Unit 4（培优卷） ——2022-2023学年六年级下学期英语单元卷（牛津上海版）（原卷版+解析版）

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Unit4 Staying healthy（A卷·基础夯实）（解析版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．It took her ________ to finish her homework last night.
A．two and a half hours B．two hour and a half
C．two hours past half D．two and a half hour
【答案】A
【详解】句意：昨晚她花了两个半小时完成家庭作业。
考查时间的表达法。“两个半小时”有两种说法：two hours and a half或two and a half hours，结合选项可知，只有选项A正确。故选A。
2．Which of the following words matches the sound /fi:ld/?
A．feed B．field C．fed D．find
【答案】B
【详解】句意：以下哪个单词的发音是/fi:ld/？
考查单词的读音。feed的音标是/fi:d/；field的音标是/fi:ld/；fed的音标是/fed/：find的音标是/faind/。因此可知field的音标与所给出的音标一致。故选B。
3．Qu Yuan loved his country very much. The king always took ________ advice.
A．his B．he C．her D．him
【答案】A
【详解】句意：屈原非常热爱他的祖国。皇帝总是采纳他的建议。
考查动词辨析。his他的；he他；her她的；him他。advice是名词，所以空处应用形容词性物主代词，屈原是男性，应用his，故选A。
4．I am going to write to my friend in America, ________ I lost his address.
A．and B．so C．but D．because
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我打算给我在美国的朋友写信，但我把他的地址弄丢了。
考查连词辨析。and和，表示并列关系；so因此，强调结果；but但是，表示转折；because因为，表示原因，引导原因状语从句。前后属于转折关系，所以应该填写“but”。故选C。
5．— You look tired. You should have a rest now.
— ________.
A．Thank you for your advice B．Never mind C．Take it easy D．I’m sorry
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你看起来很累，你现在应该休息一下。——谢谢你的建议。
考查情景交际。Thank you for your advice谢谢你的建议；Never mind没关系；Take it easy别紧张；I’m sorry对不起。根据上文“You should have a rest now.”可知，这里要感谢对方的提醒和建议。故选A。
6．Are you looking for something fun to read? The underlined part means “________”.
A．useful B．interesting C．important D．necessary
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你在找有趣的书吗？下划线部分表示“有趣的”。
考查形容词辨析。useful有用的；interesting有趣的；important重要的；necessary有必要的。fun表示“有趣的”，和interesting同义，故选B。
7．You shouldn’t shout too loudly, ________ you have a sore throat.
A．because B．so C．but D．however
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你不应该喊得太大声，因为你喉咙痛。
考查连词辨析。because因为；so因此；but但是；however然而。“you have a sore throat”是“You shouldn’t shout too loudly”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
8．— Why do I always have a cold?
— Because you ________ enough sports.
A．haven’t B．don’t have C．hadn’t D．doesn’t have
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——为什么我总是感冒？——因为你没有足够的运动。
考查否定句。have sports“进行体育锻炼”，根据“Why do I always have a cold?”可知，是一般现在时，主语是“you”，否定句用“助动词don’t+动词原形”。故选B。
9．— Which T-shirt is yours, Mary?
— ________. One is for my brother, and the other is for my sister.
A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——玛丽，哪件T恤是你的？——都不是。一个是给我弟弟的，另一个是给我妹妹的。
考查代词辨析。Either二者之一；Neither两者都不；Both两者都；All三者及以上都。根据“One is for my brother, and the other is for my sister.”可知，两件都不是玛丽的。故选B。
10．—________ do you visit the city library?
—Once or twice a year.
A．How long B．How many C．How often D．How far
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你多久去一次城市图书馆？ ——一年一两次。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长，多久；How many多少；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据“Once or twice a year.”可知，此处问频率，用How often提问。故选C。

二、短文选词填空
Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次）
A．After all B．included C．surprised D．create E. Above all
The Art of Lego Bricks（乐高积木）Have you played with Legos when you are little? You might have used them to build some small-sized objects, but an artist called Nathan Sawaya has used Lego bricks to ____11____ life-size art. Since it began in 2007. Nathan’s exhibition “The Art of the Brick” has been very popular with museum visitors everywhere.
Nathan Sawaya’s “The Art of the Brick” exhibition was on display in New York City last December. The show ____12____ more than 100 sculptures（雕塑）built by Sawaya. ____13____, the ideas of all his works were from nature, art and everyday objects. A life-size bike? 20-foot-long dinosaur skeleton? Believe it or not, they were all made of Lego pieces! Visitors were very ____14____ to see them!


