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精品解析：广东省佛山市顺德区东逸湾实验学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：广东省佛山市顺德区东逸湾实验学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。
顺德区东逸湾实验学校2021学年第二学期阶段性质量检测
高一英语
满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填涂在答题卡上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分 听力(共两节， 满分 20 分)
第一节 听力理解(共 6 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 12 分)
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前每小题有 5 秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从每小题所给的A,B,C项中，选出最佳选项。
听第一段材料，回答第 1-2 题。材料和问题读两遍。
1. A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
2. A. The one that is nearby. B. The one that pays well. C. The one that provides trips.
听第二段材料，回答第 3-4 题。材料和问题读两遍。
3. A. On the 18th. B. On the 19th. C. On the 20th.
4. A. In France. B. In Spain. C. In Greece.
听第三段材料，回答第 5-6 题。材料和问题读两遍。
5. A. To catch a class. B. To meet a friend. C. To give a speech.
6. A.She is strict. B. She is shy. C. She is careless.
第二节 回答问题(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 8 分)
听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍。
7. _______________________ of a large company.
8. _______________________________________.
9 _______________________________________.
10. ______________________________________.
第二部分 阅读(共三节， 满分 40 分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 10 小题; 每小题 2 分， 满分 20 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
A
SEA Summer High School Programs 2022
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors, as well as recent high school graduates, which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine(海洋的) environment around Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel (SSV) Corwith Cramer.
July 21- August 13 Expense: $4, 000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates. Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing a tall ship, and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves. They return home with a broader sense of the ocean’s importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations. Life here is fast-paced. No prior sailing experience is necessary. Strong desire to learn is required!
July 11 - July 22 Expense: $ 3, 200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives: scientific, historical, and literary. Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
June 27 - July 14 Expense: $ 3, 800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students, including graduating seniors, is centered on learning by doing. SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing , and occurs entirely aboard the ship SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5 - July 17 Expense: $ 3, 500
1. Which program lasts the longest?
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest.
C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
2. What is necessary for participants in SEA Quest?
A. Previous experience in sailing.
B. Great eagerness to study the sea.
C. Ability to conduct scientific experiments.
D. Knowledge of sea resources preservation.
3. What is special about SEA Expedition?
A. It offers opportunities of sailing.
B. It entirely takes place on a ship.
C. It features many relaxing activities.
D. It allows graduates to participate in.
4. If one plans to learn about the historical development of sea, he can join_____.
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest.
C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
5. What do SEA Quest and SEA Expedition have in common?
A. Previous experience in sailing is needed.
B. Participants can enjoy a relaxing life there.
C. Participants can learn about the important role of sea.
D They provide participants a chance to drive the ship.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍SEA Summer High School Programs 2022。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Science at SEA部分中“July 21—August 13(7月21日至8月13日)”；SEA Quest部分中“July 11—July 22(7月11日至7月22日)”；SEA Cape部分中“June 27 —July 14(6月27日至7月14日)”以及SEA Expedition部分中“July 5—July 17(7月5日至7月17日)”可知，Science at SEA持续时间最长。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Quest部分中“Strong desire to learn is required!(需要有强烈的学习欲望)”可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition, and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer.Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.(SEA探险是一个多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的近海航行和海洋探险的每一个方面，并完全发生在SSV Corwith Cramer上。海上的生活节奏快而艰苦)”可知，SEA Expedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Cape中的“Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.(参与者在我们位于马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔的校园里生活和学习)”可知，参与者在马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔的校园生活和学习。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Quest中的“Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing a tall ship(参与者将获得实地研究、驾驶高船的实践经验)”以及SEA Expedition中的“SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing(SEA远征是一个多学科的经验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的海上航行的各个方面)”可知，SEA Quest和SEA Expedition的共同点是他们为参与者提供了驾驶这艘船的机会。故选D。
B
Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with dying out. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory (象牙) in their tusks.
Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁). The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon die out. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant, while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?
The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods which only belong to their owners. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because the number of illegal hunters is big, each has only a little desire to protect the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to keep the cattle population on his farm because he gets the benefit of these efforts.
Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant numbers have continued to reduce. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those who own these elephants.
With private ownership and the profit (利润) now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from dying out as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men attach greater importance to what is their own than for what they have together with others.”
6. Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a similar threat to elephants.
B. To provide an example of species dying out.
C. To offer an explanation for government policies.
D. To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.
7. Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?
A. They are under different law protection.
B. They attract different groups of hunters.
C. They contain different commercial value.
D. They belong to different ownership types.
8. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Bans on killing elephants for ivory.
B. Effective laws for elephant protection.
C. Methods of making elephants private goods.
D. Government policies on the elephant’s problem.
9. Why do illegal hunters just kill elephants?
A. Because elephants don’t fight back.
B. Because elephants don’t have exact owners.
C. Because local government haven’t protected them.
D. Because elephants are more valuable than other animals.
10. What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?
A. People pay little attention to others’ resources.
B. People want to profit from common resources.
C. People care more about their own resources.
D. People tend to take what they own for granted.
【答案】6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。纵观历史，许多动物物种都面临着灭绝的威胁。文章介绍大象所面临的威胁以及原因。文章告诉我们“对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。”
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal's population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species.In some countries today，the elephant faces a similar challenge，as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. (然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了引出大象所面临的类似威胁。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. (原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品)”和“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象四处走动，没有主人。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象)”以及“By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. (相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果)”可知，之所以大象面临威胁，而奶牛是安全的，是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory.(各国政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为)”以及“By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those who own these elephants.(相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象问题的政策。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象四处走动，没有主人。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象)”可知，非法猎人之所以只猎杀大象，是因为大象没有确切的主人。故选B。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aristotle所说“What is common to many is taken least care of，for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others. (对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西)”推知，人们更关心自己的财产。故选C。
第二节 语句排序(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
11. 将下列几个部分(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. Amundsen started his journey earlier and his team arrived first after nearly two months’ travelling. To celebrate this, he planted his country’s flag at the South Pole.
B. Departing Antarctica proved to be deadly for Scott’s team: they didn’t make it back to UK alive. Despite these losses, the team did collect a heavy load of rocks, which proved to be useful for scientific research later.
