【期末考点专题】（牛津上海版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题01- 词汇知识梳理一：Unit 1-Unit 3 练习（原卷+解析）

这是一份【期末考点专题】（牛津上海版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题01- 词汇知识梳理一：Unit 1-Unit 3 练习（原卷+解析），文件包含期末专题复习牛津上海版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题01-词汇知识梳理一Unit1-Unit3解析版docx、期末专题复习牛津上海版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题01-词汇知识梳理一Unit1-Unit3原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共58页， 欢迎下载使用。

专题01 词汇知识梳理一：Unit1-Unit3
Unit1: Trees
I．重点词汇
1. fighter n.斗士；战士
The police finally arrested those fighters. 警察最终逮捕了那些打架的人。
【拓展】
(1) fight n. 打架，战斗，斗志
The two boys had a fight. 两个男孩打了一架。
(2) fight v. (fought; fought)（常与against，with连用）打仗；战斗
fight for sth.为...而斗争
fight with sb. 和某人打架
The heroes all fought for freedom. 那些英雄为自由而斗争。

2. suppose v. 推想，假设
Scientists supposed that the earth will run out of its resource in the 20 years. 科学家们猜想地球上的资源将会在20年后用完。
【注意】
suppose（that），表示猜测，认为，若主句是否定形式，用法同guess/think/believe，且主语为第一人称，应将否定前移到主句。
I don’t suppose his answer is right. 我认为他的答案是不对的。

3. pure adj. 纯的，纯粹的，纯净的
We need pure water. 我们需要纯净水。
【拓展】
purity n. 纯洁
purely adv. 纯洁的

4. natural adj.自然的，自然界的
natural disaster 自然灾害
It is natural for a cat to catch mice. 猫捉老鼠是本能。
【知识拓展】 nature n. 自然，自然界，大自然
We need to be more closer to nature. 我们应该多接近大自然。

5. release v. 释放，解放
release from 从...释放
release into 释放到...中
release oxygen into the air
Four thieves were released from the police station. 四名小偷从警察局里被释放了。
【拓展】 release n. 释放；解脱
She can expect an early release from prison. 她有望早一点儿出狱。

6. chemical n. 化学物质，药品
Chemicals can kill the insects in the fields. 化学药品能杀死地里的害虫。
【拓展】 chemical adj. 化学的 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家，药剂师

7. communicate v. 沟通，通信
communicate with sb. 与某人沟通
We students should communicate with our parents. 我们学生应该多和父母沟通。
【拓展】communication n.沟通

8. hardly adv. 刚刚，几乎不
It hardly snows here in winter. 这里的冬天几乎不下雪。
【拓展】
hard adj. 坚固的；困难的
They lived a hard live after the disaster. 灾难过后他们过着困苦的生活。
a hard stone 一块坚硬的石头
adv.努力地，剧烈地
I always study hard. 我总是好好学习。
It was raining hard last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。

9. warn v. 警告
warn sb. about sth.警告某人某事
warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事
I must warn you not to go out. There is a storm. 我必须警告你不要出门，外面有暴风雨。
【拓展】 warning n. 提醒；警告
Because of her warning, I was careful. 由于她的提醒，我很小心。

10. living adj.活着的
the living 活着的人们
【拓展】lively adj.活泼的 a lively class/ picture
live adj.现场的，直播的 a live football match
alive adj.活着的（只作表语） keep/ stay alive

Ⅱ. 重点短语
1. be interested in 对……感兴趣
Peter is interested in playing football. 彼得对踢足球感兴趣。
【辨析】interesting VS interested
interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”。
We are going to show an interesting experiment. 我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。
interested形容词，意为“对……感兴趣”，短语be/become interested in。
Are you interested in history? 你对历史感兴趣吗？
同类词：exciting/excited relaxed/relaxing surprising/surprised interesting/interested
(一般情况下ing 修饰物，ed修饰人)

