13 饮食天地(初中英语中考时文阅读+完型填空+任务型阅读)

The hamburger

汉堡包

体裁 说明文 难度★★★ 词数215

Doctors may tell you that fast food is bad for your health. But many young people don't listen to that. One of the most popular American fast food is hamburger.

It got its name from a German city, Hamburg. It was famous for its beef. McDonald's is one of the world's most famous fast-food restaurants. You can find it in many parts of the world. The first McDonald's was opened in Des Plaines, Illinois, in April 1955. But what makes McDonald's so popular?

Lee Cho, a South Korean, says, “I often go to McDonald's. It's clean, less expensive than other restaurants and saves time.”

Natalia, a girl from Moscow, says,“I find hamburgers very delicious and ice cream is out of this world.”

Karen Smith, from Frankfurt, says, “McDonald's is a favourite meeting point for my friends and me. We can sit there and talk for hours in a friendly atmosphere(氛围).There are lots of young people around. The food is also cheap.”

Older people are very critical(批评的)of this kind of food. Lots of young people in the US are too fat. Many parents think their children eat too much high-calorie(高卡路里的)food. It's not good for children.

1.The name “hamburger” came from________.

2.Which of the following is the reason why McDonald's is so popular?

① It has delicious hamburgers.

② The food is cheap and it is clean.

③ Children can eat healthy food there.

④ It is a good place to meet friends.

3.According to the passage, what can we learn about McDonald's?

A. McDonald's is the biggest restaurant in the world.

B. The first McDonald's was opened in Illinois.

C. McDonald's only sells hamburgers.

D. We can find McDonald's in all parts of the world.

4.From the last paragraph we can know________.

A. many parents like to buy food in McDonald's for their children

B. McDonald's is very popular with older people in the US

C. the food in McDonald's is good for young people

D. some young people are too fat because they eat too much food with high calories

重点句型及难句分析:

It's clean, less expensive than other restaurants and saves time.句意:它干净,比其他餐馆便宜,还节省时间.

“less+形形容词原级＋than”结构意为“不如／没有······(形容词)”,表示程度次于.

答案解析:

1.B 根据第二段中的“The hamburger got its name from the German city of Hamburg.”可知,汉堡包这个名字来自德国的城市汉堡.故选B.

2.A 根据第三段中的“It's clean, less expensive than other restaurants and saves time.”可知,麦当劳干净,食物价格比其他餐馆便宜,②入选;根据第四段中的“I find the hamburgers very delicious..”可知,麦当劳的汉堡很好吃,①入选;根据第五段中的“McDonald's is a favourite meeting point for my friends and me.”可知,麦当劳是个和朋友聚会的好地方,④人选.根据最后一段内容可知③说法错误,排除.故选A.

3.B 根据第二段中的“The first McDonald's was opened in Des Plaines, Illinois, in April 1955.”可知,第一家麦当劳于1955年4月在伊利诺斯州开张.故选B.

4.D根据最后一段中的“Lots of young people in the US are too fat. Many parents think their children eat too much high-calorie food.”可知,年轻人因为吃了太多高热量的食物而变得很胖.故选D.

A bowl of milk

一碗牛奶

体裁 记叙文 难度★★★  词数211

On a sunny spring morning, a rich young city boy was walking in the countryside. He came to a farm, asked for a bowl of milk and paid for it. He sat in the shade of a tree, broke his bread into pieces and dropped them into the milk.

Freddy, a poor boy from the nearby village, who was pale(苍白的) because he was always undernourished(营养不良的),looked at the boy under the tree and wanted very much to share that bowl of milk with him, but he was too shy to ask.

The rich boy noticed that boy and thought about leaving something in his bowl of milk, but he did not do so. When he finished drinking his milk, he noticed some writing on the bottom(底部)of his bowl and he began to blush(脸红). He immediately asked for another bowl of milk and a large piece of bread. When they were brought to him, he called Freddy, broke the bread and told the boy to eat.

