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2023年江苏省淮安市淮安区中考英语一模试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2023年江苏省淮安市淮安区中考英语一模试卷（含解析），共27页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-多任务混合，选词填空-短文，单句语法填空，完成句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年江苏省淮安市淮安区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
1. Lionel Messi，leader of the Argentina national football team，is__________ first football player to win Adidas Golden Ball（金球奖） twice.（ ）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.Beginning of Summer（立夏） falls __________May 6th this year.（ ）
A. in B. on C. to D. at
3. There is only one ticket left for the concert． ________ you ______ your cousin can go to watch it．（ ）
A. Neither； nor B. Either； or
C. Both； and D. Not only； but also
4. He couldn't _____ an answer when I asked him why he was late for the meeting again.（ ）
A. look over B. put up C. open up D. come up with
5. The weather report says there will be much__________ tomorrow and we may have__________off.（ ）
A. snow；one day B. snowy；one day
C. snow；one day's D. snowy；one day's
6. The film，Shuimen Bridge in Changjin Lake，directed by Wu Jing，was very __________and we felt quite__________when watching it.（ ）
A. exciting；exciting B. excited；excited
C. excited；exciting D. exciting；excited
7. The space lecture given by the astronauts was eye-opening experience that it aroused my brother's interest in science.（ ）
A. so B. so an C. such D. such an
8. You can see eighty percent (百分之) of the class ______ most of the work. The rest of the work ______ really difficult.
A. is doing, is B. are doing, are C. are doing, is D. is doing, are
9. —Lucy，what do you want to know about Huai'an？
—I am wondering __________.（ ）
A. that Huaiyang food is delicious
B. what Huai'an was like at present
C. how people in Huai'an spend their free time
D. how long did it take to build Fantawild（方特） Adventure Theme Park
10. —I stayed up late last night.I really want to get good grades in the coming exam.
— __________，Jim!Health comes first.（ ）
A. Take care B. Don't worry
C. In your dreams D. I'm sorry to hear that
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
A 70-year-old Chinese woman has been called "Super Grannie" after it was reported that she is crazy about （1） ______ and has completed over 100 marathons（马拉松） so far.
Most old people choose to take it easy （2） ______ they retire（退休），but Wang Guilan，from Liaoning，is certainly not （3） ______ of them.She only started running at the age of 50，as a rule to keep in （4） ______ ，but soon realized it was her passion（酷爱）.She ran her first marathon in 2004 and hasn't（5） ______ since.From 2005 to 2021，she completed the Beijing Marathon thirteen （6） ______ ， and this year she set a new record，becoming the oldest person to ever complete the 168-kilometer Liaoning marathon.
" This lady is as （7） ______ as my grandmother，how can she run so fast？That's surprising，"a runner（8） ______ his twenties said after seeing Wang compete in the Liaoning marathon in April.Last year，she ran for the 110 km version of the marathon with her（9） ______ .It was reported that she waited for her friend to catch up for about 5-6 hours （10） ______ they could cross the finishing line together，but this year she took part in the marathon by herself，and chose the （11） ______ distance.
So why（12） ______ a 70-year-old stay in good condition to complete a marathon，while most people half her（13） ______ couldn't finish？One reason，according to Sina，is that Wang Guilan runs （14） ______ 20 kilometers every day.And she loves running on mountain roads in her native Liaoning，but in winter she runs on asphalt（沥青） roads.
Wang Guilan strongly believes that age is just a number，and plans to （15） ______ running and enjoying the sunset of her life for as long as her health allows it.
11. A. running B. swimming C. skating D. dancing
12. A. before B. while C. after D. because
13. A. some B. one C. most D. both
14. A. mind B. touch C. order D. shape
15. A. succeeded B. stopped C. cheered D. progressed
16. A. months B. days C. times D. weeks
17. A. pretty B. old C. clever D. healthy
18. A. in B. at C. with D. against
19. A. teacher B. husband C. student D. friend
20. A. if B. so that C. unless D. even if
21. A. longest B. shortest C. best D. nearest
22. A. should B. must C. can D. will
23. A. weight B. age C. height D. size
24. A. at least B. at most C. only D. less than
25. A. consider B. mind C. avoid D. continue
三、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共30.0分）
A
One morning，Roberta，Peter，and Phyllis went out to get wild cherries.When they arrived at the railway tunnel，they looked up at the trees above it.
"What's happening？"Peter said，"Look at the trees.They're moving."
He was right.The trees were sliding down the hill.
"It's a landslide（滑坡），"Roberta said，"There has been a lot of rain.The earth is soft.It is moving and bringing the trees with it."
"They are going to fall on the railway line，"Phyllis said，"There'll be an accident if the train hits them.We must stop the next train."
"How do we do that？"Peter said eagerly，"The next train is due at 11：29.That's in five minutes.And the train is only about fifteen kilometers away."
"We can run towards the train and wave to the driver，"Phyllis said.
"He won't think there is anything wrong，"Roberta said，"We always wave to him."
"We need something red to wave，"Peter said，"Red is for danger."
"My petticoat is red，"Phyllis said，"I'll tear pieces off."She then tore stripes from the bottom of her petticoat.
"We need sticks to tie the stripes to，"Peter said.
The children ran to a nearby tree.With his knife，Peter cut off three thin branches.
He ties each of the stripes of red petticoat to one of the branches.
"Now we have red flags，"he said，"When we wave these，the engine driver will know something is wrong.He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is."
The children ran through the tunnel and waited at the other side for the train to come.Finally，the train arrived.The children waved their flags.Roberta was so excited that she fainted and lay on the ground.
The engine driver saw the red flags and the children.He knew something was wrong.He stopped the train.A bad accident was prevented.
----Adapted from The Railway Children
26. What did the children want to get near the railway tunnel？ ______
A. Strawberries. B. Wild cherries. C. Flowers. D. Coal.
27. What caused the landslide？ ______
A. The earth was moving because of a big train.
B. The tunnel was too big.
C. The children pushed down some trees.
D. The earth was soft because of the rain.
28. Why did the engine driver stop the train？ ______
A. He saw the trees on the line.
B. He heard the station master shouting.
C. He saw the red flags.
D. The passengers told him to stop.
29. What do you think of these children from this story？ ______
A. They are brave and clever. B. They are polite and helpful.
C. They are generous and lovely. D. They are friendly and kind.
B
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms（节气）.In the ancient days，they were important instructions for the farming production as well as people's daily lives.Here are four solar terms and some details about them.
Spring Equinox
It starts around March 21st.During this time，swallows fly back to the north.It is also a good time for people to fly kites and eat spring vegetables.
Summer Solstice
It begins around June 21st.To celebrate Summer Solstice，people often give colored fans to each other because fans can help them cool down.
Autumn Equinox
It starts around September 23rd.From Autumn Equinox，most of the areas in China will enter the cool autumn.It is a season for people to eat crabs and enjoy chrysanthemums（菊花）.
Winter Solstice
It begins around December 22nd.It marks the arrival of the coldest season in a year.People usually make and eat dumplings with their family members.
30. Spring Equinox begins around ______ .
A. March 21ᵃ B. June 21st
C. September 23ⁿᵈ D. December 22ⁿᵈ
31. To celebrate Summer Solstice，people ______ .
A. eat spring vegetables
B. give each other colored fans
C. enjoy chrysanthemums
D. make and eat dumplings （3） ______ marks the arrival of the coldest season in the year. A.Spring Equinox B.Summer Solstice C.Autumn Equinox D.Winter Solstice
32. Which of the sentences below is TRUE？ ______
A. People divided solar terms according to Gregorian calendar（公历）.
B. Solar terms are very important for farmers.
C. We should eat mooncakes when Autumn Equinox arrives.
D. Swallows fly to the south during Winter Solstice.
C
The word "zhiyin" which means close friends，comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Warring States Period.
Boya was good at playing guqin.One day，he was playing music on his way home on the boat.To Boya's surprise，Ziqi，a woodcutter who happened to pass by，could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music.After a long talk，they became good friends.Since Boya had to return to his state，they agreed to meet again in the following year.
Unluckily，when getting back to visit Ziqi，Boya heard that his friend had died from a disease.Boya was so sad and in front of ziqi's tomb（墓），he played again the music he had played when they first met.The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying.When finishing playing，Boya broke guqin into pieces.From then on，Boya never played again.
People in the Song Dynasty built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang to the memory of the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi.It became an important part of the local culture.
Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period.The famous ancient Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province in 2016.The musical performance ▲showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture， ▲expressed China's willingness to develop its friendship with people from around the world.
33. What did Zhong Ziqi do for a living？ ______
A. A musician. B. A music lover. C. A woodcutter. D. A traveller.
34. What's the meaning of the phrase "to the memory of" in paragraph 4？ ______
A. 怀念 B. 宣传 C. 背诵 D. 讲述
35. Which of the conjunction（连词） can be put in the ▲ in paragraph 5？ ______
A. either...or B. neither…nor
C. not…but D. not only…but also
36. Which of the following can best show the main idea of the story？ ______
A. Both together do best of all.
B. A true friend is hard to find.
C. Old friends and old wine are best.
D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
D
Don't throw away your old phones.You are actually throwing away real gold!Smartphones has many useful things such as gold，silver and copper（铜）.People can recycle them to make new electronics（电子器件）.
But many people may not know this.In Australia alone there are more than 25 million unused mobile phones lying around，Sydney Morning Herald reported.The gold in these phones can add up to more than ＄80 million（542 million yuan）.There are about 2 billion smartphone users who change their phone once every 11 months.So the number of the old phones is amazing around the world.Especially in China，people produce 80 million old phones every year，according to New Express Daily.
However，it's not easy to get the useful things out of the phones.Smartphones have not only useful things，but also harmful materials（有害物质）.Guiyu，a small town in Shantou，Guangdong，is one of the world's biggest dumping grounds（垃圾倾倒场） for electronic waste，Reuters reported.Many recycling centers in Guiyu simply break the old electronics by hand and don't think about the pollution it causes.According to a local government report，81 percent of the children in Guiyu are harmed by lead poisoning（铅中毒）.
37. To recycle old phones，how can people deal with them？ ______
A. Throw them away. B. Make gold rings.
C. Make new electronics. D. Clean the city's roads.
38. How often do smartphone users change their phones？ ______
A. Once a month. B. Once every 11 months.
C. Twice every 18 months. D. Twice a month.
39. The kids in Guiyu get lead poisoning because ______ .
A. People in Guiyu like to throw away old phones.
B. Guiyu has the world's biggest lead（铅） factory.
C. Guiyu uses machines to recycle electronics.
D. Guiyu is polluted by electronic waste.
第II卷（非选择题）
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共2小题，共20.0分）
40. In the world，China is the second--largest cotton producer（生产地）.Most of the cotton grows in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region（新疆维吾尔自治区）.