2. on the end of…在……的末端
There is a ball on the end of the string. 在绳子的另一端有一个球。
【辨析】in the end 最后（可用于将来时）
at the end of 在……末（可指时间或空间）
by the end of 到……为止（用于时间）
on the end of 在……末端上

3. protect…by doing sth. 通过……保护......
The old man protect the wild animals by driving away the hunters. 这个老人通过赶走猎人来保护野生动物。
同类词：protect……from 保护……远离
stop/keep/prevent……from 阻止...远离

4. join…together将……连在一起
The trees nearby can join their roots together. 周围的树木可以将它们的根系交织在一起。
【拓展】join 还有“加入，参加”的意思，加入组织，团体，人群
take part in参加具体的活动
enter for报名参加 enter for an English competition 报名参加英语竞赛
take 参加考试 take an exam 参加考试
attend 参加会议 attend a meeting/ class 参加会议/听课

5. in danger 处于危险中
We should save the animals in danger. 我们应该拯救处于危险中的动物。
【反义词】out of danger 脱离危险
The animals are out of danger with our help. 在我们的帮助下，动物脱离了危险
【拓展】dangerous adj. 危险的
be in danger = be dangerous
Fire is dangerous. We children should keep away from it.

Unit2: Water
Ⅰ. Important words:
I．重点词汇
1.washbasin n. 洗脸盆
Water was pouring into the washbasin. 水正在流入洗脸盆。
【辨析】
wash“洗”basin “水池，盆”wash-basin合在一起就变成了洗脸盆。
washbasin一般指固定在浴室中的洗脸盆，而厨房中的水槽则一般称为sink.

2. vanish v. 消失，突然不见
The clouds have vanished and it’s a fine day now.
云消失了，现在天晴了。
【拓展】 vanish into the air/from sight消失不见
vanish in darkness在黑暗中消失
vanish into nothing化为乌有
【辨析】
vanish的语气强，指突然间化为乌有，强调非常彻底地，神秘地消失，失踪。
The man ran into the shop and vanished from sight. 那个人跑进商店后就消失在视线中。
disappear 是普通用词，语气没有vanish 强烈，强调从视线或脑海中消失。这消失可能是暂时的/突然的或永久的，视情况而定。
When spring comes , the snow disappears. 春天来了，雪消失了。

3. freeze v. 突然停止，惊呆
He froze in front of the audience. 他在观众面前吓呆了。
★freeze v. 冷冻，冷藏（食物）
We often freeze food in the fridge. 我们通常在冰箱里冷藏食物。
【重点】
freeze-froze-frozen
frozen adj. 冷冻的
freezing adj. 寒冷的
I don’t want to eat frozen food in this freezing weather. 我不想在这个寒冷的天气里吃冷冻食物。

4. impatient adj.不耐烦的，急躁的
You shouldn’t be impatient to your parents. 你不应该对你的父母不耐烦。
【拓展】
patient adj. 有耐心的
She is always patient with those naughty children. 她总是对这些顽皮的孩子有耐心。
patience n. 容忍，耐心
I have no patience with him again. 我对他不再有耐心了。
patient n.病人
These patients will be cured. 这些病人将会被治愈。

5. obey v. 服从，顺从
Soldiers have to obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。
【拓展】
★disobey v.不服从
★不同单词的否定前缀
important- unimportant regular- irregular legal- illegal like- dislike normal- abnormal

6. comfortably adv. 安乐地，舒适地
He sat comfortably in his bed. 他舒服地躺在床上。
【拓展】 comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的
He lives a comfortable life. 他过着舒适的生活。
comfort v. 安慰，鼓舞
n. 安乐，舒适，安逸
He lives a comfortable life.= He lives in comfort. 他过得很舒服。
She comforted the sad girl. 她安慰这个难过的女孩。

7. speed v. 加速，加快
He was arrested for speeding. 他因超速行车而被捕。
【辨析】
speed指快速的运动或行动。
The train sped through the countryside. 火车从乡间飞驰而过。
hurry意指比通常快得多的速度，经常伴随着混乱或骚动。
Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到。

