2022-2023学年浙江省衢州市五校联盟高二上学期1月期末英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年浙江省衢州市五校联盟高二上学期1月期末英语试题含解析，共30页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，只需上交答题纸等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 衢州五校联盟2022学年第一学期高二年级期末联考
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
考生须知：
1.本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟;
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、学号和姓名;考场号、座位号写在指定位置;
3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效;
4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why hasn’t the woman been smiling recently?
A. She is feeling sad. B. Her tooth got broken. C. There is nothing funny to smile at.
2. What is the man going to do?
A. Wait for an ambulance. B. Drive to the hospital. C. Order a taxi.
3. What size does the man want?
A. Size 8. B. Size 9. C. Size 10.
4. How does the man feel now?
A. Tired. B. Sick. C. Hungry.
5. Which place is the man moving out of?
A. His house. B. The dormitory. C. The woman’s apartment.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long has the woman been writing her blog?
A. For 50 days. B. For 6 months. C. For 10 months.
7. When does the woman do most of her writing?
A. On Wednesdays. B. On Saturdays. C. On Sundays.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has happened to the man?
A. He has got married. B. He has made a sale. C. He has been promoted.
9. What will the speakers do tonight?
A. Eat out. B. Go for a drive. C. Visit a friend.
10. Who is the woman?
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s manager. C. The man’s co-worker.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the man think of China?
A. It is amusing. B. It is confusing. C. It is relaxing.
12. How does the woman think China and the West are the same?
A. They are both civilized.
B. They learn things in the same way.
C. They depend on each other in development.
13. Where are the speakers?
A. In Rome. B. In China. C. In Greece.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where did the speakers first meet?
A. At junior school. B. At high school. C. At university.
15. What kind of book is the man writing?
A. Biography. B. Fiction. C. Fantasy.
16. How many hours a day does the woman write?
A. 4. B. 7. C. 9.
17. What does the woman do for writing?
A. She waits to be inspired. B. She travels to do research. C. She has strict discipline.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the general idea of the story?
A. A British company has rescued a Chinese company.
B. A Chinese company has rescued a British company.
C. The British and Chinese have rescued a company.
19. What will Jingye do next?
A. Invest in the company. B. Employ more people. C. Sell the factories.
20. Who controlled the company before the rescue?
A. A private company. B. The Chinese government. C. The British government.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
BACK TO SCHOOL BOOK GUIDE
Movies Recommendations
Avatar: The Way Of The Water (CGI sci-fi)
James Cameron’s 2009 Avatar is the highest-grossing film of all time, so it’s surprising it’s taken 13 years for the sequel(续集). Set more than a decade after the events of the first movie, Avatar: The Way Of The Water returns to see Jake and Neytiri with a family. In the previous film, Jake (Sam Worthington), a former human, befriends the Na’vi after becoming a part of the Avatar Programme. He eventually takes their side in their conflict with the humans and leads them to victory, meanwhile falling in love with Neytiri (Zoe Saldana) and leaving his human body to become one of the Na’vi.
In this new movie, the humans return to cause great damage to the planet of Pandora, and Jake leads the Na’vi army into battle to protect it. The live action scenes were filmed in New Zealand, which were then overlayed with CGI (computer generated imagery) to transform the characters and seascape into an amazing fantasy world.
The Lost King (Drama Comedy)
Based on true events, this is the story of one woman’s search for King Richard Ⅲ’s remains, which had been lost for over 500 years. Amateur historian Philippa Langley (Sally Hawkins), whose persistent research is met with incomprehension by her friends and family, and doubt and confusion by experts and academics. She takes on the country’s most eminent historians, forcing them to think again about one of England’s most controversial kings.
Bones And All (Romantic Horror)
Based on the 2015 book of the same name, this coming-of-age movie is both tender and haunting. Abandoned by her mother, Maren (Taylor Russell), a young woman on the margins of society, sets off on a journey of self-discovery, when she meets Lee (Timothee Chalamet), a homeless drifter(流浪汉). Together they embark on a road trip through the back country of the US. But a trail of pain and tragedy follows her like a ghost. With Lee’s help, she desperately tries to return to be normal.
Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (Action, Adventure, Fantasy)
Following the events of Spider-Man No Way Home, Doctor Strange unwittingly(不知不觉地)casts a forbidden spell that accidentally opens up the multiverse(平行宇宙). With help from Wong and Scarlet Witch, Strange confronts various versions of himself as well as teaming up with the young America Chavez while traveling through various realities and working to restore reality as he knows it. Along the way, Strange and his allies realize they must take on a powerful new adversary(对手)who seeks to take over the multiverse.
1. What will Jake do in the new Avatar sequel?
A. He will make friends with the Na’vi.
B. He will film a movie in New Zealand.
C. He and Neytiri will unite as a family.
D. He will take the humans side in the conflict with the Na’vi.
2. If you are interested in history, which one do you prefer?
A. Bones And All.
B. Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness.
