浙江高考英语完形填空专项训练

这是一份浙江高考英语完形填空专项训练，共35页。

完形填空
Nick was troubled and aimless. Then one night, everything changed.
At first, it was just faint light as Nick drove past a two-story house. Then he realized the house was on fire. He immediately pulled up to investigate. 1 was climbing up the front porch. Hurrying out of the 2 , he yelled, “Help, fire!” A car drove past and Nick tried to 3 it to stop, but in vain.
He ran to the back door, sure it would be 4 . To his amazement, it swung open. Without 5 , Nick ran inside, peering into rooms to see if anyone was home. He had just started climbing when he 6 and saw four faces emerge at the top of the stairs. After Nick’s warning, they came pouring down and rushed out
“Anybody else in there?” Nick asked. When told a 6-year-old was still in, he ran back. By now, the whole house was in flames. The smell was 7 . The smoke was thick. He lifted his T-shirt to cover his mouth and nose. As he hesitated, he heard the kid crying 8 . Nick stumbled into the blackness, 9 on smoke. His 10 stayed alert as he moved toward the sound. Then suddenly the kid was in front of him and Nick quickly grabbed her into his arms. The flames were 11 even closer. Nick took a few steps 12 and threw himself out of the window. Outside, the firefighters had arrived. He handed over the girl—crying, but miraculously uninjured 13 a cut on her arm—before collapsing on the sidewalk.
Nick’s burns have mostly healed, but other changes have been far greater. As news about his 14 spread, a GoFundMe account for his hospital bills exploded, reaching $600,000. “It somehow feels like both a near-death experience and a 15 .” Nick said.
1．A．Air B．Water C．Smoke D．Mist
2．A．vehicle B．house C．bay D．fire
3．A．put B．signal C．break D．take
4．A．locked B．frozen C．wrapped D．melted
5．A．interruption B．delay C．motion D．sympathy
6．A．looked up B．got up C．looked down D．got down
7．A．dizzy B．pleasant C．bitter D．intense
8．A．desperately B．patiently C．tightly D．precisely
9．A．hesitating B．spraining C．choking D．collapsing
10．A．ankles B．throats C．ears D．fists
11．A．skipping B．inching C．sinking D．fading
12．A．forward B．downward C．upward D．backward
13．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for
14．A．realism B．heroism C．criticism D．pessimism
15．A．recovery B．reputation C．reform D．rebirth

I’m a college professor teaching people how to think more creatively. Interestingly, this lifetime passion was 16 by a casual contest when I was a child.
At a family picnic for employees of the company where my father worked, they held a contest for the children-who could throw a cloth handkerchief the farthest. The first 17 , the little ones, took mighty wind-ups(挥臂动作), but when the cloth left their hands, it opened and flew to the ground a few 18 in front of them. The crowd roared with laughter, and being 13, I didn’t like adults laughing at us.
It was 19 that using the same technique would not work. Suppose I 20 a rock inside the handkerchief?No, it was “throw a handkerchief”, not “a rock and a handkerchief”. When they inspected it, I’d be 21 Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it. The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others, and when they 22 , people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass. I had a good 23 of getting away with it(侥幸逃脱).
However, I didn’t want to win by cheating but to show the adults that a(n) 24 could beat others at their own game. I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock. I 25 began tying knot after knot until it was the size of a large rock. I took a long wind-up and threw the 26 handkerchief which landed 60 feet away. The laughing 27 and everyone was dumbfounded. The 28 then ran to fetch it to examine how I’d cheated. ”It’s just the handkerchief,“ he 29 , holding it up and untying the knots. The adults applauded kindly and I felt proud.
I hadn’t broken the rules, but I had broken the 30 ideas, which was the secret to creative thinking.
16．A．awaken B．created C．enhanced D．spread
17．A．students B．throwers C．runners D．tutors
18．A．kilometers B．meters C．inches D．miles
19．A．impossible B．essential C．unclear D．obvious
20．A．tied B．cast C．hid D．drew
21．A．included B．unemployed C．disqualified D．involved
22．A．separated B．disappeared C．combined D．sank
23．A．time B．reason C．chance D．excuse
24．A．baby B．kid C．genius D．adult
25．A．casually B．immediately C．secretly D．eventually
26．A．arrowed B．balled C．light D．soft
27．A．died B．rose C．declined D．doubled
28．A．loser B．judge C．winner D．audience
29．A．responded B．protested C．admitted D．announced
30．A．critical B．modern C．innovative D．conventional

Growing up in Scotland’s largest city, Eilidh Malcolm had never really considered a career in forestry. 31 , she first choose for a life in rather damp surroundings. But after helping to establish Sea Life Loch Lomond, a career in the wood s soon came 32 the former aquarist (水产养殖者).
“I started to realize I was passionate about 33 ,  getting people outdoors and into the natural world, 34 for those who are living in urban areas,” the Glasgow native said.
Now based in and around her home city, Eilidh is 35 to working with those who have less opportunity to engage with nature. She said, “I think the last few years have really brought home for many people a 36 of the importance of getting outside for our health and wellbeing. You can see that people 37 it even more because of restrictions in recent years’ pandemic (流行病). That’s even more terrible in our cities, and we have to 38 that, no matter where you grow up, you have access to woodland and forests. We are lucky in Scotland that even in big cities there are green 39 close by for people to take advantage of. I love being able to bring people together and get them 40 about taking care of our forests in Scotland—it’s really energising.”
Working on the new Junior Forester Award has been a stand-out recent 41 for Eilidh. It gives children and young people some 42 into a career in forestry as well as the 43 ability to assist in woodland management in their schools and local communities.
She added, “The award is another way to 44 transferable skills in young people, and even if they don’t go into forestry as a career, they will always have knowledge about 45 the natural world.”
31．A．In panic B．In fact C．In particular D．In return
32．A．calling for B．corresponding to C．relying on D．turning down
33．A．expansion B．reputation C．engagement D．investment
34．A．subsequently B．frequently C．fortunately D．especially
35．A．committed B．refreshed C．stressed D．confused
36．A．reward B．recognition C．motive D．mood
37．A．dominate B．abandon C．treasure D．justify
38．A．undergo B．examine C．tolerate D．guarantee
39．A．dimensions B．spaces C．jungles D．visions
40．A．desperate B．humble C．sensitive D．enthusiastic
41．A．entry B．policy C．project D．episode
42．A．insights B．disciplines C．innocence D．sympathy
43．A．complicated B．practical C．massive D．influential
44．A．apply B．criticize C．abuse D．build
45．A．conserving B．reforming C．inspecting D．anticipating

When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “Sorry, wrong number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 46 a text clearly not intended for him, he did something 47 . On March 19, Dennis got a group text 48 him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, expecting the arrival of a baby.
“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis 49 . The baby was born and update texts were 50 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her 51 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was sharing the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. “Well, I don’t 52 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis before asking which room the new 53 were in.
Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his 54 ! He turned up at the hospital 55 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally astonished by the unexpected visitor. “I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we 56 it and the gifts.”
Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words: “What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
46．A．polished B．translated C．viewed D．received
47．A．familiar B．practical C．special D．urgent
48．A．reminding B．informing C．convincing D．impressing
49．A．predicted B．interrupted C．responded D．repeated
50．A．passing down B．setting out C．coming in D．moving around
51．A．excitement B．anxiety C．opinion D．effort
52．A．accept B．bother C．believe D．know
53．A．patients B．doctors C．parents D．visitors
54．A．dream B．principle C．schedule D．promise
55．A．opening B．collecting C．bearing D．making
56．A．appreciate B．need C．admit D．expect
57．A．confirmed B．accompanied C．clarified D．simplified
58．A．reflection B．problem C．relief D．blessing
59．A．sweet B．calm C．smart D．fair
60．A．respect B．trust C．control D．attention