C.The polar summer of 1910 and 1911 was very special for at least two people: Roald Amundsen from Norway and Captain Scott from the UK. Both of them had the ambitious goal of being the first to reach the South Pole.
D. In the end, the world was moved by the great courage shown by Captain Scott and his men.
E.Scott and his team arrived later and were saddened when they learned that Amundsen had beaten them.
【答案】CAEBD
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了阿蒙森和斯科特比赛到达南极点的故事。
【详解】1. 选项句意：
A. 阿蒙森更早开始了他的旅程，经过近两个月的旅行，他的团队最先到达。为了庆祝这一点，他在南极插上了自己的国旗。
B. 离开南极洲对斯科特的团队来说是致命的：他们没能活着回到英国。尽管损失惨重，科考队还是收集了大量的岩石，这些岩石后来被证明对科学研究很有用。
C. 1910年和1911年的极地夏季对至少两个人来说是非常特殊的：来自挪威的罗尔德·阿蒙森和来自英国的斯科特船长。他们两人都有成为第一个到达南极点的雄心勃勃的目标。
D. 最后，全世界都被斯科特船长和他的队员们所表现出的巨大勇气所感动。
E. 斯科特和他的团队晚些时候到达，当他们得知阿蒙森打败了他们时，他们感到很难过。
2. 文章线索分析：
根据各选项意思可知，本文讲述了阿蒙森和斯科特比赛到达南极点的故事，因此C项先总领全文，为中心句，适合作为第一句；A项介绍阿蒙森首先登顶，适合做第二句；E项介绍斯科特晚些时候到达并感到伤心，承接上文；B项接着介绍斯科特从南极洲撤离的情况，并有了意外收获，承接上文；D项总结斯科特团队的勇气，应为结束语。故答案为CAEBD。
第三节 选句填空(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions (打扰) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. ___12___, there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
___13___. Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. ____14____. It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. ____15____, it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. ____16____. If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries (界限) for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. E 15. D 16. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“打扰”这一话题展开论述。由于在工作中被打扰是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，因此作者提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。
【12题详解】
根据上文Interruptions (打扰) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.(当你试图完成工作时，打断是最糟糕的事情之一)及下文there are several ways to handle things.(有几种处理事情的方法)可知，此句与前半句构成一个完整的句子。B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work(当你想要避免工作被打扰的时候)符合语境。故选B。
【13题详解】
根据下文Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.(告诉对方你很抱歉，并解释你有很多事情要做，然后问他们是否可以在不同的时间交谈)可知，这一段主要是讲述学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no(如果你很忙，不要因为说“不”而感到不好意思)符合语境。故选A。
【14题详解】
根据上文When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.(当人们试图打扰你的时候，给他们设定好时间计划，让他们知道在这段时间内回来或者你会找到他们)及下文It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.(这样做可以帮助你消除未来被打断的可能)可知，此处衔接上下文，E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available(让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的)符合语境。故选E。
【15题详解】
根据上文When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office.(当你需要和别人交谈时，不要在你自己的办公室里)及下文it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.(找借口回去工作要比在解释完自己有多忙后还试图让别人离开你的空间要容易得多)可知， it指代前文don’t do it in your own office. D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area(如果你在别人的办公室或公共场所)能够后半句构成一个完整的句子。故选D。
【16题详解】
根据上文If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.(如果你的办公室有一扇门，好好利用它)可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not(当你有空的时候让它开着，不方便的时候就把它关上)符合语境。故选G。
【点睛】本文中的第2小题属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题根据下文Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.(告诉对方你很抱歉，并解释你有很多事情要做，然后问他们是否可以在不同的时间交谈)可知，这一段主要是讲述学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no(如果你很忙，不要因为说“不”而感到不好意思)符合语境。故选A。
当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节， 满分 30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B 、C 和 D)中， 选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to ___17___ his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard. However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and ___18___ him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to ___19___, Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 50 meters.
___20___, his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great ___21___ Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n) ___22___ pace, moved forward for one final push. ___23___, it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply ___24___ .
Before his coach could ___25___ him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he ___26___ to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was ___27___. At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for ___28___ Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first,securing his___29___a faster time
In today’s ___30___ world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was ___31___ to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
17. A. play B. beat C. check D. measure
18. A. failed B. warned C. dragged D. raised
19. A. rest B. win C. leave D. finish
20. A. Relieved B. Exhausted C. Concerned D. Disappointed
21. A. luck B. effort C. passion D. respect
22. A. rapid B. relaxed C. unsteady D. impatient
23. A. Normally B. Eventually C. Unbelievably D. Unfortunately
24. A. gave out B. broke up C. fell down D. slowed down
25. A. guide B. reach C. serve D. blame
26. A. refused B. hesitated C. regretted D. pretended
27. A. in his hand B. out of breath C. on his feet D. out of danger
28. A. direction B. support C. courage D. comfort
29. A. assistant B. teammate C. follower D. opponent
30. A. diverse B. well-developed C. competitive D. ever-changing
31. A. urgent B. common C. confusing D. inspiring
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play播放；B.beat赛过，胜过；C.check检查；D.measure措施。根据前一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。)”可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平，beat a record，意为“打破纪录”，此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed失败；B.warned警告；C. dragged拖；D.raised 举起，提高。动词短语fail sb意为“使某人失望；有负于某人；某人无能为力”，此处指Cerveny腿抽筋，无法支撑他，他摔倒了。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest休息；B.win赢；C.leave离开；D.finish完成。根据本句中“rose from the ground and continued on”可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved解脱；B.Exhausted筋疲力尽；C.Concerned关心；D.Disappointed失望。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。Concerned符合语境，故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck运气；B.effort努力；C.passion激情；D.respect尊重。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力，短语with great effort，意为“吃力地，经过巨大的努力”。故需B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.rapid快速；B.relaxed放松；C.unsteady不稳定；D.impatient急躁。上文“With great 6 Cerveny pulled himself up(Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来)”可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally通常；B.Eventually最终；C.Unbelievably令人难以置信的；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 .(在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。)”可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，Unfortunately符合语境。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gave out精疲力竭；B.broke up分手，分解；C.fell down倒下；D.slowed down减速。根据上文“However, his legs cramped (抽筋) and 2 him with only 200 meters to go.(然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了)”可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide引导；B.reach到达；C.serve服务；D.blame责怪。根据后半句的at his side to help，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次把 Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.regretted后悔；D.pretended假装。根据后一句“With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 .(又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来)”可知，尽管第一次没有把 Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，故可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来。A.in his hand在他手里；B.out of breath喘不过气来；C.on his feet站起来；D.out of danger危险。根据语境，“With a second pull”, Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。on his feet符合语境，故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction方向；B.support支持；C.courage勇气；D.comfort安慰。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant助理；B.teammate队友；C.follower跟随者；D.opponent对手。根据上文“Aiming to 1 his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.(为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。)”可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破自己的纪录，在比赛中，他和Brandon为对手。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.diverse多样的；B.well-developed发展良好的；C.competitive竞争激烈的；D.ever-changing不断变化。根据第一段的第一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平)”可知，运动中，竞争很激烈，可推知，整个世界也是竞争激烈的，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.urgent紧急的；B.common常见的；C.confusing困惑的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文Brandon帮助Cerveny一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选D项。
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容( 1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
My name is Billy Smith. I’m 50 years old this year. I was very fat two years ago. ___32___(fortunate), I managed to lose weight.