8. relax v. 放松，休息
I want to relax myself after hard work. 辛苦的工作过后，我想放松一下。
【拓展】
relaxation n. 放松
relaxed adj. 轻松的
After hearing about the good news, I felt relaxed a lot. 听到好消息之后，我感到放松了许多。

9. pump v. 用泵输送
The villagers had pumped the well dry and could get no more water.
村民们已把井水抽干了，再也抽不出水来了。
【拓展】 pump n. 泵；水泵
inflate tires with a pump用气泵给轮胎充气
10. precious adj. 宝贵的，贵重的
Nothing is more precious than friendship. 没有什么比友情更宝贵的了。
【拓展】
近义词 valuable/costly
反义词 worthless

11. reply n. 答复，回复 v. 回答，答复
The boss gave me a satisfying reply. 老板给了我一个满意的答复。
【拓展】
in reply (to)为答复……；作为对……的答复
make (no) reply（不）作答复
reply for sb. 代表某人作答辩／答谢祝酒
reply to回答，答复
I will reply to Amy’s letter as soon as possible. 我会尽快给Amy答复。
【辨析】
answer较常用，如：answer a question (the door bell, the phone, the letter, etc.)
He has answered my letter.（此句仅表明他回了我的信。说明他已经收到我的信。）
而reply则较正式，意指经过深思熟虑后答复对方的问题和论点。
He has replied to my letter.（此句表明他将我信中的问题都一一回答了。）
相同点：与to搭配使用
the answer to the question 问题的答案
the reply to the letter 信的回复

Ⅱ. Important phrases:
1. look round=look around环顾四周
He looked around but saw nobody. 他往四周看，可是没看见任何人。
【拓展】
look at看，朝……看 look after照料
look back(与on，to连用)回想，记起 look down on轻视，看不起
look for寻找 look forward to盼望，期待
look like看起来像 look on/upon看作
look out注意，当心 look out of朝……外看
look over翻阅，浏览 look round环视
look through从头看完，透视 look up在书中查到，查阅（词典）
look up and down上下打量

2. enjoy the view欣赏风景
We want to go outing to enjoy the view of the nature. 我们想外出去欣赏大自然的风景。
【拓展】
in my view= in my opinion= from my point of view 在我看来

3. finish with完成，结束
He finished with the work. 他完成了这项工作。
finish doing sth. 完成某事
I will finish writing this book soon. 我会尽快写完这本书。

4. drop…into… 把…扔到…
We shouldn’t drop rubbish on the ground.
我们不应该把垃圾扔在地上。
【拓展】 drop into sth. 偶然访问（某人或某地），顺便访问
We dropped into a pub on the way to the hotel yesterday. 昨天去旅馆的路上，我们顺便去了个酒吧。

5. speed down快速下滑
That young climber sped down the cliff into the valley.
那个年轻的登山者顺着悬崖跌至了山谷。
【拓展】
speed-sped-sped
反义词：speed up 加速

6. remember not to do sth. 记得不要做某事
You must remember to turn off the light before you leave. 走之前记得必须要关灯。
【拓展】
remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事(未做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做）
类似单词：forget stop continue

7. mean by… 意思是…
What do you mean by saying that? 你那样说是什么意思？
Unit3: Electricity
I．重点词汇
1. servant n. 仆人；佣人
Her family has a servant. 她家有一个佣人。
【拓展】
serve v. 服务，待客
He will serve you during the dinner. 他将会在晚餐时间服务你。
service n. 服务
The train service to the capital is very good. 开往首都的火车服务设施非常好。

2. trick v. 欺骗；坑人
Her tricked me into giving him the money. 他哄骗我给了他钱。
（常与out of连用）骗走，恶作剧
His partner tried to trick him out of his money. 他的合伙人企图骗走他的钱。
【拓展】 trick n. 诡计；骗术，花招
I can do magic tricks. 我会变魔术。
play a trick on sb. /make jokes about sb.开某人的玩笑
Don’t play a trick on that poor girl. 不要捉弄那个穷孩子。

