2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区高二年级上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区高二年级上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共29页。

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers ging t d first?
A Play tennis. B. G jgging. C. Take a walk.
2. Hw did the wman learn t make bread?
A Frm her friend. B. Frm her mther. C. Frm a ckbk.
3. What d we knw abut Grace?
A. She was held up in traffic.
B. She gt ff wrk early.
C. Her car brke dwn.
4. What are the speakers ding?
A. Having dinner.
B. Preparing fr a party.
C. Making cld drinks.
5. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a barber’s. B. At a tailr’s. C. At a clthing shp.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Brther and sister. C. Husband and wife.
7. What will Tina d next?
A. Buy sme flwers. B. Make a cake. C. Decrate the rm.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What seasn is it nw?
A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter.
9. What des the wman dislike abut the green sweater?
A. Its clr. B. Its style. C. Its material.
10. What is the riginal price f the blue sweater?
A. $ 64. B. $ 80. C. $ 100.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What des Pat think f skiing?
A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Frightening.
12. Why is the wman unwilling t try t ski?
A. She’s wrried abut getting hurt.
B. She thinks it’s t difficult.
C. She finds it quite bring.
13. What will Pat ffer t d fr the wman?
A. Teach her t ski.
B. Intrduce a persnal trainer.
C. Ask abut skiing curse infrmatin.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Wh studied in Harvard University?
A. James. B. The wman. C. James’ brther.
15. What made James g t the graduatin ceremny early?
A. The limited seats. B. The heavy traffic. C. The rare tickets.
16. Why did the wman feel upset at her graduatin ceremny?
A. It wasn’t big enugh.
B. Her parents didn’t attend it.
C. She had t be apart frm her classmates.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Cllege graduatin ceremny.
B. Imprtance f parental invlvement.
C. The histrical backgrund f Harvard University.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is Stella McCartney?
A. A designer. B. A hstess. C. A reprter.
19. What did Stella McCartney say abut Minnie?
A. Minnie had been a symbl f prgress.
B. Minnie was imprtant in her heart.
C. Minnie’s lk was cmmn.
20. When did the limited T-shirt cllectin begin t sell?
A. On March 7th. B. On March 8th. C. On March 30th.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Flicks: 6-9 p.m, NRG Plaza, Patrit Place, Fxbrugh. Take a lawn chair and see a free utdr mvie. Pre-shw entertainment n the plaza. Mvie begins at dusk. Tday: “Angry Birds Mvie.”
Fr infrmatin: 618-374-583
Original Eastn Farmer’s Market: 10 a.m. t 2 p.m., S-Curve n Dept Street near Shaw’s, Eastn. Saturdays thrugh Oct. 28. Lts f summer vegetables and berries, breads and ther baked gds. Fr a full list f sellers and items fr sale, check ut the Original Eastn Farmers Market n the twn’s website.
Fr infrmatin: 617-698-5757
Making sterling silver jewelry: 10 a.m. t 4 p.m., Queset Huse, 51 Main St., Nrth Eastn. While there is n training, Eastn resident and lng-time silver jewelry maker Burt Lewis will help yu get started with infrmatin n tls and equipment needed and mre. N appintment needed.
Fr infrmatin: 508-238-2000
King Richard’s Faire: weekends, Sept. 2-Oct. 22, at 235 Main St., Carver. Open n Saturdays and Sundays as well as tw hliday Mndays: Sept. 4 and Oct. 9. The New England Renaissance festival ffers perfrmers, artisans, games and rides, fd and drink and mre. Gates pen frm 10:30 a.m. t 6 p.m.. Admissin: $16 fr children ages 4-11; $32 each adult (age 12 and up).
