精品解析：北京市八一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：北京市八一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷（解析版），共20页。

北京市八一中学2021-2022学年高二(上)10月月考
英语试卷
第一部分：听力理解：(共两节)
听下面四段对话。每段对话后有一道小题从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选地最佳选项。听对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题，听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。(每小题1分)
1．What present did the woman get?
A.A mountain bike. B.A Kindle. C.A flying robot.
2．How does the man feel?
A.Discouraged. B.Optimistic. C.Excited.
3．What is the woman going to do?
A．Help the man． B．Take a bus． C．Get a camera．
4．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.In a shop. B.In a market. C.In a restaurant.
听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
5.What are the man and the woman talking about?
A.A school bus. B.A traffic accident. C.The accident loss.
6.What exactly paused the traffic accident?
A.The traffic light. B.The smog. C.Not mentioned.
7.Why does the man make the call?
A.To make a booking. B.To make a bargain. C.To make an appoint.
8.What does the man think of the price?
A.Too high. B.Acceptable. C.Just so-so.
9.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A.Boss and clerk. B.Manager and customer. C.Customs official and passenger.
10.What is the woman not so sure about?
A.What to declare. B.Whether to buy some cheese. C.When to board the plane.
11.What does the man study at Oxford?
A.English. B.Physics. C.History.
12.What man’s first novel about?
A.His father’s work as a report.
B.His voluntary work in China.
C.His experience in South Africa.
13.Who is the speaker?
A.An editor. B.A salesman. C.An advertiser.
14.What is the purpose of the talk?
A.To ask student to buy their newspaper.
B.To introduce the newspaper to the students.
C.To find some part-time workers for the newspaper.
二、听后记录信息(共4分)
听两遍短文写两遍短文，根据所听内容和提示，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上，每空只需填写一个词。
What is the Ripple Effect(连锁反应)?
omenon
When a person throws a stone into a pond，he will see concentric 15.
rippling out from the locus point.
The thrown stone might frighten a nearby duck，hit another rock and bounce off，or scare a bunch of fish.
The term
A classwork 16. theorist named Jacob Kounin called the term
“Ripple Effect”in 1970.
Application
The effect occurs when a teacher asks a student to stop a 17. or destructive behavior. When a teacher asked a student to stop a behavior
in front of the rest of the class，this affected all other students in the class.
This engagement made other students also stop distracting behaviors， 18.
better class control.
第二部分：知识运用(共三节，32分)
第一节语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I ____1____(not see) Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him.I was a bit lazy but when I went into his class, I ____2____(become) interested. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and ____3____simple language.
【答案】1. haven’t seen
2. became 3. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在詹金斯先生教科学之后，这门学科变得有趣了。
【1题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从我离开学校后就没见过詹金斯先生，但我经常想起他。since 常和现在完成时态连用，主语为I，故填 haven’t seen。
【2题详解】
考查时态。句意：我有一点懒，但当我进入他的课堂，我变得感兴趣。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填 became。
【3题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他过去常常用大量的实例和一种简单的语言来解释看起来困难的事情。language此处泛指“一个”用不定冠词，故填 a。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I know that I wasn’t a ____4____(will) student, but I wasn’t slow ____5____(learn) new things. It was Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I used to be asked to give a presentation and explain science to an audience and now it’s my job. Often, when I’m preparing a programme, I think about ____6____ Mr Jenkins would have done it.
【答案】4. willing
5. to learn
6. how
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述詹金斯先生对作者的影响。
【4题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我知道我不是一个乐于学习的学生，但我学习新事物的速度并不慢。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词willing，意为“愿意的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词student。故填willing。
【5题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：见第1题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配be slow to do sth，意为“在做某事上慢”。故填to learn。
6题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：通常，当我准备一个节目时，我会想到詹金斯先生会怎么做。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文需要表示“如何，怎样”的意思，用连词how连接。故填how。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Graham was very difficult. I ____7____(hear) about his had behavior before he came into my class. Once I caught him and his friends ____8____ (see) who could jump the farthest off the stage!____9____when he got interested, he changed. As a teacher, I believe that everyone is good at something, and it’s important to find out ____10____that is for each student.