C. Avatar: The Way Of The Water.
D. The Lost King.
3. What do we know about the Doctor Strange?
A. He meets with a powerful new adversary.
B. He encounters the young America Chavez.
C. He opens up the multiverse on purpose.
D. He fails to travel through various realities and to restore reality.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要向读者推荐了四部新电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。文章Avatar: The Way Of The Water (CGI sci-fi)部分讲到“Set more than a decade after the events of the first movie, Avatar: The Way Of The Water returns to see Jake and Neytiri with a family. (设定在第一部电影《阿凡达：水之路》的事件发生十多年后，杰克和奈提莉带着一家人回来了。)”可知杰克在新的《阿凡达》续集中会和奈提莉成为一个家庭，故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。文章The Lost King (Drama Comedy)部分讲到“She takes on the country’s most eminent historians, forcing them to think again about one of England’s most controversial kings.(她挑战了英国最著名的历史学家，迫使他们重新思考英国最具争议的国王之一。)”可知如果你对历史感兴趣，你更喜欢《失落的国王》，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。文章Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (Action, Adventure, Fantasy)部分讲到“Along the way, Strange and his allies realize they must take on a powerful new adversary(对手)who seeks to take over the multiverse. (一路上，奇异和他的盟友意识到他们必须面对一个强大的新对手（他试图接管多元宇宙）。)”可知《奇异博士》遇到了一个强大的新对手，故选A。
B
The spot of red was what first caught Randy Heiss’s attention on December 16 2018. He was hiking the remote expanse of land behind his ranch in Patagonia, Arizona, a town near the US-Mexico border, when he spotted a balloon on the grass. Heiss walked towards and that’s when he noticed the balloon’s string was attached to a piece of paper.
Heiss flipped the paper over. It was a numbered list, all in Spanish. “My Spanish isn’t very good, but I could see it was a Christmas list,” he said. Heiss was charmed. He suspected that a little child had tried to send Santa Claus a Christmas wish list by balloon, something he used to do himself when he was a kid. Nobody had ever returned the letters Heiss had sent aloft, but he wondered whether he could find the girl who had sent this one.
It would be difficult, but he had a few clues. About 32 kilometres to the southwest, just across the border, was the city of Nogales, Mexico. Heiss brought the note home to his wife, who is fluent in Spanish and helped him translate the list. They determined that it was probably a girl who had asked for a doll and dollhouse.
Heiss then posted on Facebook about his quest, attaching photos, hoping some of his friends in Nogales might know the girl’s family. A few days passed with no leads; Heiss worried that time was running out before Christmas. On December 19, 2018, he decided to send a private Facebook message to Radio XENY, an AM radio station based in Nogales. The Radio XENY host Cesar Barron talked on the air about the quest to find the girl and posted about it on the station’s Facebook page.
The next morning, Heiss awoke to another message from Radio XENY. They had located the eight-year-old girl, Dayami, and her family. Heiss went shopping with his wife. They bought just about everything on Dayami’s list except for the dollhouse (it was sold out). Then the Heisses arrived at the Radio XENY offices with presents by the armload – and finally met the very excited little girl.
“Her eyes were wide open with wonder,” Heiss said of the girl’s reaction. “We now have friends for life,” Heiss said. “And, for a day, that border fence with its concertina wire melted away.”
4. Which of the following is not correct according to the passage?
A. The balloon was spotted near the US-Mexico border.
B. On the balloon was a numbered list in French.
C. When Heiss was a kid he did the same thing as the little girl did.
D. He had a few clues on how to find the girl.
5. Why did Heiss feel worried when his Facebook quest was in vain?
A. His wife can’t wait to go shopping.
B. A private Facebook message to Radio XENY was difficult to send.
C. Considerable time and effort were needed to melt away the border fence.
D. He was afraid to fail to present the girl with what she wanted in time.
6. Which of the following can best describe Heiss?
A. Funny and honest B. Brave and Persistent
C. Determined and caring D. Outgoing and experienced
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Heiss’ Christmas Experience
B. Dayami’s Christmas Adventure
C Border Fence Melting Away
D. A Christmas Wish List Attached To A Balloon