Fr infrmatin: 508-866-5391
1. Where can yu find sme entertainment free f change?
A. In Summer Flicks.
B. In King Richard’s Faire.
C. In Making sterling silver jewelry.
D. In Original Eastn Farmer’s Market.
2. Which number shuld yu call if yu are interested in handwrk?
A. 618-374-583B. 617-698-5757
C. 508-238-2000D. 508-866-5391
3. Hw much shuld he pay if a teacher with tw students aged 10 attends the King Richard’s Faire?
A. $48.B. $64.C. $80.D. $96.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一则广告。提供了4个活动的内容、参加时段、联系方式等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Summer Flicks: 6-9 p.m, NRG Plaza, Patrit Place, Fxbrugh. Take a lawn chair and see a free utdr mvie.(Summer Flicks:晚上6-9点，NRG广场，爱国者广场，福克斯堡。找把躺椅，看一场免费的户外电影。)”中的free可知,在Summer Flicks:可以找到免费的娱乐项目。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Making sterling silver jewelry部分“ 10 a.m. t 4 p.m., Queset Huse, 51 Main St., Nrth Eastn. While there is n training, Eastn resident and lng-time silver jewelry maker Burt Lewis will help yu get started with infrmatin n tls and equipment needed and mre. (上午10点至下午4点，北伊斯顿主街51号奎斯特大厦。虽然没有培训，但伊斯顿居民和长期银饰制造商伯特·刘易斯将帮助您入门，提供所需的工具和设备等信息。)”可知，Making sterling silver jewelry需要工具和设备，因此推断属于手工活，根据“Fr infrmatin: 508-238-2000”可知，电话号码是 508-238-2000。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据King Richard’s Faire:中的“Admissin: $16 fr children ages 4-11; $32 each adult (age 12 and up).(门票：4-11岁儿童16美元；成人（12岁及以上32美元）)”可知,2个10岁孩子花费$32，一个大人$32，总计$64。故选B。
B
A crwd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned ff his mtrbike engine after cmpleting a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-ld left Lndn n April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s cmmercial center Lags n Sunday after travelling mre than 8,000 miles acrss 13 cuntries. He started the impressive jurney t raise funds fr Rtary Internatinal t deal with pli (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria.
Accmpanied by a dzen bikers fr the last stretch f the jurney frm the Republic f Benin, Adeyanju was welcmed by supprters in Ikeja, in central Lags. Adeyanju, called “Lin Heart” by fans, wn ppularity amng the public by psting daily pictures with cmments abut his jurney n scial media. At every stp alng the way, he was greeted by enthusiastic (热情的) supprters.
He did face sme challenges, like the ne in Mali where ne f his wheels brke. “I was standing in the middle f the night, alne in a bush, nt knwing what t d, withut speaking the language,” he said, explaining he had t walk t the nearest village. “Frtunately, the lcals helped me.” Nt all f the challenges he faced were slved smthly. “Mauritania, a cuntry in nrthwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,” he said, after he gt rbbed f hundreds f eurs. “The wrst experience,” he added.
The frmer Shell emplyee self-funded his trip with $20,400 in savings, hping t raise up t $48 millin fr Rtary Internatinal. “I have been suffering frm a lack f sleep lately because I slept nly three t fur hurs per night. But I feel prud because I finished this challenge,” Adeyanju said just after he arrived, wiping the sweat ff his face. Adeyanju added that he is nw planning t have a pssible cycling trip t Ghana r a bike ride t Israel t help raise mre funds. And he has anther dream: t climb Munt Qmlangma.
4. Why did Adeyanju g n the 41-day trip?
A. T challenge himself.B. T help peple fight pli.
C. T cnnect with mre peple.D. T advertise Rtary Internatinal.
5. Hw did Adeyanju becme ppular during the jurney?
A. By using the title “Lin Heart”.
B. By cmmenting n ther bikers’ jurneys.
C. By sharing his experiences nline.
D. By shwing his deep lve fr his hmetwn.
6. What happened t Adeyanju in Mauritania?
A. He gt lst in the bush.B. He met with crime.
C. He failed t understand the lcals.D. He brke his mtrbike.
7. Which wrds can best describe Adeyanju?
A. Caring and determined.B. Reliable and utstanding.
C. Generus and brilliant.D. Ambitius and cnfident.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。为了给国际扶轮社筹集在他的家乡尼尔利亚应对小儿麻痹症的资金，Kunle Adeyanju成功完成了从伦敦到拉各斯的摩托车骑行。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He started the impressive jurney t raise funds fr Rtary Internatinal t deal with pli (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria.(他开始了一段令人印象深刻的旅程，为国际扶轮社在其祖国尼日利亚的小儿麻痹症筹集资金。)”可知，Adeyanju进行为期41天的旅行是为了给国际扶轮社筹集在他家乡尼日利亚应对小儿麻痹症资金。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Adeyanju, called 'Lin Heart' by fans, wn ppularity amng the public by psting daily pictures with cmments abut his jurney n scial media. (Adeyanju被粉丝们称为“狮心”，他每天在社交媒体上发布旅途照片和评论，在公众中广受欢迎。)”可知，Adeyanju每天都在社交媒体上发布旅行照片和评论，从而赢得了公众的喜爱。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Mauritania, a cuntry in nrthwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,’ he said, after he gt rbbed f hundreds f eurs. ‘The wrst experience,’ he added.(“毛里塔尼亚，非洲西北部的一个国家，‘糟糕透了’，”他在被抢劫数百欧元后说。“最糟糕的经历，”他补充道。)”可知，Adeyanju的钱在毛里塔尼亚被抢了，这让他觉得在那里的经历很糟糕。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“A crwd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned ff his mtrbike engine after cmpleting a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-ld left Lndn n April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s cmmercial center Lags n Sunday after travelling mre than 8,000 miles acrss 13 cuntries. He started the impressive jurney t raise funds fr Rtary Internatinal t deal with pli (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria.(Kunle Adeyanju结束了41天的劳累旅行，在他关掉摩托车引擎时，人群欢呼起来。这位44岁的男子于4月19日离开伦敦，于周日抵达尼日利亚商业中心拉各斯，此前他穿越了13个国家，行程超过8000英里。他开始了令人印象深刻的旅程，为国际扶轮社筹集资金，在他的祖国尼日利亚对付小儿麻痹症。)”和倒数第二段的“He did face sme challenges, like the ne in Mali where ne f his wheels brke. (他确实遇到了一些挑战，比如在马里，他的一个轮子坏了。)”可知，为了给国际扶轮社筹集资金在他家乡尼日利亚应对小儿麻痹症，Adeyanju进行了为期41天的骑行，由此可知，他是一个关心他人、乐于助人的人。在骑行中虽然遇到了一些困难，但他没有放弃，由此可知，他是一个意志坚定的人。故选A。
C
Six peple are abut t find ut what it wuld be like t live n Mars—withut ever leaving the Earth.