【答案】7. had heard
8. seeing 9. But
10. what
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者班上的一名学生一开始很难相处，但后来在作者的影响下发生了改变的故事。
【7题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：格雷厄姆很难相处。在他来我班之前，我就听说过他的不良行为。分析句意再根据before可知，hear这个动作发生在“过去之过去”，所以时态用过去完成时。故填had heard。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有一次我发现他和他的朋友们正在在看谁跳得最远!分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作宾补，又因为see和宾语之间是主动关系且动作正在进行，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填seeing。
【9题详解】
考查连词。句意：但当他感兴趣时，他就变了。作为一名教师，我相信每个人都有擅长的东西，重要的是要找出每个学生的特长。根据上文“Graham was very difficult. (格雷厄姆很难相处。)”和下文he changed可知，此处上下文之间是转折关系，所以用连词but，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填But。
【10题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是宾语从句，且从句中缺少表语，所以用连接代词what来引导宾语从句。故填what。
第二节进词填空(共1小题，每小题1分，共7分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择适当词填空，其中有三项为多余选项。
从方框中选择适当词填空.
reserved ，social ，associates，disconnected，dominates，touching，flow ，Yet，updates ，However
Mark has 500 friends online and he spends a lot of time on the Internet.His phone and laptop are never out of ____11____distance and he’s constantly posting____12____on social media.He has a never-ending ____13____of messages from all the people he____14____with online.____15____ the truth of the matter is：he feels lonely.Social networking ____16____ his life in so many ways.Although he’s hard-wired in，he is more ____17____than ever.
【答案】11. touching
12. updates
13. flow 14. associates
15. Yet 16. dominates
17. disconnected
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。马克在网上有500个朋友，他在网上花了很多时间。文章讲述马克与网上朋友的交往。
【11题详解】
考查动名词。句意：他的手机和笔记本电脑永远不会离得太远，他还经常在社交媒体上发布最新消息。结合句意，可知此处用动名词touching作介词of的宾语。故选touching。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：他的手机和笔记本电脑永远不会离得太远，他还经常在社交媒体上发布最新消息。结合句意，可知此处要填的词为updates“更新的信息”，为可数名词，所以用复数泛指。故选updates。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：他收到了来自所有他在网上交往的人源源不断的信息。结合句意，可知要填的词为flow“流动”，前面有不定冠词，所以用单数名词。故选flow。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他收到了来自所有他在网上交往的人源源不断的信息。结合句意，可知要填的词为associates“交往，联合”，且描述现在的情况，所以用一般现在时态，主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选associates。
【15题详解】
考查副词。句意：他收到了来自所有他在网上交往的人源源不断的信息。但事实是：他感到孤独。结合句意，可知要填的词为Yet“然而”，前后是转折关系。故选Yet。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：社交网络在很多方面主宰着他的生活。结合句意，可知要填的词为dominate“支配”，且描述现在的情况，所以用一般现在时态，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选dominates。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管他与外界有着千丝万缕的联系，但他比以往任何时候都更加疏远。结合句意，可知要填的词为disconnected“无关联的”，是形容词作表语。故选disconnected。
第三节完形填空(共1小题;每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The real act of discovery is not in finding new lands, but in seeing with new eyes.
—Marcel Proust
As a young social worker in a New York City psychiatric (精神病的) clinic, I was asked to see Roz, a twenty-year-old woman who had been sent to us from another psychiatric facility. It was a(n) ___18___ case, because no information was received ahead of her first appointment. I was told to figure out by myself what her ___19___ were and what she needed.
___20___ a diagnosis (诊断) to go on, I saw Roz as an unhappy, misunderstood young woman who hadn’t been listened to in her earlier treatment. Her family situation was unpleasant. I didn’t see her as disturbed, ___21___ as lonely and misunderstood. She responded so positively to being heard. I worked with her to start a life worth living—to find a job, a satisfying place to live and new ___22___. We got along well, and she started making great ___23___ in her life right away.
The records from the ___24___ psychiatric facility arrived a month after Roz and I began our successful work together. To my complete ___25___, her records were several inches thick, describing a number of psychiatric hospital stays. Her diagnosis was “paranoid schizophrenic,” with a comment on her being “hopeless”.
That had not been my experience with Roz at all. I decided to ___26___ those pieces of paper. I never treated her as if she had that “hopeless” diagnosis. It was a lesson for me in ___27___ the value and certainty of diagnoses. I did find out about the horrors for Roz of being treated badly. I also learned a lot from her about ___28___ such upsetting circumstances.
First Roz found a job, then a place to live away from her ___29___ family. After several months of working together, she introduced me to her husband-to-be, a successful businessman who loved her very much.
When her treatment was ___30___, Roz gave me the gift of a silver bookmark and a note that said, “Thank you for ___31___ me.”