I began to gain weight when my mom developed Parkinson’s disease in 1992. I soon became her caregiver, and continued to provide her___33___ care for over 10 years. But when the pressure of taking care of my mother and___34___(keep) my job got too much for me, I began to eat fast food. I gained weight quickly.
My huge weight gain caused me to develop high blood pressure. I also had___35___(difficult) in breathing at times. In 2014 I went to see my doctor,___36___told me that I would die within two years if I didn’t lose weight. I didn’t want to die. I wanted to see my young son grow up, and I knew ___37___was time to change.
I started to eat healthy food and work out in the gym. Finally, I___38___(succeed) in losing weight. Now I weigh less. I had never been to my son’s parents’ evenings because I was so ashamed and scared that my weight would lead to him being bullied. Now,___39___(look) normal, I can do the___40___(thing) I have never been able to do, but should____41____(do) as his father.
【答案】32. Fortunately
33. with 34. keeping
35. difficulty
36. who 37. it
38. succeeded
39. looking
40. things 41. have done
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者过胖的体重给他的生活带来的影响。
【32题详解】
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我减肥成功了。修饰句子要用副词，形容词fortunate的副词是fortunately。单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。
【33题详解】
考查介词。句意：我很快成为了她的看护人，并在接下来的10年里一直照顾着她。provide sb. with sth.意为“提供某人某物”，是固定搭配。故填with。
【34题详解】
考查动名词。句意：但是，当照顾母亲和保住工作的压力对我来说太大时，我开始吃快餐。and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，taking和keeping由and连接作介词of的宾语。故填keeping。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：我有时也呼吸困难。have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做某事在困难”，是固定搭配。故填difficulty。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2014年，我去看医生，医生告诉我，如果我不减肥，我将在两年内死去。分析句子结构可知这一个非限制性定语从句，先行词doctor指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
【37题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：我想看着我年幼的儿子长大，我知道是时候改变了。it is time to do固定句型，意为“到了做某事的时候了”，此处it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：最后，我成功地减肥了。该句描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填succeeded。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：现在，我看起来正常了，我可以做一些我作为他父亲本应该做却从未做过的事情。句中有谓语can do，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，I与look之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。故填looking。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：现在，我看起来正常了，我可以做一些我作为他父亲本应该做却从未做过的事情。根据后面的定语从句I have never been able to do可知，先行词thing用复数形式，表示不止一件。故填things。
【41题详解】
考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：现在，我看起来正常了，我可以做一些我作为他父亲本应该做却从未做过的事情。固定结构：should have done“本应该做而没有做”，情态动词should已经给出。故填have done。
第四部分 词汇基础(共60分)
第一节 词义匹配(共10小题，每空 1 分， 满分 10 分)