Into the Rapids
Wyatt and his team were on the Arkansas River, paddling (划桨) through one of Colorado’s deepest canyons. Brody, their guide had 61 them that some parts of the stream would be rapid. Just seconds earlier, they had 62 another raft trapped on a rock by intentionally hitting it. But the momentum (冲力) had caused their own raft to enter some 63 rapids too quickly.
Before they could do anything, the raft 64 into the canyon wall. As they bounced back, Wyatt lost his 65 and was thrown backward, right into the 66 . The water tossed him around violently, but he caught breaths whenever he could. Looking over his shoulder, he 67 to see Brody throwing him the lifeline, but he’d already moved 50 yards ahead of the raft.
He knew he had to get out of this situation himself. “Don’t 68 . “Wyatt told himself, trying to remember the safety talk Brody had given to them. He rolled onto his back, pointing his feet downstream to cushion (缓冲) any possible 69 .
When the river 70 for a moment, Wyatt was able to catch his breath. Around the 71 , he saw a stretch of riverbank. Then he saw something even more 72 the raft they’d freed earlier was pulled up alongside the riverbank. Its crew 73 Wyatt and started waving crazily. “Swim!” they shouted. “Swim to us!”
His hopes ignited, Wyatt 74 onto his stomach and swam. He gave it everything he had. Finally, he felt strong hands grabbing hold of his life vest and 75 him from the river.
61．A．inspired B．cautioned C．convinced D．ensured
62．A．freed B．challenged C．grasped D．checked
63．A．messy B．steady C．tricky D．clumsy
64．A．broke B．crashed C．fell D．marched
65．A．breath B．temper C．sight D．balance
66．A．raft B．wall C．riverbank D．rapids
67．A．expected B．failed C．tended D．pretended
68．A．complain B．hesitate C．panic D．suspect
69．A．fish B．rocks C．grass D．shells
70．A．flowed B．roared C．rose D．quieted
71．A．bottom B．clock C．bend D．woods
72．A．promising B．disappointing C．rewarding D．demanding
73．A．overlooked B．impressed C．betrayed D．spotted
74．A．dived B．climbed C．rolled D．pressed
75．A．dragging B．distracting C．sheltering D．dismissing

British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have pent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot. They 76 3,263 kilometres, a remarkable achievement at any time.
Their 77 to complete this adventure came from their father, William Lindesay, who 78 along the Wall decades ago and attracted a great deal of media attention. Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 79 about the Wall later in his life. In 1987, he made the 80 in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure and has 81 10 books on the Wall based 82 his knowledge and experiences.
His action and books influenced his two sons, who now share his 83 in the Wall. In 2016, the Lindesay brothers flew drones (无人机) at many sections along the Wall and edited video works on the 84 of the Wall, hoping to keep it safe from damage. Not 85 with merely documenting parts of the Wall, the young brothers 86 wanted to find a new way to experience the structure and finally they 87 hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps.
The brothers’ trip was 88 than they had imagined. They met many difficulties. But 89 the great wonder was life-changing, which gave them a better 90 of the structure and the history behind it.
76．A．challenged B．covered C．measured D．escaped
77．A．ability B．desire C．duty D．announcement
78．A．journeyed B．jogged C．continued D．constructed
79．A．anxious B．particular C．serious D．enthusiastic
80．A．headlines B．changes C．connection D．difference
81．A．bought B．recommended C．reviewed D．authored
82．A．in B．on C．at D．to
83．A．pride B．success C．interest D．faith
84．A．preservation B．illustration C．foundation D．origin
85．A．familiar B．satisfied C．careful D．busy
86．A．gradually B．occasionally C．desperately D．blindly
87．A．dreamed of B．carried on C．learned of D．decided on
88．A．tougher B．funner C．greater D．shorter
89．A．evaluating B．repairing C．exploring D．monitoring
90．A．memory B．assessment C．impression D．understanding

Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 91 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 92 in certain ways, like gathering together to protect their land. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to 93 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 94 to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food?
In the laboratory, chimps don’t 95 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 96 -he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children, 97 , are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this 98 in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 99 in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very 100 age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 101 . Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 102 in children before their general cognitive(认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 103 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core (核心) of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 104 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a(n) 105 goal.
91．A．structures B．responsibilities C．policies D．behaviors
92．A．conflict B．offend C．cooperate D．discuss
93．A．help B．contact C．divide D．trust
94．A．manage B．decline C．attempt D．force
95．A．curiously B．unwillingly C．naturally D．carelessly
96．A．in turn B．with care C．at random D．in advance
97．A．all in all B．as a result C．in no case D．on the other hand
98．A．cooperativeness B．availability C．attack D．attractiveness
99．A．educated B．possessed C．motivated D．stimulated
100．A．old B．young C．middle D．late
101．A．creatively B．formally C．competitively D．socially
102．A．develops B．decreases C．changes D．disappears
103．A．invisible B．abstract C．physical D．imaginary
104．A．infer B．adapt C．absorb D．balance
105．A．realistic B．shared C．specific D．ambitious

I went on a bird-watching hike in the South American rainforest to see some rare birds. Our guide, Carlos, 106 us through the thick trees and plants until we reached a 107 where we could spot the birds we were looking for. We waited 108 , hoping to catch a glimpse of the rare creatures. 109 ,Carlos gave us a signal and pointed to a. 110 nearby. We could hardly see anything, but Carlos had 111 one of the rare birds we were searching for.
Carlos set up his telescope and adjusted the lens(镜头)until we could see the bird 112 .We watched in awe(惊叹)as the bird flew from branch to branch, seemingly 113 by our presence. It was a beautiful sight to 114 .After a fewminutes, the bird 115 , and we continued our hike, excited by the 116 .
Bird-watching in the rainforest was a 117 and patience-testing activity, but it was worth it for the unique and unforgettable experience. It was unbelievable to see the 118 of bird species in the jungle and appreciate their beauty up close. Carlos was an excellent guide who shared his knowledge and 119 for the environment with us. I would recommend this activity to anyone who loves nature and wants to 120 the wonders of the rainforest.
106．A．led B．helped C．pulled D．drove
107．A．trap B．clearing C．source D．farm
108．A．in despair B．in silence C．with pride D．with relief
109．A．Confusingly B．Curiously C．Undoubtedly D．Suddenly
110．A．rock B．cave C．tree D．stream
111．A．spotted B．attacked C．caught D．saved
112．A．regularly B．personally C．clearly D．briefly
113．A．amazed B．frightened C．unaffected D．unhurt
114．A．take in B．hunt for C．stir up D．refer to
115．A．tripped over B．showed up C．turned back D．flew away
116．A．attempt B．performance C．impact D．experience
117．A．striking B．challenging C．worthwhile D．beneficial
118．A．diversity B．mystery C．mission D．origin
119．A．patience B．energy C．passion D．intention
120．A．show B．promote C．create D．witness

I decided to write about this moment in my life that really sticks in my mind. As I get older, I don’t want to 121 the details.
My fourteenth birthday was 122 . Since I’d been given a lot of 123 on other birthdays, there was nothing I really wanted for this birthday.
My dad came to me one evening and said, “We’ve been considering your birthday. Mom and I want to 124 something to you. You can have a big party, and we can invite all your friends, or... we have another 125 !”
“Yes?” I asked 126 . “What is it?”
“We can take the Queen Elizabeth and sail to England.”
I was shocked and 127 . I’d never been outside New York, and England sounded far away. But after a second thought, I accepted the 128 .
The Queen Elizabeth was the biggest ship I’d ever seen! The inside was even more 129 ! It had elevators, restaurants, places to play games, and a theater! I couldn’t really 130 that this multi-story ship was going to sail all the way across the Atlantic, 131 it did! The voyage lasted six nights, and every night the captain put the ship’s clocks forward one hour. That way, no one 132 the five-hour time difference.
Day after day, I sat on the deck(甲板) 133 to see a dolphin. After three days, I saw a 134 of dolphins! But what I remember most about my fourteenth birthday is that my parents gave me the gift of 135 , which lasts for all my future birthdays.
121．A．forget B．regret C．describe D．repeat
122．A．continuing B．approaching C．waiting D．passing
123．A．presents B．snacks C．cakes D．cards
124．A．explain B．throw C．suggest D．introduce
125．A．edition B．purpose C．role D．idea
126．A．secretly B．eagerly C．gratefully D．shyly
127．A．relaxed B．pleased C．speechless D．hopeless
128．A．benefit B．guideline C．mission D．offer
129．A．complex B．splendid C．expensive D．convenient
130．A．believe B．predict C．realize D．understand
131．A．if B．so C．but D．unless
132．A．allowed B．doubted C．mentioned D．noticed
133．A．deciding B．desiring C．demanding D．diving
134．A．file B．pile C．group D．ship
135．A．health B．hope C．learning D．traveling

