2022-2023学年上海中学高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年上海中学高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共27页。

2022-2023学年上海中学高二（上）期末英语试卷
1. No one was convinced by her insistence___________ to blame.（　　）
A. that she be not B. that she was not
C. on her being not D. on her not be
2. Do remember you___________ breathe a word of this to anyone.（　　）
A. won't B. shan't C. don't D. wouldn't
3. He___________ ask too much about her private life as she was so sensitive about it.（　　）
A. not dared B. didn't dare to C. dared not to D. dares not to
4. Timmy，why ___________ in the mud？I have already told you so many times not to!（　　）
A. must you sit B. should you sit C. will you sit D. can you sit
5. It is obvious that nobody wants to make friends with the poor boy___________money.（　　）
A. suspecting to have stolen B. suspecting to steal
C. suspected having stolen D. suspected of having stolen
6. Could it have been on her birthday ___________ her parents gave her this computer as a present？（　　）
A. then B. that C. when D. that's why
7. The use of radar as well as the two-way radio________ for the police to intercept most speeders.（　　）
A. makes it a possibility B. make possible it
C. makes it possible D. make possible
8. _______ his impeccable intellectual and social credentials，we wouldn't have managed to get the grant.（　　）
A. If it weren't for B. Had not it been for
C. With the help of D. But for
9. ______ in her veins some of the blood of the bohemian and the adventuress who runs barefoot.（　　）
A. There flown B. Here flew C. There flows D. Here flow
10. Once again，Jeff could interact with the dolphins and find affection in return._________（　　）
A. Little he dreamed how severely his love could be tested.
B. Little has he dreamed how severely his love will be tested.
C. Little dreamed he how severely his love would be tested.
D. Little did he dream how severely his love would be tested.
11. Tracy McGrady announced his operation decision to the press without informing his club，leaving his team members ___________ why he did so.（　　）
A. to wonder B. wondered C. wondering D. wonder
12. Not long ago ___________ in mysterious circumstances，following the death of another opposition leader
earlier this year.（　　）
A. died a leader of the democratic opposition
B. did a leader of the democratic opposition die
C. a leader of the democratic opposition had died
D. a leader of the democratic opposition died
13. ___________ enquiries and seek for reliable new-corporation logistics company for transloading，we would be glad to assist and append our best competitive rates to you.（　　）
A. If you had had B. Should you have
C. But that you had D. You are to have
14. Any change in consciousness is accompanied by a（n） ___________ change in the biophysical system.（　　）
A. exhausting B. discreet C. corresponding D. distracting
15. The depth and extent of this understanding have been shown in some work of ___________ quality and insight.（　　）
A. fancy B. exceptional C. promising D. flexible
16. Polish national long-stay visas their holders to a maximum 5-day visa-free transit through the___________Schengen territory （only on the way to Poland）.（　　）
A. attached B. stuck C. exposed D. entitled
17. A special period should be___________ solely for the purpose of carrying out an inspection.（　　）
A. set aside B. set against C. set off D. set back
18.
How language transformed humanity

Language is very probably the one characteristic that separates us from the chimpanzees，our closest relatives.All other major differences between us likely stem from language. "It allows you to implant （植入） a thought from your mind directly into someone else's mind"，says Mark Pagel，professor and head of the Evolution Laboratory at the University of Reading.
Humans use discrete （分离的） pulses of sound -- their language -- (1) （alter） the internal settings inside someone else's brain to suit an individual's interests.Language is a form of social learning instead of something (2) （pursue） all by oneself.
Social learning is visual theft：for example，if I can learn by watching you，I can steal （and benefit from） your best ideas，wisdom or skills without having to invest the time and energy to develop these (3) .
There are two options for dealing with this crisis：either return into small family groups so the benefits of each group's knowledge (4) （ share） only with one's relatives or expand one's group to include unrelated others. (5) our relatives，the Neanderthals，who withdrew into small groups，humans chose the second option，and language was the result.
"Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft and to exploit cooperation and exchange"，says Professor Pagel.
In fact，as Professor Pagel argues，language is a "social technology" (6) （allow） for cooperation between unrelated individuals and groups.According to the archaeological record，it was this cooperation and sharing of ideas (7) came before human migration around the planet and the following human population explosion.
But almost incomprehensibly，thousands of languages evolved.So just (8) a shared language facilitates communication and cooperation between unrelated groups，different languages slow the flow of ideas，technologies -- and even genes.
"Can humans afford to have all these different languages？" asks Professor Pagel.In a world (9) we want to promote cooperation，in a world that is more dependent than ever on cooperation to maintain and enhance humanity's levels of prosperity，multiple languages (10) not be practical.
In fact，humanity's "destiny is to be one world with one language"，concludes Professor Pagel.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
19.