3. electricity n. 电
The power station supplies electricity to this area. 这个电站供应这个区域的电。
【拓展】
electrician n. 电工
electric adj. 发电的，由电产生的 an electric fan 一个电风扇
electrical adj. 与电相关的 an electrical company 一家电力公司
特殊：electrical appliances 电器

4. flow v. 流动
A stream flowed gently down into the valley. 一条小溪潺潺流进山谷。
【拓展】
flow away流走；流逝
flow down流下
flow into流入
Rivers flow into the sea. 江河流入海中。

5. explanation n. 解释；解说；说明
His explanation is very ridiculous. 他的解释很荒唐。
【拓展】 explain v. 解释；说明
Can you explain why you were late? 你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗？
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
Can you explain the meaning of this word to me? 你能跟我解释一下这个单词的意思么？

6. scratch v. 搔；挠
He scratched himself under his arm. 他在胳膊下面挠了挠。
【拓展】（常与out，off，through连用）刮掉，削去；擦去：删掉；划掉
You can scratch my name off the list. 你可以把我的名字从名单上勾掉。

7. invisible adj. 看不见的；无形的
Air is invisible, but we can feel it when it moves. 空气是看不见的。
【拓展】
visible adj. 看得见的；明显的；显著的
vision n. 视力
The warning lights were clearly visible.
警示信号灯清晰可见。
Leave any valuables in your car out of sight. 把贵重物品留在车里看不见的地方。

8. form n. 形状；形式
The disease can take several different forms. 这种疾病可能有几种不同的形式。
【拓展】
form n. 方式；制度
Different schools have different forms of government. 不同的国家有不同的政治制度。
reform v.改革

9. energy n. 能量
Young people seem to have boundless energy. 年轻人似乎有无穷的能量。
【拓展】 energetic adj. 精力充沛的
He is an energetic child.他是个精力旺盛的孩子。
【辨析】 energy, force, power, strength
energy在物理学定义中为“能”“能量”,用于生理学上指“精力”。
power系一般用语,可指动力、思维能力等各种力量或能力。
A car needs a lot of power to go fast. 汽车高速行驶需要很大动力。
strength指某人或某物所具有的内在力量,可指体力、力气或抽象的力量。
Union is strength. 团结就是力量。
force指的是物质或精神力量,多指为做成某事而使用的力量,也常指武力。
The rioters were taken away by force. 聚众闹事者被强行带走。

10. connect v. 连接，联合
Could you connect this computer to the television? 你能把电脑和电视机连上吗？
【拓展】 connect with和……有联系，和……有关
You need to connect with your audience.你需要和你的观众有所交流。
He is connected with the murder.那件谋杀案和他有关。

11. bury v. 埋葬，掩埋
She buried it under some leaves. 她把它藏在一堆树叶下面。
He buried himself in his work. 他埋头工作。
【拓展】be buried in 专注于，专心于 =be absorbed in
She is always buried in her writing. 她总是专注于她的写作。

12. contain v. 包含，含有
This drink doesn't contain any alcohol. 这种饮料不含任何酒精。
【辨析】contain VS hold两个单词都含“包含，容纳”的意思。
contain着重“其中包含有”。
The bottle contains water.这个瓶子里有水。
hold指“能容纳”。
The bus can hold 40 people. 这辆公交能容纳20人。

Ⅱ. Important phrases:
1. a packet of sweets 一包糖果
常见量词的用法：
①表示定量的量词词组： 
a couple of（两个、一对） a couple of days
②表示不定量的量词词组： 
a majority of（大多数／大半）  a majority of opinions
③表示大量的量词词组： 
a flood of—a flood of ink（洋洋大篇） a flood of tears（泪如泉涌）； 
a heap of—a heap of earth（一堆泥土） a heap of customers（许多顾客）； 
a mountain of—a mountain of debts（债台高筑） a mountain of difficulties（困难重重）。
④表示少量的量词词组： 
a drop of—a drop of fever（有点热度） a drop of dew（一点露水）； 
a particle of—a particle of feeling（一丝感情） a particle of dust（一点灰尘）； 
a shadow of—a shadow of doubt（一点怀疑） a shadow of freedom（一点自由）

