【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第二十二讲 阅读理解之记叙文（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第二十二讲 阅读理解之记叙文（原卷版+解析版），文件包含中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第二十二讲阅读理解之记叙文解析版doc、中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第二十二讲阅读理解之记叙文原卷版doc等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共19页， 欢迎下载使用。


考点分析
人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。
1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
知识梳理
1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。
2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。
三年中考真题
A
（2020·辽宁大连·中考真题）
When I arrived at my class n the early mrning, I suddenly felt upset and uncmfrtable. Tday was the day when ur teacher wuld leave and mve t anther schl. Mr. Smith was very easy t talk with and t have fun with. He was cl, relaxed and was always friendly when yu wuld see him. I culdn’t even imagine hw things were ging t be withut him.
“Thank yu everyne fr my time here. I will frever keep these memries and friendships I’ve made in the past five years.” He tk a deep breath and said, “As a mment fr me leaving, please lk under yur seats.”
Cnfused(疑惑不解的), I slwly checked under my seat t see a yellw blck f wd that read “Lve” n it. I quickly gt it and began t study it. After secnds f watching the blck, I realized that it was a Jenga blck(积木块).
Tears ran dwn my face and fell n the Jenga blck. I heard my classmates sbbing(抽泣). That was t say, everyne in my class had a Jenga blck with the wrd “Lve”. We hadn’t fund a way t express(表达) ur sadness and als we culdn’t find a way t express ur lve t the respectable(令人尊敬的) man. “This is a reminder(提示物) t always lve thers.” Mr. Smith said slwly.
Maybe that day wasn’t the wrst day, and it was just a mment f my life and I was t yung t understand Mr. Smith. What Mr. Smith taught us is that whenever and wherever we are, we shuld lve thers. The Jenga blck acts as a reminder, encuraging me t give a hand t thse in need f help. As time ges n, “Lve” thers has been a habit.
1．Mr. Smith was ging t __________.
A．change his jbB．teach a new subject
C．give his last lessnD．wrk in anther schl
2．Mr. Smith was a teacher wh culd make his students feel __________.
A．pleasedB．excitedC．bredD．nervus
3．Where did the students find Jenga blcks?
A．In their desks.B．Under their seats.C．On the blackbard.D．Inside their hearts.
4．What d we knw abut the Jenga blck?
A．It is the symbl f lve.
B．It shws students’ respect t Mr. Smith.
C．It means gd memries and friendships.
D．It stands fr Mr. Smith’s wish t his students.
5．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Lve is a habitB．Hard t say gdbye
C．A teacher’s giftD．An unfrgettable lessn
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C
【分析】本文主要讲述了作者的老师史密斯先生在离开时送给了每个学生一个积木块，教育学生要爱护他人，这对作者的影响很深。
1．细节理解题。根据“Tday was the day when ur teacher wuld leave and mve t anther schl”可知作者的老师要到另一个学校教学。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“Mr. Smith was very easy t talk with and t have fun with. He was cl, relaxed and was always friendly when yu wuld see him”可知史密斯先生很容易交谈，也很有趣，可推断他可以让他的学生开心满意。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“I slwly checked under my seat t see a yellw blck f wd…”可知这些积木块在学生的座位下面。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“This is a reminder(提示物) t always lve thers”以及“The Jenga blck acts as a reminder…”可知老师送给学生们积木块，是希望他们能够爱护他人，故积木块代表了老师对学生们的希望。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了老师送给学生一件礼物用来提醒他们要关爱他人。故选C。
B
（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）
There was nce a very wise man wh lived in ancient times. He was elderly and educated.
One day while n a walk, he realized that his shes were starting t wear ut. He knew he had t buy a new pair. But he didn’t want t buy the wrng shes. He cllected sme bks and spent a lt f time reading abut hw t knw if a pair f shes fit prperly.
Fllwing the bks’ instructins, the man tk a stick and measured his feet with it. He then went t the market. Hwever, he left the stick at hme, which was far away frm the shp.
By the time the man returned t the market, the shp was clsed. And by that pint, his shes were cmpletely wrn ut, s he had t return hme bareft.
The next mrning, he walked back t the market with bare feet, but the shes that he had chsen the day befre had been sld. The wise man explained what had happened t the shpkeeper, wh asked, “Why didn’t yu buy the shes yesterday?”
