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河北省张家口市新时代NT名校联合体2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份河北省张家口市新时代NT名校联合体2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
新时代NT名校联合体2022-2023学年第二学期期中考试
高二英语
注意事项：
1.本试卷考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the man go back home?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Making breakfast. B. Going shopping. C. Buying eggs and fruit.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the company. B. At the airport. C. On the plane.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Cousins. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues.
5. Why will the man need to drive slowly?
A. He will pull over. B. He is too tired. C. He is speeding.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman mainly complaining about?
A. Her demanding boss. B. Her boring job. C. Her tired body.
7. What does the woman think of her job?
A. Interesting but challenging.
B. Relaxing but meaningless.
C. Tiring but well-paid.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the morning. B. In the evening. C. In the afternoon.
9. How much is the woman going to pay in total?
A. ¥ 70. B. ¥ 100. C. ¥ 130.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where is the woman from?
A. Madrid. B. Cordoba. C. Seville.
11 What is the woman’s major?
A. Psychology. B. Physiology. C. Medicine.
12. What does the woman like to do best in her spare time?
A. Visit friends. B. Play tennis. C. Dance.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the man feel about the meeting?
A. Ridiculous. B. Interesting. C. Meaningless.
14. What will the man do this evening?
A. Collect rubbish. B. Go cycling. C. Write a letter.
15. What does the woman say about the environment?
A. The environmental problems are worrying.
B. Global warming and pollution can be ignored.
C. People should be more active about the environment.
16. What will the speakers do next?
A. Invite Kate to have dinner.
B Ask someone else for help.
C. Put up the poster all over the city.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Why today’s students need exercise.
B. What courses today’s students prefer.
C. How today’s students spend their money.
18. What may Collin be interested in?
A. Making tools. B. Designing shoes. C. Climbing mountains.
19. How does Diana try to save money?
A. By making her own clothes.
B. By living in a flat with heating.
C. By selling her clothes to other students.
20. What does Jack spend much money on?
A. Food. B. Rent. C. Clothes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Australia is a fantastic country that boasts a variety of breathtaking natural attractions and cultural hot spots. Here are some of the best tourist destinations to visit in Australia.
The Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most iconic natural wonders of the world, located off the coast of Queensland. It is the world’s largest coral reef system, home to over 1,500 species of fish and hundreds of different types of coral. Visitors can snorkel or scuba dive to explore the vibrant underwater ecosystem, or take a scenic flight above the reef for a bird’s eye view.
Ayers Rock
Ayers Rock is a large sandstone rock formation located in the heart of the Australian outback (内陆). It is sacred to native Australians, who have lived in the area for over 10,000 years. Visitors can take guided tours to learn about the history and cultural significance of Ayers Rock, or hike around the base of the rock to see its impressive size up close.
Sydney Opera House
Sydney Opera House is undoubtedly one of Australia’s most recognizable landmarks. Completed in 1973, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a masterpiece of modern architecture. Visitors can take a guided tour to learn about the building’s history and design, or attend a performance in one of its many theaters.
The Great Ocean Road
The Great Ocean Road is a scenic coastal drive that stretches over 240 kilometers along the southern coast of Victoria. It offers stunning views of rough cliffs, primitive beaches, and towering rock formations like the twelve apostles (使徒). Visitors can stop at lookout points along the way, or take a helicopter ride for a truly unforgettable experience.
1. Where can people go to see diverse marine life?
A. Ayers Rock. B. The Great Ocean Road.
C. Sydney Opera House. D. The Great Barrier Reef.
2. What do we know about Ayers Rock?
A. Its landscape was made by hand.
B. It has a history of over 10,000 years.
C. Guided tours are available at Ayers Rock.
D. UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site.
3. What can impress a tourist on the Great Ocean Road?
A. Taking a flight above the road. B. Attending a theater performance.
C. Driving along the coast. D. Diving into the deep sea.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了澳大利亚几个著名景点。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Visitors can snorkel or scuba dive to explore the vibrant underwater ecosystem, or take a scenic flight above the reef for a bird’s eye view. (游客可以浮潜或水肺潜水，探索充满活力的水下生态系统，也可以在珊瑚礁上方进行风景优美的飞行，欣赏鸟瞰图。)”可知，在大堡礁，游客可以潜水探索水下生态系统，因此肯定能看到大量的海洋生物。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Visitors can take guided tours to learn about the history and cultural significance of Ayers Rock, or hike around the base of the rock to see its impressive size up close. (游客可以在导游的带领下了解艾尔斯岩的历史和文化意义，也可以在岩石底部徒步旅行，近距离观察其令人印象深刻的大小。)”可知，在艾尔斯山，游客能够体验导游带队游览。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Visitors can stop at lookout points along the way, or take a helicopter ride for a truly unforgettable experience. (游客可以在沿途的了望点停留，或者乘坐直升机，享受真正难忘的体验。)”可知，在大洋路，游客可以乘坐直升机，这是令人难忘的体验，让人印象深刻。故选A项。
B
For many people, Christmas is a time to cozy up inside with yummy treats and pretty decorations while the snow falls outside. However, people living in nursing homes often have few family members to celebrate with.
In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. She said, “I just got this idea in my head to call two nursing homes at random and ask if my mother and I could come and read ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas.’” The nursing homes were more than happy to welcome her in and the residents of those homes were equally thrilled. Thus, her holiday tradition started.
To go along with the book reading, Patricia brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals so the senior residents could hold them while she read the story.
But, when it was time to pack up and go to the next nursing home, Patricia found that no one wanted to give the stuffed animals back! She said, “It was just a nursing home with a lot of elderly people sitting in wheelchairs. And all of a sudden, the whole room became alive with jingling bells and they really didn’t want to give them back because they thought we had given them a gift.”
Seeing the joy that a simple present can bring, Patricia had the idea to gather stuffed animals and dolls as a gift for senior citizens living in nursing homes. Then, she put an ad up for gently used stuffed animals on a website. It wasn’t long before the local communities and schools started hosting stuffed animal collections on her behalf. In just two years, she collected more than 11,000 stuffed animals to gift people!
With so many stuffed animals, Patricia started offering gifts to people living in homes for veterans (退伍军人) as well. She said, “These stuffed animals not only bring people joy, but bring back the memories of their childhood and give them some comfort.”
4. What did Patricia do in 2009 according to the passage?
A. She found a good job in a nursing home.
B. She spent her holiday reading for the elderly.
C. She visited her best friends in a nursing home.
D. She sent some cute animals to lonely strangers.
5. Why did the seniors refuse to give stuffed animals back?
A. The stuffed animals were broken.
B. The stuffed animals were donated by others.
C. They wanted to purchase the stuffed animals.
D. They regarded the stuffed animals as their gifts.
6. Which of the following can best describe Patricia?
A. Sympathetic and generous. B. Influential and creative.
C Enthusiastic and genuine. D. Ambitious and. humble.
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A Nursing Home Is Many People’s Home
B. The Elderly Deserve More Care And Love
C. A Woman Gifts Stuffed Animals to Senior Citizens
D. A Family Tradition Helps Hundreds of Lonely People
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了富有同情心的Patricia女士在节日里陪伴养老院的老人，给他们阅读和送毛绒玩具的善人善举。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. (2009年，费城的Patricia Gallagher意识到了这一点，于是她决定把一本圣诞书带到不同的养老院，为人们阅读。)”可知，她在2009年做的事情应该包括在圣诞节的时候去养老院为老人读书。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And all of a sudden, the whole room became alive with jingling bells and they really didn’t want to give them back because they thought we had given them a gift. (突然间，整个房间都充满了叮当作响的铃声，他们真的不想还给他们，因为他们认为我们给了他们一份礼物。)”可知，老人之所以不肯退回毛绒玩具，是因为他们以为这是礼物。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. (2009年，费城的Patricia Gallagher意识到了这一点，于是她决定把一本圣诞书带到不同的养老院，为人们阅读。)”和第三段“To go along with the book reading, Patricia brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals so the senior residents could hold them while she read the story. (为了配合读书，Patricia带了一些她的孩子们的毛绒玩具，这样老年居民就可以在她读故事时抱着它们。)”可知，她富有同情心，愿意把自己的假日时间花在陪伴养老院里的老人上，而且很慷慨大方，把自己孩子的玩具也贡献出来了。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本文最后一段“With so many stuffed animals, Patricia started offering gifts to people living in homes for veterans (退伍军人) as well. She said, “These stuffed animals not only bring people joy, but bring back the memories of their childhood and give them some comfort.”. (有了这么多毛绒玩具，Patricia也开始向住在退伍军人之家的人提供礼物。她说：“这些毛绒动物不仅给人们带来了欢乐，还带回了他们童年的记忆，给他们一些安慰。”)”可知，本文主要讲述富有同情心的Patricia女士为老人阅读并送上填充毛绒玩具的善人善举。故选C项。
C
Brian Fischler is blind. He can tell whether it’s light or dark outside, but that’s about it.
