2023年北京市重点大学附中高考英语三模试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2023年北京市重点大学附中高考英语三模试卷-普通用卷，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，阅读表达，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年北京市重点大学附中高考英语三模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共28.0分）
A
Spend six nights working with rangers （护林员） while helping to preserve Yosemite National Park!
Yosemite is one of the world's most beloved national parks.As volunteers in Yosemite Valley，we help rangers fix trails and repair fragile natural resources.No previous experience necessary，our leaders provide the training we need to complete the work at hand.
Activities
Volunteers should be comfortable hiking up to two miles each day.To assess your fitness，you are required to hike stairs for 2-3 miles with a daypack weighing 10-15 pounds at the fitness test.
What's Included
All meals from dinner on Day 1 through breakfast on Day 7；campground reservations；group tools；transportation from campground to work sites；orientation and training；park entrance fees.
Accommodations
Camping，6 nights（bring your own tent）.
Your Adventure Itinerary（日程）
Day 1
Meet for orientation and enjoy a welcome dinner.An orientation meeting will be conducted to provide volunteers with an overview of the scheduled work projects as well as training in proper tool use and safety.
Days 2-5
Working with park rangers，assist in trail maintenance and restoration.Duringthese three days，we plan to work from 9 a.m.-4 p.m.with an hour scheduled for lunch.We return to Yellow Pines Campground each evening for dinner and relaxation.
Day 6
Explore Yosemite National Park on your much deserved rest day.Challenge yourself on a hike up the Mist Trail，relax by the Merced River，or read a book in a peaceful meadow—this day is all yours.
Day7
Depart Yosemite for home.Volunteers wishing to stay longer may make reservations at other campgrounds or lodging in the park.
1. In the Yosemite Volunteer Project，volunteers are supposed to ______ .
A. replace the rangers
B. help tourists carry daypacks
C. have relevant working experience
D. restore easily damaged natural resources
2. What is included in the volunteer program package？ ______
A. Personal camping equipment.
B. Transportation from home to work sites.
C. All meals and accommodation in a hotel.
D. Campground bookings and park admission fees.
3. What is the recommended activity during the rest day of the project？ ______
A. Relaxing by a river.
B. Guiding a reading activity.
C. Participating in a guided hike.
D. Assisting at an orientation meeting.
B
The student arrived early，sat front and center，and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one.I'd say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class.He eagerly jumped into class discussions，with his humor and wisdom of experience.And he was always respectful of the other students' perspectives，as if each of them were a teacher.Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too.
"These students gave me the confidence that I didn't need to feel bad about my age，"Valencia says.
One day，I spotted Valencia on campus.He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year.By then，he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order.He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.
Sure，I said.But he wouldn't get any credit.
No problem，he said.
Soon there he was again，back at his old desk，jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class.
A lot of Valencia's classmates apparently knew he couldn't afford that semester's tuition but was still doing the homework."Here he is，willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning，"says Jessica Espinosa，a 25-year-old junior.Afterward，I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master's degree，but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college，so he had a long way to go.
There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia's determination to get a four-year degree and then a master's.At his current pace，he'll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall.But that doesn't seem especially relevant.He's found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating.Valencia's grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts（成绩单）.But I'm giving him an A—and in the most important ways，it counts.
4. What made Valencia different from his classmates？ ______
A. He was respectful to the teacher.
B. He activated the class atmosphere.
C. He was eager to learn despite his age.
D. He often put forward different opinions.
5. According to the author，why did Valencia continue to attend classes？ ______
A. He treasured the chance of learning.
B. He wished to show his determination.
C. He needed the credits to further his study.
D. He desired to have an A on his transcripts.
6. Which of the following best describes Valencia？ ______
A. Modest and independent. B. Energetic and generous.
C. Enthusiastic and motivated. D. Considerate and intelligent.
7. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. No pains，no gains.
B. It is never too old to learn.
C. Strike the iron while it is hot.
D. Where there is life，there is hope.
C
A heavy feeling on the chest.A throat that's leaden.An overwhelming feeling of isolation.Loneliness hurts—and，over time，it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack and stroke to diabetes and cancer.So，evolutionarily speaking，why do we experience it？
Stephanie Cacioppo，a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine，says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic （全面的） purpose for loneliness."Our social structures evolved hand in hand with neural，hormonal and genetic mechanisms to support these social structures—like couples，tribes and communities—that help us survive and reproduce，"says Cacioppo.Because while loneliness may be painful to experience today，for our prehistoric ancestors that pain would have been a far better alternative to being caught alone with a predator on the prowl（潜行）.