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。
A. expressing a threat of harm or violence
B. to entertain audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.
C. having a strong desire to know about something.
D. making you happier or giving you more hope
E. feeling worried or nervous.
F. to organize or do a particular activity
G. what you do, say or think as a result of something that has happened.
H. to be slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain or nervous.
I. a long period of time when there’s little or no rain
J. the act of protecting someone.
42. He seemed anxious about the meeting.
43. Wear clothes that provide protection against the wind and rain.
44. Tu Yoyo and her team members conducted many experiments and succeeded at last.
45. They are very curious about the people who live upstairs.
46. People there suffered two years of severe drought, which caused many to die.
47. It’s an uplifting experience to compete in such a match.
48. My immediate reaction to the news was a shock.
49. The play was first performed in 2007.
50. Hearing the difficult question, she hesitated before answered.
51. Reading those threatening letters, she shook because of fear.
【答案】42. E 43. J
44. F 45. C
46. I 47. D
48. G 49. B
50. H 51. A
【解析】
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。划线词anxious的意思是“焦虑的”，与E项 feeling worried or nervous.（感到担心或紧张。）匹配。故选E。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：穿能挡风遮雨的衣服。划线词protection的意思是“保护”，与J项the act of protecting someone.（保护某人的行为。）匹配。故选J。
【44题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：屠呦呦和她的团队成员进行了多次实验，最终取得了成功。划线词conducted的意思是“管理，引导，指挥”，与F项to organize or do a particular activity（组织或做一项特定的活动）匹配。故选F。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们对住在楼上的人很好奇。划线词curious的意思是“好奇的”，与C项having a strong desire to know about something.（对某事有强烈的求知欲。）匹配。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：那里的人们遭受了两年的严重干旱，导致许多人死亡。划线词drought的意思是“干旱”，与I项a long period of time when there’s little or no rain（长时间少雨或不下雨）匹配。故选I。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：参加这样的比赛是一种令人振奋的经历。划线词uplifting的意思是“令人振奋的”，与D项 making you happier or giving you more hope（让你更快乐或者给你更多希望）匹配。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：我听到这个消息的第一反应是震惊。划线词reaction的意思是“反应”，在句中作主语，与G项what you do, say or think as a result of something that has happened.（由于某事的发生，你所做、所说或所想的事情。）匹配。故选G。
【49题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：该剧于2007年首演。划线词performed的意思是“执行，表演”，与B项 to entertain audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.（表演通过演奏音乐、在戏剧中表演等来娱乐观众）匹配。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：听到这个难以回答的问题，她犹豫了一下才回答。划线词hesitated的意思是“犹豫”，与H项to be slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain or nervous.（因为感到不确定或紧张而说话或行动迟缓。）匹配。故选H。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：读着那些恐吓信，她吓得浑身发抖。划线词threatening的意思是“恐吓的”，是形容词在句中作定语，与A项expressing a threat of harm or violence（威胁的表示伤害或暴力威胁的）匹配。故选A。
第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题，每空 1 分， 满分 10 分)
根据前后文及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示， 写出该单词的正确形式。
52. The moment I heard the word “Moskoe- strom” I became very f________, for it meant a disaster.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】frightened #rightened
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：当我听到“莫斯科风暴”这个词时，我非常害怕，因为这意味着一场灾难。此处表示“变得感到害怕”，结合句意和首字母可知，frightened“感到害怕的”，作表语。故填frightened。
53. Keeping calm and making important o__________ in a whirlpool saved the fisherman’s life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】observations #bservations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在漩涡中保持冷静并进行重要观察救了渔夫的命。根据首字母和句意可知，名词observation符合句意，且用复数形式。作宾语。故填observations。
54. R________ teams are the people who work to save people trapped under buildings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Rescue##escue
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作定语。句意：救援队的工作是拯救被困在建筑物下的人。结合句意和首字母可知，名词rescue“营救”在句中作定语，符合句意，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故填Rescue。
55. Amundsen’s team was the first to leave and came back safely, ten days ahead of their planned s________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】schedule##chedule
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：阿蒙森的队伍是第一个离开并安全返回的，比原计划提前了10天。根据首字母和句意可知，名词schedule“计划”符合句意，作表语，此处指他们的原计划，应用单数。故填schedule。
56. Van Gogh painted m________ circles of white and yellow racing across the sky in his painting, Starry Night. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】massive##assive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：梵高在他的画作《星夜》中描绘了巨大的白色和黄色圆圈在天空中奔跑。由“circles of white and yellow racing across the sky in his painting, Starry Night”可知，句子表示“梵高在他的画作《星夜》中描绘了巨大的白色和黄色圆圈在天空中奔跑”，空格处意为“巨大的”，空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词circles，由首字母提示m可知，是massive。故填massive。
57. Inspired by his ________(拼搏；奋斗) with deafness, the composer created some amazing pieces.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】struggles
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这位作曲家受到与耳聋斗争的启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品。“拼搏；奋斗”得英文表达是struggle，由下文“with deafness, the composer created some amazing pieces”可知，“斗争”不止一个，此处用复数形式struggles，作介词的宾语。故填struggles。
58. The Beijing Opera __________(表演者)must sing in a high voice, otherwise they couldn’t be heard over the crowds. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】performers
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：京剧演员唱歌的声音必须很高，否则在人群中听不见。“表演者”的英文表达是performer，此处用名词的复数形式。故填performers。
59. Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest ________(作曲家) in the history of music. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】composers
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：贝多芬被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。one of+名词复数；“作曲家”的英文表达是composer，此处用复数形式composers。故填composers。
60. As the final, joyous note _______(标志) the end of the symphony, audience jumped to their feet. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】signalled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当最后一个欢快的音符标志着交响乐的结束时，观众们都跳了起来。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词signal，照应主句谓语动词jumped可知，应为一般过去时。故填signalled。
61. I will ________(感激) it very much if you can take my application into consideration. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appreciate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。“感激”是appreciate，will是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填appreciate。
第三节 句型结构(每小题3 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
62. Beethoven himself __________(负责) the orchestra and conducted the first performance of Symphony No.9.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】took charge of
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：贝多芬亲自指挥了乐团，并指挥了《第九交响曲》的首演。“负责”的英文表达是take charge of“负责，掌管”；该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填took charge of。
63. When talking about traditional Chinese art, people always _________(指的是；提到) Beijing Opera. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】refer to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当谈到中国传统艺术时，人们总是提到京剧。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语refer to，to是介词，且本句为客观描述，应为一般现在时，主语是people，谓语动词应为复数。故填refer to。
64. The sledges of Scott’s team _________ (出故障) on the half ways, so they had to push the things themselves. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】broke down
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：斯科特队的雪橇在中途坏了，所以他们不得不自己推东西。“出故障”的英文表达是break down；该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填broke down。
65. When we were _________(在……边缘) the whirlpool, I felt calmer. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】on the edge of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：当我们在漩涡的边缘时，我感到平静了一些。“在……边缘”的英文表达是on the edge of。故填on the edge of。
66. Nature was hurt by humans, so it felt pain and finally __________(对...置之不理) us. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】turned its back on
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：大自然受到了人类的伤害，所以它感到痛苦，最终背弃了我们。“对...置之不理”的英文表达是turn its back on，这里在描述过去发生的事，句子用一般过去时。故答案为turned its back on。
第四节 写作(25分)
67. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校来自英国的交换生Jim发邮件请你推荐一门学校特色课程：请你用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你推荐的课程；
2.你的理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数，
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
How is it going? I’m writing to recommend a distinctive course to you — Chinese Kungfu.
This course is perfect for you. First, it is great for your overall health. Chinese Kungfu involves a lot of body movements, which can make you stronger and more flexible. It can also reduce your stress and keep you in a relaxed mood. What’s more, the course is interactive. During the training, you can get positive feedback and learn how to cooperate with others. I’m sure you can benefit a lot from it.
Are you ready to give it a go? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向来自英因的交换生Jim发邮件推荐一门学校特色课程。
【详解】1.词汇积累
推荐：recommend→suggest/advise
此外：besides → what’s more
包括：involve→include
合作：cooperate with→ deal with/get along well with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During the training, you can get positive feedback and learn how to cooperate with others.
