2022-2023学年福建省宁德市普通高三毕业班5月份质量检测英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省宁德市普通高三毕业班5月份质量检测英语试卷含答案，共30页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2023届宁德市普通高中毕业班五月份质量检测
英语
(试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will the woman do at the weekend?
A. Go for a drive. B. Learn how to cook. C. Help her father.
2. Why did James quit his job?
A. To start his own firm.
B. To work for his friend.
C. To go back t school.
3. How much will the man pay?
A. $ 20. B. $80. C. $100.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a classroom.
5. What are they talking about?
A. Mr. Gray’s appearance. B. Mr. Gray’s suit. C. Mr. Gray’s beard.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最让选项、并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6. What is the man doing?
A. Giving a speech. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Introducing a person.
7. Why does the woman sing so well?
A. She is young.
B. She has a great teacher.
C. She teaches singing.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the relationship between them?
A. Former schoolmates. B. Guide and tourist. C. Strangers.
9. What did the woman do in China?
A. She visited some schools.
B. She studied in college.
C. She took an exam.
10. What impressed the woman most?
A. The holidays. B. The educational environment. C. The villages.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened to the man?
A. He parked in a wrong place.
B. He had an accident.
C He got a traffic ticket.
12. At what speed was the man going?
A. 35 miles per hour. B. 55 miles per hour. C. 90 miles per hour.
13. Why did the man drive so fast?
A. To give a lesson. B. To reach school on time. C. To avoid the rush hour.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the woman?
A. An architect. B. A gallery worker. C. A saleswoman.
15. How did the man know about the gallery?
A. From his friend. B. From a website. C. From a magazing
16. What does the man think of the exhibition?
A. He doesn’t like it at all.
B. He likes the video a lot.
C. He is fond of the paintings.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the center aim to do?
A. Set up a relaxing place.
B. Encourage a healthy life.
C. Provide some entertainment.
18. What is included in the diet?
A. Red meat. B. Various wines. C. Fish and chicken.
19. What can be done at the center?
A. Relaxing in the garden. B. Chatting online. C. Watching TV.
20. How can the members have newspapers sent to their rooms?
A. By paying booking fee.
B. By informing the librarian.
C. By contacting the receptionist.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Why You Should Visit the Four Imperial Cities of Morocco
Fez
Fez is arguably the most storied of the four imperial (皇家的) cities. It was founded in the late 9th century and it served as a capital seven times, most recently in 1912. Thanks to its long run as a capital in different eras, the city is home to numerous historical museums and important monuments. Visit Fez to learn more about Morocco’s history, check out its unique architecture, and experience its energetic culture.
Marrakesh
Marrakesh was founded in the late 11th century and it served as the capital for four different dynasties. It is now considered the No.1 tourist destination in Morocco, with visitors from all over the world coming to see its luxury imperial palaces, splendid gardens, and ancient markets and try some of the best food in this part of the world.
Meknes
Meknes was Morocco’s capital between 1672 and 1727. Even this short period was enough to leave a lasting mark on the city in the form of old imperial palaces, castles, and gates. The city also has plenty of other fascinating things to check out, like the Museum of Moroccan Art, several old mosques (清真寺), old markets, and nearby Roman Ruins.
Rabat
Rabat is the current capital of the country. It was founded by the Almohad dynasty in the 12th century with this purpose, although it took until 1955 for the city to claim this status officially. There are numerous historical tourist attractions to check out in Rabat, including the Mausoleum of Mohamed V, the unfinished Hassan Tower, and the Chellah Roman Ruins. Being situated at the seaside also means that you will be able to have other activities besides sightseeing.
1. What is Fez famous for?
A. Its luxury palaces. B. Its numerous art museums.
C. Its Roman Ruins. D. Its long term as a capital.
2. What can you see in both Marrakesh and Meknes?
A. Old markets. B. Imperial castles.
C. Ancient mosques. D. A Splendid gardens
3. When was the current capital confirmed?
A. In the 12th century. B. In the 17th century.
C. In the 19th century. D. In the 20th century.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是摩洛哥的四大皇城。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fez部分中的“Fez is arguably the most storied of the four imperial (皇家的) cities. It was founded in the late 9th century and it served as a capital seven times, most recently in 1912.( Fez可以说是四大皇城中最具传奇色彩的一座。它建于9世纪末，曾七次作为首都，最近一次是在1912年。)”可知，Fez是四个皇城中最具传奇色彩的，曾7次封为首都，因此可知，它因为长期作为首都而出名。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Marrakesh部分中的“It is now considered the No.1 tourist destination in Morocco, with visitors from all over the world coming to see its luxury imperial palaces, splendid gardens, and ancient markets and try some of the best food in this part of the world.(现在，它被认为是摩洛哥的头号旅游目的地，来自世界各地的游客都来这里参观豪华的皇家宫殿、壮丽的花园和古老的市场，品尝世界上最好的食物。)”以及Meknes部分中的“The city also has plenty of other fascinating things to check out, like the Museum of Moroccan Art, several old mosques (清真寺), old markets, and nearby Roman Ruins.(这座城市还有很多其他迷人的地方值得一看，比如摩洛哥艺术博物馆、几座古老的清真寺、古老的市场和附近的罗马遗址。)”可知，这两处皇城中都可以看到古老的市场。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rabat中的“It was founded by the Almohad dynasty in the 12th century with this purpose, although it took until 1955 for the city to claim this status officially.(它是由阿尔莫哈德王朝在12世纪建立的，目的是为了这个目的，尽管直到1955年这座城市才正式宣布这一地位。)”可知，Raba是在12世纪的时候建立，到1995年才正式宣布成为现在的首都。故选D项。
B
It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was five when she and her mother were trapped on the ledge (窗台) of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen below, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ambition: She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.
