英语（全国甲卷B卷）-学易金卷：2023年高考第一模拟考试卷(含听力)

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英语（全国甲B卷）-学易金卷：2023年高考第一模拟考试卷全解全析
第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1~5 CBCAC 6~10 AABCA 11~15 ABACA 16~20 BCACA
Text 1
W:I just bought this fake fur coat at a sale. I paid only $240 for it. How do you like it?
M:It’s very nice, but my wife bought the same thing for half the price.
Text 2
M:Nurse,I’d like to see Dr. White.
W:Oh,I’m sorry. He isn’t in today. Dr. Lester or Dr. Pepper will be able to see you.
Text 3
W:Let’s go for a walk after dinner.
M:Well,I’ll go if you really want to, but I’m a little tired.
Text 4
M:Since you are going shopping, can you post this letter for me on the way?
W:Sure,but you don’t seem to have written the address on the envelope.
M:Oh,thank you for reminding me.
Text 5
M:Oh,my God. It’s so late now and I haven’t even started packing yet. I’m going to Chicago tomorrow.
W:I wish I were going with you. How long will you be away?
M:A week.
Text 6
M:I think something is wrong with Mr. Hudson. He’s not as cheerful as usual.
W:I don’t know what it could be.
M:I heard last week that his mother had been ill. I wonder if that’s the trouble.
W:I doubt that. Yesterday he told me his mother felt much better.
M:Maybe he has a problem here at work.
W:I don’t think that he has any problem with his job. It’s well-known that Mr. Hudson is the best worker among us.
M:Perhaps there is some trouble in his home.
W:Well,the schoolmaster phoned this morning.
M:That must be the problem. He’s worried about his son.
Text 7
M:Good morning, Miss Smith.
W:Good morning. Can I help you?
M:Yes.I want to borrow a book Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.
W:Let me check it for you. Yes, here you are.
M:Thank you. Here’s my card. I wonder how long I can keep it.
W:You may keep it for two weeks. The book you’ve just borrowed is to be returned on May 18th.
M:What happens if I can’t finish reading it in two weeks?
W:You can come here and renew it for another two weeks.
M:That’s good. Thank you for your help.
W:Not at all. That’s what I’m here for. Come again.
Text 8
W:Right,Sir.What’s the problem?
M:Well,my car’s just stopped. I was driving along and the engine cut out and it just stopped, and I can’t start it again.
W:Er…Have you run out of petrol?
M:No,it’s not possible. I filled up last night and I haven’t driven very far.
W:Right,is the battery working?
M:Well,I mean I think so. The lights are working and the radio is on and I’ve looked at it and it looks OK,I think.
W:Um.Has it been raining?
M:Yes,it’s pouring down.
W:Well,it could be the distributor (配电器).Have you had a look at that?
M:Oh gosh, no, I’m not sure where that is. I never touch things like that. Is it serious?
W:No,not really, but don’t worry, we’ll come out and have a look.
Text 9
M:This is really a good store. I’m sure you can find everything you need for Europe right here.
W:I hope so. I have a lot to do before the trip. I need trousers, a light jacket, and a sweater.
M:Here are the trousers. Oh! This is a nice pair. They’re black, so they’ll go with everything.
W:Except that, if it’s sunny, they’ll be too hot. Besides, I already have black ones at home. How about these pink trousers?
M:They’re a much nicer color.
W:And they feel like a better quality, too. I’ll try them on later. Let’s look for a sweater now. I like this brown one.
M:Do you? I really think it’s too plain. What do you think of this white one? It’s more beautiful, so you could wear it in the evening.
W:I know, but the purple one is looser. It’ll be more comfortable. And how about this jacket? It’s beautiful, but I know it’s too heavy for the summer.
M:It’s also too expensive! I don’t want to spend that much money. Do you see a cotton jacket?
W:Right over here. Oh, these are much lighter, and a lot more useful.