A.labour
B.manner
C.highlighting
D.circumstances
E.updated
F.characterized
G.integrated
H.admirable
I.accommodate
J.overseeing
K.flexible

The house of the future？A sun-filled，shape-shifting，shed-share paradise
What will homes be like 10 years from now？Judging by the winners of the Home of 2030 competition，sharing will be key.
Shared home-working spaces，communal garden sheds and houses built using apps - these are just some of the ideas in the winning proposals for the government's Home of 2030 competition to develop prototype "homes fit for the future"，（ 1）______ the "best of British design".The aim was to imagine what the best age-adaptable，energy-efficient，healthy homes might look like in 10 years' time；but，according to the winning architects，most of the best ideas have been around for generations.
"You can't get much more （2）______ and adaptable than the Georgian townhouse， " says Jennifer Beningfield of Openstudio，leader of one of the two winning teams announced today. "We've taken this very simple model and （3）______ it for the 21st century.Our idea was to create infinite choice and variation from something very simple. "
Her team's scheme imagines a terraced （排房的） housing type made from two standard components，a base unit and a loft，joined with "connector" pieces，taking into account multiple configurations （布局） over time as family （4）______ change.Standing between the homes，the connectors would （5）______ stairs and a lift，as well as storage and shared workspace.One of the most important aspects since the pandemic，says Beningfield，is providing "space to work from home，without having your laptop on the kitchen table".Each home would have its own private outdoor space，while they would all back on to large communal gardens，arranged in the （6）______ of a traditional London square.
Built off-site to demanding Passivhaus standards，with a twin wall timber frame，the homes would be （7）______ by generous 2.7 m high ceilings and tall 2.5 m windows and doors，massively increasing the amount of daylight brought into the rooms，compared with most new-build spec housing.Beningfield，who studied and worked in South Africa and the US，says that off-site construction is crucial，given the shocking build quality of so many new homes in the UK - which she fears will only get worse after Brexit，if much of the skilled （8）______is forced to leave.
As is so often the case with blue-sky （纯理论的） ideas competitions，the ambitions of the Home of 2030 winning teams are （9）______ - and，in this case，completely buildable - but there is little evidence to suggest that either the government or the volume housebuilding sector has any intention of putting them into practice.For that，we must look to Sunderland in 2023，and hope that a（n）（ 10）______ union of other councils，communities and smaller-scale builders have the imagination to follow their lead.
Left out of society：Vanuatu's deaf community push for national sign language

Tasale Edward Bule，a 45-year-old fisher from Vanuatu's Efate island，remembers the day the world went silent. "I woke up one morning and remember not hearing the birds sing，or the rooster crow， " Bule says. "I asked everyone to call my name to see if I would hear them - it was then I realised I had (20) the hearing in both my ears. " The illness that took his hearing has never been clearly explained to Bule by a doctor.But at 14，and with no (21) sign language or disability support，he left school，despite dreaming of one day becoming a pilot or an engineer.
Bule's story would be (22) much of the deaf community in the Pacific country of Vanuatu.With no national sign language，most people have to (23)their own ways to communicate.Some use signs
they've developed with their families and communities，but then (24) to communicate outside this group.Others，like Bule，rely largely on lip-reading to (25) .
Disability advocates say this leaves the deaf community unable to participate fully in society.The group are also more (26) during natural disasters，frequent in Vanuatu.Thus people are seeking to create an official language in the hope of (27) life for the hard of hearing community in the Pacific nation.(28)， the government hopes to fix this too.It is currently developing a national sign language，to be called Storian wetem han，or "using hands to communicate".
The initiative，which is funded by the Global Partnership for Education and the World Bank，has seen (29) travel the country collecting signs from deaf people，and filming deaf people signing different words，which will be (30) to a sign language dictionary software program and turned into a national sign language.
Once developed，Vanuatu would join Fiji，Kiribati，Samoa and Solomon Islands as Pacific nations with a national sign language，though at present Papua New Guinea is the only country where its sign language，Auslan-PNG Sign，is an officially (31) national language.
The government hopes that Storian wetem han will be able to be (32) fully across the country in 2024.
For now though，Arthur Simrai，a field officer for the Vanuatu Society for People Living with DisabilitySimrai，says that many of those living with hearing loss don't (33)sign language on the rare occasions that they see it. "Most of the people who can't hear，they don't know the sign language on the screen， " he said. "They have their own sign at home …with their family to signal or communicate what they want …but not everyone in the community know. "
If Vanuatu is able to make a (34) of its national sign language，Simrai says，it would make an enormous difference to the lives of people who are deaf across the country.


