【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第二十八讲 任务型阅读之综合任务（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第二十八讲 任务型阅读之综合任务（原卷版+解析版），文件包含中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第二十八讲任务型阅读之综合任务解析版doc、中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第二十八讲任务型阅读之综合任务原卷版doc等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共24页， 欢迎下载使用。

考点分析
近几年，任务型阅读这一新题型逐步进入中考题。任务型阅读主要考查学生实际运用语言的能力。它要求学生在阅读理解的基础上完成某些任务，考查学生的判断推理能力。
一、题型特点
1. 命题灵活，题型多样。
一般阅读理解题型多采用选择题，题型单一。任务型阅读题则可以通过一篇短文或一幅图表要求学生完成多项任务，命题人可以随心所欲地设计出多种题型，考查学生多方面的能力。
2. 贴近生活，凸显交际。
任务型阅读重在考查用英语解决实际问题的能力，学生需在任务的引导下开展阅读，其问题设置不仅具有真实性、情境性，而且也体现出一定的开放性。这样的设问形式贴近学生使用语言的现实生活情景，学生完成任务的过程既是分析问题、解决问题的过程，也是运用语言进行交际的过程。
3. 读写结合，重视输出。
任务型阅读改变了过去阅读理解单向的信息输入，侧重主动的信息输出，要求学生整合短文中的相关信息，然后根据题目要求回答问题或完成图表，综合性很强。
4. 语言精练，高度概括。
任务型阅读题目要求学生填表或给文章拟标题时一般都有一定的字数限制，要求学生在正确把握原文的基础上，充分运用自己所学语言，重新整合信息，运用规范、概括的文字准确无误地表达出来。
二、题型分类
综观近年来的任务型阅读题，我们可以归纳出以下五类考点：
1. 中心归纳题
中心归纳题属于综合概括题，主要位于表格的标题处。这类题要求考生在弄懂全文的内容后，抓住文章的中心，然后对中心进行高度浓缩、概括，从而成为统领全文的标题。由于词数被限制在几个单词以内，因此这类题难度较大。考生必须具备对文章进行综合分析、归纳概括以及准确表达的能力。这类试题在考题中通常只占1题。
2. 段意概括题
段意概括题属于分析表达题，主要位于表格的左边栏。这类题主要考查考生对文章体裁、结构的认识及用语言文字的表达能力。如果文章是说明文，那么它的主题是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、从哪几个方面进行介绍、说明的？作者通过介绍、说明得出了什么样的结论？作者提出了什么样的建议或希望？如果文章是议论文，那么文章的论点是什么？作者用什么方法、从哪些方面进行论证的？最后得出了什么样的结论？对于考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇，如：purpse/aim/gal; tpic/theme; suggestin/advice; type/kind; way/means/methd; effect/result; cause/reasn; feature/characteristic; functin/use; cmment/assessment等。这类试题在考题中一般占2―3题。
3. 功能理解题
功能理解题属于理解表达题。这类题主要考查考生对句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解。考生不能只停留在对句子字面意思的理解，而应该透过现象抓住句子、信息的本质，即它与前后信息的联系，它们之间究竟是什么样的关系，如因果、条件、让步、比较等。这类试题在考题中通常占2―3题。
4. 信息压缩及改写题
信息压缩及改写题属于活用题。考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但是由于所给的信息往往过长，考生必须对这些信息进行再次加工，将信息压缩、改写成不超过三个单词的短语。如The by is eight years ld这一信息可考虑改写为an eight-year-ld by。这类试题在考题中占2—3题。
5. 信息获取题
信息获取题属于基础题。考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。这类试题在考题中占2―3题。
知识梳理
解题技巧：
★题型概述
任务型阅读理解是中考必考题型之一，出题形式多样，常见题型有：根据短文内容来回答问题、还原句子、完成表格、判断正误和综合任务等。
★解题过程
阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。
★解题技巧
一、明确阅读任务。明确所给的任务，带着任务去阅读材料。