Cotton needs lots of heat and sunshine to grow.Xinjiang is a good place to grow it.It has lots of sunshine--about 3，000 hours every year.
Xinjiang produces over 80 percent of China's cotton.The most famous cotton in Xinjiang is long--stapled cotton（长绒棉）.Its fibers（纤维） are longer，softer，and whiter than those of other cotton.It's warm and comfortable.It's good for making cloth and quilts（被子）.It's one of the best kinds of cotton in the world.
Every year from August to October，Xinjiang harvests about 5 million tons of cotton.That's a lot!But now harvesting the cotton is not a hard job for cotton farmers.Technology is here to help.
Farmers first fly a drone（无人机） to spray（喷洒）a kind of special water.It makes the cotton leaves fall.Now it's time to drive the machine.This big machine has a huge "mouth"and sharp"teeth".It"eats"while walking.Wow，it"eats up"all the cotton in the field!The big guy"lays eggs"next.Look，it has left some round and tall cotton "eggs"!Then，farmers can pick up the cotton.
Every year，after the harvest season，the fresh cotton is sent to the factories nearby.There，the cotton is made into cloth and quilts.
根据上面短文的内容，回答问题。（每题答案不超过六个单词）
(1) According to the passage，where does most of the cotton grow？
______
(2) What is the cotton in Xinjiang good for making？
______
(3) Is harvesting the cotton hard or easy for cotton farmers in Xinjiang now？
______
(4) How many tons of cotton does Xinjiang harvest every year？
______
(5) What do you think of the cotton in Xinjiang？
______
41. Visiting Lake Tahoe（塔霍湖） during winter is great fun.Here are the tips for you.
The first thing you should do is to bring more than three layers（层） of clothing.If you don't，you'll feel cold.
You should also go skiing or snowboarding for the whole day.If you don't，your trip to Tahoe will be a waste.Otherwise，there is just baby stuff（东西） like sledding（滑雪橇），snowball fights，or tubing（滑雪圈）.Would you want to do these for your stay at Tahoe？
Moreover，you should visit Tahoe for at least three days.If you don't，what's the point？You may have to drive three hours and all you get is a day of skiing and a day of playing in the snow.It would be a waste of time and money.But if you stay for at least three days（two nights），then at least you will enjoy two days of skiing and a day of playing in the snow.
However，here are some things you shouldn't do at Lake Tahoe.
First，don't drive on the highway（公路） when it's snowing.The highway has much traffic and it will be boring to drive.
My second advice would be not to buy ski resort（度假村） food.Last time I tried a ski resort's fish and chips，they tasted like cement（水泥）.You can buy some snacks at Costco or some other supermarket near your hotel.
My last tip is to be careful when you ski by yourself.Though you know how to ski，you still may fall down，get hurt，or even die.Millions of people get hurt every year when skiing or snowboarding.
(1) It is very interesting ______ Lake Tahoe.The passage gives visitors 6 ______ on visiting Lake Tahoe.
(2) First，if you bring enough clothes，you will ______ .Also，in order not to make the trip a waste， ______ or snowboarding for the whole day is necessary.
(3) Visiting Lake Tahoe for at least 3 days，such as two days of skiing and ______ in the snow can be a meaningful trip.Otherwise，you would waste ______ .
(4) Don't drive on the highway when it's snowing because there is ______ and you will feel ______ while driving.
(5) You'd better not buy ski resort food ______ the terrible taste.Remember to ______ when you ski alone.Millions of people get hurt every year when skiing or snowboarding.
五、选词填空-短文（本大题共1小题，共8.0分）
42.
feel sleepy，to high standards，put through，doing，to control，at high speed，endless，get used to，done
(1) Mother's love is like an ______ river.It gives us too much during our lives.
(2) A big fire happened yesterday.Luckily，the firemen tried their best ______ the situation.
(3) The roller coaster moved ______ and we were screaming through the ride.
(4) As soon as the cake is ______ ， remember to take it out from the oven（烤箱）.
(5) The boring speech makes the little boy ______ .
(6) If the customer rings up for me again，please ______ the call to the sales department.
(7) Both the engineer and the pioneer heart surgeon always work ______ .
(8) I didn't think Simon could ______ living in the countryside after he lived in a big city for a long time.
六、单句语法填空（本大题共7小题，共7.0分）
43. Two young Chinese names ______ （shine） brightly at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games：skier Gu Ailing and snowboarder Su Yiming
44. This meeting is important，so we'll have a ______ （far）discussion later.
45. The old man walked slowly to his home， ______ （ carry）a large bag in his back.
46. It takes ______ （ little） time to Nanjing South Railway Station by underground than by bus in rush hours.
47. The children left behind（留守儿童） all feel ______ （ terrible） lonely and miss their parents a lot.
48. Don't let the ______ （ sad） of your past and the fear of your future influence your present.
49. Brisbane will host the 2032 Olympic Games.It will be the ______ （three） time that Australia has hosted the Olympics after Melbourne in 1956 and Sydney in 2000.
七、完成句子（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
50. 如果地震后被困，你要保持冷静并设法找到出路。
If you ______ after the earthquake，you should keep calm and try to ______ .
51. 事实证明，受害者是在外面某个地方受伤，回家后失血过多死亡。
It ______ that the victim was wounded somewhere outside and ______ after he got back home.
52. 那个5岁的男孩因甲流昨晚发高烧，他的父母尽可能快地送他去医院。
The 5-year-old boy ______ because of HIN1 influenza last night，so his parents took him to the hospital ______ .
53. 当你去加拿大出差时，请互相保持联系。
Please ______ each other when you go to Canada ______ .
54. 2023年2月，7.8级强烈地震在土耳其爆发，成千上万人丧命。
A strong earthquake of 7.8 magnitude ______ in Turkey in February in 2023，and thousands of people ______ .
八、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
55. "运河三千里，醉美是淮安"。近些年，我们家乡淮安的环境发生了巨大的变化，假设你是李华，请根据以下要点写一篇短文，向你的外国朋友John简要介绍家乡淮安的变化，并邀请他来淮安旅游。
家乡的变化
过去的家乡
又脏又窄的马路；人们到处扔垃圾
现在的家乡
道路宽敞干净；空气清新；高楼大厦矗立
淮安三日游
计划
第一天：步行到河下古镇（Hexia Ancient Town），拍照，品尝美食；
第二天：乘公交到森林公园（the Forest Park），放风筝…；
第三天：乘公交到西游乐园（Xiyou World of Adventure），观看卡通
人物游行，看烟花；
要求：
（1）内容包括以上要点，语句通顺，可适当发挥；
（2）2.90词左右。开头结尾已给，不计入总词数。
Dear John，
My hometown--Huai'an has changed a lot over the years.
I hope you will have a wonderful time in Huai'an!
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
答案和解析
1.【答案】C
【解析】a/an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，表示数量，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/这些，定冠词，表特指；/表示不填，零冠词。分析句子可知，此处使用定冠词the表特指，first"第一"是序数词，序数词前常使用定冠词the。
故选：C。
阿根廷国家足球队队长莱昂内尔•梅西是第一位两次获得阿迪达斯金球奖的足球运动员。
熟练掌握冠词的用法，牢记序数词前常使用定冠词the。
2.【答案】B
【解析】in后跟年份、月份、季节等；at后跟具体时刻；on后接具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；to到、朝。根据May 6th ，指的是具体的一天，因此用介词on。
故选：B。
中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。今年的立夏日是5月6日。
掌握常用的时间介词用法是解答此题的关键。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。A既不；也不。B或者；或者。C两者都。D不但；而且。结合语境"音乐会只剩下一张票了，你__你的表兄可以去看。"．可知，应该是"或者……或者……"．
故选：B。
音乐会只剩下一张票了，你或你的表兄可以去看。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
4.【答案】D
【解析】look over仔细检查，温习；put up举起，挂起，张贴；open up开发，打开；come up with想出，提出．根据句意"当我问他为什么开会又迟到时，他___答案．"可知，come up with符合句意，come up with an answer答不上来．
故选：D．
当我问他为什么开会又迟到时，他答不上来．
题目考查动词短语，要求学生在日常的学习中注意掌握动词短语并牢记其含义．做题时，在明确各选项含义的基础上，结合具体语境，即可得出答案．
5.【答案】A
【解析】 snow雪，是不可数名词；one day一天；snowy下雪的，是形容词；one day's一天的。第一空是there be句型，后加名词；第二空表示"请假一天"，用have one day off。
故选：A。
天气预报说明天会有很多雪，我们可能请假一天。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词的ing形式和动词的ed形式的用法区别。exciting令人激动的，主要用来修饰事或物的；excited感到激动的，主要用来修饰人的。根据观察可知第一个空格处填exciting，修饰的是电影；第二个空格填excited，修饰的是人。
故选：D。
吴京导演的电影《长津湖水门桥》是非常令人激动的。当我们看这部电影时，我们感到非常激动。
本题主要考查动词的ing形式和动词的ed形式的用法区别。
7.【答案】D
【解析】如此...以致于"so+形容词+that+句子；such+形容词+不可数名词+that+句子；such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that+句子"；"eye-opening"为形容词，且为元音音素开头，experience为可数名词，意思为"经历"，故选项D正确。
故选：D。
宇航员们所做的太空讲座是如此一次令人大开眼界的经历以致于它引起了我弟弟对科学的兴趣。
作答此类试题，首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思和用法，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：你可以看到百分之八十的同学正在做大部分的工作，剩下的工作真的很难。根据You can see eighty percent（百分之） of the class，可知主语是复数概念，所以这里be动词用复数形式，work是不可数名词，第二句主语The rest of the work为单数，谓语动词应该用单数形式is。故选C