Being social had its downsides even back then—competition for food，for example，or contribution to the spread of pathogens（病原体）.But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and to protect everyone."The pain of loneliness prompted us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust，cooperation and collective action，"explains Cacioppo.
For years，researchers thought of loneliness as a disease.But now，they're realizing that it's more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it's time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival.If the outcomes of loneliness were entirely negative，it would no longer be a part of our DNA."Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body，"says Cacioppo.
Loneliness impacts us all differently.Some of us may find certain situations lonely even while others don't.There's also a genetic component：Some of us are born to feel lonelier than others.Other factors play a role，too.The way we were treated as children can also inform how lonely we feel as adults.Lonely people spend most of their time deep within their own imaginations；they may conceptualize social encounters so much，in fact，that this part of their brain is in overdrive.That means even though they may be desperate to form connections，when they're around other people，they're actually less likely to be present.
8. As for loneliness，which would the author agree with？ ______
A. It can lead to serious mental problems in adulthood.
B. It holds potential risks and disadvantages to individuals.
C. It may reflect a person's strong desire to have social bonds.
D. It is perceived in the same way as it is demonstrated by our DNA.
9. Scientists believe that loneliness is ______ .
A. beneficial but risky B. painful but necessary
C. natural and powerful D. personal and harmful
10. Which would be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Humans evolved to be lonely.
B. Loneliness is a curable disease.
C. Loneliness is a personal feeling.
D. Humans need to address loneliness.
D
A video circulated on social media earlier this year，showing a tourist opening the door of a vehicle，reaching out an arm and attempting to stroke a passing lioness.The lioness shrugged him off，but it could have easily gone horribly wrong.
Reckless behaviour around wildlife risks the safety of both people and animals.People risk being attacked，mauled （撕咬） and possibly killed，while animals can be harmed，removed or put down，irrespective of whether they were only defending themselves.Animal attacks can also cast a destination in a negative light，causing temporary closures or scaring off visitors.All just so someone could boast that they had stroked a lion or captured a moment on a camera phone.
"Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media."says wildlife photographer Anette Mosshachers."People risking their lives or doing stupid things with wildlife are after 'likes' and followers，something to show off on social media，"says Mossbacher."The greater the risk，the more 'likes' they get.With some clients，it seems like a sickness or addiction."
Yet social media is not entirely to blame.People have always taken risks for an experience.Foolish behavior and a tendency to get cocky around dangerous animals must have been around since the dawn of humanity.A hunger for attention online might drive some of the current madness，but some individuals might be trying to recreate a piece of the action they have seen on television.Perhaps the adrenaline（肾上腺激素） rush when close to wild animals causes an evaporation of common sense.
"There's a worrying lack of awareness that animals several times our size，weight，speed and strength can easily hurt us，"says wildlife photographer David Lloyd."I don't think parks are doing enough to raise awareness.Tourists need to know how their presence can affect wildlife.A good example is cheetahs（猎豹） on vehicle rooftops.It may be a thrill for the bystanders，but the consequences if a mother cheetah falls off would be severe.She would no longer be able to hunt，so her cubs could easily starve."
"People aren't getting the education about why they need to stay away from wildlife，including avoiding diseases，keeping people secure and letting wildlife be wild，"says Philip Muruthi，vice president of species conservation and science for the African Wildlife Foundation."We need to educate tourists through signs，pamphlets and frontline drivers.We should stick to guidelines，and there needs to be enforcement through the law."
11. What can we learn about reckless behaviour around wildlife？ ______
A. It harms tourists more than animals.
B. It enables tourists to get intimate with animals.
C. It may bring more profits to a tourist destination.
D. It may get animals killed for defending themselves.
12. As for Mossbacher's opinion on what drives people's reckless behavior，the author is ______ .
A. sympathetic B. disapproving C. doubtful D. indifferent
13. What does the underlined word"cocky"in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ ______
A. Selfish. B. Frightened. C. Arrogant. D. Shocked.
14. What can we conclude from the passage？ ______
A. Parks are expected to take more responsibilities for educating tourists.
B. Raising tourists' awareness means stressing the danger of animals to them.
C. More regulation of the tourist industry is the key to raising tourists' awareness.
D. Penalties rather than education can stop people taking silly risks around wildlife.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself？Things may not always go as planned. （1） ______
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem，using whatever resources you have at the time. （2） ______ They can also be anything else that's useful，such as information，advice or your own experience.It also means trusting your instincts，the ability you're born with，rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges.A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong.They're thinking about how to solve the problem.