Three men and three wmen will spend eight mnths living in a special habitat n the side f a vlcan in Hawaii. They are part f an experiment being dne by NASA (Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin) that is designed t mimic (模仿) life n Mars.
Sme peple may becme unhappy r bred living under thse cnditins. Certain persnality types may nt get alng, and living tgether fr a lng time culd cause them t argue.
By studying peple living in similar cnditins here n Earth, NASA hpes t learn hw t chse the best peple fr a space missin, and hw t help them get alng.
The crew (全体工作人员) will live in a tw-stry dme-shaped (圆顶形) building. The dme is lcated in an area abut 2,400 metres up the side f Mauna La, the secnd biggest vlcan in the wrld. Mauna La is an active vlcan, but it has nt erupted since 1984. It is mnitred all the time fr signs f vlcanic activity. NASA chse the lcatin because the envirnment there lks very similar t Mars.
During the experiment, the crew will nly be able t cmmunicate by email. T make it mre like being n Mars, there will be a 20-minute waiting time between the time a message is sent and when it is received. That means it will take 40 minutes t get a reply t an email.
The crew will be perfrming scientific wrk while they are there, including sme trips utside the dme. When they g utside, they will have t wear spacesuits, just as if they were n Mars.
The cmmander f the crew is Martha Leni, a 34-year-ld Canadian. Leni studied engineering and is interested in space explratin and envirnmental prblems. During the missin, she will run experiments n grwing fd and making cmpst (堆肥) inside the dme.
The ther crewmembers have backgrunds in physics and astrnmy. They were chsen frm abut 150 peple wh applied t take part in the experiment. Nne f them are astrnauts.
8. What is the main purpse f the experiment?
A. T study peple’s behavir.
B. T cmplete a challenging task.
C. T get familiar with ur natural wrld.
D. T prepare vlunteers fr life n Mars.
9. When living in a grup, vlunteers shuld _________.
A. try t shw their wn persnality
B. learn t get alng with each ther
C. have n chance t g utside
D. cmmunicate by phne
10. What can we learn frm the text?
A. Martha Leni used t be an astrnaut.
B. The experiment will take abut tw years.
C. All six members have prfessinal backgrunds.
D. All members will run experiments n grwing fd.
11. Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A. A travel magazine.
B. A science magazine
C. A bilgy textbk.
D. A gegraphy textbk.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个NASA在进行的关于模拟火星生活的实验。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Three men and three wmen will spend eight mnths living in a special habitat n the side f a vlcan in Hawaii. They are part f an experiment being dne by NASA (Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin) that is designed t mimic life n Mars.(三男三女将在夏威夷一座火山边上的一个特殊栖息地生活8个月。他们是美国国家航空航天局正在进行的模拟火星生命实验的一部分)”可知，这项实验中邀请了6位志愿者参与模拟在火星的生活，由此可推知，该实验的目的应是让志愿者为火星生活做准备。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段和第四段内容“Certain persnality types may nt get alng, and living tgether fr a lng time culd cause them t argue. By studying peple living in similar cnditins here n Earth, NASA hpes t learn hw t chse the best peple fr a space missin, and hw t help them get alng.(某些性格类型的人可能无法相处，长时间住在一起可能会导致他们争吵。通过研究地球上生活在类似条件下的人们，NASA希望了解如何为太空任务选择最优秀的人，以及如何帮助他们相处)”可知，在这个实验里，志愿者们需要学习与他人彼此相处。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第八段和第九段内容“Leni studied engineering and is interested in space explratin and envirnmental prblems.(莱尼奥学的是工程学，对太空探索和环境问题很感兴趣)”以及“The ther crewmembers have backgrunds in physics and astrnmy.(其他队员都有物理学和天文学背景)”可知，6个志愿者都具有专业背景。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Three men and three wmen will spend eight mnths living in a special habitat n the side f a vlcan in Hawaii. They are part f an experiment being dne by NASA (Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin) that is designed t mimic life n Mars.(三男三女将在夏威夷一座火山边上的一个特殊栖息地生活8个月。他们是美国国家航空航天局正在进行的模拟火星生命实验的一部分)”可知，文章主要讲述了一个NASA在进行的关于模拟火星生活的实验，由此可推知，文章应该来自于科学杂志。故选B项。
D
“One f the reasn I find this tpic very interesting is because my mm was a smker when I was yunger,” says Lindsn-Hawley, wh studies tbacc and health at the University f Oxfrd.
