中考时文阅读练习十篇

这是一份中考时文阅读练习十篇，共51页。试卷主要包含了条形码——伟大的发明，体育与赛事，科普知识，主题语境等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考时文阅读练习
一、条形码——伟大的发明

阅读理解
主题语境：发明与技术
语篇类型：说明文
词数：288
难度：★★★★☆
建议用时：8分钟
正确率：____ /5

Beep！Beep！Barcode（条形码) technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores.You've probably seen the black- and-white zebra stripes on product packaging. This year,this great invention is 50 years old!
On a Sunday afternoon in 1971, IBM engineer George Laurer came up with a code that could be printed on food labels. It became the basis for the Universal Product Code, which was used by many grocery companies starting in 1973, according to The New York Times. Before this, cashiers (收银员) had to ring up prices by hand.
Time has proven it to be a great invention. Today,barcodes are scanned over 6 billion times every day and used by 2 million companies worldwide,PR Newswire reported.
What information does a barcode contain? Where the product comes from, where it has been,its price, expiration date...you name it.It can also help stores keep track of their products. For example, if there are10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one,it will be recorded so that the store owner knows there are nine boxes left. In the 1980s, libraries started using barcodes to keep track of books in this way.
“Its creation allowed the first digitization (数字化) in the control of the stock (库存),” José Maria Bonmati from AECOC, a Spanish commercial association,told El Mundo.
The next generation of barcodes, such as QR codes,can hold more information. “They can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic (有机的). This provides consumers with a greater level of trust in the products they buy,” said GS1, an organization that develops global barcode standards.
1. What can we know about barcodes?
A. They were first used in New York.
B. They were invented fifty years ago.
C. They were based on the Universal Product Code.
D. They were designed by a cashier from a grocery store.
2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. What barcodes can be used for.
B. What barcodes can help customers do.
C. How widely barcodes are used worldwide.
D. How information is stored in barcodes.
3.According to José Maria Bonmati,barcodes______.
A.make cashiers'work easier to do
B. improve the quality of food packaging
C. help companies better manage their stock
D. tell consumers more about the products they buy
4. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A.The importance of barcodes still needs to be proven.
B. QR codes will replace barcodes in the future.
C. GS1 is developing a new type of barcode.
D. QR codesare moreconsumer-friendly.
5. Which word might the writer use to describe barcodes?
A. Organic. 
B. Beautiful. 
C. Convenient. 
D. Expensive.
译文
嘀！嘀！条形码技术使商店购物更快捷、更方便。你很可能见过产品包装上黑白两色的斑马条纹。今年，这项伟大的发明50岁了！
1971年的一个星期天下午，国际商业机器公司(IBM)的工程师 George Laurer想出了一个可以被印在食品标签上的代码。据《纽约时报》报道，该代码成了通用商品条形码的基础，从1973年起，许多食品公司开始使用通用商品条形码。在这之前，收银员不得不亲手输入商品价格。
时间已经证明，它是一项伟大的发明。据美通社报道，如今，条形码每天被扫描超过60亿次，被全球200万家公司使用。
条形码包含哪些信息，产品来自哪里，去过哪里，它的价格，有效期……你能说出的都有。它还可以帮助商店追踪他们的产品。例如，如果有10箱牛奶，一位顾客买了一箱，它将被记录下来，这样店主就知道还剩9箱牛奶。20世纪80年代，图书馆开始以这样的方式，用条形码来跟踪图书。
 José Maria Bonmati来自西班牙商业协会(AECOC)，她告诉《世界报》：“条形码的产生让库存的控制首次实现了数字化。”
下一代条形码，如二维码，可以保存更多的信息。制定全球条形码标准的组织GS1表示：“它们可以让消费者知道产品是否含有过敏原或者是否是有机的。这使消费者更加信任他们所购买的产品。”

语篇解读
本文介绍了条形码的发展历史、给我们的生活带来的便利以及其所储存的信息。
答案详析
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thisyear, this great invention is 50 years old!"可知，条形码已经有50年的历史了
2. A 段落大意题。通读第四段可知，条形码可以记录信息，也有助于商店盘点库存，故本段主要介绍了条形码的作用。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“lts creation allowed the first digitization in the control of the stock”可知,条形码的产生使库存的控制首次实现了数字化。因此，条形码可以帮助公司更好地管理库存。
4. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They can tell consumers if a product contains allergens or if it is organic. This provides consumers with a greater level of trust in the products they buy"可知，条形码可以告诉消费者产品是否含有过敏原或者是否是有机的，这使消费者对他们购买的产品更放心。故D项“二维码是更加方便消费者的”符合题意。
5. C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Barcode technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores.”可知，条形码的发明使人们的生活更便捷。故选C项。

长难句分析
原句：(第二段第二句)It became the basis for the Universal Product Code,which was used by many grocery companies starting in 1973,according to The New York Times.
译文：据《纽约时报》报道，它成为通用产品代码的基础。从1973年开始，许多食品杂货公司都使用通用产品代码。
分析：这是一个复合句。which was used... starting in 1973 为which引导的非限制性定语从句，对the Universal Product Code进行补充说明。starting in 1973在句中作时间状语。



二、体育与赛事
语篇类型：议论文
词数：271
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：9分钟
正确率：____ /5