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Heiss在徒步旅行途中发现了附在气球上的“圣诞礼物清单”，后来在懂西班牙语的妻子的帮助下，他们希望通过网络寻找这位用气球送愿望清单的女孩Dayami，并决定帮她实现梦想。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It was a numbered list, all in Spanish. (这是一份编号的单子，都是西班牙语。)”可知，单子上是西班牙语，不是法语，所以选项B是错的。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“He suspected that a little child had tried to send Santa Claus a Christmas wish list by balloon, something he used to do himself when he was a kid. Nobody had ever returned the letters Heiss had sent aloft, but he wondered whether he could find the girl who had sent this one. (他怀疑有一个小孩试图用气球给圣诞老人送圣诞愿望清单，这是他小时候经常自己做的事。从来没有人回过海斯寄往高空的信，但他想知道是否能找到寄这封信的女孩。)”和第四段“A few days passed with no leads; Heiss worried that time was running out before Christmas. (几天过去了，没有线索；他担心圣诞节前时间不多了。)”可知，海斯担心是因为他害怕圣诞节前不能按时给小女孩送去她想要的圣诞礼物。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It would be difficult, but he had a few clues. About 32 kilometres to the southwest, just across the border, was the city of Nogales, Mexico. Heiss brought the note home to his wife, who is fluent in Spanish and helped him translate the list. They determined that it was probably a girl who had asked for a doll and dollhouse. (这很难，但他有一些线索。西南方向约32公里，就在边境对面，是墨西哥的诺加莱斯市。海斯把纸条带回家给了妻子，妻子精通西班牙语，并帮他翻译了这份名单。他们确定很可能是一个女孩要了一个洋娃娃和玩具屋。)”，第四段“Heiss then posted on Facebook about his quest, attaching photos, hoping some of his friends in Nogales might know the girl’s family. A few days passed with no leads; Heiss worried that time was running out before Christmas. On December 19, 2018, he decided to send a private Facebook message to Radio XENY, an AM radio station based in Nogales. The Radio XENY host Cesar Barron talked on the air about the quest to find the girl and posted about it on the station’s Facebook page. (海斯随后在脸书上发布了自己的诉求，并附上了照片，希望他在诺加莱斯的一些朋友可能知道女孩的家人。几天过去了，没有线索；他担心圣诞节前时间不多了。2018年12月19日，他决定向位于诺加莱斯的AM广播电台XENY发送一条私人Facebook消息。XENY电台主持人塞萨尔·巴伦（Cesar Barron）在广播中讲述了寻找女孩的过程，并在该电台的Facebook页面上发布了这一消息。)”和第五段“The next morning, Heiss awoke to another message from Radio XENY. They had located the eight-year-old girl, Dayami, and her family. Heiss went shopping with his wife. They bought just about everything on Dayami’s list except for the dollhouse (it was sold out). Then the Heisses arrived at the Radio XENY offices with presents by the armload – and finally met the very excited little girl. (第二天早上，海斯醒来，听到XENY电台的另一条消息。他们找到了八岁的女孩达雅米和她的家人。他和妻子一起去购物。他们几乎买了达雅米清单上的所有东西，除了玩具屋（已售罄）。然后，海斯夫妇带着礼物来到XENY电台的办公室，最后见到了这个非常兴奋的小女孩。)”可知，海斯在困难重重之下仍然坚持找到女孩并且给她买到她想要的礼物，所以海斯是一个有决心并且有爱心的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Her eyes were wide open with wonder,” Heiss said of the girl’s reaction. “We now have friends for life,” Heiss said. “And, for a day, that border fence with its concertina wire melted away.”(海斯在谈到女孩的反应时说：“她惊讶得睁大了眼睛。”海斯说：“我们现在有了终生的朋友。有一天，那个带着蛇腹式铁丝网的边境围栏融化了。”)”可知，这篇文章通过讲述美国人海斯帮助墨西哥小女孩实现愿望的故事告诉我们：只有有爱和关怀，边境围栏也能被融化。故选C。
C
When ivory hunters target elephants, the hunters can affect more than just animal numbers. In Mozambique, past hunting pressure led to an increase of naturally tuskless (无长牙的) elephants in one park, a study finds.
During 1977 to 1992, people hunted elephants and other wildlife for food and ivory. This caused the number of these large animals to drop more than 90 percent in the country’s Gorongosa National Park. Records show that as elephant numbers plummeted, the proportion of tuskless female African savanna elephants rose from about 18 percent to 51 percent.
Decades of poaching appear to have made tusklessness more beneficial from an evolutionary perspective in Gorongosa, encouraging the rapid increase of tuskless females with mutations (变异) in two tooth genes, researchers report in Science.
“The rapid killing of tusked individuals changed the makeup of features in the elephant population in only two decades, leaving behind more tuskless individuals,” say evolutionary biologist Shane Campbell-Staton and his colleagues. “The tuskless feature is heritable (可继承的), and the evolutionary change in the population may stick around for several generations at least, even as poaching eases.”
The team also analyzed the genetic instruction books of 18 tusked and tuskless females zeroing in on two genes with mutations in tuskless females. “In humans, the influence of one of those genes can cause tooth fragility and the absence of a pair of upper teeth at the front of their mouth,” Campbell-Staton says, “Abnormalities in the other gene’s protein product can cause incorrect formation of the tooth root and tooth loss.”
Hunting “changing the course of evolution” in Gorongosa’s elephants, Campbell-Staton says, can have profound effects through the ecosystem given elephants’ dramatic impact on their surroundings. “Tusks are not just decorative. They serve a purpose,” he says, detailing how elephants use tusks to dig for water and strip tree bark for food. “If an elephant doesn’t have the tool to do those things, then what happens?”
8. Which of the following is true according to the study?
A. Ivory hunters killed elephants for their tusks.
B. Elephants lost their tusks due to natural evolution.
C. Hunting affects the number and appearance of elephants.
D. Human activities brought about great changes to the ecosystem.
9. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Decreased. B. Increased.