Do you have any idea how rewarding it is to spread homemade butter on bread? Most of my generation may not know but ask my kids—they think they’re truly 136 the life.
I feel like we took a step “backward” when we bought a cow. How 137 it is to buy milk and butter off the shelf in the store. But I enjoy the 138 back. It adds so much simplicity to our lives. My children will 139 with many memories of a sweet milk cow, fresh butter and bread, and family 140 .
Adding a milk cow to our home wasn’t a 141 decision. I knew it would take time and 142 , but I haven’t regretted it. My children also haven’t 143 the extra work. We’ve all found so much 144 in this attempt.
My oldest child is 145 making butter. It’s something she’s wanted to do with raw milk for years. The kids all take turns churning the milk in the bottle. 146 it’s fully butter, the kids are so 147 to pull the churn off the bottle and glimpse inside. They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.
Not everyone’s picture of a 148 life is the same. How you raise your kids influences what the next generation will 149 and what type of work ethic (职业道德) they’ll have. Don’t be afraid to take a step back with your family to a 150 life.
136．A．escaping B．rebuilding C．living D．celebrating
137．A．cheap B．convenient C．advanced D．wonderful
138．A．step B．life C．memory D．generation
139．A．fit in B．hold on C．grow up D．settle down
140．A．history B．togetherness C．acceptance D．commitment
141．A．tough B．firm C．crucial D．light
142．A．effort B．trouble C．practice D．confidence
143．A．put off B．given up C．returned to D．complained about
144．A．butter B．joy C．power D．skill
145．A．longing for B．living on C．setting about D．keeping up
146．A．Unless B．Though C．Once D．Until
147．A．relieved B．shocked C．exhausted D．excited
148．A．rewarding B．peaceful C．normal D．harmonious
149．A．regret B．appreciate C．suspect D．envy
150．A．healthier B．quieter C．richer D．simpler
















1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述的是主人公尼克英勇无畏，救助火海中一名受困儿童的英雄事迹。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：烟顺着前廊往上窜。A. Air空气；B. Water水；C. Smoke烟；D. Mist雾。根据前文“Then he realized the house was on fire.”可知，房子着火了烟顺着前廊往上窜。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他急忙下了车，喊道：“救命，着火了!”A. vehicle车辆；B. house房子；C. bay海湾；D. fire火。根据前文“At first, it was just faint light as Nick drove past a two-story house.”可知，尼克开车经过房子，故看到房子着火，他从车上下来。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆汽车开过，尼克试图打信号让它停下来，但没有成功。A. put放；B. signal发信号；C. break打破；D. take带走。根据后文“to stop”可知，发出信号，示意他人停车。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跑向后门，他认为后门应该是锁着的。A. locked被锁住；B. frozen冻住；C. wrapped包裹；D. melted融化。根据后文“To his amazement, it swung open”可知，后门并没有如他所想，是锁着的，门是开着的。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼克毫不迟延地跑进屋里，朝房间里张望，看是否有人在家。A. interruption打扰；B. delay推迟；C. motion移动；D. sympathy同情。根据“peering into rooms to see if anyone was home”可知，尼克毫不迟延地跑进屋里，朝房间里张望，看是否有人在家。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他刚开始往上爬，就抬起头来，看见楼梯顶上出现了四个人的面孔。A. looked up查阅；B. got up起床；C. looked down看不起；D. got down静下心。根据后文“saw four faces emerge at the top of the stairs.”可知，他抬头向上看，看见了四个人的面孔。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：气味很强烈。A. dizzy头晕目眩的；B. pleasant愉快的；C. bitter苦的，心酸的；D. intense强烈的。根据前文“By now, the whole house was in flames.”以及后文“The smoke was thick.”可知，火势凶猛，烟很浓，烧灼的气味很浓烈。故选D。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在他犹豫的时候，他听到了孩子绝望的哭声。A. desperately渴望地，绝望地；B. patiently耐心地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. precisely精确地。根据前文“he heard the kid crying”可知，他听到了孩子绝望的哭声。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克在黑暗中跌跌撞撞，被烟呛得喘不过气来。A. hesitating犹豫；B. spraining扭；C. choking窒息；D. collapsing倒塌。根据后文“on smoke”可知，尼克被烟呛得喘不过气来。故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他朝声音的方向移动时，耳朵保持警觉。A. ankles脚踝；B. throats喉咙；C. ears耳朵；D. fists拳头。根据后文“Then suddenly the kid was in front of him and Nick quickly grabbed her into his arms.”可知，他朝声音的方向移动时，耳朵保持警觉，然后突然，孩子出现在他面前，尼克迅速地把她抱在怀里。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：火焰越来越近了。A. skipping跳过，略过；B. inching缓慢移动；C. sinking下沉；D. fading褪色。根据后文“even closer”可知，尼克距离火焰越来越近，火焰慢慢的靠近（吞噬着）尼克。故选B。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尼克后退了几步，跳出了窗户。A. forward向前；B. downward向下；C. upward向上；D. backward向后。根据后文“threw himself out of the window.”可知，尼克后退了几步，用来缓冲，然后跳出窗户。故选D。
13．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他把那个哭着的女孩交给了她，但除了手臂上的伤口外，她奇迹般地没有受伤，然后倒在人行道上。A. due to因为；B. instead of反之；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据后文“a cut on her arm”可知，女孩除了手臂上的伤口外，其他地方没有受伤。故选C。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的英雄事迹传开后，一个为他的医院账单筹款的GoFundMe账户爆炸了似的，达到了60万美元。A. realism现实主义；B. heroism英雄行为；C. criticism批判主义；D. pessimism悲观主义。根据前文“He handed over the girl—crying, but miraculously uninjured  ____13____  a cut on her arm—before collapsing on the sidewalk.”可知，尼克在熊熊火海之中拯救了一位儿童，这是他的英雄事迹。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知何故，这感觉既像是濒死体验，又像是重生。A. recovery恢复；B. reputation声望；C. reform改革；D. rebirth重生。根据前文“a near-death experience”可知，从火海中逃生这段经历感觉既像是濒死体验，又像是重生。故选D。