【答案】11．D    12．B    13．E    14．C

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了乐高积木艺术和内森·萨瓦亚的“乐高积木的艺术”展览。
11．句意：你可能用乐高积木制作过一些小物件，但一位名叫内森·萨瓦亚的艺术家用乐高积木创作了真人大小的艺术品。根据“Nathan Sawaya has used Lego bricks to”和“life-size art”可知，内森·萨瓦亚用乐高积木创作了真人大小的艺术品。选项D“创造”符合语境。故选D。
12．句意：展览包括萨瓦亚创作的100多件雕塑。根据“Nathan Sawaya’s “The Art of the Brick” exhibition was on display in New York City last December”和“more than 100 sculptures（雕塑）built by Sawaya”可知，展览包括萨瓦亚创作的100多件雕塑。选项B“包括”符合语境。故选B。
13．句意：最重要的是，他所有作品的思想都来自自然、艺术和日常用品。结合语境和“the ideas of all his works were from nature, art and everyday objects”可知，最重要的是，他所有作品的思想都来自自然、艺术和日常用品。选项E“最重要的”符合语境。故选E。
14．句意：游客们看到它们都很惊讶。根据“Visitors were very”和“to see them”可知，空格处应用一个形容词。选项C“吃惊的”符合语境。故选C。

三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
15．Our school ________ a Christmas party yesterday.（hold）
【答案】held
【详解】句意：我们学校昨天举办了一个圣诞晚会。根据“yesterday”可知，是一般过去时的时间状语，谓语用动词过去式，hold的过去式held，故填held。
16．Go straight ahead and take the ________ turn on your left.（three）
【答案】third
【详解】句意：一直往前走，第三个路口向左拐。根据“take the +序数词+turn 在第……路口”为固定搭配， three序数词是third，故填third。
17．We should have enough exercise to stay ________ .（health）
【答案】healthy
【详解】句意：我们应该有足够的锻炼来保持健康。health健康，名词；“stay”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，与health所对应的形容词是healthy“健康的”，故填healthy。
18．John can play the piano ________. (wonder)
【答案】wonderfully
【详解】句意：约翰钢琴弹得非常好。根据“play the piano”可知，此处用副词wonderfully“极好地”修饰动词。故填wonderfully。
19．Mike swims ________ a week to keep fit. (two)
【答案】twice
【详解】句意：迈克每周游泳两次以保持健康。“two”二，基数词；根据空格后面的“a week”，可知这里表示一段时间中做某事的频率，因此应填入“two”的副词形式twice，表示“两次”。故填twice。
20．These girls love ________ kites after school.（fly）
【答案】flying
【详解】句意：这些女孩喜欢放学后放风筝。love doing sth“喜欢做某事”，故填flying。

四、句型转换
Rewrite the following sentences as required.
21．Susan has a good time on her birthday every year.（改为否定句）
Susan ___________a good time on her birthday every year.
22．It’s forty minutes’ ride from the office to my home.（对划线部分提问）
__________is it from the office to your home?
23．Helen never gets angry with her students.（改为反义疑问句）
Helen never gets angry with her students, _____________________?
24．It takes Sandy over two hours to bake raisin scones.（保持原句意思）
Sandy ___________over two hours ___________raisin scones.
25．We had pleasant weather during autumn outing.（改为感叹句）
__________weather we had during autumn outing!
26．suburbs, they, in, they, live, life, a, peaceful, when, the, live（连词成句）
___________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】21．doesn’t have    22．How far    23．does she    24．     spends     baking/ on    25．What pleasant    26．They live a peaceful life when they live in the suburbs.

【解析】21．原句是一般现在时；has为实义动词，变否定句应用助动词的否定形式don’t/ doesn’t，主语“Susan”是单数，故用doesn’t；助动词后接动词原形，故has改为have。故答案：doesn’t have。
22．由题干可知，画线部分表示从办公室到家的距离，故用“how far多远”提问，句首单词要大写。故答案：How far。
23．反意疑问句一般遵循“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”的原则。陈述部分带有never, seldom, hardly, few, little等否定词时，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。此句陈述部分含有否定词never，故附加疑问部分用肯定形式；陈述部分是一般现在时，gets为实义动词，主语“Helen”是单数，故用助动词does；主语“Helen”是女名，应用代词she代替。故答案：does she。
24．原句句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”表示花费某人一些时间做某事。改为同义句也应是一般现在时；主语是Sandy，表示人，故用spend some time on/doing sth.（花费一些时间做某事）。主语Sandy是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故答案：spends，baking/ on。
25．感叹句由what和how引导；从句子后面向前看，找到“we had during autumn outing”部分，把句子断开；剩余部分weather为不可数名词，故用 what引导，其结构为：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语＋其他！。故答案：What pleasant。
26．when当……时，引导时间状语从句；they他们，作主语；live居住，动词，作谓语；in the suburbs 在郊区；故从句应是：when they live in the suburbs。分析主句，they他们，作主语；live a peaceful life过平静的生活，动词短语；故主句应是：they live a peaceful life；句首单词要大写。故答案：They live a peaceful life when they live in the suburbs.。