“I grew up sighted like everybody, and I was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa (视网膜色素变性) at 13,” Fischler says. “And for me, the lights went out about 2009.” Fischler, a New York-based stand-up comedian, has used the app Be My Eyes since it first came out eight years ago. It relies on sighted volunteers to do tasks like describing holiday cards sent in the mail, or telling you whether that can in your cupboard is coconut milk or chicken soup.
Hans Wiberg, a Danish furniture craftsman, created the app after he got tired of calling his friends and family to ask for help to identify things. He spent a couple of years developing it, and the app was launched in 2015.
But eight years later, there’s a twist. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more accessible, app creators are experimenting with an AI version using tech as well as human volunteers. Be My Eyes CEO Mike Buckley says the argument for AI is that it can do things people cannot. Buckley says, “You can tap into the AI and say, ‘How do I connect to my Sony stereo?’ and furthermore, you can take a picture of your refrigerator and it not only tells you what all the ingredients are but it tells you what you can make for dinner.”
However, he insists that AI won’t completely replace the volunteers who make Be My Eyes so popular. “I hope it ends up being 50-50 because I do think that there is going to be a desire for continued human connection,” Buckley says, “There’s some volunteer feedback we’ve gotten, for example, when they actually get a call they talk about it as the best day of their week.”
8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?
A. To bring in the topic. B. To give an example.
C. To introduce a blind man. D. To provide background information.
9. What can be inferred about Wiberg?
A. He might come from America.
B. He might be visually impaired.
C. He was born sighted like ordinary people.
D. He was diagnosed with some deadly disease.
10. What does the underlined word “twist” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. A novel and expensive invention.
B. An efficient and powerful replacement.
C. A superior and demanding application.
D. An unexpected and significant development.
11. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A science magazine. B. A diary entry.
C. A travel website. D. A research paper.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了应用程序Be My Eyes的发展历程。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fischler, a New York-based stand-up comedian, has used the app Be My Eyes since it first came out eight years ago. (Fischler是一位纽约的单口喜剧演员，自八年前首次推出Be My Eyes应用程序以来，他一直在使用该应用程序。)”可知，本文主要介绍Be My Eyes这一款应用程序。因此第一段提及该程序的用户之一——失明的Fischler仅能辨别是暗还是亮的目的是引出下文话题：该应用程序。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Hans Wiberg, a Danish furniture craftsman, created the app after he got tired of calling his friends and family to ask for help to identify things. (丹麦家具工匠Hans Wiberg在厌倦了给朋友和家人打电话寻求帮助来识别物品后，创建了这款应用程序。)”可知，Wiberg识别物品时需要寻求帮助，可推测他的视力是有缺陷的，受损的。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more accessible, app creators are experimenting with an AI version using tech as well as human volunteers. (随着人工智能变得越来越容易获得，应用程序创建者正在使用技术和人类志愿者来试验人工智能版本。)”可知，因为人工智能的发展，该程序在试验人工智能版本，这说明该产品面临重大改革和发展，由此可推知，划线单词“twist”与D项“一个意想不到的重大发展。”意思相近。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“However, he insists that AI won’t completely replace the volunteers who make Be My Eyes so popular. (然而，他坚持认为人工智能不会完全取代那些让Be My Eyes如此受欢迎的志愿者。)”可知，本文主要探讨的是这款应用程序的各方面情况，属于发明创造，应该来自科学杂志。故选A项。
D
Microplastic pollution is increasing greatly around the globe, according to a study of plastic particles (微粒) carried in the air.
People are already known to breathe, drink and eat microplastics, and research suggests that pollution levels will continue to rise rapidly. The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases.
Professor Natalie Mahowald, at Cornell University in the US and part of the research team, said, “But maybe we could solve this before it becomes a huge problem, if we manage our plastics better, before they accumulate in the environment and move around everywhere.” The research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Acadenry of Sciences, examined airborne (空气传播的) microplastics, which have been far less, studied than plastics in oceans and rivers.
The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. These are likely to include particles from tires and brake pads on vehicles, and plastics from litter that had been broken down.
The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia.
Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.”
12. What can breathing in microplastics result in?
A. Inability to eat and drink. B. Losing the sense of hearing.
C. Suffering from lung diseases. D. Temporary loss of consciousness
13. How does the author organize Paragraph 4?
A. By giving examples. B. By presenting statistics.
C. By making comparisons. D. By making a definition.
14. What may contribute most to the microplastic pollution in India?
A. Human activities. B. Particles from fields.
C. Particles from tires and litter. D. Changes of the environment.
15. What can we learn from Stohl’s words?
A. The nature of microplastic transport is misunderstood.
B. The potential damage of microplastic pollution is ignored.
C. The way of collecting samples of microplastics should be improved.
D. More data needs collecting to understand the sources of microplastics.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在全球所作的一项关于微塑料在空气中污染的调查，发现各国空气中的塑料微粒来源不同，但具体的来源还需要精确的测量数据。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases.”（研究人员表示，吸入这些颗粒物会对肺组织有害，并导致严重疾病。）可知，吸入微塑料会导致肺部疾病。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. （该团队从美国西部的11个地点收集了300多个空气传播的微塑料样本。这些是估计不同来源贡献的大气建模的基础。他们发现，道路是美国西部的主要因素，与空气中约85%的微塑料有关。）可知，本段列举了多个数据，如300 samples、 11 sites和85% of the microplastics in the air，可知作者是通过呈现数据来组织段落的。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia.”（研究人员将他们的建模工作扩展到了全球范围，这表明，虽然道路也可能是欧洲、南美和澳大利亚空气中塑料的主要驱动因素，但在非洲和亚洲，从田地里吹出的塑料颗粒可能是一个更大的因素。）可知，印度属于亚洲国家，印度微塑料污染的可能的主要原因来自田地里的塑料颗粒。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.””（维也纳大学地球科学学院的安德烈亚斯·斯托尔教授说：“这项研究证实了微塑料在大气中传输的全球范围的性质，并很好地突出了高度相关和令人担忧的可能性，但还需要更多的测量数据来更好地了解来源。”）可知，我们从斯托尔的话中了解到的是需要收集更多数据来了解微塑料的来源。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Deciding what to study in college is one of the most important choices a person will make. After all, your college major will likely shape both your academic and professional futures. But with so many options to choose from, how can you be sure you’re making the right choice? ___16___
Figure out what your interests are.
Your college major is one way to pursue your interests and turn them into a career. What are the things that you enjoy doing? What topics do you find yourself naturally drawn to? Once you have a general idea of what interests you, you can start looking at majors along those interests. ___17___ By taking the time to consider your interests, you can narrow down your options.
Consider your passions.
Another place to start is by examining your passions. ___18___ Do you love helping people? A major related to the health care field could be a good fit. If you have something you’re passionate about, pursuing a major in a relevant field is one of the most effective steps you can take to position yourself as a change-maker.
Seek out help from a mentor.
A mentor is someone who has experience in the field and can offer guidance and advice. ___19___ They can help you explore different majors and careers and offer insight into what it takes to succeed in various fields. By talking with a mentor, you can better understand your options and make an informed decision about your future.
Talk to your family and friends.