Winning medals or not,Chinese athletes (运动员) competing at the Tokyo Olympics have received the highest respect (尊重) and support from fans on social media.
As an example, Chinese star rider Alex Hua Tian finished 25th, failing to win a medal at the Games. However,Hua still received a lot of messages of encouragement and support from fans.His latest post, which includes nine photos of him at the airport leaving Japan, got over 30.000 likes.
However, a recent BBC report said that for Chinese fans, any athlete who doesn't win a gold medal is considered as unpatriotic (不爱国的). Hua didn't agree with this report."As a Chinese athlete who just returned from Tokyo.I find it is not true. I did not win a medal and have had nothing but support from Chinese fans on social media."Hua said.
As another example, Chinese taekwondo（跆拳道）star Zhao Shuai, one of China's flag-bearers at the opening ceremony of the Olympics,failed to defend (保卫) his title and got a bronze medal (铜牌) inTokyo.The hashtags “Zhao Shuai failed to reach final"and“Zhao Shuai won bronze”both became hot topics on social media the day he missed the gold,and many fans said that he should be proud of his efforts.“
Even though Zhao failed to get his second Olympic gold medal in Tokyo.what he stands for has not changed. and he continues to be an example,” said one of his fans.
1. Why didn't Hua agree with the BBC report?
A. He loves the Games very much.
B. He didn't check the news on social media.
C. His fans still gave him a lot of support.
D. His fans didn't care the result of the game.
2. Zhao Shuai won the_____ place at the Tokyo Olympics.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
3. How does the writer support his opinions?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By comparing facts.
C. By raising questions.
D. By giving examples.
4 .What do Hua and Zhao have in common according to the passage?
A. Both of them made it to the finals.
B. Both of them got support from their fans.
C. Both of them used to be Olympic champions.
D. Both of them failed to win a medal at the Games.
5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The real meaning of being patriotic
B. Chinese are more patriotic than before
C. Athletes shine brighter than medals
D. Nothing is more important than medals
译文
不论是否赢得奖牌，参加东京奥运会的中国运动员都在社交媒体上收获了粉丝的高度尊重和大力支持。
例如，中国的明星骑手华天止步于第25名，未能在奥运会上赢得奖牌。但是，华天仍然收到了很多粉丝的鼓励和支持。在最新的帖子中，华天晒出了9张自己在机场的照片，它们是在他离开日本时拍摄的，获得了3万多个赞。
然而，英国广播公司(BBC)最近的一篇报道表示，对中国粉丝来说，任何没有获得金牌的运动员都会被认为是不爱国的。华天并不认同这一报道。华天说：“作为一个刚从东京回来的中国运动员，我知道这不是真的。我没有赢得奖牌，我什么都没有获得，除了社交媒体上中国粉丝的支持。”
还有另一个例子，跆拳道明星赵帅——中国的奥运会开幕式旗手之一——在东京奥运会没能卫冕，只获得一枚铜牌。在他错失金牌的当天，标签“赵帅未能进入决赛”和“赵帅获得了铜牌”同时在社交媒体上成为热门话题，而且，许多粉丝表示，他应该为自己的努力感到骄傲。
他的一位粉丝说：“尽管赵帅未能在东京奥运会上获得他的第二枚奥运金牌，但是他所代表的东西并没有改变，他仍然是一个榜样。”

语篇解读
无论是否赢得奖牌，我们都会尊重奥运健儿。参加东京奥运会的中国运动员也证实了这一点。
答案详析
1. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I find it is not true. I did not win a medal and have had nothing but support from Chinese fans on social media”可知，华天在奥运会期间没有赢得奖牌，但是仍然收到了很多中国粉丝的支持，所以他不同意BBC的那篇报道。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 got a bronze medal 可知,赵帅在东京奥运会获得了铜牌，即第三名的成绩。
3. D 细节理解题。作者举了两个运动员的例子来支持中国奥运健儿无论是否赢得奖牌都能得到尊重的观点。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hua still received a lot of messages of encouragement and support from fans"和第四段中的“many fans said that he should be proud of his efforts"可知，两位运动员虽然都没有获得金牌，但是都得到了粉丝们的支持。
5. C 主旨大意题。本文通过两个例子表明，相对于奖牌，粉丝更加欣赏运动员的精神。故C项符合题意。

长难句分析
原句：（第二段最后一句)His latest post,which includes nine photos of him at the airport leaving Japan got over 30,000 likes.
译文：他最新发布的帖子获得了3万多个赞。该帖子中有他在机场离开日本的9张照片。
分析：这是一个复合句。which includes nine photos of him at the airport leaving Japan为which引导的非限制性定语从句，对His latest post进行补充说明。
三、科普知识
语篇类型：说明文
词数：266
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：8分钟
正确率：_____ /5

Shenzhou XIIastronauts Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming finished their second spacewalk (太空行走）on August 20 outside China's space station. They worked outside the spacecraft (航天器) for about six hours. So, do you want to know more eabout spacewalks? Now,read on!

Why do astronauts go on spacewalks?
Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. Spacewalks let astronauts work outside their spacecraft in outer space. Astronauts can do science experiments on a spacewalk.Spacewalks let them test new equipment.   1   
 
How do astronauts go on spacewalks?
When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits (宇航服) to keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits,astronauts have the oxygen they need to breathe.  2   Astronauts put on their spacesuits several hours before a spacewalk. They leave the spacecraft through a special door. After a spacewalk,astronauts go back inside through the door.

How do astronauts stay safe during spacewalks?
When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety ropes to stay close to their spacecraft. One end is fixed on the space walker and the other end is connected to the spacecraft. The safety ropes keep astronauts from floating (飘浮) away into space.   3   Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER, which is worn like a backpack.If an astronaut were to float away,SAFER would help him or her fly back to the spacecraft.