C. Remained stable. D. Became Unpredictable.
10. What do we know about the tuskless elephants?
A. They have the same genes as the tusked.
B. Their tuskless feature can be passed down.
C. Their tuskless feature doesn’t exist in males.
D. They have a biological advantage over the tusked.
11. Why does Campbell-Staton mention the example of human teeth?
A. To explain the cause of gene mutations.
B. To show the impact of mutated tooth genes.
C. To raise humans’ awareness of protecting teeth.
D. To call for actions to protect tuskless elephants.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类捕猎行为影响象群进化，无牙象群体越来越庞大。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When ivory hunters target elephants, the hunters can affect more than just animal numbers. In Mozambique, past hunting pressure led to an increase of naturally tuskless (无长牙的) elephants in one park, a study finds.”（象牙捕猎者捕猎象群，对象群带来的影响不仅仅是体现在数量上。研究发现，在莫桑比克，先前的捕猎行为导致一个公园里自然无牙大象的数量增加。）可知，捕猎不仅会影响象群数量，还导致自然无牙象越来越多，即捕猎会影响大象的数量和外观。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子的前一句“This caused the number of these large animals to drop more than 90 percent in the country’s Gorongosa National Park.”（这导致莫桑比克的戈龙戈萨国家公园大象数量减少了90%。），捕猎导致大象数量下降。此处“as elephant numbers plummeted”承接前文提到大象数量下降，所以“plummeted”应指“（数量）下降，减少”。A. Decreased减少；B. Increased增加；C. Remained stable保持稳定；D. Became Unpredictable变得不可预测。则A项“Decreased”与“plummeted”意思一致。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Shane Campbell-Staton和及其同事说的“The tuskless feature is heritable (可继承的), and the evolutionary change in the population may stick around for several generations at least, even as poaching eases.”（无牙特征是可继承的，而且即使偷猎现象有所缓解，种群进化的这种改变可能至少也会持续几代。）可知，大象的无牙特征是可以遗传给下一代的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“In humans, the influence of one of those genes can cause tooth fragility and the absence of a pair of upper teeth at the front of their mouth,” Campbell-Staton says, “Abnormalities in the other gene’s protein product can cause incorrect formation of the tooth root and tooth loss.”（Campbell Staton表示：“人类其中一个牙齿基因的影响会导致牙齿变得脆弱，口腔前部缺少一对上牙。另一个基因蛋白质产物发生异常，会导致牙根形成不当和牙齿脱落。）可知，Campbell Staton提到人类牙齿的例子，指出了牙齿基因突变会产生不好的影响。故选B项。
D
With the growing trend of listening to stories on meditation apps(冥想应用), travel tales—sometimes featuring surrounding sounds of places such as rainforests in Borneo—are helping people get restful sleep. Imagine a voice softly telling as listeners close their eyes and snuggle down in their beds. Are you paying attention? Actually, it doesn’t matter.
According to the CDC, some 70 million Americans struggle with chronic sleep problems. To help with this, many adults are bringing back bedtime stories through meditation apps. Nearly a third of the Calm app’s 300 bedtime stories, which have been listened to more than 450 million times, are about travel. Some 45% of the bedtime stories on the app Breethe are travel-related. Earlier this year, half of the top 10 bedtime stories were travel-themed.
Travel bedtime stories are typically an audio retelling of a trip and rely heavily on descriptions, with occasional surrounding noises like ocean waves, train tracks, or soft music. Train stories are particularly popular at bedtime. “You need movement in a bedtime story—if things are static(静止的), it’s too dull and the listener will get restless,” says Martha Bayless, a professor at the University of Oregon’s Folklore and Public Culture Program. “But the movement has to be non-threatening and soothing. The train is the perfect vehicle for sleep, engaging the senses in a gentle way.”
One possible reason why travel bedtime stories calm our brains is “mirror neurons(镜像神经元),” says Rachel Salas, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins Center for Sleep and Wellness. “These brain cells might combine our own experiences with someone else’s. For example, a tale of train travel could bring a sense of nostalgia(怀旧)for our own past journeys. The comforting sense of something familiar can help with relaxation and sleep. Additionally, the sound of a train chugging along the tracks serves as a type of white noise that lulls people to sleep,” Salas adds.
“In most travel bedtime stories, nothing much happens,” says Bayless. “The bedtime stories are about the quiet period between adventures, which is what sleep is also about.”