I have carried that note with me and I will for the rest of my life to remind me of the stand I take for people, thanks to one brave woman’s ___32___ over a “hopeless” diagnosis.
18. A. simple B. predictable C. unusual D. obvious
19. A. problems B. differences C. interests D. requests
20. A. In B. By C. For D. Without
21. A. and B. so C. but D. or
22 A. beliefs B. relationships C. choices D. adventures
23. A. discoveries B. changes C. decisions D. appointments
24. A. previous B. famous C. nearby D. special
25. A. delight B. disappointment C. surprise D. satisfaction
26. A. accept B. read C. copy D. forget
27. A. establishing B. questioning C. selecting D. reducing
28. A. controlling B. exploring C. following D. surviving
29. A. reliable B. peaceful C. difficult D. homeless
30. A. completed B. recommended C. planned D. required
31. A. entertaining B. believing C. raising D. training
32. A. preference B. concern C. argument D. victory
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个精神病医生，帮助一位被诊断为“没有希望”的患者罗兹找到了全新的生活和自我，最终完成治疗的励志故事。

【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个不寻常的案例，因为在她第一次预约之前没有收到任何信息。A. simple简单的；B. predictable可预测的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. obvious显然的。根据后文“because no information was received ahead of her first appointment”可知，在转到作者所在的诊所之前，作者没有收到任何相关信息，可见这是不同寻常的。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被告知要自己去弄清楚她的问题是什么，她需要什么。A. problems问题；B. differences差异；C. interests兴趣；D. requests要求。根据前文“As a young social worker in a New York City psychiatric (精神病的) clinic”及“because no information was received ahead of her first appointment”可知，作为一个精神病医生，作者要在没有任何信息的情况下去判断病人的问题。故选A项。
20题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在没有进一步诊断的情况下，我认为罗兹是一个不快乐、被误解的年轻女性，在她早期的治疗中没有人倾听她的意见。A. In在……里面；B. By在……旁边，到……为止；C. For因为；D. Without没有。根据后文“I saw Roz as an unhappy, misunderstood young woman who hadn’t been listened to in her earlier treatment”及“The records from the ___7___ psychiatric facility arrived a month after Roz and I began our successful work together. ”可知，不快乐、被误解的年轻女性是作者在没有参考以往诊断的情况下对罗兹的第一印象，此时作者并没有作进一步的诊断。故选D项。
【21题详解】
考查并列连词词义辨析。句意：我没觉得她心理失常，而是觉得她孤独和被误解了。A. and并且；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. or或者。根据前文“I saw Roz as an unhappy, misunderstood young woman who hadn’t been listened to in her earlier treatment”可知，作者认为罗兹是一个不开心的被误解的人，并没有把她看作一个心理失常的病人；此处not…but...意为“不是……而是……”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和她一起工作，开始了一种值得过下去的生活——找到一份工作，一个令人满意的住处，建立新的关系。A. beliefs信仰；B. relationships关系；C. choices选择；D. adventures冒险。根据后文“First Roz found a job, then a place to live away from her ___12___family. After several months of working together, she introduced me to her husband-to-be, a successful businessman who loved her very much.”可知，罗兹找到了新工作、新住处和未来的丈夫，找到未来丈夫也就是建立了一种新的关系。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们相处得很好，她的生活马上开始有了很大的改变。A. discoveries发现；B. changes改变；C. decisions决定；D. appointments约会。根据后文“First Roz found a job, then a place to live away from her ___12___family. After several months of working together, she introduced me to her husband-to-be, a successful businessman who loved her very much.”可知，罗兹最后找到了全新的自我，所以可推断她在治疗过程中取得了很大的改变。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：之前那家精神病院的记录是在我和罗兹开始我们成功的合作一个月后送到的。A. previous之前的；B. famous著名的；C. nearby附近的；D. special特殊的。根据前文“As a young social worker in a New York City psychiatric (精神病的) clinic, I was asked to see Roz, a twenty-year-old woman who had been sent to us from another psychiatric facility.”可知，罗兹是从其他精神病医院转移过来的，可推断收到的记录是来自之前的医院。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，她的记录有几英寸厚，描述了她在精神病院的多次住院经历。A. delight开心；B. disappointment失望；C. surprise惊讶；D. satisfaction满意。根据后文“her records were several inches thick, describing a number of psychiatric hospital stays”可知，跟其他人相比，罗兹的记录是厚厚一沓，曾经多次住院，这令作者感到惊讶。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那根本不是我和罗兹的经历。我决定忘记那些纸。A. accept接受；B. read阅读；C. copy复印；D. forget忘记。根据前文“That had not been my experience with Roz at all.”