高中英语高考定语从句讲义以及练习题（高考总复习，纯干货，原创）（无答案）

这是一份高中英语高考定语从句讲义以及练习题（高考总复习，纯干货，原创）（无答案），共4页。试卷主要包含了 定语从句的基本结构，选择适当关系词，定语从句特例等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. 定语是什么？从句是什么？定语从句是什么？
英语中很多词性的词都可以充当定语，这里我们先记住，多数的定语都是由形容词去充当的。那定语从句简单理解起来，就是起形容词作用的句子。这里通过一个句子来说明：He is a by（ wh likes reading. ） 他是一个（喜欢阅读的）男孩。其中“喜欢阅读的”，是修饰男孩的，但是显然它不是一个单独的形容词，wh likes reading这就是最简单的定语从句。

2. 定语从句的基本结构：
He is a by wh likes reading.
by: 被定语从句修饰的部分，叫“先行词”。
Wh likes reading:定语从句。
Wh: 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。考试单选也多考察关系词的选择。但是关系词的选择有很多影响因素，我们来一起看一看。
第一个是先行词对关系词选择有影响。
1）判断先行词的注意事项：
We will reach the sales target in a mnth_____we set at the beginning f the year.
Until nw, we have raised 50,000 punds fr the pr children,_____is quite unexpected.
先行词既然是被定语从句修饰的部分，那么我们先找到从句，翻译出来，看看这个从句究竟修饰谁就可以了。注意，先行词，有可能是主句中的一个词，也有可能是主句中的一部分，还有可能是整个主句。而且，但我们做到比较难的单选题目时就会知道，找错先行词会导致把单选做错。
试试看，以上两个例句先行词是什么？第一个应该是 sales target，第二个比较开放，可以是整个主句，也可以是50,000 punds.
2）关系词的用法对其选择有影响:关系词是替代先行词在从句中承担句子成分作用的。
关系代词、关系副词有什么？关系代词的作用？如何选择？
关系代词:that which wh whm whse as
关系副词：where when why
He is a by wh lives in Lndn.
关系代词在从句中承担必要的句子成分，比如：主语、宾语等，whse 做定语。
This is the place where I study Chinese.
而关系副词在句子中做状语，简单理解，把关系代词拿走，从句依然完整。
3）定语从句分类对关系词的选择有影响：
This is the place where I grew up.
从句与主句之间没有逗号（有插入语除外），从句是限制性定语从句。
We walked dwn the village street, where they were having market day.
从句和主句之间有逗号隔开，从句是非限制性定语从句，那就不可以用that和why作为从句引导词。
练习:The bss is trying t create an easy atmsphere_____his emplyees enjy their wrk.
This is the bk___________I want t read.
This is the girl___________I teach.
This is the girl___________gave me the bk.
This is the scientist___________achievements are well knwn.
This is the huse____________ windw brke last night.
定语从句做题步骤总结：
1.判断是不是非限制性定语从句，排除that和why.
2.找从句，看看从句是缺少句子成分，判断其用关系代词还是关系副词。
3.选择适当关系词。
检测-高考真题—
(2017天津3月)I have reached a pint in my career ______I need t decide which way t g.
A.that B.where C.which D.why
(2016天津)We will put ff the picnic until next week.______the weather may be better.
A.that B.where C.which D.when
4.定语从句特例
4.1 as的用法:
非限制性定语从句，As we all knw, as is knwn t all, as is knwn t everybdy，（as be dne）……
或者先行词做主语，且定语从句为被动语态形式时，通常用as而不用which.
She has been absent again, as is expected.
偶尔出现，要能反应过来。限制性定语从句中，多为固定短语搭配：such + 名词+as+从句其他内容。
the same+名词+as
I have the same bk as he has.
We have fund such material as are used in their factry.
(2017宝坻一中九月考)Because f health prblem, Peter cannt cntinue t wrk at the same full pace______he has dne up t nw.
A.since B.why C.where D.as
4.2 介词+关系代词
常考：介词+which /whm
whse=f + whm/ f + which
(where=in/at/n…+which
when=during/in/n+which
why=fr which)
e.g We dn’t knw the reasn why he didn't shw up=We dn’t knw the reasn fr which he didn’t shw up.
具体选用哪个介词和它前边的先行词或者后边从句中的谓语动词有关。
e.g Smetimes there were gunfights, like the ne ____which Jim was killed.
e.g The material __which the table was made was imprted.
数词+介词+which/whm
E.g. He has three sns, tw f whm are teacher.
4.3 (which VS that )只能用that的情况
先行词是anything, nthing,all,little,few, much,nne,sme 等不定代词修饰的时候；
先行词前边有the nly, the very, any, every, sme, n,all,few,little,much, the right, just等词修饰的时候；
先行词被最高级、序数词修饰的时候；
先行词既有人又有物的时候；
不重复原则，当句子中有了wh/which 时，再选择which/that或wh/that时；
Which is the bike that yu lst?
……
4.4(which VS that )只能用which的情况
非限制性定语从句；
动词短语中有介词提前：This is the apartment in which I live.
……
（以下知识点在学习初期不用看，先掌握之前的基础）
特例：当先行词是way或者time时
当way作先行词，使用关系代词时，关系代词用法和一般定语从句一样。
e.g The way he explained t me was quite simple.
当way作先行词，使用关系副词时（作状语），这时关系词可以用that/in which/不填。
e.g. I lve the way yu lie. (Rihanna—lve the way yu lie)
time当次数讲时，用that引导定语从句，that可以省略。
e.g. This is the first time I have been here.
time当一段时间讲时,使用关系副词时（作状语），用when, at/during which.
e.g This was at a time when peple wuld like t help each ther withut asking fr anything in return.
定语从句连接：
完型、阅读理解、作文
完型：
When Dn died last year at 75, the paper was ___with calls and letters frm peple wh had been recipients f his_____wrds. ______the years, I’ve tried t cpy the example f Dn and ther peple______care enugh t write uplifting cmments, because I think they are n t smething imprtant.
A. cvered B.filled C.flded D.cnnected
A.up-t date B.spirit-lifting C.sharp D.remarkable
A.Over B.On C.After D.Frm
A. they B.what C.which D.wh
作文：As the prverb says:”All rads lead t Rme””Where is a will, there is a way”.
(2016天津高考)
假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
1）回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）。
2）谈谈收获或感想。
3）表达祝愿与期望。
非限制性定从：----------，which-------------.
Dear friends，
Hw time flies! Tw weeks have passed since yu cme t ur schl fr the exchange prgram , which we all have benefited frm.
During these tw weeks, we have studied and lived tgether, which gives us the pprtunity t prmte ur relatinship……
万能句式，可以套用。