2023信阳高级中学高三上期期末测试英语含解析

河南省信阳高级中学2022-2023学年高三上期期末测试

英语答案

1~5 CCBAB    6~10 ACCCA    11~15 BABBC    16~20 AABCA

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在南极工作过的四位女性先驱以及四处以这些女性先驱命名的地方。

21.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据对 Mount Fiennes的介绍“She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic."可知，Ginny Fiennes 在南极建造并维护了80英尺高的无线电发射塔，Mount Fiennes正是以她的名字命名的。22.【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据对Francis Peak 的介绍"Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does."可知，Dame Jane Francis搜集的植物化石证实了南极地区以前的气候比现在温暖得多。

23.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题，根据对Peden Cliffs的介绍的最后一句可知，Irene Peden能够估算出南极冰盖的厚度。

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个跨世纪的钢琴家的故事。

24.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，Colette在1930到1940年的战争期间，去医院做了一名护士。故选项B"She worked as a medical staff during the war."符合。

25.【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句"You might expect this part of her story to be all about loss and express sadness but Colette always kept hope in her heart even in the worst adversity."可知，Colette是一个乐观（optimistic）的人，再根据第一段的第三句"Even now， over a century on， she still sits at her piano every day to practise for several hours."可知，她对于钢琴是十分挚爱（devoted）的。

26.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句"Without a doubt， however， the key ingredient is her love and passion for the piano，（但是毫无疑问，关键的因素是她对钢琴的爱和热情。）”可知，她长寿的关键因素是对钢琴持久的热情。

27.【答案】A

【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章大意可知，文章讲述的是百岁老人Colette一个世纪以来对钢琴演奏的痴迷和热爱。故选A。其他选项则过于片面。

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。展翅飞翔的金色凤凰塑像、可以通往魔法部的红色电话亭、各式各样的魔法杖……在美国纽约的哈利·波特旗舰店，人们仿佛走入了魔法世界。

28.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“...combining impressive design，exciting interactive elements and featured products，and inviting fans to experience the Wizarding World in a completely new way.”可知，Harry Potter New York为消费者提供了全新的购物体验。

29.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中"Entering the store，customers will pass under a huge model of Fawkes，the phoenix looking down from the top of the store."可知，刚进入商店时映入眼帘的是头顶上的模型。

30.【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中"For those who have always dreamed of bringing their favourite Harry Potter character to life， the interactive wand table lets them pick up a wand and put it to the test.”可知，在这里粉丝们可以挑选自己喜欢的魔杖。

31.【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了纽约哈利·波特旗舰店与众不同的一些情况，

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以吞食塑料的“超级蠕虫”，有望帮助人类减少塑料垃圾所带来的危害，从而对全球的气候变暖带来正面的影响。32.【答案】D

【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句“These so-called‘super worms’ could one day help rid landfills of this waste and thus put a dent in one of the drivers of global warming."可知，"put a dent in"意为"减少"，故与之最为接近的为D选项"cut down"。

33.【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句话“They found the insects could survive on polystyrene alone，and in 66.7% of cases，finally transform into beetles on that relatively poor diet.（他们发现这些昆虫可以只依靠聚苯乙烯就可以存活，而且在66.7%的案例里面，最终凭借着相对贫乏的饮食而变成了甲虫）”可知，larvae是甲虫的初级阶段，也是幼体。

34.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段的“goes through this biological degradation using the enzymes， a crucial factor， and then you can feed it to microbes to then produce something like bioplastic”可知，enzymes（酶）是一个关键的因素，而其他选项则与文章的意思相去甚远。

35.【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段，尤其是最后一句"Thus I decided to do some research on reducing the pollution”可知，激发Rinke开展研究的事情是一次假期在岛上见到的塑料垃圾。