五、阅读单选
Dear Tom,
Thanks for your letter. Do you want to know about my evening? Well, I usually get home from work at 6: 00 p. m. I cook dinner for my family — my parents, my sister and my brother. After dinner, I usually watch TV, play computer games or play chess. I like playing chess because my father works in a chess club. I take a shower at around nine o’clock and then go to bed at around nine thirty. Sometimes I read some books because I can learn something about my work.
How about your evening? Write to me soon, please.
Best wishes!
Yours.
Victor
27．When does Victor get home from work?
A．At 6: 00 a. m. B．At 6: 00 p. m C．At 9: 00 a. m. D．At 9: 30 p. m.
28．Victor’s family has _________ people.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
29．What doesn’t Victor do in the evening?
A．Watch TV. B．Play computer games. C．Play the piano. D．Play chess.
30．Where does Victor’s father work?
A．In a chess club. B．In a swimming club. C．At a school. D．At a bookstore.
31．The letter is mainly（主要地）about _________.
A．Victor’s work B．Victor’s evening C．Victor’s family D．Victor’s dinner

【答案】27．B    28．D    29．C    30．A    31．B

【导语】本文是Victor给Tom的一封信，在信中Victor介绍了他晚上通常做些什么。
27．细节理解题。根据短文中“Well, I usually get home from work at 6: 00 p. m.”可知，Victor通常在下午6点下班回到家。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据短文中“I cook dinner for my family — my parents, my sister and my brother. ”可知，Victor的家里有他的父母、他的妹妹和弟弟，一共有五口人。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据短文中“After dinner, I usually watch TV, play computer games or play chess.”可知，晚饭后，Victor经常看电视、玩电脑游戏或者下棋，没有提到弹钢琴，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据短文中“I like playing chess because my father works in a chess club”可知，Victor的父亲在一个象棋俱乐部工作。故选A。
31．主旨大意题。根据短文中“Do you want to know about my evening”可知，Victor在信中介绍了他晚上经常做些什么。故选B。

六、完形填空
阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
My day starts at 6:30 a. m. on school days. I get up and __32__ a shower before breakfast. I usually eat a __33__ breakfast. I have a lot in the morning—three pieces of bread, some fruit and a cup of milk. At half __34__ seven I take a bus and get to school at 8:00 a. m. I study five days a __35__, from Monday to Friday. I have __36__ classes a day, four in the morning and three in the afternoon. I like Chinese and music __37__ of all the subjects, but I can only speak a little Chinese. My Chinese teacher always helps me __38__ my Chinese. I like all my teachers. __39__ are great. I eat lunch at 12 o’clock in our school. My classes __40__ at 4:20 p. m. Then I do my homework. On weekends, I ___41___ a music club. I can sing and play the drums well. I think it’s really interesting.
32．A．make B．take C．clean D．help
33．A．good B．late C．busy D．funny
34．A．past B．to C．from D．in
35．A．month B．week C．year D．minute
36．A．five B．six C．seven D．eight
37．A．best B．good C．well D．too
38．A．at B．with C．on D．to
39．A．They B．We C．Ours D．Theirs
40．A．teach B．work C．finish D．run
41．A．draw B．play C．join D．need