20.  A. enhanced B. lost C. developed D. disabled
21.  A. independence of B. treatment for
C. impact on D. access to
22.  A. appealing to B. familiar to C. distinct from D. due to
23.  A. invent B. perform C. enhance D. abandon
24.  A. manage B. resolve C. deserve D. struggle
25.  A. get by B. back up C. settle down D. take over
26.  A. plausible B. distracted C. vulnerable D. regretful
27.  A. creating B. conveying C. changing D. combining
28.  A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. However D. Nevertheless
29.  A. officials B. netizens C. soldiers D. therapists
30.  A. delivered B. downloaded C. filtered D. uploaded
31.  A. exposed B. targeted C. considered D. recognised
32.  A. referred to B. rolled out C. deprived of D. drunk to
33.  A. remember B. collect C. recognise D. film
34.  A. copy B. mess C. success D. series
U
An exhibition of vivid photographs and a restored documentary give fresh insight into the Antarctic explorer，who died a century ago.
One hundred years ago，the leader of the last great expedition of the heroic age of polar exploration died from a heart attack as his ship，Quest，headed for Antarctica.The announcement of the death of Ernest Shackleton on 30 January 1922 was greeted with an outpouring of national grief.
This was the man，after all，who had saved the entire crew of his ship Endurance - which had been crushed and sunk by ice in 1915 - by making a daring trip in a tiny open boat over 750 miles of polar sea to raise the alarm at a whaling station in South Georgia.
It remains one of the greatest rescue stories of modern history and led to the idolising of Shackleton in the United Kingdom，a reputation that survived undamaged for the rest of the century.As his contemporary Raymond Priestley，the geologist and Antarctic explorer，later put it： "When disaster strikes and all hope is gone，get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton. "
And here and now in 2022，his death is being marked with an elaborately illustrated exhibition - Shackleton's legacy and the power of early Antarctic photography - which opens at the Royal Geographical Society （RGS），and which includes a range of images and artefacts from his expeditions.Additionally，a digitally remade version of South，a documentary film of Shackleton's 1914-16 Endurance expedition，is being screened at the British Film Institute.
The film and most of the exhibition's finest images are the handiwork of Frank Hurley，who sailed with Shackleton and who was one of the 20th century's greatest photographers and film-makers.Both film and exhibition feature striking camera work and provide vivid accounts of the hardships that Shackleton and his men endured as they headed off to explore Antarctica.
Even after he survived the great expedition，he still longed for another trip to Antarctica，and after long negotiations set sail in Quest，from England，with the aim of circumnavigating （环航） Antarctica，Shackleton was by now very ill and had suffered at least one heart attack.On 2 January 1922，he wrote in his diary： "I grow old and tired but must always lead on. " Three days later he had a major heart attack and died a few hours later.He is buried on South Georgia，scene of his greatest triumph.
"Shackleton was an inspirational leader.He had an innate sense of what was possible and achievable.He also had a huge personality but led by example.At the same time，he was sensitive to the needs of the individuals he was leading.For example，after Endurance broke up，his men had lost their protection and shelter. .There would have been disagreement.Yet Shackleton succeeded in keeping them together and made sure they survived. "
35. People were overcome with grief when Ernest Shackleton died because ______ .
A. it was a huge pity that such a brave explorer should have died from a heart attack
B. he was the man that wrote about one of the greatest rescue stories of modern history
C. he came to his entire crew's rescue and symbolized hope in extreme circumstances
D. there was no one to pray to anymore when disaster came and there was no hope
36. What can we learn about the exhibition？ ______
A. It presents Shackleton's 1914-16 Endurance expedition with powerful Antarctic photos.
B. It celebrates the 100th anniversary of the great explorer Ernest Shackleton's birth.
C. It consists of vivid photographs，artefacts，and documentaries of Ernest Shackleton.
D. It is created by Frank Hurley，who witnessed Shackleton's heroic acts with his own eyes.
37. Which of the following is NOT true about Ernest Shackleton according to the passage？ ______
A. He was the leader of a heroic exploration to the South pole，who died from a heart attack off shore.
B. He saved the crew members of the sunken Endurance by travelling to raise the alarm in a tiny boat.
C. He is universally recognized as the greatest Antarctic explorer who has enjoyed enduring fame.
D. He was inspirational，practical，responsible，sensitive towards his men，but had a strong character.
38. What does " ." in the last paragraph most probably mean？ ______
A. What they wore would not be accepted by others upon returning.
B. They could no longer socialize with others even if they went back.
C. The ship could not keep them together even if they survived.
D. They could not function socially as they had when there was shelter.
V
Four great mini adventures in the UK