 4     
One way astronauts train for spacewalks is by going for a swim.   5   Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a large swimming pool. Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虚拟现实）.Astronauts wear a helmet (头盔)with a video screen inside. A video of what they will see during a spacewalk is shown on the screen.
根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
A. They can also repair their spacecraft.
B. How do astronauts train for spacewalks?
C. They also have the water they need to drink.
D. How do astronauts return after a spacewalk?
E. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water.
F. Astronauts train seven hours in the pool every day.
G. They also use them to keep tools from floating away.
1._________   2._________   3._________   4._________   5._________
译文
“神舟”十二号的航天员聂海胜和刘伯明于8月20日在中国空间站外完成了他们的第二次太空行走。他们在航天器外工作了约6个小时。那么，你想要更多地了解太空行走吗？现在，请接着阅读！
为什么航天员要进行太空行走？
航天员进行太空行走的原因有很多。太空行走能让航天员在太空中到航天器的外面工作。航天员可以在太空行走时做科学实验。太空行走还可以让他们测试新设备。他们还可以修理他们的航天器。
航天员如何进行太空中行走？
航天员进行太空行走时，他们穿着宇航服以确保自己的安全。在宇航服里，航天员有呼吸所需的氧气,他们还有需要喝的水。在太空行走前的几个小时，航天员穿上宇航服。他们通过一个特殊的门离开航天器。在太空行走后，航天员通过这个门回到航天器内。
航天员如何在太空行走期间保持安全？
在太空行走时，航天员会用安全绳来与航天器保持较近的距离。安全绳的一端固定在太空行走人员身上，另一端连接在航天器上。安全绳可以避免航天员在太空中飘走。他们还用安全绳来防止工具飘走。宇航员在太空行走期间保持安全的另一种方式是穿戴舱外活动简便救援装置（SAFER），它穿戴起来就像个背包。如果航天员飘走了，SAFER将帮助他或她飞回航天器。
航天员如何为太空行走进行训练？
航天员进行太空行走训练的方法之一是游泳。在太空中飘浮与在水中漂浮非常相似。航天员在一个大型游泳池的水下练习太空行走。航天员进行太空行走训练的另一个方法是使用虚拟现实。航天员戴上内置有视频屏幕的头盔，屏幕显示的视频是他们将要在太空行走时看到的景象。

语篇解读
8月20日，神舟十二号航天员完成了他们的第二次太空行走。本文就太空行走的相关问题进行了解答。
答案详析
1. A 本段介绍了航天员进行太空行走的原因，如进行科学实验和测试新设备。故A项“他们还可以修理航天器”可承接上文，符合语境。
2. C 根据上一句“Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen they need to breathe.”可知，宇航服内有航天员呼吸所需的氧气，故C项ljn6“他们还有需要喝的水”可与之呼应，符合语境。
3. G根据上文内容可知，航天员进行太空行走时确保安全的方法之一是使用安全绳；空前一句“The safety ropes keep astronauts from floating away into space.”指出了安全绳的具体功能，故G项“他们还用安全绳防止工具飘走”可承接上文，符合语境。
4. B 根据下文的“One way astronauts train for spacewalks... Astronauts practice...”可知，本段主要讲述航天员为了能在太空行走而进行的训练。
5. E 根据上一句“One way astronauts train for spacewalks is by going for a swim.”可知，航天员进行太空行走训练的方式之一是游泳；再根据下一句“Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a large swimming pool.”可知，航天员在水下练习太空行走。故E项“飘在大空中与漂在水中很相似”可承上启下，符合语境。

长难句分析
原句：(第四段倒数第二句)Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER,which is worn like a backpack.
译文：航天员在太空行走期间保证安全的另外一种方式是穿戴SAFER，它穿戴起来就像是一个背包。
分析：这是一个复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词a SAFER。主句中的astronauts stay safe during spacewalks 为省略了引导词in which或that的定语从句修饰先行词Another way。




四、主题语境：工作与职业
语篇类型：说明文
词数：279
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
正确率：____ /5