（ 3） ______ When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help，it can help to build our confidence，help us feel more independent，and feel better about making decisions.Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems，but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. （4） ______ This can boost self-esteem，that is，how you feel about yourself.
When you're facing a challenge，try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it.Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are.Next，think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. （5） ______ Finally，review what has and hasn't worked，so you're equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember，no one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.If you have a tricky problem that you're unable to solve，then ask a trusted adult for help.

A.You also learn what you're good at.
B.Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C.They can be practical things like pens and paper.
D.Resourcefulness is a skill that's good for you in lots of ways.
E.These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.
F.Weigh up what's good and bad about each one and choose the best.
G.But being resourceful can help you stay calm and deal with tricky situations.
15.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）
When I was in third grade，my family moved from a house in the countryside to a house in town.My parents sold the first house before they bought the second，so we were（1） ______ for three months.During that time，a family friend（2） ______ us their very small fishing cabin.The cabin had one bedroom，a small living room，a（3） ______ kitchen，and a lounge where my brother and I slept in a bunk bed （双层床铺）.It was a（n）（ 4） ______ time for my parents.All of our routines were disrupting.But I loved it.
I loved the bunk bed，where I knew my brother was right above me，close enough for me to （5） ______ and grab if need be.I loved that there were no other （6） ______ anywhere nearby，so my brother had to play with me.I loved that as I went to sleep at night，the light from the living room and the （7） ______ of my father watching TV were just a few feet away.
In that period of disruption，I loved the closeness that we relied upon our small cabin.In our normal lives，I wouldn't have dared to ask my brother to play with me instead of his friends.I couldn't have （8） ______ to share a bedroom with him.
（ 9） ______ ，my parents found a new house and we moved into it.It was bigger than our old house and much bigger than the cabin.But I mourned the loss of the cabin and，particularly，the loss of the （10） ______ .
20.  A. houseless B. jobless C. helpless D. speechless
21.  A. awarded B. showed C. returned D. offered
22.  A. spacious B. narrow C. quality D. unique
23.  A. emergent B. happy C. stressful D. relaxing
24.  A. settle down B. reach up C. bend down D. show up
25.  A. relatives B. players C. classmates D. neighbours
26.  A. voice B. memory C. sound D. argument
27.  A. requested B. decided C. refused D. troubled
28.  A. Naturally B. Eventually C. Initially D. Urgently
29.  A. closeness B. brotherhood C. friendship D. transformation
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
30.
A
Not long ago，my daughter's shoes （1） ______ （ damage） with a knife.She burst into tears.I took them to the shoemaker's.The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style.I didn't fully understand him，but I decided to leave the shoes.Two days later I dropped by from work （2） ______ （ collect） the shoes.I found more scratches on each shoe，but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted.The appearance looked （3） ______ （ interesting） than ever.

B
The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade，given its current population decline.The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and （4） ______ （ compete） from the commercial fishing industry.According to a study，recently scientists （5） ______ （ identify）a possible additional cause，one that is an entirely new threat and that further （6） ______ （prevent） the penguins from finding food：noise pollution from marine ships in a bay.

C
Crying is a natural response to emotions.Regardless of （7） ______ causes the tears to flow，the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes （8） ______ （ lead） to streaming tears down one's face.Despite its stigma（污名），crying can be an act （9） ______ relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness.Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion.Ultimately，crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves （10） ______ negativity.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共12.0分）
31. For years，psychologists have known how to measure the intelligence of individuals，but only recently have they begun to investigate the issue of group intelligence.This notion stems from the observation that some groups seem to work fantastically across tasks，even tasks that are not very similar.Early investigations suggest that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it.So what is the secret to their success？
Researchers at Google have tackled this question.They collected thousands of data points on hundreds of groups and combed through them trying to find patterns.Are the members of effective groups friends outside of work？Do groups whose members have similar personalities or backgrounds work together best？They put forward many theories but found no patterns to support them.