The sentence that he had seen at the bottom of the bowl read: “Those who forget the poor do not deserve(应得)their own food.”The rich boy said to himself, “This is a sentence that should be inscribed on every dish that the rich own!”

1. In which season was the rich boy walking in the countryside?

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The poor boy asked the rich boy to share that bowl of milk.

B. The rich boy had a bowl of milk without paying any money.

C. Freddy's face turned red when the rich boy asked him to eat.

D. At first the rich boy didn't leave anything for Freddy.

3. The underlined word “inscribed” is similar in meaning to“________”.

4. What do you think of the rich boy?

重点句型及难句分析:

Freddy, a poor boy from the nearby village, who was pale because he was always undernourished, looked at the boy under the tree and wanted very much to share that bowl of milk with him, but he was too shy to ask.句意:Freddy是附近村子里的一个穷孩子,因为他总是营养不良,故脸色苍白.他看着树下的那个男孩,非常想和男孩分享那碗牛奶,但又羞于开口.

本句的句子主干是:Freddy looked at the boy and wanted very much to share that bowl of milk with him, but he was too shy to ask; who 引导的定语从句修饰a poor boy;定语从句中有一个because引导的原因状语从句;too...to...意为“太·····而不能·····”.

答案解析:

1.A 根据第一段中的“On a sunny spring morning, a rich young city boy was walking in the countryside.”可知,这个富裕的男孩是在一个阳光明媚的春天的早晨走在乡间的.故选A.

2.D 根据第三段中的“The rich boy noticed that boy and thought about leaving something in his bowl of milk, but he did not do so.”可知,起初,富裕的男孩并没有给Freddy留下任何东西.故选D.

3.B 根据最后一段中的“The sentence that he had seen at the bottom of the bowl read...”可知,他在碗底看到了句子,所以可推断出这句话是写在碗底的.由此推知,这个富裕的男孩认为这句话应该写在富人的每一个盘子上.因此画线词inscribe在此处意为“写上”.故选B.

4.C 根据全文内容可知,这个富裕的男孩曾考虑过留下一些东西,后来又特地为穷孩子Freddy买牛奶和面包,而且希望富人的盘子都写上“忘记穷人的人,不配得到自己的食物”这句话.所以这个男孩总体上来说是善良、友善的.故选C.

Eating healthily

健康饮食

体裁 说明文 难度★★★ 词数238

Young people know it's important to have good eating habits and many are trying to eat healthily. Read what these students say.

Porscha Hall

I usually skip(跳过)breakfast. For lunch, I have a hamburger and juice. I buy them from school. I know my mum wants me to eat healthily, but the fact is that I don't have much time and fast food is often an easy thing to get and eat. So I often have a lot of fruit and vegetables and drink some milk for dinner.

Roy Patel

I am a big fresh fruit eater. It is unusual for a 15-year-old boy. I love apples, nectarines, bananas and oranges. I never skip breakfast. For me, it's the most important meal of the day. At school, I only have soup and sometimes an apple. I usually come home at around 3 o'clock and I have a vegetable salad. When I eat out, I also try to choose healthy dishes, but sometimes I can't resist(抵挡)some delicious biscuits.

Rashida Ross

My mum's rule for eating is to have a salad with every meal. I try to do what my mum does with fruit and vegetables. I know it's good for me. I'm not a big fried-food eater and my parents try not to buy biscuits and sweets. We always have fresh fruit and yogurt in the house, and that helps me to keep good eating habits.

1. What do we know about Porscha Hall's lunch?

A. It's not so healthy.

B. It's similar to his dinner.

C. His mum prepares it for him.

D. He sometimes doesn't have time for it.

2.The underlined word “nectarines” is a kind of________.

3.Which of the following is TRUE about Roy Patel?