In Thailand, taxis are giving new meaning to the term “roof (顶部）garden”.People are using the roofs of taxis to grow vegetables.
Many taxis in Thailand have lost business during the pandemic. To make better use of them,people have planted vegetables on their roofs.
Workers from two taxi companies built the small gardens.They put soil on the roofs and then planted vegetables such as tomatoes and beans. The result looks more like a work of art than a car parking lot. By doing this,they want to draw people's attention to the difficulty of taxi drivers and operators (经营者)，who have lost much business and money due to the 9pandemic. 99
These days, the two companies only have 500cars left working in the streets of Bangkok. Meanwhile, 2,500 cars are left unused in the parking lot.The streets in the capital have been quiet. This has resulted in a fall in drivers' earnings (收入). 
So，many drivers have walked away and have left the cars in long, silent rows.
In fact. when the pandemic first hit,some drivers gave up their cars and returned to their homes in villages.During the second wave of the corona virus, more have given up and returned their cars to the companies.This has left the taxi companies in great trouble.They have to think of ways to repay loans (贷款) on buying their cars.
The roof gardens do not offer a way to make money. "The vegetable garden is both an act of protest (抗议) and a way to feed my staff during this hard time.”the manager of one of the taxi companies said.
1. Who started to grow vegetables on the roofs of taxis?
A. Taxi drivers.
B. Taxi company operators.
C. Taxi company workers.
D. Parking lot managers.
2. Why were many taxis left in the parking lot?
A. Taxis were not allowed to stay in the streets during the pandemic.
B. Taxi drivers lost their business and money due to the pandemic.
C. Taxi companies failed to pay the loans on buying their cars.
D. Taxi company workers needed them to build small gardens.
3. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Few people go out of their houses.
B. Taxis have been improved a lot.
C. People make less noise in the streets.
D. The drivers have left to plant vegetables.
4.According to the manager, the vegetable gardens were built to
A. make money
B. feed the passengers
C. draw attention
D. make a work of art
5.Where is the text most likely from?
A. A newspaper. 
B. A storybook.
C. A travel guide. 
D. A history book.
译文
在泰国，出租车正在赋予“屋顶花园”一词全新的含义。人们正在用出租车的车顶种菜。
疫情期间，泰国的许多出租车都失去了生意。为了更好地利用它们，人们在车顶上种菜。
两家出租车公司的工作人员建起了这些小花园。他们把土壤放在车顶，然后在车顶种植番茄、豆子等蔬菜。其结果看起来更像是艺术品，而不像是个汽车停车场。通过这样做，他们想让人们关注出租车司机和经营者的困难，他们因疫情失去了大量的生意和收入。
这些天，这两家公司只有500辆出租车留在曼谷的街道上营业。同时，有2500辆出租车被闲置在停车场里。首都的街道现在很安静，这导致了司机收入的下降。因此，许多司机离开了，只把出租车留在长而沉默的队列中。
实际上，在疫情首次来袭时，一些司机就抛下了出租车，回到了农村的家中。在新冠病毒第二次爆发期间，更多的司机放弃了，他们把车还给了公司。这使出租车公司陷入了巨大的困境。他们不得不想办法来偿还购买汽车的贷款。
屋顶花园并未提供一种赚钱的方式。“这种菜园既是一种抗议行动，也是我们在困难时期养活员工的一种方式。”其中一家出租车公司的经理说。

语篇解读
在泰国，出租车公司的工作人员把蔬菜种在了出租车车顶上。这是因为新冠疫情让出租车行业生意惨淡，出租车公司遇到了前所未有的危机。
答案详析
1. C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Workers from two taxi companies built the small gardens.”可知，来自两家出租车公司的工作人员在出租车车顶上种植蔬菜，建造了这样的“车顶菜园”。
2. B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“By doing this, they want to draw people's attention to the difficulty of taxi drivers and operators,who have lost much business and money due to the pandemic.”可知，因为疫情很多司机都失去了生意,再结合第五段内容可知，因为没有生意和收入，很多司机都抛下出租车回到农村，因此很多的车都被停放在停车场里。
3. A推理判断题。根据上下文并结合常识可知，受疫情的影响，很多人都不再出门，很多出租车司机也都抛下出租车并返回老家，街道因此变得很安静。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“By doing this, they want to draw people's attention to the difficulty of taxi drivers and operators”和最后一段中的“The vegetable garden is both an act of protest”可知，出租车公司的工作人员建造“车顶菜园”是一种抗议的表现，他们想让更多的人注意到他们现在正在遭遇的危机。
5. A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了泰国出租车公司在出租车车顶种植蔬菜的新闻，故A项符合题意。

长难句分析
原句：（第三段最后一句）By doing this，they want to draw people's attention to the difficulty of taxi drivers and operators, who have lost much business and money due to the pandemic.
译文：通过这样做，他们想让人们关注出租车司机和经营者的困难，他们因疫情失去了大量的生意和收入。
分析：这是一个复合句。who have lost much business and...the pandemic为who引导的非限制性定语从句，对 taxi drivers and operators 进行补充说明。




五、主题语境：工作与职业
语篇类型：记叙文
词数：271
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：9分钟
正确率：____ /15

Jing Baoshan, 69, lives a quiet life in Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. Jing's given name, “Baoshan” 1  “protecting the mountains "something he seems to have been doing in his life.
In 1970, the then 17-year-old   2   the army and became a soldier. After 17 years, Jing 3 to his hometown in Pinglu and worked as a forest ranger (护林员). He worked there for 25 years until he retired (退休) in2012.   4   his 25 years of service, he worked alone most of the time and met a number of  5 situations. Fighting forest fires was one of them.
In 1999, after finding one fire, he called for 6  from the closest village. As more firemen made their way, Jing and five farmers were 7 the fire when the wind suddenly changed direction. Four of the farmers died. Jing and the surviving farmer were  8  injured (受伤的). He felt very sad for those farmers' deaths and he said that they were one of the  9   why he decided to put the rest of his life into protecting the forest.
 On Oct.1, 2019, he was invited to the ceremony  10   the 70th anniversary (周年纪念) of the founding of the People's Republic of China. He said he would 11 forget it for the rest of his life.
Now, Jing continues to  12   the forest as a volunteer at least once every two weeks.Smart positioning equipment (定位设备) plays a very important role in keeping the rangers  13   today. Jing believes the   14   reflect the country's development. More importantly, he said that people now  15  the importance of a well-protected environment.
1.A. carries 
B. writes 
C. means 
D. reads
2. A. formed 
B. joined 
C.found 
D. visited
3. A.connected 
B. pointed 
C.shouted 
D. returned
4.A. Through 
B. For 
C. Among 
D. During
5. A. funny 
B. strange 
C. dangerous 
D.normal
6. A. help 
B.money 
C.gift 
D. luck
7. A. turning to 
B. looking for 
C. thinking of 
D. fighting against
8.A. sadly 
B. clearly 
C. truly 
D. badly
9.A. reasons 
B. ideas 
C. feelings 
D. secrets
10.A. remembering 
B. celebrating 
C. believing 
D. describing
11. A. never 
B. seldom 
C. hardly 
D. nearly
12. A. repair 
B. clean 
C. check 
D. make
13.A. comfortable 
B. safe 
C. alive 
D. warm
14.A. habits 
B.places 
C. interests 
D. changes
15. A. consider 
B. offer 
C. realize
D. develop
译文
69岁的荆保山在山西省平陆县过着平静的生活。荆保山的名字“保山”的意思是“保护大山”，这似乎是他一生中一直在做的事情。
1970年，时年17岁的他参军成了一名军人。17年后，荆保山回到了他在平陆的家乡，担任护林员。他在那里工作了25年，直到2012年退休。在25年的供职期间里，他大多数时候都是独自工作。他遇到过许多危险情况，抗击森林火灾就是其中之一。
1999年，在发现一处火点后，他向最近的村庄求援。大批消防员还在赶来的路上，荆保山和五位农民正在灭火，这时，风突然改变了方向。四名农民牺牲了，荆保山和一位幸存的农民也受了重伤。他对这些农民的牺牲感到非常难过。他说，他决定将自己的余生投入到森林保护中的原因之一，正是这些牺牲的人。
2019年10月1日，他应邀参加庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的典礼。他说，他这辈子都不会忘记这次经历。
现在，荆保山作为志愿者，继续至少每两周巡查一次森林。如今，智能定位设备在保证护林员安全方面发挥着非常重要的作用。荆保山认为，这些变化反映出国家的发展。他说，更重要的是，人们现在意识到了保护好环境的重要性。