She told that to the men who had saved her, and they laughed good-naturedly the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star. But this was back in a time when little girls weren’t even allowed to fantasize about such grand goals.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her, “you’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a fireman.”
And then, as it tends to do, life sidelined her dreams. She was studying for a degree in aviation (航空) technology — the only female in her class — and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis.
Later, Dennis was diagnosed with cancer, and Peterson spent 31 years caring for him. At 61, she went on an ambulance ride-along. It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, and Peterson felt that long-ago childhood calling. She earned her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. She found that her years of tending to Dennis had prepared her for dealing with various hurts and ills.
After a year, she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter.
The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t stop her. She passed the written test, she cleared the physical and, finally, that little girl’s dream became a reality.
4. What inspired Peterson to be a firefighter?
A. Her physical abilities. B. Her being rescued in fire.
C. Her mother’s expectation. D. Her lifesaving experience.
5. Why did the rescuers laugh about Peterson’s dream?
A. They thought it was a satisfying dream.
B. They thought she was gifted in being a nurse.
C. They thought it was just a childish dream for a girl.
D. They thought kids should dream of being an astronaut.
6. Which words can best describe Peterson?
A. Curious and wise. B. Talented and educated.
C. Creative and devoted. D. Determined and caring.
7. What can we know from the text?
A. She was most experienced in her training unit.
B. Her dream came true because of her childhood calling.
C. Her aviation technology enabled her to realize her dream.
D. Years of attending her husband contributed to realizing her dream.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是名叫Andrea Peterson的小女孩五岁时在一次火灾中被救，立志要成为一名消防员，克服了种种障碍后，终于实现了自己的梦想。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的““Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen below, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ambition: She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.(“把孩子放下来！”下面的一名消防员说，小Andrea跳进了救生员的怀抱，实现了她一生的梦想：她想像救援人员一样扑灭大火)”可知，在小Andrea被救后，她就有了要成为消防员的终生梦想。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She told that to the men who had saved her, and they laughed good-naturedly the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.(她把这些话告诉了那些救过她的人，他们善意地笑了起来，就像大人们听到孩子说他们想成为宇航员或体育明星那样)”可推知，在这些救援者眼里，她的梦想就如同孩子说自己想要成为宇航员一样的幼稚。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的““Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen below, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ambition: She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.(“把孩子放下来！”下面的一名消防员说，小Andrea跳进了救生员的怀抱，实现了她一生的梦想：她想像救援人员一样扑灭大火)”可知，小Andrea在五岁就有了想成为消防员的梦想，以及第六段中的“At 61, she went on an ambulance ride-along. It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, and Peterson felt that long-ago childhood calling.(61岁时，她上了救护车。这是一个生死攸关的情况，Peterson感到了很久以前童年时代的召唤)”可知，61岁的她感受到了童年梦想的召唤，在最后一段中“The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t stop her. She passed the written test, she cleared the physical and, finally, that little girl’s dream became a reality.(虽然她的训练组里其他人都在18到21岁之间，但这并没有阻止她。她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最后，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实)”讲述的是最终实现了梦想。由此推知，Peterson是意志坚定的；根据倒数第三段中的“Later, Dennis was diagnosed with cancer, and Peterson spent 31 years caring for him.(后来，Dennis被诊断出患有癌症，Peterson花了31年的时间照顾他。)”可知，她照顾她的丈夫31年，说明她很关心人。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Later, Dennis was diagnosed with cancer, and Peterson spent 31 years caring for him.(后来，Dennis被诊断出患有癌症，Peterson花了31年的时间照顾他)”可知，Peterson照顾她丈夫31年，以及下文中的“She found that her years of tending to Dennis had prepared her for dealing with various hurts and ills.(她发现，多年来对Dennis的照顾使她为应对各种伤害和疾病做好了准备)”可知，她在照顾她丈夫过程中，让她应对各种疾病和伤害做好准备。由此推知，她多年照顾她丈夫促进了实现她的梦想。故选D项。
C
Removing footwear before going into someone else’s house is seen as a sign of respect in certain cultures. Yet in the U.S., many worry that this request comes across as rude. But there may be good reason for you to ban shoes indoors.
