2023年高考英语全真模拟终极冲刺卷（新高考卷） 02 解析版

这是一份2023年高考英语全真模拟终极冲刺卷（新高考卷） 02 解析版，共20页。

绝密★启用前
2023年高考考前押题密卷02
【新高考安徽、云南、吉林、黑龙江专用】
英 语
目录
内容提要
阅读A篇
摄影大赛时间要求奖品等
阅读B篇
个人奋斗成立公司回报社会
阅读C篇
人工智能帮助语音有障碍者
阅读D篇
长寿动物们不会患癌症
阅读七选五
正确处理与朋友之间冲突
完形填空
家人的爱帮助作者度过艰难
语法填空
《清明上河图》及其重要价值
应用文写作
主题辩论赛通知
读后续写
主题演讲前后心态变化
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Tour guide and tourist. B. Ticket seller and tourist. C. Flight attendant and passenger.
2. How will the man go to school?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike.
3. What does the woman want to do?
A. Get a receipt. B. Deposit her luggage. C. Purchase some products.
4. In which department does Mrs. Lauren work?
A. The sales department.
B. The management department.
C. The human resources department.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The size of the Lincoln Park. B. The location of the Lincoln Park. C. The shortcut to the Lincoln Park.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How tall is the Eiffel Tower?
A. About 230 meters. B. About 320 meters. C. About 430 meters.
7. What is the man’s attitude towards Gustave Eiffel?
A. Confusing. B. Forgiving. C. Admiring.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. When did the man start to have a fever?
A. Yesterday afternoon. B. Last night. C. This morning.
9. What will the man probably do first?
A. Take some medicine. B. Fill in the registration slip. C. Go to the Medical Department.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What work is the restaurant offering?
A. Serving the food. B. Washing the dishes. C. Answering the phone.
11. How does the woman feel about the working hours?
A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Disappointed.
12. What does the man advise the woman to get from her tutor?
A. A work permit. B. A leave note. C. An application form.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
13. Who is the woman?
A. The chair of the Youth Council.
B. The accountant of the Youth Council.
C. The administrator of the Youth Council.
14. Why does the man want to join the Youth Council?
A. To learn from Stephanie. B. To gain experience in it. C. To get to discuss local issues.
15. Which age group is the Youth Council for?
A. The 13-18 age group. B. The 12-16 age group. C. The 10-15 age group.
16. Where will the man probably stay on Saturday night?
A. In a hostel. B. At his parents’. C. In the council’s flat.
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
17. Which is the most popular among visitors?
A. The sculpture gallery. B. The 19th century paintings. C. The 20th and 21st century paintings.
18. How was the museum started?
A. By artists donating works. B. By historians raising money. C. By ordinary people’s discovery.
19. What does the speaker say about the collection of coins?
A. It is a focused collection. B. It has coins made 2, 000 years ago. C. It has coins from all over the world.
20. What will the speaker probably talk about next?
A. The museum’s repair work. B. The museum’s long history. C. The museum’s public facilities.
1-5 BCBAC 6-10 BCBBC 11-15 BACCA 16-20 BCAAC
Text 1
W: Hello! May I help you?
M: Yes. I want to know when the earliest ticket to the Rock Park is. I need to meet my private tour guide there as soon as possible.
Text 2
W: Be careful when you ride to school! Nowadays car drivers don’t really pay attention to bicyclists and pedestrians.
M: Of course, Mom. I’ll watch out for my new bicycle, and for myself.
Text 3
W: Excuse me, is this a tax-free shop?
M: No, but we can write receipts so you may draw your tax back later.
W: OK. But what I want to know is-can you hold my luggage until I leave in the afternoon?
Text 4
W: Hello. It's Daisy from the human resources. I'm phoning about the meeting next Wednesday.
M: OK. What should we know?
W: Please tell Mrs. Lauren to attend the meeting for she's the one who has been leading the sales department.
Text 5
M: Do you know that there's a shortcut to the Lincoln Park?
W: Yes. Walk along this road and turn left, and then well come to a side road. It will lead us to the back gate of the park, which is not far from the Capitol Hill.
Text 6
M: Have you seen the tower in front of us?
W: That’s the famous Eiffel Tower. It was built in 1889 for the World’s Fair.
M: How tall is it?
W: It stands about 320 meters high and held the record as the world’s tallest structure until 1930.
M: I have heard its name is connected with someone. Is that right?
W: Yes. The tower was named after its designer Gustave Eiffel.
M: He must have been a very talented architectural designer.
Text 7
W: Good morning. What’s the problem?
M: I’m running a high fever and feeing terribly bad.
W : How long have you had the problem?
M: Well, I took a shower yesterday afternoon and started to feel like this at night.
W: Then you’d better go to the Medical Department. But first, you may need to ill in the registration slip and the fee is 5 yuan.
M: Okay. But can you tell me how to get to the Medical Department, please?