【答案】
32．B    33．A    34．A    35．B    36．C    37．A    38．B    39．A    40．C    41．C

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的学校生活。
32．句意：我起床，在早餐前洗个澡。
make制造；take带走；clean打扫；help帮助。take a shower“洗澡”，固定搭配，故选B。
33．句意：我通常早餐吃得很好。
good好的；late迟的；busy忙碌的；funny搞笑的。根据“I have a lot in the morning—three pieces of bread, some fruit and a cup of milk”可知，早餐吃得很好，故选A。
34．句意：在七点半，我乘公共汽车，早上8点到学校。
past过；to到；from从；in在里面。根据“get to school at 8:00 a. m”可知，七点半乘坐公共汽车，然后八点到校，故选A。
35．句意：我一周学习五天，从星期一到星期五。
month月份；week星期；year年；minute分钟。根据“from Monday to Friday”可知，一个星期学习五天，故选B。
36．句意：我一天有七节课，上午四节，下午三节。
five五；six六；seven七；eight八。根据“four in the morning and three in the afternoon”可知，一天七节课，故选C。
37．句意：在所有科目中我最喜欢语文和音乐，但我只会说一点中文。
best最好；good好的；well好地；too也。like...best“最喜欢”，固定搭配，故选A。
38．句意：我的语文老师总是帮助我学习语文。
at在；with带有；on在上面；to到。help sb with sth“帮助某人做某事”，固定搭配，故选B。
39．句意：他们都很棒。
They他们；We我们；Ours我们的；Theirs他们的。此空指代前文提到的teachers，且此空在句中作主语，应填they，故选A。
40．句意：我的课下午4:20结束。
teach教；work工作；finish完成；run跑步。根据“classes…at 4:20 p. m.”可知，这是课程结束的时间，故选C。
41．句意：在周末，我参加了音乐俱乐部。
draw画画；play玩；join加入；need需要。根据“a music club”及“I can sing and play the drums well.”可知，加入音乐俱乐部，故选C。

七、短文首字母填空
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。
The Second World War had begun, and John w____42____ to join the army, but he was only 16 years old, and boys were allowed to join only if they were o____43____ eighteen. So when the army d____44____ checked him, he said that he was eighteen. But John’s brother had joined the army a few days before, and t____45____ same doctor had checked him too. This doctor remember the older boy’s family n____46____, so when he saw John’s papers, he was surprised, “How old are you?” he said. “E____47____, sir,” said John. “But your brother was eighteen, too,” said the doctor. “Are you twins?” “Oh, no sir,” said John, and his f____48____ went red. “My brother is five months older than I am.”

【答案】42．(w)anted    43．(o)ver    44．(d)octor    45．(t)he    46．(n)ame    47．(E)ighteen    48．(f)ace

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，二战开始了，16岁的约翰想要参军，但是年龄不够，他便谎称自己18岁。但是医生恰好是给18岁的哥哥检查的医生，约翰撒谎说哥哥比自己大五个月。
42．句意：第二次世界大战开始了，约翰想参军，但他只有16岁，当时规定男孩要到18岁以上才能入伍。根据“and John w...to join the army”可知，约翰想参军，want“想要”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)anted。
43．句意：第二次世界大战开始了，约翰想参军，但他只有16岁，当时规定男孩要到18岁以上才能入伍。根据“and boys were allowed to join only if they were o...eighteen”可知，超过18岁才可以参军，over“超过”符合语境。故填(o)ver。
44．句意：所以当军医给他做检查时，他说他十八岁。根据“So when the army d...checked him”可知，军医给他检查，doctor“医生”符合语境。故填(d)octor。
45．句意：但是约翰的哥哥几天前刚入伍，同一个医生也给他做过检查。the same“相同的”，故填(t)he。
46．句意：这位医生记得大男孩的姓，所以当他看到约翰的文件时，他很惊讶，“你多大了？”根据“his doctor remember the older boy’s family n...”可知，军医记得男孩的姓，family name“姓”符合语境。故填(n)ame。
47．句意：“十八岁，先生，”约翰说。根据前文可知，年满18岁才可以参军，eighteen“十八”符合语境，句首需大写首字母。故填(E)ighteen。
48．句意：“哦，不，先生，”约翰说，他的脸变红了。根据“and his f...went red”可知，撒谎会脸红，face“脸”符合语境。故填(f)ace。