拓展句：When you are training, you can get positive feedback and learn how you can cooperate with others.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Chinese Kungfu involves a lot of body movements, which can make you stronger and more flexible.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 I’m sure you can benefit a lot from it.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-6 ABABAC
7. The director.
8. Cooking.
9. About 3/three years ago.
10. Every day.
顺德区东逸湾实验学校2021学年第二学期阶段性质量检测
高一英语
满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填涂在答题卡上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分 听力(共两节， 满分 20 分)
第一节 听力理解(共 6 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 12 分)
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前每小题有 5 秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从每小题所给的A,B,C项中，选出最佳选项。
听第一段材料，回答第 1-2 题。材料和问题读两遍。
1. A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
2. A. The one that is nearby. B. The one that pays well. C. The one that provides trips.
听第二段材料，回答第 3-4 题。材料和问题读两遍。
3. A. On the 18th. B. On the 19th. C. On the 20th.
4. A. In France. B. In Spain. C. In Greece.
听第三段材料，回答第 5-6 题。材料和问题读两遍。
5. A. To catch a class. B. To meet a friend. C. To give a speech.
6. A.She is strict. B. She is shy. C. She is careless.
第二节 回答问题(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 8 分)
听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍。
7. _______________________ of a large company.
8. _______________________________________.
9 _______________________________________.
10. ______________________________________.
第二部分 阅读(共三节， 满分 40 分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 10 小题; 每小题 2 分， 满分 20 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
A
SEA Summer High School Programs 2022
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors, as well as recent high school graduates, which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine(海洋的) environment around Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel (SSV) Corwith Cramer.
July 21- August 13 Expense: $4, 000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates. Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing a tall ship, and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves. They return home with a broader sense of the ocean’s importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations. Life here is fast-paced. No prior sailing experience is necessary. Strong desire to learn is required!
July 11 - July 22 Expense: $ 3, 200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives: scientific, historical, and literary. Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
June 27 - July 14 Expense: $ 3, 800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students, including graduating seniors, is centered on learning by doing. SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing , and occurs entirely aboard the ship SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5 - July 17 Expense: $ 3, 500
1. Which program lasts the longest?
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest.
C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
2. What is necessary for participants in SEA Quest?
A. Previous experience in sailing.
B. Great eagerness to study the sea.
C. Ability to conduct scientific experiments.
D. Knowledge of sea resources preservation.
3. What is special about SEA Expedition?
A. It offers opportunities of sailing.
B. It entirely takes place on a ship.
C. It features many relaxing activities.
D. It allows graduates to participate in.
4. If one plans to learn about the historical development of sea, he can join_____.
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest.
C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
5. What do SEA Quest and SEA Expedition have in common?
A. Previous experience in sailing is needed.
B. Participants can enjoy a relaxing life there.
C. Participants can learn about the important role of sea.
D They provide participants a chance to drive the ship.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍SEA Summer High School Programs 2022。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Science at SEA部分中“July 21—August 13(7月21日至8月13日)”；SEA Quest部分中“July 11—July 22(7月11日至7月22日)”；SEA Cape部分中“June 27 —July 14(6月27日至7月14日)”以及SEA Expedition部分中“July 5—July 17(7月5日至7月17日)”可知，Science at SEA持续时间最长。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Quest部分中“Strong desire to learn is required!(需要有强烈的学习欲望)”可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition, and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer.Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.(SEA探险是一个多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的近海航行和海洋探险的每一个方面，并完全发生在SSV Corwith Cramer上。海上的生活节奏快而艰苦)”可知，SEA Expedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Cape中的“Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.(参与者在我们位于马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔的校园里生活和学习)”可知，参与者在马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔的校园生活和学习。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Quest中的“Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing a tall ship(参与者将获得实地研究、驾驶高船的实践经验)”以及SEA Expedition中的“SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing(SEA远征是一个多学科的经验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的海上航行的各个方面)”可知，SEA Quest和SEA Expedition的共同点是他们为参与者提供了驾驶这艘船的机会。故选D。
B
Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with dying out. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory (象牙) in their tusks.
Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁). The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon die out. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant, while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?
The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods which only belong to their owners. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because the number of illegal hunters is big, each has only a little desire to protect the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to keep the cattle population on his farm because he gets the benefit of these efforts.
Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant numbers have continued to reduce. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those who own these elephants.
With private ownership and the profit (利润) now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from dying out as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men attach greater importance to what is their own than for what they have together with others.”
6. Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a similar threat to elephants.
B. To provide an example of species dying out.
C. To offer an explanation for government policies.
D. To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.
7. Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?
A. They are under different law protection.
B. They attract different groups of hunters.
C. They contain different commercial value.
D. They belong to different ownership types.
8. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Bans on killing elephants for ivory.
B. Effective laws for elephant protection.
C. Methods of making elephants private goods.
D. Government policies on the elephant’s problem.
9. Why do illegal hunters just kill elephants?
A. Because elephants don’t fight back.
B. Because elephants don’t have exact owners.
C. Because local government haven’t protected them.
D. Because elephants are more valuable than other animals.
10. What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?
A. People pay little attention to others’ resources.
B. People want to profit from common resources.
C. People care more about their own resources.
D. People tend to take what they own for granted.
【答案】6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。纵观历史，许多动物物种都面临着灭绝的威胁。文章介绍大象所面临的威胁以及原因。文章告诉我们“对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。”
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal's population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species.In some countries today，the elephant faces a similar challenge，as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. (然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了引出大象所面临的类似威胁。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. (原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品)”和“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象四处走动，没有主人。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象)”以及“By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. (相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果)”可知，之所以大象面临威胁，而奶牛是安全的，是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory.(各国政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为)”以及“By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those who own these elephants.(相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象问题的政策。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象四处走动，没有主人。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象)”可知，非法猎人之所以只猎杀大象，是因为大象没有确切的主人。故选B。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aristotle所说“What is common to many is taken least care of，for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others. (对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西)”推知，人们更关心自己的财产。故选C。
第二节 语句排序(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
11. 将下列几个部分(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. Amundsen started his journey earlier and his team arrived first after nearly two months’ travelling. To celebrate this, he planted his country’s flag at the South Pole.
B. Departing Antarctica proved to be deadly for Scott’s team: they didn’t make it back to UK alive. Despite these losses, the team did collect a heavy load of rocks, which proved to be useful for scientific research later.