A 2018 survey showed that a significant 87% of Americans report taking off their shoes while at home. 31% say they will “always” remove their shoes inside their house, while 26% say they do so “most of the time.”
But when it comes to asking guests to do the same, the prevalence is much lower. Around 50% of Americans admit that they never ask guests to take off their shoes. And out of those who specifically say they always take off their own shoes at home, only 25 % said they expect that the same from their visitors.
Maybe you think it’s rude to do so. Or maybe you see it as an inconvenience. Regardless of the reason for your hesitation, experts say you really should be making sure people leave their footwear at the front door. A no shoe policy can help maintain cleanliness and hygiene (卫生).
According to Godoy, a cleaning expert, banning outdoor footwear can “significantly reduce” the amount of dirt being tracked indoors.
Wearing shoes indoors can introduce bacteria and other stuff to your floors, which can build up over time and turn into a real problem. In fact, a major study from microbiologist Charles Gerba found that harmful bacteria such as coliform and E. coli can be detected on the outside of 96% of shoes. These contaminants (污染物) can then be spread throughout the home when people walk around indoors with their shoes on.
“Removing shoes at the door can help prevent the spread of these contaminants and promote a cleaner, healthier living environment,” says Zeeshan Afzal, a medical doctor.
8. What can be learned about the 2018 survey?
A. 26% of those surveyed ask guests to take off their shoes.
B. 31% of those surveyed take off their shoes when visiting friends.
C. More than half of those surveyed tend to take off shoes at home.
D. Most of those surveyed realize the benefits of taking off shoes at home.
9. What does the underlined word “prevalence” probably mean?
A. Popularity. B. Suggestion. C. Introduction. D. Similarity.
10. Which is the purpose of removing shoes indoors?
A. To keep out bnetern B. To protect C. To meet hosts’ need D. To remove communicate
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Taking off Shoes Indoors Convenient?
B. Taking off Shoes Indoors a Custom?
C. Taking off Shoes Indoors a Must?
D. Taking off Shoes Indoors Fashlonnble?
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现，进屋前将鞋子留在门外面有很多好处，所以有必要进屋前脱掉鞋子。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A 2018 survey showed that a significant 87% of Americans report taking off their shoes while at home. 31% say they will “always” remove their shoes inside their house, while 26% say they do so “most of the time.”(2018年的一项调查显示，87%的美国人报告在家脱鞋。31%的人说他们“总是”在家里脱鞋，而26%的人说他们“大部分时间”都这样做。)”可知，在被调查的对象中，81%的人会在家时脱下鞋子，也就是大多数被调查的人在家脱鞋。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Around 50% of Americans admit that they never ask guests to take off their shoes.(大约50%的美国人承认他们从不要求客人脱鞋。)”可知，大约50%的美国人从不让客人脱鞋，结合上段中的“A 2018 survey showed that a significant 87% of Americans report taking off their shoes while at home.(2018年的一项调查显示，87%的美国人报告在家脱鞋。)”可知，大部分人在家都是脱鞋的，说明在美国这是很流行的事情，但是让客人也进门脱鞋的人却没人么多，由此可推断，该单词的意思是“流行”。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Wearing shoes indoors can introduce bacteria and other stuff to your floors, which can build up over time and turn into a real problem.(在室内穿鞋会将细菌和其他东西引入地板，随着时间的推移，细菌和其他东西会积聚并变成一个真正的问题。)”可知，穿鞋自己进入室内回家细菌等其他东西引入地板，久而久之，会产生真正的问题，由此可知，在室内脱鞋的目的是阻止细菌。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Yet in the U.S., many worry that this request comes across as rude. But there may be good reason for you to ban shoes indoors.(然而，在美国，许多人担心这一要求会显得粗鲁。但是您可能有充分的理由禁止在室内穿鞋。)”可知，要求人进门脱鞋担心有些粗鲁，但是有足够的理由禁止在室内穿鞋，引出本文的话题，结合下文讲述的研究发现证实了进屋脱鞋有很多的好处，所以本文的标题是“进屋脱鞋必要吗”与本文内容一致，且概括了本文的主题。故选C项
D
A study conducted by Cornell University examined how the use of AI in conversations impacts the way people express themselves and view each other
The researchers have found people have more efficient conversations, use more positive language and perceive each other more positively when using an Al-enabled chat tool.
However, the group also found that when participants think their partner is using more AI-suggested responses, they consider that partner as less cooperative.
“I was surprised to find people tend to evaluate you more negatively simply because they suspect you’ re using AI to help compose text, regardless of whether you actually are,” said Jess Hohenstein, the lead researcher. “This illustrates the continuous overall doubt that people seem to have around AI.”