The wise man replied, “Because I left the stick that I had used t measure my feet at hme. And yu have t have the crrect measurements f yur feet befre yu can buy shes. I didn’t want t buy the wrng size.”
Even mre surprised, the shpkeeper asked, “But yur feet are always with yu. Why didn’t yu just try the shes n?”
The wise man said, “All the bks say shes must be bught with the exact measurements f the shes yu already wn.”
Laughing, the shp wner replied, “Yu dn’t need advice frm bks t buy shes. Yu just need t have yur feet, sme mney, and sme cmmn sense nt t make things mre difficult.”
6．Hw did the man prepare t buy shes?
A．He read lts f bks abut making shes.
B．He used a stick t measure his feet.
C．He measured his wrn-ut shes.
D．He asked the shpkeeper fr advice.
7．Why didn’t the man buy shes the secnd time he went t the market?
A．Because he didn’t knw his measurements.
B．Because the she stre was already clsed.
C．Because he frgt t take his stick alng.
D．Because the shes he wanted were sld ut.
8．What was the man like?
A．He was ld and humrus.
B．He was a real wise man.
C．He was educated and hard-wrking.
D．He had little life experience.
9．Which sentence is TRUE accrding t the stry?
A．The man went t the market twice.
B．The man bught the shes he wanted at last.
C．He returned hme withut shes the secnd time.
D．Peple usually measured their feet befre buying shes in ancient times.
10．What des the stry teach us?
A．Bks tell yu everything yu need.
B．It’s necessary t get mre educatin.
C．Cmmn sense can serve yu well.
D．Deal with difficult things in a simple way.
【答案】6．B 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．C
【分析】文章讲述了曾经有一个人想买双鞋，他用棍子测量尺寸，第一次去集市的时候忘记带棍子， 结果取回棍子第二次再去的时候商店已经关门了，第二天他再去买鞋的时候，发现前一天选的鞋已经卖了，他跟店主解释时，店主告诉他其实买鞋只需要有自己的脚、一些钱和一些常识即可。
6．细节理解题。根据“Fllwing the bks’ instructins, the man tk a stick and measured his feet with it.”可知，这个人用木棍量了他的脚，并以此为依据去买鞋，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“By the time the man returned t the market, the shp was clsed.”可知，当他第二次来到集市时，鞋店已经关门了，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“All the bks say shes must be bught with the exact measurements f the shes yu already wn.”以及“Yu dn’t need advice frm bks t buy shes. Yu just need t have yur feet, sme mney, and sme cmmn sense nt t make things mre difficult.”可知，这个人没有生活经验，故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据“He then went t the he had t return hme bareft.”可知，第二次这个人没有买到鞋子，而他的鞋子已经完全穿破了，所以他不得不赤脚回家，故选C。
10．主旨大意题。根据“Laughing, the shp wner replied, “Yu dn’t need advice frm bks t buy shes. Yu just need t have yur feet, sme mney, and sme cmmn sense nt t make things mre difficult.” ”及整个文章的理解可知，文章通过一个人买鞋的经历告诉我们生活常识是很有用的，故选C。
C
（2022·湖南娄底·统考中考真题）
A man named Jack came hme frm wrk and fund his three children utside. They were still in their pajamas （睡衣）, playing in the mud （泥）. Tys were lying all ver the garden. The frnt dr t the huse was wide pen.
Walking in the dr, he fund an even bigger mess. In the living rm, the TV was turned up lud. There were tys and clthes all ver the places.
In the kitchen, there was a brken glass under the table and dishes filled the sink（水槽）. Breakfast fd was still n the dining table. The dr f the fridge was pen. In the bathrm, the bathtub was full f water. Sap and tilet paper were n the flr. Tthpaste（牙膏）was all ver the mirrr and walls.
He quickly went upstairs, lking fr his wife. He was wrried that she was sick r that smething bad happened.
As he ran int the bedrm, he fund his wife in bed. Still in her pajamas, she was reading a nvel. She lked up at him, smiled and asked hw his day went. He lked at her and asked, “What happened here tday? ”
She smiled again and answered, “Yu knw every day when yu cme hme frm wrk and yu ask me what n earth（究竟）I d all ”
“Yes, ” he replied.
She answered, “Well, I didn’t d it nly tday.”
11．Where did the stry take place in the passage?