Text 10
W:Many people suffer from shyness. In order to give other people a chance to know more about you, you need to overcome it. Then how to control shyness? First, make decisions not to hold back in conversations. What you have to say is just as important as what other people say. And don’t turn down party invitations just because of your shyness. Second, prepare yourself for being with others in groups. Make a list of the good qualities you have. Then make a list of ideas, experiences, and skills you would like to share with other people. Think about what you would like to say in advance. Then say it. Third, if you start feeling shy in a group, take a deep breath and focus your attention on other people. Remember, you are not alone. Other people are concerned about the impression they are making ,too. Don’t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. Even entertainers admit that they often feel shy. They work at fighting their shy feelings so they can face the cameras and the public.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
【答案】21．A    22．B    23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了英国最好的、适合一家人去度假的假日公园及其旅游指南。
21．细节理解题。根据第三部分Porthcawl: Trecco Bay Holiday Park中的“In the evening there are discos and bingo.(晚上会有迪斯科舞会和宾戈游戏)”可知，Porthcawl: Trecco Bay Holiday Park也许能吸引喜欢音乐的家庭。故选A。
22．细节理解题。题干意为：你家7月旅行一周至少要花多少钱？此题可以采用定位法来选择答案。首先定位题干中两个关键词，一是7月，可排除 Hampshire: Sandy Balls Holiday Park，因为它是8月的价格。二是时间一周，根据一周七天可知，￡179.55乘以7等于￡1,256.85；￡329乘以3.5等于￡1,151.5；￡305乘以2等于￡610。由此可知，7月旅行一周至少要花610英镑。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第一部分Yorkshire: Thornwick Bay Holiday Park中“the heated indoor pool with water slides never fails to be a hit either.(加热的室内游泳池和水滑梯也总是很受欢迎)”；以及第二部分Dorset: Warmwell Holiday Park中“an indoor pool with a flume(带水滑道的室内游泳池)”；以及第三部分Porthcawl: Trecco Bay Holiday Park中“an indoor pool with the pirate ship(有海盗船的室内游泳池)”以及第四部分Hampshire: Sandy Balls Holiday Park中“including a pool plus a spa(包括游泳池和水疗中心)”可知，尽管这四个公园各有特色项目，但是它们都有室内游泳池。由此推知，游泳是这四个公园共同的活动。故选D。

B
【答案】24．B    25．B    26．D   27．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了津巴布韦的霍乱疫情爆发的原因及如何成功控制了疫情。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段内容“In August of 2008, a deadly epidemic manifested itself in Zimbabwe. A severe health hazard triggered the outbreak. There was a lack of clean drinking water in the overcrowded urban areas. Garbage and chemicals got into the public water supplies and poisoned them. Since people did not have access to other sources, they had to drink the dirty water.”（2008年8月，津巴布韦爆发了一场致命的流行病。严重的健康危害引发了流行病的爆发。过度拥挤的城市地区缺乏干净的饮用水。垃圾和化学品进入公共供水系统，并对其造成毒害。由于人们没有其他渠道获得饮用水，他们不得不喝脏水。）可知，2008年8月，津巴布韦爆发了一场致命的流行病，主要原因是人们缺乏干净的饮用水，不得不喝脏水，导致了健康问题，最终导致流行病的爆发，由此可知，2008年津巴布韦致命流行病的起因是缺乏干净的饮用水。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“However, the government of Zimbabwe was unable to provide help to its people. The government didn’t have a plan to stop the spread of cholera.”（然而，津巴布韦政府无法向其人民提供帮助。政府没有阻止霍乱传播的计划。）可知，疫情期间，津巴布韦政府无法向其人民提供帮助，由此可知，“津巴布韦政府提供了很大的帮助” 并不是疫情几乎完全得到控制的原因。