It can be helpful to talk to your friends and family members about what they think would be a good fit for you. They may offer insights into what you’re good at and what you’re interested in that you didn’t consider. They could know of some resources that you didn’t even know existed. They might have majored in a subject you’re considering and can offer advice or could share their experiences in the workforce. ___20___
A. Here are some tips to help you decide between majors.
B. They can provide information based on their experience.
C. Passions put a fire in your belly and a drive in your heart.
D. Some majors are in high demand, and many jobs are available.
E. With their help, you’ll understand what majors are in demand.
F. Talking to others can help you identify your own interests and passions.
G. For example, if you’re interested in technology, consider a major in IT.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。向读者介绍了如何选择专业的小技巧小建议。
【16题详解】
上文“But with so many options to choose from, how can you be sure you’re making the right choice? (但有这么多选择，你怎么能确定自己做出了正确的选择？)”可知，本文将根据该问题展开，就如何做出正确的专业选择提出建议。选项A“Here are some tips to help you decide between majors. (这里有一些技巧可以帮助你在专业之间做出选择。)”回答了该问题，也引出了下文具体的选专业技巧。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“Once you have a general idea of what interests you, you can start looking at majors along those interests. (一旦你对自己感兴趣的专业有了大致的了解，你就可以开始根据这些兴趣来考虑专业了。)”可知，作者建议要根据自己的兴趣选择专业。选项G“For example, if you’re interested in technology, consider a major in IT. (例如，如果你对技术感兴趣，可以考虑IT专业。)”通过具体例子，对上文加以阐述，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
上文“Another place to start is by examining your passions. (另一个开始的地方是审视你的激情。)”可知，本段从激情这一角度出发谈选专业。选项C“Passions put a fire in your belly and a drive in your heart. (激情在你的肚子里点燃了一把火，在你的心里燃烧。)”指出为什么“审视自己的激情”，是对上文的解释，符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“A mentor is someone who has experience in the field and can offer guidance and advice. (导师是指在该领域有经验并能提供指导和建议的人。)”可知，本段建议读者寻求在某一领域的导师的建议。选项E“With their help, you’ll understand what majors are in demand. (在他们的帮助下，你会了解哪些专业是有需求的。)”指出导师能告知读者该领域需要学习什么专业，这也是寻求导师帮助的原因，故前后语义联系紧密。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文“Talk to your family and friends. (和你的家人和朋友谈谈。)”以及“They might have majored in a subject you’re considering and can offer advice or could share their experiences in the workforce. (他们可能主修你正在考虑的科目，可以提供建议，也可以分享他们在工作中的经验。)”可知，本段建议读者寻求家人和朋友的建议，因为他们可能正学着你考虑的专业。选项B“They can provide information based on their experience. (他们可以根据自己的经验提供信息。)”进一步指出为什么要寻求家人朋友的帮助，符合语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I will never forget the adventure I had last summer. It all started when my friends and I decided to go on a camping trip deep in the forest. We were excited to ___21___ the wilderness and spend time away from our busy lives.
As we set up our tents, we noticed a strange sound coming from the trees. ___22___, we heard a loud roar and saw a huge bear ___23___ toward us! We quickly ___24___ our bags and ran as fast as we could to escape the danger.
After running for several minutes, we ___25___ we were lost in the woods. Our phones had no signal, and we had no idea how to get back to our campsite. As night fell, we built a ___26___ to keep warm and tried to come up with a plan.
Just when we thought things couldn’t get any worse, we heard another sound. This time it was a group of wolves howling in the distance. We knew we had to stay ___27___ and keep the fire going to ___28___ them off.
The next morning, we decided to ___29___ a nearby stream, hoping it would lead us back to ____30____. After hours of walking, we ____31____ a ranger station. The ranger (守林员) was surprised to see us and offered to help us find our way back to our campsite.
We were so ____32____ when we finally made it back to our tents. Despite the danger and ____33____ we faced we were grateful for the experience and the memories we created together.
The adventure taught me the importance of being prepared and staying calm in ____34____ situations. It also ____35____ me of the beauty and power of nature, which we should always respect and appreciate.
21. A. destroy B. explore C. restore D. cross
22. A. Suddenly B. Unfortunately C. Obviously D. Basically
23. A. wandering B. pacing C. hiking D. charging
24. A. threw B. released C. seized D. hatched
25. A. realized B. sustained C. tolerated D. resolved
26. A. shelter B. fire C. house D. blanket
27. A. blank B. sensitive C. violent D. alert
28. A. come B. kick C. let D. scare
29. A. follow B. bridge C. approach D. jolt
30. A. recreation B. harmony C. civilization D. neighborhood
31. A. took over B. broke into C. came across D. went through
32. A. committed B. relieved C. refreshed D. qualified
33. A. opportunities B. jungles C. moods D. hardships
34. A. temporary B. unpredictable C. miserable D. complicated
35. A. accused B. informed C. reminded D. cured
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和朋友去森林深处露营发生的历险故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很兴奋能探索荒野，远离繁忙的生活。A. destroy破坏；B. explore 探索；C. restore 修复；D. cross穿过。根据上文“It all started when my friends and I decided to go on a camping trip deep in the forest. (这一切都始于我和朋友们决定去森林深处露营。)”可知，作者和和朋友去森林深处露营，可称得上探索荒野。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们听到一声巨响，看到一只巨大的熊向我们冲过来！A. Suddenly突然地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Basically根本地。根据上文“As we set up our tents, we noticed a strange sound coming from the trees. (当我们搭帐篷时，我们注意到树上传来奇怪的声音。)”可知，最初作者听到树那边有声音，而此句指出是巨响，因此可推测这巨大的响声是突然出现的。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们听到一声巨响，看到一只巨大的熊向我们冲过来！A. wandering游荡；B. pacing踱步；C. hiking远足；D. charging猛冲。根据下文“and ran as fast as we could to escape the danger (并且以最快的速度跑走，以逃离危险)”可知，作者急忙逃跑，而危险应该就是向他们袭来的熊。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速扔下行李，以最快的速度跑走，以逃离危险。A. threw丢弃；B. released释放；C. seized抓住；D. hatched孵化。根据本句后半句“and ran as fast as we could to escape the danger (并且以最快的速度跑走，以逃离危险)”可知，这是作者逃命的紧急时刻，应该是想不起来抓自己的行李，而是都丢弃了，只管逃走。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：跑了几分钟后，我们意识到自己在树林里迷路了。A. realized意识到；B. sustained维持；C. tolerated忍受；D. resolved解决。根据下文“Our phones had no signal, and we had no idea how to get back to our campsite. (我们的手机没有信号，我们也不知道如何回到营地。)”可知，作者不知道如何回到营地，即他们意识到自己迷路了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜幕降临，我们生火取暖，并试图想出一个计划。A. shelter避难所；B. fire火；C. house房子；D. blanket毯子。根据本句中表目的的不定式“to keep warm (取暖)”可知，生火才能达到取暖的目的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们知道我们必须保持警惕，保持火势以吓跑它们。A. blank空白的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. violent暴力的；D. alert警惕的。根据上文“This time it was a group of wolves howling in the distance. (这一次是一群狼在远处嚎叫。)”可知，一群狼可能要向他们袭来，因此作者必须保持警惕。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道我们必须保持警惕，保持火势以吓跑它们。A. come来；B. kick踢；C. let让；D. scare使害怕。根据本句的“keep the fire (保持火势)”可知，作者取暖用的火在狼群可能来时要保持好，不再是为了取暖，而是应该狼群害怕人类的火，火能把它们吓跑。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我们决定沿着附近的一条小溪走，希望它能带领我们回到有人居住的地方。A. follow跟随；B. bridge架桥；C. approach接近；D. jolt摇动。根据下文“hoping it would lead us back (希望它能带领我们回)”可知，作者希望小溪能把他们带回某地，即他们跟着、沿着溪流的方向走。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recreation娱乐；B. harmony和谐；C. civilization文明；D. neighborhood街坊。根据下文“The ranger (守林员) was surprised to see us and offered to help us find our way back to our campsite. (守林员看到我们很惊讶，主动提出帮我们找到回营地的路。)”可知，他们沿着溪流真的到达了护林站，这与森林深处相比，可以称之为人类的文明之地，而不是森林这样的荒野。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：走了几个小时后，我们遇到了一个护林站。A. took over接管；B. broke into闯入；C. came across偶然发现，偶然遇到；D. went through度过。根据下文“The ranger (守林员) was surprised to see us and offered to help us find our way back to our campsite. (守林员看到我们很惊讶，主动提出帮我们找到回营地的路。)”可知，他们沿着溪流走，真的发现了守林员的护林站。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于回到帐篷时，我们松了一口气。A. committed坚定的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. refreshed精神抖擞的；D. qualified合格的。根据本句的时间状语“When we finally made it back to our tents (当我们终于回到帐篷时)”可知，作者最终回到了帐篷所在地，即脱离了危险，故可推测他们如释重负，放松了下来。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们面临着危险和困难，但我们对我们共同创造的经历和记忆心存感激。A. opportunities机会；B. jungles丛林；C. moods情绪；D. hardships苦难。根据空格前并列的名词“danger(危险)”可知，在这次经历中他们面对了危险，也可称之为苦难。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次冒险教会了我在不可预测的情况下做好准备和保持冷静的重要性。A. temporary暂时的；B. unpredictable无法预测的；C. miserable悲惨的；D. complicated复杂的。根据上文“I will never forget the adventure I had last summer. (我永远不会忘记去年夏天的冒险经历。)”可知，作者认为这次经历是一次冒险，故存在很多不确定因素，无法预测。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也让我想起了大自然的美丽和力量，我们应该永远尊重和欣赏它。A. accused控诉；B. informed告知；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. cured治愈。根据本句主句部分的宾语“the beauty and power of nature (大自然的美丽和力量)”可知，通过这次旅途，作者感受到了大自然的美丽和力量，即是这次旅途提醒了他大自然充满美丽和力量。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paper-making is one of the most significant ___36___ (invent) in human history, and it was first developed in ancient China over 2,000 years ago. This remarkable achievement transformed the way people communicated and recorded information, ___37___ (pave) the way for the birth of modern civilization.