可知，收到的记录中的信息与作者跟罗兹相处所得出的结论是不一样的，没有参考价值，所以作者打算忘记这些记录。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我一个教训，让我开始质疑诊断的价值和确定性。A. establishing建立；B. questioning质疑；C. selecting选择；D. reducing减少。根据后文前文“Her diagnosis was ‘paranoid schizophrenic,’ with a comment on her being ‘hopeless’.”及后文“That had not been my experience with Roz at all. I decided to ___9___ those pieces of paper. I never treated her as if she had that “hopeless” diagnosis. ”可知，之前的诊断与作者在跟罗兹实际相处中所得出的结论是完全不一样的，所以诊断也会存在错误，不具备参考价值，这让作者对诊断的价值及确定性产生了质疑。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也从她身上学到了如何在这种痛苦的环境中生存下来。A. controlling控制；B. exploring探索；C. following追随；D. surviving幸存。根据前文“I saw Roz as an unhappy, misunderstood young woman who hadn’t been listened to in her earlier treatment”及“I did find out about the horrors for Roz of being treated badly.”可知，罗兹被人误会、被虐待，但是她仍然没有放弃活着的希望，仍然坚强的在这种痛苦的处境中生存。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，罗兹找到了一份工作，然后又找到了一个远离难缠的家人的住处。A. reliable可靠的；B. peaceful和平的；C. difficult难相处的；D. homeless无家可归的。根据前文“Her family situation was unpleasant.”可知，罗兹生活在一个不愉快的家庭中，可推断她的家人是不好相处的。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗结束后，罗兹送给我一张银书签和一张纸条，上面写着:“谢谢你相信我。”A. completed完成；B. recommended推荐；C. planned计划；D. required要求。根据前文“First Roz found a job, then a place to live away from her ___12___ family. After several months of working together, she introduced me to her husband-to-be, a successful businessman who loved her very much.”可知，罗兹的情况在慢慢好转，找到了全新的生活，所以可推断此处是她的治疗结束了，然后对作者表示感谢。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗结束后，罗兹送给我一张银书签和一张纸条，上面写着:“谢谢你相信我。”A. entertaining娱乐；B. believing相信；C. raising抚养；D. training训练。根据前文“Her diagnosis was ‘paranoid schizophrenic,’ with a comment on her being ‘hopeless’.”及后文“That had not been my experience with Roz at all. I decided to ___9___ those pieces of paper. I never treated her as if she had that “hopeless” diagnosis. ”可知，之前的医院诊断罗兹没有希望，但是作者不这么认为，相反，作者帮助罗兹寻找全新的生活和自己，最终完成了治疗，这些都是基于作者对于罗兹的信任。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直带着这张纸条，而且在我的余生中，我也会一直提醒自己对人们所持的立场，感谢一位勇敢的女性战胜了一个“无望的”诊断。A. preference偏好；B. concern关心；C. argument争论；D. victory胜利。根据前文“When her treatment was ___13___, Roz gave me the gift of a silver bookmark and a note that said, ‘Thank you for ___14___ me.’”可知，虽然被诊断为没有希望，但是罗兹最终完成了治疗，取得了胜利。故选D项。
第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，28分)
第一节阅读选择(每题2分，共16分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Hug from a Teenage Boy
Fifteen years spent in the field of education have provided Nancy Marra with many treasured moments. One of the most endearing happened when she was teaching second grade.
That year, she decided to plan something special for the children: a Mother’s Day tea. After all the preparations were made for it, each child took home an invitation. Nancy was surprised and relieved to see that every mother was planning to attend. She even invited her own mother.
Finally, the day arrived. That afternoon, each child lined up at the classroom door expecting the arrival of his or her mom. As it got closer to starting time, Nancy looked around and her eyes quickly found Jimmy. His mother hadn’t shown up and he was looking upset.
Nancy took her mother by the hand and walked over to Jimmy. “Jimmy,” Nancy said, “I have a bit of a problem here and I was wondering if you could help out. Since I’m going to be really busy today, I was wondering if you could keep my mother company.”
Nancy’s mom and Jimmy sat at a table with two other mother-child pairs. Jimmy served Nancy’s mom her treats, presented her with the gift Nancy had made, and pulled out and pushed in her chair, just as they had practiced the day before. Whenever Nancy looked over, her mom and Jimmy were in deep conversation
Ten years later, Nancy was at a high school to take a senior class on a field trip, and there was Jimmy. On the way back, Nancy had the students complete an evaluation form of their trip. She collected and checked the forms one by one.