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“The government now administers the water supply plants and makes sure that they adhere to strict safety guidelines. Hopefully, future instances of cholera will be treated before they start deadly epidemics.”（政府现在管理供水厂，并确保它们遵守严格的安全准则。未来的霍乱病例在开始成为致命流行病之前得到治疗是有希望的。）可知，现在津巴布韦政府采取了一系列措施管理水资源，作者认为，在津巴布韦政府的努力下，未来的霍乱疫情控制和治疗是有希望的，由此可知，作者对津巴布韦未来的疫情控制和治疗是持乐观态度的。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第四段关键句“Luckily, many other countries recognized the need to contain the outbreak. Dozens of voluntary practitioners from Britain, France, the United States, and other countries went to Zimbabwe to treat the disease.”（幸运的是，许多其他国家认识到有必要控制疫情的爆发。来自英国、法国、美国和其他国家的数十名志愿的专业人员前往津巴布韦治疗这种疾病。）和最后一段关键句“The government now administers the water supply plants and makes sure that they adhere to strict safety guidelines. Hopefully, future instances of cholera will be treated before they start deadly epidemics.”（政府现在管理供水厂，并确保它们遵守严格的安全准则。未来的霍乱病例在开始成为致命流行病之前得到治疗是有希望的。）可知，本文主要介绍了津巴布韦的霍乱疫情爆发的原因及如何成功控制了疫情，由此可知，这篇文章的写作目的是说明津巴布韦如何成功地控制了霍乱。故选C项。

C
【答案】28．C    29．B    30．D    31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了儿童时期的成长环境影响着人的导航能力。
28．词义猜测题。根据第一句的than可知作者拿urbanites和people who grow up outside of cities (在城市以外长大的人)对比，所以urbanties（Those who are raised in cities.）指的是城市人。故选C项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Nearly 400,000 people from 38 countries around the world played a video game called Sea Hero Quest, designed by scientists and game developers as a fun way to collect data about people’s brains（来自世界38个国家的近40万人玩了一款名为‘海洋英雄探索’的视频游戏，该游戏由科学家和游戏开发商设计，是一种收集人类大脑数据的有趣方式。）”可知研究人员是通过收集视频游戏的数据来进行研究的。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“On average, people who said they had grown up outside of cities, where they would have probably encountered lots of complicated paths, were better at finding the targets than people who were raised in cities.（通常，那些说自己在城市以外长大的人，在那里他们可能会遇到许多复杂的道路，比在城市长大的人更善于找到目标。）”可知一个人早期的成长环境影响着他们在游戏中的表现。故选D项。
31．主旨大意题。本文主要通过对比在城里长大人和在城外长大的人在导航能力方面的差异告诉我们人的成长环境可能影响人的导航能力。所以短文的最佳标题为“你成长的地方可能会影响你的导航能力”。故选D项。

D
【答案】32．C    33．B   34．C    35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕撒谎这一普遍现象展开，深入分析了人们为什么会撒谎，说谎者又是怎么通过肢体动作以及声音来暴露撒谎行为的，最后文章指出也不存在指认一个说谎者的绝对依据。

32. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Think little white lies such as attempting to spare someone’s feelings or gently twisting the facts to avoid looking bad.(想想一些善意的谎言，比如试图不伤害别人的感情，或者为了避免看起来不好而轻描淡写地歪曲事实)”可知“hardly worth mentioning”这一类谎言的特点。再结合第三段最后一句话“An example of a big lie, according to the study’s authors, would be saying “I love you” without being sincere.(该研究的作者认为，一个大谎的例子是没有任何诚意地说‘我爱你’)”可知C选项“我太喜欢你了”属于“big lies”谎言类别。故选C项。
33. 细节理解题。根据第四段“A more recent study, from Erasmus University in Rotterdam, found that liars may unconsciously mimic the body language of those around them while their brains are otherwise engaged in telling lies. （Erasmus University最近的一项研究发现，说谎者可能会无意识地模仿周围人的肢体语言，而他们的大脑则在撒谎）”可知 ，撒谎者无意中重复着与他交谈的人的手势。故选B项。
34. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Back in 2015, University of Michigan researchers identified some common behaviors among liars, including frowning or grimacing, looking directly at the questioner in a bid to appear trustworthy, and overcompensating by gesturing with both hands. ”中的 “overcompensating by gesturing with both hands（早在2015年，密歇根大学的研究人员就发现了说谎者的一些常见行为，包括皱眉头或做鬼脸，直视提问者以表现出可信，以及双手打手势来进行过度补偿）”推知，说谎者说谎时往往会用双手做过多的手势。故选C项。
35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’s important to remember though that none of these pointers offer undeniable evidence that you’re dealing with a liar. After all, some people just grimace more or speak slower than others.（重要的是要记住，这些指针都不能提供不可否认的证据，证明你正在与一个骗子打交道。毕竟，有些人只是做了更多的鬼脸，或者说得比其他人慢）”推知，作者认为没有可以用来判断一个人是否说谎的绝对依据，故选D项。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
【答案】36．E    37．F    38．A    39．C   40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球性人口数量增多所导致的资源短缺问题以及如何应对。
36. 根据前一句“Overpopulation is a big problem in every region of the world today.(人口过剩是当今世界每个地区的一个大问题)”和后一句“Earth’s population is about 6.5 billion people.(地球人口约为65亿)”可知，本段主要阐述全球性人口过多的问题。所以E项“Too many people are packed into cities and towns around the globe.(全球有太多的人涌入城市和城镇)”描述人口过多、大量人口涌入城镇的情况，符合题意。故选E项。
37. 本段主要讲述人们担忧资源短缺，并对其进行原因分析，有原因一“One major reason for this is that wasting resources and polluting have become habitual behaviors. (造成这种情况的一个主要原因是，浪费资源和污染已成为习惯行为)” 由此推知，空处陈述另外一个主要原因。F项“Also, cars and machines waste important natural resources like oil and water.(另外，汽车和机器浪费石油和水等重要自然资源）)”符合题意，用 “Also”阐述出另一个原因。故选F项。
38. 该空是第三段的主题句，根据该段最后一句“In 50 years, many experts worry that huge numbers of people will starve to death.(50年后，许多专家担心，大量的人将饿死)”可知，本段主要讲述的是粮食短缺问题。A项“Another issue is the lack of useful land for cultivating crops. (另一个问题是缺乏种植作物的有用土地)”符合本段主题。故选A项。
39. 根据空处前一句“Many car companies already have patents for very efficient cars.(许多汽车公司已经拥有高效汽车的专利)”推知，下文陈述这些高效汽车的优势，C项“Such cars waste no resources and produce no pollution.(这样的车会更节能)符合题意，Such cars指代上文的very efficient cars。故选C项。
40. 根据空处后面“And these ideas will help to support the growing population.(这些想法将有助于支持不断增长的人口)”中的“these ideas” 推知，上文提到了某些想法。D项“Experts will continue to come up with ideas for the future. (专家们将继续为未来提出想法)”符合题意，“ideas”是关键词。故选D项。

第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
【答案】
41．D    42．B    43．B    44．A    45．D    46．C    47．B    48．D    49．C    50．A    51．C    52．B    53．D    54．A    55．C    56．A    57．C    58．D    59．A    60．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位校车司机在发现车里有异味后，迅速判断汽车状况后冷静地疏散孩子们下车，挽救了一车人性命的故事。
41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sondra Artis刚接了路上最后一个学生。A. sent away派遣；B. turned down拒绝；C. seen off送行；D. picked up接人。根据下文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell. She 　　2　　 the bus window to see if it was fogging up from condensation（凝结）or if it was 　　3　　 .”（在前往学校的路上，桑德拉闻到了一股烧焦的味道。她擦了擦车窗，看看是凝结的雾气还是烟雾。）可知，Sondra Artis 是校车司机，每天接送孩子上学和回家。故事发生当天是Sondra Artis 接孩子去学校。故选D项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在前往学校的路上，桑德拉闻到了一股烧焦的味道。她擦了擦车窗，看看是凝结的雾气还是烟雾。