By studying abut 700 adult smkers, she fund ut that mm quit the right way-by stpping abruptly and cmpletely.
In her Study, participants were randmly(随机地) assigned t tw grups. One had t quit abruptly n a given day, ging frm abut a pack a day t zer. The ther cut dwn gradually ver the curse f tw weeks. Peple in bth grups used nictine replacement, like gum r spray. They als had talk therapy(疗法) with a nurse befre and after quit day.
Six mnths later, mre peple wh had quit abruptly had stuck with it--mre than ne-fifth f them, cmpared t abut ne-seventh in the ther grup. Althugh these numbers appear lw, it is much higher than if peple try withut supprt.
And the quit rates were particularly cnvincing given that befre the study started, mst f the peple had said they’d rather cut dwn gradually befre quitting. “If yu’re training fr a marathn, yu wuldn’t expect t turn up and just be able t run it. And I think peple see that fr smking as well. They think, ‘Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice,’” says Lindsn-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead f giving peple practice, the gradual reductin likely gave them addictin and withdrawal symptms(脱瘾症状) befre they even reached the day, which culd be why fewer peple in that grup actually made it t that pint. “Regardless f yur stated preference, if yu’re ready t quit, quitting abruptly is mre effective,” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When yu can qute a specific number like a fifth f the patients were able t quit, that’s acceptable. It gives them the encuragement, I think, t really g fr it,” Ferreira says.
Peple rarely manage t quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the dds f success.
12. What dse Lindsn-Hawley say abut her mther?
A. She quit smking with her daughter’s help
B. She was als a researcher f tbacc and health
C. She studied the smking patterns f adult smkers
D. She succeeded in quitting smking abruptly
13. What kind f supprt did smkers receive t quit smking in Lindsn-Hawley’s study?
A. They were given physical training
B. They were ffered nictine replacement
C. They were encuraged by psychlgist
D. They were lked after by physicians
14. Hw des Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result f Lindsn-Hawley’s experiment?
A. It is encuragingB. It is unexpected
C. It is impracticalD. It is misleading
15. Take the idea f “a marathn” (Para.5) as an example t shw that quitting smking .
A. is smething few can accmplishB. requires a lt f patience
C. needs sme practice firstD. is a challenge at the beginning
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】牛津大学的Lindsn-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者，因此他现在研究这一课题。通过研究700名成年的吸烟者，她发现逐步戒烟有可能会更能使人上瘾甚至出现脱瘾症状。而突然戒烟更有效。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的信息可得出Lindsn-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者，第二段中她发现她的母亲有效地戒烟了，而且戒地很突然、很彻底。A、B、C选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句话，提到两组志愿者在戒烟前除了使用nictine replacement(尼古丁替代疗法)之外，还使用nictine patches尼古丁贴片(一种戒烟贴)。他们还在戒烟前后接受护士的talk therapy(谈话治疗)。结合定位信息及四个选项的意思，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第五段后半部分Dr. Gabriela Ferreira的引语部分，其中她提到“It gives them the encuragement, I think, t really g fr it.”得知Dr. Gabriela Ferreira认为Lindsn-Hawley的研究结果令人鼓舞，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第2行以及上下文，可确定本题在文中的定位信息处为“And I think peple see that fr smking as well. They think, ‘well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice’.”由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需要一些练习， A、B、D选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。故选C。
【点睛】
4.C【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。答案需要从文章的第五段第2行以及上下文， And I think peple see that fr smking as well. They think, ‘well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice’进行推断。
【答案定位】根据第五段第2行以及上下文，可确定本题在文中的定位信息处为“And I think peple see that fr smking as well. They think, ‘well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice’.”由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需要一些练习，
【推理关系】题干Take the idea f “a marathn” (Para.5) as an example t shw that quitting smking .☞文章内容And I think peple see that fr smking as well. They think, ‘well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice’.”
【答案】if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice’☞C选项needs sme practice first
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
At any mment, yu r smene arund yu culd experience an injury r an illness. In this case, yu need t prvide basic medical care fr yurself r the persn. This is knwn as first aid. Using basic first aid, yu may be able t stp a small accident frm getting wrse. ___16___
In sme cases, first aid cnsists f the initial (最初的) supprt prvided fr smene in the middle f a medical emergency. ___17___ In ther cases, first aid cnsists f the care prvided fr smene with a small injury. Fr example, first aid is ften what is needed t treat burns, cuts and insect stings (蜇伤). And if yu cme acrss an emergency situatin, fllw these three basic steps:
Check the scene fr danger. Lk fr anything that might be dangerus, like signs f fire r falling pieces. If yur safety is at risk, remve yurself frm the area and call fr help.___18___ Dn’t mve them unless yu must d s t prtect them frm danger.