When she came to Jimmy’s evaluation page, he had written, “Remember our Mother’s Day tea we had in second grade, Mrs. Marra? I do! Thanks for all you did for me, and thank your mother, too.”
As they began unloading at the school, Jimmy made sure he was the last one to go. Nancy told him she really enjoyed what he had written. He looked rather embarrassed, mumbled (咕哝) his own thanks, and then turned to walk away. As the bus driver began pulling the bus away, Jimmy ran back and knocked on the bus door. He jumped back on board and gave Nancy a big hug. “Thanks again, Mrs. Marra. No one even knew my mom didn’t make it that day!”
She ended her workday with a hug from a teenage boy who had probably stopped hugging teachers years ago.
33. Why was Jimmy paired with Nancy’s mother?
A. Nancy was too busy to spend time with her.
B. Jimmy’s mother didn’t come to the event.
C. Nancy wanted Jimmy to get to know her.
D. Jimmy could get along well with her.
34. Where did Jimmy meet Nancy ten years later?
A. Near Jimmy’s high school.
B. At a Mother’s Day tea.
C. In Nancy’s classroom.
D. On a field trip.
35. How did Jimmy feel about what Nancy had done for him?
A. Upset. B. Embarrassed. C. Grateful. D. Satisfied.
36. Which of the following best presents the theme of the passage?
A. No act of kindness is ever wasted.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. A mother’s hug lasts long after she lets go.
D. The best teacher must be the best performer.
【答案】33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。15年的教育生涯为南希·马拉提供了许多宝贵的时刻，其中最可爱的一次发生在她教二年级的时候。那年，她决定为孩子们安排一件特别的事情：母亲节茶会。每个孩子都在教室门口排队等候妈妈的时候，吉米的妈妈没来，他看起来很沮丧。于是南希安排吉米和自己的母亲坐在一起，而这一举动深深感动了吉米。
33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“His mother hadn’t shown up and he was looking upset.(他妈妈没来，他看起来很沮丧)”及第四段中的“Nancy took her mother by the hand and walked over to Jimmy.(南希拉着妈妈的手走向吉米)”可知，吉米和南希的母亲搭档，因为吉米的母亲没有来参加这次活动。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Ten years later, Nancy was at a high school to take a senior class on a field trip, and there was Jimmy. (十年后，南希在一所高中带高年级学生去郊游，吉米也来了)”可知，十年后吉米在一次郊游中遇到了南希。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Remember our Mother’s Day tea we had in second grade, Mrs. Marra? I do! Thanks for all you did for me, and thank your mother, too.(还记得我们二年级时的母亲节茶会吗，马拉太太？我记得！谢谢你为我所做的一切，也谢谢你的妈妈)”可知，吉米对南希为他所做的一切感到感激。故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Remember our Mother’s Day tea we had in second grade, Mrs. Marra? I do! Thanks for all you did for me, and thank your mother, too.(还记得我们二年级时的母亲节茶会吗，马拉太太？我记得！谢谢你为我所做的一切，也谢谢你的妈妈)”可知，多年前南希的小小善举深深感动了吉米，吉米一直心怀感激。由此可知，No act of kindness is ever wasted.(任何善举都不会白费) 最能表达文章的主题。故选A。
B
You may think your dog likes you more than it does. Dog owners tend to overestimate the bond they have with their pets, which could have implications for preventing dogs from roaming (walking) far from home or attacking other animals.
“As caregivers, we need to develop better bonds with our dogs, not only for our own well-being and the dogs’ well-being, but also for nature,” says Lorena Saavedra-Aracena at the University of Magallanes, Chile.
Previous research has shown that unsterilized (未杀菌的) male dogs and undernourished dogs tend to roam longer distances, but it isn’t always the case. Saavedra-Aracena wondered if the dogs’ attachment to their caregivers also played a role, so she and her colleagues equipped 41 free-roaming pet dogs with GPS collars, tracking their journeys on Navarino Island in southern Chile for about 3 weeks.
Although most of the dogs stayed within a 200-meter radius (半径) of home, Some travelled up to 28 kilometres away. One even swam in a near-freezing canal for an hour while chasing native water birds, says Saavedra-Aracena. The dogs regularly brought home carcasses (动物的尸体) of native birds, and 80 per cent of them harassed other animals, mainly local cattle and sheep.