A. repaired修理；B. wiped擦除；C. tapped轻拍；D. opened打开。根据“the bus window”（校车窗户）及句意，此处意指Sondra Artis 擦了擦窗户看看是不是水汽或者烟雾。故选B项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在前往学校的路上，桑德拉闻到了一股烧焦的味道。她擦了擦车窗，看看是凝结的雾气还是烟雾。A. steam蒸汽；B. smoke烟；C. fog雾；D. dust灰尘。根据前文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell.”（在前往学校的路上，桑德拉闻到了一股烧焦的味道。）可知，校车出现了问题，她擦了擦窗户确认是不是水汽，或者哪里燃烧了出现了烟雾。故选B项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个学生问她出了什么事时，她尽力掩饰她不断增长的担忧。A. wrong错误的；B. lucky幸运的；C. necessary必要的；D. urgent急迫的。根据前文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell.”（在前往学校的路上，桑德拉闻到了一股烧焦的味道。）可知，校车出现了问题，学生问她校车怎么了。故选A项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一个学生问她出了什么事时，她尽力掩饰她不断增长的担忧。A. anger生气；B. curiosity好奇；C.embarrassment尴尬；D. worry担忧。根据前文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell.”（在前往学校的路上，桑德拉闻到了一股烧焦的味道。）可知，校车出现了问题，作为校车司机的桑德拉此时非常担忧。故选D项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：桑德拉把车开到停车场，转身面对车上的20名学生。A. duty义务；B. guard保卫；C. board板子；D. vacation假期。根据前文可知，事发时是桑德拉开校车把孩子送到学校的路上，所以现在车上有20个学生。此处考查短语“on board”（在车上）。故选C项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她提醒他们曾经进行过的疏散演习，并指导他们从门里离开。A. advantages优势；B. drills演习；C. signals信号；D. secrets秘密。根据句意及“evacuation”（疏散）可知，此处桑德拉让学生们想想之前在学校进行过的疏散演习是怎样的。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：桑德拉说：“我告诉孩子们，‘你们知道，我们在今年年初就练习了，但这将是真实的，所以我需要你们冷静。’”A. met遇见；B. separated分开；C. promised承诺；D. practiced练习。根据上文“She reminded them of the evacuation（疏散） 　　7　　 they once performed and directed them to leave through the doors.
”（她提醒他们曾经进行过的疏散演习，并指导他们从门里离开。）可知，他们学校今年年初进行了疏散演练。故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：桑德拉说：“我告诉孩子们，‘你们知道，我们在今年年初就练习了，但这次将是真实的，所以我需要你们冷静。’”A. early早的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. real真的；D. new新的。此处意指他们学校年初进行的是疏散演习，但是这一次校车是真的出现的问题。故选C项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当烟雾开始弥漫汽车时，学生们急忙向出口跑去。A. exits出口；B. teacher老师；C. windows窗户；D. lifesaver救生员。根据后文“When they were out, she went back onto the bus to make sure everyone left ___12___ .”（当他们出去后，她回到车上，确保每个人都安全离开了。）可知，学生们都从校车的车门快速疏散出去了。故选A项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很害怕，但桑德拉保持冷静。A. excited兴奋的；B. tired劳累的；C. scared害怕的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据文意及“but Sondra remained calm”（但桑德拉保持冷静）可知，孩子们现在非常的害怕。故选C项。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们出去后，她回到车上，确保每个人都安全离开了。A. hurriedly急切地；B. safely安全地；C. firstly首先；D. actively积极地。根据常识可知，此处意指桑德拉返回校车看看是否每个学生都安全地撤离出现事故的校车了。故选B项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都逃出来几秒钟后，校车就着火了。A. hid躲藏；B. landed降落；C. sat坐；D. escaped逃脱。根据上文“When they were out, she went back onto the bus to make sure everyone left ___12___ .”（当他们出去后，她回到车上，确保每个人都安全离开了。）可知，学生们都已经离开了校车，脱离了危险境地。故选D项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一辆校车来到现场把孩子们带走，桑德拉感谢一切顺利。A. scene场景；B. school学校；C. park公园；D. destination目的地。根据文意及“another bus”（另一辆校车）可知，此处意指另一辆校车来到现场把学生们都安全地带到学校了。故选A项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一辆校车来到现场把孩子们带走，桑德拉感谢一切顺利。A. searching搜寻；B. studying学习；C. thanking感谢；D. counting计数。