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么父母应该停止对自己的孩子大喊大叫的原因。

36.【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文逻辑推理。根据本空之前的两句话"It doesn't make you look authoritative. It makes you look out of control to your kids，（它不会让你看起来有权威。它会让你看起来对自己的孩子失去了控制。）"可知，选项 B"It makes you look weak."与这两句话的结构有相似之处，且在语境上也是连贯的。

37.【答案】F

【解析】考查上下文逻辑推理。根据本空前面的两句话“The use of spanking to discipline children has been in decline for 50 years.But yelling？（50年以来，利用打屁股的方式来管教孩子的行为逐渐下降。然而，对孩子吼叫呢？）"可知，下面一句话应该是对"吼叫"的现状进行介绍，故选项F"Almost everybody still yells at their kids sometimes，even the parents who know it doesn't work."符合语境。

38.【答案】G

【解析】考查上下文逻辑推理。根据本空之前的这句话"A 2019 study in The Journal of Child Development demonstrated that yelling produces results similar to physical punishment in children.（2019年的《儿童发展》的研究表明，吼叫可以产生的结果与体罚小孩是相似的。）”可知，下文应该会具体闹明吼叫对孩子产生的危害，故选项G"It increases levels of anxiety，stress and depression along with an increase in behavioural problems.”全科试题免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》符合语境。

39.【答案】D

【解析】考查上下文逻辑推理。根据文章第三段的第一、二句话"Dr. Kazdin promotes a programme called the ABCs,which stands for antecedents,behaviours and consequences. The antecedent is the setup, telling a child，specifically，what you want them to do before you want them to do it.”以及本空之后的“And the consequence involves an expression of approval when that behaviour is performed,an expression of praise with an accompanying physical gesture of approval." 知，文章的第二句话在谈的是 antecedents，第三句话应该谈behaviours，第四句话谈的是consequences，故选项D符合语境。

40.【答案】C

【解析】考查主旨大意。根据本空之后的"Instead of yelling at your kid every night for the shoes thrown across the floor， ask him in the morning if he can put his shoes away when he comes home."里面的关键词"shoes"可以很容易地找到正确选项C。

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Paul救助了一只从巢里掉落的小松鼠的故事。Paul给小松鼠洗去了身上的跳蚤，随着时间的推移，Paul和小松鼠的关系越来越亲密。Paul试图把松鼠送回大自然，但是小松鼠一次次选择回到Paul的身边。

41.【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。第一段主要讲述了Paul幼年的时候曾经和自己的父亲一起救助了一只名叫Suzy的小松鼠。这段经历对于男孩而言，是终生难忘的。

42.【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。find one's way to/into意为"到达；找到去往……的路"。句意：几十年以后，另外一只小松鼠进入了Paul的生活。

43.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于2019年，当他走过一家商店，看到一只十分害怕的小松鼠正在遭受两个鸟的攻击。

44.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。be attacked by two birds 意为“被两只鸟攻击”。45.【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。fall out of 意为“从……里面掉落”。句意：这只松鼠从它自己的巢里面掉落。

46.【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鸟对此感到不太高兴。

47.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Paul观察的时候，它们把这只松鼠撞到了人行道上。knock sth，onto sth.意为“把……撞到……”。

48.【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。nest意为“巢穴”，句意：我设法把她放回到距离自己的巢穴比较近的地方，但是她的妈妈始终没有把她带回。

49.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定把她带到我的家里度过夜晚。

50.【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文提到松鼠身上有跳蚤可以推知，她可能不太舒服，句意：一到家里，Paul意识到松鼠 Stella看起来不太舒服。

51.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。be covered in/with意为"被……覆盖"。句意：他发现她的身上满是跳蚤。

52.【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。give sb. a bath 意为“给某人洗澡”。句意：所以，他给松鼠洗了澡，全身做了清洁。

53.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。bond意为“（情感的）组带，关系”，与后面的connection是同义词，是最合适的选项。句意：他称他们的关系是"一见如故"。54.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。be meant to do sth.意为“注定做某事”。句意：好像我和她注定是要在一起的。