Swim with seals，Lundy Island
Suits Water babies
Difficulty Easy to moderate
Known - with a large pinch of salt and bundles of imagination - as the UK，s Galapagos，this small island off the coast of Devon has an abundance of wildlife to discover.The cliffs are home to scores of birds from puffins to kittiwake，razorbills and guillemots，the grassland harbors the Lundy pony and sika deer and the sea grey seals.It's these aquatic mammals that offer the most memorable encounters.Renowned for getting up close and personal with snorkelers，they often rub human visitors with their noses （despite rules stating people should keep a distance!）.
Swim with Seals £69.50 pp including ferry from Ilfracombe，bristolchannelcharters.co.uk
Stargaze from a bothy （茅屋），mid Wales
Suits Nature-lovers who can rough it
Difficulty Moderate
Nestled in the Elan Valley - an area dotted with reservoirs and woodland and known by very few - is a little bothy called Lluest Cwmbach.Recently refurbished by the volunteer-run and donation-funded Mountain Bothies Association （MBA），it offers a basic shelter from the elements comprising of sleeping platforms，a solid fuel stove （bring your own fuel），and even an outside toilet （a luxury for a bothy）.As it's far from the nearest towns and villages and their light pollution，it offers some of the best stargazing in Wales.Not bad for nothing - though note they are not bookable，so space is never guaranteed.
Free，though joining the MBA （£25 a year） helps with the upkeep of these wonderful buildings，mountainbothies.org.uk
Downhill on a mountain bike，Brecon Beacons
Suits Speed freaks
Difficulty Moderate to hard
From the Mid Glamorgan town of Merthyr Tydfil a whole host of mountain bike routes lay in wait for the brave.There's just one catch - the big Brecon peaks.For hard-core bikers that's not an issue but for those new to muddy trails it can be off-putting.But Adventure Cycling Wales has the answer：let them worry about the ascent.They transport bike and rider to the top of the most epic routes and it is all downhill from there.
From £35 including bike hire and lift to route start，adventurecyclingwales.co.uk
White water rafting，Hertfordshire
Suits Adrenaline lovers
Difficulty Challenging
Built for the canoe slalom at London 2012，Lee Valley White Water Centre，just 17 miles from central London，now also offers mere mortals the chance to take to the rapids.With everything on offer from tasters of the full-on foaming course to tubing and family fun，it provides an adrenaline-packed day trip from the capital.
Tasters from £25 pp，must be 14+，gowhitewater.co.uk


39. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. Travellers should strictly stay away from the wild aquatic mammals on Lundy Island.
B. People only need to bring your own fuel to Lluest Cwmbach as it is a luxurious bothy.
C. Riders descend from the big Brecon peaks along muddy but fantastic bike routes.
D. Sightseers can spend an exciting day going white-watering in central London.
40. If Arthur and his wife want to take to the water and enjoy family fun with their 12-year-old twins，how much do they have to spend at least？ ______
A. £75. B. £140. C. £100. D. £278.
41. Which column on the newspaper would this passage most probably belong to？ ______
A. Natural Wonders . B. Travel Bargains .
C. Exploring UK . D. Travel Tips.
W
In these times of worldwide communications，science is no different from other professions in that English is now the established "universal" language.Like it or not，most scientific reports are published in English，although some countries also have journals that are published in their native languages.But how did English develop into the dominant language of scientific discourse （会话）？Was it a joint decision or did it happen progressively and "accidentally"？And was it a positive move for all？
Arabic was used in all countries with an Islamic culture in the middle ages，while in Europe Latin was used for communication in science and education until the 17th century.During the Enlightenment，Latin lost favour as it was thought to be too complicated.Instead，scientific communication became more "provincial"；German，French，Italian and English were used in their respective countries and colonies，with different languages being more important in different disciplines — German，for instance，was widely used in physics，chemistry and some aspects of medicine and psychology.The relative use of these languages changed through history，reflecting the relative growth and decline of science，culture and economics in these countries.Thus，the use of French predominated in the 18th century，whereas German was most widespread in the 19th and English dominated the 20th.Social upheaval （剧变） also played a role — the use of French declined dramatically after World War I，whereas that of German increased in parallel until World War II.After World War II，and especially in the past 30 years，English progressively established itself as the primary language for scientific communication as America came to dominate both basic research and technology.In the 1920s the need for a universal language of science was debated，and a synthetic language，Esperanto，was developed but never widely used.
Despite the obvious appeal of having a common language that allows scientists around the world to communicate with one another，there can indeed be some drawbacks in using English for all communication — non-native English speakers can be at a disadvantage compared with native speakers when it comes to expressing and highlighting the interest of their papers and communicating with editors and referees.Careful copy editing can tackle the problem of accessibility of accepted manuscripts，but upstream of this stage it is down to all parties to ensure that they evaluate work on its scientific merit rather than its proper use of grammar.
The use of a universal language for communication in science is unavoidable as one obvious advantage is that findings can be more widely accessed，and resisting this concept for the sake of cultural difference would seem to be anything but productive.However，the use of national language and less technical language is useful in communicating science to the general public，as is the case with the Nature gateways in Japanese，Chinese，Korean and German.
42. Which of the following does NOT contribute to the changes of languages in science through history？ ______
A. Scientific development. B. Cultural influence.
C. Economic climate. D. Social communication.
43. The downside of using English for all scientific communication involves ______ .
A. some scientific work being undervalued due to its improper use of grammar
B. acknowledged manuscripts sometimes not being accessed with enough care
C. editors and referees' failure to communicate with the authors of the papers
D. non-native English speakers being unable to express what interests them well
44. What can we infer from the last paragraph？ ______
A. Creating a universal language in scientific communication is inevitable.
B. A universal language enables more people to read about scientific findings.
C. Cultural difference adds to the difficulty in increasing scientific productivity.
D. Ordinary people also benefit from the use of technical language in science.
45. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage？ ______
A. Universal Language Established . B. Universal Language of Science.
C. Breaking the Language Barrier . D. Breaking the Language Dominance.