语篇解读
荆保山1987年从部队转业进入平陆县国有林场，2012年退休。这25年间，作为一名护林员，他历经多次危险的情境。即使现在已经退休，他仍然自愿定期去检查林场的情况。
答案详析
1. C根据汉语拼音“Baoshan”和空后的protecting the mountains 可推知，此处是在解释荆保山名字的含义。mean“表示·····的意思”。
2. B 根据空后的“the army and became a soldier"可知.此处表示“参军”，故选joined。
3. D根据空后的“to his hometown in Pinglu”可知，此处指他17年后返回他的家乡。
4. D 根据空后的“his 25 years of service”可知，此处指在25年的工作中。during符合语境。
5. C根据空后的“Fighting forest fires was one of them.”可知.扑灭森林大火是其情况之一。结合常识可知，森林大火是很危险的情况，故可推知，此处指他会遇到许多危险的情况。
6. A 根据下文的描述可知，此处指向最近的村庄求助。
7. D 根据上文的描述可知，他在1999年发现一处火情，此处指他们正在与大火对抗。Turn to“求助于”;look for“寻找”;think of“想起；考虑”；fight against“对抗；斗争”。
8. D 根据空前的“Four of the farmers died.”可知，这场森林大火造成了惨重的伤亡，再结合语境可知，此处指荆保山和另一位幸存的农民受伤严重。
9. A 根据空后的“why he decided to put the rest of his life into protecting the forest”可知，此处指的是他决定将余生投入到保护森林的事业中的原因，why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。
10. B 根据空后的“the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China”可知，此处指庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年。
11. A根据上文可知，荆保山受邀参加庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的典礼，这个经历他永远不会忘记。never符合语境。
12. C根据上文并结合常识可知，护林员的工作是巡逻林场保护森林，此处指他继续检查森林(火灾等情况)。
13. B 根据空前的 Smart positioning equipment并结合常识可知，定位设备可以快速定位护林员的位置，保证护林员的安全。
14. D根据空前的“Smart positioning equipment plays a very important role"并结合全文可知，之前并没有这样的设备，与之前相比，这些变化反映了社会的发展。
15. C 根据空后的“the importance of a well- protected environment"可推知，此处指人们现在意识到保护好环境的重要性。

长难句分析
原句：（第三段最后一句）He felt very sad for those farmers' deaths and he said that they were one of the reasons why he decided to put the res of his life into protecting the forest.
译文：他为那些农民的死感到非常难过，他说这是他决定将余生用来保护森林的原因之一。
分析：这是一个并列复合句。that they were one of the reasons...protecting the forest是that引导的宾语从句，作said的宾语；在该宾语从句中,why he decided to put the rest of his life into
protecting the forest是why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。




















六、主题语境：著名人物
语篇类型：记叙文
词数：220
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
正确率：____ /10

根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Xu Yuanchong, China's most famous translator, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on Thursday,June 17th,2021.
B  1  on April 18, 1921 in Jiangxi, China.Xu is famous for translating Chinese ancient poems into English and French. He devoted(致力) his life to translation for more than 60 years. For him,translated literature(文学) is“a b  2  art for all the world".
His academic career (学术生涯) b  3  during his college years when he studied at the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, southwest China's Yunnan Province. In 1939, he published(发表) an English translation of a poem w  4  by Lin Huiyin titled Don't Cast Away. It is now k  5  as his earliest work.
Xu spent a few years in France s  6  French literature in the late 1940s. He then
r  7   to China after graduation and gave all his a  8  and effort to translation ever since. Xu was the first Chinese to translate Chinese poetry into English and French in rhyme.
“The greatest joy is to be with the people you like and do w  9  you like to do. The greatest joy on the earth is to i  10 the beauty created by a people to the whole world," Xu once said.
1._________   
2._________   
3._________  
4._________   
5._________
6._________ 
7._________   
8._________   
9._________   
10._________
译文
2021年6月17日，星期四，中国最著名的翻译家许渊冲先生在北京逝世，享年100岁。许渊冲于1921年4月18日出生在中国江西。他以将中国古诗词译成英文和法文而闻名。六十余载春秋，他把自己的生命全都奉献给了翻译事业。对他来说，翻译文学是“献给全世界的美丽艺术”。
他的学术生涯始于大学期间。当时，他就读于中国西南部云南省昆明市内的国立西南联合大学。1939年，他翻译并发表了林徽因的《别丢掉》，这被认为是他最早的作品。
20世纪40年代末，许渊冲在法国学习法国文学，度过了几年的时间。毕业后，他回到了中国。从那时起，他将自己全部的注意力和精力都放在了翻译上。
许渊冲是第一个将中国诗歌翻译成英语和法语韵文的中国人。
许渊冲曾说：“最大的快乐是和你喜欢的人在一起，做你喜欢做的事。而世上最大的快乐是把一个民族创造的美介绍给整个世界。”