二、读全文，了解大意。了解文章主要内容、文章感情基调、作者的意图态度。
三、读细节，逐题攻克。寻找细节，从原文找答案。精读细节，理解深层含义。
四、通读全文，仔细检查。
★答题要求
一、把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。
二、在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。
三、书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范；单词拼写要正确无误；单词书写要认真。
任务型阅读之解题方法
1. 通读全文，掌握大意。
首先要通读全文，尤其注意首尾段及每段的首尾句。短文的首句和首段常常是作者要说明的对象、事件起因、作者要阐述的观点、事件发生的时间、地点与人物的联系等，结尾句、段是事件结论或作者要表达的意图、目的等。这样就容易抓住中心，为准确、迅速答题打下良好的基础。
2. 浏览试题，明确要求。
在理解了文章的大意及框架结构后，应开始深入理解文章内容，浏览一下短文所设计的任务，并细读与每一道题目相关的段落，然后根据文中的关键词句确定答案。
3. 整合信息，准确简洁。
任务型阅读题目重点考查学生的综合归纳能力，很多题目需要学生根据文章内容进行归纳、总结后才能回答，因此，在确定与题目有关的语句后，还要对有关信息进行整合才能确定答案。此外，给文章拟标题类题目对答案有词数限制，要求学生必须对信息进行压缩，用尽量少的词汇简洁地表达重要信息。
4. 复读全文，核对答案。
这是至关重要的一步。在此阶段中，要用全文的主题思想统帅各思考题，研究其内在的逻辑关系。审核时，要结合在阅读和答题中所得到的信息重新读短文，检查答案，看是否前后一致、意义和语言知识是否和原文相同，是否符合逻辑等。如果发现前后矛盾、遗漏要点等错误，要立即纠正。
任务型阅读之解题注意事项
1、重视语言知识，抓好语言基本功。
＂任务型阅读＂属于读写并重的综合性试题，它增强了对语言知识的考查力度，从简单的填写单词到回答问题，都要求学生在词汇、句法、语法等方面具有扎实的基本功。因此，学生在日常学习中要以课程标准为依据，依托教材，扎扎实实地夯实自己的语言知识。
（1）丰富词汇知识，及时归纳拓展词汇的用法。
（2）讲解、分析各种句法，并通过多种形式的操练如：简单句和复合句之间的转换，更改句子主语，把几个简单句改写为一个简单句等形式，让学生能对基础知识举一反三，熟练运用。
（3）要在语境中呈现语法项目，并能灵活运用。
2、加强阅读训练，培养良好的阅读习惯。
（1）培养学生带着问题读文章的习惯。做阅读理解类题目时应结合文章后面所设问题进行阅读，边阅读边选出考察表层问题的答案，并确定与考察深层含义有关的段落，为之后的细读打下坚实的基础。
（2）培养学生整体把握篇章结构的能力。在阅读训练中，要注重整体阅读，加强文章结构的分析和理解训练。要引导学生分析文章结构，由篇章到层次到段落到细节，逐步分析，让学生学会总结中心思想、挖掘文章的要点及搞清作者的观点。同时，在尝试给文章添加标题的过程中，有效地训练学生整体把握篇章结构的能力。冰冻三尺非一日之寒。扎实的语言基础来自于平时严格的基本功训练和长期的知识积累。只要平时刻苦用功，打下扎实的英语知识基础，并掌握科学的答题方法，一定会攻克任务型阅读这类题目。
三年中考真题
A
（2020·甘肃兰州·中考真题）
Puppets n Sticks
Shadw puppet shw（皮影）is a traditinal Chinese flk art frm with a histry f mre than 2,000 years. A puppet is made f leather（皮革）, which is carved（雕刻） int different designs and ①dyed in bright clrs. Five sticks cnnect its head, hands and feet. In a shadw shw, artists hld the puppets behind a screen, a large piece f white framed clth r paper. They made the puppets mve with the sticks. The bright light abve makes the mving puppets’ shadw n the screen. ②Peple sit in frnt f the screen, enjying the shw. A successful shadw shw needs 5 artists t wrk tgether. 2 cntrlling the puppets, the ther 3 playing music r singing. T make the shw lively and interesting, they need t learn t understand the mvements f humans and animals well.