A. He never eats biscuits.

B. He has lunch at home.

C. He usually has a vegetable salad after school.

D. He thinks lunch is the most important meal.

4. What do the three students have in common?

重点句型及难句分析:

I know my mum wants me to eat healthily, but the fact is that I don't have much time and fast food is often an easy thing to get and eat.句意:我知道我妈妈想让我吃得健康,但事实是我没有太多的时间,并且快餐通常是容易得到和吃到的东西.

that I don't have much time and fast food is often an easy thing to get and eat是 that 引导的表语从句;to get and eat是动词不定式作定语,修饰thing.

答案解析:

1.A 根据 Porscha Hall 中的“For lunch, I have a hamburger and juice. I buy them from school. I know my mum wants me to eat healthily, but the fact is that I don't have much time and fast food is often an easy thing to get and eat.”可知,Porscha Hall 经常中午吃快餐,所以Proscha Hall的午餐是不健康的.故选A.

2.A 根据画线词所在句“I love apples, nectarines, bananas and oranges.”可知,nectarines 与“apples” “bananas”和“oranges”并列,故可推测画线词nectarines 也是一种水果.故选A.

3.C 根据 Roy Patel 中的“I usually come home at around 3 o'clock and I have a vegetable salad.”可知,放学回家后,Roy Patel通常吃蔬菜沙拉.故选C.

4.A根据Porscha Hall 中的“So I often have a lot of fruit and vegetables and drink some milk for dinner.”和Roy Patel 中的“I also try to choose healthy dishes...”,以及 Rashida Ross 中的“We always have fresh fruit and yogurt in the house, and that helps me to keep good eating habits.”可知,三个学生的共同之处在于他们都在努力吃得健康.故选A.阅读理解D

Can we eat Halloween pumpkins?

我们可以吃万圣节南瓜吗?

体裁 说明文 难度★★★★  词数230

Every year, there are about 900 million pounds of pumpkins in the US. But most of them are not for eating; they will be carved(雕刻)into pumpkin lanterns. This makes pumpkins a special part of American agriculture(农业).For those people who like nice food, they have a few questions: Are the pumpkins sold for Jack-o'-lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food? And are Halloween pumpkins good to eat?

Howden pumpkins are the most common decorative pumpkin variety(常见的装饰性南瓜品种). They are grown specifically for carving into Jack-o'-lanterns, so they don't taste very good. They have thin walls, and even a cheap knife can cut them. “Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat, but it's not the best kind to use for cooking,”says Daria McKelvey, a supervisor for the Kemper Centre for Home Gardening at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Carving pumpkins are grown for their large size, not the taste.

If you really want to cook your carving pumpkin, take the seeds. Seeds from different pumpkin varieties can become a nice snack. Another way is to mash(捣成泥)your carving pumpkin and add some sugar, making it into a dessert(甜点).

Whatever you do, make sure your pumpkin isn't carved up already when you decide to cook it. “Never use a pumpkin that's been carved into a Jack-o'-lantern, or you could be doing with bacteria, dirt and dust, and other microbes(微生物),”McKelvey says.

1.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A. Howden pumpkins can't be made into Jack-o'-lanterns.

B. Howden pumpkins have a good taste.

C. It's easy to cut Howden pumpkins.

D. Howden pumpkins are as big as pumpkins sold as food.

2. What makes pumpkins a special part of American agriculture?

A. There are about 900 million pounds of pumpkins in the US.

B. Most of pumpkins in the US are carved into pumpkin lanterns.

C. Pumpkins sold for carving are different from pumpkins sold as food.

D. People can also eat Halloween pumpkins.

3. How many ways does the writer talk about cooking carving pumpkins in the passage?

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Seeds from pumpkins can be a delicious snack.

B. You can cook your pumpkin when it is carved.

C. Jack-o'-lanterns are special pumpkin type.

D. Carving pumpkins usually have thick walls.

重点句型及难句分析:

If you really want to cook your carving pumpkin, take the seeds.句意:如果你真的想烹饪你的雕刻南瓜,那就取出它的籽.

if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句;此句的主句为祈使句.