9.【答案】C
【解析】根据观察和分析可知题干包含宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，因此可先排除D。主句谓语动词wonder的意思是"想知道"，后面不接that引导的宾语从句，因此可排除A。选项B中的时态应使用一般现在时，可排除B。本题答案是C。
故选：C。
--Lucy，关于淮安，你想了解什么？
--我正想知道淮安人是怎么度过业余时间的。
本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。
10.【答案】A
【解析】A.Take care 当心；B.Don't worry别担心；C.In your dreams在你的梦想里；D.I'm sorry to hear that听到这个消息我很遗憾。根据Health comes first.（健康是第一位的。）可知他在劝吉姆要当心身体。
故选：A。
—我昨天晚上熬夜了。我真的想要在马上到来的考试中取得好成绩。
—当心，吉姆！健康是第一位的。
掌握不同短语的意思是解答此题的关键。
11~25.【答案】A、C、B、D、B、C、B、A、D、B、A、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：此前有报道称她对跑步很痴迷。running跑步；swimming游泳；skating滑冰；dancing跳舞。根据"has completed over 100 marathons（马拉松） so far（目前为止已经完成了100次马拉松比赛）"可知，她喜欢跑步。故选A。
（2）考查连词。句意：大多数人退休后都选择放松一下。before.....前；while当；after.....后；because因为。根据"Most old people choose to take it easy they retire（大多数老人选择放松 退休），"可知，是退休后休息。故选C。
（3）考查代词。句意：但来自辽宁的王桂兰肯定不是其中之一。some一些；one一个；most大多数；both两者都。根据"Wang Guilan，from Liaoning，is certainly not of them（来自辽宁的王桂兰肯定不是 ） "可知，她不是其中之一，one of ......之一。故选B。
（4）考查名词。句意：她在50岁的时候才开始跑步，作为一种保持身材的方式，但她很快意识到这是她的激情所在。mind思想；touch触觉；order点菜；shape形状。根据"She only started running at the age of 50，as a rule to keep in .（她在50岁的时候才开始跑步，作为一种 方式） "可知，跑步是为了保持身材，keep in shape"保持身材"。故选D。
（5）考查动词。句意：2004年，她第一次跑马拉松，此后就没停过。succeeded成功；stopped停止；cheered欢呼；progressed进步。根据"From 2005 to 2021，she completed the Beijing Marathon thirteen .（从2005年到2021年，她完成了北京马拉松13 。）"可知，她没有停止跑步。故选B。
（6）考查名词。句意：从2005年到2021年，她完成了13次北京马拉松比赛。months月；days天；times次数；weeks周。根据"From 2005 to 2021，she completed the Beijing Marathon thirteen .（从2005年到2021年，她完成了北京马拉松13 。）"可知，完成了13次马拉松比赛。故选C。
（7）考查形容词。句意：这位女士和我奶奶一样大。pretty美丽的；old老的；clever聪明的；healthy健康的。根据"as my grandmother（像我的奶奶一样）"可知，是和奶奶一样老。故选B。
（8）考查介词。句意：一名20多岁的运动员在看了王4月份参加辽宁马拉松比赛后说。in在里面；at在；with和；against违背。in his twenties"在他二十多岁时"。故选A。
（9）考查名词。句意：去年，她和朋友一起参加了110公里的马拉松比赛。teacher老师；husband丈夫；student学生；friend朋友。根据"she waited for her friend（她等她的朋友们一起）"可知，是和朋友参加。故选D。
（10）考查连词。句意：据报道，她等了朋友大约5- 6个小时，为了可以和她们一起冲过终点线。if如果；so that以便；unless除非；even if即使。等朋友的目的是可以一起冲过终点线，用so that引导目的状语从句，故选B。
（11）考查形容词最高级。句意：但今年她独自参加了马拉松比赛，并选择了最长的距离。longest最长的；shortest最短的；best最好的；nearest最近的。根据句意可知，她选择了最长的距离。故选A。
（12）考查情态动词。句意：那么，为什么一个70岁的人能保持良好的状态来完成马拉松比赛呢，而大多数年纪只有她一半的人都不能完成？should应该；must必须；can能；will将。根据"So why a 70-year -old stay in good condition to complete a marathon（为什么一个70岁的人 保持良好的状态来完成马拉松）"可知，是询问她能完成马拉松的原因，故选C。
（13）考查名词。句意：那么，为什么一个70岁的人能保持良好的状态来完成马拉松比赛呢，而大多数年纪只有她一半的人都不能完成？weight重量；age年龄；height高度；size尺寸。根据"a 70-year-old（70岁）"以及句意可知，此处应是年龄之间的对比，只有她一半年龄的人却不能完成，故选B。
（14）考查副词。句意：据新浪报道，其中一个原因是王桂兰每天至少跑20公里。at least至少；at most最多；only仅仅；less than少于。根据句意可知，她每天至少跑步20公里。故选A。
（15）考查动词。句意：王桂兰坚信，年龄只是一个数字，她计划继续跑步，只要身体允许，就可以享受生命的夕阳。consider考虑；mind介意；avoid避免；continue继续。根据"running and enjoying the sunset of her life for as long as her health allows it（只要她身体状况允许，她就会跑步，并且享受生命的阳光）"可知，是继续跑步。故选D。
本文主要讲述了一位70岁的老妇人参加多场马拉松比赛的事迹。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
26~29.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段One morning，Roberta，Peter，and Phyllis went out to get wild cherries.When they arrived at the railway tunnel，they looked up at the trees above it.（一天早上，罗伯塔、彼得和菲利斯出去采野樱桃。当他们到达铁路隧道时，他们抬头看了看隧道上方的树木。）可知他们在火车隧道附近想摘野樱桃。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段"It's a landslide（滑坡），"Roberta said，"There has been a lot of rain.The earth is soft.It is moving and bringing the trees with it."（"这是山体滑坡，"罗伯塔说，"下了很多雨。土地是软的。它在移动，也带着树木一起移动。"）可知山体滑坡的原因是下了很多雨，土地是软的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段The engine driver saw the red flags and the children.He knew something was wrong.He stopped the train.（司机看到了红旗和孩子们。他知道出事了。他停下火车。）可知司机停下火车因为他看到了红旗。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第五段"They are going to fall on the railway line，"Phyllis said，"There'll be an accident if the train hits them.We must stop the next train."（"它们会掉在铁路线上，"菲利斯说，"如果火车撞到它们，就会发生事故。我们必须让下一班火车停下来。"）和倒数第三段 "Now we have red flags，"he said，"When we wave these，the engine driver will know something is wrong.He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is."（"现在我们有了危险信号，"他说，"当我们挥动这些信号时，司机就会知道出了问题。他会让火车停下来，问我们出了什么事。"）推断孩子们勇敢又聪明。故选A。
本文主要讲了罗伯塔、彼得和菲利斯外出采摘野樱桃时发现山体滑坡，他们想办法想火车司机停下火车，避免了一场事故的发生。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
30~32.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】细节理解题
（1）根据Spring Equinox（春分）中的 It starts around March 21st.（大约在3月21日开始。）可知，春分从3月21日左右开始，故选：A。
（2）根据Summer Solstice（夏至）中的To celebrate Summer Solstice，people often give colored fans to each other because fans can help them cool down.（为了庆祝夏至，人们经常互相赠送彩扇，因为彩扇可以帮助他们降温。）可知，为了庆祝夏至，人们互相赠送彩扇，故选：B。
（3）根据Winter Solstice（冬至）中的It begins around December 22nd.It marks the arrival of the coldest season in a year.（它大约在12月22日开始。它标志着一年中最冷的季节的到来。）可知，冬至标志着一年中最冷的季节的到来，故选：D。
（4）根据In the ancient days，they were important instructions for the farming production as well as people's daily lives.（在古代，它们是农业生产和人们日常生活的重要指示。）并结合选项可判断出，这与B选项"节气对农民来说很重要。"描述相符，B选项是正确的，故选：B。
本文介绍了中国传统的农历把一年分成24个节气，在古代是重要的指示，本文主要介绍了春分，夏至，秋分和冬至四个节气。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
33~36.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段To Boya's surprise，Ziqi，a woodcutter who happened to pass by，could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music.（令伯牙惊讶的是，正好路过的樵夫子期能准确地理解他想通过音乐表达的东西。）可知，子期是一个樵夫。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第四段People in the Song Dynasty built the GuqinTai in Hanyang to the memory of the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi.（宋朝人在汉阳建造了古琴台，以纪念伯牙和子期之间的深厚友谊。）可知，"to the memory of"意为"纪念、怀念"。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段The musical performance...showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture，（这场音乐表演展示了中国传统文化之美，）...expressed China's willingness to develop its friendship with people from around the world.（表达了中国与世界各国人民发展友谊的意愿。）可知，两句话的意思是递进关系，所以用not only•••but also。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据全文及第一段The word "zhiyin" which means close friends，comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Warring States Period.（"知音"这个词的意思是亲密的朋友，来自战国时期俞伯牙和钟子期的故事。）可知B项"一个真正的朋友很难找到"最能表达故事的大意。故选B。
本文主要介绍了"知音"一词的由来以及知音文化在新时代的意义。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
37~39.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Don't throw away your old phones.You are actually throwing away real gold!Smartphones has many useful things such as gold，silver and copper（铜）.People can recycle them to make new electronics（电子器件）.（不要扔掉你的旧手机。你实际上是在扔真正的黄金！智能手机包含许多有用的东西，如金、银和铜。人们可以回收它们来制造新的电子产品。）可知，人们可以用旧手机制造新的电子产品。故选C。
（2）根据第二段There are about 2 billion smartphone users who change their phone once every 11 months.（大约有20亿智能手机用户每11个月更换一次手机。）可知，智能手机用户每11个月更换一次手机。故选B。
（3）根据第三段Many recycling centers in Guiyu simply break the old electronics by hand and don't think about the pollution it causes.According to a local government report，81 percent of the children in Guiyu are harmed by lead poisoning（铅中毒）.（贵屿的许多回收中心只是用手把旧的电子产品弄坏，而不考虑它造成的污染。根据当地政府的一份报告，贵屿81%的儿童受到铅中毒的伤害。）可知，贵屿的孩子们铅中毒，因为贵屿被电子垃圾污染了。故选D。
本文主要介绍了智能手机有很多有用的金属，人们可以回收制造新的电子产品，此外智能手机还含有有害的物质，对人的身体和环境有危害。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
40.【答案】【小题1】In the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
【小题2】Cloth and quilts.
【小题3】Easy.
【小题4】About 5 million tons of cotton.
【小题5】I think cotton in Xinjiang is very nice.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Most of the cotton grows in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region（新疆维吾尔自治区）.（大部分棉花生长在新疆维吾尔自治区。）可知，根据文章，大部分棉花生长在新疆维吾尔自治区。故答案为：In the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It's good for making cloth and quilts（被子）.It's one of the best kinds of cotton in the world.（它适合做布和被子。它是世界上最好的棉花之一。）可知，新疆的棉花适合做布和被子。故答案为：Cloth and quilts.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段But now harvesting the cotton is not a hard job for cotton farmers.Technology is here to help.（但现在收割棉花对棉农来说并不是一项艰巨的工作。技术是有帮助的。）可知，现在，对新疆的棉农来说，收割棉花是容易的。故答案为：Easy.
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段Every year from August to October，Xinjiang harvests about 5 million tons of cotton.（每年8月至10月，新疆的棉花产量约为500万吨。）可知，新疆每年收获大约500万吨棉花。故答案为：About 5 million tons of cotton.