W: Take the lift to the third floor and then…
Text 8
W: Hello. I’m ringing about the job you have vacant in your restaurant. I’d like to find out a few more details, if I may.
M: Yes, of course. What would you like to know?
W: Well, what sort of work is it — washing up?
M: It’s answering the phone.
W: OK. That’d be good. And how many nights a week would it be?
M: Well, we’re really only busy at the weekend.
W: So two nights?
M: Three actually, so it would work out at nine hours a week.
W: That’d be great. It wouldn’t influence my studies then and I don’t need to ask for leave. I’m a first-year student in university.
M: Okay. If that’s the case, you might need a work permit and you can get it from your tutor.
W: OK, thanks.
Text 9
W: Good morning. Youth Council. Caroline speaking.
M: Hello this is Roger Brown. I’d like to join the Youth Council, and I was told to give you a call.
W: OK. I’m Caroline, the Youth Council administrator. So do you know much about what the council does, Roger?
M: I’ve talked to Stephanie—I think she’s the chair of the council.
W: That’s right.
M: And she told me a lot about it: how it’s a way for young people to discuss local issues, for example, and make suggestions to the town council. That’s what made me interested.
W: Fine. Please let me take down some of your details. First of all, how old are you? You know the council is for young people aged from 13 to 18?
M: Yes. I’ve just turned 17.
W: And where do you live, Roger?
M: Well, that’s a bit complicated. At the moment I’m looking for a flat to rent nearby, so I’m in a hostel from Monday to Friday. And I plan to go to my parents’ place at the weekend.
Text 10
Welcome to our museum! My name’s Greg and today I'll show you around the various collections we have here. First, we have a fine collection of the 20th and 21st century paintings, many by very well-known artists. This is also the collection that attracts the largest number of visitors, so it's best to go in early in the day, before the crowds arrive. Then there are the 19 th century paintings. Our museum was opened in the middle of that century, and several of the artists each donated one work—to get the museum started. So they’re of special interest to us. The sculpture gallery has a number of fine exhibits, but I’m afraid it’s currently closed for repair. You’ll need to come back next year to see it properly. Besides, there's the collection of coins. This is what you might call a focused, specialist collection, because all the coins came from this country and were produced between two thousand and a thousand years ago. And many of them were discovered by ordinary people digging their gardens, and donated to the museum! OK. Now I’d like to inform you of some more practical information. The restrooms and tea rooms …
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Natural World Photography Competition Now Open!
Now in its 10th year, Big Picture encourages photographers from around the world to contribute their works to this competition that both celebrates and illustrates the rich diversity of life on Earth and inspires action to protect and conserve it through the power of imagery. Click here and enter your work for a chance to win cash prizes and be exhibited at the California Academy of Sciences!
Prizes
Big Picture is open to all photography worldwide to compete for a chance to win the $5, 000 grand prize. Winning images include images named as grand prize, first place, and finalist images. They will be displayed at the California Academy of Sciences for all visitors to enjoy.
Competition Period
The Big Picture Photo Competition begins at 12:00 am on December 1,2022 and closes at 11:59 pm on March 1, 2023.
Entry Fees
Each photographer can enter photos as follows:
$ 25 for up to 10 single image submissions in any category.
$ 15 for each 6 - 8 image Photo Story submission.
Photographers are limited to up to 10 image submissions per registered email address and may register an unlimited number of email addresses. Entry fees are used to provide the competition prizes and help the Academy in its mission and can’t be returned.
Participants
Big Picture is open to all photography enthusiasts and professionals alike worldwide, except employees, volunteers and Board Members of the Academy (as well as their sponsors) and the immediate families and individuals living in the same household.
21. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A picture book. B. A science journal.