根据“everything worked out okay”（一切都顺利）以及桑德拉是一位校车司机，遇到校车事故，但是安全地把学生都从事故车中疏散出来，没有出现任何问题，所以她很感激一切顺利。故选C项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：校车可以换新的，但人的生命不能。A. replaced替换；B. exchanged交换；C. burnt燃烧；D. controlled控制。根据上文校车损坏了以及“but human life cannot”（但是人的生命不能）可知，此处意指校车损坏了，可以换一辆新的。故选A项。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生的父母非常感激她在火灾中表现出的优雅。A. eager渴望；B. famous著名的；C. grateful感激的；D. qualified合格的。桑德拉成功地将每一位学生安全地疏散出事故校车，没有一位学生受到伤害，所以家长非常感激桑德拉。故选C项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被认为是一个英雄，她的许多学生都希望看到她的英雄行为得到回报。A. student学生；B. leader领导；C. driver司机；D. hero英雄。根据前文“The parents were incredibly 　　17　　 for her grace under fire.”（学生的父母非常感激她在火灾中表现出的优雅。）可知，桑德拉在校车事故中的表现令大家非常钦佩，认为她是一位英雄。故选D项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被认为是一个英雄，她的许多学生都希望看到她的英雄行为得到回报。A. rewarded奖励，回报；B. excused原谅；C. apologized道歉；D. forgiven原谅。根据后文““Sondra is a very good bus driver, ”said a student. “She ___20___ a reward.””（一位学生说:“桑德拉是个很好的校车司机。她应该得到奖赏。”）可知，桑德拉的英雄行为让大家都认为她应该得到奖赏。故选A项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位学生说:“桑德拉是个很好的校车司机。她应该得到奖赏。”A. offers提供；B. deserves值得；C. demands要求；D. establishes建立。根据上文“She's being considered as a 　　18　　 , and many of her students would like to see her 　　19　　 for her heroism.”（她被认为是一个英雄，她的许多学生都希望看到她的英雄行为得到回报。）可知，大家都因为她在校车事故中的表现而应该得到回报。故选B项。


第二节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【答案】61．longest    62．who    63．breathed    64．astronauts    65．in    66．successfully    
67．encouragement    68．involved    69．to live/to have lived    70．a

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章是关于神州13号三位中国宇航员成功返回地球的报道。
61．考查形容词。句意：在绕地球六个月之后，三位中国宇航员离开了天宫空间站于周六上午返回地球，结束了我国最长的载人航天飞行任务。结合空前的“the nation’s”可知，设空处应填入形容词最高级，故填longest。
62．考查定语从句。句意：当舱门10点03分打开的那一刻，上将翟志刚，本次飞行任务指令长，上校王亚平和叶光富时隔半年太空之行后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zhai Zhigang，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。
63．考查一般过去时。句意：当舱门10点03分打开的那一刻，上将翟志刚，本次飞行任务指令长，上校王亚平和叶光富时隔半年太空之行后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。空处是句子的谓语部分，此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填breathed。
64．考查名词复数。句意：当每一位宇航员轮流报告他们身体状况良好，地面的工作人员鼓掌祝贺。astronaut宇航员，是可数名词，根据文中“took turns”及“they”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填astronauts。
65．考查介词。句意：当每一位宇航员轮流报告他们身体状况良好，地面的工作人员鼓掌祝贺。in good physical condition“身体状况良好”是固定搭配，故填in。
66．考查副词。句意：我们想向祖国和人民报告我们已成功地完成神州13号的航天飞行任务。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰谓语动词completed，应用副词形式。故填successfully。
67．考查名词。句意：我们感谢全体中国人民的支持和鼓励。根据句子结构可知，设空处需填入名词作宾语，encouragement鼓励，是不可数名词。故填encouragement。
68．考查过去分词。句意：我们也要感谢所有参与这次航天任务的人。代词those指“那些人”，与动词involve之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填involved。
69．考查动词不定式/动词不定式的完成式。句意：王亚平，居住在天宫空间站的首位中国女性，在一次实验中使用一只冰墩墩玩偶来展示事物在失重环境中如何飞行。分析句子结构可知，设空处是后置定语修饰woman，woman前有序数词修饰，根据“the first...to do”的惯用搭配，应填入动词不定式，此处也可用不定式的完成式，指live所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。故填to live/to have lived。
70．考查不定冠词。句意：王亚平，居住在天宫空间站的首位中国女性，在一次实验中使用一只冰墩墩玩偶来展示事物在失重环境中如何飞行。设空处应填冠词，toy是可数名词，此处是第一次出现，应用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。