The researchers asked owners to complete a standard survey about the dog-human bond. Then, to get the “dog’s point of view”, they ran a behaviour test adapted from evaluations of children’s bonds with their parents.Each dog was reunited with its owner in a new place addressed by strangers, left alone in an unfamiliar room and given free access to a second, empty room. The team found that lower scores on the bonding test correlated with greater roaming distances.The owners of these dogs had assessed their pets’ attachment to them as much stronger than the bonding tests suggested, says Saavedra-Aracena. Is it possible that people place too much weight on their dog’s enthusiastic greetings as a sign of bonding, she says. Dogs that roamed the most often showed the most exuberant (energetic and excited) responses to seeing their owners again. They may have simply become accustomed to carrying out an “evolutionary” ritual (仪式) of bond re-establishment that is typical among pack members after long absences, says Saavedra-Aracena.
Relationships with other humans may have weakened the dog-owner bond in far-roaming dogs, she says. Neighbours sometimes give them food, and tourists hiking on the island offer walks and companionship, potentially reinforcing the roaming problem.
Outside opportunities for food, exercise and socialisation could all affect bonding, says Paul McGreevy at the University of New England in Australia. These aspects are critical to dog welfare and represent needs that must be met by its caregiver, both for building attachment and for controlling roaming behaviour. “If any one of those three key resources is lacking, then the dog can be justified in going elsewhere.” he says.
Although it has become less common to see roaming dogs in industrialised nations, they continue to roam freely in most societies, says Saavedra-Aracena. Even when owners restrain their pets, some dogs can escape their ropes.
“Unlike children who loosen bonds with their parents as they grow older, dogs can become more attached to their caregivers throughout their lives,” she says. “So, it’s never too late to work on building that bond, playing with your dog and just spending time with him, getting to know him better, just like you would with a human partner.”
37. From the research done by Saavedra-Aracena and her colleagues, we can learn that .
A. almost all the dogs were mistreated or didn’t have the ability to breed
B. the healthier the dog is, the farther it can escape
C. most of the dogs didn’t travel very far away
D. the researchers follow the wandering dogs in the flesh
38. The underlined word “harassed” probably means .
A. threatened B. generated C. sheltered D. avoided
39. From the passage, it can be inferred that .
A. food, sport and company are the three key factors when forming a bond with your dog
B. dog owners are more likely to consider their relationship with their dogs as close
C. the more energetically a dog responds to you, the closer the relationship you have with it is
D. dogs can become attracted by other people, which can result in them raveling farther than they otherwise would
40. The author writes the passage to .
A. inform us of the potential risks between dogs and their owners
B. remind dog owners to give more attention and time to their pet dogs
C. warn us to restrict the activities of dogs
D. present us with a piece of research that discuses how a relationship is formed between a dog and its owner
【答案】37. C 38. A 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了狗的主人往往会高估他们与宠物之间的联系，这可能会影响到防止狗离家去很远的地方游荡或攻击其他动物。Saavedra-Aracena和他的同事通过研究表明我们需要和我们的狗建立更好的关系，不仅仅是为了我们自己的幸福和狗的幸福，也是为了大自然。食物、运动和陪伴是我们与狗建立联系的三个关键因素。狗会在一生中变得更加依恋照顾它们的人，狗主人应给他们的宠物狗更多的关注和陪伴时间。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Although most of the dogs stayed within a 200-meter radius (半径) of home, Some travelled up to 28 kilometres away.(尽管大多数狗停留在200米半径内，但有些狗还是行走了了23公里。)” 可知，大多数的狗都没有走得很远。故选C项。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Dog owners tend to overestimate the bond they have with their pets, which could have implications for preventing dogs from roaming(walking) far from home or attacking other animals.(狗主人往往会高估他们与宠物之间的联系，这可能会影响到防止狗离家去很远的地方游荡（散步）或攻击其他动物。)”以及第四段的“One even swam in a near-freezing canal for an hour while chasing native water birds, says Saavedra-Aracena. The dogs regularly brought home carcasses (动物的尸体) of native birds, and 80 per cent of them harassed other animals, mainly local cattle and sheep.(Saavedra-Aracena说，其中一只甚至在近乎结冰的运河里游了一个小时，同时追逐当地的水鸟。这些狗会定期把当地鸟类的尸体带回家，其中80%会harassed其他动物，主要是当地的牛羊。)”可知，这些狗会袭击或者追赶其他动物，比如追逐水鸟，对其他动物具有威胁，harassed在此处意为“威胁（threatened）”。故选A项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段第一句“Outside opportunities for food, exercise and socialisation could all affect bonding, says Paul McGreevy at the University of New England in Australia.(澳大利亚新英格兰大学的保罗·麦克格里维说，外界的食物、锻炼和社交机会都可能影响亲密关系。)”以及第三句““If any one of those three key resources is lacking, then the dog can be justified in going elsewhere.” he says.(他说，“如果这三个关键资源中的任何一个缺乏，那么狗就有理由去其他地方。”)”可知，食物、运动和陪伴是与你的狗建立联系的三个关键因素。故选A项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Unlike children who loosen bonds with their parents as they grow older, dogs can become more attached to their caregivers throughout their lives,” she says. “So, it’s never too late to work on building that bond, playing with your dog and just spending time with him, getting to know him better, just like you would with a human partner.”(她说：“不像孩子，随着年龄的增长，会和父母疏远，狗会在一生中变得更加依恋照顾它们的人。所以，努力建立这种联系，和你的狗玩耍，花时间和它在一起，更好地了解它，就像和人类伴侣在一起一样，永远都不会晚。”)”可知，作者的写作意图是提醒狗主人给他们的宠物狗更多的关注和时间。故选B项。