C. A camera guidebook. D. A conservation website.
22. If a photographer submits 17 single images, how much will he pay?
A. $ 25. B. $ 40. C. $ 50. D. $ 15.
23. Who can participate in the competition?
A. Amateurs unrelated to the Academy.
B. Experts as members of the Academy.
C. Volunteers working for the Academy.
D. Enthusiasts of the board member’s family.
【答案】1. D2. C3. A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章是一篇由Big Picture发起的摄影大赛的征稿。介绍了大赛的奖励品、参赛时间、参赛费用和参赛资格等信息。
21.推理判断题。根据文章首段的“Click here and enter your work for a chance to win cash prizes and be exhibited at the California Academy of Sciences!(点击这里，报名你的作品有机会赢得现金奖励，并在加州科学院展出！)”可以推断出文章很可能是出自相关网站。故选D。

22.细节理解题。根据Entry Fees部分“＄25 for up to 10 single image submissions in any category(在任何类别中提交多达10张单张图像25美元)”可知，参赛者花25美元，可以提交任何类别最多10张单张图片。下一段还提到“Photographers are limited to up to 10 image submissions per registered email address and may register an unlimited number of email addresses. (摄影师每个注册电子邮件地址限制为10张图片,并可注册无限数量的电子邮件地址。)”每个注册邮箱最多可以交10张单张照片，但是每个人可以注册不限量的邮箱。因此，交17张单张照片要有2个注册邮箱，10张单张需要＄25，加7张单张＄25，合计＄50。故选C。
23.细节理解题。根据Participants部分“Big Picture is open to all photography enthusiasts and professionals alike worldwide, except employees, volunteers and Board Members of the Academy (as well as their sponsors) and the immediate families and individuals living in the same household.(“大图”向全球所有摄影爱好者和专业人士开放，但学院的员工、志愿者和董事会成员（以及他们的赞助商）、直系亲属和居住在同一家庭的个人除外。)”可知，Big Picture 面向全球所有摄影爱好者和专业人士开放，但学院的员工、志愿者和董事会成员，以及他们的赞助商、直系亲属和居住在同一家庭的个人除外。因此与学院无关的业余爱好者可以参加比赛。故选A。
B
It is impossible to tell what the future holds. For Nelly Cheboi, the future was guided by her childhood dream of wanting to change the lives of those around her; little did she know that technology would become the gateway for such change.
A native of Mogotio, Kenya, Nelly Cheboi grew up in a run-down house, walked to school barefoot every day, and went to bed hungry every night-something not uncommon for those in her community. Nevertheless, she studied hard and earned a full-ride college scholarship. She had consumed plenty of books growing up, but didn’t know a thing about computers. If given a ten page paper in college, Cheboi would choose to hand-write it because she typed too slowly.
It was only in Cheboi’s third year of college that she encountered computer science—a subject she was fascinated by. She learned low technology could serve the economy and realized that, in order to fix the systems in Kenya that kept people in a cycle of poverty (贫穷), she could encourage her community to work online. That then became the motivation for TechLit Africa.
Founded in 2018, TechLit Africa is Cheboi’s nonprofit organization that provides students in rural Kenya with access to technology and the ability to learn fundamental digital skills. Computers are donated, transported to Kenya, and then refurbished(翻新)locally. TechLit Africa provides the computers and curriculum to schools. Schools and parents cover for the costs of local operations.
Today, Cheboi is working on ensuring TechLit Africa keeps running, especially in terms of funding. She says that TechLit Africa’s programs are the highlight of students’ days-but it is difficult to convince parents, teachers and the county government of the digital economy and how technology can financially support people.
“In a way, TechLit Africa serves as a bridge to connect two worlds-kids interact, ask questions and imagine what life is like out there while understanding the value of the Internet,” Cheboi says. In doing so, kids unlock global opportunities and a second chance at a more fulfilling life.
24. Where did Cheboi’s weakness lie according to paragraph 2?
A. Taking care of herself. B. Reading academic books.
C. Handwriting papers. D. Using a computer.
25. Why did Cheboi decide to establish TechLit Africa?
A. To free her community from heavy physical work.
B. To encourage online communication among locals.
C. To raise funds for uneducated children in poor areas.
D. To lift her community out of poverty by the Internet.
26. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about Cheboi’s program?
A. Its development. B. Its impact.
C Its challenge. D. Its popularity.
27. How does TechLit Africa benefit kids in Africa?
A. It ensures future employment. B. It provides a global perspective.
C. It increases chances of traveling. D. It inspires passion for charity.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚的Nelly Cheboi家境贫困，但她努力学习，获得了大学全额奖学金。大三的时候她接触了电脑，意识到科技可以为经济服务，于是成立了TechLit Africa，目的是想通过互联网使家乡摆脱贫困。
24.细节理解题。根据第二段中“She had consumed plenty of books growing up, but didn’t know a thing about computers. If given a ten page paper in college, Cheboi would choose to hand-write it because she typed too slowly.(她从小看了很多书，但对电脑一窍不通。如果在大学里有一篇十页的论文，Cheboi 会选择手写，因为她打字太慢了。)”可知，Cheboi的弱点是她不会使用电脑，故选D。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段中“She learned low technology could serve the economy and realized that, in order to fix the systems in Kenya that kept people in a cycle of poverty (贫穷), she could encourage her community to work online. That then became the motivation for TechLit Africa.(她认识到低技术可以为经济服务，并意识到，为了修复肯尼亚这种使人们陷入贫困循环的系统，她鼓励她的社区在线工作。这就成了TechLit Africa的动机。)”可知，Cheboi决定成立TechLit Africa，是为了通过互联网使她的社区摆脱贫困。故选D。
26.主旨大意题。根据第五段“Today, Cheboi is working on ensuring TechLit Africa keeps running, especially in terms of funding. She says that TechLit Africa’s programs are the highlight of students’ days-but it is difficult to convince parents, teachers and the county government of the digital economy and how technology can financially support people.(如今，Cheboi正致力于确保TechLit Africa的持续运行，尤其是在资金方面。她说，TechLit Africa的项目是学生生活中的亮点——但是很难说服家长、教师和县政府相信数字经济以及科技如何在财政上帮助人们。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了Cheboi建立项目所面临的挑战，故选C。
27.细节理解题。根据最后一段““In a way, TechLit Africa serves as a bridge to connect two worlds-kids interact, ask questions and imagine what life is like out there while understanding the value of the Internet,” Cheboi says. In doing so, kids unlock global opportunities and a second chance at a more fulfilling life.(Cheboi说:“在某种程度上，TechLit Africa充当了连接两个世界的桥梁——孩子们在理解互联网价值的同时进行互动，提出问题，想象外面的生活是什么样子。”通过这样做，孩子们获得了了解全球的机会，且获得了使生活更加充实的第二次机会。)”可知，TechLit Africa使非洲的孩子们能够了解全球各地的生活，即它提供给孩子们一个全球视角。故选B。
C
An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities, researchers found in a primary study.
Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world who are unable to communicate through speech, typing or gestures.
Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to put in electrodes (电极). This new approach “could provide a possible path to help patients with communication problems, avoiding the use of surgeries,” says neuroscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher.
King and his colleagues trained a computational tool, also known as a language model, to detect words and sentences on 56, 000 hours of speech recordings from 53 languages. The team applied an AI with this language model to databases from four institutions that included brain activity from 169 volunteers. In these databases, participants listened to various stories and sentences, while the people’s brains were scanned by magnetoencephalography (MEG)(脑磁图).
Then with the help of a computational method that helps account for physical differences among actual brains, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match up the speech sounds from the story recordings with patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing. It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time, given more than 1, 000 possibilities. Using MEG, the correct answer was in the AI’s top 10 guesses, the researchers found.
“The new study is decoding of speech recognition, not production,” King agrees, “Though speech production is the final goal, for now, we’re quite a long way away.”
28. What is the main advantage of the new technology?
A. Avoiding dangerous operations on patients.
B. Freeing patients from risky brain operations.
C. Providing a path to communicate with others.
D. Helping patients with communication problems.
28. What does the AI require to make its prediction?
A. Top ten guesses.
B. Speech production.
C. Patterns of brain activity.
D. Volunteers with disability.
30. What does Jean-Rémi King think of the new study?
A. Disappointing. B. Promising.
C. Surprising. D. Exciting.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. A New Way to Decode Speech
B. The Application of MEG Technology
C. A New Study on Artificial Intelligence
D. A Solution to Communication Problems
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇科技类说明文，介绍一项新研究指出人工智能可以以惊人的准确性从大脑活动中解码语音，最终帮助世界各地成千上万无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。
28.细节理解题。根据第三段中“This new approach “could provide a possible path to help patients with communication problems, avoiding the use of surgeries”(这种新方法“可以提供一条可能的途径，帮助有沟通问题的患者，避免使用手术。”)”可知，这种新方法的主要优势是可以不用手术为有交流问题的病人提供帮助。故选B。
29.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The team instructed the AI to match up the speech sounds from the story recordings with patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing. It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time, given more than 1, 000 possibilities.(该团队指示人工智能将故事录音中的语音与人工智能计算出的与人们听到的内容相对应的大脑活动模式相匹配。然后，它根据1000多种可能性，对这个人在短时间内可能听到的内容做出预测。)”可知，人工智能需要运用大脑活动模式做出预测。故选C。
30.推理判断题。根据最后一段的““The new study is decoding of speech recognition, not production,” King agrees, “Though speech production is the final goal, for now, we’re quite a long way away.”(“新的研究是解码语音识别，而不是产生，”King同意，“虽然语音产生是最终目标，但目前，我们还有很长的路要走。”)”可知，Jean-Rémi King认为新的研究有前景，故选B。
31.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard.(人工智能可以以惊人的准确度从大脑活动中解码单词和句子。只需要几秒钟的大脑活动数据，人工智能就能猜测出一个人听到了什么。)”和第二段的“Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world who are unable to communicate through speech, typing or gestures.(这款人工智能由Facebook的母公司Meta开发，最终可用于帮助全球成千上万无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一项新研究指出人工智能可以以惊人的准确性从大脑活动中解码语音，最终帮助世界各地成千上万无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人，因此最好的题目是A选项“A New Way to Decode Speech(语音解码的新方法)”，故选A。
D
Cancer is caused by gene mutations (突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why?
For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication (复制). Elephants have an amazing 20 copies of this gene. Those copies, each with two variations produce a total of 40 proteins, compared with humans’ (and most animals’) single copy producing two proteins.
In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors (肿瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct if the damage is too extensive. Without action from p53, cancer can easily take hold: in more than half of all human cancers, the gene’s function has been lost through random mutations.
The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’ p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently, which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.
These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means though which p53 can operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.
Study co-author Robin Fahraeus and his colleagues are now following up on these results using blood samples from an African elephant at the Vienna Zoo. They are exploring how its p53 proteins interact with damaged cells and plan to compare those findings with results from human cells.
32. What does the underlined word “initiating” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Delaying. B. Indicating. C. Stopping. D. Starting.