12. In which aspect do people benefit from travel tales?
A. Promoting sleep. B. Inspiring imagination.
C. Improving concentration. D. Gaining travel information.
13. What do the numbers in paragraph 2 mainly indicate?
A. Most adults suffer a lot from a lack of sleep.
B. Adequate quality sleep is essential to human health.
C. Meditation apps help people reduce stress effectively.
D. Travel-related bedtime stories are more appealing to listeners.
14. Rachel Salas’s words in paragraph 4 serve as ______.
A. evidence of the significance of mirror neurons
B. an explanation as to why travel tales help with sleep
C. a description of adventurous travel experiences
D. an analysis of how sleep affects people’s memory
15. In which section of a newspaper may this article appear?
A. Travel. B. Opinion. C. Entertainment. D. Science.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍旅行故事可以帮助人们获得宁静的睡眠并从科学角度解释了它的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“With the growing trend of listening to stories on meditation apps(冥想应用), travel tales—sometimes featuring surrounding sounds of places such as rainforests in Borneo—are helping people get restful sleep. (随着在冥想应用程序上听故事的趋势越来越大，有时以婆罗洲雨林等地周围的声音为特色的旅行故事正在帮助人们获得宁静的睡眠。)”可知，旅行故事可以帮助人们获得宁静的睡眠。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“According to the CDC, some 70 million Americans struggle with chronic sleep problems. To help with this, many adults are bringing back bedtime stories through meditation apps. Nearly a third of the Calm app’s 300 bedtime stories, which have been listened to more than 450 million times, are about travel. Some 45% of the bedtime stories on the app Breethe are travel-related. Earlier this year, half of the top 10 bedtime stories were travel-themed. (根据美国疾病预防控制中心的数据，大约有7000万美国人患有慢性睡眠问题。为了帮助解决这个问题，许多成年人正在通过冥想应用程序带回睡前故事。Calm应用程序的300个睡前故事中，有近三分之一是关于旅行的，这些故事已被收听超过4.5亿次。Breethe应用上约45%的睡前故事与旅行有关。今年早些时候，前十大睡前故事中有一半是以旅行为主题的。)”可知，与旅行有关的睡前故事对听众很有吸引力。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“One possible reason why travel bedtime stories calm our brains is “mirror neurons(镜像神经元),” says Rachel Salas, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins Center for Sleep and Wellness. “These brain cells might combine our own experiences with someone else’s. For example, a tale of train travel could bring a sense of nostalgia(怀旧)for our own past journeys. The comforting sense of something familiar can help with relaxation and sleep. Additionally, the sound of a train chugging along the tracks serves as a type of white noise that lulls people to sleep,” Salas adds. (约翰斯·霍普金斯睡眠与健康中心的神经学家雷切尔·萨拉斯（Rachel Salas）说，睡前旅行故事让我们的大脑平静下来的一个可能原因是“镜像神经元”。“这些脑细胞可能会将我们自己的经历与他人的经历结合起来。例如，火车旅行的故事可能会给我们过去的旅程带来怀旧感。熟悉事物的舒适感有助于放松和睡眠。此外，火车在铁轨上隆隆作响的声音也是一种白噪音，能让人入睡。”萨拉斯补充道。)”可知，Rachel Salas的话解释了旅行故事帮助人们睡眠的原因。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With the growing trend of listening to stories on meditation apps(冥想应用), travel tales—sometimes featuring surrounding sounds of places such as rainforests in Borneo—are helping people get restful sleep. (随着在冥想应用程序上听故事的趋势越来越大，有时以婆罗洲雨林等地周围的声音为特色的旅行故事正在帮助人们获得宁静的睡眠。)”和第四段“One possible reason why travel bedtime stories calm our brains is “mirror neurons(镜像神经元),” says Rachel Salas, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins Center for Sleep and Wellness. (约翰斯·霍普金斯睡眠与健康中心的神经学家雷切尔·萨拉斯（Rachel Salas）说，睡前旅行故事让我们的大脑平静下来的一个可能原因是“镜像神经元”。)可知，这篇文章主要介绍旅行故事可以帮助人们获得宁静的睡眠并从科学角度解释了它的原因。所以它属于科学相关的文章，应该是来源于科学部分。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going on holiday doesn’t have to be bad for the environment, and there are still plenty of ways you can have a much-deserved break without harming the environment.
Forget planes. While most forms of transport produce carbon dioxide, planes have a massive carbon footprint because of the huge number of miles they travel. ____16____ Many of us ignore the endless beautiful scenery around us. There’s the unparalleled beauty of the Mississippi River. Alternatively, you can drive your car to the Grand Canyon to see its splendor.
Pack with care.____17____ All of their bottles, from shampoo and conditioner to body wash and moisturizer, are now made from recycled plastic that can be repurposed again and again so no new plastic is produced.And their iconic soap bars now also come in plastic-free packaging.
____18____Hotels can be huge producers of greenhouse gases. Think about the water that’s wasted and all the buffet food that goes uneaten. So choose an eco-friendly option instead. Camping and a home stay — where you live with a family in their own home — are two of the best options. But if you insist on staying in the hotel, pick one made from sustainable materials.____19____
Buy gifts responsibly.Bringing back gifts for friends and loved ones is part of the fun of a holiday. ____20____ Avoid anything plastic, or if it is plastic, make sure it is 100% recyclable, and make sure your friends will love whatever you give them so it isn’t just thrown in the bin headed for landfill.