In fact，who was in the group apparently did not seem to make a difference；instead，the difference between more and less effective groups seemed to lie in the interaction among the members.In effective groups，members spoke for a roughly equal amount of time—not at every meeting or interaction，but across the course of a project.Additionally，in effective groups，members face one another directly when they speak，using energetic and enthusiastic gestures.Moreover，side conversations between individual members during meetings.far from being a distraction，actually increased the group's productivity.The positive behaviors uncovered in the study occur exclusively in face-to-face interaction.
One might argue that most of these findings are extremely obvious，and need less to say，good managers have probably always understood the principles.However，understanding group intelligence can help business and other organizations make the fundamental changes necessary to improve group performance.The reason is that our social and professional lives are not always structured in ways that facilitate the kind of interaction that apparently underlines effective group performance.
(1) What is the finding of previous studies on group intelligence？
______
(2) Why is it important for people to understand group intelligence？
______
(3) Decide which part of the following statement is wrong.Underline it and explain why. ______
Although side conversations distract members during meetings，they can help to boost the group's efficiency.
(4) Apart from what is mentioned in the passage，what other way（s） can we use to improve group intelligence？（In about 40 words）
______
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
32. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周末你班到光明农场参加了公益劳动。你的英国朋友Jim 想了解相关情况，请你给他写封邮件分享此活动，内容包括：
（1）活动目的和活动内容；
（2）活动反响和收获。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：公益劳动voluntary labour
Dear Jim，


Yours， Li Hua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段As volunteers in Yosemite Valley，we help rangers fix trails and repair fragile natural resources.（作为约塞米蒂山谷的志愿者，我们帮助护林员修复小径，修复脆弱的自然资源。）可知优胜美地志愿者项目中，志愿者的任务是修复容易被破坏的自然资源。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据What's Included部分All meals from dinner on Day 1 through breakfast on Day 7；campground reservations；group tools；transportation from campground to work sites；orientation and training；park entrance fees.（从第1天的晚餐到第7天的早餐的所有餐费；露营地预订；团体工具；从露营地到工作地点的交通；指导和培训；公园门票。）可知志愿者项目包包括露营地预订和公园入场费。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Day 6部分Explore Yosemite National Park on your much deserved rest day.Challenge yourself on a hike up the Mist Trail，relax by the Merced River，or read a book in a peaceful meadow—this day is all yours.（在您应得的休息日探索约塞米蒂国家公园。在薄雾小道上徒步挑战自己，在默塞德河边放松，或者在宁静的草地上读一本书——这一天都是你的。）可知项目休息日的推荐活动是在河边放松。故选A。
这篇短文主要介绍了一个志愿者项目，即在优胜美地国家公园与护林员一起工作，帮助保护这个著名的国家公园。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据原文第一段I'd say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class.He eagerly jumped into class discussions，with his humor and wisdom of experience.（我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右。他以他的幽默和经验的智慧，热心地参加课堂讨论。）可知瓦伦西亚和他的同学的不同之处是：尽管年纪大了，他还是渴望学习。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据原文第七段A lot of Valencia's classmates apparently knew he couldn't afford that semester's tuition but was still doing the homework. "Here he is，willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning，" says Jessica Espinosa，a 25-year-old junior.（瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但仍然在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡•埃斯皮诺萨（Jessica Espinosa）说："他在这里，为了学习的乐趣和益处而自愿上课。"）可知他继续上课是因为他得到了乐趣并珍惜学习的机会。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据原文第一段He eagerly jumped into class discussions，with his humor and wisdom of experience.（他带着自己的幽默和经验，热心地投入到课堂讨论中。）可知他是热情且积极的。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据原文倒数第二段Afterward，I overheard Valencia say he wanted to stay in school until he earned a master's degree，but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college，so he had a long way to go.（后来，我无意中听到巴伦西亚说，他想继续留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学的学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。）以及最后一段的Twelve years？He was in and out of school，he said，subject to his work schedule and whether he had money for classes.He had earned his associate of arts degree over the summer，then transferred to Cal State LA to start on his bachelor's.（十二年？他说，他进出学校，取决于他的工作时间表，以及他是否有钱去上课。他在夏天获得了副学士学位，然后转到加州州立大学洛杉矶分校开始攻读学士学位。）可知一个63岁的大学生尚有如此的学习兴趣一直往下学。可知本文讲述了学习永远不会太迟，即使我们开始的有点晚，故选B。