55.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。the wild意为“自然环境，野生环境”，句意：他好多次试图将她放归野外，但是她依然回来。

56.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。realize意为“意识到某事”。句意：她立即意识到她选择和他生活在一起。

57.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。leave意为“离开”，符合语境。fly意为“飞行”；submit意为“提交”；escape意为“逃离”。句意：注意到她可以随时从他为她敞开的窗户离开（但她却没有离开），他很快意识到她选择和他在一起。

58.【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。part意为“部分”，符合语境。gift意为“礼物”；reward意为“酬谢”；recreation意为“休闲，娱乐”。句意：Stella已经成为Paul生活和家庭的一个大的

59.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。get along with意为“与……和睦相处”；put up with 意为“忍受”；keep up with意为“跟上，保持同步”；get away with意为“逃脱处罚”。句意：他说每个看到她的人都很喜欢她，她甚至和他的两条狗相处融洽。

60.【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。grateful意为“感激的”。句意：他时常会想起Suzy和自己的父亲，他十分感激自己能拯救Stella，就像他的父亲多年以前所做的那样。

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了十一长假期间，露营在全国各地的很多地方的流行趋势以及露营的好处。

61.【答案】means

【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，which为主语，且本句语境为一般现在时。

62.【答案】closer

【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据上文“less human contact”的提示可知，这里应该用close的比较级形式。

63.【答案】by

【解析】考查介词。固定搭配 increase by sth.意为“增长了……”。

64.【答案】where

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。这里用where引导的定语从句修饰前面的先行词lawns。

65.【答案】themselves

【解析】考查代词。固定搭配 equip sb./sth./oneself with sth.意为“给……配备…”。

66.【答案】temporarily

【解析】考查副词。这里为形容词转化为副词，用temporary的副词形式修饰动词escape。

67.【答案】harmonious

【解析】考查形容词。这里为名词转化为形容词。harmonious parent-child relationships 意为“和谐的亲子关系”。

68.【答案】a

【解析】考查冠词。a sense of ritual social clock 意为"一种传统的社会时钟的意识"。

69.【答案】Compared

【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里用动词的过去分词作状语。compared with意为"与……相比较"。

70.【答案】length

【解析】考查名词。这里为形容词转化为名词。the length of vacation意为“假期的长度”。

短文改错

书面表达

One possible version:

Dear Mrs. White,

I am honoured to make a speech to welcome you. It is a great pleasure to have you teach us English listening comprehension and spoken English.Now I would like to introduce our school to you.

In the very middle of the school yard stands the teaching building where you will be working. There is a library near it,in which you can find a great number of books and magazines. Behind the teaching building is a large playground on the right side. To the left is the dining hall where you will have the chance to eat a lot of delicious and healthy Chinese food.

We sincerely hope you'll enjoy your stay here. And I believe we will make rapid progress in English with your help.

Thank you！

【评分标准】

在评分时，应注意以下几个方面：

1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。

2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3.词数少于80，从总分中减去2分。

4.评分时，应注意的主要内容有内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。

5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

6.如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。

听力部分录音材料

(Text 1)

W:I can't see these tiny words on the newspaper. Can you see them?

M: I'm sorry. You know my eyes are even worse than yours, honey! Aimee, can you get your grandma's glasses？

(Text 2)

M: Do you like rock music? I listen to a lot of loud dance music and rock music. They make me feel energetic. W:No. I like dancing, but I am fond of soft and relaxing music.

(Text 3)

M:Look at this big apple tree!There are so many apples on it.Let's climb it and pick some to eat.

W: Sorry, I don't think it is a good idea. The tree is so big; we can't climb it without a ladder. If you want to eat apples,let's go to the grocery nearby.

(Text 4)

M: Mum, I don't want to eat vegetables. They taste terrible. I want to eat some chocolate and ice cream before the meal.