A. Think about green accommodation.
B. Consider living in an eco-friendly hotel.
C. But make sure you choose items carefully.
D. Take brand-name beauty and bath products with you.
E. It’s also acceptable to live in a hotel using new energy.
F. So why not skip flying in favor of a holiday closer to home?
G. So why do planes consume so much fuel compared with other transport?
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何在度假时更好地保护环境的几条建议。
【16题详解】
根据空前“While most forms of transport produce carbon dioxide, one of the gasses responsible for global warming, planes have a massive carbon footprint because of the huge number of miles they travel.（虽然大多数交通工具都会产生导致全球变暖的二氧化碳，但由于飞机飞行了大量的英里数，因此会产生大量的碳足迹。）和空后“There’s so much to see and do in the UK yet most of us overlook the endless possibilities.（英国有那么多可看可做的事情，但我们大多数人都忽视了无限的可能性。）可知，空处谈论的是建议大家选择不要坐飞机出行，结合选项可知，选项F. So why not skip flying in favor of a holiday closer to home?( 所以，为什么不放弃飞机旅行，选择离家近一点的假期呢?)这一句承上启下，符合题意。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“All of their bottles, from shampoo and conditioner to body wash and moisturizers, are now made from recycled plastic that can be re-purposed again and again so no new plastic is produced. And their iconic soap bars now also come in plastic-free packaging.（他们所有的瓶子，从洗发水、护发素到沐浴露和润肤霜，现在都是由回收塑料制成的，这些塑料可以一次又一次地重复使用，所以不会产生新的塑料。他们标志性的香皂现在也采用无塑料包装。）可知，空处谈论的是环保产品；选项D. Take environmentally-friendly beauty and bathing products with you.( 随身携带环保美容沐浴产品)符合题意，下文their指代选项中的products。故选D项。
【18题详解】
空处是本段的主旨句。根据空后“Hotels can be huge producers of greenhouse gasses — think about the water that’s wasted, all the bathroom products thrown out half used and all the buffet food that goes uneaten. So choose an eco-friendly option instead. So choose an eco-friendly option instead. Camping and a home stay — where you live with a family in their own home — are two of the best options.（酒店是温室气体的巨大制造者——想想那些被浪费掉的水，那些被浪费掉一半的浴室用品，还有那些没有被吃掉的自助餐。所以选择一个环保的住处。露营和民宿是两个最好的选择，在那里你和一家人住在自己的家里。）”可知，本段主要讲述选择一个环保的住处；根据选项可知，选项A. Think about green accommodation (考虑住在环保的住处。)能概括本段大意，符合题意。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“But if you insist on staying in the hotel, pick one made from sustainable materials.”（但如果你坚持住酒店，那就选择一家由可持续材料制成的酒店）可知，选项承接上文说明要住在环保的酒店内， 选项E“住在使用新能源的酒店里也是可以接受的”切题。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据空后“Avoid anything plastic, or if it is plastic make sure it is 100% recyclable, and make sure your friends will love whatever you give them so it isn’t just thrown in the bin headed for landfill.（避免任何塑料制品，如果是塑料制品，确保它是100%可回收的，并确保你的朋友会喜欢你送他们的任何东西，这样它们就不会被直接扔进垃圾箱，然后被扔进垃圾填埋场。）可知，空处谈论的是如何选择礼物；根据选项可知，选项C. But make sure you choose items carefully.( 但一定要仔细挑选。)与下文描述一致，符合题意。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Five years ago, a friend asked me to look after his cat while he went on holiday, and I realized the idea had potential on a bigger scale. So I moved to London and decided to ____21____ cat sitting.
For me cat sitting is about ____22____ two groups of people who need what the other can offer. I get to stay in people’s ____23____ without rent while they’re on holiday. The owners get ____24____ cat sitting. It also means that there is someone to keep an eye on their homes while they are away. It seems a fairer ____25____ than just watering plants or walking dogs — I’m more of a cat person.
I have always loved cats, and their gentle temper makes them ideal ____26____ for someone working from home. Cats have such different personalities, so it’s not surprising that I ____27____ more with some than others. An owner once told me not to ____28____ her cat to sit on me, as it had happened only once. But just four days later, the cat came over and sat on my lap. I sent her a photo!
Cat sitting helps me with my ____29____ anxiety disorder, too. I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t. Sometimes, this anxiety even ____30____ me from leaving the house. But since becoming a cat sitter, my mental health has ____31____. Having my own ____32____ gives me the power to plan my day. I can recharge when I need to and can go out and meet people when I want. The cats have ____33____ helped.
Now I have stayed in 25 houses, ____34____ 30 cats and saved more than 10,000 pounds that would have gone on ____35____. One day I want to save up for a flat so I can have a cat of my own.
21. A. handle B. observe C. start D. tackle
22. A. connecting B. convincing C. comparing D. defending
23. A. offices B. chests C. groceries D. homes
24. A. serious B. tough C. free D. severe
25. A. trial B. exchange C. assumption D. extension
26. A. companions B. assistants C. instructors D. employers
27. A. hate B. approve C. witness D. interact
28. A. command B. expect C. oppose D. permit
29. A. social B. cultural C. initial D. internal
30. A. saves B. protects C. discourages D. distinguishes
31. A. improved B. suffered C. worsened D. formed
32. A. cat B. occupation C. flat D. space
33. A. hardly B. barely C. really D. narrowly
34. A. subscribed to B. given away C. brought up D. cared for
35. A. holiday B. rent C. consumption D. credit