A.A sleeping layer might include a platform bed with a desk or closet space underneath，for example.
B.There's a very fixed idea of what an apartment needs to be and who you expect to live in the unit will affect the design.
C.Often their strategies sought to reduce the human footprint on the environment and save energy.
D.So small sinks and showers are nothing new in compact Japanese bathrooms.
E.Storage space is cleverly hidden within walls and pushed up to ceilings.
F.The number of single-person households is rising，although housing has not kept pace with demographic change.
With an eye on urbanization，population growth and efficiency，tiny spaces were a big theme at this summer's Dwell on Design conference in Los Angeles.Designers from around the world proudly presented housing and products for living small - from transformable furniture to 3 D printed interior objects. (1) Urban housing supplies are already straining （紧张） worldwide with 54% of the global population of 7.2 billion living in cities，according to the United Nation's World Urbanization Prospects 2014 report.By 2050，that number is expected to rise to 6.33 billion，or 66% of a forecasted world population of 9.6 billion.
In North America，about 82% of the total population - roughly 473.8 million people - lives in urban areas. (2) Many of the new units being built are getting smaller and smaller，challenging municipal（市政的） housing codes and zoning regulations.
Micro-apartments tricked out with scaled-down，adaptable furniture and decor could make urban living more compatible （兼容的）with the way people increasingly live now - and help cities as they attempt to absorb more people in the future.The challenges include how to do so affordably，comfortably and with enough privacy to make these spaces homes as well as housing.
Re-thinking the toilet
The greater Tokyo area is the world's most densely populated metropolitan region with some 38 million residents packed into about 5，200 sq miles. (3) TOTO，the Japanese bathroom fixtures and plumbing company，showcased micro-toilet design for bathrooms as small as 9 sq feet （0.84 meters）at the Dwell on Design conference.
The design also carries the EPA WaterSense label，averaging a lean 1 gallon per flush.This "saves a family of four more than ﹩ 90 annually on their water bill，and ﹩ 2，000 over the lifetime of the toilet"，said TOTO USA's Lenora Campos.
Convertible furniture re-imagined
To furnish a micro-apartment comfortably，Resource Furniture has re-imagined the old Murphy beds and folding tables with sophisticated book shelves，desks and sofas that can convert into beds.Drawers pull out from under stairs. (4)
46.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
47.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
48.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
49.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
50. 如果我们带的燃料不够支撑一整晚怎么办？（ What if）______
51. 语言学习对人类大脑的影响堪称神奇。（nothing）______
52. 神话故事的存在证明了人类自古以来就对宇宙充满了幻想。（date）______
53. 这本科幻小说的结局使读者领悟到，如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护，人类终将自食其果。（awaken）______
答案和解析

1.【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：她坚持认为她不该受到责备，谁也不相信。此句中that引导同位语从句，对名词insistence进行解释说明，当insistence意为"坚持要求"，则使用虚拟语气即sb should do sth，其中should可省略，当insistence意为"坚持认为"，则使用真实语气。通过句意可知此处表示坚持认为，故接真实语气，主从句时态一致都用一般过去时。
故选：B。
她坚持认为她不该受到责备，谁也不相信。
考查同位语从句，做此类题目时要认真分析句子结构，判断出句型及其使用方法，再结合选项选出最佳答案。

2.【答案】B
【解析】A.won't将不；B.shan't不会（表许诺）；C.don't不；D.wouldn't将不会。分析句子，此处表示"许诺"应该使用shall not，其缩写形式为shan't。
故选：B。
记住，你不会向任何人透露这件事。
单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型。它可集中考查词法、句法、语法知识。因此在各级各类考试中，单项选择是必不可少的题型。解答单项选择题，一般要经过四个阶段：阅读审题 --观察分析--选择判断--复查验证。

3.【答案】B
【解析】考查dare的用法。句意：他不敢对她的私生活问太多，因为她对此很敏感。根据后面的"was"可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，排除D项。作为实义动词，dare to do sth."敢做某事"，一般陈述句的否定形式是助动词do/does+not+动词原形，此处要用过去时，应用did+not+动词原形。作为情态动词，dare后面用动词原形，dare do sth.，表达否定，用dare not do sth.，排除AC项。
故选：B。
他不敢对她的私生活过问太多，因为她对此很敏感。
掌握dare的用法是解答此题的关键。

4.【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：Timmy，你为什么要坐在泥里呢？我已经告诉过你很多次了不能这样做。must"必须，一定"；should"应该"；will"将要"；can "能够"。通过分析句子可知，已经说过多次不要坐在泥里，结果还这样做，这个举动让作者觉得惊讶，选用must表示作者的疑惑。
故选：A。
Timmy，你为什么要坐在泥里呢？我已经告诉过你很多次了不能这样做。
考查情态动词，要熟知每个情态动词的不用含义和区别，并且要掌握情态动词的不用用法，再结合题目和选项选出最佳答案。