In the early days of paper-making, various materials ___38___ (use) to create paper, including tree bark, hemp, and silk. However, by the 2nd century BC, a more efficient method had been developed using mulberry bark (桑树皮) and other plant fibers.
As word of paper-making spread across China, it quickly became an essential part of everyday life. People used paper for everything ___39___ writing letters and keeping records to creating artwork and printing books. By the 7th century AD, the Chinese had even invented the world’s first movable type printing press, ___40___ enabled them to produce books and other printed materials on a massive scale.
Thanks to paper-making, knowledge and ideas could be shared and preserved like never before. This helped to spur advances in science, medicine, art, and literature, and laid the foundation for many of the cultural and ___41___ (technology) achievements that we take for granted today.
Despite ___42___ (it) importance, paper-making is often overlooked in discussions of China’s cultural heritage. However, efforts are being made ___43___ (preserve) this ancient craft, and there ___44___ (be) a renewed interest in traditional Chinese paper-making techniques in recent years.
Today, visitors to China can see paper-makers at work in small workshops and factories throughout the country. They can also visit museums and historical sites that showcase ____45____ creativity of China’s ancient paper-makers.
【答案】36. inventions
37. paving 38. were used
39. from 40. which
41. technological
42. its 43. to preserve
44. has been
45. the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国造纸术的相关信息。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：造纸是人类历史上最重要的发明之一，它最早在2000多年前的中国古代发展起来。根据句意可知，动词invent“发明”在句中作表语，需要改为名词形式，且因为前有one of the most significant“最重要的之一”，说明发明是有多个的，需要使用复数形式。故填inventions。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这一显著成就改变了人们交流和记录信息的方式，为现代文明的诞生铺平了道路。分析句意可知，动词pave“为…铺平道路”在句中作结果状语，表示造纸术改变人们的交流和记录方式，这自然而然促进人类文明的发展，故应该使用现在分词形式。故填paving。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在造纸的早期，各种材料被用来制造纸张，包括树皮、大麻和丝绸。分析句意可知，动词use“使用”在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“在造纸的早期” ，使用过去式；根据主语materials“材料”可知，谓语动词使用复数形式，且主谓构成被动关系。故填were used。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：从写信、记录到创作艺术品和印刷书籍，人们都使用纸张。分析句意可知，此句使用纸张的内容范围为“从写信到创造艺术品”，故需要使用介词短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。
【40题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：到公元7世纪，中国人甚至发明了世界上第一台活字印刷机，这使他们能够大规模生产书籍和其他印刷材料。分析句意可知，逗号为非限定性定语从句，修饰表示物的先行词the world’s first movable type printing press“世界上第一台活字印刷机”，且定语从句中缺主语，故使用which引导从句符合语境。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这有助于推动科学、医学、艺术和文学的进步，并为我们今天认为理所当然的许多文化和技术成就奠定了基础。分析句意可知，名词technology“技术”在句中作定语修饰achievements“成就”，需要改为形容词形式。故填technological。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管造纸很重要，但在讨论中国文化遗产时，它经常被忽视。分析句意可知，代词it“它”在句中作定语修饰名词importance“重要性”，需要改为形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：然而，人们正在努力保护这一古老的工艺，近年来人们对中国传统造纸技术重新产生了兴趣。分析句意可知，动词preserve“保护”在句中作目的状语，表示付出努力是为了保护这一工艺，应该使用不定式形式。故填to preserve。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：然而，人们正在努力保护这一古老的工艺，近年来人们对中国传统造纸技术重新产生了兴趣。分析句意可知，此处be动词在there be句型中作谓语，主语为空格后的a renewed interest“新的兴趣”，为单数形式，而时间状语in recent years“近年”表明应该使用完成时。故填has been。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们还可以参观展示中国古代造纸师创造力的博物馆和历史遗址。分析句意可知，名词creativity“创造力”在句中特指“中国古代造纸师们”的创造力，故应该使用定冠词the修饰，表示特指。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办以“The Robot I Want”为题的短文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.你想要的机器人的功能；
2.你对机器人的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Robot I Want
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The Robot I Want
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, more and more robots are appearing. I myself also want a robot that can help me solve my problems.
Firstly, my ideal robot needs to be able to mimic my sound so that it can help me answer phone calls and voice messages when I am occupied. In addition, this robot can be capable of cooking since I don’t know how to cook myself.
Robots are a symbol of human progress. I do hope to have useful robots invented.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放性作文。要求考生为英文报“The Robot I Want”为题的短文比赛写稿参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
持续的：continuous→constant
此外：in addition→besides
模仿：mimic→imitate
发明：invent→create
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, more and more robots are appearing.
拓展句：As artificial intelligence is continuously developing, more and more robots are appearing.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I myself also want a robot that can help me solve my problems. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Firstly, my ideal robot needs to be able to mimic my sound so that it can help me answer phone calls and voice messages when I am occupied. (运用了so that引导的目的状语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in high school, I joined the track and field team as a long distance runner. At first, I didn’t think much of it. It was just a way to stay active and maybe make some new friends. But little did I know that decision would change my life forever.
It was the day of the biggest race of the season. The entire school was buzzing with excitement. The stands were packed with parents, students, and even some alumni(校友). The atmosphere was electric, and I felt a mixture of nerves and adrenaline(肾上腺素) running through my veins.
As I stood at the starting line, I took a deep breath and tried to calm my racing heart. I looked around at the other runners, sizing up my competition. They-all looked so confident and poised(蓄势待发), while I felt small and insignificant.
The gun went off, and we were of. I tried to keep pace with the others, but I quickly fell behind. My legs felt heavy, and my breathing was labored. I wanted to give up, to just stop running and walk off the track. But then, something miraculous happened.
I heard someone cheering for me. It was my best friend, who had come to watch the race. She was shouting my name and clapping her hands, urging me to keep going. It was like a switch had flipped inside of me. I suddenly felt a surge of energy, and I picked up the pace.
I started passing other runners, one by one. I could hear them grunting and panting, trying to keep up, but I pushed myself harder. I felt like I was flying, like I could run forever. And before I knew it, I had crossed the finish line.
I was in shock. I had done it. I had won the race. My teammates and coaches were all congratulating me, but I didn’t really hear them. All I could think about was how one person’s support had changed everything for me.
注意：1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After the race, everything was different.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Besides these changes the race taught me a valuable lesson.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After the race, everything was different. From that day on, I approached everything in my life with a new sense of determination and confidence. I no longer underestimated myself or my abilities. Instead, I tackled challenges head-on, knowing that with hard work and perseverance, I could achieve anything. I felt strong and capable. I started training harder and pushing myself to new limits. What’s more, the friend who had cheered for me became my biggest cheerleader, coming to every race and shouting words of encouragement.
Besides these changes, the race taught me a valuable lesson. It taught me the power of being confident and the importance of having a support system. Sometimes what it takes to make all the difference is one person to believe in you. It doesn’t matter how big or small their support may seem. It can be a simple word of encouragement, a pat on the back, or even just a smile. But that support can change your life. And for that, I am forever grateful.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在参加完学校的长跑比赛并得了第一名后，他在生活中对自己有了全新的认识导致生活发生了改变，以及从这件事上获得的宝贵经验的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在比赛之后一切都不同了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在这件事后对自我的重新认识和发生的改变。
②由第二段首句内容“除了这些变化，比赛给我上了宝贵的一课。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这次比赛之中获得的感悟。
2.续写线索：重新认识自我——获得信心和力量——努力训练——得到朋友的支持——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①实现：achieve/realize
②开始：start/begin
③改变：change/shift
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/appreciative
②能力的：capable/competent
【点睛】[高分句型1]What’s more, the friend who had cheered for me became my biggest cheerleader, coming to every race and shouting words of encouragement.（由关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]It doesn’t matter how big or small their support may seem.（由连接副词how引导的宾语从句，作matter的宾语）
新时代NT名校联合体2022-2023学年第二学期期中考试
高二英语
注意事项：
1.本试卷考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the man go back home?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Making breakfast. B. Going shopping. C. Buying eggs and fruit.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the company. B. At the airport. C. On the plane.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Cousins. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues.