这篇短文主要讲述了一位名叫Jerry Valencia的63岁老人在大学里坚持学习的故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~10.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段they're realizing that it's more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it's time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival（他们现在意识到孤独感是一种生物学的饥饿信号，提醒我们何时重新与周围的人联系，以促进我们的短期生存）以及第五段That means even though they may be desperate to form connections（尽管他们渴望与他人建立联系）可知，孤独感实际也反映了人们渴望建立社交联系。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段The pain of loneliness prompted us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust，cooperation and collective action（虽然孤独感会让我们感到痛苦，但它也促使我们重新建立社会结构，以便我们能够生存并促进信任、合作和集体行动等关键特征）可知，科学家认为孤独是痛苦的，但也是必要的。故选B。
（3）主旨大意题。根据第三段But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and to protect everyone（但是科学家认为我们进化感受孤独，是因为与他人合作完成任务和保护自己更重要）可知，感受孤独是人进化得来的能力。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了人类进化孤独感的好处，认为孤独并不是一种疾病。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

11~14.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段 Reckless behaviour around wildlife risks the safety of both people and animals.People risk being attacked，mauled （撕咬） and possibly killed，while animals can be harmed，removed or put down，irrespective of whether they were only defending themselves.Animal attacks can also cast a destination in a negative light，causing temporary closures or scaring off visitors.（在野生动物周围的鲁莽行为会危及人和动物的安全。人们可能会受到攻击、殴打甚至可能被杀死，而动物可能会受到伤害、被移走或被杀死，无论它们是否只是在自卫。动物袭击也会给目的地带来负面影响，导致临时关闭或吓跑游客。）可知，野生动物的鲁莽行为可能会让动物因为自卫而被杀死。故选D。
（2）观点态度题。根据文章第三段 "Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media."says wildlife photographer Anette Mosshachers."People risking their lives or doing stupid things with wildlife are after 'likes' and followers，something to show off on social media，"says Mossbacher."The greater the risk，the more 'likes' they get.With some clients，it seems like a sickness or addiction."（游客们对野生动物越来越鲁莽，而问题的根源在于社交媒体。"野生动物摄影师Anette Mosshachers说。"Mossbacher说："人们冒着生命危险或对野生动物做傻事是为了追求'赞'和追随者，在社交媒体上炫耀。风险越大，他们得到的'赞'就越多。对一些客户来说，这似乎是一种疾病或毒瘾。"）以及第四段Yet social media is not entirely to blame.People have always taken risks for an experience（然而，社交媒体并不是完全的罪魁祸首。人们总是为了体验而冒险）可知她对上文的观点持不赞成的态度。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据文章第三段"The greater the risk，the more 'likes' they get.With some clients，it seems like a sickness or addiction."（"风险越大，他们得到的'赞'就越多。对于一些客户来说，这似乎是一种疾病或毒瘾。"）可知，越是危险，人越是愿意冒险去展示自己的厉害，这是一种傲慢自大的情绪。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段We need to educate tourists through signs，pamphlets and frontline drivers.We should stick to guidelines，and there needs to be enforcement through the law.（我们需要通过标志、小册子和一线司机来教育游客。我们应该遵守指导方针，需要通过法律进行执法。）可知，人们期望公园在教育游客方面承担更多的责任。故选A。
本文主要讲述了游客在野生动物周围表现出的鲁莽行为对人类和动物的安全造成的风险。文章呼吁通过标志、宣传册和前线司机等方式对游客进行教育，并通过法律实施强制执行。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

15~19.【答案】G、E、D、A、F
【解析】（1）语境衔接题。根据上文How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself？Things may not always go as planned. （当你自己解决问题的时候是什么感觉？事情可能并不总是按计划进行。）并结合空处位于第一段这一特点可知空处应能对上文提出的问题进行回答并能引出下文，G项"但是足智多谋可以帮助你保持冷静，处理棘手的情况。"符合语境。故选G。
（2）逻辑关系题。根据上一句Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem，using whatever resources you have at the time.（足智多谋的意思是找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你目前所拥有的任何资源。）提到要利用任何的资源，后面可能对这些资源做出解释或举例，F项内容是对whatever resources的举例，并且句式They can be...和下一句They also can be anything else that's useful，such as information，advice or your own experience（它们也可以是其他任何有用的东西，如信息、建议或你自己的经验。）呼应，逻辑关系契合，意思为："他们可以是……也可以是……"。所以E项"它们可以是激励我们继续前进的著名格言。"符合语境，故选E。