16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名大学教授，教人们如何更有创造性地思考。而这一激情来自作者小时候的一次偶然的比赛。文章详述了该比赛。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，这种一生的激情是在我小时候的一次偶然的比赛中被唤醒的。A.awaken唤醒；B.created创造；C.enhanced加强；D.spread传播。根据上文“I’m a college professor teaching people how to think more creatively. Interestingly, this lifetime passionwas”可知激情被唤醒，故选A。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一批投掷者是小孩子们，他们使劲挥动手臂，但当手帕离开他们的手时，它张开了，飞到了他们面前几英寸的地上。A.students学生；B.throwers投掷者；C.runners跑步者；D.tutors导师。根据上文“they held a contest for the children-who could throw a cloth handkerchief thefarthest”可知，这里指第一批投掷者是扔手帕的小孩子们，应用throwers。故选B。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一批投掷者是小孩子们，他们使劲挥动手臂，但当手帕离开他们的手时，它张开了，飞到了他们面前几英寸的地上。A.kilometers千米；B.meters米；C.inches英寸；D.miles英里。根据上文“but when the cloth left their hands, it opened and flew to the ground”以及后文“The crowd roared with laughter”可知，小孩子扔得并不远，飞到了他们面前几英寸的地上。故选C。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，用同样的方法是行不通的。A.impossible不可能的；B.essential必不可少的；C.unclear不清楚的；D.obvious明显的。根据上文“The first 2 , the little ones, took mighty wind-ups(挥臂动作), but when the cloth left their hands, it opened and flew to the ground a few 3 in front of them. ”可知很明显，小孩们的投掷方法是行不通的。故选D。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如我在手帕里绑一块石头呢?A.tied系，绑；B.tried尝试；C.hid隐藏；D.laid放。根据后文“a rock inside the handkerchief. No, it was “throw a handkerchief”, not “a rock and a handkerchief”. ”可知作者首先想到的是在手帕里绑一块石头。故选A。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们检查的时候，我就不合格了。A.included包括在内的；B.unemployed失业的；C.disqualified不合格的；D.involved参与。根据上文“No，it was “throw a handkerchief”, not “a rock and a handkerchief””可知，作者开始想的方法违规，所以检查的时候，就不合格了。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这块石头至少会把这块布推得比其他的更远，当它们分开时，人们可能不会注意到一块小石头落在草丛里。A.separated分开；B.disappeared消失；C.combined结合；D.sank下沉。根据后文“people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass”指手帕和石头分开，人们可能不会注意到一块小石头落在草丛里。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很有可能逃脱惩罚的。A.time时间；B.reason原因；C.chance机会；D.excuse借口。结合上文“The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others, and when they 　7　, people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass.”可知，作者的办法很有可能赢得比赛而不被发现作弊，所以很有可能逃脱惩罚。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我并不想通过作弊来获胜，而是想让大人们知道，一个孩子也可以在自己的游戏中打败别人。A.baby婴儿；B.kid孩子；C.genius天才；D.adult成年人。根据第二段“The crowd roared with laughter, and being 13, I didn’t like adults laughing at us.”可知，事情发生在作者小时候，作者想让大人们知道，一个孩子也可以在自己的游戏中打败别人。故选B。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我偷偷地开始一个接一个地打结，直到它变成一块大石头的大小。A.casually随意地；B.immediately立即；C.secretly偷偷地；D. eventually终于。根据第四段中"The 13 then ran to fetch it to examine how I’d cheated."可知，作者是偷偷地打结，才导致后面裁判跑去把它拿来，检查是如何作憋的。故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我使劲抡胳膊，把球状手帕扔到60英尺远的地方。A.arrowed带箭头的；B.balled成球状的；C.light轻的，明亮的；D.soft柔软的。根据上文“until it was the size of a large rock”可知，手帕因为打结成了球体。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑声消失了，每个人都目瞪口呆。A.died消失；B.rose上升；C.declined下降；D.doubled翻倍。根据前文“threw the 11 handkerchief which landed 60 feet away”以及后文“everyone was dumbfounded”可知，作者仍得太远，大家不笑了，每个人都目瞪口呆。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后裁判跑去把它拿来，检查我是如何作憋的。A.loser失败者；B.judge裁判；C.winner赢家；D.audience观众。根据后文“examine how I’d cheated”可知是裁判检查如何作憋，故也是裁判跑去把它拿来，故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只是手帕，”他说着举起手帕，解开了结。A.responded回应；B.protested 抗议；C.admitted承认；D.announced宣布。根据前文“The 14 then ran to fetch it to examine how I’d cheated.“ It’s just the handkerchief,”  ”可知，裁判宣布了检查结果，故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我没有打破规则，但我打破了传统观念，这是创造性思维的秘密。A.critical批评的；B.modern现代的；C.innovative创新的；D.conventional传统的。根据后文“which was the secret to creative thinking”可知，这是创造性思维的秘密，体现了作者打破了传统观念。故选D。

31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．D 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Eilidh Malcolm的事迹，她通过自己的工作，使儿童和年轻人对林业事业有了一些认识，并使他们具备了在学校和当地社区协助林地管理的实际能力。
31．考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，她首先选择在相当潮湿的环境中生活。A. In panic恐慌地；B. In fact事实上；C. In particular尤其；D. In return作为回报。根据上文“Growing up in Scotland’s largest city, Eilidh Malcolm had never really considered a career in forestry.”以及下文“she first choose for a life in rather damp surroundings.”可知，两句之间存在轻微转折，下文是具体介绍她的第一份工作。故选B。
32．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但在帮助建立了洛蒙德海洋生物湖之后，这位前水族馆管理员很快就在森林里找到了一份工作。A. calling for需要、召唤；B. corresponding to与……一致；C. relying on依赖；D. turning down调低、拒绝。根据下文可知，Eilidh Malcolm就在森林里工作，所以是这份工作在召唤她。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到我对参与充满热情，让人们到户外去，进入自然世界，尤其是那些生活在城市地区的人，”这位格拉斯哥人说。A. expansion扩大；B. reputation名声；C. engagement约定、参与；D. investment投资。根据下文“getting people outdoors and into the natural world”可知，Eilidh Malcolm喜欢参与这份工作。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到我对参与充满热情，让人们到户外去，进入自然世界，尤其是那些生活在城市地区的人，”这位格拉斯哥人说。A. subsequently后来；B. frequently频繁地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. especially尤其。通过空前内容“etting people outdoors and into the natural world”可知，Eilidh Malcolm喜欢让人们到户外去，走进自然世界，尤其是想让生活在城市的人走进森林。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Eilidh在她的家乡城市及其周边地区工作，她致力于帮助那些没有机会接触大自然的人。A. committed尽心尽力的；B. refreshed恢复精力的；C. stressed有压力的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“I started to realize I was passionate about ___3___, getting people outdoors and into the natural world”可知，Eilidh Malcolm对这份工作充满热情，所以是对自己的工作非常投入。故选A。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为过去几年让很多人真正认识到户外活动对我们的健康和幸福的重要性A. reward奖励；B. recognition认可；C. motive动机；D. mood情绪。根据下文“You can see that people ___7___ it even more because of restrictions in recent years’ pandemic (流行病).”可知，Eilidh Malcolm认为过去几年遭受的流行病会让人们认识到户外活动的重要性。故选B。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以看到，由于近年来疫情的限制，人们更加珍惜它。A. dominate支配；B. abandon放弃、抛弃；C. treasure珍视；D. justify为……辩护。根据空后“because of restrictions in recent years’ pandemic (流行病).”可知，根据常理推测，由于流行病泛滥，人们会更加珍惜户外活动。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在我们的城市里更可怕，我们必须保证，无论你在哪里长大，你都有机会进入林地和森林。A. undergo经历；B. examine检测；C. tolerate容忍；D. guarantee保证。根据下文“no matter where you grow up, you have access to woodland and forests.”可知，下文是Eilidh Malcolm等工作人员能够做出的保证。故选D。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在苏格兰，我们很幸运，即使在大城市里，附近也有绿地供人们利用。A. dimensions方面；B. spaces空间、空地；C. jungles丛林；D. visions视线。根据上文“no matter where you grow up, you have access to woodland and forests.”可知，Eilidh Malcolm认为应该确保人们可以走进绿地，由此推断，Eilidh Malcolm认为，在大城市里，附近有绿地是很幸运的。故选B。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢把人们聚集在一起，让他们对保护苏格兰的森林充满热情——这真的很有活力。A. desperate绝望的；B. humble谦逊的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据上文可知，Eilidh Malcolm的工作就是让人们走进自然，明白户外活动的重要性，所以，Eilidh Malcolm是喜欢把人们聚集在一起，从而让人们对保护苏格兰森林充满热情。故选D。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：致力于新设立的青年护林员奖是Eilidh最近的一个突出项目。A. entry入口；B. policy政策；C. project项目；D. episode轶事。根据上文“Working on the new Junior Forester Award”可知，这是目前正在进行的一个项目。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使儿童和年轻人对林业事业有了一些认识，并使他们具备了在学校和当地社区协助林地管理的实际能力。A. insights洞察力、了解；B. disciplines纪律；C. innocence清白无辜；D. sympathy同情。根据最后一段“Even if they don’t go into forestry as a career, they will always have knowledge about ___15___ the natural world.”可知，该项目可以让儿童和年轻人对林业事业有了一些认识。故选A。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它使儿童和年轻人对林业事业有了一些认识，并使他们具备了在学校和当地社区协助林地管理的实际能力。A. complicated复杂的；B. practical实用的；C. massive巨大的；D. influential有影响力的。根据空后内容“to assist in woodland management in their schools and local communities.”可知，该项目可以使他们具备在学校和当地社区协助林地管理的实际能力。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“这个奖项是培养年轻人可转移技能的另一种方式，即使他们不以林业为职业，他们也将永远拥有保护自然世界的知识。”A. apply申请、运用；B. criticize指责；C. abuse滥用；D. build建立、培养。根据上文可知，该项目可以使人们获得在学校和当地社区协助林地管理的实际能力，所以空处指的是“培养……技能”。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“这个奖项是培养年轻人可转移技能的另一种方式，即使他们不以林业为职业，他们也将永远拥有保护自然世界的知识。”A. conserving保存、保护；B. reforming改革；C. inspecting视察；D. anticipating预期。根据上文可知，这个奖项或项目是为了让人们对林业有所了解，从而拥有该方面的知识以用来保护自然世界。故选A。