5.【答案】D
【解析】根据句子结构可知，本句是with的复合结构，with结构中的名词the poor boy与提示词suspect是被动关系，且根据固定搭配suspect sb.of （doing） sth.，意为"怀疑某人做某事"，且根据句意可知，偷钱的事发生在过去，故结构应为suspect sb.of having done sth.，意为"怀疑某人已经做了某事"。
故选：D。
很明显，没有人愿意和那个被怀疑偷钱的穷男孩交朋友。
单选题，考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

6.【答案】B
【解析】考查强调结构。句意：有没有可能是在她生日那天，她的父母把这台电脑作为生日礼物送给她？通过分析句子可知，此句考查强调结构，其结构形式为it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其它成分，若被强调部分是人，可用who或that，若被强调部分不为人，只能用that。此为强调结构的一般疑问句，强调时间状语on her birthday。
故选：B。
有没有可能是在她生日那天，她的父母把这台电脑作为生日礼物送给她？
考查强调结构，做此类题目时要认真分析句子结构，判断出句型以及被强调部分，并进行检验（把it is/was和that省略，被强调部分和其它部分可以组成一个完整的句子），最后结合选项选出最佳答案。

7.【答案】C
【解析】it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语to intercept most speeders，形容词possible作宾语补足语；当主语后面跟有with，together with，along with，accompanied by，like，in addition to，as well as，as much as，more than，rather than，no less than，except，but，besides，including等连接的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数不受这些词语的影响，和前边的主语保持一致，本句主语The use of radar表示单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。C项正确。
故选：C。
雷达和双向无线电的使用使警察有可能拦截大多数超速者。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

8.【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：要不是他无可挑剔的智力和社会资历，我们就无法获得资助。A.If it weren't for如果不是……；B.Had not it been for如果不是……；C.With the help of 在……的帮助下；D．But for要不是。根据"wouldn't have managed"推断句子应该是对过去情况的虚拟假设，所以排除A项，B项不正确应为Had it not been for，C项不符合句意，D项But for"要不是"符合语境。
故选：D。
要不是他无可挑剔的智力和社会资历，我们根本无法获得资助。
学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的答案。

9.【答案】C
【解析】考查完全倒装。句意：她的血管里流淌着波希米亚人和赤脚奔跑的女冒险家的血液。通过分析句子可知，血管里流淌着血液是一直持续的动作，使用一般现在时，血液blood为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数flows，将地点副词提至句首使用完全倒装，将谓语动词提至主语前。
故选：C。
她的血管里流淌着波希米亚人和赤脚奔跑的女冒险家的血液。
考查全部倒装，做此类题目时，要先分析句子结构，判断出倒装的类型，再结合句子中的时间状语或其它谓语动词的时态判断出所需填空的谓语时态，结合选项选出最佳答案。

10.【答案】D
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：再一次，杰夫可以和海豚互动，并找到感情回报。他做梦也没想到他的爱会受到多么严峻的考验。通过分析句子可知，little是否定词，位于句首使用部分倒装，即把情态动词、系动词、助动词提至主语前。根据句子could可判断此句为发生在过去的事，使用一般过去时，故添加助动词did位于主语he前。
故选：D。
再一次，杰夫可以和海豚互动，并找到感情回报。他做梦也没想到他的爱会受到多么严峻的考验。
考查部分倒装，做此类题目时要先判断部分倒装的使用类型，确定否定词位于句首后要通过分析句子确定要提前至主语前的是情态动词、系动词还是助动词，最后结合选项选出最佳选项。

11.【答案】C
【解析】leave sb doing sth."让某人一直做某事"，是固定搭配，现在分词作宾语补足语。C项正确。
故选：C。
特雷西•麦克格雷迪在没有通知俱乐部的情况下向媒体宣布了他的手术决定，让他的团队成员想知道他为什么这么做。
非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案。

12.【答案】D
【解析】句意：不久前，在另一位领导人在今年早些时候去世之后，一位民主反对派领导人在神秘情况下去世。通过分析句子可知，not long ago"不久前"为过去时间状语，而非否定词，句子的谓语动词使用一般过去时，不可使用倒装。
故选：D。
不久前，在另一位领导人于今年早些时候去世之后，一位民主反对派领导人在神秘情况下去世。
考查陈述句的时态，要认真辨识时间状语，判断是否为否定词，再根据时间状语确定谓语的时态和语态，结合相关选项选出最佳答案。

13.【答案】B
【解析】根据主句谓语动词would be glad to assist 可知，本句是虚拟句，由主句结构判断是对现在或将来的虚拟。根据句意表达可判断，是对未来事情的虚拟假设，故if条件句可用should+do的表达，且当if条件句中有should时，if条件句可省略倒装，即省略if且将should置于句首。
故选：B。
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单选题，考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