For their first experiment, participants were asked to talk about a policy issue and assigned to one of three conditions: both participants can use smart replies; only one participant can use smart replies; or neither participant can use smart replies. Researchers found that using smart replies increased communication efficiency, positive emotional language and positive evaluations by communication partners. On average, smart replies accounted for 14.3% of sent messages.
But participants who their partners suspected of responding with smart replies were evaluated more negatively than those who were thought to have typed their own responses, consistent with common assumptions about the negative implications of AI.
“While Al might be able to help you write,” Hohenstein said, “it’s altering your language in ways you might not expect, especially by making you sound more positive. This suggests that by using text-generating Al, you’re giving up some of your own personal voice.”
Malte Jung, an associate professor, said, “What we observe in this study is the impact that Al has on social dynamics and some of the unintended consequences that could result from integrating AI in social contexts. This suggests that whoever controls the algorithm(算法) may have influence on people’s interactions, language and insights into each other.”
12. What is the text mainly about?
A. Methods of using AI in conversations.
B. Efficiency of using AI in conversations.
C. Convenience of using AI in conversations.
D. Impacts of using AI in conversations.
13. How do the researchers draw their conclusion?
A. By analyzing figures. B. By making use of AI.
C. By making experiments. D. By completing questionnaires.
14. Which statement does Hohenstein agree with?
A. Al always expresses in ways you expect.
B. Algorithm will never influence people’s insights.
C. Trust can be affected by using AI in conversation.
D. You will regain your voice by using AI in conversation.
15. How will a person feel about suspecting his partner’s using smart replies?
A. Nervous. B. Uncomfortable. C. Excited. D. Puzzled.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是一项研究解释了人工智能是如何影响人们表达自己和看待彼此的。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A study conducted by Cornell University examined how the use of AI in conversations impacts the way people express themselves and view each other.(康奈尔大学进行的一项研究调查了人工智能在对话中的使用如何影响人们表达自己和看待彼此的方式。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是在对话中使用人工智能的影响。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For their first experiment, participants were asked to talk about a policy issue and assigned to one of three conditions: both participants can use smart replies; only one participant can use smart replies; or neither participant can use smart replies.Researchers found that using smart replies increased communication efficiency, positive emotional language and positive evaluations by communication partners.(在他们的第一个实验中，参与者被要求谈论一个政策问题，并被分配到三个条件中的一个：两个参与者都可以使用智能回答；只有一个参与者可以使用智能回复；或者两个参与者都不能使用智能回复。研究人员发现，使用智能回复可以提高沟通效率、积极的情感语言和沟通伙伴的积极评价。)”可知，研究者将参与者分成三个条件之一，研究发现，使用智能回复可以提高沟通效率，由此可知，本研究结论是通过实验得来。故选C项。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I was surprised to find people tend to evaluate you more negatively simply because they suspect you’ re using AI to help compose text, regardless of whether you actually are,” said Jess Hohenstein, the lead researcher. “This illustrates the continuous overall doubt that people seem to have around AI.”(首席研究员杰斯·霍恩斯坦(Jess Hohenstein)说:“我很惊讶地发现，人们往往会因为怀疑你在使用人工智能来帮助撰写文本而对你的评价更负面，而不管你是否真的在使用人工智能。”“这说明人们似乎对人工智能存在持续的整体怀疑。”)”可知，杰斯·霍恩斯坦惊讶人们对人工智能的持续整体怀疑，由此可知，Hohenstein可能会赞成“在对话中使用人工智能会影响信任”。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, the group also found that when participants think their partner is using more AI-suggested responses, they consider that partner as less cooperative.(然而，该小组还发现，当参与者认为他们的伴侣使用了更多人工智能建议的回答时，他们会认为对方不太合作。)”可知，当参与者认为同伴使用人工智能作出回应时，会认为该同伴不太合作，以及倒数第三段中的“But participants who their partners suspected of responding with smart replies were evaluated more negatively than those who were thought to have typed their own responses, consistent with common assumptions about the negative implications of AI.(但是，与那些被认为是自己打字回复的参与者相比，那些被伴侣怀疑使用人工智能回复的参与者受到的评价更为负面，这与关于人工智能负面影响的普遍假设是一致的。)”可知，怀疑同伴使用人工智能作出回应的人，给出更多负面评价，因此推断他们会感到不舒服。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are now having face-to-face chats with friends instead of talking online. But have you ever been in a conversation that you wish you could run away from? ____16____
A research team surveyed 806 participants about a recent conversation they had with someone close to them. The participants were asked about the actual length and their expected length of the conversation, and how long they thought the other person wanted to talk for.
According to the team’s paper published in the journal PNAS, about one-third of the conversation length was unwanted. ____17____ On average, they continued talking for 3.87 minutes before they sensed that the other speaker, too, wished to end it. Situations are similar when it comes to strangers. Only about 1.6 percent of the conversations ended when both parties wanted them to.