（3）段落主旨题。挖空处在段首，有可能是段落的主旨句。而后面…it can help to build our confidence，help us feel more independent，and feel better about making decisions.（它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好。）及Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems，but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.（足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分。）主要说的是being resourceful带来的好处，D项"足智多谋是一种在很多方面都对你有益的技能。"符合语境，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。该段首句说的是being resourceful会对你有好处，前面两句…it can help to build our confidence，help us feel more independent，and feel better about making decisions.（...它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好。）及Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems，but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.（足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分。）具体列举了being resourceful带来的好处，A项"你还能知道你所擅长的是什么。"对自己更加了解，也契合下一句This can boost self-esteem，that is，how you feel about yourself.（这可以提升自尊，也就是你对自己的感觉。）这是又一个好处， A项最符合语境。故选A。
（5）细节理解题。该段在讨论遇到困难时，要专注于问题本身，并列出了具体的步骤。上一句Next，think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.（接下来，想出尽可能多的方法来解决问题。）讲的是"尽可能多地想出一些解决措施"，F项"然后衡量它们的好坏，选出最佳的一个。"其中them指代上一句solutions，F项填到此处最合适。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。

20~29.【答案】A、D、B、C、B、D、C、A、B、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.houseless没有房子的；B.jobless没有工作的；C.helpless无助的；D.speechless无语的。根据上句My parents sold the first house before they bought the second可知我父母在买第二套房子之前卖掉了第一套房子，所以我们有三个月没有房子住。故答案为A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.awarded奖励；B.showed展示；C.returned回来；D.offered提供。根据下句The cabin had one bedroom，a small living room，a（3）kitchen，and a lounge where my brother and I slept in a bunk bed （双层床铺）.可知小屋有一个卧室，一个小客厅，一个狭窄的厨房，还有一个休息室，我和弟弟睡在那里的一个双层床上。说明在那段时间，一个家庭朋友给我们提供了他们非常小的钓鱼小屋。故答案为D。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.spacious宽敞的；B.narrow狭窄的；C.quality质量；D.unique独特的。根据上句During that time，a family friend（2）us their very small fishing cabin.可知在那段时间，一个家庭朋友给我们提供了他们非常小的钓鱼小屋。说明厨房非常狭窄。故答案为B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.emergent紧急的；B.happy高兴的；C.stressful有压力的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根据下句All of our routines were disrupting.可知我们所有的日常活动都被打乱了。说明对我父母来说，那是一段压力很大的时期。故答案为C。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.settle down定居下来；B.reach up伸手够；C.bend down弯腰；D.show up出现。根据上句I loved the bunk bed，where I knew my brother was right above me可知我喜欢上下铺，我知道我哥哥就在我上面，离我很近，如果需要的话，我可以伸手去抓。故答案为B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.relatives亲戚；B.players运动员；C.classmates同学；D.neighbours邻居。根据常识和空后anywhere nearby，so my brother had to play with me.可知我喜欢附近没有其他邻居，所以我哥哥只能和我一起玩。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.voice嗓音；B.memory记忆；C.sound声音；D.argument争论。根据空后of my father watching TV were just a few feet away.可知我喜欢晚上睡觉时，客厅的灯光和父亲看电视的声音就在几英尺之外。故答案为C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.requested要求；B.decided决定；C.refused拒绝；D.troubled惹麻烦。根据上句In our normal lives，I wouldn't have dared to ask my brother to play with me instead of his friends.可知在我们平时的生活中，我是不敢让我哥哥和我一起玩，而不是和他的朋友玩。说明我不可能要求和他共用一间卧室。故答案为A。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.Naturally自然地；B.Eventually最后；C.Initially最初地；D.Urgently紧急地。根据下句my parents found a new house and we moved into it.可知最后，我父母找到了一所新房子，我们搬进去了。故答案为B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.closeness亲密关系；B.brotherhood兄弟情谊；C.friendship友谊；D.transformation转变。根据前文In that period of disruption，I loved the closeness that we relied upon our small cabin可知在那段混乱的日子里，我喜欢我们依赖小木屋的那种亲密感。说明我为失去小屋，尤其是失去亲密感而悲伤。故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在没有房子住的时候家庭关系发生的变化。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

30.【答案】【小题1】were damaged
【小题2】to collect
【小题3】more interesting
【小题4】competition
【小题5】have identified
【小题6】prevents
【小题7】what
【小题8】leading
【小题9】which/that
【小题10】from
【解析】（1）考查时态语态。句意：不久前，我女儿的鞋子被刀弄坏了。根据句意，此处表示"被破坏"，短文时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），主语shoes为复数，be动词用were，动词damage用过去分词，故填were damaged。
（2）考查不定式。句意：两天后我下班过来取鞋。根据句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to collect。
（3）考查形容词比较级。句意：这个外观看起来比以往任何时候都有趣。根据than可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填more interesting。