答案解析:

1.C 根据第二段中的“They have thin walls, and even a cheap knife can cut them.”可知,它们的皮很薄,即使是便宜的刀也能切开它们,说明它们易于切开.故选C.

2.B 根据第一段中的“But most of them are not for eating; they will be carved into pumpkin lanterns. This makes pumpkins a special part of American agriculture.”可知,美国每年产出的大多数南瓜不是用来吃的,而是被雕刻成南瓜灯笼,这使得南瓜成为美国农业特殊的一部分.故选B.

3.B 根据第三段中的“Seeds from different pumpkin varieties can become a nice snack. Another way is to mash your carving pumpkin and add some sugar, making it into a dessert.”可知,作者讲述了两种烹饪雕刻南瓜的方法:一种是取南瓜的籽作为一种小吃;另一种是将南瓜捣成泥,并且加一些糖,做成一种甜点.故选B.

4.A 根据第三段中的“Seeds from different pumpkin varieties can become a nice snack.”可知,南瓜的籽可以做成一种美味的小吃.故选A.

A Chinese cook in Türkiye

一名在土耳其的中国厨师

体裁 说明文 难度★★★★  词数212

Shen Hu, from Shenyang, Liaoning Province, is good at cooking. He came to Istanbul, Türkiye's biggest city, in 2005. Since then, he has been working at a local(当地的)Chinese  1  .He has introduced Chinese dishes and food culture to the Turkish people through his good  2  skills.

“All the seasonings(调味品)used in my kitchen are brought directly(直接地) from China by air in order to(为了) make Turkish people  3  great Chinese food,” Shen said. He not only cooks dishes from his hometown but also offers  4  famous Chinese dishes. According to Shen, his meals are suitable(适合的)for the taste of Turkish people, and the interest among them in Chinese food is  5  .

Husey in Arslan, a college student, usually has his lunch in the restaurant, and Beijing duck is one of his  6  . For him, the flavours of Turkish and Chinese food are  7  to each other, and there is much in common. “Turkish people can have a  8  ,”he suggested.

Cihangir Yalcin, an owner of a nearby shop, is  9  in Shen's dishes. Yalcin comes to the restaurant  10  he finds time and always recommends(推荐)his friends to try the delicious Chinese food served in the restaurant. “I love his veggie rice and sweet and sour chicken the most,” he said.

重点句型及难句分析:

He came to Istanbul, Türkiye's biggest city, in 2005.句意:他在2005年来到了土耳其最大的城市伊斯坦布尔.

biggest意为“最大的”,是形容词big的最高级形式.

答案解析:

1.B 根据第一段中的“is good at cooking”以及全文内容可知,他的工作地点应该是当地的一家中餐饭店.factory意为“工厂”;restaurant意为“饭店”;theatre 意为“剧院”;hospital 意为“医院”.故选B.

2.B 根据第一段中的“is good at cooking”可知,他擅长厨艺,所以他是通过自己优秀的烹饪技术向土耳其人介绍中国菜和饮食文化的.speak意为“讲话”;cook意为“烹饪”;sing意为“唱歌”;make意为“制作”.故选B.

3.C 根据空格前的“All the seasonings used in my kitchen are brought directly from China by air..”可知,从中国空运调料,是为了使土耳其人享受到美味的中国菜.hate意为“讨厌”;smell意为“闻”;enjoy意为“享受;喜欢”;buy意为“买”.故选

4.A 此处是说他不仅做家乡菜,还做其他的中国名菜.other意为“其他的”;local意为“当地的”;colourful 意为“丰富多彩的”;expensive意为“昂贵的”.故选A.

5.C 根据空格前的“his meals are suitable for the taste of Turkish people”可知,他的菜很符合土耳其人的胃口,所以他们对中国菜的兴趣增加了.go意为“走”;arrive 意为“到达”;grow 意为“增加”;follow 意为“跟随”.故选C.