The paper pointed out that when they talk to strangers, what makes people “mask their desires” may be their politeness. When talking to close friends and family, it may be their kindness as ending the chat too soon may hurt the other’s feelings.
____18____ Saying you only have a certain amount of time to talk at the start of the chat is a good place to start. “Remember conversations don’t end because people don’t know when the other person wants to go,” Adam Mastroianni who led the study told the Inverse website. ____19____ For example, clearly communicate that you had a nice time and would like to talk again.
However, in some ways, this may not be a bad thing. ____20____ Conversation is a good way to make these connections happen.
A. After all, people need social connections.
B. It’s difficult to run away from a conversation.
C. So what is the best way to end a conversation?
D. Scientists have proved that you might not be alone.
E. And some participants felt trapped in the conversation.
F. You should make your partner feel good about the end of the chat.
G. Also, more participants believed they wanted to end the conversation first.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现人们在面对面聊天时，都想先结束谈话，并且指出了该如何结束谈话让对方感觉更好一些。
【16题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为引出下文，根据空前的“But have you ever been in a conversation that you wish you could run away from?(但是你有没有进行过你希望你能逃避的谈话？)”可知，用问句的形式提出本文话题“有没有想要结束对话？”，根据空后的“A research team surveyed 806 participants about a recent conversation they had with someone close to them.(一个研究小组调查了806名参与者，了解他们最近与亲近的人的对话。)”提到了一项关于这一话题的研究，D选项“Scientists have proved that you might not be alone.(科学家已经证明，你可能并不唯一这样的。)”讲述的是这样的情况不只是你一人有，进而引出下文的研究，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“On average, they continued talking for 3.87 minutes before they sensed that the other speaker, too, wished to end it.(平均来说，在他们意识到对方也想结束谈话之前，他们会继续讲3.87分钟。)”中的“too”可知，此空处应与结束对话相关，G选项“Also, more participants believed they wanted to end the conversation first.(此外，更多的参与者认为他们想先结束对话。)”讲述的是很多参与者想先结束对话，与空后的“也想结束对话”内容衔接。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“When talking to close friends and family, it may be their kindness as ending the chat too soon may hurt the other’s feelings.(与亲密的朋友和家人交谈时，这可能是他们的 好意，因为过早结束聊天可能会伤害对方的感情。)”可知，人们不结束对话可能是出一种好意，再结合空后的“Saying you only have a certain amount of time to talk at the start of the chat is a good place to start.(在聊天开始时说你只有一定的时间说话是一个很好的起点。)”可知，在开始的时候说只有一点时间开始对话是不错的开始，由此可知，本段应是起到承上启下的作用，讲述的是与该如何结束对话相关，C选项“So what is the best way to end a conversation?(那么结束对话的最佳方式是什么？)”讲述的是那该怎么样结束对话呢，承接了上文，同时引出本段的主题，符合题意。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据空后的“For example, clearly communicate that you had a nice time and would like to talk again.(例如，清楚地传达您玩得很开心，想再聊一次。)”可知，在对话结束的时候，表示愿意以后再聊，是为了让对方觉得你们聊的很愉快，F选项“You should make your partner feel good about the end of the chat.(你应该让你的同伴对聊天的结束感觉良好。)”讲述的是“你应该在聊天结束时让对方感觉良好”与空后列举的内容一致，故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据空后“Conversation is a good way to make these connections happen.(对话是实现这些关系的好方法。)”中的these connections可知，此空处应与connection有关系，A选项“After all, people need social connections.(毕竟，人们需要社会关系。)”中的social connections与空后的these connections内容一致，且与空前的“However, in some ways, this may not be a bad thing.(但是，在某些方面，这可能不是一件坏事。)”衔接恰当。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Something interesting happened at my home recently. In a hillside suburb, I am lucky to be ____21____ by a lot of trees, and even luckier that those trees are home to a ____22____ of birds.
One of those birds is called the laughing kookaburra, a big kingfisher, which certainly does like to ____23____ snakes and lizards in its strong and powerful beak (喙).
The kookaburra’s head and chest are white ____24____ its wings and back are brown. What I love most is that the kookaburras laugh at sunset. My bird book ____25____ their call as a “loud chuckling laugh.” Often they laugh in ____26____ with each other so that their laugh ____27____ around the trees a bit like the “wave”. How wonderful it would be.
I was inside my home when there was a loud ____28____ against a window one day. I ____29____ out the door and around the veranda (走廊) to see what had happened. A kookaburra was _____30_____ on the wooden floorboards of the veranda, looking extremely scared. As I _____31_____ back a little distance, wondering what to do, the _____32_____ kookaburra shook its head, raised its beak in the air, opened its mouth, and _____33_____ into a loud, hearty laugh. I thought what a _____34_____ thing it would be to learn how to _____35_____ your head up and laugh after such a frightening surprise.