5. Why will the man need to drive slowly?
A. He will pull over. B. He is too tired. C. He is speeding.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman mainly complaining about?
A. Her demanding boss. B. Her boring job. C. Her tired body.
7. What does the woman think of her job?
A. Interesting but challenging.
B. Relaxing but meaningless.
C. Tiring but well-paid.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the morning. B. In the evening. C. In the afternoon.
9. How much is the woman going to pay in total?
A. ¥ 70. B. ¥ 100. C. ¥ 130.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where is the woman from?
A. Madrid. B. Cordoba. C. Seville.
11 What is the woman’s major?
A. Psychology. B. Physiology. C. Medicine.
12. What does the woman like to do best in her spare time?
A. Visit friends. B. Play tennis. C. Dance.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the man feel about the meeting?
A. Ridiculous. B. Interesting. C. Meaningless.
14. What will the man do this evening?
A. Collect rubbish. B. Go cycling. C. Write a letter.
15. What does the woman say about the environment?
A. The environmental problems are worrying.
B. Global warming and pollution can be ignored.
C. People should be more active about the environment.
16. What will the speakers do next?
A. Invite Kate to have dinner.
B Ask someone else for help.
C. Put up the poster all over the city.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Why today’s students need exercise.
B. What courses today’s students prefer.
C. How today’s students spend their money.
18. What may Collin be interested in?
A. Making tools. B. Designing shoes. C. Climbing mountains.
19. How does Diana try to save money?
A. By making her own clothes.
B. By living in a flat with heating.
C. By selling her clothes to other students.
20. What does Jack spend much money on?
A. Food. B. Rent. C. Clothes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Australia is a fantastic country that boasts a variety of breathtaking natural attractions and cultural hot spots. Here are some of the best tourist destinations to visit in Australia.
The Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most iconic natural wonders of the world, located off the coast of Queensland. It is the world’s largest coral reef system, home to over 1,500 species of fish and hundreds of different types of coral. Visitors can snorkel or scuba dive to explore the vibrant underwater ecosystem, or take a scenic flight above the reef for a bird’s eye view.
Ayers Rock
Ayers Rock is a large sandstone rock formation located in the heart of the Australian outback (内陆). It is sacred to native Australians, who have lived in the area for over 10,000 years. Visitors can take guided tours to learn about the history and cultural significance of Ayers Rock, or hike around the base of the rock to see its impressive size up close.
Sydney Opera House
Sydney Opera House is undoubtedly one of Australia’s most recognizable landmarks. Completed in 1973, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a masterpiece of modern architecture. Visitors can take a guided tour to learn about the building’s history and design, or attend a performance in one of its many theaters.
The Great Ocean Road
The Great Ocean Road is a scenic coastal drive that stretches over 240 kilometers along the southern coast of Victoria. It offers stunning views of rough cliffs, primitive beaches, and towering rock formations like the twelve apostles (使徒). Visitors can stop at lookout points along the way, or take a helicopter ride for a truly unforgettable experience.
1. Where can people go to see diverse marine life?
A. Ayers Rock. B. The Great Ocean Road.
C. Sydney Opera House. D. The Great Barrier Reef.
2. What do we know about Ayers Rock?
A. Its landscape was made by hand.
B. It has a history of over 10,000 years.
C. Guided tours are available at Ayers Rock.
D. UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site.
3. What can impress a tourist on the Great Ocean Road?
A. Taking a flight above the road. B. Attending a theater performance.
C. Driving along the coast. D. Diving into the deep sea.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了澳大利亚几个著名景点。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Visitors can snorkel or scuba dive to explore the vibrant underwater ecosystem, or take a scenic flight above the reef for a bird’s eye view. (游客可以浮潜或水肺潜水，探索充满活力的水下生态系统，也可以在珊瑚礁上方进行风景优美的飞行，欣赏鸟瞰图。)”可知，在大堡礁，游客可以潜水探索水下生态系统，因此肯定能看到大量的海洋生物。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Visitors can take guided tours to learn about the history and cultural significance of Ayers Rock, or hike around the base of the rock to see its impressive size up close. (游客可以在导游的带领下了解艾尔斯岩的历史和文化意义，也可以在岩石底部徒步旅行，近距离观察其令人印象深刻的大小。)”可知，在艾尔斯山，游客能够体验导游带队游览。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Visitors can stop at lookout points along the way, or take a helicopter ride for a truly unforgettable experience. (游客可以在沿途的了望点停留，或者乘坐直升机，享受真正难忘的体验。)”可知，在大洋路，游客可以乘坐直升机，这是令人难忘的体验，让人印象深刻。故选A项。
B
For many people, Christmas is a time to cozy up inside with yummy treats and pretty decorations while the snow falls outside. However, people living in nursing homes often have few family members to celebrate with.
In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. She said, “I just got this idea in my head to call two nursing homes at random and ask if my mother and I could come and read ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas.’” The nursing homes were more than happy to welcome her in and the residents of those homes were equally thrilled. Thus, her holiday tradition started.
To go along with the book reading, Patricia brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals so the senior residents could hold them while she read the story.
But, when it was time to pack up and go to the next nursing home, Patricia found that no one wanted to give the stuffed animals back! She said, “It was just a nursing home with a lot of elderly people sitting in wheelchairs. And all of a sudden, the whole room became alive with jingling bells and they really didn’t want to give them back because they thought we had given them a gift.”
Seeing the joy that a simple present can bring, Patricia had the idea to gather stuffed animals and dolls as a gift for senior citizens living in nursing homes. Then, she put an ad up for gently used stuffed animals on a website. It wasn’t long before the local communities and schools started hosting stuffed animal collections on her behalf. In just two years, she collected more than 11,000 stuffed animals to gift people!
With so many stuffed animals, Patricia started offering gifts to people living in homes for veterans (退伍军人) as well. She said, “These stuffed animals not only bring people joy, but bring back the memories of their childhood and give them some comfort.”
4. What did Patricia do in 2009 according to the passage?
A. She found a good job in a nursing home.
B. She spent her holiday reading for the elderly.
C. She visited her best friends in a nursing home.
D. She sent some cute animals to lonely strangers.
5. Why did the seniors refuse to give stuffed animals back?
A. The stuffed animals were broken.
B. The stuffed animals were donated by others.
C. They wanted to purchase the stuffed animals.
D. They regarded the stuffed animals as their gifts.
6. Which of the following can best describe Patricia?
A. Sympathetic and generous. B. Influential and creative.
C Enthusiastic and genuine. D. Ambitious and. humble.
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A Nursing Home Is Many People’s Home
B. The Elderly Deserve More Care And Love
C. A Woman Gifts Stuffed Animals to Senior Citizens
D. A Family Tradition Helps Hundreds of Lonely People
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了富有同情心的Patricia女士在节日里陪伴养老院的老人，给他们阅读和送毛绒玩具的善人善举。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. (2009年，费城的Patricia Gallagher意识到了这一点，于是她决定把一本圣诞书带到不同的养老院，为人们阅读。)”可知，她在2009年做的事情应该包括在圣诞节的时候去养老院为老人读书。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And all of a sudden, the whole room became alive with jingling bells and they really didn’t want to give them back because they thought we had given them a gift. (突然间，整个房间都充满了叮当作响的铃声，他们真的不想还给他们，因为他们认为我们给了他们一份礼物。)”可知，老人之所以不肯退回毛绒玩具，是因为他们以为这是礼物。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. (2009年，费城的Patricia Gallagher意识到了这一点，于是她决定把一本圣诞书带到不同的养老院，为人们阅读。)”和第三段“To go along with the book reading, Patricia brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals so the senior residents could hold them while she read the story. (为了配合读书，Patricia带了一些她的孩子们的毛绒玩具，这样老年居民就可以在她读故事时抱着它们。)”可知，她富有同情心，愿意把自己的假日时间花在陪伴养老院里的老人上，而且很慷慨大方，把自己孩子的玩具也贡献出来了。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本文最后一段“With so many stuffed animals, Patricia started offering gifts to people living in homes for veterans (退伍军人) as well. She said, “These stuffed animals not only bring people joy, but bring back the memories of their childhood and give them some comfort.”. (有了这么多毛绒玩具，Patricia也开始向住在退伍军人之家的人提供礼物。她说：“这些毛绒动物不仅给人们带来了欢乐，还带回了他们童年的记忆，给他们一些安慰。”)”可知，本文主要讲述富有同情心的Patricia女士为老人阅读并送上填充毛绒玩具的善人善举。故选C项。
C
Brian Fischler is blind. He can tell whether it’s light or dark outside, but that’s about it.