八、阅读回答问题
As a young man, Alan was a skilled artist with a wife and two fine sons. One night, his elder son developed a bad stomachache. Thinking it was only some common intestinal(肠的) disorder, neither Alan nor his wife took the condition very seriously. But the boy died suddenly that night.
Since he thought the death was caused by his carelessness, he always felt guilty. To make matters worse, his wife left him a short time later, leaving him alone with his six-year-old younger son. The hurt and pain of the two situations were more than Alan could stand, and he turned to alcohol for help. Soon Alan became an alcoholic(嗜酒者), so Alan began to lose everything he owned—his land, house, etc. Finally, Alan died alone in a small bar. When I heard of Alan’s death, I thought, “What a totally wasted life! What a complete failure!”
As time went by, I began to revalue my earlier rough judgment I knew Alan’s now adult son Erie. He is one of the kindest, most caring, most loving men I have ever known. I saw the love between Ernie and his children, thinking that kindness and caring had to come from somewhere.
I hadn’t heard Ernie talked much about his father. One day, I worked up my courage to ask him what on earth his father had done so that he became such a special person. Ernie said quietly. “As a child until I left home at 18, my father came into my room every night, gave me a kiss and said. ‘I love you, son.’ ”
Tears came to my eyes as I realized what I had been a fool to judge Alan as a failure. He had not left any material wealth behind, but he was a “real” father in his son’s heart.
49．Did Alan and his wife take their son’s stomachache seriously?
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50．How did Alan feel after his elder son died suddenly?
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51．Why did Alan begin to lose what he had had?
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52．What made Ernie such a kind and caring person?
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53．When did the writer change his judgment about Alan?
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54．What did the writer think of Alan as a father in the end? Give the reason.
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【答案】49．No, they didn’t.    50．He felt guilty./Guilty.    51．Because he turned to alcohol for help. Because Alan became an alcoholic./Because he was addicted to alcohol.    52．His father’s love./His father’s kiss and words.    53．After he talked with Ernie/After he learned the face/truth/when Ernie told the writer what his father had done.    54．Although he got depressed after his elder son’s death, he still loved his younger son in his way./ Because his son became one of the kindest most caring, and most loving men.

【导语】本文讲述了Alan的家庭的不幸变故使得他最后酗酒而死，作者认为Alan是世界上最差劲的父亲，但是最后从Alan的小儿子那里了解了Alan之后，作者后悔了自己的想法。
49．根据“One night, his elder son developed a bad stomachache. Thinking it was only some common intestinal(肠的) disorder, neither Alan nor his wife took the condition very seriously.”可知，Alan和他的妻子并没有认真对待儿子的胃痛，故填No, they didn’t.
50．根据“Since he thought the death was caused by his carelessness, he always felt guilty.”可知，因为他认为死亡是由于他的粗心造成的，他总是感到内疚，故填He felt guilty./Guilty.
51．根据“Soon Alan became an alcoholic(嗜酒者), so Alan began to lose everything he owned—his land, house, etc.”可知，不久，Alan就变成了酒鬼，他开始失去自己的一切——土地、房子等等，故填Because he turned to alcohol for help./Because Alan became an alcoholic./Because he was addicted to alcohol.
52．根据“Ernie said quietly. ‘As a child until I left home at 18, my father came into my room every night, gave me a kiss and said. ‘I love you, son.’ ’ ”可知，是他父亲的爱（每天晚上的吻和对他说的话）让Ernie成为一个如此善良和有爱心的人，故填His father’s love./His father’s kiss and words.
53．根据“...Tears came to my eyes as I realized what I had been a fool to judge Alan as a failure. He had not left any material wealth behind, but he was a “real” father in his son’s heart.”可知，在他和Ernie谈过之后，在他了解真相之后，他改变了对Alan的判断，故填After he talked with Ernie/After he learned the face/truth/when Ernie told the writer what his father had done.
54．根据“...Tears came to my eyes as I realized what I had been a fool to judge Alan as a failure. He had not left any material wealth behind, but he was a ‘real’ father in his son’s heart.”可知，作者认为Alan是一个真正的父亲，因为他的儿子成为了世界上最善良、最有爱心、最有爱心的男人之一。他用自己的方式影响着他的小儿子，故填Although he got depressed after his elder son’s death, he still loved his younger son in his way./Because his son became one of the kindest most caring, and most loving men.

九、书信作文
55．假如你是Peter的好朋友Li Lei，你听说Peter近来因为考试而忙碌，并且得了重感冒，头疼得厉害。请你给他写封信，建议他去看医生，并告诉他要注意身体。要求：70词左右。
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【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
I’m sorry to hear that you have a bad cold and a headache. I think you should go to a doctor and take some medicine. I know these days you are very busy studying for the exams, but you should look after yourself well. It is important for everyone to be healthy. If you want to study better, you must keep in good health. I hope you’ll feel better soon.
Yours,
Li Lei
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封书信，属于书信作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点明写信目的，引出话题；
第二步，先提出生病要看医生的建议，并告诉他要注意身体，可列举具体的事例；
第三步，表达祝愿并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①be busy doing sth忙于做某事
②keep in good health保持健康
[高分句型]
①I’m sorry to hear that you have a bad cold and a headache.（that引导宾语从句）
②I know these days you are very busy studying for the exams, but you should look after yourself well.（but连接两个并列分句；省略引导词that引导的宾语从句）
③It is important for everyone to be healthy.（it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语）