（4）考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。并列连词and连接两个名词短语，competition竞争，故填competition。
（5）考查时态。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。根据recently可知，时态为现在完成时（have/has done），主语scientists为复数，助动词用have，动词identity用过去分词形式。故填have identified。
（6）考查动词。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。本句时态为一般现在时，主语为指示代词that，为单数，动词应用三单形式，故填prevents。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。介词of后接宾语从句，引导词表示"什么"，应用what引导，故填what。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。cheeks和eyes与动词lead之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填leading。
（9）考查限制性定语从句。句意：尽管觉得丢脸，但哭泣可以缓解紧张情绪，消除消极和悲伤情绪。先行词是an act，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用which或that引导，故填which/that。
（10）考查介词。句意：最终，哭泣是一种强大的工具，我们应该用它来摆脱消极情绪。free oneself from sth.使某人摆脱某事，故填from。
文章A讲述了作者女儿的鞋子破了，作者拿去修后结果发现鞋子的外观更有趣了。文章B介绍了由于缺乏食物，非洲企鹅数量下降，预计十多年后野生非洲企鹅将灭绝。文章C介绍了哭泣的好处，我们可以利用哭泣来缓解自己的消极情绪。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

31.【答案】【小题1】Group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it.
【小题2】It can help people find the secret to group success.
【小题3】Although side conversations  distract members during meetings，they can help to boost the group's efficiency.According to the passage，side conversation is far from being a distraction.
【小题4】Clear division of labor，allowing team members to do what they excel at.This can maximize the intelligence of each individual，achieve their strengths，and thereby increase the level of group intelligence.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Early investigations suggest that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it.So what is the secret to their success？（早期的调查表明，群体智力并不是其中个人智力的总和。那么，他们成功的秘诀是什么呢）可知，早期研究的发现是群体智力不是个人智力的总和。故答案为：Group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第一段This notion stems from the observation that some groups seem to work fantastically across tasks，even tasks that are not very similar.Early investigations suggest that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it.So what is the secret to their success？（这一观点源于一种观察，即一些群体似乎在不同的任务中表现得非常出色，甚至是不太相似的任务。早期调查表明，群体智力并不是其中个人智力的总和。那么，他们成功的秘诀是什么呢）可知，理解群体智力之所以重要是因为它可以帮助人们找到群体成功的秘诀。故答案为：It can help people find the secret to group success.
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Moreover，side conversations between individual members during meetings.far from being a distraction，actually increased the group's productivity.（此外，会议期间个别成员之间的旁敲侧击非但没有分散注意力，反而提高了团队的生产力。）可知旁敲侧击并没有使成员分心。故答案为：Although side conversations  distract members during meetings，they can help to boost the group's efficiency.According to the passage，side conversation is far from being a distraction.
（4）开放式问题。回答言之有理即可，比如明确分工，各取所长等。故答案为：Clear division of labor，allowing team members to do what they excel at.This can maximize the intelligence of each individual，achieve their strengths，and thereby increase the level of group intelligence.
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是群体智力。
阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。

32.【答案】Dear Jim，
Last weekend，my classmates and I carried out a voluntary labour at the Guangming Farm.The purpose of the activity is to improve our awareness of loving labor.（活动目的）
Fully prepared，we went to different posts and started to work. 【高分句型一】Some spent time weeding，some were busy planting trees，and others helped water the crops.Besides，we put on performances for the farm workers，and they were delighted for what we had done.【高分句型二】（活动内容）
The activity really means a lot to us youngsters.One of our classmates says that it is really a good chance to get close to nature as well as experience the joy of labor.（活动反响和收获）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Fully prepared，we went to different posts and started to work.
译文：我们做好了充分的准备，奔赴不同的岗位开始工作。
分析：这句话使用了过去分词短语Fully prepared作状语。
高分句型二：Besides，we put on performances for the farm workers，and they were delighted for what we had done.
译文：此外，我们为农场工人表演，他们为我们所做的一切感到高兴。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的宾语从句。
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