46．D 47．C 48．B 49．C 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．C 54．D 55．C 56．A 57．B 58．D 59．A 60．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dennis Williams收到陌生的短信通知说一对夫妇在医院生孩子，他遵守诺言带着礼物去看望新生婴儿。这让对方十分感动，帖子被到网上后，吸引了很多人关注。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当Dennis Williams收到一条显然不是发给他的短信时，他做了一件特别的事。A. polished擦光，磨光；B. translated翻译；C. viewed看待；D. received收到。根据下文中的“Dennis got a group text 　　3　　him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital”和“someone was mistaken”可知，有人发短信时弄错了，Dennis Williams并不认识这对夫妇，所以他收到一条显然不是发给他的短信。故选D。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. familiar熟悉的；B. practical实际的；C. special特别的；D. urgent紧迫的。根据下文中的“but I will get there to take pictures with the baby”可知，Dennis收到这个错发的短信时没像常人那样置之不理，而是承诺去医院拜访，他做了一件特别的事情。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：3月19日，Dennis收到一条群发短信，通知他一对他不认识的夫妇在医院等孩子的到来。A. reminding提醒；B. informing通知；C. convincing使相信；D. impressing使印象深刻。根据空后的“that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, expecting the arrival of a baby”可知，这条短信通知他一对他不认识的夫妇在医院等孩子的到来。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“祝贺你！但我认为有人搞错了，”Dennis回应道。A. predicted预测；B. interrupted打断；C. responded回应，回复；D. repeated重复。根据引号中的“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken”可知，他收到短信后进行回复。故选C。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：孩子出生了，喜出望外的祖母Teresa很快发来了更新的短信。A. passing down流传；B. setting out出发；C. coming in到达，被收到；D. moving around经常搬迁。根据“update texts”可知，孩子出生后Dennis收到了Teresa发来了更新的短信。故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在兴奋中，Teresa似乎没有意识到她正在和一个完全陌生的人分享婴儿的照片。A. excitement兴奋；B. anxiety焦虑；C. opinion观点；D. effort努力。根据前一句中的“overjoyed”可知，Teresa非常兴奋，并没有意识到她正在和一个完全陌生的人分享婴儿的照片。故选A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“嗯，我不认识你们，但我会去那里和孩子合影的，”Dennis在问新父母在哪个房间前回答道。A. accept接受；B. bother打扰；C. believe相信；D. know认识，直到。根据前一句中的“stranger”可知，Dennis不认识他们。故选D。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. patients病人；B. doctors医生；C. parents父母；D. visitors访问者。根据上文中的“a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby”可知，刚有了小宝宝后，这是一对新的父母。故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令这家人大吃一惊的是，Dennis坚持了自己的承诺。A. dream梦想；B. principle原则；C. schedule日程表安排；D. promise承诺。根据上文“but I will get there to take pictures with the baby”可知，Dennis遵守了诺言。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带着礼物出现在医院，带着给初为妈妈Lindsey和她的男宝宝的礼物。A. opening打开；B. collecting收集；C. bearing携带，带有；D. making制作。根据空后的“gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy”可知，他来的时候带着礼物。故选C。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我们不会随机邀请他来，但我们很感激他到来和送的礼物。A. appreciate感激；B. need需要；C. admit承认；D. expect期待。but前后表示转折，根据but前的“I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over”可知，他们没有邀请他来，但他带着礼物来看望他们的新生孩子仍然让他们非常感激。故选A。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Teresa在社交网站上发布了一张偶遇的照片，并附上了感人的文字。A. confirmed证实，证明；B. accompanied陪伴，伴随；C. clarified阐释；D. simplified使简化。根据空后的“by the touching words”可知，这段文字是和图片一起发布的。故选B。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人对我们家是真是个福气啊！A. reflection反映；B. problem问题；C. relief宽慰，轻松；D. blessing幸运，福气。根据上文Dennis遵守了诺言去探望新生儿和句中的“the touching words”可知，Teresa对Dennis的善意举动非常感动，认为他是他们家的福气。故选D。
59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他这么做是如此好心和善良。A. sweet善良的，好心的；B. calm平静的；C. smart聪明的；D. fair公平的。根据and后的kind可知，前后表达的Teresa的态度应当一致，Dennis的友善举动感动了Teresa一家人。故选A。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自发布以后，这篇帖子引起了世界各地社交媒体用户的关注，在短短三天内就获得了超过184 000次分享和61 500个赞。A. respect尊重；B. trust信任；C. control控制；D. attention注意。根据“receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days”可知，这篇帖子受到了全世界媒体用户的关注。故选D。

61．B 62．A 63．C 64．B 65．A 66．D 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．D 71．C 72．A 73．D 74．C 75．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Wyatt和队友划木筏探索Arkansas River时，由于木筏碰到峡谷壁，他被甩进急流，最终被救起的故事。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布罗迪，他们的向导提醒他们，有些地方水流会很急。A. inspired启发，激发；B. cautioned警告，提醒；C. convinced使……相信；D. ensured确保。根据“them that some parts of the stream would be rapid.”推知，向导提醒他们有些地方水流会比较急。故选B。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在几秒钟前，他们故意击打另一只被困在岩石上的木筏，使其脱困。A. freed使……自由，释放；B. challenged挑战；C. grasped抓；D. checked检查，核查。根据“trapped on a rock”推知，他们通过撞击来释放被困的木筏。且倒数第二段的“the raft they’d freed earlier was pulled up alongside the riverbank.”也是提示。故选A。
63．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这种势头导致他们自己的木筏进入一些棘手的急流的速度过快。A. messy杂乱的；B. steady稳定的；C. tricky棘手的，难对付的；D. clumsy笨拙的。根据“rapids”推知，此处是指棘手的急流。故选C。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还没来得及做任何事情，木筏就撞上了峡谷壁。A. broke打破；B. crashed碰撞；C. fell落下；D. marched行进。根据下文“As they bounced back”可知，他们的木筏撞到了峡谷壁。故选B。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们反弹回来时，怀亚特一时不能呼吸，被向后抛到了急流中。A. breath呼吸；B. temper    脾气；C. sight视线；视觉；D. balance平衡。根据下文“but he caught breaths whenever he could”可知，怀亚特在撞击时暂时失去了呼吸。故选A。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们反弹回来时，怀亚特一时不能呼吸，被向后抛到了急流中。A. raft筏；B. wall墙；C. riverbank河岸；D. rapids急流。根据上文“But the momentum (冲力) had caused their own raft to enter some 　　3　　 rapids too quickly.”可知，他被向后抛到了急流中，故选D。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回头一看，以为会看到布罗迪把救生索扔给他，但他已经移动到木筏前面50码的地方了。A. expected期待，认为；B. failed失败；C. tended趋向于；D. pretended假装。根据 “but he’d already moved 50 yards ahead of the raft.”和下文“He knew he had to get out of this situation himself.”推知，怀亚特本以为布罗迪会把救生索扔给他，但布罗迪已经离他很远了。故选A。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别慌。”怀亚特告诉自己，试图记住布罗迪给他们的安全谈话。A. complain抱怨；B. hesitate犹豫，迟疑；C. panic恐慌；D. suspect怀疑。根据“trying to remember the safety talk Brody had given to them.”可知，怀亚特提醒自己不要慌张，要沉着。故选C。
69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他翻了个身，把脚向下游，以找到任何可以缓冲的岩石。A. fish鱼；B. rocks岩石；C. grass草；D. shells贝壳。根据“cushion”和常识可知，如果找到岩石可以帮助减速，即缓冲。故选B。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当河水安静了一会儿，怀亚特终于喘了口气。A. flowed流动；B. roared咆哮；C. rose升起；D. quieted使……平静。根据“Wyatt was able to catch his breath”推知，河水平静了一会儿。故选D。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在转弯处，他看到了一段河岸。A. bottom底部；B. clock钟；C. bend弯；D. woods树林。根据“Around”推知，此处所指怀亚特被冲到转弯处时看到了河岸。故选C。
72．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他看到了更有希望的事情——他们早些时候释放的木筏被拉到了河岸边。A. promising有前途的，有希望的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. rewarding值得的；D. demanding苛刻的。根据“the raft they’d freed earlier was pulled up alongside the riverbank.”可知，怀亚特看到的让他充满了获救的希望。故选A。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：船员们发现了怀亚特，开始疯狂地挥手。A. overlooked忽略，忽视；B. impressed使……印象深刻；C. betrayed出卖；D. spotted看见。根据“started waving crazily.”可知，木筏上的人看到了怀亚特。故选D。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：怀亚特的希望燃起了，他翻了个身，游了起来。A. dived潜水；B. climbed攀爬；C. rolled滚动，翻滚；D. pressed按，施加压力。根据上文“He rolled onto his back”可知，看到有人可以救自己，怀亚特转身改变游泳的姿势。故选C。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他感觉到强壮的双手抓住了他的救生衣，把他从河里拖了出来。A. dragging拉拽；B. distracting使……分心；C. sheltering掩蔽；D. dismissing解散，解雇。根据“he felt strong hands grabbing hold of his life vest”推知，人们将筋疲力尽的怀亚特从河里拖了出来。故选A。