（5）主观表达题。根据题干What do you think of the cotton in Xinjiang？（你觉得新疆的棉花怎么样？）可知，我认为新疆的棉花很好。故答案为：I think cotton in Xinjiang is very nice.
本文讲述了中国是世界第二大棉花生产国。大部分棉花生长在新疆维吾尔自治区。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
41.【答案】【小题1】to visit
【小题2】tips/advice/suggestions
【小题3】feel warm
【小题4】skiing
【小题5】a day of playing
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Visiting Lake Tahoe during winter is great fun.Here are the tips for you.（冬天游览塔霍湖非常有趣。以下是给你的提示）可知游览塔霍湖很有趣，it is adj to do sth表示"做某事很有趣"；文中一共给出6点关于游览塔霍湖的建议（tips/advice/suggestions）。故填to visit；tips/advice/suggestions。
（2）根据第二段The first thing you should do is to bring more than three layers of clothing.If you don't，you'll feel cold.（你应该做的第一件事是带上三层以上的衣服。如果你不这样做，你会觉得冷。）可知穿得多就会感觉很暖和（feel warm），will后跟动词原形；根据第三段You should also go skiing or snowboarding for the whole day.If you don't.your trip to Tahoe will be a waste.（你也应该去滑雪或单板滑雪一整天。如果你不这样做。你去塔霍湖的旅行将是浪费。）可知应该去滑雪或单板滑雪一整天。故填feel warm；skiing。
（3）根据第四段But if you stay for at least three days（two nights），then at least you will enjoy two days of skiing and a day of playing in the snow.（但如果你至少呆三天（两晚），那么至少你会享受两天的滑雪和一天的雪地玩耍。）可知此处指滑雪两天，在雪地里玩一天；根据It would be a waste of time and money.（这将是浪费时间和金钱。）可知如果不待三天，那就是浪费时间和钱。故填a day of playing；time and money。
（4）根据第六段First，don't drive on the highway when it's snowing.The highway has much traffic and it will be boring to drive.（首先，下雪的时候不要在高速公路上开车。这条高速公路交通繁忙，开车会很无聊。）可知下雪的时候不要在高速公路上开车，因为车辆很多，开车的时候你会觉得很无聊。人作主语，需用bored修饰。故填much traffic：bored。
（5）根据倒数第二段Last time I tried a ski resort's fish and chips，they tasted like cement.（上次我尝试滑雪场的炸鱼薯条时，它们尝起来像水泥。）可知滑雪场的食物难吃是因为味道差，空后是名词短语，用because of；根据最后一段My last tip is to be careful when you ski by yourself.（我的最后一个建议是，当你自己滑雪时要小心。）可知自己滑雪时要小心，remember to do表示"记得做某事"，故填because of；be careful。
本文讲的是游览塔霍湖的一些建议。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
42.【答案】【小题1】endless
【小题2】to control
【小题3】at high speed
【小题4】done
【小题5】feel sleepy
【小题6】put through
【小题7】to high standards
【小题8】get used to
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：母亲的爱就像一条无尽的河流。它在我们的生活中给了我们太多。根据Mother's love is like an...river（母亲的爱就像一条……河流）可知，是指母亲的爱就像一条无尽的河流。故填：endless。
（2）考查动词。句意：昨天发生了一场大火。幸运的是，消防队员尽了最大努力控制了局势。根据the firemen tried their best...the situation（防队员尽了最大的努力来……局势）可知，消防队员尽了最大的努力来控制局势。try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力做某事。故填：to control。
（3）考查短语。句意：过山车高速移动，整个过程中我们都在尖叫。根据The roller coaster moved（过山车移动）可知，过山车高速移动。at high speed以高速……，故填：at high speed。
（4）考查动词。句意：蛋糕一烤好，记得把它从烤箱里拿出来。根据remember to take it out from the oven（记得把它从烤箱里拿出来）可知，蛋糕被做好。用被动语态be+过去分词。故填：done。
（5）考查短语。句意：无聊的演讲使小男孩感到困倦。根据The boring speech makes the little boy（聊的演讲使小男孩感到）可知，是指无聊的演讲使小男孩感到困倦。make sb do sth使得某人做某事。故填：feel sleepy。
（6）考查短语。句意：如果顾客再给我打电话，请把电话接到销售部。根据the call to the sales department（电话到销售部）可知，是指把电话接到销售部。主句是祈使句，用动词原形。故填：put through。
（7）考查短语。句意：工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是以高标准工作。根据Both the engineer and the pioneer heart surgeon always work（工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是在工作）可知，是指工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是以高标准工作。故填：to high standards。
（8）考查短语。句意：我认为西蒙在大城市住了很长一段时间后，不可能习惯农村的生活。根据living in the countryside after he lived in a big city for a long time（在大城市住了很长一段时间后，他又住在了乡下）可知，我认为西蒙在大城市住了很长一段时间后，不可能习惯农村的生活。情态动词could接动词原形。故填：get used to。
（1）母亲的爱就像一条无尽的河流。它在我们的生活中给了我们太多。
（2）昨天发生了一场大火。幸运的是，消防队员尽了最大努力控制了局势。
（3）过山车高速行驶，整个过程中我们都在尖叫。
（4）蛋糕一烤好，记得把它从烤箱里拿出来。
（5）无聊的演讲使小男孩感到困倦。
（6）如果顾客再给我打电话，请把电话接到销售部。
（7）工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是以高标准工作。
（8）我认为西蒙在大城市住了很长一段时间后，不可能习惯农村的生活。
选择词语时，在理解句子大意的前提下，应该注意句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
43.【答案】shone
【解析】根据at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games"在北京2022年冬奥会上"可知，一般过去时态，谓语动词用shine的过去式shone"闪耀"。
故答案为：shone。
两个年轻的中国名字在北京2022年冬奥会上闪耀着光芒：滑雪者谷爱凌和滑雪运动员苏一鸣。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
44.【答案】further
【解析】答案：further 考查单词填空．根据题干：要用形容词作表语，far是副词，形容词是further．further discussion进一步讨论是一固定用法．
这次会议很重要，我们以后再进一步讨论．
考查单词填空．准确的翻译句意及分析句子结构、时态、固定搭配等是关键，然后再用合适的形式完成句子．
45.【答案】carrying
【解析】根据题干，可知是指那位老人背着一个大袋子，慢慢地走回家。此处是现在分词表伴随。
故答案为：carrying。
那位老人背着一个大袋子，慢慢地走回家。
本题考查单词填空，首先要根据语境明确句意，然后再根据相关语法给出答案。
46.【答案】less
【解析】根据题干可知高峰时期坐地铁去南京南火车站比坐公交要花费要更少的时间，其中little表示很少，题干中than是比较级的标志词，则此处应用little的比较级less，表示更少．
故答案是：less．
高峰时期坐地铁去南京南火车站比坐公交要花费更少的时间．
本题考查单词填空，基础题，注意抓住题干中的关键词即可进行填写，难度一般．
47.【答案】terribly
【解析】terrible可怕的，形容词。这里修饰形容词lonely，用副词terribly"非常"。
故答案为：terribly。
留守儿童都感到非常孤独，非常想念他们的父母。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
48.【答案】sadness
【解析】空处的词在定冠词the之后，应为名词；sad是形容词，悲伤的，对应的名词是sadness，悲伤，不可数名词，故答案为sadness．
不要让你过去的悲伤和未来的恐惧影响你的现在．
题目要求用所给词的适当形式填空，考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力．做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案．
49.【答案】third
【解析】根据句意和设空处前面的冠词the可以推出，这里应该用序数词形式，意为"第三次"，three的序数词形式为third。
故填：third。
布里斯班将要举办2032年奥运会。这是澳大利亚在1956年墨尔本、2000年悉尼之后第三次举办奥运会了。
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
50.【答案】are trapped
【解析】根据题意可知陈述事实用一般现在时态；首空填"被困"，即am/is/are done；主语为you，be动词用are；trap"陷入困境"；即are trapped。第二空填"找到出路"，即find one's way out；主语为you，即find your way out。
故填：are trapped；find your way out。
如果地震后被困，你要保持冷静并设法找到出路。
熟悉从句用法，根据汉语解答即可。
51.【答案】turned out
【解析】根据句意可知用一般过去时。"事实证明"it turned out that；"失血过多死亡"bleed to death，bleed的过去式bled。
故填：turned out；bled to death。
事实证明，受害者是在外面某个地方受伤，回家后失血过多死亡。
联系上下文意思，结合语境和提示准确作答。
52.【答案】had a fever
【解析】短语have a fever"发烧"，是动词短语，根据时间状语last night可知，此处是一般过去时态，have的过去式是had；as soon as possible"尽可能快地"。
故答案为：had a fever；as soon as possible。
那个5岁的男孩因甲流昨晚发高烧，他的父母尽可能快地送他去医院。
根据句意及所给汉语提示，符合语法知识，写出答案。
53.【答案】keep in touch with
【解析】根据题干，可知设空处应填：keep in touch with与……保持联系，句子是祈使句，用动词原形；on business出差，固定短语。
故答案为：keep in touch with；on business。
当你去加拿大出差时，请互相保持联系。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
54.【答案】broke out
【解析】根据汉语提示，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般过去时态。第一空考虑用固定短语break out，意为"爆发"，填其过去式形式。第二空考虑用固定短语lose one's life，意为"丧命"，动词lose填其过去式形式，名词life填其复数形式。
故填：broke out；lost their lives。
2023年2月，7.8级强烈地震在土耳其爆发，成千上万人丧命。
根据汉语提示填空，先要通读句子，理解大意，想出要填的句型，再联系语境变换恰当的词形，方能正确解答。
55.【答案】Dear John，
My hometown—Huai'an has changed a lot over the years.In the past，the roads were very dirty and narrow and people throw garbage everywhere.But now the roads are wide and clean.The air is very fresh and tall buildings are everywhere. （家乡的变化）
Huai'an is very beautiful now，so you can come here to visit. 【高分句型一】On the first day，you can walk to the Hexia Ancient Town，where you can take beautiful photos and taste delicious local food. 【高分句型二】On the second day，you can go to the Forest Park by bus to fly kites and go fishing.On the third day，you can take the bus to the Xiyou World of Adventure.You can watch cartoon character parades and fireworks.（淮安三日游计划）
I hope you will have a wonderful time in Huai'an!