C.The polar summer of 1910 and 1911 was very special for at least two people: Roald Amundsen from Norway and Captain Scott from the UK. Both of them had the ambitious goal of being the first to reach the South Pole.
D. In the end, the world was moved by the great courage shown by Captain Scott and his men.
E.Scott and his team arrived later and were saddened when they learned that Amundsen had beaten them.
【答案】CAEBD
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了阿蒙森和斯科特比赛到达南极点的故事。
【详解】1. 选项句意：
A. 阿蒙森更早开始了他的旅程，经过近两个月的旅行，他的团队最先到达。为了庆祝这一点，他在南极插上了自己的国旗。
B. 离开南极洲对斯科特的团队来说是致命的：他们没能活着回到英国。尽管损失惨重，科考队还是收集了大量的岩石，这些岩石后来被证明对科学研究很有用。
C. 1910年和1911年的极地夏季对至少两个人来说是非常特殊的：来自挪威的罗尔德·阿蒙森和来自英国的斯科特船长。他们两人都有成为第一个到达南极点的雄心勃勃的目标。
D. 最后，全世界都被斯科特船长和他的队员们所表现出的巨大勇气所感动。
E. 斯科特和他的团队晚些时候到达，当他们得知阿蒙森打败了他们时，他们感到很难过。
2. 文章线索分析：
根据各选项意思可知，本文讲述了阿蒙森和斯科特比赛到达南极点的故事，因此C项先总领全文，为中心句，适合作为第一句；A项介绍阿蒙森首先登顶，适合做第二句；E项介绍斯科特晚些时候到达并感到伤心，承接上文；B项接着介绍斯科特从南极洲撤离的情况，并有了意外收获，承接上文；D项总结斯科特团队的勇气，应为结束语。故答案为CAEBD。
第三节 选句填空(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions (打扰) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. ___12___, there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
___13___. Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. ____14____. It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. ____15____, it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. ____16____. If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries (界限) for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. E 15. D 16. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“打扰”这一话题展开论述。由于在工作中被打扰是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，因此作者提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。
【12题详解】
根据上文Interruptions (打扰) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.(当你试图完成工作时，打断是最糟糕的事情之一)及下文there are several ways to handle things.(有几种处理事情的方法)可知，此句与前半句构成一个完整的句子。B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work(当你想要避免工作被打扰的时候)符合语境。故选B。
【13题详解】
根据下文Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.(告诉对方你很抱歉，并解释你有很多事情要做，然后问他们是否可以在不同的时间交谈)可知，这一段主要是讲述学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no(如果你很忙，不要因为说“不”而感到不好意思)符合语境。故选A。
【14题详解】
根据上文When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.(当人们试图打扰你的时候，给他们设定好时间计划，让他们知道在这段时间内回来或者你会找到他们)及下文It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.(这样做可以帮助你消除未来被打断的可能)可知，此处衔接上下文，E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available(让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的)符合语境。故选E。
【15题详解】
根据上文When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office.(当你需要和别人交谈时，不要在你自己的办公室里)及下文it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.(找借口回去工作要比在解释完自己有多忙后还试图让别人离开你的空间要容易得多)可知， it指代前文don’t do it in your own office. D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area(如果你在别人的办公室或公共场所)能够后半句构成一个完整的句子。故选D。
【16题详解】
根据上文If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.(如果你的办公室有一扇门，好好利用它)可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not(当你有空的时候让它开着，不方便的时候就把它关上)符合语境。故选G。
【点睛】本文中的第2小题属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题根据下文Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.(告诉对方你很抱歉，并解释你有很多事情要做，然后问他们是否可以在不同的时间交谈)可知，这一段主要是讲述学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no(如果你很忙，不要因为说“不”而感到不好意思)符合语境。故选A。
当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节， 满分 30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B 、C 和 D)中， 选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to ___17___ his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard. However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and ___18___ him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to ___19___, Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 50 meters.
___20___, his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great ___21___ Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n) ___22___ pace, moved forward for one final push. ___23___, it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply ___24___ .
Before his coach could ___25___ him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he ___26___ to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was ___27___. At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for ___28___ Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first,securing his___29___a faster time
In today’s ___30___ world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was ___31___ to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
17. A. play B. beat C. check D. measure
18. A. failed B. warned C. dragged D. raised
19. A. rest B. win C. leave D. finish
20. A. Relieved B. Exhausted C. Concerned D. Disappointed
21. A. luck B. effort C. passion D. respect
22. A. rapid B. relaxed C. unsteady D. impatient
23. A. Normally B. Eventually C. Unbelievably D. Unfortunately
24. A. gave out B. broke up C. fell down D. slowed down
25. A. guide B. reach C. serve D. blame
26. A. refused B. hesitated C. regretted D. pretended
27. A. in his hand B. out of breath C. on his feet D. out of danger
28. A. direction B. support C. courage D. comfort
29. A. assistant B. teammate C. follower D. opponent
30. A. diverse B. well-developed C. competitive D. ever-changing
31. A. urgent B. common C. confusing D. inspiring
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play播放；B.beat赛过，胜过；C.check检查；D.measure措施。根据前一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。)”可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平，beat a record，意为“打破纪录”，此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed失败；B.warned警告；C. dragged拖；D.raised 举起，提高。动词短语fail sb意为“使某人失望；有负于某人；某人无能为力”，此处指Cerveny腿抽筋，无法支撑他，他摔倒了。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest休息；B.win赢；C.leave离开；D.finish完成。根据本句中“rose from the ground and continued on”可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved解脱；B.Exhausted筋疲力尽；C.Concerned关心；D.Disappointed失望。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。Concerned符合语境，故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck运气；B.effort努力；C.passion激情；D.respect尊重。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力，短语with great effort，意为“吃力地，经过巨大的努力”。故需B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.rapid快速；B.relaxed放松；C.unsteady不稳定；D.impatient急躁。上文“With great 6 Cerveny pulled himself up(Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来)”可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally通常；B.Eventually最终；C.Unbelievably令人难以置信的；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 .(在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。)”可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，Unfortunately符合语境。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gave out精疲力竭；B.broke up分手，分解；C.fell down倒下；D.slowed down减速。根据上文“However, his legs cramped (抽筋) and 2 him with only 200 meters to go.(然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了)”可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide引导；B.reach到达；C.serve服务；D.blame责怪。根据后半句的at his side to help，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次把 Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.regretted后悔；D.pretended假装。根据后一句“With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 .(又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来)”可知，尽管第一次没有把 Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，故可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来。A.in his hand在他手里；B.out of breath喘不过气来；C.on his feet站起来；D.out of danger危险。根据语境，“With a second pull”, Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。on his feet符合语境，故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction方向；B.support支持；C.courage勇气；D.comfort安慰。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant助理；B.teammate队友；C.follower跟随者；D.opponent对手。根据上文“Aiming to 1 his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.(为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。)”可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破自己的纪录，在比赛中，他和Brandon为对手。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.diverse多样的；B.well-developed发展良好的；C.competitive竞争激烈的；D.ever-changing不断变化。根据第一段的第一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平)”可知，运动中，竞争很激烈，可推知，整个世界也是竞争激烈的，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.urgent紧急的；B.common常见的；C.confusing困惑的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文Brandon帮助Cerveny一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选D项。
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容( 1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
My name is Billy Smith. I’m 50 years old this year. I was very fat two years ago. ___32___(fortunate), I managed to lose weight.