1．请从 AB 选项中选出文中①处画线单词恰当的汉语意思 ________。（A．染色 B．烘干）
2．The clr f the screen is ________.
3．The puppets are mved by the ________ with the ________.
4．请将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语。
________________
5．It is very imprtant fr all the artists t ________ in a successful shw.
B
（2021·山东聊城·统考中考真题）
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容完成后面各项任务。
The human brain weighs abut 1.4 kilgrams, but it can hld much mre infrmatin than mst cmputers. Hwever, there is anther difference between humans and cmputers. Cmputers dn’t frget infrmatin they are given. N ne remembers everything, and luckily we dn’t usually have t. But everyne can imprve their memry if they want t. Here are sme suggestins.
★Try t use new infrmatin at nce. Fr example, if yu meet smene wh says “Hi! I’m Carls.”, dn’t just say “Hell!” Repeat the persn’s name, Carls.
★Write ut what yu need t remember again and again. This will help yu keep it in mind lnger, especially fr remembering frmulas(公式) r facts.
★Always review infrmatin. If yu bring what yu’ve learned back t yur mind, they becme easier t remember. Fr example, befre yu g t sleep, it’s a gd idea t review the new things yu learned that day.
★Discuss with a friend. It is always easier t remember things thrugh discussins. Yu can have a discussin abut what’s right and what’s wrng, and it will lead t the right answer.
★永远不要说你记忆力不好。Yu can always d smething t help imprve yur memry. And everyne’s memry gets better if they use it ften enugh.
6．将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
7．回答问题：
If yu want t remember a frmula, what shuld yu d accrding t Paragraph 3?
_______________________________________________________________________________
8．回答问题：
What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 4 refer t（指的是）?
_______________________________________________________________________________
9．从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。
Peple always remember things mre easily thrugh discussins.
_______________________________________________________________________________
10．将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
C
（2022·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·统考中考真题）
Once upn a time there was a child ready t be brn. S ne day he asked Gd, “They tell me yu are sending me t earth tmrrw but hw am I ging t live there being s small and helpless?”
Gd replied, “Amng the many angels(天使), I chse ne fr yu. She will be waiting fr yu and will take care f yu.”
But the child wasn’t sure he really wanted t g. “But tell me, here in Heaven, I dn’t d anything else but sing and smile and that’s enugh fr me.”
“Yur angel will sing fr yu and will als smile fr yu every day. And yu will feel yur angel’s lve and be happy.”
“And hw am I ging t be able t understand when peple talk t me, if I dn’t knw the language that men talk?” the child cntinued.
Gd patted him n the head and said, “Yur angel will tell yu the mst beautiful and sweet wrds yu will ever hear, and with much patience and care, yur angel will teach yu hw t speak.”
“I’ve heard that n earth there are bad men; wh will prtect me?”
(A)“Yur angel will keep yu safe even if it means risking her life!”
“But I will always be sad because I will nt see yu anymre,” said the child.
Gd smiled n the yung ne. “Yur angel will always talk t yu abut me and will teach yu the way fr yu t cme back t me.”
At that mment there was much peace in Heaven, but vices frm earth culd already be heard. The child knew he had t start n his jurney very sn. He asked Gd ne mre questin sftly, “Oh Gd, if I am abut t leave nw, please tell me my angel’s name.”
Gd tuched the child n the shulder and answered, “Yur angle’s name is nt hard t remember.
Yu will simply call her (B)________.”
11．Hw did the child feel when he knew that he was ging t earth?
_______________________________________________________________________________
12．What will the angel d fr the child? (从文中列举两个例子并用完整的句子回答)
_______________________________________________________________________________
13．请把文中(A)处划线句子翻译成中文。
_______________________________________________________________________________
14．在(B)处填写适当的单词使文章完整。
_______________________________________________________________________________
15．Wh is the angel in yur life? Why d yu think he r she is yur angel?