2. in a way 在某种程度上
【拓展】
in the way 挡路
in this way 以这种方式/方法
on the way (to) 在(去...的)路上
by the way 顺便说一句

3. be careful with 小心
【拓展】
care n./v. 关心，在意
careful adj.仔细的，小心的
carefully adv.仔细地
care for= take care of= look after 关心，照顾
care about 在意

4. deal with this problem 处理问题
how to deal with this problem 如何处理问题
= what to do with this problem
【拓展】
deal v.处理 n. (一)笔
I am in a position to save you a good deal of time.
我能够为你节省许多时间。

5. encourage people to behave... 鼓励人们去...
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励别人做某事
【拓展】
encouragement n.鼓励
Without your encouragement, I couldn’t pass the exam. 没有你的鼓励，我不能通过考试。










词汇特训100题

一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．—Where’s Millie, Daniel?
—She ________ (look) for her dictionary in the classroom.
2．—What are you doing, Jim?
—I ________ (get) my bags.
3．—Can I ________ (join) you in playing sports?
—OK. Get ready!
4．Our world is in _________. The greenhouse may cause the level of the sea to rise and flood cities and even the whole country. (dangerous)
5．Some crazy fans ________ (wait) for August Cai when we arrived at the airport.
6．Don’t talk with others while ________ (eat).
7．We students should behave __________ (polite) in public.
8．When you visit a foreign country, it is necessary to know how to ask for help ________(polite).
9．It’s _______（polite）to laugh at others in trouble.
10．If you’re interested in hiking and ________ (help) children, don’t miss the chance.
11．Look, the little girl ________ (pick) flowers in the park.
12．The pollution is getting worse. We need to take action _________ (protect) our Earth.
13．Scientists are doing much research to find a way _________ （protect） the environment.
14．Sally is always ________ (study) hard at school.
15．Why not _______ (join) an English club to practice your English?
16．Parents need to have good ________ (communicate) with their children.
17．Our ________ (warn) produced no effect on her at all.
18．Things in the world are always in three ________ (form): gas, solid and liquid.
19．Please remember ________ (turn) off the lights when you leave the room.
20．I hear you enjoy sports, and what’s your ________ exercise? (day)
21．I love places where the people are really ________（friend）.
22．—How long can I keep them?
—Two weeks. You must ________（return） them on time.
23．The community has plenty of room for the elderly to ________ with each other. (communication)
24．I’d been waiting for thirty minutes and I was getting ______. (patient)
25．Since you ________ (prepare) for your test, we will have the party next week.
26．—Would you please lend me your pen?    
—Sorry, I ________ (use) it.
27．Look! Lily ________ (wait) for us over there.
28．Look! Maria is ________ (chat) with Daniel on the Internet.
29．I don’t know ________ (someone) in this town.
30．They ________ (plan) their trip to England now.
31．In China, the noodles on the birthday are a ________ (symbol) of long life.
32．Students from different countries __________ (can) speak English.
33．Which one is he ________ (interest) in? Playing computer or watching TV?
34．I am ________ (interest) in the interesting photos.
35．Your bedroom is clean enough. You don’t need ____________ (tidy) it up.
36．The most possible ________ is that his plane was delayed. (explain)
37．Arianna was ________ why she didn’t receive any letter from her husband. (puzzle)
38．I think school is good fun because we ________ (make) friends there.
39．Slow down, John! Don’t you think you ________ (drive) too fast? It’s too dangerous!
40．Most children are ________ (interest) in cartoons.
41．What a fantastic time they had ________ (communicate) with the foreigners yesterday!
42．The boy behaved as _________ (polite) as he could that day.
43．The students are __________ (write) their names on paper.
44．Huai’an is a place of ________ (nature) beauty.
45．________（reply）to the email on the Internet took him half an hour.
46．The farmer is ________ (tie) his horse to a tree now.
47．—What’s the noise upstairs?
—My new neighbours have just moved here and they ________ (have) a party.
48．When the guests entered the hall, Mr. Johnson stood up and greeted him _________(polite).