A．In a htel.B．At Jack’s hme.C．In a museum.
12．The underlined wrd “bathtub” means “ ________” in the passage?
A．水槽B．浴缸C．厕所
13．Hw did Jack feel befre he saw his wife?
A．Angry and tired.B．Happy and excited.C．Surprised and wrried.
14．What did Jack see when he gt back frm wrk?
①The kids were playing in the mud.
②The huse was in a big mess.
③His wife was sick and lying in bed.
A．①②B．②③C．①③
15．What can we infer（推断） frm the passage?
A．The wife is a lazy wman and des nthing every day.
B．The wife is sick and she can’t d anything fr the family.
C．The wife is hard-wrking and usually keeps her huse tidy.
【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲爸爸下班回家时看到家里一片狼藉，这就是妈妈每天要做的工作，只是今天没做。
11．细节理解题。根据“A man named Jack came hme frm wrk and fund his three children utside.”可知发生在家里。故选B。
12．词义猜测题。根据“In the bathrm, the bathtub was full f water.（在浴室里，……装满了水。）可猜测出，下划线单词的意思应是“浴缸”。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“He quickly went upstairs, lking fr his wife. He was wrried that she was sick r that smething bad happened.（他赶紧上楼去找他的妻子。他担心她生病了或发生了什么坏事。）”可知杰克见到妻子之前感觉惊讶和担忧。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“A man named Jack came hme frm wrk and fund his three children utside. They were still in their pajamas （睡衣）, playing in the mud （泥）. Tys were lying all ver the garden.The frnt dr t the huse was wide pen.Walking in the dr, he fund an even bigger mess.In the living rm, the TV was turned up lud.There were tys and clthes all ver the places.”可知杰克下班回来时看到孩子们在泥地里玩。房子里乱七八糟。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据“ She smiled again and answered, ‘Yu knw every day when yu cme hme frm wrk and yu ask me what n earth（究竟）I d all ’ ‘Yes,’ he replied. She answered, ‘Well, I didn’t d it nly tday.’”可推理出妻子工作很努力，经常保持家里整洁。故选C。
两年模拟演练
A
（2021·云南红河·统考二模）
D yu knw wh Zhang Guimei is? Nw fllw me t knw smething abut her.
In 2000, Zhang Guimei wrked in a Children’s Hme in Yunnan prvince, she saw many pr cuntryside families withut any educatin. She hped t set up a free girls’ high schl that wuld cmpletely slve the prblem in muntain areas. In 2007, Zhang became a delegate (代表) f the 17th Natinal Cngress f the Cmmunist Party f China. She tld the public abut her dream, which has gt tns f attentin in the sciety.
In 2008, Huaping High Schl fr Girls was set up, which is the first girls’ public high schl in China fr girls frm pr families t read. Ever since then, mre than 1,800 girls frm the huge muntains have gne t university t cmplete their studies and made cntributins (贡献) in all walks f life (各行各业). When Huaping High Schl fr Girls has made gd achievements, Zhang Guimei’s bdy is getting wrse and wrse. She was examined mre than 10 kinds f diseases.
Zhang said, “When I hear that students can cntribute t sciety after graduating frm universities, I think it’s wrth it, it’s pleased t see them live better and happier than me, which is the greatest cmfrt t me.”
Zhang Guimei was hnred the title “Rle Mdel f the Times (时代楷模)” in recgnitin (认可) f her devtin t the educatin fr girls frm pr families in 2020.
16．Accrding t the passage, Zhang Guimei’s dream was ________.
A．t be a teacherB．t set up a free girls’ high schl
C．t help peple in needD．t becme a delegate
17．When was Zhang hnred “Rle Mdel f the Times”?
A．In 2000.B．In 2007.C．In 2008.D．In 2020.
18．Which is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．Zhang is the funder (奠基者) f Huaping High Schl fr Girls.
B．All the students can get a free educatin in Huaping High schl fr Girls.
C．Zhang isn’t as healthy as she used t be.
D．Zhang has helped many girls frm pr families get an educatin.
19．The underlined wrd “devtin” in Paragraph 5 means “________” in Chinese.
A．管理B．善良C．奉献D．内容
20．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．We shuld take Zhang as ur gd example.
B．Huaping High Schl fr Girls is a gd place fr everyne t g.