76．B 77．B 78．A 79．D 80．A 81．D 82．B 83．C 84．A 85．B 86．C 87．D 88．A 89．C 90．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了英国兄弟詹姆斯·林赛和托马斯·林赛花了几个月的时间徒步穿越中国的长城。他们走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是了不起的成就。这也起因于他们父亲的影响。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是了不起的成就。A. challenged挑战；B. covered走过，覆盖；C. measured测量；D. escaped逃走。根据后文“3,263 kilometres”表示走了多远的距离，应用动词cover。故选B。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林赛，他几十年前曾沿着长城旅行，并引起了媒体的广泛关注。A. ability能力；B. desire渴望，愿望；C. duty义务；D. announcement宣布。根据后文“to complete this adventure”指完成冒险的愿望。故选B。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林赛，他几十年前曾沿着长城旅行，并引起了媒体的广泛关注。A. journeyed旅行；B. jogged慢跑；C. continued继续；D. constructed建造。根据后文“ by hiking the Wall.”可知，他们的父亲威廉·林赛曾沿着长城旅行。故选A。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1956年出生于利物浦的威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。A. anxious焦虑的；B. particular特定的；C. serious严肃的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“In 1987, he made the 　　　5　　　　　 in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure and has 　　　　　6　　　 10 books on the Wall based 　　　　　7　　　 his knowledge and experiences.”可知，威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。故选D。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1987年，他因攀登长城而登上了中国的头条新闻。A. headlines头条；B. changes改变；C. connection联系；D. difference差异。根据上文“attracted a great deal of media attention.”可知，他登长城的事迹上了中国新闻的头条。故选A。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他致力于保护长城30多年，并根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。A. bought购买；B. recommended推荐；C. reviewed复习；D. authored撰写。根据后文“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，指他根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。故选D。
82．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他致力于保护长城30多年，并根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。A. in在里面；B. on在上面；C. at在；D. to朝着。根据上文based表示“根据”可知短语为be based on。故选B。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。A. pride骄傲；B. success成功；C. interest兴趣；D. faith信念。根据上文“Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 　　　　4　　　　 about the Wall later in his life. ”和“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。故选C。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，林赛兄弟在长城的许多路段放飞无人机，并编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。A. preservation保护；B. illustration说明；C. foundation基础；D. origin起源。根据后文“hoping to keep it safe from damage”可知，他们编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。故选A。
85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. familiar熟悉的；B. satisfied满意的；C. careful仔细的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”可知，这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，故选B。
86．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. gradually逐渐地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. desperately非常，迫切地；D. blindly盲目地。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”并结合后文他们徒步长城可知，两兄弟迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，故选C。
87．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. dreamed of梦想；B. carried on继续；C. learned of了解；D. decided on决定。根据后文“hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps”可知，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。故选D。
88．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对兄弟的旅途比他们想象的要艰难。A. tougher更难的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. greater更伟大的；D. shorter更短的。根据后文“They met many difficulties.(他们遇到了很多困难)”可知，旅途很艰难。故选A。
89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. evaluating评估；B. repairing修理；C. exploring探索；D. monitoring监督。呼应上文“hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps”指他们探索长城，故选C。
90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. memory记忆；B. assessment估计；C. impression印象；D. understanding理解。根据后文“of the structure and the history behind it.”可知，实地探索长城让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。故选D。

91．D 92．C 93．A 94．B 95．C 96．C 97．D 98．A 99．B 100．B 101．D 102．A 103．C 104．A 105．B

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛通过测试发现人类在社交方面比黑猩猩出色得多是因为人类的思维中有“共同意向性”，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有。
91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，科学家发现黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似。A. structures结构；B. responsibilities责任；C. policies政策；D. behaviors行为、举止。根据下文“Chimps will 2 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.”可知，黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，故选D。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：黑猩猩会以某种方式合作，比如聚在一起在战争中保护自己的领地。A. conflict冲突；B. offend冒犯；C. cooperate合作；D. discuss讨论。根据下文“like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.”可知，黑猩猩会聚在一起在战争中保护自己的领地，这说明它们会互相合作，故选C。
93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，它们几乎没有互相帮助的本能。A. help帮助；B. contact联系；C. divide分开；D. trust信任。攻击上文“But”可知，这里的转折连词表明此处与前面说的互相合作相反，除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，它们几乎不会互相帮助。故选A。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至黑猩猩妈妈也经常拒绝与孩子分享食物。A. manage设法做成；B. decline拒绝；C. attempt尝试；D. force迫使。攻击上文“But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 3 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.”可知，野生黑猩猩自己寻找食物，它们几乎不会互相帮助，所以黑猩猩妈妈也会拒绝与孩子分享食物，把食物只留给自己。故选B。
95．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在实验室里，黑猩猩也不会自然地分享食物。A. curiously好奇地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. naturally自然地；D. carelessly粗心地。上文“But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 3 one another.”可知，说除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，黑猩猩几乎没有互相帮助的本能，在实验室里，它们也不会自然而然地分享食物。故选C。
96．考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果一只黑猩猩被关在笼子里，在那里它可以为自己拉进一盘食物，或者不费多大的力气就可以拉一盘食物给隔壁笼子的邻居，它只会随意拉——只是不在乎邻居是否被喂饱。A. in turn轮流；B. with care小心地；C. at random随意地、胡乱；D. in advance事先。根据下文“he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.”可知，即使是毫不费力地拉一盘食物给隔壁的邻居，它也不会在乎邻居是否被喂饱，这说明它只是随意地拉。故选C。
97．考查介词短语辨析。另一方面，人类儿童从很小的时候就非常合作，他们决定帮助他人，分享信息，参与实现共同目标。A. all in all总而言之；B. as a result结果；C. in no case决不；D. on the other hand另一方面。根据上文“In the laboratory, chimps don’t 5 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull   6 —he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.”和下文“are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.”可知，上文介绍的是黑猩猩的行为，下文介绍的是人类的行为，与黑猩猩的行为形成对比，用on the other hand构成对比。故选D。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛在一系列针对幼儿的实验中研究了这种合作性。A. cooperativeness合作（性）；B. availability可用性；C. attack攻击；D. attractiveness吸引力。根据上文“From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.”可知，说人类儿童在很小的时候就知道合作，所以心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛在实验中研究了这种合作性。故选A。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有几个理由让我们相信，帮助、告知和分享的冲动不是教出来的，而是小孩子天生就有的。A. educated教育；B. possessed拥有；C. motivated激发；D. stimulated促进。根据上文“the urges to help, inform and share are not taught”可知，人类儿童很小的时候就知道合作的这些行为不是教出来的，而是生来就有的本能。故选B。
100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个理由是这些本能在很小的时候就出现了，在大多数父母开始训练他们的孩子学会社交之前。A. old旧的；B. young年轻的；C. middle中间的；D. late迟的。根据上文“the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，这些本能行为不是教出来的，而是生来就有的，所以是在人类很小的时候就出现了。故选B。
101．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. creatively创造性地；B. formally正式地；C. competitively竞争地；D. socially社交方面。根据上文“There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，帮助、告知和分享都属于社交行为，此处指父母教他们的孩子学习社交之前，他们已经知道怎么做了。故选D。
102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个原因是，社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展，至少与黑猩猩相比是这样。A. develops发展、养成；B. decreases减少；C. changes改变；D. disappears消失。根据上文“There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，人类儿童从很小的时候就知道合作和帮助，人们认为这是因为社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展。故选A。
103．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在托马塞洛进行的测试中，人类儿童在物理世界测试中并不比黑猩猩表现得更好，但在理解社交世界方面表现得要好得多。A. invisible看不见的；B. abstract抽象的；C. physical物质的、物理的；D. imaginary虚构的。根据下文“the social world”可知，与社会世界相对的应该是物理世界。故选C。
104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种能力的一部分是他们可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么。A. infer推断；B. adapt适应；C. absorb吸收；D. balance平衡。根据上文“The core of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality.”可知，儿童思维中有托马塞洛所说的共同意向性，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有，这种能力会让人类儿童可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么，所以他们从小就知道合作和分享。故选A。
105．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们积极寻求成为“我们”的一部分，一个致力于实现共同目标的团体。A. realistic实际的；B. shared共享的；C. specific特定的；D. ambitious野心勃勃的。根据上文“But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose.”可知，即使是很小的孩子也希望成为共同目标的一部分，所以他们会为实现加入有共同目标的团体而努力。故选B。