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
Huai'an is very beautiful now，so you can come here to visit.淮安现在很美，所以你可以来这里参观。so表结果。
【高分句型二】
On the first day，you can walk to the Hexia Ancient Town，where you can take beautiful photos and taste delicious local food.第一天，你可以步行到河下古镇，在那里你可以拍下美丽的照片，品尝美味的当地美食。where引导的定语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2023年江苏省淮安市淮安区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
1. Lionel Messi，leader of the Argentina national football team，is__________ first football player to win Adidas Golden Ball（金球奖） twice.（ ）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.Beginning of Summer（立夏） falls __________May 6th this year.（ ）
A. in B. on C. to D. at
3. There is only one ticket left for the concert． ________ you ______ your cousin can go to watch it．（ ）
A. Neither； nor B. Either； or
C. Both； and D. Not only； but also
4. He couldn't _____ an answer when I asked him why he was late for the meeting again.（ ）
A. look over B. put up C. open up D. come up with
5. The weather report says there will be much__________ tomorrow and we may have__________off.（ ）
A. snow；one day B. snowy；one day
C. snow；one day's D. snowy；one day's
6. The film，Shuimen Bridge in Changjin Lake，directed by Wu Jing，was very __________and we felt quite__________when watching it.（ ）
A. exciting；exciting B. excited；excited
C. excited；exciting D. exciting；excited
7. The space lecture given by the astronauts was eye-opening experience that it aroused my brother's interest in science.（ ）
A. so B. so an C. such D. such an
8. You can see eighty percent (百分之) of the class ______ most of the work. The rest of the work ______ really difficult.
A. is doing, is B. are doing, are C. are doing, is D. is doing, are
9. —Lucy，what do you want to know about Huai'an？
—I am wondering __________.（ ）
A. that Huaiyang food is delicious
B. what Huai'an was like at present
C. how people in Huai'an spend their free time
D. how long did it take to build Fantawild（方特） Adventure Theme Park
10. —I stayed up late last night.I really want to get good grades in the coming exam.
— __________，Jim!Health comes first.（ ）
A. Take care B. Don't worry
C. In your dreams D. I'm sorry to hear that
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
A 70-year-old Chinese woman has been called "Super Grannie" after it was reported that she is crazy about （1） ______ and has completed over 100 marathons（马拉松） so far.
Most old people choose to take it easy （2） ______ they retire（退休），but Wang Guilan，from Liaoning，is certainly not （3） ______ of them.She only started running at the age of 50，as a rule to keep in （4） ______ ，but soon realized it was her passion（酷爱）.She ran her first marathon in 2004 and hasn't（5） ______ since.From 2005 to 2021，she completed the Beijing Marathon thirteen （6） ______ ， and this year she set a new record，becoming the oldest person to ever complete the 168-kilometer Liaoning marathon.
" This lady is as （7） ______ as my grandmother，how can she run so fast？That's surprising，"a runner（8） ______ his twenties said after seeing Wang compete in the Liaoning marathon in April.Last year，she ran for the 110 km version of the marathon with her（9） ______ .It was reported that she waited for her friend to catch up for about 5-6 hours （10） ______ they could cross the finishing line together，but this year she took part in the marathon by herself，and chose the （11） ______ distance.
So why（12） ______ a 70-year-old stay in good condition to complete a marathon，while most people half her（13） ______ couldn't finish？One reason，according to Sina，is that Wang Guilan runs （14） ______ 20 kilometers every day.And she loves running on mountain roads in her native Liaoning，but in winter she runs on asphalt（沥青） roads.
Wang Guilan strongly believes that age is just a number，and plans to （15） ______ running and enjoying the sunset of her life for as long as her health allows it.
11. A. running B. swimming C. skating D. dancing
12. A. before B. while C. after D. because
13. A. some B. one C. most D. both
14. A. mind B. touch C. order D. shape
15. A. succeeded B. stopped C. cheered D. progressed
16. A. months B. days C. times D. weeks
17. A. pretty B. old C. clever D. healthy
18. A. in B. at C. with D. against
19. A. teacher B. husband C. student D. friend
20. A. if B. so that C. unless D. even if
21. A. longest B. shortest C. best D. nearest
22. A. should B. must C. can D. will
23. A. weight B. age C. height D. size
24. A. at least B. at most C. only D. less than
25. A. consider B. mind C. avoid D. continue
三、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共30.0分）
A
One morning，Roberta，Peter，and Phyllis went out to get wild cherries.When they arrived at the railway tunnel，they looked up at the trees above it.
"What's happening？"Peter said，"Look at the trees.They're moving."
He was right.The trees were sliding down the hill.
"It's a landslide（滑坡），"Roberta said，"There has been a lot of rain.The earth is soft.It is moving and bringing the trees with it."
"They are going to fall on the railway line，"Phyllis said，"There'll be an accident if the train hits them.We must stop the next train."
"How do we do that？"Peter said eagerly，"The next train is due at 11：29.That's in five minutes.And the train is only about fifteen kilometers away."
"We can run towards the train and wave to the driver，"Phyllis said.
"He won't think there is anything wrong，"Roberta said，"We always wave to him."
"We need something red to wave，"Peter said，"Red is for danger."
"My petticoat is red，"Phyllis said，"I'll tear pieces off."She then tore stripes from the bottom of her petticoat.
"We need sticks to tie the stripes to，"Peter said.
The children ran to a nearby tree.With his knife，Peter cut off three thin branches.
He ties each of the stripes of red petticoat to one of the branches.
"Now we have red flags，"he said，"When we wave these，the engine driver will know something is wrong.He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is."
The children ran through the tunnel and waited at the other side for the train to come.Finally，the train arrived.The children waved their flags.Roberta was so excited that she fainted and lay on the ground.
The engine driver saw the red flags and the children.He knew something was wrong.He stopped the train.A bad accident was prevented.
----Adapted from The Railway Children
26. What did the children want to get near the railway tunnel？ ______
A. Strawberries. B. Wild cherries. C. Flowers. D. Coal.
27. What caused the landslide？ ______
A. The earth was moving because of a big train.
B. The tunnel was too big.
C. The children pushed down some trees.
D. The earth was soft because of the rain.
28. Why did the engine driver stop the train？ ______
A. He saw the trees on the line.
B. He heard the station master shouting.
C. He saw the red flags.
D. The passengers told him to stop.
29. What do you think of these children from this story？ ______
A. They are brave and clever. B. They are polite and helpful.
C. They are generous and lovely. D. They are friendly and kind.
B
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms（节气）.In the ancient days，they were important instructions for the farming production as well as people's daily lives.Here are four solar terms and some details about them.
Spring Equinox
It starts around March 21st.During this time，swallows fly back to the north.It is also a good time for people to fly kites and eat spring vegetables.
Summer Solstice
It begins around June 21st.To celebrate Summer Solstice，people often give colored fans to each other because fans can help them cool down.
Autumn Equinox
It starts around September 23rd.From Autumn Equinox，most of the areas in China will enter the cool autumn.It is a season for people to eat crabs and enjoy chrysanthemums（菊花）.
Winter Solstice
It begins around December 22nd.It marks the arrival of the coldest season in a year.People usually make and eat dumplings with their family members.
30. Spring Equinox begins around ______ .
A. March 21ᵃ B. June 21st
C. September 23ⁿᵈ D. December 22ⁿᵈ
31. To celebrate Summer Solstice，people ______ .
A. eat spring vegetables
B. give each other colored fans
C. enjoy chrysanthemums
D. make and eat dumplings （3） ______ marks the arrival of the coldest season in the year. A.Spring Equinox B.Summer Solstice C.Autumn Equinox D.Winter Solstice
32. Which of the sentences below is TRUE？ ______
A. People divided solar terms according to Gregorian calendar（公历）.
B. Solar terms are very important for farmers.
C. We should eat mooncakes when Autumn Equinox arrives.
D. Swallows fly to the south during Winter Solstice.
C
The word "zhiyin" which means close friends，comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Warring States Period.
Boya was good at playing guqin.One day，he was playing music on his way home on the boat.To Boya's surprise，Ziqi，a woodcutter who happened to pass by，could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music.After a long talk，they became good friends.Since Boya had to return to his state，they agreed to meet again in the following year.
Unluckily，when getting back to visit Ziqi，Boya heard that his friend had died from a disease.Boya was so sad and in front of ziqi's tomb（墓），he played again the music he had played when they first met.The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying.When finishing playing，Boya broke guqin into pieces.From then on，Boya never played again.
People in the Song Dynasty built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang to the memory of the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi.It became an important part of the local culture.
Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period.The famous ancient Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province in 2016.The musical performance ▲showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture， ▲expressed China's willingness to develop its friendship with people from around the world.
33. What did Zhong Ziqi do for a living？ ______
A. A musician. B. A music lover. C. A woodcutter. D. A traveller.
34. What's the meaning of the phrase "to the memory of" in paragraph 4？ ______
A. 怀念 B. 宣传 C. 背诵 D. 讲述
35. Which of the conjunction（连词） can be put in the ▲ in paragraph 5？ ______
A. either...or B. neither…nor
C. not…but D. not only…but also
36. Which of the following can best show the main idea of the story？ ______
A. Both together do best of all.
B. A true friend is hard to find.
C. Old friends and old wine are best.
D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
D
Don't throw away your old phones.You are actually throwing away real gold!Smartphones has many useful things such as gold，silver and copper（铜）.People can recycle them to make new electronics（电子器件）.
But many people may not know this.In Australia alone there are more than 25 million unused mobile phones lying around，Sydney Morning Herald reported.The gold in these phones can add up to more than ＄80 million（542 million yuan）.There are about 2 billion smartphone users who change their phone once every 11 months.So the number of the old phones is amazing around the world.Especially in China，people produce 80 million old phones every year，according to New Express Daily.
However，it's not easy to get the useful things out of the phones.Smartphones have not only useful things，but also harmful materials（有害物质）.Guiyu，a small town in Shantou，Guangdong，is one of the world's biggest dumping grounds（垃圾倾倒场） for electronic waste，Reuters reported.Many recycling centers in Guiyu simply break the old electronics by hand and don't think about the pollution it causes.According to a local government report，81 percent of the children in Guiyu are harmed by lead poisoning（铅中毒）.
37. To recycle old phones，how can people deal with them？ ______
A. Throw them away. B. Make gold rings.
C. Make new electronics. D. Clean the city's roads.
38. How often do smartphone users change their phones？ ______
A. Once a month. B. Once every 11 months.
C. Twice every 18 months. D. Twice a month.
39. The kids in Guiyu get lead poisoning because ______ .
A. People in Guiyu like to throw away old phones.
B. Guiyu has the world's biggest lead（铅） factory.
C. Guiyu uses machines to recycle electronics.
D. Guiyu is polluted by electronic waste.
第II卷（非选择题）
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共2小题，共20.0分）
40. In the world，China is the second--largest cotton producer（生产地）.Most of the cotton grows in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region（新疆维吾尔自治区）.