第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
【答案】
1. means→ mean
2. young idol前加a
3. claim→ claiming
4. medal→ medals
5. her→ his
6. in→ to
7. greater→ greatest
8. Considering→ Considered
9.删除so
10. eager→ eagerly

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了青年偶像单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣。
【详解】1.考查动词。句意：榜样的力量对于年轻人意味着什么？此处疑问句中使用了助动词does，实义动词mean应用原形，故将means改为mean。
2. 考查冠词。句意：代表中国夺得奥运会单板滑雪大跳台的第一枚金牌后苏翊鸣一夜成名被奉为年轻偶像。idol为可数名词，由句意可知，年轻偶像第一次出现，泛指，名词前应用不定冠词修饰，young为辅音音素开头，故在young idol前加a。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：代表中国夺得奥运会单板滑雪大跳台的第一枚金牌后苏翊鸣一夜成名被奉为年轻偶像。after(在……之后)为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故将claim改为claiming。
4. 考查名词。句意：他不仅赢得两枚奖牌还在比赛中打败了自己的偶像。Two修饰可数名词medal应用复数，故将medal改为medals。
5. 考查代词。句意：他不仅赢得两枚奖牌还在比赛中打败了自己的偶像。根据句意可知，主语苏翊鸣打败了他自己的偶像，苏翊鸣是男生，此处代词错误，故将her改为his。
6. 考查固定短语。句意：苏翊鸣说他也很关注北京冬残奥会并且对所有的残奥运动员怀有最崇高的敬意。“pay attention to”是固定搭配，表示“关注……”。故将in改为to。
7. 考查形容词最高级。句意：苏翊鸣说他也很关注北京冬残奥会并且对所有的残奥运动员怀有最崇高的敬意。根据句意和the可知，形容词应该用最高级才符合逻辑，故将greater改为greatest。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：被视为榜样，苏翊鸣知道他需不辍前进的脚步。分析句子可知，Consider在此应是非谓语做原因状语，与主语苏翊鸣之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词，表被动，故将Considering改为Considered。
9. 考查连词。句意：被视为榜样，苏翊鸣知道他需不辍前进的脚步。分析句子结构可知，主句前是非谓语，表原因的状语，中间无需连词连接，故将so删除。
10.考查副词。句意：苏翊鸣热切地关注着他心仪大学的录取通知书。根据句意可知，此处eager修饰is eyeing on(关注)，应用副词修饰动词。故将eager改为eagerly。

第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
【答案】                            Dear Peter,
How is everything going? Overjoyed to know that you are interested in my P.E. optional course of tai chi, I am willing to share with you my tai chi experience and its benefits.
Looking back, I vividly remembered how my attitude towards tai chi changed. At the very beginning, I hesitated to go to the tai chi classes instructed by our PE teacher, thinking it is just for old people. However, it was after a few classes that tai chi caught my imagination. In time, I was amazed by the ancient Chinese culture behind tai chi, deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang. A certain time of practicing tai chi has impacted my daily life. Not only have I built up my body, but also my mind has been relaxed in stressful situations.
Hopefully you will experience tai chi and enjoy its benefits.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友回信，告诉他你最近在学校体育选修课中学习太极拳的情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：overjoyed→ delighted好处：benefit→ advantage
犹豫：hesitate→ falter
影响：impact→ influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the very beginning, I hesitated to go to the tai chi classes instructed by our PE teacher, thinking it is just for old people.
拓展句：At the very beginning, I hesitated to go to the tai chi classes instructed by our PE teacher, because I thought it is just for old people.

【点睛】【高分句型1】Looking back, I vividly remembered how my attitude towards tai chi changed.(运用how引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】However, it was after a few classes that tai chi caught my imagination. (运用it was…that …的强调句型)