106．A 107．B 108．B 109．D 110．C 111．A 112．C 113．C 114．A 115．D 116．D 117．B 118．A 119．C 120．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者前往热带雨林，在导游的带领下，亲眼目睹了雨林奇观的经历。
106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的导游Carlos带领我们穿过茂密的树木和植物，直到我们到达一块空地，在那里我们可以看到我们正在寻找的鸟。A. led带领；B. helped帮助；C. pulled拉；D. drove驱使。根据上文“Our guide, Carlos”可知，Carlos是作者的导游，由此推断，Carlos带领作者他们穿过茂密的树木和植物。故选A。
107．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的导游Carlos带领我们穿过茂密的树木和植物，直到我们到达一块空地，在那里我们可以看到我们正在寻找的鸟。A. trap陷阱；B. clearing空地；C. source资源；D. farm农场。根据上文“I went on a bird-watching hike in the South American rainforest to see some rare birds.”可知，作者是去观鸟，所以导游是带领他们来到了可以观鸟的地方。故选B。
108．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我们静静地等着，希望能瞥见这种稀有的生物。A. in despair绝望地；B. in silence寂静地；C. with pride自豪地；D. with relief放松地。根据上文“I went on a bird-watching hike in the South American rainforest to see some rare birds.”可知，作者是去观鸟的，所以应该是静静地等待。故选B。
109．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，Carlos给了我们一个信号，指着附近的一棵树。A. Confusingly令人困惑地；B. Curiously好奇地；C. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. Suddenly突然。根据上文可知，作者是在等待着观鸟。而下文“Carlos gave us a signal and pointed to a. ____5____ nearby.”则讲的是Carlos给了作者一个信号，所以是突然给了一个信号。故选D。
110．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，Carlos给了我们一个信号，指着附近的一棵树。A. rock岩石；B. cave山洞；C. tree树；D. stream溪流。根据下文“We watched in awe(惊叹)as the bird flew from branch to branch”可知，鸟是在树枝上飞来飞去，所以导游是指着附近的一棵树。故选C。
111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们几乎什么也看不见，但Carlos发现了我们正在寻找的一种稀有鸟类。A. spotted发现；B. attacked袭击；C. caught抓住；D. saved挽救。根据下文“Carlos set up his telescope and adjusted the lens(镜头)until we could see the bird”可知，导游Carlos已经发现了鸟。故选A。
112．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Carlos拿起望远镜，调整镜头，直到我们能清楚地看到那只鸟。A. regularly定期地；B. personally私人地；C. clearly清晰地；D. briefly简短地。根据上文“Carlos set up his telescope and adjusted the lens(镜头)”可知，Carlos架起望远镜，调整镜头，根据常理推测，Carlos这样做是为了让我们能够清楚看到那只鸟。故选C。
113．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们敬畏地看着那只鸟从一根树枝飞到另一根树枝，似乎对我们的存在无动于衷。A. amazed惊叹的；B. frightened害怕的；C. unaffected不受影响的；D. unhurt没有受伤的。根据上文“We watched in awe(惊叹)as the bird flew from branch to branch”可知，鸟非常活跃，再根据上文可知，作者他们静静地在看鸟，所以鸟并没有受到影响。故选C。
114．考查动词短语词义辨析。这是一幅美丽的景色。句意：A. take in吸收、看到；B. hunt for搜寻；C. stir up激起；D. refer to提及、参考。根据上文“We watched in awe(惊叹)as the bird flew from branch to branch”可知，这是作者他们看到的美丽景色。故选A。
115．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，鸟儿飞走了，我们继续徒步旅行，为这次经历感到兴奋。A. tripped over绊倒；B. showed up出现；C. turned back转身、拒绝；D. flew away飞走。根据下文“we continued our hike”可知，作者他们继续徒步旅行，由此判断，鸟是飞走了。故选D。
116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，鸟儿飞走了，我们继续徒步旅行，为这次经历感到兴奋。A. attempt试图；B. performance表演；C. impact影响；D. experience经历、经验。根据下文“but it was worth it for the unique and unforgettable experience.”可知，作者他们虽然继续徒步，心中却还是对这次经历感到兴奋。故选D。
117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在雨林中观鸟是一项具有挑战性和耐心的活动，但这是一次独特而难忘的经历，值得一试。A. striking显著的；B. challenging具有挑战的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. beneficial有益的。根据空后的“patience-testing”可知，观鸟需要耐心，再根据上文可知，观鸟是有挑战性的。故选B。
118．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在丛林中看到鸟类的多样性，近距离欣赏它们的美丽，真是令人难以置信。A. diversity多样性；B. mystery神秘；C. mission任务；D. origin起源。根据上文内容可知，作者特意来雨林观鸟，并看到了许多罕见的鸟类，所以空处指的是作者看到了鸟类的多样性。故选A。
119．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Carlos是一位出色的导游，他与我们分享了他对环境的知识和热情。A. patience耐心；B. energy能量；C. passion热情；D. intention目的。根据上文可知，Carlos非常擅长寻找鸟，所以他对于环境是很有热情的。故选C。
120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会把这个活动推荐给任何热爱大自然，想要见证热带雨林奇观的人。A. show展示；B. promote提拔、促销；C. create创造；D. witness见证。根据上文可知，作者是前往雨林亲自观鸟，所以对作者而言，是见证了热带雨林奇观。故选D。

