译林版英语七年级下册Unit 5 Amazing things知识点全解

译林版英语七年级下册知识点全解Unit 5 Amazing things 内容全解 Part One  Comic strip 重点全解1. Come on, Eddie. It’s just a plane. I saw one yesterday.（P56）  come on 语气词，得了吧，表示责备或不耐烦。          还可用于催促他人，快点儿，加油。          Come on, don’t sit there dreaming.           Come on, Lily! You can catch up with Amy! 2. The world is full of amazing things.（P56）  amazing 令人惊异的，令人惊奇的，通常用于修饰事物。  amazed 吃惊的，惊奇的，通常用来修饰人。  He is amazed at the amazing story.  Part Two Welcome to the unit 1. Fish sleep with their eyes open.（P57）  with+名词+形容词/介词短语，在句中用作伴随状语。  Don’t sleep with windows open.   He came in the room with a smile on his face. 2. Our eyes are the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing. （P57）  stop growig 停止生长  stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情Stop doing your homework and have a cup of coffee.   Seeing their teacher walking into the classroom, they stopped talking at once.   stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事I am too tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事  We must stop these students (from) smoking. 3. The Sun is about 1,300,000 times larger than the Earth.（P57）  句中Sun 与Earth 首字母均大写，指的是天文学意义上的。平时提及的，就不用。二者前均有定冠词the ，因为是世界上的独一无二。   The earth goes around the sun.    time 可数，倍       不可数，时间，不能用many, few 或a few 等来修饰，而用much, little 或a little 等来修饰。       There is a little time. Please hurry up.        可数，次       How many times have you read the book? 4. Do you know any fun facts about the world, Amy?（P57）  fun facts 趣闻，有趣的事  She knows some fun facts.   fact 可数，facts，事实。in fact 事实上  There are lots of fun facts in our school.   In fact, he is older than me.  Part Three  Reading 重点全解1. As usual, they sat down under a big tree.（P58）  as usual 像往常一样，在句中通常作状语，有时也可以作表语。  I get up very early as usual.   Things are as usual. 2. They turned around but saw nothing. （P58）  turn around 转身  Don’t turn around in class.   She turned around to see who was calling her. 3. Is anybody there? （P58）  anybody 不定代词，任何人，多用于否定句或疑问句中。  He didn’t tell his secret to anybody.   Is anybody playing the guitar? 4. Nobody replied.（P58）  nobody 不定代词，无人，没有人；没有任何人。nobody 作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。  There is nobody in the classroom now.   Nobody likes the boring story.   reply 不及物，回答，回复  I often reply to my penfriend’s letters in English.   reply 与answer ：  reply 比较正式，多指经过思考后的答复，除了跟宾语从句或直接引语外，多用作不及物。  answer 比较常用，多用于“回答问题（answer the question）”或“接电话（answer a/the telephone）”。5. They left the park quickly.（P58）  quickly 副词，迅速地，飞快地，修饰动词left。He was very shy at first. He always ran away quickly when he met strangers. We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so quickly. 6. On their way home, they met Andy.（P58）  meet 及物  I met my best friend in the park yesterday. Meet me at 8:00. 7. What happened?（P58）  happen 不及物，多指偶然发生。  The amazing story happened in winter.   happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事  I happened to meet an old friend in the street. 8. Then she told Andy everything.（P58）  Don’t worry. Everything is ready now.   不定代词everything 被形容词修饰时，形容词要后置。9. He went to the park, stood beside the tree and listened carefully.（P58）  carefully 副词，修饰动词listened. careful 小心的，细心的，谨慎的  She is careful and she always does everything carefully.   carelessly 粗心地10. He searched the bushes.（P58）   search 及物，搜查，搜索   Conan searched that room but found nothing in it.    bush 可数，灌木（丛），复数bushes.    There is a little dog in the bushes. 11. “Here it is , ” Andy said to himself.（P58）   say to oneself 自言自语，心里想，oneself 在句中要与句子的主语保持一致。   “Why am I here? ” Jim said to himself.    oneself 反身代词，某人自己12. It was very weak.（P58）   weak 形容词，弱的，虚弱的 weak-strong 强壮的   The young man isn’t weak; he is very strong.    You look very weak, so you have to see the doctor. 13. Andy picked up the little cat and went to find Millie and Amy.（P58）   pick up 捡起，拾起。动副结构的短语，后接代词作宾语时，代词放中间；后接名词作宾语时，可放中间，也可之后。   Please pick up the pen from the floor. =Please pick the pen up from the floor.    When he saw a wallet on the ground, he picked it up at once.    代词作宾语，放中间。   little 形容词，小的，矮小的，年幼的，常用来修饰人或动物，带有一定的感情色彩，指小得可爱。   This is my little sister. 14. Andy gave the little cat to Amy.（P60）   give 后面可以接双宾语，give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb. 给某人某物。sb. 为间接宾语，sth. 为直接宾语。 Part Four  Grammar 重点全解1. A month ago, Millie and Amy went to Sunshine Park.（P61）  ago 副词，以前。时间段+ago，……之前，常用于一般过去时。  They met me two days ago.   He went to Nanjing a year ago. 2. Last Sunday, they went to the park again.(P61)  last Sunday 上周日       week        year        month   I bought a book last Sunday. 3. …there were a lot of people there.   