21. A. blocked B. surrounded C. caught D. attracted
22. A. picture B. kind C. variety D. story
23. A. catch B. track C. bury D. choose
24. A. since B. while C. because D. unless
25. A. approves B. remembers C. proves D. describes
26. A. relationship B. common C. chorus D. cooperation
27. A. spreads B. turns C. disappears D. falls
28. A. voice B. knock C. laugh D. shout
29. A. figured B. worked C. walked D. pointed
30. A. waiting B. flying C. sleeping D. grounding
31. A. stood B. pushed C. sat D. looked
32. A. excited B. frightened C. desperate D. annoyed
33. A. spelt out B. broke out C. burst out D. spoke out
34. A. familiar B. hopeful C. ridiculous D. wonderful
35. A. lift B. shake C. clear D. fill
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者家里发生的一件与笑翠鸟有关的趣事，在这件事情中，作者感悟到在经历了恐惧的事情之后，能够仰天大笑是一件多么绝妙的事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个山坡上的郊区，我很幸运被许多树木包围，更幸运的是，这些树木是各种鸟类的家园。A. blocked阻挡；B. surrounded包围；C. caught抓住；D. attracted吸引。根据下文中的“by a lot of trees”可知，此处指的是被树木“包围”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个山坡上的郊区，我很幸运被许多树木包围，更幸运的是，这些树木是各种鸟类的家园。A. picture图像；B. kind种类；C. variety多样化；D. story故事。根据下文中的“One of those birds is called the laughing kookaburra”可知，此处指的是“各种各样的”鸟。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一种鸟被称为笑翠鸟，一种大翠鸟，它当然喜欢用它强壮有力的喙捕捉蛇和蜥蜴。A. catch抓住；B. track跟踪；C. bury掩埋；D. choose选择。根据下文中的“in its strong and powerful beak”可知，笑翠鸟有着强壮有力的喙，由此可推断是用来“啄食”的，所以此处应为catch意为“抓住”符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：笑翠鸟的头部和胸部是白色的，而翅膀和背部是棕色的。A. since自从；B. while尽管；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据空前“The kookaburra’s head and chest are white”和空后的“its wings and back are brown.”可知，前后之间为对比关系，所以使用while意为“然而”符合语境。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的鸟书把它们的叫声描述为“咯咯的大笑”。A. approves赞成；B. remembers记住；C. proves证据；D. describes描述。根据上文中的“My bird book”以及常识可知，书中应该是“描述”这只鸟的叫声，describe…as…意为“把……描述为……”符合句意。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们经常一起大笑，这样他们的笑声就像“波浪”一样传遍了树林。A. relationship关系；B. common普通；C. chorus合唱团；D. cooperation合作。根据下文中的“a bit like the “wave””可知，笑翠鸟的笑声像波浪一样，由此可推断，此处指的是“一起大笑”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常一起大笑，这样他们的笑声就像“波浪”一样传遍了树林。A. spreads扩散；B. turns转向；C. disappears消失；D. falls跌落。根据下文中的“around the trees”以及语境可知，笑翠鸟一起大笑会“传遍”森林。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我正在家里，突然窗户上传来了很响的敲门声。A. voice表达；B. knock敲打；C. laugh大笑；D. shout喊叫。根据下文中的“against a window”以及“I ____9____ out the door and around the veranda (走廊) to see what had happened.”可知，此处指的是“敲打”窗户，作者出去看发生了什么。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走出门，绕到阳台上看看发生了什么事。A. figured认为；B. worked工作，见效；C. walked散步；D. pointed指着。根据上文中的“I was inside my home when there was a loud ____8____ against a window one day.”可知，作者在家里，听到动静后应该是“走出”看看发生了什么事情。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一只笑翠鸟停在阳台的木地板上，看上去吓坏了。A. waiting等待；B. flying飞翔；C. sleeping睡觉；D. grounding隔浅，停飞。根据下文中的“on the wooden floorboards of the veranda, looking extremely scared”可知，笑翠鸟“停在”木地板上，看上去很害怕。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我后退了一段距离，不知道该怎么办的时候，那只受惊的笑翠鸟摇了摇头，把喙举到空中，张开嘴，突然发出一声响亮而爽朗的笑声。A. stood站立；B. pushed推动；C. sat坐着；D. looked看。根据语境以及下文中的“wondering what to do”可知，此处指的是作者“向后退”了一段距离。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我后退了一段距离，不知道该怎么办的时候，那只受惊的笑翠鸟摇了摇头，把喙举到空中，张开嘴，突然发出一声响亮而爽朗的笑声。A. excited激动的；B. frightened害怕的；C. desperate绝望的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据上文中的“on the wooden floorboards of the veranda, looking extremely scared”可知，此处指的是“害怕的”笑翠鸟。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我后退了一段距离，不知道该怎么办的时候，那只受惊的笑翠鸟摇了摇头，把喙举到空中，张开嘴，突然发出一声响亮而爽朗的笑声。A. spelt out讲清楚；B. broke out爆发；C. burst out突然激动地喊叫；D. spoke out挺身。根据上文作者对笑翠鸟一系列的动作的描述，以及下文中的“into a loud, hearty laugh”可知，此处指的是“突然大笑”，burst out意为“突发”符合语境。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想，在经历了如此可怕的意外之后，学会如何抬起头来笑，该是一件多么绝妙的事情啊。A. familiar熟悉的；B. hopeful满怀希望的；C. ridiculous荒谬的；D. wonderful绝妙的，极好的。根据下文中的“to learn how to ____15____ your head up and laugh after such a frightening surprise.”可知，在恐惧之后能够仰天大笑时间多么“绝妙的”的事情。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，在经历了如此可怕的意外之后，学会如何抬起头来笑，该是一件多么美妙的事情啊。A. lift提升；B. shake揺晃；C. clear清理；D. fill填满。根据上文中的“kookaburra shook its head, raised its beak in the air, opened its mouth, and ____13____ into a loud, hearty laugh.”可知，此处指的是在遇到恐惧的事情，把头抬起，仰天大笑。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A few days ago, the Palace Museum and the Shanghai Kunqu Opera Troupe signed a cooperation agreement on promotion of the Kunqu Opera. The cooperation has created ____36____ effective way to promote traditional culture