Cotton needs lots of heat and sunshine to grow.Xinjiang is a good place to grow it.It has lots of sunshine--about 3，000 hours every year.
Xinjiang produces over 80 percent of China's cotton.The most famous cotton in Xinjiang is long--stapled cotton（长绒棉）.Its fibers（纤维） are longer，softer，and whiter than those of other cotton.It's warm and comfortable.It's good for making cloth and quilts（被子）.It's one of the best kinds of cotton in the world.
Every year from August to October，Xinjiang harvests about 5 million tons of cotton.That's a lot!But now harvesting the cotton is not a hard job for cotton farmers.Technology is here to help.
Farmers first fly a drone（无人机） to spray（喷洒）a kind of special water.It makes the cotton leaves fall.Now it's time to drive the machine.This big machine has a huge "mouth"and sharp"teeth".It"eats"while walking.Wow，it"eats up"all the cotton in the field!The big guy"lays eggs"next.Look，it has left some round and tall cotton "eggs"!Then，farmers can pick up the cotton.
Every year，after the harvest season，the fresh cotton is sent to the factories nearby.There，the cotton is made into cloth and quilts.
根据上面短文的内容，回答问题。（每题答案不超过六个单词）
(1) According to the passage，where does most of the cotton grow？
______
(2) What is the cotton in Xinjiang good for making？
______
(3) Is harvesting the cotton hard or easy for cotton farmers in Xinjiang now？
______
(4) How many tons of cotton does Xinjiang harvest every year？
______
(5) What do you think of the cotton in Xinjiang？
______
41. Visiting Lake Tahoe（塔霍湖） during winter is great fun.Here are the tips for you.
The first thing you should do is to bring more than three layers（层） of clothing.If you don't，you'll feel cold.
You should also go skiing or snowboarding for the whole day.If you don't，your trip to Tahoe will be a waste.Otherwise，there is just baby stuff（东西） like sledding（滑雪橇），snowball fights，or tubing（滑雪圈）.Would you want to do these for your stay at Tahoe？
Moreover，you should visit Tahoe for at least three days.If you don't，what's the point？You may have to drive three hours and all you get is a day of skiing and a day of playing in the snow.It would be a waste of time and money.But if you stay for at least three days（two nights），then at least you will enjoy two days of skiing and a day of playing in the snow.
However，here are some things you shouldn't do at Lake Tahoe.
First，don't drive on the highway（公路） when it's snowing.The highway has much traffic and it will be boring to drive.
My second advice would be not to buy ski resort（度假村） food.Last time I tried a ski resort's fish and chips，they tasted like cement（水泥）.You can buy some snacks at Costco or some other supermarket near your hotel.
My last tip is to be careful when you ski by yourself.Though you know how to ski，you still may fall down，get hurt，or even die.Millions of people get hurt every year when skiing or snowboarding.
(1) It is very interesting ______ Lake Tahoe.The passage gives visitors 6 ______ on visiting Lake Tahoe.
(2) First，if you bring enough clothes，you will ______ .Also，in order not to make the trip a waste， ______ or snowboarding for the whole day is necessary.
(3) Visiting Lake Tahoe for at least 3 days，such as two days of skiing and ______ in the snow can be a meaningful trip.Otherwise，you would waste ______ .
(4) Don't drive on the highway when it's snowing because there is ______ and you will feel ______ while driving.
(5) You'd better not buy ski resort food ______ the terrible taste.Remember to ______ when you ski alone.Millions of people get hurt every year when skiing or snowboarding.
五、选词填空-短文（本大题共1小题，共8.0分）
42.
feel sleepy，to high standards，put through，doing，to control，at high speed，endless，get used to，done
(1) Mother's love is like an ______ river.It gives us too much during our lives.
(2) A big fire happened yesterday.Luckily，the firemen tried their best ______ the situation.
(3) The roller coaster moved ______ and we were screaming through the ride.
(4) As soon as the cake is ______ ， remember to take it out from the oven（烤箱）.
(5) The boring speech makes the little boy ______ .
(6) If the customer rings up for me again，please ______ the call to the sales department.
(7) Both the engineer and the pioneer heart surgeon always work ______ .
(8) I didn't think Simon could ______ living in the countryside after he lived in a big city for a long time.
六、单句语法填空（本大题共7小题，共7.0分）
43. Two young Chinese names ______ （shine） brightly at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games：skier Gu Ailing and snowboarder Su Yiming
44. This meeting is important，so we'll have a ______ （far）discussion later.
45. The old man walked slowly to his home， ______ （ carry）a large bag in his back.
46. It takes ______ （ little） time to Nanjing South Railway Station by underground than by bus in rush hours.
47. The children left behind（留守儿童） all feel ______ （ terrible） lonely and miss their parents a lot.
48. Don't let the ______ （ sad） of your past and the fear of your future influence your present.
49. Brisbane will host the 2032 Olympic Games.It will be the ______ （three） time that Australia has hosted the Olympics after Melbourne in 1956 and Sydney in 2000.
七、完成句子（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
50. 如果地震后被困，你要保持冷静并设法找到出路。
If you ______ after the earthquake，you should keep calm and try to ______ .
51. 事实证明，受害者是在外面某个地方受伤，回家后失血过多死亡。
It ______ that the victim was wounded somewhere outside and ______ after he got back home.
52. 那个5岁的男孩因甲流昨晚发高烧，他的父母尽可能快地送他去医院。
The 5-year-old boy ______ because of HIN1 influenza last night，so his parents took him to the hospital ______ .
53. 当你去加拿大出差时，请互相保持联系。
Please ______ each other when you go to Canada ______ .
54. 2023年2月，7.8级强烈地震在土耳其爆发，成千上万人丧命。
A strong earthquake of 7.8 magnitude ______ in Turkey in February in 2023，and thousands of people ______ .
八、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
55. "运河三千里，醉美是淮安"。近些年，我们家乡淮安的环境发生了巨大的变化，假设你是李华，请根据以下要点写一篇短文，向你的外国朋友John简要介绍家乡淮安的变化，并邀请他来淮安旅游。
家乡的变化
过去的家乡
又脏又窄的马路；人们到处扔垃圾
现在的家乡
道路宽敞干净；空气清新；高楼大厦矗立
淮安三日游
计划
第一天：步行到河下古镇（Hexia Ancient Town），拍照，品尝美食；
第二天：乘公交到森林公园（the Forest Park），放风筝…；
第三天：乘公交到西游乐园（Xiyou World of Adventure），观看卡通
人物游行，看烟花；
要求：
（1）内容包括以上要点，语句通顺，可适当发挥；
（2）2.90词左右。开头结尾已给，不计入总词数。
Dear John，
My hometown--Huai'an has changed a lot over the years.
I hope you will have a wonderful time in Huai'an!
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
答案和解析
1.【答案】C
【解析】a/an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，表示数量，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/这些，定冠词，表特指；/表示不填，零冠词。分析句子可知，此处使用定冠词the表特指，first"第一"是序数词，序数词前常使用定冠词the。
故选：C。
阿根廷国家足球队队长莱昂内尔•梅西是第一位两次获得阿迪达斯金球奖的足球运动员。
熟练掌握冠词的用法，牢记序数词前常使用定冠词the。
2.【答案】B
【解析】in后跟年份、月份、季节等；at后跟具体时刻；on后接具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；to到、朝。根据May 6th ，指的是具体的一天，因此用介词on。
故选：B。
中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。今年的立夏日是5月6日。
掌握常用的时间介词用法是解答此题的关键。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。A既不；也不。B或者；或者。C两者都。D不但；而且。结合语境"音乐会只剩下一张票了，你__你的表兄可以去看。"．可知，应该是"或者……或者……"．
故选：B。
音乐会只剩下一张票了，你或你的表兄可以去看。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
4.【答案】D
【解析】look over仔细检查，温习；put up举起，挂起，张贴；open up开发，打开；come up with想出，提出．根据句意"当我问他为什么开会又迟到时，他___答案．"可知，come up with符合句意，come up with an answer答不上来．
故选：D．
当我问他为什么开会又迟到时，他答不上来．
题目考查动词短语，要求学生在日常的学习中注意掌握动词短语并牢记其含义．做题时，在明确各选项含义的基础上，结合具体语境，即可得出答案．
5.【答案】A
【解析】 snow雪，是不可数名词；one day一天；snowy下雪的，是形容词；one day's一天的。第一空是there be句型，后加名词；第二空表示"请假一天"，用have one day off。
故选：A。
天气预报说明天会有很多雪，我们可能请假一天。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词的ing形式和动词的ed形式的用法区别。exciting令人激动的，主要用来修饰事或物的；excited感到激动的，主要用来修饰人的。根据观察可知第一个空格处填exciting，修饰的是电影；第二个空格填excited，修饰的是人。
故选：D。
吴京导演的电影《长津湖水门桥》是非常令人激动的。当我们看这部电影时，我们感到非常激动。
本题主要考查动词的ing形式和动词的ed形式的用法区别。
7.【答案】D
【解析】如此...以致于"so+形容词+that+句子；such+形容词+不可数名词+that+句子；such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that+句子"；"eye-opening"为形容词，且为元音音素开头，experience为可数名词，意思为"经历"，故选项D正确。
故选：D。
宇航员们所做的太空讲座是如此一次令人大开眼界的经历以致于它引起了我弟弟对科学的兴趣。
作答此类试题，首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思和用法，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：你可以看到百分之八十的同学正在做大部分的工作，剩下的工作真的很难。根据You can see eighty percent（百分之） of the class，可知主语是复数概念，所以这里be动词用复数形式，work是不可数名词，第二句主语The rest of the work为单数，谓语动词应该用单数形式is。故选C