33. How do p53 copies free elephants from cancer?
A. By preventing the replication thoroughly.
B. By providing precise response continuously.
C. By lowering the chance of mutations in advance.
D. By repairing the damaged cells in the same way.
34. What can we conclude from the last 2 paragraphs?
A. The results need further tests.
B. More biologists will participate in the study.
C. The results throw light on humans’ fighting cancer.
D. Researchers have new findings in African elephants.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why elephants don’t get cancer.
B. What contributes to elephants’ long life.
C. Where the anticancer breakthrough lies.
D. How the key cancer-fighting gene works.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么长寿的动物们不会患癌症的问题。
32.词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句及划线词所在句“In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors (肿瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct if the damage is too extensive.(在哺乳动物中，p53在防止突变细胞变成肿瘤方面起着至关重要的作用。它的工作原理是暂停复制，然后要么initiating修复，要么在损伤过于广泛时导致细胞自我毁灭)”可知，对于损伤过于广泛的细胞，p53会让细胞自我毁灭，因而对于可以修复的细胞，p53则会开始修复它。由此可知，划线词此处为“开始”含义。故选D。
33，细节理解题。根据第四段“The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’ p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently, which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.(科学家们实际上建立了大象40种 p53蛋白的模型，并仔细研究了这些蛋白，发现了这种基因可以帮助大象避免癌症的两种方式。首先，大象拥有多个p53的副本的事实降低了 p53由于突变而不再起作用的可能性。此外，大象的 p53的副本对不同突变的反应也不同，因此对受损细胞的反应也不同，这可能在检测和消除突变方面有优势)”可知，p53对不同的突变的作用是不同的，即p53通过持续的针对不同的突变作出准确的回应，进而帮助大象避免癌症。故选B。
34.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means though which p53 can operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.(没有参与这项工作的细胞生物学家苏 · 豪普特(Sue Haupt)说，这些“非凡”的结果意味着，大象有一系列的方法可以让 p53起作用。她补充说，这表明“探索强有力的人类癌症防护新方法的令人兴奋的可能性”)”可知，这些非凡的结果意味着“探索强有力的人类癌症防护新方法的令人兴奋的可能性”。由此推知，这些结果的发现为人类对抗癌症提供了线索。故选C。
35，主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Cancer is caused by gene mutations (突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why?(癌症是由基因突变引起的，随着时间的推移，基因突变积累在细胞中，然而长寿的动物有很多细胞，如大象和鲸鱼，几乎从来不会有癌症。为什么？)”及第二段中“For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication (复制).(至少对大象来说，部分答案可能是通常被称为 p53的基因，它也帮助人类和许多其他动物修复复制过程中受损的 DNA)”可知，本文主要讲述了为什么长寿的动物们不会患癌症的问题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s normal for friends to experience conflict, disagreements, and even fight. 36 Most times conflict with a friend is easily solved. But in some cases, the disagreement and the conflict grow leading to anger, sadness and even the end of a friendship. Learning to handle the conflict with friends in a healthy way is beneficial for both sides. Here are some tips.
Calm down. The first thing is to calm down. 37 Prevent further damage to the relationship by taking a moment to calm down. Get some alone time. Tell your friend that you need a moment to clear your head. You can either go for a walk or just take a warm bath.
38 It may feel as if it helps you explain your concerns more thoroughly if you bring in related examples from past events. Avoid this at all costs. Past issues for discussion only make things worse. Remember it’s important to focus on the issue at hand, not past events.
Work towards a compromise. Unfortunately, some people believe that a compromise means a “lose/lose situation” because each person has to give up something. While this is true, every healthy relationship usually involves compromise and adjusting to others’ needs or wants. It takes two to make it work. 39
Be careful of unhealthy friendships. It’s generally a good idea to work through conflicts with friends. 40 If you are in a friendship that is based more on conflict or you seem to be the one always apologizing, you need to re-evaluate if this friendship is worth keeping and consider when to walk away.