语篇解读
许渊冲是中国近代著名的翻译家，致力于翻译事业60余载。2021年6月17日，许渊冲先生在北京逝世，享年100岁。
答案详析
1. Born根据空后的日期和首字母提示可知，此处指许渊冲出生于1921年4月18日。故填Born。
2. beautiful 分析句子结构可知，所填词作定语修饰名词art，结合首字母和语境可知，此处指对于他来说翻译文学是一种美丽的艺术，故填beautiful。
3. began 此处指他的学术生涯在大学期间开始。本句描述的是过去发生的事情，故填begin的过去式began。
4. written 此处指1939年，许渊冲翻译并发表了林徽因写的名为《别丢掉》的诗。此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语，结合首字母可知，应填written。
5. known此处指这被认为是他最早的作品。be known as“被认为是·…·”，为固定搭配，故填known。
6. studying根据语境及首字母提示可知，此处指他在法国待过几年，学习法国文学。Spend some time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，为固定用法，故填studying。
7. returned 根据空后的to China 及首字母提示可知，此处指他在毕业后回到中国。本句描述的是过去发生的事情，故填return的过去式 returned。
8. attention 根据空后的effort及首字母提示可知，此处指毕业后，他将自己全部的注意力和精力放在翻译上，故填attention。
9. what/whatever 分析句子结构可知，所填词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作do的宾语。结合语境可知，此处指做你想做的，故填 what或 whatever。
10. introduce 根据空后的“the beauty created by a people to the whole world"及首字母提示可知，此处指把一个民族创造的美介绍给全世界。空前的to是不定式符号，故填introduce。



























八、主题语境：个人情况
语篇类型：记叙文
词数：247
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
正确率：____ /5

When Wang Deshun made waves in the fashion industry as a model in his late 70s, many people thought he had reached his apex (顶点). However, the 85-year-old showed them that he was still flying.
Wang took flight in Beiiing's Miyun district in a SW100light aircraft (轻型飞机）on Aug. 17,2021. During the course of the flight,he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake(接受)flight training in China.
“I've been dreaming of flying for more than 50 years, so I thought I should learn to fly a plane. I thought I could do this,"Wang said. "It's never too late to realize your dream,"he added."Age has never been a problem.Just do it.”
This was not the first time Wang had wowed people. Born in a rural (农村的) family in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. in 1936. Wang started his career as a bus conductor (售票员) and then a factory worker. In 1960, he became an actor and appeared in films such as Brave Journey to Northeast and Miss Granny.
Wang kept challenging himself all his life. At 44, he learned English and at 50, he began fitness training. He learned to ride a horse at 65. to ride a motorbike at 78. and hit the catwalk(T型台) at 79, when he took part in Beijing Fashion Week and rose to fame on social media(社交媒体). And at 85, he finally realized his dream of flying a plane.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. What did Wang do during the course of the flight?

2. What does the underlined word“this” refer to?

3. What jobs did Wang ever do? (List at least two)

4.How old was Wang when he took up fitness training?

5. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?


译文
 当王德顺在将近80岁的时候作为一名模特在时尚界引起轰动时，很多人认为他已经达到了巅峰。然而，这位85岁的老人向他们证明了他仍然在飞翔。
2021年8月17日，王德顺在北京密云区驾驶一架SW100轻型飞机飞上了蓝天。在飞行过程中，他独立完成了转弯和爬升，成了中国接受飞行训练的人中最年长的人。
王德顺说：“50多年来，我一直梦想着飞行，所以我想我应该学习驾驶飞机。我认为我可以做到这件事。”“实现梦想永远不会太晚，”他补充道，“年龄从来都不是问题。只管做就是了。”
这并不是王德顺第一次让人惊叹。1936年，王德顺出生于辽宁省沈阳市的一个农村家庭。他的第一份工作是公共汽车售票员，之后又当了工厂工人。1960年，他成为一名演员，出演了《闯关东》和《重返20岁》等影片。
王德顺一生都在不断挑战自己。44岁时，他学习英语；50岁时，他开始健身；65岁时，他学习骑马：78岁时，他学着骑摩托车。79岁时，他走上T台，参加了北京时装周并在社交媒体上声名鹊起。在85岁时，他终于实现了驾驶轻型飞机的梦想。