14.【答案】C
【解析】A．exhausting令人疲惫的；B．discreet谨慎的；C．corresponding相应的；D．distracting使人分心的。根据句意"意识的任何变化都伴随着生物物理系统的相应变化。"可知，空处意为"相应的"。
故选：C。
意识的任何变化都伴随着生物物理系统的相应变化。
先分析选项的意思，再结合句意选出正确的答案。

15.【答案】B
【解析】A．fancy华丽的；B．exceptional出色的，非凡的；C．promising有希望的，有前途的；D．flexible易弯曲的，可变通的。根据句意"这种理解的深度和广度在一些高质量和有洞察力的作品中得到了体现。"可知，此处意为"高质量和有洞察力的作品"，B项符合语义。
故选：B。
这种理解的深度和广度在一些高质量和有洞察力的作品中得到了体现。
先分析选项的意思，再结合句意选出正确的答案。

16.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：波兰国家长期居留签证持有人最多可在申根领土过境5天免签证（仅在前往波兰的途中）。A．attached附属的；B．stuck动不了的；C．exposed无遮蔽的；D．entitled有资格的。根据句意可知，entitled"有资格的"符合语境。
故选：D。
波兰国家长期居留签证持有人最多可在申根领土过境5天免签证（仅在前往波兰的途中）。
考查形容词，弄清楚各个形容词的含义并区别各个形容词之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

17.【答案】A
【解析】A．set aside留出；B．set against反对；C．set off出发；D．set back倒退。根据句意"应专门留出一段时间进行检查。"可知，空处意为"留出（时间）"。
故选：A。
应专门留出一段时间进行检查。
先分析选项的意思，再结合句意选出正确的答案。

18.【答案】【小题1】to alter
【小题2】pursued
【小题3】things
【小题4】are shared
【小题5】Like
【小题6】allowing
【小题7】that
【小题8】only
【小题9】where
【小题10】can
【解析】（1）考查不定式。句意：人类使用离散的声音脉冲---他们的语言---来改变别人大脑中的内部设置，以满足个人的兴趣。分析句子，句中use sth to do sth为固定短语，意为"使用某物去做某事"。故填to alter。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：语言是社会学习的一种形式，而不是个人追求的东西。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语动词作后置定语，something和pursue之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词。故填 pursued。
（3）考查名词。句意：社交学习是视觉盗窃：例如，如果我可以通过观察你来学习，我就可以窃取（并受益于）你最好的想法、智慧或技能，而不需要投入时间和精力来发展这些东西。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语，此处表示前文的"想法、智慧或技能"。故填things。
（4）考查动词时态和语态。句意：应对这一危机有两种选择：要么回到小家庭群体，这样每个群体的知识收益只与自己的亲属分享，要么扩大自己的群体，包括不相关的其他人。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实故使用一般现在时，同时benefits和share之间为被动关系，故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填are shared。
（5）考查介词。句意：就像我们的亲戚尼安德特人一样，他们退缩成小群体，人类选择了第一种选择，语言就是结果。分析句子，设空处填写介词与后文our relatives构成介词短语，此处表示举例。用like，意为"像"；同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Like。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：事实上，正如佩格尔教授所言，语言是一种"社交技术" ，允许不相关的个人和群体之间进行合作。分析句子，设空处使用非谓语动词，social technology与allow之间为主动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填allowing。
（7）考查强调句。句意：根据考古记录，这种合作和思想分享出现在人类在地球上的迁徙和随后的人口爆炸之前。分析句子，句中it was+强调的部分+that构成强调句，句中是对this cooperation and sharing of ideas进行强调。故填that。
（8）考查副词。句意：因此，只有一种共同的语言才能促进不相关群体之间的交流和合作，不同的语言会减缓思想、技术甚至基因的流动。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，just only意为"仅仅，只有"符合句意。故填only。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：在一个我们希望促进合作的世界里，在一个比以往任何时候都更加依赖合作来维持和促进人类繁荣水平的世界里，使用多种语言是不现实的。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是world，先行词在从句中地点状语，用where。故填where。
（10）考查情态动词。句意：在一个我们希望促进合作的世界里，在一个比以往任何时候都更加依赖合作来维持和促进人类繁荣水平的世界里，使用多种语言是不现实的。句中表示"不可能"情态动词用can。故填can。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言是如何改变人类的。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