_______________________________________________________________________________
两年模拟演练
A
（2021·江苏徐州·校考二模）
根据短文内容，简要回答下面的问题。
A dictinary is very useful t the peple wh are learning English. Peple will use a dictinary fr help when they have difficulty in reading a passage r ding English exercises. Yu will make mre prgress if yu knw hw t use a dictinary efficiently. Here are sme ideas n hw t use a dictinary efficiently.
Chse a suitable dictinary. Chsing a gd dictinary is very imprtant t an English learner. Yu can chse a dictinary which is suitable fr yur English level, needs and interests. Fr a middle schl student in Grade 9, yu can chse Oxfrd Intermediate Learner’s English-Chinese Dictinary.
Try t guess the meaning f a new wrd. Yu may have had such an experience when yu are reading a passage. There’re sme new wrds in it and yu have difficulty in understanding the full passage. What will yu d in this situatin? I think yu shuld guess the meaning befre yu use yur dictinary.
Learn culture frm a dictinary. Yu dn’t just learn a new wrd’s prnunciatin, meaning and ther usages. Yu can learn sme cultural knwledge frm a dictinary as well. A dictinary is a gd friend fr learning English.
It’s a waste fr yu nt t use a dictinary in yur study. But dn’t think the mre yu use a dictinary, the better result yu can get. Yu shuld use yur dictinary in the right way. It’s the mst imprtant. If yu can d as I tld yu. I think yu will imprve yur English sn.
16．What kind f dictinary shuld a learner chse?
_______________________________________________________________________________
17．If Li Jie is a student f Grade 9, can he use an Oxfrd Intermediate Learner’s English-Chinese Dictinary?
_______________________________________________________________________________
18．What shuld a learner d first when having difficulty in understanding the full passage?
_______________________________________________________________________________
19．Which way is the mst imprtant fr a learner t use a dictinary?
A．Chse a suitable dictinary
B．Use a dictinary as ften as pssible
C．Try nt t use dictinary when studying
D．Use a dictinary in the right way
20．What can a learner learn frm a dictinary? Please list THREE.
_______________________________________________________________________________
B
（2022·山东青岛·统考二模）
Jy f the 2022 Winter Olympics
OPINION| Hu Chunchun: Jy f the 2022 Winter Olympics
On 4 February, what was prbably the smallest and mst humble(谦逊的) flame in Olympic histry was lit at the Chinese Natinal Stadium “Bird’s Nest”, and with it athletes at the 2022 Winter Olympics gt serius: nw it is all abut sprting perfrmance and in it is reflected the human wish fr the better.
Star directr and tw-time Olympic Opening Ceremny directr Zhang Yimu has rganized a perfrmance that is in keeping with the zeitgeist(时代精神) f bth the wrld and Chin. The cmparisn with the pening ceremny frm the 2008 Summer Olympics is clear in 2008, fr example, it was an armada(舰队) f 2008 drummers shuting ut the cunting dwn frm 10 t 1; in 2022, it was a digital display f the 24 Chinese slar terms that led t the pening f the Games which fell at the same day as the term “Arrival f spring”. We can see the amazing display f Chinese slar terms, such as, “Beginning f Sumner”, “Majr Snw” and s n.
14 years ag, China wanted t tell the wrld wh “we” are and what “we” have. Tday, we are shwing that we belng t this wrld like everyne else and share much in cmmn. The nce curius newcmer t the mdern and big wrld has nw becme a cnfident adult wh invites the wrld t shre in the beauty f his experience. This is the message f China in 2022.
21．回答问题: What’s the date f the Beijing Winter Olympics Opening Ceremny?
_______________________________________________________________________________
22．回答问题: What led t the pening f the games?
_______________________________________________________________________________
23．用英文与出文中划线单词newcmer指代的是 ________________
24．翻译文中出现的两个中国节气。
(1) “Beginning f Summer”. _____________ (2)“Majr Snw” ______________
25．根据短文内容填空：（每空不多于5个单词）
Beijing is the nly city t hld bth ________ and the Winter Olympics. The pening ceremny f the Winter Olympics Was held in “Bird Nest”. Zhang Yimu, the star directr directed a wnderful perfrmance t bth china and the wrld. The pening f the Winter Olympics is n the same day as the term ________, The pening als send China’s message t the wrld.