C．Zhang Guimei is als a wman frm a pr family.
D．Zhang’s graduated (毕业的) students all wrk as teachers.
【答案】16．B 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文介绍了张桂梅老师的事迹和奉献精神。
16．细节理解题。根据“She hped t set up a free girls’ high schl that wuld cmpletely slve the prblem in muntain areas.”可知，张桂梅梦想建立一所免费的女子高中。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“Zhang Guimei was hnred the title ‘Rle Mdel f the Times (时代楷模)’ in recgnitin (认可) f her devtin t the educatin fr girls frm pr families in 2020.”可知，张桂梅在2020年被评为“时代楷模”。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据“Huaping High Schl fr Girls was set up, which is the first girls’ public high schl in China fr girls frm pr families t read.”可知，华坪女子高中是中国第一所面向贫困家庭女孩免费读书的女子公立高中，而不是面向所有学生，B项错误。故选B。
19．词义猜测题。根据“in recgnitin (认可) f her devtin t the educatin fr girls frm pr families”可知，是认可她的奉献精神，devtin表示“奉献”。故选C。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了张桂梅老师的事迹和奉献精神，我们应该以她为榜样，A项正确。故选A。
B
（2022·广东江门·校考一模）
Once Amy said t me, “Travelling alne is a life changing experience.” I travelled alne a lt when I was in my early 20s and I lved it. The experiences f travelling alne really make me mre adventurus (有冒险精神的). I think everyne shuld try at least nce in their lives. Nw I’m married. I g everywhere with my husband and it’s just nt the same. The feeling f being n an adventure has gne. I miss travelling alne.
I then thught f my first sl (单独的) trip t Suth America. I went t Suth America and stayed there fr six mnths. I find travelling with ther peple is nt as exciting as travelling alne.I dn’t meet adventures with them but I can experience a lt when travelling alne. When travelling by myself, I can chse what I will d next at any time. I can visit a place that I didn’t plan t see befre. I can g there withut having t agree with anyne first. I try t wrk ut all my prblems n my wn and I becme mre independent.
Hwever, there is just ne thing that is nt s gd fr me. I always hpe that there are gd htels and safe transprt rutes (路线) in the places I will visit. S every time befre I begin my sl trip, I have t make sure the htel is gd and that the transprt rutes are safe.
21．The writer travelled alne a lt when ________.
A．she was in her early twentiesB．she was free
C．she was twenty years ldD．she was n business
22．Why des the writer think the feeling f being n an adventure has gne?
A．Because she thinks ging everywhere with her husband is different.
B．Because she thinks everyne shuld try travelling alne.
C．Because she likes travelling alne a lt.
D．Because she thinks travelling alne is mre difficult than travelling with thers.
23．What des the underlined wrd “independent’ in the secnd paragraph mean in Chinese?
A．独立的B．自信的C．自豪的D．孤独的
24．Where did the writer travel alne fr the first time?
A．Australia.B．Nrth America.C．Suth America.D．Austria.
25．What des the writer have t make sure befre her sl trip?
A．She has t make sure she can chse the rutes.
B．She has t make sure f the gd htel and safe transprt rutes.
C．She has t make sure she can wrk ut all the prblems.
D．She has t make sure what she will d next.
【答案】21．A 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文介绍了作者喜欢独自冒险旅行，独自旅行对她而言有很多好处，她能参观事先没有计划的地方，想做什么不用要别人的同意，通过自己解决问题变得更独立，但是每次独自旅行之前都要确定好酒店不错和安全的路线。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“I travelled alne a lt when I was in my early 20s and I lved it.”可知，作者在20岁出头时，独自旅行较多。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“I g everywhere with my husband and it’s just nt the same. The feeling f being n an adventure has gne.”可知，作者去哪儿都和丈夫一起，这与独自旅行不同，独自旅行时的那种冒险的感觉已经消失了。故选A。
23．词句猜测题。根据第三段“I try t wrk ut all my prblems n my wn ...”可知，作者独自旅行时，总是试着自己解决所有的问题，这让她变得更加独立；因此“independent”的含义为“独立的”。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“I then thught f my first sl (单独的) trip t Suth America.”可知，第一次独自旅行去的是南美。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I have t make sure the htel is gd and that the transprt rutes are safe.”可知，她得确保酒店不错，交通路线也安全。故选B。