9.【答案】C
【解析】根据观察和分析可知题干包含宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，因此可先排除D。主句谓语动词wonder的意思是"想知道"，后面不接that引导的宾语从句，因此可排除A。选项B中的时态应使用一般现在时，可排除B。本题答案是C。
故选：C。
--Lucy，关于淮安，你想了解什么？
--我正想知道淮安人是怎么度过业余时间的。
本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。
10.【答案】A
【解析】A.Take care 当心；B.Don't worry别担心；C.In your dreams在你的梦想里；D.I'm sorry to hear that听到这个消息我很遗憾。根据Health comes first.（健康是第一位的。）可知他在劝吉姆要当心身体。
故选：A。
—我昨天晚上熬夜了。我真的想要在马上到来的考试中取得好成绩。
—当心，吉姆！健康是第一位的。
掌握不同短语的意思是解答此题的关键。
11~25.【答案】A、C、B、D、B、C、B、A、D、B、A、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：此前有报道称她对跑步很痴迷。running跑步；swimming游泳；skating滑冰；dancing跳舞。根据"has completed over 100 marathons（马拉松） so far（目前为止已经完成了100次马拉松比赛）"可知，她喜欢跑步。故选A。
（2）考查连词。句意：大多数人退休后都选择放松一下。before.....前；while当；after.....后；because因为。根据"Most old people choose to take it easy they retire（大多数老人选择放松 退休），"可知，是退休后休息。故选C。
（3）考查代词。句意：但来自辽宁的王桂兰肯定不是其中之一。some一些；one一个；most大多数；both两者都。根据"Wang Guilan，from Liaoning，is certainly not of them（来自辽宁的王桂兰肯定不是 ） "可知，她不是其中之一，one of ......之一。故选B。
（4）考查名词。句意：她在50岁的时候才开始跑步，作为一种保持身材的方式，但她很快意识到这是她的激情所在。mind思想；touch触觉；order点菜；shape形状。根据"She only started running at the age of 50，as a rule to keep in .（她在50岁的时候才开始跑步，作为一种 方式） "可知，跑步是为了保持身材，keep in shape"保持身材"。故选D。
（5）考查动词。句意：2004年，她第一次跑马拉松，此后就没停过。succeeded成功；stopped停止；cheered欢呼；progressed进步。根据"From 2005 to 2021，she completed the Beijing Marathon thirteen .（从2005年到2021年，她完成了北京马拉松13 。）"可知，她没有停止跑步。故选B。
（6）考查名词。句意：从2005年到2021年，她完成了13次北京马拉松比赛。months月；days天；times次数；weeks周。根据"From 2005 to 2021，she completed the Beijing Marathon thirteen .（从2005年到2021年，她完成了北京马拉松13 。）"可知，完成了13次马拉松比赛。故选C。
（7）考查形容词。句意：这位女士和我奶奶一样大。pretty美丽的；old老的；clever聪明的；healthy健康的。根据"as my grandmother（像我的奶奶一样）"可知，是和奶奶一样老。故选B。
（8）考查介词。句意：一名20多岁的运动员在看了王4月份参加辽宁马拉松比赛后说。in在里面；at在；with和；against违背。in his twenties"在他二十多岁时"。故选A。
（9）考查名词。句意：去年，她和朋友一起参加了110公里的马拉松比赛。teacher老师；husband丈夫；student学生；friend朋友。根据"she waited for her friend（她等她的朋友们一起）"可知，是和朋友参加。故选D。
（10）考查连词。句意：据报道，她等了朋友大约5- 6个小时，为了可以和她们一起冲过终点线。if如果；so that以便；unless除非；even if即使。等朋友的目的是可以一起冲过终点线，用so that引导目的状语从句，故选B。
（11）考查形容词最高级。句意：但今年她独自参加了马拉松比赛，并选择了最长的距离。longest最长的；shortest最短的；best最好的；nearest最近的。根据句意可知，她选择了最长的距离。故选A。
（12）考查情态动词。句意：那么，为什么一个70岁的人能保持良好的状态来完成马拉松比赛呢，而大多数年纪只有她一半的人都不能完成？should应该；must必须；can能；will将。根据"So why a 70-year -old stay in good condition to complete a marathon（为什么一个70岁的人 保持良好的状态来完成马拉松）"可知，是询问她能完成马拉松的原因，故选C。
（13）考查名词。句意：那么，为什么一个70岁的人能保持良好的状态来完成马拉松比赛呢，而大多数年纪只有她一半的人都不能完成？weight重量；age年龄；height高度；size尺寸。根据"a 70-year-old（70岁）"以及句意可知，此处应是年龄之间的对比，只有她一半年龄的人却不能完成，故选B。
（14）考查副词。句意：据新浪报道，其中一个原因是王桂兰每天至少跑20公里。at least至少；at most最多；only仅仅；less than少于。根据句意可知，她每天至少跑步20公里。故选A。
（15）考查动词。句意：王桂兰坚信，年龄只是一个数字，她计划继续跑步，只要身体允许，就可以享受生命的夕阳。consider考虑；mind介意；avoid避免；continue继续。根据"running and enjoying the sunset of her life for as long as her health allows it（只要她身体状况允许，她就会跑步，并且享受生命的阳光）"可知，是继续跑步。故选D。
本文主要讲述了一位70岁的老妇人参加多场马拉松比赛的事迹。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
26~29.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段One morning，Roberta，Peter，and Phyllis went out to get wild cherries.When they arrived at the railway tunnel，they looked up at the trees above it.（一天早上，罗伯塔、彼得和菲利斯出去采野樱桃。当他们到达铁路隧道时，他们抬头看了看隧道上方的树木。）可知他们在火车隧道附近想摘野樱桃。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段"It's a landslide（滑坡），"Roberta said，"There has been a lot of rain.The earth is soft.It is moving and bringing the trees with it."（"这是山体滑坡，"罗伯塔说，"下了很多雨。土地是软的。它在移动，也带着树木一起移动。"）可知山体滑坡的原因是下了很多雨，土地是软的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段The engine driver saw the red flags and the children.He knew something was wrong.He stopped the train.（司机看到了红旗和孩子们。他知道出事了。他停下火车。）可知司机停下火车因为他看到了红旗。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第五段"They are going to fall on the railway line，"Phyllis said，"There'll be an accident if the train hits them.We must stop the next train."（"它们会掉在铁路线上，"菲利斯说，"如果火车撞到它们，就会发生事故。我们必须让下一班火车停下来。"）和倒数第三段 "Now we have red flags，"he said，"When we wave these，the engine driver will know something is wrong.He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is."（"现在我们有了危险信号，"他说，"当我们挥动这些信号时，司机就会知道出了问题。他会让火车停下来，问我们出了什么事。"）推断孩子们勇敢又聪明。故选A。
本文主要讲了罗伯塔、彼得和菲利斯外出采摘野樱桃时发现山体滑坡，他们想办法想火车司机停下火车，避免了一场事故的发生。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
30~32.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】细节理解题
（1）根据Spring Equinox（春分）中的 It starts around March 21st.（大约在3月21日开始。）可知，春分从3月21日左右开始，故选：A。
（2）根据Summer Solstice（夏至）中的To celebrate Summer Solstice，people often give colored fans to each other because fans can help them cool down.（为了庆祝夏至，人们经常互相赠送彩扇，因为彩扇可以帮助他们降温。）可知，为了庆祝夏至，人们互相赠送彩扇，故选：B。
（3）根据Winter Solstice（冬至）中的It begins around December 22nd.It marks the arrival of the coldest season in a year.（它大约在12月22日开始。它标志着一年中最冷的季节的到来。）可知，冬至标志着一年中最冷的季节的到来，故选：D。
（4）根据In the ancient days，they were important instructions for the farming production as well as people's daily lives.（在古代，它们是农业生产和人们日常生活的重要指示。）并结合选项可判断出，这与B选项"节气对农民来说很重要。"描述相符，B选项是正确的，故选：B。
本文介绍了中国传统的农历把一年分成24个节气，在古代是重要的指示，本文主要介绍了春分，夏至，秋分和冬至四个节气。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
33~36.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段To Boya's surprise，Ziqi，a woodcutter who happened to pass by，could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music.（令伯牙惊讶的是，正好路过的樵夫子期能准确地理解他想通过音乐表达的东西。）可知，子期是一个樵夫。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第四段People in the Song Dynasty built the GuqinTai in Hanyang to the memory of the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi.（宋朝人在汉阳建造了古琴台，以纪念伯牙和子期之间的深厚友谊。）可知，"to the memory of"意为"纪念、怀念"。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段The musical performance...showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture，（这场音乐表演展示了中国传统文化之美，）...expressed China's willingness to develop its friendship with people from around the world.（表达了中国与世界各国人民发展友谊的意愿。）可知，两句话的意思是递进关系，所以用not only•••but also。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据全文及第一段The word "zhiyin" which means close friends，comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Warring States Period.（"知音"这个词的意思是亲密的朋友，来自战国时期俞伯牙和钟子期的故事。）可知B项"一个真正的朋友很难找到"最能表达故事的大意。故选B。
本文主要介绍了"知音"一词的由来以及知音文化在新时代的意义。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
37~39.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Don't throw away your old phones.You are actually throwing away real gold!Smartphones has many useful things such as gold，silver and copper（铜）.People can recycle them to make new electronics（电子器件）.（不要扔掉你的旧手机。你实际上是在扔真正的黄金！智能手机包含许多有用的东西，如金、银和铜。人们可以回收它们来制造新的电子产品。）可知，人们可以用旧手机制造新的电子产品。故选C。
（2）根据第二段There are about 2 billion smartphone users who change their phone once every 11 months.（大约有20亿智能手机用户每11个月更换一次手机。）可知，智能手机用户每11个月更换一次手机。故选B。
（3）根据第三段Many recycling centers in Guiyu simply break the old electronics by hand and don't think about the pollution it causes.According to a local government report，81 percent of the children in Guiyu are harmed by lead poisoning（铅中毒）.（贵屿的许多回收中心只是用手把旧的电子产品弄坏，而不考虑它造成的污染。根据当地政府的一份报告，贵屿81%的儿童受到铅中毒的伤害。）可知，贵屿的孩子们铅中毒，因为贵屿被电子垃圾污染了。故选D。
本文主要介绍了智能手机有很多有用的金属，人们可以回收制造新的电子产品，此外智能手机还含有有害的物质，对人的身体和环境有危害。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
40.【答案】【小题1】In the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
【小题2】Cloth and quilts.
【小题3】Easy.
【小题4】About 5 million tons of cotton.
【小题5】I think cotton in Xinjiang is very nice.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Most of the cotton grows in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region（新疆维吾尔自治区）.（大部分棉花生长在新疆维吾尔自治区。）可知，根据文章，大部分棉花生长在新疆维吾尔自治区。故答案为：In the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It's good for making cloth and quilts（被子）.It's one of the best kinds of cotton in the world.（它适合做布和被子。它是世界上最好的棉花之一。）可知，新疆的棉花适合做布和被子。故答案为：Cloth and quilts.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段But now harvesting the cotton is not a hard job for cotton farmers.Technology is here to help.（但现在收割棉花对棉农来说并不是一项艰巨的工作。技术是有帮助的。）可知，现在，对新疆的棉农来说，收割棉花是容易的。故答案为：Easy.
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段Every year from August to October，Xinjiang harvests about 5 million tons of cotton.（每年8月至10月，新疆的棉花产量约为500万吨。）可知，新疆每年收获大约500万吨棉花。故答案为：About 5 million tons of cotton.