121．A 122．B 123．A 124．C 125．D 126．B 127．C 128．D 129．B 130．A 131．C 132．D 133．B 134．C 135．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者讲述了14岁生日时，作者的父母送给作者一个特别的礼物——乘坐伊丽莎白女王号去英国的旅行。
121．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我不想忘记这些细节。A. forget忘记；B. regret后悔；C. describe描述；D. repeat重复。根据前文“to write about this moment in my life”可知，作者要记录这些生命中的记忆，以免忘记细节。故选A。
122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我14岁生日快到了。A. continuing持续；B. approaching接近；C. waiting等待；D. passing通过。根据前文“My fourteenth birthday”以及后文“My dad came to me one evening and said, “We’ve been considering your birthday.””可知，作者14岁的生日快到了。故选B。
123．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我在其他生日收到过很多礼物，所以这个生日我没有什么特别想要的。A. presents礼物；B. snacks零食；C. cakes蛋糕；D. cards卡片。根据前文“I’d been given”可知，作者已经被给了很多礼物。故选A。
124．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈和我想给你提个建议。A. explain解释；B. throw扔；C. suggest建议；D. introduce介绍。根据后文“You can have a big party, and we can invite all your friends, or... we have another  ____5____ !”可知，对于作者的生日安排，作者父母给出了很多建议。故选C。
125．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以办一个大派对，我们可以邀请你所有的朋友，或者……我们有另一个主意！A. edition版本；B. purpose目的；C. role角色；D. idea主意。根据前文“You can have a big party, and we can invite all your friends,”可知，此处表示父母关于作者的生日有其他的想法或安排。故选D。
126．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“是吗？”我急切地问。“是什么呢？”A. secretly秘密地；B. eagerly急切地，渴望地；C. gratefully感激地；D. shyly害羞地。根据后文““What is it?””可知，作者急切地想知道父母另外关于生日的安排。故选B。
127．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我震惊得说不出话来。A. relaxed放松的；B. pleased愉快的；C. speechless无语的；D. hopeless绝望的。根据前文的“shocked”可知，表示作者听了父母的话之后震惊得说不出话。故选C。
128．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过再三考虑，我接受了这份提议。A. benefit好处；B. guideline方针；C. mission任务；D. offer提议。根据前文““We can take the Queen Elizabeth and sail to England.””可知，对于作者的生日，父母提出了带作者坐伊丽莎白女王号去英国的提议，故作者接受了该提议。故选D。
129．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面更精彩！A. complex复杂的；B. splendid极好的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. convenient便利的。根据后文“It had elevators, restaurants, places to play games, and a theater!”可知，船的里面有电梯、餐厅、玩游戏的地方，还有一个剧院，这是极好的。故选B。
130．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信这艘多层的船会一路驶过大西洋，但它做到了！A. believe相信；B. predict预测；C. realize意识到；D. understand明白。根据后文“that this multi-story ship was going to sail all the way across the Atlantic”可知，作者不敢相信这艘多层的船会一路驶过大西洋。故选A。
131．考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. if如果；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. unless除非。根据后文“it did”可知，前后构成转折关系，用but。故选C。
132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样就没人注意到这五个小时的时差了。A. allowed允许；B. doubted怀疑；C. mentioned提及；D. noticed注意到。根据前文“every night the captain put the ship’s clocks forward one hour.”可知，这次航行持续了六个晚上，船长每天晚上都把船上的钟拨快一小时。这样就没人注意到这五个小时的时差了。故选D。
133．考查动词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，我坐在甲板上，渴望看到一只海豚。A. deciding决定；B. desiring渴望；C. demanding要求；D. diving潜水。根据后文“to see a dolphin”可知，作者渴望看到海豚。故选B。
134．考查名词词义辨析。句意：三天后，我看到了一群海豚！A. file文件夹；B. pile堆；C. group组；D. ship船。根据后文“dolphins”可知，作者看到了一群海豚。故选C。
135．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我记得最清楚的是我的14岁生日，我的父母给了我旅行的礼物，这将持续到我以后的所有生日。A. health健康；B. hope希望；C. learning学习；D. traveling旅游。根据前文““We can take the Queen Elizabeth and sail to England.””可知，在作者14岁生日时，作者的父母让作者乘坐伊丽莎白女王号去英国的旅行作为生日礼物。故选D。

136．C 137．B 138．A 139．C 140．B 141．D 142．A 143．D 144．B 145．A 146．C 147．D 148．A 149．B 150．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过给家里增加一头奶牛，让孩子们在甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包以及家庭团聚的回忆中长大，体验真正值得的生活。
136．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们这一代的大多数人可能不知道，但问问我的孩子们——他们认为自己真正过着那种生活。A. escaping逃离；B. rebuilding重建；C. living居住，生活；D. celebrating庆祝。根据“the life”可知，此处表示真正过着的那种生活。故选C。
137．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在商店里买现成的牛奶和黄油是多么方便啊。A. cheap便宜的；B. convenient方便的；C. advanced先进的；D. wonderful极好的。根据“to buy milk and butter off the shelf in the store”可知，在商店里买现成的牛奶和黄油是很方便的事。故选B。
138．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我喜欢后退一步。A. step步骤，脚步；B. life生活；C. memory记忆；D. generation一代。根据下文“Don’t be afraid to take a step back with your family”可知，此处是信息词step的词汇复现。故选A。
139．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的孩子们将在甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包以及家庭团聚的回忆中长大。A. fit in适合；B. hold on坚持；C. grow up成长，长大；D. settle down定居。根据上文“I feel like we took a step “backward” when we bought a cow.”可知，作者希望自己的孩子们在甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包以及家庭团聚的回忆中长大。故选C。
140．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. history历史；B. togetherness相聚；C. acceptance接受，认可；D. commitment承诺。根据“The kids all take turns churning the milk in the bottle.”可知，在自己生产甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包的过程中，孩子们获得了家庭团聚的回忆。故选B。
141．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给家里添一头奶牛可不是个轻松的决定。A. tough艰难的；B. firm坚固的；C. crucial至关重要的，关键的；D. light轻松的。根据“I knew it would take time”可知，养一头奶牛不是一个轻松的决定。故选D。
142．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道这需要时间和努力，但我并不后悔。A. effort努力；B. trouble麻烦；C. practice练习；D. confidence自信。根据“but I haven’t regretted it”可知虽然添加一头奶牛需要时间和努力，作者并不后悔。故选A。
143．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的孩子们也没有抱怨额外的工作。A. put off推迟；B. given up放弃；C. returned to返回；D. complained about抱怨。根据“the extra work.”可知，孩子们没有抱怨额外的工作。故选D。
144．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都在这个尝试中找到了很多乐趣。A. butter黄油；B. joy快乐；C. power权力，力量；D. skill技巧。根据“They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.”可知，作者的家人在养奶牛的尝试中找到了很多乐趣。故选B。
145．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最大的孩子渴望做黄油。A. longing for渴望；B. living on以……为主食；C. setting about着手；D. keeping up保持。根据“It’s something she’s wanted to do with raw milk for years.”可知，作者最大的孩子渴望自己做黄油。故选A。
146．考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦完全变成黄油，孩子们就会兴奋地把搅乳器从瓶子上拿下来，看一看里面。A. Unless除非；B. Though尽管；C. Once一旦；D. Until直到。此处表示“一旦”，用once引导时间状语从句。故选C。
147．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. relieved感到宽慰的；B. shocked震惊的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. excited兴奋的。根据“They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.”可知，自己做黄油有很多乐趣，孩子们很兴奋。故选D。
148．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是每个人对有意义生活的想象都是一样的。A. rewarding值得的；B. peaceful和平的；C. normal正常的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据上文“Do you have any idea how rewarding it is to spread homemade butter on bread?”可知，此处是信息词rewarding的词汇复现。故选A。
149．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你如何培养你的孩子会影响下一代的欣赏和他们会有什么样的职业道德。A. regret后悔；B. appreciate欣赏，感激；C. suspect怀疑；D. envy羡慕。根据“How you raise your kids influences”可知，作者认为培养孩子的过程会影响孩子对生活的欣赏。故选B。
150．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要害怕和你的家人退后一步，过上更简单的生活。A. healthier更健康的；B. quieter更安静的；C. richer更富有的；D. simpler更简单的。根据“It adds so much simplicity to our lives.”可知，作者呼吁后退一步，让家人过上更简单的生活。故选D。