语篇解读
44岁开始学英语，50岁开始健身，79岁走上T台…·谁能想到。2021年8月17日.85岁的王德顺驾驶着轻型飞机圆了自己的“蓝天梦”。他的多彩人生也得到了许多人的关注。
答案详析
1. He completed turns and climbs on his own.根据第二段第二句中的“During the course of the flight,he completed turns and climbs on his own”可知，在飞行过程中，王德顺独立完成了拐弯和爬升。
2. Flying a plane. 根据画线词所在句的上一句可知，王德顺梦想飞行已经有50多年了，他认为自己应该去学习驾驶飞机，由此可推断，此处指他认为他能学会驾驶飞机。故此处的this指的是驾驶飞机这件事情。
3.A bus conductor,a factory worker and an actor.根据第四段的内容可知.王德顺曾经做过公共汽车售票员、工厂工人，还有演员。
4. He was 50 years old. 根据最后一段第二句中的“at 50,he began fitness training”可知，王德顺50岁时开始健身。
5. It's never too late to realize your dream./It's never too late to do/learn something. 通读全文可知，年龄没有束缚住王德顺追逐梦想的脚步，85岁的他仍然可以驾驶着轻型飞机翱翔天空。他用自己的经历告诉我们：什么时候开始实现梦想都不晚。（开放性题目，答案合理即可）

长难句分析
原句：（第一段第一句)When Wang Deshun made waves in the fashion industry as a model in his late70s, many people thought he had reached his apex.
译文：当王德顺在将近80岁的时候作为一名模特在时尚界引起轰动时，很多人认为他已经达到了巅峰。
分析：这是一个复合句。When...the fashion industry as a model in his late 70s是when引导的时间状语从句;主句中的he had reached his apex为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作thought的宾语。







九、主题语境：动物
语篇类型：说明文
词数：260
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
正确率：____ /5

The Australian Koala Foundation says Australia has lost about 30 percent of its koalas over the past three years. The non-profit (非营利) group says droughts (干旱)，wildfires and development projects played a part in the drop in the koala population. They are strongly advising the government to do more to protect the animal's environment.
The group guesses the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from more than 80,000 in 2018. The biggest decrease is in the state of New South Wales, where the number of koalas has dropped by 41 percent. Deborah Tabart, leader of the Australian Koala Foundation, called the drop “quite dramatic”.Only one area in the study is thought to have more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas are believed to have as few as five or ten.
Tabart said the country needs a koala protection law. She added, “What we worry about is places like western New South Wales where droughts have lasted for over ten years. Now, the effect is beginning to show up—river systems completely dry and red gum trees (红桉树)，which are the lifeblood of koalas,are dead.”
The loss in New South Wales likely sped up after large forest areas were destroyed (毁坏) by wildfires in late 2019 and early 2020. Some of those areas already had no koalas. Land clearing by building developers and road builders has also destroyed the koala's environment.
“I think everyone gets it, and we've got to change.But if those building-machines keep working, then I really fear for the koalas,”Tabart said.
1. What did the group advise the government to do?
A. Save koalas from dying out.
B. Stop all development projects.
C. Put out the wildfire immediately.
D. Provide enough water for koalas.
2. What does the underlined word “dramatic” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Exciting. 
B. Surprising.
C. Relaxing. 
D. Interesting.
3. How does the writer tell us about koalas' situation in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving examples.
C. By asking questions.
D. By analyzing facts.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to Tabart?
A. New South Wales is the only place they care about.
B. The rivers and red gum trees are influenced by the koalas.
C. Australia needs to make a law to protect the koalas.
D. Everyone understands that building- machines should stop working.
5. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Some are hunting koalas in Australia.
B. Koalas in Australia are in great danger.
C. Development has put koalas in danger.
D. Everyone should take actions to protect Koalas.
译文
澳大利亚考拉基金会表示，在过去的三年间，澳大利亚失去了约30%的考拉。该非营利组织表示，干旱、野火和开发项目是考拉数量减少的一部分原因。他们强烈建议政府采取更多的措施来保护考拉的生存环境。
该组织估计，考拉的数量已经由2018年的8万多只减少到今年的不足 5.8万只。减少幅度最大的是新南威尔士州，那里的考拉数量减少了 41%。Deborah Tabart是澳大利亚考拉基金会的主席，她称这种减少“非常令人吃惊”。研究发现只有一个地区被认为有超过5000只的考拉。据信一些地区只有5或10只考拉了。
Tabart表示，该国需要制定一部考拉保护法。她补充说：“我们担心的是像新南威尔士州西部这样已经干旱了10多年的地方。现在，干旱的影响已经开始逐步显现——河流系统完全干涸，考拉赖以生存的红桉树也枯死了。”
在大面积的森林地区于2019年底和2020年初被野火毁坏后，新南威尔士州的损失可能更加严重了。其中有些地区早已没有考拉了。建筑开发商和道路建设者进行的土地清理也毁坏了考拉的生存环境。
Tabart说：“我想每个人都知道这个情况，而且我们必须做出改变。但如果这些建筑机器继续工作，那我真的很为考拉担心。”

语篇解读
澳大利亚是考拉的故乡，但是近三年考拉数量急剧下降，它们的命运着实让人担忧。有关组织呼吁政府尽快采取措施来保护考拉。

答案详析
1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Australian Koala Foundation says Australia has lost about 30 percent of its koalas over the past three years.”和最后一句“They are strongly advising the government to do more to protect the animal's environment.”可知，在过去三年间，澳大利亚失去了大约30%的考拉.这个组织强烈建议政府采取更多措施保护它们的环境。由此可知，这个组织建议政府采取措施来保护考拉，防止它们灭绝。
2. B词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the number of koalas has dropped by 41 percent"可知，考拉数量减少了41%，这个速度是十分惊人的，故surprising与画线词意思相近。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from more than 80.000 in 2018”“the number of koalas has dropped by 41 percent" 及“Only one area...have more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas are believed to have as few as five or ten.”可知，作者通过列举一些数据来说明考拉目前的状况。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Tabart said the country needs a koala protection law.”可知，Tabart认为澳大利亚需要制定法律来保护考拉。
5. B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章一开始指出澳大利亚的考拉在过去三年里数量急剧下降，接下来通过列举数据的方法指出考拉目前的状况不容乐观，故B项“澳大利亚考拉处境危险”可概括文章大意。