there be 有  第二个there 地点副词，在那儿，那儿，地点状语  there be 句型的过去式为：There was/were …  There was a park in the city in 1998.   There were some apple trees here last year. 4. We went to the Fun World Museum the day before yesterday , Daniel.   the day before yesterday 前天  I called him the day before yerterday. 5. We also learnt/learned about some strange birds like dodos.（P61）  learn about 得知，了解，熟悉  I learnt about this car two years ago. learn to do sth. 学习做某事  You can learn to swim in summer.   learn from sb. 向某人学习  We should learn from the heroes. learn …by heart 记住；用心学习You had better learn it by heart. 一般过去时教材典句：A month ago, Millie and Amy went to Sunshine Park. I read about a man the other day. The museum closed just a minute ago. 划线部分为明显的表示过去的时间状语，a month ago 一个月以前，the other day 那天，前几天，just a minute ago 刚刚在一分钟前。语法全解：一、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作或行为；主语过去所具备的能力或性格。基本结构：主语+动词的过去式+其他。标志词：yesterday （昨天），two days ago （两天前），last year （去年），the other day （那天，前几天），once upon a time （很久以前），just now （刚才），in the old days （在过去的日子里）等。She went to the park yesterday. They wrote a story just now. We had a great time at his party the day before yesterday. I bought a new bike a week ago. He was born in 1990. Amy read an amazing book the other day. Once upon a time, there was a king called Smith. 二、动词过去式的构成规则（一）规则变化构成规则：在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked , play –played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d . 例如，live –lived , hope –hoped , use –used 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed . 例如，study –studied , carry –carried , worry –worried 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop –stopped , plan –planned （二）不规则变化1. 没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut –cut , put –put , read –read 2. 变化元音，例如，write- wrote , know –knew , come –came 3. 变化辅音，例如，make –made , spend –spent , send –sent 4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave –left , teach –taught , think –thought 5. 其他情况，例如，is –was , are –were , have –had  Part Five  Integrated skills 重点全解1. ant（P63）  可数，蚂蚁，以元音音素开头，an aunt   This is an ant.   There are so many ants here. 2. can live without water for a long time.（P63）  without 介词，没有，后跟名词、代词或动名词。without 后跟人称代词作宾语时，用其宾格形式。  Most plants can’t grow without sunshine.   I went to school without eating breakfast.   Don’t go to school without eating breakfast. 3. but I was surprised to know that …（P64）  be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇  I am surprised to to know that he didn’t pass the exam.   be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇  He is surprised at the news. 4. Now I am not afraid of animals any more.（P64）not …any more =no more ，不再I am not a little girl any more. With this book, students won’t be afraid of learning English any more. 5. I heard of a young man.（P64）hear of =hear about 听说hear from 收到……的来信Did you hear of/about Hua Chenyu from Super Boy? I hear of/about the news the day before yesterday. 6. I read about a man the other day.（P64）  the other day 那天，前几天  They met Miss Li the other day.  Part Six  Task 1. got its name from a man called John Montagu, the Fourth Earl of Sandwich.   I know a boy called Tom.（P66）  called John Montagu, the Fourth Earl of Sandwich 叫做约翰•蒙塔古，三明治伯爵四世的，过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a man , called =named   I know a boy called Tom . 2. put meat between two pieces of bread（P66）  two pieces of bread 两片面包 a piece of 一片/张……，常用于表示不可数名词的量。  There are some pieces of paper on the desk .   Mary is drawing a picture with a piece of chalk on the blackboard . 3. by 1935 , about 2,000 TVs in use（P66）  in use 在使用中  The laboratory is in use until three o’clock .   The new library will be in use next year . 4. in China , in 1987 , about 29 TVs per 100 families , but now most families have at least one TV .（P66）  at least 至少  The game is on at least four channels at the same time . Most American families have at least one car now .   短语和句型归纳 短语归纳  
as usual 照例；像往常一样sit down 坐下turn around 转身on one’s/the way to 在去……的路上say to oneself 自言自语pick up 拿起；捡起run away 逃离，跑开the day before yesterday 前天be afraid of 害怕the other day 那天，前几天at the same time 同时a piece of 一块（片、张、件……）as ……as 像……一样all over the world 全世界at least 至少ask for 请求；要come on 得了吧sound like 听起来像hear of 听说in use 在使用中be full of 充满……amazing things 令人惊讶的东西 句型归纳 stop doing sth. 停止做某事Thank you for +名词/动词-ing 为……感谢你be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事形容词修饰nothing , somebody , anybody 等不定代词需后置，作后置定语help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶with +名词+形容词/介词短语，在句中作状语的用法search somewhere for sth./sb. 为找到某物/某人而搜查某地