A. Remain on the current matter.
B. You can’t always agree on everything.
C. Avoid explaining your concerns repeatedly.
D. Just “give a little” to allow your friend to “get a little”.
E. In a heated situation, it’s easy to say or do things we later regret.
F. But it isn’t in your best interest if the friendship causes more harm than good.
G. It’s important to surround yourself with people who positively influence your life.
【答案】36. B37. E38. A39. D40. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了正确处理与朋友之间冲突的四种方法。
36.根据上文“It’s normal for friends to experience conflict, disagreements, and even fight.(朋友之间发生冲突、分歧甚至打架是很正常的)”可知，该空位于第一段中，其作用主要为引出话题，前文提到朋友之间产生分歧很正常，本句承接上文继续说明，故B选项“你们不可能事事都意见一致”符合语境，故选B。
37.根据后文“Prevent further damage to the relationship by taking a moment to calm down.(花点时间冷静下来，以免进一步损害你们的关系)”可知，本句是在说明可能造成损害关系的行为：说出或做一些让我们后来后悔的话。故E选项“在紧张的情况下，很容易说出或做一些让我们后来后悔的话”符合语境，故选E。
38.根据后文“It may feel as if it helps you explain your concerns more thoroughly if you bring in related examples from past events. Avoid this at all costs. Past issues for discussion only make things worse. Remember it’s important to focus on the issue at hand, not past events.(如果你从过去的事件中举出相关的例子，你可能会觉得这有助于你更彻底地解释你的担忧。无论如何都要避免这种情况。讨论过去的问题只会让事情变得更糟。记住，重要的是要关注眼前的问题，而不是过去的事情)”可知，该空为第三段小标题，是本段中心意思的体现，根据本段内容可知该段主要介绍了“就事论事”的建议，故A选项“继续讨论当前的问题”符合语境，故选A。
39.根据“Work towards a compromise.(互相妥协)”以及上文“It takes two to make it work.(两个人才能成功)”可知，前文提到双方需要共同努力，说明付出和给予是相互的，故D选项“‘给一点’，让你的朋友‘得到一点’”符合语境，故选D。
40.根据上文“Be careful of unhealthy friendships. It’s generally a good idea to work through conflicts with friends.(小心不健康的友谊。与朋友解决矛盾通常是个好主意)”以及后文“If you are in a friendship that is based more on conflict or you seem to be the one always apologizing, you need to re-evaluate if this friendship is worth keeping and consider when to walk away.(如果你的友谊更多地建立在冲突的基础上，或者你似乎是那个总是道歉的人，你需要重新评估一下这段友谊是否值得保持，并考虑何时离开)”可知，该空前文提到解决朋友间的冲突通常是正确的，后文提到如果你们之间冲突不断或者你一直在不停的道歉，那就需要重新审视这段友谊了。故F选项“但是，如果这段友谊造成的伤害大于好处，那就不符合你的最大利益了”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the middle of winter some 30 years ago. I was a young father with three little mouths to 41 . My college education, however, didn’t help me to 42 a well-paid job. I was working in a woodcutting business for just above the 43 wage. Working outdoors for 8 hours a day had caused my 44 to split (裂开) and bleed at their tips in the cold, dry air.
That day at work was harder than normal. We 45 workers. Worse still, the machines kept breaking down. When the day finally ended, I took off the gloves and 46 my painful hands. The splits were 47 than ever and I had bled through the band-aids again. I tried to 48 my back but it hurt badly. I had never felt that tired and 49 before, wondering why life was so tough and how long I could keep doing this.
I tried to 50 a smile as I got home. My daughter ran up to me merrily, yelled “Daddy!”, and 51 her little arms around my neck. My heart exploded with 52 . My aches and tiredness disappeared into her 53 . And the joy in my heart 54 the depression away. At that moment I knew I could continue on and that things would get better.
We all have 55 fingers and band-aid days in our lives here. But with love we can make it through them all.
41. A. water B. hold C. feed D. whisper
42. A. quit B. offer C. reject D. secure
43. A. minimum B. appropriate C. desired D. original
44. A. lips B. legs C. feet D. fingers
45. A. trained B. lacked C. motivated D. fired
46. A. ignored B. cured C. examined D. washed
47. A. worse B. dirtier C. smaller D. nicer
48. A. lighten B. protect C. straighten D. shake
49. A. homesick B. free C. embarrassed D. down
50. A. count on B. put on C. run after D. show off
51. A. reached B. wrapped C. broke D. crossed
52. A. sadness B. complaint C. pity D. love
53. A. worry B. mind C. hug D. room
54. A. drove B. turned C. gave D. scared
55. A. flexible B. bleeding C. powerful D. amazing