___19___ If yu suspect the sick r injured persn needs emergency medical care, tell a nearby persn t call 911 r the lcal number fr emergency medical services. If yu’re alne, make the call yurself.
Prvide care. If yu can d s safely, remain with the sick r injured persn until prfessinal help arrives. ___20___ If yu have basic first-aid skills, try t treat any life-threatening injuries they have. Remve yurself frm danger if at any pint in the situatin yu think yur safety might be at risk.
A. Call fr medical help, if needed.
B. Prvide emergency medical services.
C. This supprt might help them survive until prfessinal help arrives.
D. If the scene is safe, assess the cnditin f the sick r injured persn.
E. In the case f a serius medical emergency, yu may even save a life.
F. Cver them with a warm blanket, cmfrt them and try t keep them calm.
G. If they have difficulty breathing, lsen any clthing arund their chest and neck.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是遇到紧急情况时要遵循的三个基本步骤。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Using basic first aid, yu may be able t stp a small accident frm getting wrse.(使用基本的急救方法，你就可以阻止一个小事故的恶化。)”推知，空格处应该说急救还有什么作用，E选项“In the case f a serius medical emergency, yu may even save a life.(在严重的医疗紧急情况下，你甚至可以挽救一条生命。)”说明了急救也许还可以救一条命，在空前内容的基础上进一步说明急救的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In sme cases, first aid cnsists f the initial (最初的) supprt prvided fr smene in the middle f a medical emergency.(在某些情况下，急救包括在医疗紧急情况中为某人提供的初步帮助。)”推知，空格处应该承接空前内容，说明这种初步帮助有什么作用，C选项“This supprt might help them survive until prfessinal help arrives.(这种帮助可能会帮助他们撑到专业救援到来。)”说明了这种初步帮助所起的作用，因此符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“If yur safety is at risk, remve yurself frm the area and call fr help.(如果您的安全受到威胁，请离开该区域并寻求帮助。)”推知，空格处应该说如果现场是安全的应该干什么，D选项“If the scene is safe, assess the cnditin f the sick r injured persn.(如果现场安全，评估病人或伤者的情况。)”说明了如果现场安全该做什么，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“If yu suspect the sick r injured persn needs emergency medical care, tell a nearby persn t call 911 r the lcal number fr emergency medical services.(如果你怀疑病人或伤者需要紧急医疗护理，告诉附近的人拨打911或当地紧急医疗服务电话。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要寻求医疗帮助，A选项“Call fr medical help, if needed.(如有需要，请寻求医疗帮助。)”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Prvide care. If yu can d s safely, remain with the sick r injured persn until prfessinal help arrives.(提供关心。如果安全的话，待在病人或伤者身边，直到专业人员到来。)”推知，空格处应该继续说怎么为病人或伤者提供关心，F选项“Cver them with a warm blanket, cmfrt them and try t keep them calm.(用温暖的毯子盖住他们，安慰他们，尽量让他们保持冷静。)”是为病人或伤者提供关心的具体做法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Carl Allamby grew up in a pr African American neighbrhd. As a child, pursuing his dream is ____21____ but easy fr him. His schl didn’t ffer the advanced science classes that might have led him n the path t ____22____. Even it had, ding well in schl culd prve dangerus. There were ften times they wuld be attacked fr ____23____ the class. As a result, he ____24____ the thught f becming a dctr.
At age 19, he started wrking alne in a garage. Over the years it had ____25____ int tw shps, but Carl was ____26____ fr smething mre. S at 34, he went fr his bachelr’s degree in business management and he was ____27____ he had t take bilgy t get his degree.
It turned ut that it was the ____28____ thing t have happened. Bilgy class reawakened a childhd dream he had ____29____ smewhere deep within himself. Determined t accmplish his dream, he skipped business ____30____ the science classes fr a secnd career. “It was ____31____ t becme a dctr at arund 50. I wuld ____32____ becme a nurse, r a physician assistant.” Carl reasned.
But Carl’s chemistry prfessr ____33____ him after class ne day and talked him ut f that thught.
He was right. Carl did well in all his curses. And s in 2015, he cut ____34____ with his past, selling his tw shps and everything in them. In 2019, at 47, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. The wrld may have ____35____ him arund nce r twice, but it didn’t defeat him.
“Hw many peple can d smething s ____36____ at such a late stage in their life?” he says. “I fit s many demgraphics (人口统计数据) that ____37____ yu shuldn’t be a dctr. ____38____ it’s because f my age, my race, my upbringing, r my career, these are all gd ____39____ suggesting I shuldn’t be here. And ____40____ here I am.”