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”做猫保姆的经历，这些经历不止有益于“我”的社交焦虑症，还帮“我”省下了1万多英镑的房租。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我搬到了伦敦，决定开始做猫保姆。A. handle解决；B. observe遵守；C. start开始；D. tackle应付。根据前文“Five years ago, a friend asked me to look after his cat while he went on holiday, and I realized the idea had potential on a bigger scale.(五年前，一位朋友让我在他度假时照顾他的猫，我意识到这个想法有更大的潜力。)”可知，此处是指决定开始养猫。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，猫保姆就是把两个需要对方所能提供的人联系起来。A. connecting联系；B. convincing使信服；C. comparing比较；D. defending防御。根据“who need what the other can offer”可知，此处是指把两个需要对方所能提供的人联系起来。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里。A. offices办公室；B. chests胸部，胸膛；C. groceries杂货店；D. homes家。根据“without rent while they’re on holiday”可知，此处是指免费住在别人家里。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：主人得到免费的猫咪照看。A. serious严肃的；B. tough艰难的；C. free免费的；D. severe严重的。根据前文“who need what the other can offer(需要对方所能提供的)”可知，此处是指主人得到免费的猫咪照看。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎比给植物浇水或遛狗更公平——我更喜欢猫。A. trial试验；B. exchange交易；C. assumption假设；D. extension延伸，扩展。根据前文“who need what the other can offer(需要对方所能提供的)”可知，此处是指更公平的交易。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直很喜欢猫，它们温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伴侣。A. companions伴侣；B. assistants助手；C. instructors教练，导师；D. employers雇主。根据“for someone working from home”和“their gentle temper”可知，此处是指猫咪是在家工作的人的理想伴侣。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫有如此不同的性格，所以我和一些猫的互动比其他猫多也就不足为奇了。A. hate讨厌；B. approve同意；C. witness见证；D. interact互动。根据“more with some than others”可知，此处是指和猫咪的互动。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位主人曾经告诉我，不要指望她的猫坐在我身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。A. command命令；B. expect期待；C. oppose反对；D. permit允许。根据“as it had happened only once”可知，此处是指不要指望她的猫坐在身上。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当猫咪保姆也有益于我的社交焦虑症。A. social社交的；B. cultural文化的；C. initial初始的；D. internal内部的，体内的。根据后文“I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t.(我想和人们在一起，但有时我做不到。)”可知，此处是指“我”的社交焦虑症。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这种焦虑甚至让我不敢出门。A. saves拯救；B. protects保护；C. discourages阻碍；D. distinguishes区分。根据前文“I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t.(我想和人们在一起，但有时我做不到。)”可知，此处是指这种焦虑甚至让“我”不敢出门。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从成为猫保姆后，我的心理健康状况有所改善。A. improved改善；B. suffered遭受；C. worsened恶化；D. formed形成。根据前文“Cat sitting helps me with my social anxiety disorder, too”可知，此处是指心理健康状况有所改善。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有自己的空间让我有能力计划自己的一天。A. cat猫；B. occupation职业；C. flat公寓，单元房；D. space空间。根据后文“I can recharge when I need to and can go out and meet people when I want.(我可以在需要的时候充电，也可以在我想要的时候出去见人。)”可知，此处是指拥有自己的空间。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：猫真的帮了大忙。A. hardly几乎不；B. barely几乎不；C. really的确；D. narrowly刚好，勉强地。根据前文“Cat sitting helps me”可知，此处是指猫真的帮了大忙。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我住过25个房子，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的房租。A. subscribed to订阅；B. given away泄露；C. brought up提出；D. cared for照顾。根据“Now I have stayed in 25 houses”可知，此处是指做猫保姆照顾过30只猫。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我住过25个房子，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的房租。A. holiday假期；B. rent租金；C. consumption消费；D. credit信用。根据前文“I get to stay in people’s homes without rent while they’re on holiday.”可知，此处是指省下了1万多英镑的房租。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is speeding up efforts to offer drugs for people ____36____ (suffer) from a surge in COVID-19 during the ongoing outbreak of the Omicron variant.
The demand for medicines treating flu-like symptoms such as fever, cough and ache, saw ____37____ significant increase in the capital recently as new infections rise rapidly. Many residents failed ____38____ (buy) drugs in short supply, such as common cold medicine Lianhua Qingwen and anti-fever medications.
To cope with the situation, five major pharmaceutical wholesalers(药品批发商) in Beijing have sped up logistics services to quickly transport medicines to hospitals and drugstores, Beijing Daily reported.
At the distribution center of China Resources Pharmaceutical Group, trucks ____39____ (line) up to load drugs in mid-December. Ma Chunlin, a driver, woke up at 3:30 am to fetch drugs from the center and sent them to warehouses in different districts and hospitals. It was with a special traffic pass for drug logistics ____40____ Ma could freely drive any time of day.
Huang Dan, deputy general manager of the Beijing regional branch of the company, said Lianhua Qingwen, ibuprofen and 999 Cold Remedy had arrived in Beijing and it ____41____ (help) maintain supply. Huang told The Beijing News that the excessive demand resulted ____42____ people’s view of the disease. “Stocking up on drugs is unnecessary,” Huang said. “For example, a patient only needs one box of febrifuge(退烧药) to follow the course of the disease.”
Major online medical service platform JD Health also felt pressure on its supply chain, ____43____ sales for flu and cough drugs grew by 40 percent this year. So far, JD Health ____44____ (cooperate) with over 30 pharmaceutical companies to make sure customers can purchase quality drugs _____45_____ stable prices.