49．Mother warned her little boy ________ (not speak) to strangers.
50．In the past, having good manners meant speaking ________ (polite) and holding the door open for others.
51．Li Lei often ________ (communicate) with his teachers.
52．By the age of six, he ________ (learn) 500 English words.
53．I think Mr. Liu will soon get better with the doctor’s careful ________ (treat) .
54．—Why are you so excited?
—Because Peter invited me ________ (join) the club.
55．Early ________ (treat) can help prevent and reduce many health problems.
56．Everyone should do what he can ________ (protect) the environment.
57．We can take our own cloth bags when ________ (shop).
58．There were some educators ________ (reply) to students’ questions in the hall just now.
59．Our country has made many laws ________ (protect) the safety of teenagers.
60．It’s great fun to visit _____ (nature) beauty in Jiuzhaigou.
61．My ________ (day) work is teaching English.
62．The higher we climbed the mountain, the more we had problems ________ (breathe).
63．My little brother is ________ (interest) in making things.
64．Wow! How happily the children ________ (chat) with each other in the dining room!
65．Volunteers in our community ________ (prepare) for the charity show at the moment.
66．He ________ (not believe) that until he ________ (see) it with his own eyes tomorrow.
67．I saw a dog _______ (lie) on the ground just now.
68．They find it important ________ (protect) the environment.
69．After years of research, the team finally had the ________ (solve) to the tough problem.
70．We are going to leave for the park soon. Does ________ (someone) else want to come with us?
71．Sam needs ________ himself in the party. (behavior)
72．We shouldn’t be ________ (patience) when teaching the elderly how to use smart phones.
73．He told me that it ________ (rain) soon.
74．Parents often have trouble ________ with their kids, because they don’t understand each other.（communicate）
75．Jim was ________ (pick) up the phone when someone knocked the door.
76．Nowadays, more and more people choose to use ________ bikes. (electricity)
77．Can you tell me how ________ (connect) them?
78．He ________ (teach) maths for a couple of years before he came to our school.
79．According to a report, AI is expected to ______ 85 million jobs worldwide by 2025. (place)
80．The coach explained how to wear a mask ______ at the gym. (comfortable)
81．The writer _________ (relax) by listening to classical music from time to time when he feels tired.
82．We should behave ___________ in public. (polite)
83．________ (communicate) with each other often is becoming much easier as the 5G times have come.
84．Look, the boy ________ (tie) his shoes at the school gate.
85．The number of students who drop out of school is ________ (decrease) in this small village.
86．I can’t stand that my parents are always ________ (compare) me with other children.
87．Whenever you go walking in the hills, you should always wear ________ clothes. (properly)
88．I know the ________ (important) of working hard.
89．Doctors often advise the old man to give up smoking, but the man thinks that smoking ________ (relax) him.
90．Great __________ (change) have taken place in my country.
91．I called you last night, but nobody ________ (reply).
92．You should have lots of ________ (encourage) to face difficulties in your life.
93．Nowadays, robots can do the job of a cleaner ________ (mop) the floor for people.
94．We can save water by ________ (not wash) vegetables and fruit under the running tap.
95．When I was a student, my father allowed me ________ (watch) half an hour’s TV in the evening.
96．China ________ (develop) into a modern country in the last 50 years.
97．In February, there were more than 80 different bush-fires ________ (burn) at the same time in New South Wales.
98．Mr. Wang along with his students ________ (discuss) a problem in class now.
99．I wish I could spend as much time as I can ________ (relax) myself from hard work.
100．—I can’t believe you’ve sold me such a terrible mobile phone. I want my money back.
—I ________ (listen), Madam. Can you just slow down and tell me what’s wrong?