21. A. nthingB. everythingC. smethingD. anything
22. A. businessB. physicsC. medicineD. bilgy
23. A. tppingB. skippingC. missingD. resisting
24. A. wrte dwnB. set asideC. came up withD. gt dwn t
25. A. narrwedB. declinedC. grwnD. shrunk
26. A. hpefulB. srryC. desperateD. grateful
27. A. infrmedB. warmedC. cnvincedD. advised
28. A. veryB. leastC. lastD. best
29. A. lstB. hiddenC. madeD. lived
30 A. in praise fB. in memry fC. in need fD. in favr f
31. A. crazyB. clC. wrthwhileD. admirable
32. A. hweverB. indeedC. insteadD. therwise
33. A. spttedB. stppedC. scldedD. seized
34. A. tiesB. prfitsC. businessD. memries
35. A. drppedB. kissedC. swallwedD. kncked
36. A. ridiculusB. brand-newC. ambitiusD. straight-frward
37. A. calculateB. writeC. reprtD. say
38. A. IfB. WhenC. WhetherD. While
39. A. reasnsB. tipsC. prfsD. examples
40. A. sB. yetC. thenD. still
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。卡尔·阿拉姆比在一个贫穷的非裔美国人社区长大，艰苦的不利条件让他童年时放弃了当医生的梦想，但是在34岁攻读企业管理学士学位时被要求学习生物学，这让他重燃了儿时的梦想，并在47岁时卡尔·阿拉比成为卡尔·阿拉比医学博士。
【21题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，追求他的梦想对他来说绝不容易。A.nthing没有什么，没有一件东西；B.everything一切；C.smething某事，某物；D.anything任何事物。根据后文“His schl didn’t ffer the advanced science classes”(他的学校不提供高级科学课程)可知，追求他的梦想对他来说绝不容易。anything but意为“根本不，决不”。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的学校没有提供可能会引导他走上医学道路的高级科学课程。A.business商业；B.physics物理学；C.medicine医学；D.bilgy生物。根据后文“the thught f becming a dctr”(成为医生的想法)可知，此处是指可能会引导他走上医学道路。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常因为名列前茅而受到攻击。A.tpping居……之首；B.skipping跳过，略过；C.missing错过；D.resisting阻挡，抵制。根据前文“ding well in schl culd prve dangerus”(在学校表现好可能会有危险)可知，此处指他们经常因为名列前茅而受到攻击。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果，他放弃了当医生的念头。A.wrte dwn写下；B.set aside把……抛在脑后；C.came up with提出；D.gt dwn t着手处理。根据上文“His schl didn’t ffer the advanced science classes that might have led him n the path t medicine. Even it had, ding well in schl culd prve dangerus. There were ften times they wuld be attacked fr tpping the class. ”可推知，此处是指在诸多不利条件下，他放弃了当医生的念头。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它已经发展成两家商店，但卡尔渴望得到更多。A.narrwed使缩小，压缩；B.declined减少；C.grwn发展，增加；D.shrunk收缩。根据“int tw shps”可知，此处是指发展成两家商店。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它已经发展成两家商店，但卡尔渴望得到更多。A.hpeful满怀希望的；B.srry抱歉的，惭愧的，歉疚的；C.desperate渴望的；D.grateful感激的。根据后文“he went fr his bachelr’s degree in business management”(他攻读了企业管理学士学位)可知，此处是指卡尔渴望得到更多。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在34岁的时候，他去攻读工商管理学士学位，他被告知他必须学习生物学才能获得学位。A.infrmed通知；B.warmed温暖；C.cnvinced使确信，使信服；D.advised建议。根据后文“he had t take bilgy t get his degree”可知，此处是指他被告知他必须学习生物学才能获得学位。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这是发生的最好的事情。A.very同一的，恰好的，正是的；B.least最少的；C.last最后的；D.best最好的。根据后文“Bilgy class reawakened a childhd dream”(生物课重新唤醒了一个童年的梦想)可知，此处是指这是发生的最好的事情。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生物课重新唤醒了他童年时隐藏在内心深处的一个梦想。A.lst丢失；B.hidden隐藏；C.made制作；D.lived生活。根据“deep within himself”可知，此处是指隐藏在内心深处的一个梦想。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了实现自己的梦想，他放弃了商业，改上科学课，开始了第二职业。A.in praise f歌颂；B.in memry f纪念；C.in need f需要；D.in favr f支持。根据“fr a secnd career”可知，此处是指放弃了商业，改上科学课。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在50岁左右成为一名医生是件疯狂的事。A.crazy疯狂的；B.cl凉的，凉爽的；C.wrthwhile重要的，有益的，值得做的；D.admirable令人钦佩的，极其出色的。根据后文“becme a nurse, r a physician assistant”(成为一名护士或医生助理)和“Carl reasned”(卡尔理智地想)再结合语境可知，此处是指卡尔认为想在50岁左右成为一名医生是件疯狂的事。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我会成为一名护士或医生助理。A.hwever但是；B.indeed确实；C.instead反而；D.therwise否则。根据“becme a nurse, r a physician assistant”和“becme a dctr”可知，此处是讲卡尔认为相反自己会成为一名护士或医生助理。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，卡尔的化学教授在课后叫住了他，并劝他打消了这个念头。A.sptted看见，注意到；B.stpped使停下；C.sclded责备；D.seized抓住，捉住。根据后文“talked him ut f that thught”可知，此处是指卡尔的化学教授在课后叫住了他。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，在2015年，他切断了与过去的联系，卖掉了他的两家店铺和其中的一切。A.ties联系；B.prfits利润；C.business商业；D.memries记忆。根据后文“selling his tw shps and everything in them”可知，此处是指他切断了与过去的联系。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界也许会击倒他一两次，但它不会打败他。A.drpped投，丢；B.kissed亲吻，接吻；C.swallwed吞下，咽下；D.kncked碰撞，碰倒。根据“but it didn’t defeat him”可知，此处是指这个世界也许会击倒他一两次。故选D项。