“I grew up sighted like everybody, and I was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa (视网膜色素变性) at 13,” Fischler says. “And for me, the lights went out about 2009.” Fischler, a New York-based stand-up comedian, has used the app Be My Eyes since it first came out eight years ago. It relies on sighted volunteers to do tasks like describing holiday cards sent in the mail, or telling you whether that can in your cupboard is coconut milk or chicken soup.
Hans Wiberg, a Danish furniture craftsman, created the app after he got tired of calling his friends and family to ask for help to identify things. He spent a couple of years developing it, and the app was launched in 2015.
But eight years later, there’s a twist. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more accessible, app creators are experimenting with an AI version using tech as well as human volunteers. Be My Eyes CEO Mike Buckley says the argument for AI is that it can do things people cannot. Buckley says, “You can tap into the AI and say, ‘How do I connect to my Sony stereo?’ and furthermore, you can take a picture of your refrigerator and it not only tells you what all the ingredients are but it tells you what you can make for dinner.”
However, he insists that AI won’t completely replace the volunteers who make Be My Eyes so popular. “I hope it ends up being 50-50 because I do think that there is going to be a desire for continued human connection,” Buckley says, “There’s some volunteer feedback we’ve gotten, for example, when they actually get a call they talk about it as the best day of their week.”
8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?
A. To bring in the topic. B. To give an example.
C. To introduce a blind man. D. To provide background information.
9. What can be inferred about Wiberg?
A. He might come from America.
B. He might be visually impaired.
C. He was born sighted like ordinary people.
D. He was diagnosed with some deadly disease.
10. What does the underlined word “twist” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. A novel and expensive invention.
B. An efficient and powerful replacement.
C. A superior and demanding application.
D. An unexpected and significant development.
11. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A science magazine. B. A diary entry.
C. A travel website. D. A research paper.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了应用程序Be My Eyes的发展历程。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fischler, a New York-based stand-up comedian, has used the app Be My Eyes since it first came out eight years ago. (Fischler是一位纽约的单口喜剧演员，自八年前首次推出Be My Eyes应用程序以来，他一直在使用该应用程序。)”可知，本文主要介绍Be My Eyes这一款应用程序。因此第一段提及该程序的用户之一——失明的Fischler仅能辨别是暗还是亮的目的是引出下文话题：该应用程序。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Hans Wiberg, a Danish furniture craftsman, created the app after he got tired of calling his friends and family to ask for help to identify things. (丹麦家具工匠Hans Wiberg在厌倦了给朋友和家人打电话寻求帮助来识别物品后，创建了这款应用程序。)”可知，Wiberg识别物品时需要寻求帮助，可推测他的视力是有缺陷的，受损的。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more accessible, app creators are experimenting with an AI version using tech as well as human volunteers. (随着人工智能变得越来越容易获得，应用程序创建者正在使用技术和人类志愿者来试验人工智能版本。)”可知，因为人工智能的发展，该程序在试验人工智能版本，这说明该产品面临重大改革和发展，由此可推知，划线单词“twist”与D项“一个意想不到的重大发展。”意思相近。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“However, he insists that AI won’t completely replace the volunteers who make Be My Eyes so popular. (然而，他坚持认为人工智能不会完全取代那些让Be My Eyes如此受欢迎的志愿者。)”可知，本文主要探讨的是这款应用程序的各方面情况，属于发明创造，应该来自科学杂志。故选A项。
D
Microplastic pollution is increasing greatly around the globe, according to a study of plastic particles (微粒) carried in the air.
People are already known to breathe, drink and eat microplastics, and research suggests that pollution levels will continue to rise rapidly. The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases.
Professor Natalie Mahowald, at Cornell University in the US and part of the research team, said, “But maybe we could solve this before it becomes a huge problem, if we manage our plastics better, before they accumulate in the environment and move around everywhere.” The research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Acadenry of Sciences, examined airborne (空气传播的) microplastics, which have been far less, studied than plastics in oceans and rivers.
The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. These are likely to include particles from tires and brake pads on vehicles, and plastics from litter that had been broken down.
The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia.
Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.”
12. What can breathing in microplastics result in?
A. Inability to eat and drink. B. Losing the sense of hearing.
C. Suffering from lung diseases. D. Temporary loss of consciousness
13. How does the author organize Paragraph 4?
A. By giving examples. B. By presenting statistics.
C. By making comparisons. D. By making a definition.
14. What may contribute most to the microplastic pollution in India?
A. Human activities. B. Particles from fields.
C. Particles from tires and litter. D. Changes of the environment.
15. What can we learn from Stohl’s words?
A. The nature of microplastic transport is misunderstood.
B. The potential damage of microplastic pollution is ignored.
C. The way of collecting samples of microplastics should be improved.
D. More data needs collecting to understand the sources of microplastics.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在全球所作的一项关于微塑料在空气中污染的调查，发现各国空气中的塑料微粒来源不同，但具体的来源还需要精确的测量数据。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases.”（研究人员表示，吸入这些颗粒物会对肺组织有害，并导致严重疾病。）可知，吸入微塑料会导致肺部疾病。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. （该团队从美国西部的11个地点收集了300多个空气传播的微塑料样本。这些是估计不同来源贡献的大气建模的基础。他们发现，道路是美国西部的主要因素，与空气中约85%的微塑料有关。）可知，本段列举了多个数据，如300 samples、 11 sites和85% of the microplastics in the air，可知作者是通过呈现数据来组织段落的。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia.”（研究人员将他们的建模工作扩展到了全球范围，这表明，虽然道路也可能是欧洲、南美和澳大利亚空气中塑料的主要驱动因素，但在非洲和亚洲，从田地里吹出的塑料颗粒可能是一个更大的因素。）可知，印度属于亚洲国家，印度微塑料污染的可能的主要原因来自田地里的塑料颗粒。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.””（维也纳大学地球科学学院的安德烈亚斯·斯托尔教授说：“这项研究证实了微塑料在大气中传输的全球范围的性质，并很好地突出了高度相关和令人担忧的可能性，但还需要更多的测量数据来更好地了解来源。”）可知，我们从斯托尔的话中了解到的是需要收集更多数据来了解微塑料的来源。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Deciding what to study in college is one of the most important choices a person will make. After all, your college major will likely shape both your academic and professional futures. But with so many options to choose from, how can you be sure you’re making the right choice? ___16___
Figure out what your interests are.
Your college major is one way to pursue your interests and turn them into a career. What are the things that you enjoy doing? What topics do you find yourself naturally drawn to? Once you have a general idea of what interests you, you can start looking at majors along those interests. ___17___ By taking the time to consider your interests, you can narrow down your options.
Consider your passions.
Another place to start is by examining your passions. ___18___ Do you love helping people? A major related to the health care field could be a good fit. If you have something you’re passionate about, pursuing a major in a relevant field is one of the most effective steps you can take to position yourself as a change-maker.
Seek out help from a mentor.
A mentor is someone who has experience in the field and can offer guidance and advice. ___19___ They can help you explore different majors and careers and offer insight into what it takes to succeed in various fields. By talking with a mentor, you can better understand your options and make an informed decision about your future.
Talk to your family and friends.