长难句分析
原句：（第三段第二句）She added，“What we worry about is places like western New South Wales where droughts have lasted for over ten years...”
译文：她补充说：“我们担心的是像新南威尔士州西部这样已经干旱了十多年的地方··……”
分析：引号内是一个复合句。What we worry about为what引导的主语从句，作整个句子的主语；where droughts have lasted for over ten years为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词western New South Wales。




















十、主题语境：交通运输方
语篇类型：说明文
词数：227
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
正确率：____ /5


Delivery workers (快递员）usually deliver things by car or motorbike. But in a village called Lehde in Spreewald, Germany, they deliver things by boat.
Spreewald is an area known for its traditional irrigation system (灌溉系统). It has more than 200 small canals(水道)with a total length of 1,300kilometers.This means there are almost as many canals in the area as roads!
Post-delivery by boat in Lehde has a 124-year-oldtradition and for most locals, it is a part of their everyday life. In the winter months,post in Lehde is delivered by Postbus.However,long distances need to be covered on foot.sometimes over bridges and stairs because of the special geography of the area.
A few days ago, postal worker Andrea Bunar started her tenth year as a boat delivery“driver".In the mornings, the 50-year-old lady first delivers to customers in Lübbenau by Postbus. Around noon she turns to her yellow boat. Every day, she rows 8kilometers and delivers things to about 65 families. She delivers everything, such as letters,large parcels（包裹)and even an apple tree. Strong arms are really needed to carry out her tasks: Parcels can weigh up to 31.5 kilograms.
To celebrate the lady's efforts and the 124-year-old tradition of water delivery, Deutsche Post has issued (发行）a stamp featuring Andrea and her boat.
1.In Lehde, people usually use____to deliver things.
A.car B. motorbike C. bus D. boat
2.What can we know about Spreewald from Paragraph 2?
A. It is famous for traditional farming.
B. Canals cover most parts of this area.
C.It is easy to travel around here by water.
D. The winter in Spreewald is long and cold.
3. When did Andrea Bunar start to work as a boat delivery“driver”?
A few days ago. B. Ten years ago. C. In her 40s. D. In her 50s.
4. What can we know according to the passage?
A. Roads are not available for people in Lehde.
B. There are more than 1.300 canals in Spreewald.
C. Andrea Bunar has got many prizes for her great efforts.
D. Delivery workers must be strong enough to do the work.
5. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To tell us a special way to deliver things.
B. To show us a beautiful town in Germany.
C. To describe the hard life of delivery workers.
D. To introduce a delivery worker—Andrea Bunar.
译文
快递员通常开汽车或摩托车投递物品。但是在德国施普雷瓦尔德的一个名叫Lehde的村子里，快递员用船运送物品。
施普雷瓦尔德是一个以传统灌溉系统而闻名的地方。这里有200多条小型水道，总长度可达1300公里。这意味着该地区的水道几乎与公路一样多！
在Lehde村，用船投递物品有124年的传统。对大多数当地人来说，这是他们日常生活的一部分。在冬季的几个月里，Lehde村的邮件是用邮车运送的。然而，由于该地区地理环境特殊，远距离投递需要靠步行，有时还要过桥和爬台阶。
几天前，邮递员Andrea Bunar开始了她工作的第十个年头。早上，这位50岁的女士先开着邮车给Lübbenau的客户投递物品。中午时分，她会转而开始用她的黄色小船。每天，她要划8千米，为大约65个家庭运送物品。她什么都能投递，比如信件、大包裹，甚至是苹果树。要完成她的工作，需要十分强壮的手臂：包裹的重量最高可达31.5公斤。
为了表彰这位女士的付出和庆祝有124年历史的水运传统，德国邮政发行了一枚印有Andrea和她的船的邮票。

语篇解读
德国的Spreewald拥有200多条水道，总长度超过1300千米。那里有一个名叫 Lehde的村子，这个村子用船运送物品已有124年的历史。
答案详析
1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But in a village called Lehde in Spreewald. Germany,they deliver things by boat."可知，在Lehde村，人们用船运送物品。
2. C推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，Spreewald水道繁多，水上交通发达，由此可推知，在这里坐船旅行很方便。
3. C细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“A few days ago, postal worker Andrea Bunar started her tenth year as a boat delivery‘driver'.In the mornings, the 50-year-old lady first delivers to customers in Lübbenauby Postbus.”可知，Andrea Bunar现在50岁，几天前开始了她工作的第10个年头，故可推知她在40多岁时开始从事这份工作。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Strong arms are really needed to carry out her tasks:Parcels can weigh up to 31.5 kilograms.”可知，要想做这项工作，快递员必须足够强壮。
5. A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在Lehde这个地方，人们用船运送物品的事情，故A项符合题意。

长难句分析
原句：（最后一段）To celebrate the lady's efforts and the 124-year-old tradition of water delivery, Deutsche Post has issued a stamp featuring Andrea and her boat.
译文：为了表彰这位女士的付出和庆祝有124 年历史的水运传统，德国邮政发行了一枚印有Andrea 和她的船的邮票。
分析：这是一个简单句。动词不定式短语To celebrate the lady's...water delivery在句中作目的状语；现在分词短语featuring Andrea and her boat在句中作stamp的后置定语。