36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有多少人能在生命的后期做一些全新的事情呢？A.ridiculus可笑的，荒谬的；B.brand-new全新的；C.ambitius有抱负的，野心勃勃的；D.straight-frward直接的。根据前文“he cut ties with his past, selling his tw shps and everything in them”可知，此处是指在生命的后期做一些全新的事情。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人都说你不应该当医生。A.calculate计算；B.write写；C.reprt报告；D.say说。根据“yu shuldn’t be a dctr”可知，此处是指数据说他不应该当医生。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：无论是因为我的年龄、种族、成长环境，还是我的职业，这些都是我不应该来这里的充分理由。A.If如果；B.When当；C.Whether不管，无论；D.While尽管。“”意为“不管……还是……”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是因为我的年龄、种族、成长环境，还是我的职业，这些都是我不应该来这里的充分理由。A.reasns理由；B.tips建议；C.prfs 证明，证据；D.examples例子。根据“it’s because f my age, my race, my upbringing, r my career”可知，此处是讲这些都是“我”不应该来这里的充分理由。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我在这里。A.s所以；B.yet然而；C.then当时；D.still仍然。根据前文“I shuldn’t be here”和后文“here I am”可知，此处是指然而“我”在这里。故选B项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diet and way f life are ften a prblem fr teenagers.___41___, the gd news is that yu can feel better, lk better and have mre energy if yu eat the right fd and exercise ____42____(regular).
A healthy diet alng with regular exercise ___43___(be) prbably the nly way t becme fit. Diets are useless in the lng term, yet abut 20% f teenagers say they have tried ging n___44___ diet and have been fled int nt eating meals t cntrl their weight.
As a teenager, it is imprtant t give yur bdy the energy it needs. Exercise is smething ___45___can help t make yu lk gd, feel gd and keep healthy. Many teenagers are surprised t learn that when yu exercise, yur bdy prduces sme chemicals that make yu feel ___46___(peace) and relaxed and increase yur ability___47___ (cncentrate) when yu study.
A gd amunt f sleep every night is als imprtant t yur health. When yu sleep, yur bdy prepares yu ___48___ the day t cme. As a matter f fact, the ___49___(lse) f sleep can make yu lk tired.
If yu fllw the suggestins abve, yu will lk and feel much ___50___ (gd) in n time at all!
【答案】41. Hwever
42. regularly
43. is 44. a
45. that 46. peaceful
47. t cncentrate
48. fr 49. lss
50. better
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲的是健康的饮食、适当的锻炼、充足的睡眠才是让你的身体充满精力的正确方法。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，好消息是，如果你吃正确的食物并经常锻炼，你会感觉更好，看起来更好，更有精力。根据空前a prblem和空后的the gd news可知，前后两句是转折关系，空格处用表转折的hwever，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Hwever。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，好消息是，如果你吃正确的食物并经常锻炼，你会感觉更好，看起来更好，更有精力。空格处用副词修饰动词exercise，regular的副词是regularly，意为“经常地”，故填regularly。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：健康的饮食加上有规律的锻炼可能是保持健康的唯一方法。alng with连接并列主语时，谓语动词根据前面的主语来定，“A healthy diet”是单数，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是is，故填is。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，节食是没有用的，但约20%的青少年表示，他们曾尝试节食，却被骗到不吃饭来控制体重。g n a diet是固定短语，意为“节食”，因此空格处是a，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：锻炼可以让你看起来很好，感觉很好，保持健康。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词smething是不定代词，因此空格处只能用关系代词that，故填that。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：许多青少年惊讶地发现，当你锻炼时，你的身体会产生一些化学物质，让你感到平静和放松，并提高你学习时的注意力。空格处用形容词作表语，peace的形容词是peaceful，意为“平静的”，故填peaceful。
【47题详解】
考查不定式。句意：许多青少年惊讶地发现，当你锻炼时，你的身体会产生一些化学物质，让你感到平静和放松，并提高你学习时的注意力。ability后用不定式作后置定语，故填t cncentrate。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：当你睡觉时，你的身体为新的一天做好准备。prepare fr是固定短语，意为“为……做好准备”，故填fr。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，睡眠不足会让你看起来很疲惫。空格处用名词作主语，lse的名词是lss，是不可数名词，意为“丧失，亏损”，故填lss。
【50题详解】
考查比较级。句意：如果你按照上面的建议去做，你的气色和感觉马上就会好很多！much修饰比较级，gd的比较级是better，句子表示“如果你按照上面的建议去做，你的气色和感觉马上就会好很多”，故填better。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I am delight t hear that yu are interested in Traditinal Chinese Medicine(TCM). I will intrduce it fr yu.