W:You can eat some fruit or yogurt first. If you eat an apple first,I would give you a small piece of chocolate cake.

M:OK,Mum.

(Text 5)

W: My computer class isn't going very well. The teacher just has us read the textbook all the time, and I don't understand this stuff.

M: That sounds difficult. It may be easier if you could actually use a computer or watch some relevant videos on the Internet. (Text 6)

M： Welcome to Thailand！ I'm Maclean， your tour guide. Have you ever been here before？

W:This is my first time visiting.I am a chef.I came to try different foods. I also want to see some animals and go shopping for some jewelry.

M:Good choice. The food in Thailand is amazing. You should go to the famous restaurant featuring Thai cuisine in the downtown of Bangkok. And there are lots of good places to shop in Bangkok. W: Are there some museums about food?

M:I'm sorry. There is no big museum about food in the downtown.

 (Text 7)

W:I will meet you in the weight room in 10 minutes. I'm just going to put my jacket in a locker.

M: Why don't we try the new cycling class instead? They play really loud music, and you forget you're even exercising. I have heard you can burn 800 calories in 45-minute class.

W:I rode my bike here,so I think I will pass. I probably have already burned 800 calories since it took me an hour to get here.

M: I'm impressed. If I had done that bike ride, I'd be done for the day. I wish I were as athletic as you. W: Ah, by the way, I would like to mention I will ride to the park to meet my mother there after the exercise here.

M： Wow. You are really great！

(Text 8)

W：Did you see how fast that car went by？He just missed hitting us by inches.

M: He is driving a Ferrari. But you are right... he should be more careful. That was close.

W: He's not on a racetrack or even a freeway. He almost crashed into us, and if I had dropped my shopping bag,that would have been a disaster.

M:I know. Vases are fragile. It could have easily broken if it fell.

W:Yes! And then I'd have to buy another wedding gift for my sister. How long were we in that store just looking for this vase?I mean,we looked at tons of them!

M: You're right, honey. We were in that store for over an hour. I didn't mind because I love shopping. And that store has such pretty things for our house. I was glad I resisted buying anything else,though. Everything in there is super expensive.

W:True,but my sister deserves nothing but the best on her special day.

(Text 9)

M:Janet,do you know of any apartments that are available in our neighbourhood? The most my son can afford to pay is $1,500 a month.

W:I thought he was studying at college and living in New York. Did he graduate from NYU already?

M: Oh, yes, three months ago. He graduated with honours. He just moved back here to be close to me. He said he missed his father.

W： How sweet！ What about the two rooms you built in your garage that overlook the garden？ Couldn't he live there？

M: He could, but I want him to be more independent.He should learn how to pay bills and stay within a budget.

W:You should go easy on him.My son lives with me and we get along well. I give him his privacy and he gives me mine. He is still a very responsible young man.

M:Does he pay you rent?Because I would at least expect that from my son. W：He pays me $500 a month.

M:That's not very much. You could get a lot more from a stranger.

W:True,but my son also does housework for me.The backyard has never looked better. He said he likes working outdoors.

(Text 10)

A wildfire has been reported in Riverside County, Montana, east of Taylorsville. In this case, a campfire in the nearby Horse Peak Campground is thought to be the cause of this wildfire. Although lightning can cause wildfires,people cause 4 out of 5 of them.The especially dry weather this July,combined with strong winds from the west, has spread the fire at an alarming rate. The fire began only two hours ago,burning nearly 2 acres of land near the campground. Now it is quickly spread to 15 acres. The wildfire moves at speeds of up to 14 miles an hour,consuming everything—trees,bushes, homes, even humans—in its path. Firefighters have done their best to try to slow the spread. If you live between Taylorsville and Horse Peak,you may be in danger. Residents in this area are advised to go to special shelters that have been set up in Lincoln City. The Rock Couty Fire Department has joined the Riverside Fire Department in fighting the fire, and it is expected to be under control by tomorrow morning.