It can be helpful to talk to your friends and family members about what they think would be a good fit for you. They may offer insights into what you’re good at and what you’re interested in that you didn’t consider. They could know of some resources that you didn’t even know existed. They might have majored in a subject you’re considering and can offer advice or could share their experiences in the workforce. ___20___
A. Here are some tips to help you decide between majors.
B. They can provide information based on their experience.
C. Passions put a fire in your belly and a drive in your heart.
D. Some majors are in high demand, and many jobs are available.
E. With their help, you’ll understand what majors are in demand.
F. Talking to others can help you identify your own interests and passions.
G. For example, if you’re interested in technology, consider a major in IT.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。向读者介绍了如何选择专业的小技巧小建议。
【16题详解】
上文“But with so many options to choose from, how can you be sure you’re making the right choice? (但有这么多选择，你怎么能确定自己做出了正确的选择？)”可知，本文将根据该问题展开，就如何做出正确的专业选择提出建议。选项A“Here are some tips to help you decide between majors. (这里有一些技巧可以帮助你在专业之间做出选择。)”回答了该问题，也引出了下文具体的选专业技巧。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“Once you have a general idea of what interests you, you can start looking at majors along those interests. (一旦你对自己感兴趣的专业有了大致的了解，你就可以开始根据这些兴趣来考虑专业了。)”可知，作者建议要根据自己的兴趣选择专业。选项G“For example, if you’re interested in technology, consider a major in IT. (例如，如果你对技术感兴趣，可以考虑IT专业。)”通过具体例子，对上文加以阐述，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
上文“Another place to start is by examining your passions. (另一个开始的地方是审视你的激情。)”可知，本段从激情这一角度出发谈选专业。选项C“Passions put a fire in your belly and a drive in your heart. (激情在你的肚子里点燃了一把火，在你的心里燃烧。)”指出为什么“审视自己的激情”，是对上文的解释，符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“A mentor is someone who has experience in the field and can offer guidance and advice. (导师是指在该领域有经验并能提供指导和建议的人。)”可知，本段建议读者寻求在某一领域的导师的建议。选项E“With their help, you’ll understand what majors are in demand. (在他们的帮助下，你会了解哪些专业是有需求的。)”指出导师能告知读者该领域需要学习什么专业，这也是寻求导师帮助的原因，故前后语义联系紧密。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文“Talk to your family and friends. (和你的家人和朋友谈谈。)”以及“They might have majored in a subject you’re considering and can offer advice or could share their experiences in the workforce. (他们可能主修你正在考虑的科目，可以提供建议，也可以分享他们在工作中的经验。)”可知，本段建议读者寻求家人和朋友的建议，因为他们可能正学着你考虑的专业。选项B“They can provide information based on their experience. (他们可以根据自己的经验提供信息。)”进一步指出为什么要寻求家人朋友的帮助，符合语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I will never forget the adventure I had last summer. It all started when my friends and I decided to go on a camping trip deep in the forest. We were excited to ___21___ the wilderness and spend time away from our busy lives.
As we set up our tents, we noticed a strange sound coming from the trees. ___22___, we heard a loud roar and saw a huge bear ___23___ toward us! We quickly ___24___ our bags and ran as fast as we could to escape the danger.
After running for several minutes, we ___25___ we were lost in the woods. Our phones had no signal, and we had no idea how to get back to our campsite. As night fell, we built a ___26___ to keep warm and tried to come up with a plan.
Just when we thought things couldn’t get any worse, we heard another sound. This time it was a group of wolves howling in the distance. We knew we had to stay ___27___ and keep the fire going to ___28___ them off.
The next morning, we decided to ___29___ a nearby stream, hoping it would lead us back to ____30____. After hours of walking, we ____31____ a ranger station. The ranger (守林员) was surprised to see us and offered to help us find our way back to our campsite.
We were so ____32____ when we finally made it back to our tents. Despite the danger and ____33____ we faced we were grateful for the experience and the memories we created together.
The adventure taught me the importance of being prepared and staying calm in ____34____ situations. It also ____35____ me of the beauty and power of nature, which we should always respect and appreciate.
21. A. destroy B. explore C. restore D. cross
22. A. Suddenly B. Unfortunately C. Obviously D. Basically
23. A. wandering B. pacing C. hiking D. charging
24. A. threw B. released C. seized D. hatched
25. A. realized B. sustained C. tolerated D. resolved
26. A. shelter B. fire C. house D. blanket
27. A. blank B. sensitive C. violent D. alert
28. A. come B. kick C. let D. scare
29. A. follow B. bridge C. approach D. jolt
30. A. recreation B. harmony C. civilization D. neighborhood
31. A. took over B. broke into C. came across D. went through
32. A. committed B. relieved C. refreshed D. qualified
33. A. opportunities B. jungles C. moods D. hardships
34. A. temporary B. unpredictable C. miserable D. complicated
35. A. accused B. informed C. reminded D. cured
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和朋友去森林深处露营发生的历险故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很兴奋能探索荒野，远离繁忙的生活。A. destroy破坏；B. explore 探索；C. restore 修复；D. cross穿过。根据上文“It all started when my friends and I decided to go on a camping trip deep in the forest. (这一切都始于我和朋友们决定去森林深处露营。)”可知，作者和和朋友去森林深处露营，可称得上探索荒野。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们听到一声巨响，看到一只巨大的熊向我们冲过来！A. Suddenly突然地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Basically根本地。根据上文“As we set up our tents, we noticed a strange sound coming from the trees. (当我们搭帐篷时，我们注意到树上传来奇怪的声音。)”可知，最初作者听到树那边有声音，而此句指出是巨响，因此可推测这巨大的响声是突然出现的。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们听到一声巨响，看到一只巨大的熊向我们冲过来！A. wandering游荡；B. pacing踱步；C. hiking远足；D. charging猛冲。根据下文“and ran as fast as we could to escape the danger (并且以最快的速度跑走，以逃离危险)”可知，作者急忙逃跑，而危险应该就是向他们袭来的熊。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速扔下行李，以最快的速度跑走，以逃离危险。A. threw丢弃；B. released释放；C. seized抓住；D. hatched孵化。根据本句后半句“and ran as fast as we could to escape the danger (并且以最快的速度跑走，以逃离危险)”可知，这是作者逃命的紧急时刻，应该是想不起来抓自己的行李，而是都丢弃了，只管逃走。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：跑了几分钟后，我们意识到自己在树林里迷路了。A. realized意识到；B. sustained维持；C. tolerated忍受；D. resolved解决。根据下文“Our phones had no signal, and we had no idea how to get back to our campsite. (我们的手机没有信号，我们也不知道如何回到营地。)”可知，作者不知道如何回到营地，即他们意识到自己迷路了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜幕降临，我们生火取暖，并试图想出一个计划。A. shelter避难所；B. fire火；C. house房子；D. blanket毯子。根据本句中表目的的不定式“to keep warm (取暖)”可知，生火才能达到取暖的目的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们知道我们必须保持警惕，保持火势以吓跑它们。A. blank空白的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. violent暴力的；D. alert警惕的。根据上文“This time it was a group of wolves howling in the distance. (这一次是一群狼在远处嚎叫。)”可知，一群狼可能要向他们袭来，因此作者必须保持警惕。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道我们必须保持警惕，保持火势以吓跑它们。A. come来；B. kick踢；C. let让；D. scare使害怕。根据本句的“keep the fire (保持火势)”可知，作者取暖用的火在狼群可能来时要保持好，不再是为了取暖，而是应该狼群害怕人类的火，火能把它们吓跑。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我们决定沿着附近的一条小溪走，希望它能带领我们回到有人居住的地方。A. follow跟随；B. bridge架桥；C. approach接近；D. jolt摇动。根据下文“hoping it would lead us back (希望它能带领我们回)”可知，作者希望小溪能把他们带回某地，即他们跟着、沿着溪流的方向走。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recreation娱乐；B. harmony和谐；C. civilization文明；D. neighborhood街坊。根据下文“The ranger (守林员) was surprised to see us and offered to help us find our way back to our campsite. (守林员看到我们很惊讶，主动提出帮我们找到回营地的路。)”可知，他们沿着溪流真的到达了护林站，这与森林深处相比，可以称之为人类的文明之地，而不是森林这样的荒野。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：走了几个小时后，我们遇到了一个护林站。A. took over接管；B. broke into闯入；C. came across偶然发现，偶然遇到；D. went through度过。根据下文“The ranger (守林员) was surprised to see us and offered to help us find our way back to our campsite. (守林员看到我们很惊讶，主动提出帮我们找到回营地的路。)”可知，他们沿着溪流走，真的发现了守林员的护林站。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于回到帐篷时，我们松了一口气。A. committed坚定的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. refreshed精神抖擞的；D. qualified合格的。根据本句的时间状语“When we finally made it back to our tents (当我们终于回到帐篷时)”可知，作者最终回到了帐篷所在地，即脱离了危险，故可推测他们如释重负，放松了下来。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们面临着危险和困难，但我们对我们共同创造的经历和记忆心存感激。A. opportunities机会；B. jungles丛林；C. moods情绪；D. hardships苦难。根据空格前并列的名词“danger(危险)”可知，在这次经历中他们面对了危险，也可称之为苦难。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次冒险教会了我在不可预测的情况下做好准备和保持冷静的重要性。A. temporary暂时的；B. unpredictable无法预测的；C. miserable悲惨的；D. complicated复杂的。根据上文“I will never forget the adventure I had last summer. (我永远不会忘记去年夏天的冒险经历。)”可知，作者认为这次经历是一次冒险，故存在很多不确定因素，无法预测。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也让我想起了大自然的美丽和力量，我们应该永远尊重和欣赏它。A. accused控诉；B. informed告知；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. cured治愈。根据本句主句部分的宾语“the beauty and power of nature (大自然的美丽和力量)”可知，通过这次旅途，作者感受到了大自然的美丽和力量，即是这次旅途提醒了他大自然充满美丽和力量。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paper-making is one of the most significant ___36___ (invent) in human history, and it was first developed in ancient China over 2,000 years ago. This remarkable achievement transformed the way people communicated and recorded information, ___37___ (pave) the way for the birth of modern civilization.