The Palace Museum is one of the ____37____ (large) museums of ancient Chinese culture and art in China. It used to be the Forbidden City, ____38____ the emperors of China’s Ming and Qing dynasties lived and conducted state ____39____(affair), and was turned into a museum later.
The Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest types of opera in China. ____40____ (feature) mild and emotional melodies, poetic lines and graceful gestures, it can best represent the traditional Chinese arts. The Kunqu Opera ____41____(be) under state protection since the PRC was founded.
The cooperation ____42____ the Palace Museum and the Shanghai Kunqu Opera Troupe is a good attempt to preserve this opera, which is ____43____(real) worth encouraging.
According to the Shanghai Kunqu Opera Troupe, this cooperative project is “a dream coming true after three years. We aim to bring to life the opera relics ____44____(house) in the Palace Museum.”
Some traditional plays recorded and kept in the Palace Museum will be selected and put on show. In addition, the Troupe will also recover a series of plays and perform _____45_____(they).
【答案】36. an 37. largest
38. where 39. affairs
40. Featuring
41. has been
42. between
43. really 44. housed
45. them
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是故宫博物院与上海昆曲剧团签署了关于昆曲推广合作协议，为弘扬传统文化开辟了一条新的途径。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种合作为弘扬传统文化开辟了一条有效的途径。分析句子结构可知，way为可数名词单数，此前需要有限定词，无提示词，应使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一条新途径”为泛指数量“一”，所以使用不定冠词，空后的effective的第一个音素为元音。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：故宫博物院是中国最大的中国古代文化艺术博物馆之一。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词museums，根据空前的“one of the”可知此处应使用形容词最高级。故填largest。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它曾经是紫禁城，是中国明清两代皇帝居住和处理国家事务的地方，后来被改成了博物馆。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词“the Forbidden City”表示地点。故填where。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：它曾经是紫禁城，是中国明清两代皇帝居住和处理国家事务的地方，后来被改成了博物馆。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处指的是“国家事务”，应为可数名词复数。故填affairs。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它以柔和而感性的旋律，诗意的线条和优美的姿态，最能代表中国传统艺术。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，feature与逻辑主语it之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Featuring。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：自中华人民共和国成立以来，昆曲一直受到国家保护。分析句子结构可知，此处谓语动词，根据时间状语“since the PRC was founded”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，与句子主语“The Kunqu Opera”之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has been。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：故宫博物院与上海昆剧团的合作是保存昆曲的一次很好的尝试，值得鼓励。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定结构“between…and…”意为“在……和……之间”符合句意。故填between。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：故宫博物院与上海昆剧团的合作是保存昆曲的一次很好的尝试，值得鼓励。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，real的副词为really意为“真正地”符合句意。故填really。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的目标是让故宫博物院的戏曲文物焕发生机。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，house意为“收藏”与所修饰词“the opera relics”之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填housed。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：此外，文工团还将恢复一系列剧目并进行演出。分析句子结构可知，此处为代词作宾语，所以使用宾格形式，they的宾格为them。故填them。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，学校为增强学生劳动意识将举办烹饪比赛，请用英文写一则通知。内容包括：
1.时间及地点;
2.比赛方式;
3.注意事项。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
NOTICE
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】作答示例
NOTICE
To raise the students’ labor awareness, a cooking contest will be held in our school.
As scheduled, the contest will take place next Friday afternoon in the school canteen. Every contestant will have 2 hours to prepare and present their dishes. The judges will select the top lo dishes based on taste, appearance and creativity. To sign up, please send an email to cookingcontest@163. com with your name and contact information before this weekend.