I began to gain weight when my mom developed Parkinson’s disease in 1992. I soon became her caregiver, and continued to provide her___33___ care for over 10 years. But when the pressure of taking care of my mother and___34___(keep) my job got too much for me, I began to eat fast food. I gained weight quickly.
My huge weight gain caused me to develop high blood pressure. I also had___35___(difficult) in breathing at times. In 2014 I went to see my doctor,___36___told me that I would die within two years if I didn’t lose weight. I didn’t want to die. I wanted to see my young son grow up, and I knew ___37___was time to change.
I started to eat healthy food and work out in the gym. Finally, I___38___(succeed) in losing weight. Now I weigh less. I had never been to my son’s parents’ evenings because I was so ashamed and scared that my weight would lead to him being bullied. Now,___39___(look) normal, I can do the___40___(thing) I have never been able to do, but should____41____(do) as his father.
【答案】32. Fortunately
33. with 34. keeping
35. difficulty
36. who 37. it
38. succeeded
39. looking
40. things 41. have done
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者过胖的体重给他的生活带来的影响。
【32题详解】
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我减肥成功了。修饰句子要用副词，形容词fortunate的副词是fortunately。单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。
【33题详解】
考查介词。句意：我很快成为了她的看护人，并在接下来的10年里一直照顾着她。provide sb. with sth.意为“提供某人某物”，是固定搭配。故填with。
【34题详解】
考查动名词。句意：但是，当照顾母亲和保住工作的压力对我来说太大时，我开始吃快餐。and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，taking和keeping由and连接作介词of的宾语。故填keeping。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：我有时也呼吸困难。have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做某事在困难”，是固定搭配。故填difficulty。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2014年，我去看医生，医生告诉我，如果我不减肥，我将在两年内死去。分析句子结构可知这一个非限制性定语从句，先行词doctor指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
【37题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：我想看着我年幼的儿子长大，我知道是时候改变了。it is time to do固定句型，意为“到了做某事的时候了”，此处it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：最后，我成功地减肥了。该句描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填succeeded。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：现在，我看起来正常了，我可以做一些我作为他父亲本应该做却从未做过的事情。句中有谓语can do，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，I与look之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。故填looking。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：现在，我看起来正常了，我可以做一些我作为他父亲本应该做却从未做过的事情。根据后面的定语从句I have never been able to do可知，先行词thing用复数形式，表示不止一件。故填things。
【41题详解】
考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：现在，我看起来正常了，我可以做一些我作为他父亲本应该做却从未做过的事情。固定结构：should have done“本应该做而没有做”，情态动词should已经给出。故填have done。
第四部分 词汇基础(共60分)
第一节 词义匹配(共10小题，每空 1 分， 满分 10 分)