【答案】36. suffering
37 a 38. to buy
39. lined 40. that
41. would help
42. from 43. whose
44. has cooperated
45. at
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述北京正在加快努力，为奥米克龙变异型疫情期间新冠肺炎疫情激增的患者提供药物。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：北京正在加快努力，为奥米克龙变异型疫情期间新冠肺炎疫情激增的患者提供药物。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词suffer是被修饰的词people主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填suffering。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着新感染病例的迅速增加，近期首都对治疗流感样症状（如发烧、咳嗽和疼痛）的药物需求显著增加。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处要用不定冠词修饰后面的名词increase，意为“一个”。空格后significant的第一个音素是辅音音素，所以用a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：许多居民买不到短缺的药品，如普通感冒药连花清瘟和退烧药。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配fail to do，意为“没能成功做某事”。故填to buy。
【39题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：12月中旬，在华润医药集团的配送中心，卡车排队开始装载药品。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去时。故填lined。
【40题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：正是有了药品物流专用通行证，马某才能在一天的任何时间自由驾驶。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话考查强调句型It be+被强调部分+that/who+句子，with a special traffic pass for drug logistics是被强调部分，指事物，用连词that。故填that。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：该公司北京地区分公司副总经理黄丹表示，连花清瘟、布洛芬和999感冒药已抵达北京，并帮助维持供应。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去将来要发生的事情，谓语要用过去将来时。故填would help。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：黄告诉《新京报》记者，过度需求是人们对这种疾病的看法造成的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配result from，意为“由于，由…产生”。故填from。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：主要在线医疗服务平台京东健康（JD Health）也感受到了供应链的压力，其流感和咳嗽药物的销售额今年增长了40%。分析句子结构和意思可知，____8____ sales for flu and cough drugs grew by 40 percent this year是定语从句，先行词JD Health在从句中做定语，修饰后面的名词sales，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【44题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，京东健康已经与30多家制药公司合作，确保客户能够购买到价格稳定的优质药品。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有时间状语So far，所以谓语用现在完成时，主语是JD Health，助动词用has。故填has cooperated。
【45题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配at…prices，意为“以…的价格”。故填at。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假设你是高二学生李华，已与留学生好友Mark约好周六讨论身边的低碳生活的情况，现你因故需要推迟，请给Mark写一封邮件说明情况。内容包括：
1.表达歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.另约时间。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mark,
How is everything going? We have planned to discuss the low-carbon life around us on Saturday, but I am afraid I couldn’t make it.
I was severely injured in a soccer game last night. The doctor examined me carefully and told me that I had to stay in bed for at least one week. I asked him whether there was any possibility that I could recover faster, yet the answer was negative. My condition doesn’t allow me to go anywhere until my legs are fully recovered.
It is a pity for me to miss this chance that I have been longing for. Shall we put it off until next weekend if my condition permits? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给好友Mark写一封道歉信，解释不能去参加本来约好周六讨论身边的低碳生活的情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
严重地：severely→badly
是否：whether→if
状况：condition→situation
直到：until→till
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I was severely injured in a soccer game last night.
拓展句：I was severely injured when I was taking part in a soccer game last night.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We have planned to discuss the low-carbon life around us on Saturday, but I am afraid I couldn’t make it.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The doctor examined me carefully and told me that I had to stay in bed for at least one week.（由连词that引导的宾语从句）
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. “If I can win today,” she said to herself, “I can dance on the national stage next month.” Three months ago, her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment, she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
“Hi, Mary,” in rushed her friend Jessica. “How is your arm? Is it going to influence your performance?”
“I guess it can be tolerated for I am to win the match.” said Mary with a determined look.
“Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched competitor. Come on!”
After Jessica left, Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin (旋转). “If I don’t try harder, I won’t grasp this chance.” She thought. But her arm began to hurt, making her worried. “Mary, what makes you think you have a chance tonight?” she said to herself. After the pain was gone, she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then, she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary, she smiled politely and said “Hi, I’m Linda. I am the next one to you!” Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. “This is just my competitor. Because of her, I may lose tonight.” Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scream, “Oh, God, I can’t find my music tape!” Linda searched her bag but in vain. “It may be missing on the way.” With these words, she then rushed out.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Hearing her name called, Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She went over and then opened the box to find Linda’s tape was just inside. At that time, she was in a dilemma, a voice inside her saying “If I hide it, I will win the competition.” But on a second thought, she changed her mind. She placed it on the chair carefully, leaving a note reading “Take it easy. We are the best!”
Hearing her name called, Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. She kept reminding herself, “I have been practicing for so long, and I will certainly make it.” But the serious pain in her arm came again when she was performing the most difficult spin. She fell down on the stage. At that moment, Linda came back in low spirits. To her surprise and relief, she saw the tape and Mary’s note. With Mary’s kindness and encouragement, Linda finished her performance calmly and skillfully. Though Mary lost the match, she won the dignity and walked away a true hero.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了舞蹈表演参赛者Mary在赛前发生的故事，Mary赛前左臂受伤，刚刚康复，很想赢得比赛，正在她紧张准备参赛的时候，竞争对手却找不到音乐磁带。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，Mary看到Linda放包的椅子下面有一个黑盒子。”可知，第一段可描写Mary陷入告不告诉Linda的两难境地，经过内心抉择，最后她选择告诉Linda。
②由第二段首句内容“听到她的名字，Mary走上舞台，心跳得越来越快。”可知，第二段可描写Mary虽然之前努力练习，但手臂上的伤让她比赛失利，Linda看到了Mary的便条，赢得比赛，Mary虽败犹荣。
2.续写线索：Mary内心抉择——告知Linda音乐磁带被找到——Mary紧张参加比赛——Mary因伤痛败北——Linda胜出——Mary虽败犹荣
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打开：open/unfold
②看见：see/spot
③完成：finish/complete
情绪类
①心情低落：in low spirits/feel down
②惊讶：surprise/amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She went over and then opened the box to find Linda’s tape was just inside. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. Though Mary lost the match, she won the dignity and walked away a true hero. (运用了Though引导的让步状语从句)
听力答案:1-5 BCCAB 6-10 BCCAA 11-15 BABAC 16-20 BCBAC