All the students are welcomed to participate!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文写一则通知，通知学生学校将举办烹饪比赛，内容包括比赛的时间及地点和比赛方式和注意事项。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：raise →enhance
按计划：as scheduled →as planned
展示：present →show
参加：participate →join
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To raise the students’ labor awareness, a cooking contest will be held in our school.
拓展句： A cooking contest will be held in our school, which is aimed at raising the students’ labor awareness.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To raise the students’ labor awareness, a cooking contest will be held in our school.（运用了不定式短语作目的状语）
【高分句型2】As scheduled, the contest will take place next Friday afternoon in the school canteen.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Why can’t I just get a dog, Mum!”
“Because of your allergies (过敏)! How many times do I have to tell you, Violet!”
Violet was filled with anger. The rain started to fall. Large raindrops slid down the window, just like the tears on her face. There was violent anger in Violet’s eyes. She walked angrily to her room and threw herself onto the bed. Her anger was now like an angry bull.
She screamed into her pillow as loud as she could and threw it onto the ground with all her strength. She dialed her best friend Darla, who happened to also be her neighbor.
Darla picked up in an instant.
“I could hear everything.” Darla immediately chuckled. “I’ve known you and your mum since primary school. She’s not letting you get a dog.”
“Was I that loud?” Violet questioned herself in disbelief.
“You’ve been asking for a dog since you were seven! There’s no chance she was going to just give it to you. Plus, you have so many allergies that I’ve even lost count.”
“It’s just not fair. You get two dogs and I’m stuck with my younger sister who has basically a rat.” Violet announced unappreciatively.
“You have to be grateful for what you have. Anyway, I’ve got to have dinner with my family. I can call in half an hour, see you later.”
After the call disconnected, the words from Darla’s mouth about being grateful sunk into Violet like a dry sponge (海绵) filled with water, She remembered the countless times that she was admitted to the hospital for an allergic reaction while her family stayed and cared for her. Violet never really thought about the things she had, she only thought about the things she didn’t have. Violet had a tamily which accounts for more than everything, even a dog. Family love is stronger than any love. Violet knew she was blessed to have this love.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
From that day onwards, Violet stopped asking for a dog.
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The allergies were disappearing with age.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】From that day onwards, Violet stopped asking for a dog. Instead, she asked to spend time together with her family. She started thinking about what she had instead of what she didn’t have. She realized that family was more important than anything else. The love of family was stronger than any love, and now she knew she was lucky to have it. So she was no longer so capricious and no longer threw temper tantrums. She began to cherish the time with her family and the love they shared. She began to help her mother do housework and accompany her sister. She and her family reminisced about the beautiful and memorable moments that had happened in her life. She grew up happily.
The allergies were disappearing with age. Violet’s mother finally agreed to get a dog. She went to the pet store with her mother to pick out a puppy. She asked the pet store owner for advice on dog care. When they got home, they put the dog in a kennel. Violet promised her mother that she would take good care of her dog. After all the arrangements were made, she called her good friend Darla. She and Darla made an appointment to play in the city park on Saturday morning. But she didn’t tell Darla that she had had her own dog, because she wanted to surprise her. She took her dog to the city park on Saturday morning. The day Darla found out about Violet’s dog, she squeeled in happiness and they both spent the rest of their day playing with Violet’s dog.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Violet一直想要养一条狗，但是因为Violet经常过敏，所以她的妈妈一直不同意，对此她愤怒不止，于是打电话给自己的好朋友Darla诉说了这一切。但是Darla却告诉她必须感激所拥有的，放下电话后，Violet回想起有无数次她因为过敏反应住进医院，而她的家人一直在照顾她。Violet从来没有真正想过她拥有的东西，她只想着她没有的东西。Violet的家庭比一切都重要，甚至包括一条狗。家庭的爱比任何爱都强大，Violet知道她很幸运能拥有这份爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“从那天起，Violet不再要求养狗了。”可知，第一段可描写Violet开始重视和家人一起的时间。
②由第二段首句内容“随着年龄的增长，过敏症状逐渐消失。”可知，第二段可描写过敏症状逐渐消失后，Violet终于有了自己的第一条狗。
2.续写线索：重视和家人一起的时间——不再任性、不再乱发脾气——帮助妈妈做家务、陪伴妹妹——快乐成长——过敏症消逝、妈妈同意她拥有宠物狗——挑选小狗——开心回家——安置小狗——和好朋友约好一起玩耍
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①意识到：realize/be aware of
②珍惜：cherish/treasure
③陪伴：accompany/be in the company of
情绪类
①任性的：capricious/ self-willed
②高兴：happiness/joy
【点睛】[高分句型1] She and her family reminisced about the beautiful and memorable moments that had happened in her life. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] She started thinking about what she had instead of what she didn’t have.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] But she didn’t tell Darla that she had had her own dog, because she wanted to surprise her.(运用了that引导宾语从句和because引的原因状语从句)
听力答案：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C