6.C 空格前提到Husey经常来这家店吃饭,由此推测Husey很喜欢中国菜,所以此处应该是说北京烤鸭是他特别喜欢的菜之一.dish意为“菜”,不能表达出喜欢的意思;wish意为“愿望”;favourite意为“特别喜欢的人或物”,此处引申为“特别喜欢的菜”;post意为“邮政”.故选C.

7.B 根据空格后的“there is much in common”可知,土耳其菜和中国菜有很多共同之处,所以土耳其菜和中国菜口味很接近.healthy意为“健康的”;close意为“接近的”;helpful意为“有帮助的”;delicious 意为“可口的”.故选B.

8.A 此处是说土耳其人可以尝试一下.try意为“尝试”;talk意为“谈话”;touch 意为“接触”;look意为“看”.故选A.

9.D 根据下文中的“always recommends his friends to try the delicious Chinese food"可知,Cihangir Yalcin总是将这家饭店的中国菜推荐给朋友,说明他很喜欢这家饭店的中国菜,对这家饭店的中国菜感兴趣.comfortable 意为“舒服的”;special意为“特别的”;important 意为“重要的”;interested 意为“感兴趣的”.故选D.

10.D 上文提到,Cihangir Yalcin 对这家饭店的中国菜感兴趣且总是推荐他的朋友们去尝尝这家饭店里美味的中国菜,由此说明他很喜欢这家饭店的中国菜,所以每当他有时间的时候就会来这家饭店.whatever意为“无论什么”;however 意为“无论怎样”;wherever 意为“无论在哪里”;whenever意为“每当”.故选D.

French fries

法式炸薯条

体裁 说明文  难度★★ 词数 186

Many people in the world like French fries. Maybe you are fond of them, too. Do you think French fries are really from France?

French people have invented many great things. However, one thing they did not invent is the French fry.

There's a story about French fries. French fries actually come from Belgium(比利时)．People there began frying potatoes in the late 1600s. At that time, poor villagers in Belgium often ate small fried fish. During the winter months, the rivers were frozen. The villagers could not fish. They had to find other food. So they turned to the potato. They sliced and fried it in much the same way as they prepared the fish. Then the earliest French fries were born.

During World War I , some American soldiers in Belgium were first introduced to French fries. The official language(官方语言)of the Belgian army was French. So the American soldiers named the delicious fried food “French fries”.

The name stuck. Today, many people still mistakenly(错误地)believe that French people invented the fried potatoes. It's interesting that French fries come from Belgium instead of France.

1. Where do French fries come from?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Why did the villagers have to find other food during the winter months?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

3. How did the villagers prepare the potato?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What was the official language of the Belgian army during World War I?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

重点句型及难句分析:

However, one thing they did not invent is the French fry.句意:然而,有一样东西不是他们发明的－法式炸薯条.

they did not invent是定语从句,修饰先行词one thing.

答案解析:

1.Belgium.

2.Because the rivers were frozen, and they could not fish.

3.They sliced and fried it.

4.French.

津津有味

Amazing macarons

神奇的马卡龙

Some food is both good-looking and good-tasting. But some food is so beautiful that we want to save it as works of art. Such is the case with the macarons made by Kim Delia.

Kim runs a flower shop in Switzerland. Baking is one of her hobbies. When she's not working with flowers or flour, she rides her motorbike or plays in a band. Her life is as colourful as her pretty macarons!

Two year ago, Kim started baking for fun and joined a baking group. Some members sadly posted photos of their cracked macarons. One time, Kim found cracks in her macarons, too. She didn't feel sad about it. Instead, she coloured the cracks and shared a photo of them in the group. Everyone fell in love with her “broken” art.

Later, she tried out more ideas on macarons. She made roses, leaves and even little rabbits in them. “When I make these macarons, the taste isn't the most important thing,” the baker said.“I just make sure they're nice to look at.”

In fact, we don't mind that. We wouldn't want to bite into her artworks anyway!

开心辞典