In the early days of paper-making, various materials ___38___ (use) to create paper, including tree bark, hemp, and silk. However, by the 2nd century BC, a more efficient method had been developed using mulberry bark (桑树皮) and other plant fibers.
As word of paper-making spread across China, it quickly became an essential part of everyday life. People used paper for everything ___39___ writing letters and keeping records to creating artwork and printing books. By the 7th century AD, the Chinese had even invented the world’s first movable type printing press, ___40___ enabled them to produce books and other printed materials on a massive scale.
Thanks to paper-making, knowledge and ideas could be shared and preserved like never before. This helped to spur advances in science, medicine, art, and literature, and laid the foundation for many of the cultural and ___41___ (technology) achievements that we take for granted today.
Despite ___42___ (it) importance, paper-making is often overlooked in discussions of China’s cultural heritage. However, efforts are being made ___43___ (preserve) this ancient craft, and there ___44___ (be) a renewed interest in traditional Chinese paper-making techniques in recent years.
Today, visitors to China can see paper-makers at work in small workshops and factories throughout the country. They can also visit museums and historical sites that showcase ____45____ creativity of China’s ancient paper-makers.
【答案】36. inventions
37. paving 38. were used
39. from 40. which
41. technological
42. its 43. to preserve
44. has been
45. the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国造纸术的相关信息。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：造纸是人类历史上最重要的发明之一，它最早在2000多年前的中国古代发展起来。根据句意可知，动词invent“发明”在句中作表语，需要改为名词形式，且因为前有one of the most significant“最重要的之一”，说明发明是有多个的，需要使用复数形式。故填inventions。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这一显著成就改变了人们交流和记录信息的方式，为现代文明的诞生铺平了道路。分析句意可知，动词pave“为…铺平道路”在句中作结果状语，表示造纸术改变人们的交流和记录方式，这自然而然促进人类文明的发展，故应该使用现在分词形式。故填paving。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在造纸的早期，各种材料被用来制造纸张，包括树皮、大麻和丝绸。分析句意可知，动词use“使用”在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“在造纸的早期” ，使用过去式；根据主语materials“材料”可知，谓语动词使用复数形式，且主谓构成被动关系。故填were used。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：从写信、记录到创作艺术品和印刷书籍，人们都使用纸张。分析句意可知，此句使用纸张的内容范围为“从写信到创造艺术品”，故需要使用介词短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。
【40题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：到公元7世纪，中国人甚至发明了世界上第一台活字印刷机，这使他们能够大规模生产书籍和其他印刷材料。分析句意可知，逗号为非限定性定语从句，修饰表示物的先行词the world’s first movable type printing press“世界上第一台活字印刷机”，且定语从句中缺主语，故使用which引导从句符合语境。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这有助于推动科学、医学、艺术和文学的进步，并为我们今天认为理所当然的许多文化和技术成就奠定了基础。分析句意可知，名词technology“技术”在句中作定语修饰achievements“成就”，需要改为形容词形式。故填technological。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管造纸很重要，但在讨论中国文化遗产时，它经常被忽视。分析句意可知，代词it“它”在句中作定语修饰名词importance“重要性”，需要改为形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：然而，人们正在努力保护这一古老的工艺，近年来人们对中国传统造纸技术重新产生了兴趣。分析句意可知，动词preserve“保护”在句中作目的状语，表示付出努力是为了保护这一工艺，应该使用不定式形式。故填to preserve。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：然而，人们正在努力保护这一古老的工艺，近年来人们对中国传统造纸技术重新产生了兴趣。分析句意可知，此处be动词在there be句型中作谓语，主语为空格后的a renewed interest“新的兴趣”，为单数形式，而时间状语in recent years“近年”表明应该使用完成时。故填has been。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们还可以参观展示中国古代造纸师创造力的博物馆和历史遗址。分析句意可知，名词creativity“创造力”在句中特指“中国古代造纸师们”的创造力，故应该使用定冠词the修饰，表示特指。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办以“The Robot I Want”为题的短文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.你想要的机器人的功能；
2.你对机器人的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Robot I Want
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The Robot I Want
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, more and more robots are appearing. I myself also want a robot that can help me solve my problems.
Firstly, my ideal robot needs to be able to mimic my sound so that it can help me answer phone calls and voice messages when I am occupied. In addition, this robot can be capable of cooking since I don’t know how to cook myself.
Robots are a symbol of human progress. I do hope to have useful robots invented.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放性作文。要求考生为英文报“The Robot I Want”为题的短文比赛写稿参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
持续的：continuous→constant
此外：in addition→besides
模仿：mimic→imitate
发明：invent→create
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, more and more robots are appearing.
拓展句：As artificial intelligence is continuously developing, more and more robots are appearing.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I myself also want a robot that can help me solve my problems. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Firstly, my ideal robot needs to be able to mimic my sound so that it can help me answer phone calls and voice messages when I am occupied. (运用了so that引导的目的状语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in high school, I joined the track and field team as a long distance runner. At first, I didn’t think much of it. It was just a way to stay active and maybe make some new friends. But little did I know that decision would change my life forever.
It was the day of the biggest race of the season. The entire school was buzzing with excitement. The stands were packed with parents, students, and even some alumni(校友). The atmosphere was electric, and I felt a mixture of nerves and adrenaline(肾上腺素) running through my veins.
As I stood at the starting line, I took a deep breath and tried to calm my racing heart. I looked around at the other runners, sizing up my competition. They-all looked so confident and poised(蓄势待发), while I felt small and insignificant.
The gun went off, and we were of. I tried to keep pace with the others, but I quickly fell behind. My legs felt heavy, and my breathing was labored. I wanted to give up, to just stop running and walk off the track. But then, something miraculous happened.
I heard someone cheering for me. It was my best friend, who had come to watch the race. She was shouting my name and clapping her hands, urging me to keep going. It was like a switch had flipped inside of me. I suddenly felt a surge of energy, and I picked up the pace.
I started passing other runners, one by one. I could hear them grunting and panting, trying to keep up, but I pushed myself harder. I felt like I was flying, like I could run forever. And before I knew it, I had crossed the finish line.
I was in shock. I had done it. I had won the race. My teammates and coaches were all congratulating me, but I didn’t really hear them. All I could think about was how one person’s support had changed everything for me.
注意：1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After the race, everything was different.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Besides these changes the race taught me a valuable lesson.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After the race, everything was different. From that day on, I approached everything in my life with a new sense of determination and confidence. I no longer underestimated myself or my abilities. Instead, I tackled challenges head-on, knowing that with hard work and perseverance, I could achieve anything. I felt strong and capable. I started training harder and pushing myself to new limits. What’s more, the friend who had cheered for me became my biggest cheerleader, coming to every race and shouting words of encouragement.
Besides these changes, the race taught me a valuable lesson. It taught me the power of being confident and the importance of having a support system. Sometimes what it takes to make all the difference is one person to believe in you. It doesn’t matter how big or small their support may seem. It can be a simple word of encouragement, a pat on the back, or even just a smile. But that support can change your life. And for that, I am forever grateful.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在参加完学校的长跑比赛并得了第一名后，他在生活中对自己有了全新的认识导致生活发生了改变，以及从这件事上获得的宝贵经验的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在比赛之后一切都不同了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在这件事后对自我的重新认识和发生的改变。
②由第二段首句内容“除了这些变化，比赛给我上了宝贵的一课。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这次比赛之中获得的感悟。
2.续写线索：重新认识自我——获得信心和力量——努力训练——得到朋友的支持——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①实现：achieve/realize
②开始：start/begin
③改变：change/shift
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/appreciative
②能力的：capable/competent
【点睛】[高分句型1]What’s more, the friend who had cheered for me became my biggest cheerleader, coming to every race and shouting words of encouragement.（由关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]It doesn’t matter how big or small their support may seem.（由连接副词how引导的宾语从句，作matter的宾语）
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