第二节阅读回答问题(每小题3分)
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
A few years ago, I started to notice big shifts in teens’ behavior. Around 2014, teens started to spend their time much differently from the generations before. These teens and young adults all have one thing in common: Their childhood or adolescence coincided with the rise of the smart phone. For this reason, I call them iGeneration.
What makes iGen different? Growing up with a smartphone has affected nearly every aspect of their lives. They spend so much time on the Internet, texting friends and on social media that they have less leisure time for everything else. Whether it’s going to parties, shopping at the mall, or watching movies, iGen teens are participating in these social activities at a significantly low rate.
Some parents might worry about their teens spending so much time on their phones because it differs from the way they spent their own adolescence. But it is not just different-in many ways, it’s actually worse. Spending less time with friends means less time to develop social skills. A 2016 study found that sixth graders who spent just five days at a camp without using screens ended the time better at reading emotions on others’ faces, suggesting that iGen’s screen-filled lives might cause their social skills to shrink.
In addition, in the annual Monitoring the Future survey, the percentage of iGen teens who read a non required book every day dropped from 60 percent in 1980 to only 16 percent in 2016. Perhaps as a result, average SAT critical reading scores have dropped 14 points since 2010.
iGen shows another break with the previous generations: Depression anxiety, and loneliness have shot upward with happiness declining. The teen suicide rate increased by more than 50 percent, as did the number of teens with clinical-level depression.
Parents used to worry about their teens spending too much time with their friends-they were a distraction, a bad influence, a waste of time. But it might be just what iGen needs now.
41. How are iGen teens different from the generations before?
_________________________________________________________
42. What is another break with the previous generation does iGen show?
_________________________________________________________
43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Teen’s friends were regarded as a distraction, a bad influence, and a waste of time by most parents, so it’s not suggested that teens spend time with their friends.
_________________________________________________________
44. Can you offer some suggestions for iGen teens? (about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________
【答案】41. They spend their adolescence with smartphones.
42. Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have shot upward with happiness declining.
43. Teen’s friends were regarded as a distraction, a bad influence, and a waste of time by most parents, so it’s not suggested that teens spend time with their friends. But it might be just what iGen needs now.
it was


44. It is recommended that physical exercise, an excellent way of relieving pressure, be scheduled regularly. Keeping healthy is key to our success.
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述电子产品对新一代青少年的影响。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Their childhood or adolescence coincided with the rise of the smart phone. (他们的童年或青春期与智能手机的兴起不谋而合。)”和第二段“Growing up with a smartphone has affected nearly every aspect of their lives. They spend so much time on the Internet, texting friends and on social media that they have less leisure time for everything else. Whether it’s going to parties, shopping at the mall, or watching movies, iGen teens are participating in these social activities at a significantly low rate.(伴随着智能手机长大几乎影响了他们生活的方方面面。他们花了太多时间在互联网上、给朋友发短信和社交媒体上，所以他们很少有空闲时间做其他事情。无论是参加派对、在商场购物还是看电影，iGen青少年参与这些社交活动的比率都非常低。)”可知，电子一代青少年时期和智能手机关系很紧密。故答案为They spend their adolescence with smartphones.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“iGen shows another break with the previous generations: Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have shot upward with happiness declining. (iGen展示了与前几代人的另一点决裂：抑郁、焦虑和孤独随着幸福感的下降而激增。)”可知，电子一代展示了与前几代人的另一点决裂：抑郁、焦虑和孤独随着幸福感的下降而激增。故答案为Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have shot upward with happiness declining.