As is knwn t all, TCM was an imprtant part f Chinese culture. It has a lng histry. Basing n the five elements (metal, wd, water, fire and earth), TCM have frmed a unique thery f treating diseases. Accrding t the thery f TCM, preventin and treatment are f same imprtance and mre attentin shuld be paid n fd therapies. Hwever, we shuld take exercises regularly t prevent diseases. What’s mre, have a balanced diet is als significant fr us t keep healthy.
If yu want t knw mre abut it, yu can read the bk which I sent it t yu. I hpe yu will like it.
【答案】1.delight→delighted
2.fr→t
3.Basing→Based
4.have→has
5.在same前加the
6.n→t
7.Hwever→Therefre
8.exercises→exercise
9.have→having
10.去掉sent后的it
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中医的相关情况。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：听说你对中医感兴趣，我很高兴。be delighted t d是固定短语，意为“很高兴做某事”，故将delight改为delighted。
2.考查介词。句意：我给你介绍一下。intrduce sth. t sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人介绍某物”，故将fr改为t。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：中医以五行（金、木、水、火、土）为基础，形成了独特的治疗疾病的理论。“have frmed”是谓语，base要用非谓语动词，TCM和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词based表被动，故将Basing改为Based。
4.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中医以五行（金、木、水、火、土）为基础，形成了独特的治疗疾病的理论。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语TCM是单数，因此谓语动词用has，故将have改为has。
5.考查定冠词。句意：根据中医理论，预防和治疗并重，更应重视食疗。same前通常要加定冠词the，the same“相同的”，故在same前加the。
6.考查介词。句意：根据中医理论，预防和治疗并重，更应重视食疗。pay attentin t是固定短语，意为“重视”，故将n改为t。
7.考查副词。句意：因此，我们应该经常锻炼来预防疾病。由前面的“preventin and treatment are f same imprtance”可知，句子表示“因此，我们应该经常锻炼来预防疾病”，“因此”是therefre，位于句首，首字母大写，故将Hwever改为Therefre。
8.考查固定短语。句意：因此，我们应该经常锻炼来预防疾病。take exercise是固定短语，意为“锻炼”，故将exercises改为exercise。
9.考查动名词。句意：更重要的是，拥有一个均衡的饮食对我们保持健康也很重要。句中应该用动名词having作主语，故将have改为having。
10.考查代词。句意：如果你想了解更多，你可以看看我寄给你的那本书。“which I sent it t yu”是which引导的定语从句，关系代词which指代先行词bk在从句中作宾语，it是多余的，故去掉sent后的it。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 为了唤起全球青少年一代的环保意识，世界卫生组织向全球发起了“如何保护环境”的建议征集活动，你以学校学生会主席的名义，发出了全员环保的倡议，并制作了如下图的海报：
请根据海报内容及以下写作要点写一份倡议书。要点如下：
1.保护环境是我们中学生的职责；
2.保护环境的具体措施；
3.让我们都为地球母亲尽一份力。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu!
Students’ Unin
【答案】Sample Writing
Dear friends,
D yu want t live in a beautiful wrld? S it is ur duty t prtect the envirnment. T reach this gal, we shuld keep the fllwing in mind.
First, walking t schl is a gd way t reduce pllutin. Secnd, we shuld plant trees every spring t prtect the sil frm being washed away. Third, it’s als imprtant t recycle everything useful. We shuld keep ur schl clean by picking up any litter. Finally, remember t turn ff the water taps after finishing washing and turn ff the lights when leaving the classrm. In a wrd, nly when we frm the gd habit f envirnmental prtectin can we make the earth mre beautiful tmrrw.
Let’s take actin t prtect ur mther ——the earth nw.
Thank yu!
Students' Unin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生根据海报内容及以下写作要点写一份倡议书。要点如下：1.保护环境是我们中学生的职责；2.保护环境的具体措施；3.让我们都为地球母亲尽一份力。
【详解】1.词汇积累
责任：duty→respnsibility
重要的：imprtant→significant
整洁的：clean→tidy
总之：in a wrd→in cnclusin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Third, it’s als imprtant t recycle everything useful.
拓展句：Third, it’s als imprtant that we shuld recycle everything useful.
【点睛】1. [高分句型1] Finally, remember t turn ff the water taps after finishing washing and turn ff the lights when leaving the classrm. (运用了动名词作宾语和状语从句的省略)
2. [高分句型2] In a wrd, nly when we frm the gd habit f envirnmental prtectin can we make the earth mre beautiful tmrrw. (运用了部分倒装)
听力1～5 BCABA 6~10 BBCAC 11~15 BACCA 16~20 CAABB