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。
A. expressing a threat of harm or violence
B. to entertain audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.
C. having a strong desire to know about something.
D. making you happier or giving you more hope
E. feeling worried or nervous.
F. to organize or do a particular activity
G. what you do, say or think as a result of something that has happened.
H. to be slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain or nervous.
I. a long period of time when there’s little or no rain
J. the act of protecting someone.
42. He seemed anxious about the meeting.
43. Wear clothes that provide protection against the wind and rain.
44. Tu Yoyo and her team members conducted many experiments and succeeded at last.
45. They are very curious about the people who live upstairs.
46. People there suffered two years of severe drought, which caused many to die.
47. It’s an uplifting experience to compete in such a match.
48. My immediate reaction to the news was a shock.
49. The play was first performed in 2007.
50. Hearing the difficult question, she hesitated before answered.
51. Reading those threatening letters, she shook because of fear.
【答案】42. E 43. J
44. F 45. C
46. I 47. D
48. G 49. B
50. H 51. A
【解析】
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。划线词anxious的意思是“焦虑的”，与E项 feeling worried or nervous.（感到担心或紧张。）匹配。故选E。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：穿能挡风遮雨的衣服。划线词protection的意思是“保护”，与J项the act of protecting someone.（保护某人的行为。）匹配。故选J。
【44题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：屠呦呦和她的团队成员进行了多次实验，最终取得了成功。划线词conducted的意思是“管理，引导，指挥”，与F项to organize or do a particular activity（组织或做一项特定的活动）匹配。故选F。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们对住在楼上的人很好奇。划线词curious的意思是“好奇的”，与C项having a strong desire to know about something.（对某事有强烈的求知欲。）匹配。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：那里的人们遭受了两年的严重干旱，导致许多人死亡。划线词drought的意思是“干旱”，与I项a long period of time when there’s little or no rain（长时间少雨或不下雨）匹配。故选I。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：参加这样的比赛是一种令人振奋的经历。划线词uplifting的意思是“令人振奋的”，与D项 making you happier or giving you more hope（让你更快乐或者给你更多希望）匹配。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：我听到这个消息的第一反应是震惊。划线词reaction的意思是“反应”，在句中作主语，与G项what you do, say or think as a result of something that has happened.（由于某事的发生，你所做、所说或所想的事情。）匹配。故选G。
【49题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：该剧于2007年首演。划线词performed的意思是“执行，表演”，与B项 to entertain audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.（表演通过演奏音乐、在戏剧中表演等来娱乐观众）匹配。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：听到这个难以回答的问题，她犹豫了一下才回答。划线词hesitated的意思是“犹豫”，与H项to be slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain or nervous.（因为感到不确定或紧张而说话或行动迟缓。）匹配。故选H。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：读着那些恐吓信，她吓得浑身发抖。划线词threatening的意思是“恐吓的”，是形容词在句中作定语，与A项expressing a threat of harm or violence（威胁的表示伤害或暴力威胁的）匹配。故选A。
第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题，每空 1 分， 满分 10 分)
根据前后文及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示， 写出该单词的正确形式。
52. The moment I heard the word “Moskoe- strom” I became very f________, for it meant a disaster.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】frightened #rightened
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：当我听到“莫斯科风暴”这个词时，我非常害怕，因为这意味着一场灾难。此处表示“变得感到害怕”，结合句意和首字母可知，frightened“感到害怕的”，作表语。故填frightened。
53. Keeping calm and making important o__________ in a whirlpool saved the fisherman’s life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】observations #bservations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在漩涡中保持冷静并进行重要观察救了渔夫的命。根据首字母和句意可知，名词observation符合句意，且用复数形式。作宾语。故填observations。
54. R________ teams are the people who work to save people trapped under buildings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Rescue##escue
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作定语。句意：救援队的工作是拯救被困在建筑物下的人。结合句意和首字母可知，名词rescue“营救”在句中作定语，符合句意，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故填Rescue。
55. Amundsen’s team was the first to leave and came back safely, ten days ahead of their planned s________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】schedule##chedule
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：阿蒙森的队伍是第一个离开并安全返回的，比原计划提前了10天。根据首字母和句意可知，名词schedule“计划”符合句意，作表语，此处指他们的原计划，应用单数。故填schedule。
56. Van Gogh painted m________ circles of white and yellow racing across the sky in his painting, Starry Night. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】massive##assive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：梵高在他的画作《星夜》中描绘了巨大的白色和黄色圆圈在天空中奔跑。由“circles of white and yellow racing across the sky in his painting, Starry Night”可知，句子表示“梵高在他的画作《星夜》中描绘了巨大的白色和黄色圆圈在天空中奔跑”，空格处意为“巨大的”，空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词circles，由首字母提示m可知，是massive。故填massive。
57. Inspired by his ________(拼搏；奋斗) with deafness, the composer created some amazing pieces.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】struggles
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这位作曲家受到与耳聋斗争的启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品。“拼搏；奋斗”得英文表达是struggle，由下文“with deafness, the composer created some amazing pieces”可知，“斗争”不止一个，此处用复数形式struggles，作介词的宾语。故填struggles。
58. The Beijing Opera __________(表演者)must sing in a high voice, otherwise they couldn’t be heard over the crowds. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】performers
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：京剧演员唱歌的声音必须很高，否则在人群中听不见。“表演者”的英文表达是performer，此处用名词的复数形式。故填performers。
59. Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest ________(作曲家) in the history of music. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】composers
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：贝多芬被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。one of+名词复数；“作曲家”的英文表达是composer，此处用复数形式composers。故填composers。
60. As the final, joyous note _______(标志) the end of the symphony, audience jumped to their feet. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】signalled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当最后一个欢快的音符标志着交响乐的结束时，观众们都跳了起来。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词signal，照应主句谓语动词jumped可知，应为一般过去时。故填signalled。
61. I will ________(感激) it very much if you can take my application into consideration. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appreciate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。“感激”是appreciate，will是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填appreciate。
第三节 句型结构(每小题3 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
62. Beethoven himself __________(负责) the orchestra and conducted the first performance of Symphony No.9.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】took charge of
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：贝多芬亲自指挥了乐团，并指挥了《第九交响曲》的首演。“负责”的英文表达是take charge of“负责，掌管”；该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填took charge of。
63. When talking about traditional Chinese art, people always _________(指的是；提到) Beijing Opera. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】refer to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当谈到中国传统艺术时，人们总是提到京剧。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语refer to，to是介词，且本句为客观描述，应为一般现在时，主语是people，谓语动词应为复数。故填refer to。
64. The sledges of Scott’s team _________ (出故障) on the half ways, so they had to push the things themselves. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】broke down
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：斯科特队的雪橇在中途坏了，所以他们不得不自己推东西。“出故障”的英文表达是break down；该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填broke down。
65. When we were _________(在……边缘) the whirlpool, I felt calmer. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】on the edge of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：当我们在漩涡的边缘时，我感到平静了一些。“在……边缘”的英文表达是on the edge of。故填on the edge of。
66. Nature was hurt by humans, so it felt pain and finally __________(对...置之不理) us. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】turned its back on
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：大自然受到了人类的伤害，所以它感到痛苦，最终背弃了我们。“对...置之不理”的英文表达是turn its back on，这里在描述过去发生的事，句子用一般过去时。故答案为turned its back on。
第四节 写作(25分)
67. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校来自英国的交换生Jim发邮件请你推荐一门学校特色课程：请你用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你推荐的课程；
2.你的理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数，
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
How is it going? I’m writing to recommend a distinctive course to you — Chinese Kungfu.
This course is perfect for you. First, it is great for your overall health. Chinese Kungfu involves a lot of body movements, which can make you stronger and more flexible. It can also reduce your stress and keep you in a relaxed mood. What’s more, the course is interactive. During the training, you can get positive feedback and learn how to cooperate with others. I’m sure you can benefit a lot from it.
Are you ready to give it a go? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向来自英因的交换生Jim发邮件推荐一门学校特色课程。
【详解】1.词汇积累
推荐：recommend→suggest/advise
此外：besides → what’s more
包括：involve→include
合作：cooperate with→ deal with/get along well with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During the training, you can get positive feedback and learn how to cooperate with others.
拓展句：When you are training, you can get positive feedback and learn how you can cooperate with others.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Chinese Kungfu involves a lot of body movements, which can make you stronger and more flexible.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 I’m sure you can benefit a lot from it.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-6 ABABAC
7. The director.
8. Cooking.
9. About 3/three years ago.
10. Every day.
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