【答案】41. C42. D43. A44. D45. B46. C47. A48. C49. D50. B51. B52. D53. C54. A55. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三十年前，作者为了养家，不得不在伐木公司工作，收入微薄，手指因为寒冷而开裂流血，但是家人的爱帮助作者度过了艰难的日子。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一个年轻的父亲，有三张嘴要养活。A. water水；B. hold持有；C. feed喂养；D. whisper低语。根据上文“I was a young father with three little mouths to”可知，作者有孩子要喂养。故选C。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的大学教育并没有帮助我找到一份高薪的工作。A. quit停止；B. offer提议；C. reject拒绝；D. secure获得。根据后文“a well-paid job”可知，此处指大学教育并没有帮助到作者获得工作。故选D。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我当时在一家伐木公司工作，工资略高于最低工资标准。A. minimum最小的；B. appropriate合适的；C. desired渴望得到的；D. original起初的。根据上文“I was working in a woodcutting business for just above the”结合上文提到大学教育并没有帮助到作者获得很好的工作，所以这里指工资略高于最低工资标准。故选A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天在户外工作8个小时，在寒冷干燥的空气中，我的手指尖端裂开流血。A. lips嘴唇；B. legs腿；C. feet脚；D. fingers手指。根据后文“my painful hands”可知，在寒冷干燥的空气中，作者的手指尖端裂开流血。故选D。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们缺少工人。A. trained训练；B. lacked缺少；C. motivated激发；D. fired点火。根据后文“Worse still, the machines kept breaking down.(更糟的是，机器不停地出故障)”可知，本句是在描述糟糕的情况。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这一天终于结束时，我脱下手套，检查我疼痛的手。A. ignored忽视；B. cured治愈；C. examined检查；D. washed洗涤。根据后文“my painful hands”可知，作者检查自己疼痛的手。故选C。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伤口裂开得比以前更严重了，我又一次从创可贴上流出血来了。A. worse更差；B. dirtier更脏的；C. smaller更小的；D. nicer更好的。根据后文“and I had bled through the band-aids again”可知，伤口裂开得比以前更严重了，又一次从创可贴上流出血来了。故选A。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着挺直背，但背疼得厉害。A. lighten听；B. protect保护；C. straighten变直；D. shake摇晃。根据后文“my back but it hurt badly”可知，指挺直背部，故选C。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未感到如此疲惫和沮丧，我想知道生活为什么如此艰难，我能坚持这样做多久。A. homesick想家的；B. free自由的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. down沮丧的。根据后文“wondering why life was so tough and how long I could keep doing this.”可知，作者感到疲惫和沮丧。故选D。
50.考查动词短语辨析。句意：回到家时，我努力装出笑容。A. count on依靠；B. put on穿上；C. run after追赶；D. show off炫耀。根据后文“a smile as I got home”可知，此处指作者回家装出笑容，故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿高兴地跑到我跟前，喊道：“爸爸！”她的小胳膊搂住了我的脖子。A. reached到达；B. wrapped包裹；C. broke打破；D. crossed穿过。根据后文“her little arms around my neck”可知，此处指女儿用手臂围绕住作者，故选B。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里充满了爱。A. sadness悲伤；B. complaint抱怨；C. pity遗憾；D. love爱。根据语境可知，女儿拥抱回家的作者，所以作者内心充满了爱。故选D。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的疼痛和疲倦都消失在她的拥抱中。A. worry担心；B. mind思维；C. hug拥抱；D. room房间。根据上文“her little arms around my neck”可知，疼痛和疲倦都消失在她的拥抱中。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心中的喜悦驱走了沮丧。A. drove驾驶；B. turned转弯；C. gave给予；D. scared使害怕。根据后文“the depression away.”可知，心中的喜悦驱走了沮丧。故选A。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我们都有手指流血和创可贴的日子。A. flexible灵活的；B. bleeding流血的；C. powerful强大的；D. amazing令人惊讶的。根据后文“fingers and band-aid days in our lives here”以及上文“to split and bleed at their tips in the cold, dry air.”可知，此处指手指流血。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
No doubt, one of the most admired Chinese paintings of all time is the Qingming Shang He Tu. The painting is on a silk scroll (卷轴) that is 24.8cm wide and 528.7cm long, 56 (bear) Emperor Huizong’s name. Created by Zhang Zeduan, it represents the daily life of people and the landscape of then Bianjing, 57 was the capital during the Northern Song.
After its appearance, this amazingly detailed painting quickly 58 (become) a national treasure. Although the original painting was lost for some time, it is now 59 (proud) placed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. As an artistic creation, the piece has been admired and court artists of subsequent 60 (dynasty) have made many copies.
The theme celebrates the festival spirit and prosperous street scene at the Qingming Festival, 61 time when Chinese people visit their ancestors’ graves (坟墓).
62 (paint) on the silk scroll, the piece of art reveals the lifestyle of all levels of society and it gives us a rare insight 63 daily life in ancient China. Its great appeal is that it provides a whole picture of ordinary people’s lives in the Song Dynasty.
The painting 64 (display) every few years. However, using computer animation, it recently has been remade into a digital version which contains moving characters and objects for all 65 (enjoy). In 2010, an electronic version was created for exhibition at the Shanghai Expo.