（5）主观表达题。根据题干What do you think of the cotton in Xinjiang？（你觉得新疆的棉花怎么样？）可知，我认为新疆的棉花很好。故答案为：I think cotton in Xinjiang is very nice.
本文讲述了中国是世界第二大棉花生产国。大部分棉花生长在新疆维吾尔自治区。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
41.【答案】【小题1】to visit
【小题2】tips/advice/suggestions
【小题3】feel warm
【小题4】skiing
【小题5】a day of playing
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Visiting Lake Tahoe during winter is great fun.Here are the tips for you.（冬天游览塔霍湖非常有趣。以下是给你的提示）可知游览塔霍湖很有趣，it is adj to do sth表示"做某事很有趣"；文中一共给出6点关于游览塔霍湖的建议（tips/advice/suggestions）。故填to visit；tips/advice/suggestions。
（2）根据第二段The first thing you should do is to bring more than three layers of clothing.If you don't，you'll feel cold.（你应该做的第一件事是带上三层以上的衣服。如果你不这样做，你会觉得冷。）可知穿得多就会感觉很暖和（feel warm），will后跟动词原形；根据第三段You should also go skiing or snowboarding for the whole day.If you don't.your trip to Tahoe will be a waste.（你也应该去滑雪或单板滑雪一整天。如果你不这样做。你去塔霍湖的旅行将是浪费。）可知应该去滑雪或单板滑雪一整天。故填feel warm；skiing。
（3）根据第四段But if you stay for at least three days（two nights），then at least you will enjoy two days of skiing and a day of playing in the snow.（但如果你至少呆三天（两晚），那么至少你会享受两天的滑雪和一天的雪地玩耍。）可知此处指滑雪两天，在雪地里玩一天；根据It would be a waste of time and money.（这将是浪费时间和金钱。）可知如果不待三天，那就是浪费时间和钱。故填a day of playing；time and money。
（4）根据第六段First，don't drive on the highway when it's snowing.The highway has much traffic and it will be boring to drive.（首先，下雪的时候不要在高速公路上开车。这条高速公路交通繁忙，开车会很无聊。）可知下雪的时候不要在高速公路上开车，因为车辆很多，开车的时候你会觉得很无聊。人作主语，需用bored修饰。故填much traffic：bored。
（5）根据倒数第二段Last time I tried a ski resort's fish and chips，they tasted like cement.（上次我尝试滑雪场的炸鱼薯条时，它们尝起来像水泥。）可知滑雪场的食物难吃是因为味道差，空后是名词短语，用because of；根据最后一段My last tip is to be careful when you ski by yourself.（我的最后一个建议是，当你自己滑雪时要小心。）可知自己滑雪时要小心，remember to do表示"记得做某事"，故填because of；be careful。
本文讲的是游览塔霍湖的一些建议。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
42.【答案】【小题1】endless
【小题2】to control
【小题3】at high speed
【小题4】done
【小题5】feel sleepy
【小题6】put through
【小题7】to high standards
【小题8】get used to
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：母亲的爱就像一条无尽的河流。它在我们的生活中给了我们太多。根据Mother's love is like an...river（母亲的爱就像一条……河流）可知，是指母亲的爱就像一条无尽的河流。故填：endless。
（2）考查动词。句意：昨天发生了一场大火。幸运的是，消防队员尽了最大努力控制了局势。根据the firemen tried their best...the situation（防队员尽了最大的努力来……局势）可知，消防队员尽了最大的努力来控制局势。try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力做某事。故填：to control。
（3）考查短语。句意：过山车高速移动，整个过程中我们都在尖叫。根据The roller coaster moved（过山车移动）可知，过山车高速移动。at high speed以高速……，故填：at high speed。
（4）考查动词。句意：蛋糕一烤好，记得把它从烤箱里拿出来。根据remember to take it out from the oven（记得把它从烤箱里拿出来）可知，蛋糕被做好。用被动语态be+过去分词。故填：done。
（5）考查短语。句意：无聊的演讲使小男孩感到困倦。根据The boring speech makes the little boy（聊的演讲使小男孩感到）可知，是指无聊的演讲使小男孩感到困倦。make sb do sth使得某人做某事。故填：feel sleepy。
（6）考查短语。句意：如果顾客再给我打电话，请把电话接到销售部。根据the call to the sales department（电话到销售部）可知，是指把电话接到销售部。主句是祈使句，用动词原形。故填：put through。
（7）考查短语。句意：工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是以高标准工作。根据Both the engineer and the pioneer heart surgeon always work（工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是在工作）可知，是指工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是以高标准工作。故填：to high standards。
（8）考查短语。句意：我认为西蒙在大城市住了很长一段时间后，不可能习惯农村的生活。根据living in the countryside after he lived in a big city for a long time（在大城市住了很长一段时间后，他又住在了乡下）可知，我认为西蒙在大城市住了很长一段时间后，不可能习惯农村的生活。情态动词could接动词原形。故填：get used to。
（1）母亲的爱就像一条无尽的河流。它在我们的生活中给了我们太多。
（2）昨天发生了一场大火。幸运的是，消防队员尽了最大努力控制了局势。
（3）过山车高速行驶，整个过程中我们都在尖叫。
（4）蛋糕一烤好，记得把它从烤箱里拿出来。
（5）无聊的演讲使小男孩感到困倦。
（6）如果顾客再给我打电话，请把电话接到销售部。
（7）工程师和先驱心脏外科医生总是以高标准工作。
（8）我认为西蒙在大城市住了很长一段时间后，不可能习惯农村的生活。
选择词语时，在理解句子大意的前提下，应该注意句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
43.【答案】shone
【解析】根据at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games"在北京2022年冬奥会上"可知，一般过去时态，谓语动词用shine的过去式shone"闪耀"。
故答案为：shone。
两个年轻的中国名字在北京2022年冬奥会上闪耀着光芒：滑雪者谷爱凌和滑雪运动员苏一鸣。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
44.【答案】further
【解析】答案：further 考查单词填空．根据题干：要用形容词作表语，far是副词，形容词是further．further discussion进一步讨论是一固定用法．
这次会议很重要，我们以后再进一步讨论．
考查单词填空．准确的翻译句意及分析句子结构、时态、固定搭配等是关键，然后再用合适的形式完成句子．
45.【答案】carrying
【解析】根据题干，可知是指那位老人背着一个大袋子，慢慢地走回家。此处是现在分词表伴随。
故答案为：carrying。
那位老人背着一个大袋子，慢慢地走回家。
本题考查单词填空，首先要根据语境明确句意，然后再根据相关语法给出答案。
46.【答案】less
【解析】根据题干可知高峰时期坐地铁去南京南火车站比坐公交要花费要更少的时间，其中little表示很少，题干中than是比较级的标志词，则此处应用little的比较级less，表示更少．
故答案是：less．
高峰时期坐地铁去南京南火车站比坐公交要花费更少的时间．
本题考查单词填空，基础题，注意抓住题干中的关键词即可进行填写，难度一般．
47.【答案】terribly
【解析】terrible可怕的，形容词。这里修饰形容词lonely，用副词terribly"非常"。
故答案为：terribly。
留守儿童都感到非常孤独，非常想念他们的父母。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
48.【答案】sadness
【解析】空处的词在定冠词the之后，应为名词；sad是形容词，悲伤的，对应的名词是sadness，悲伤，不可数名词，故答案为sadness．
不要让你过去的悲伤和未来的恐惧影响你的现在．
题目要求用所给词的适当形式填空，考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力．做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案．
49.【答案】third
【解析】根据句意和设空处前面的冠词the可以推出，这里应该用序数词形式，意为"第三次"，three的序数词形式为third。
故填：third。
布里斯班将要举办2032年奥运会。这是澳大利亚在1956年墨尔本、2000年悉尼之后第三次举办奥运会了。
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
50.【答案】are trapped
【解析】根据题意可知陈述事实用一般现在时态；首空填"被困"，即am/is/are done；主语为you，be动词用are；trap"陷入困境"；即are trapped。第二空填"找到出路"，即find one's way out；主语为you，即find your way out。
故填：are trapped；find your way out。
如果地震后被困，你要保持冷静并设法找到出路。
熟悉从句用法，根据汉语解答即可。
51.【答案】turned out
【解析】根据句意可知用一般过去时。"事实证明"it turned out that；"失血过多死亡"bleed to death，bleed的过去式bled。
故填：turned out；bled to death。
事实证明，受害者是在外面某个地方受伤，回家后失血过多死亡。
联系上下文意思，结合语境和提示准确作答。
52.【答案】had a fever
【解析】短语have a fever"发烧"，是动词短语，根据时间状语last night可知，此处是一般过去时态，have的过去式是had；as soon as possible"尽可能快地"。
故答案为：had a fever；as soon as possible。
那个5岁的男孩因甲流昨晚发高烧，他的父母尽可能快地送他去医院。
根据句意及所给汉语提示，符合语法知识，写出答案。
53.【答案】keep in touch with
【解析】根据题干，可知设空处应填：keep in touch with与……保持联系，句子是祈使句，用动词原形；on business出差，固定短语。
故答案为：keep in touch with；on business。
当你去加拿大出差时，请互相保持联系。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
54.【答案】broke out
【解析】根据汉语提示，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般过去时态。第一空考虑用固定短语break out，意为"爆发"，填其过去式形式。第二空考虑用固定短语lose one's life，意为"丧命"，动词lose填其过去式形式，名词life填其复数形式。
故填：broke out；lost their lives。
2023年2月，7.8级强烈地震在土耳其爆发，成千上万人丧命。
根据汉语提示填空，先要通读句子，理解大意，想出要填的句型，再联系语境变换恰当的词形，方能正确解答。
55.【答案】Dear John，
My hometown—Huai'an has changed a lot over the years.In the past，the roads were very dirty and narrow and people throw garbage everywhere.But now the roads are wide and clean.The air is very fresh and tall buildings are everywhere. （家乡的变化）
Huai'an is very beautiful now，so you can come here to visit. 【高分句型一】On the first day，you can walk to the Hexia Ancient Town，where you can take beautiful photos and taste delicious local food. 【高分句型二】On the second day，you can go to the Forest Park by bus to fly kites and go fishing.On the third day，you can take the bus to the Xiyou World of Adventure.You can watch cartoon character parades and fireworks.（淮安三日游计划）
I hope you will have a wonderful time in Huai'an!
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
Huai'an is very beautiful now，so you can come here to visit.淮安现在很美，所以你可以来这里参观。so表结果。
【高分句型二】
On the first day，you can walk to the Hexia Ancient Town，where you can take beautiful photos and taste delicious local food.第一天，你可以步行到河下古镇，在那里你可以拍下美丽的照片，品尝美味的当地美食。where引导的定语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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