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Parents used to worry about their teens spending too much time with their friends-they were a distraction, a bad influence, a waste of time. But it might be just what iGen needs now. (父母过去常常担心他们的青少年花太多时间和朋友在一起——这会分散注意力，造成不良影响，浪费时间。但这可能正是电子一代现在所需要的。)”可知，母过去常常担心他们的青少年花太多时间和朋友在一起，因为这会分散他们的注意力，造成不良影响，浪费时间，所以在过去，青少年花太多时间和朋友在一起是不被允许的。但这可能正是电子一代现在所需要的。故答案为Teen’s friends were regarded as a distraction, a bad influence, and a waste of time by most parents, so it’s not suggested that
it was
teens spend time with their friends. But it might be just what iGen needs now.
【44题详解】
本题是开放性试题。根据第二段“Growing up with a smartphone has affected nearly every aspect of their lives. They spend so much time on the Internet, texting friends and on social media that they have less leisure time for everything else. Whether it’s going to parties, shopping at the mall, or watching movies, iGen teens are participating in these social activities at a significantly low rate.(伴随着智能手机长大几乎影响了他们生活的方方面面。他们花了太多时间在互联网上、给朋友发短信和社交媒体上，所以他们很少有空闲时间做其他事情。无论是参加派对、在商场购物还是看电影，iGen青少年参与这些社交活动的比率都非常低。)”和第五段“iGen shows another break with the previous generations: Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have shot upward with happiness declining. The teen suicide rate increased by more than 50 percent, as did the number of teens with clinical-level depression. (iGen展示了与前几代人的另一点决裂：抑郁、焦虑和孤独随着幸福感的下降而激增。青少年自杀率增加了50%以上，患有临床抑郁症的青少年人数也增加了50%。)”可知，现在的青少年花太多时间在智能手机上而导致很多问题的出现，比如没有时间锻炼身体，不交朋友，变得抑郁、焦虑和孤独，最终导致身体健康出现问题。所以，建议定期进行体育锻炼，缓解压力。保持健康才是我们成功的关键。故答案为It is recommended that physical exercise, an excellent way of relieving pressure, be scheduled regularly. Keeping healthy is key to our success.
第三部分：书面表达(20分)
45. 假如你是八一学校高二年级的李华，你们英语学科刚刚结束了第一单元“人际关系”的学习。针对单元学习内容，年级将举办体现人际关系的英语连环漫画大赛，并邀请外教Jim做评委，请你给他写一封信。
相关内容如下：
1.评选时间：下周一下午3点；地点：英语教师办公室
2.评选标准(围绕主题、图片生动、语言准确)
3.评委职责(浏览所有参赛作品、记录作品优缺点、评出一二三等奖)
注意：
1.词不少于100.
2.连环漫画：comic strip
Dear Jim，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim，
I am Li Hua, a student in Grade Two. As you know, our English subject has just finished the study of unit 1 “interpersonal relationship”. For the learning content of the unit, our grade will hold an English comic strip contest reflecting interpersonal relations. I am writing to invite you to be the judge.
Please come to English teacher’s Office at 3：00 p.m. next Monday, where you are to work with other eight English teachers to browse all entries, and record the advantages and disadvantages of works. The works which can stick to the theme and have vivid pictures and accurate language are good ones.You must select one work for the the first prize, five works for the second prize and ten works for the third prize.
I’d really appreciate it if you can accept my invitation. I’m looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文。要求考生给外教Jim写一封信，邀请他参加体现人际关系的英语连环漫画大赛做评委。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
完结：finish→complete
举行：hold→take place
选择：select→pick out
感激：appreciate→be grateful
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For the learning content of the unit, our grade will hold an English comic strip contest reflecting interpersonal relations.
拓展句：Our grade will hold an English comic strip contest reflecting interpersonal relations, for which the learning content of the unit will be the basis.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Please come to English teacher’s Office at 3：00 p.m. next Monday, where you are to work with other eight English teachers to browse all entries, and record the advantages and disadvantages of works.(where引导的非限制定语从句)
[高分句型2]The works which can stick to the theme and have vivid pictures and accurate language are good ones.(which引导的定语从句)