【答案】56. bearing 57. which58. became 59. proudly 60. dynasties 61. a 62. Painted 63. into 64. is displayed 65. enjoyment
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了名作《清明上河图》及其重要的价值。
56.考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅画是在一幅宽26.8厘米，长528.7厘米的丝绸卷轴上，上面写着徽宗的名字。分析句子可知，逗号前为主句，使用了主系表结构，所以空处用非谓语动词。主语the painting与动词bear为主谓关系，所以空处用现在分词bearing，故填bearing。
57.考查定语从句。句意：它由张择端创作，代表了人们的日常生活和当时汴京的景观，这在当时是北宋的首都。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Bianjing，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which，故填which。
58.考查时态。句意：这幅精美绝伦的油画出现后，迅速成为国宝。空处在句中为谓语，结合前文“After its appearance”可知，表示过去的动作，所以时态用一般过去时，故填became。
59.考查副词。句意：虽然原画已经遗失了一段时间，但现在它骄傲地被放置在北京故宫博物院。修饰动词用副词，空后placed为动词，所以此处用副词proudly，故填proudly。
60.考查名词复数。句意：作为一项艺术创作，该作品备受推崇，后世宫廷艺术家也曾多次复制。空处在句中为and并列句的主语，结合空后“have made”可知，空处用名词复数。故填dynasties。
61.考查冠词。句意：其主题是庆祝清明节时期的节日精神和繁华的街景，清明节是中国人祭祖的日子。time作“时期”讲时，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个时期”，应用不定冠词，time是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a，故填a。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意：绘制在丝绸画卷上，这件艺术品展现了社会各阶层的生活方式，给我们一种难得的对中国古代日常生活的了解。分析句子可知，reveals为句子的谓语，所以空处用非谓语动词，动词paint与主语the piece of art为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词，处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Painted。
63.考查介词。句意同上。固定短语insight into sth.“了解某事”，故填into。
64.考查时态和语态。句意：这幅画每隔几年展出一次。空处在句中为谓语，结合句中“every few years”可知，时态为一般现在时；主语the painting与动词display为动宾关系，所以语态用被动语态。故填is displayed。
65.考查名词。句意：然而，使用计算机动画，它最近已被重新制作成一个数字版本，其中包含移动的人物和用于享受的所有物体。介词后跟名词，enjoy“享受”为动词，其名词形式为enjoyment，既可用于可数名词，也可为不可数名词，作不可数名词时，指从某物中享受乐趣；作可数名词讲时，表示令人愉快的事，这里指人们用来获得快乐，为不可数名词，故填enjoyment。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办以“Studying Abroad: Is It a Good or Bad Idea?”为主题的辩论赛。请你代表俱乐部写一则通知，内容包括：
1.辩论赛的主题、时间和地点；
2.欢迎同学们观赛；
3.观赛注意事项。
注意:
1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.可适当补充细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
English Club
One possible version:
Notice
In order to enrich students’ campus life, a debate competition with the theme of Studying Abroad: Is It a Good or Bad Idea is scheduled to be held by our English club in the school lecture hall from 2:30 pm to 5:00 pm next Friday.
We will invite some experienced teachers to be judges. Anyone who is interested in this activity is welcomed to watch the debate. But you’d better arrive ten minutes earlier than the scheduled time and do not make noise during the competition. Participants have made good preparations for it. It will be surely wonderful. Looking forward to your active participation.
English Club
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表校英语俱乐部，为即将举办以“Studying Abroad: Is It a Good or Bad Idea?”为主题的辩论赛写一则通知。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Having held the interschool storytelling championship for the past two years, I was the shining star of my school. When it came to choosing the right candidate to participate in such competitions, I was always the first choice. Naturally, I was once again selected to represent my school in the approaching contest this year.
Upon hearing the fact that I was chosen again my classmates and friends acknowledged that I would undoubtedly emerge as the champion again. Consequently, I became conceited. I was so proud that I neglected the importance of practicing for the contest.
A week before the contest, my teacher Ms. Sara asked, “Selena, would you like to stand in front of the class to rehearse for the contest?” She had tutored me in the past two competitions and knew how important practice was. “Just imagine you are on the stage in the presence of the audience,” she added.
“I’m sorry, Ms. Sara,” I replied. “I have a bit of a sore throat.”
This was usually the lie I would tell whenever my teacher requested me to practice in front of the class. I always found excuses to avoid doing it because I believed that I was the best and therefore the practice was unnecessary. On one occasion, I even told Ms. Sara not to worry too much as I was well prepared for the contest. In fact, I did everything but practice my script. I only managed to glance briefly through the story the day before the contest. As the best storyteller among the students of the local secondary schools, I was too vain to practice and expected everything to be fine.
The contest was being held in the local community hall. On the day of the contest, the hall was packed. My school teachers and principal were there along with many of my classmates and schoolmates. I was the eighth contestant out of twenty in total. Those who spoke before me did extremely well. On seeing their fascinating and outstanding performance, I began to lose confidence in myself. My palms sweated heavily and I started to feel nervous.
Paragraph 1:
Soon, it was my turn to talk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Finally, results were announced after the contest.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One Possible version:
Soon, it was my turn to talk. Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright. I spoke in an expressionless voice and even stuttered a few times as I forgot parts of the story. My legs trembled and so did my voice. On seeing my terrible performance, the judges shook their heads. The supporters from my school looked at me in disappointment. I have never been so embarrassed in my life. In the end, I walked off the stage, my eyes filled with tears.
Finally, results were announced after the contest. I didn’t win any prizes—not even a consolation one. It was not surprising at all. I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara. I regretted underestimating my opponents and overestimating myself. My vanity had cost me the championship. I now regretted being so arrogant. I had learned my lesson well and finally understood the meaning of the two sayings, “Pride goes before a fall.” and “Practice makes perfect.”
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者狂妄自大认为自己的演讲已经很好了，在比赛前不练习，当他看到其他优秀的比赛选手后开始担心最终失败的故事。