19.【答案】C
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：共享的家庭工作空间、公共花园棚屋和使用应用程序建造的房屋——这些只是政府的2030年家园竞赛的获胜提案中的一些想法，该竞赛旨在开发"适合未来的家园"原型，突出了"英国最好的设计"。根据句意可知，动词highlight"突显，显示"符合句意，结合句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语形式作定语，highlight与其逻辑主语competition之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语，故填highlighting，故选C。
（2）考查形容词。句意："没有比格鲁吉亚风格的联排别墅更灵活、适应性更强的了。"Openstudio的Jennifer Beningfield说道，她是今天宣布的两支获胜队伍之一的队长。分析可知，设空处应使用形容词与and后的adaptable并列作表语，结合可知，flexible"灵活的"符合题意。故选K。
（3）考查动词时态。句意："我们采用了这个非常简单的模型，并针对21世纪进行了更新。我们的想法是从非常简单的东西中创造出无限的选择和变化。"分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词，与前文taken并列，故应使用过去分词与have构成现在完成时，结合句意表示"更新"应用update，故填updated。故选E。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：她的团队的方案设想了一种由两个标准组件组成的排屋类型，一个基础单元和一个阁楼，用"连接器"部件连接起来，同时考虑到随着时间的推移，随着家庭环境的变化，进行多种配置。分析句子结构可知，设空处应使用名词作主语，结合句意表示"家庭环境"应用family circumstance，根据后文change可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填circumstances。故选D。
（5）考查动词原形。句意：位于住宅之间的连接器将容纳楼梯和电梯，以及存储和共享工作空间。根据空前的情态动词would可知，此处应使用动词原形，结合句意表示"容纳"应用动词accommodate。故选I。
（6）考查可数名词单数。句意：每个家庭都有自己的私人户外空间，而他们都将回到以传统的伦敦广场的方式布置的大花园。根据冠词the可知，设空处应使用名词作介词in的宾语，结合句意表示"以……的方式"应用in the manner of...。故选B。
（7）考查动词语态。句意：根据被动式住宅的标准建造，采用双墙木结构，住宅将通过2.7米高的天花板和2.5米高的门窗整合在一起，与大多数新建规范住宅相比，极大地增加了带入房间的日光量。分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词，且表示"整合"应用integrate，主语the homes与动词integrate之间为被动关系，故此处应使用其过去分词与空前的will be构成将来时的被动语态，故填integrated。故选G。
（8）考查不可数名词。句意：贝宁菲尔德曾在南非和美国学习和工作，她说，鉴于英国许多新房子的建筑质量令人震惊，现场施工至关重要。她担心，如果英国脱欧后，许多熟练劳动力被迫离开，这种情况只会变得更糟。分析句子结构可知，设空处应使用名词作从句主语，结合句意表示"劳动力"应用不可数名词labor。故选A。
（9）考查形容词。句意："2030之家"获奖队伍的雄心令人钦佩，这在"蓝天创意大赛"中屡见不变，但几乎没有证据表明，无论是政府还是大型房屋建筑行业，有意将其付诸实践。分析句子结构，设空处应使用形容词作表语，结合句意表示"令人钦佩的"应用admirable。故选H。
（10）考查形容词。句意：为此，我们必须在2023年关注桑德兰，并希望其他理事会、社区和小规模建筑商的监督联盟有想象力跟随他们的脚步。分析句子结构可知，设空处应使用形容词作定语，修饰后文名词union，结合句意表示"监督的"应用overseeing。故选J。
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了未来房子的模型，它可能是一个充满阳光、形状多变、共享棚屋的天堂。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
   一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
    当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

20~34.【答案】B、D、B、A、D、A、C、C、B、A、D、D、B、C、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.enhanced提高；B.lost丢失，失去；C.developed发展；D.disabled使残疾。句意：我让每个人叫我的名字，看看我是否能听到他们的声音——就在那时，我意识到我的两只耳朵都失去了听力。由下文"The illness that took his hearing has never been clearly explained to Bule by a doctor."可知，此处指Blue失去了听力，故选B。
（2）考查短语及语境理解。A.independence of……的独立；B.treatment for治疗……；C.impact on影响……；D.access to接近，通向……的入口，有权使用。句意：但是在14岁的时候，由于没有机会使用手语或得到残疾支持，他离开了学校，尽管他梦想有一天能成为一名飞行员或工程师。由下文"sign language or disability support，he left school，despite dreaming of one day becoming a pilot or an engineer."可知，Blue没有机会使用手语，且未得到残疾支持，所以他离开了学校。故选D。
（3）考查短语及语境理解。A.appealing to吸引；B.familiar to为……熟悉；C.distinct from与……不同；D.due to由于。句意：Blue的故事对太平洋国家瓦努阿图的许多聋人社区来说都很熟悉。由下文"With no national sign language，most people have to（4）their own ways to communicate.Some use signs they've developed with their families and communities，but then（5）to communicate outside this group.Others，like Bule，rely largely on lip-reading to"可知，是个熟悉的故事。故选B。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.invent发明；B.perform表演；C.enhance提高；D.abandon遗弃。句意：由于没有国家手语，大多数人不得不发明自己的交流方式。由下文"Some use signs they've developed with their families and communities，"可知是"发明"，故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.manage管理；B.resolve解决；C.deserve值得；D.struggle挣扎。句意：有些人使用他们与家人和社区发展起来的手势，但是在这个群体之外却很难交流。由but可知，上下文是转折关系，一些人虽发明了一些和自己家人以及社区的人交流的方法，但是和外界人就很难交流，struggle to do意为"挣扎着做某事"，此处引申为"难以做某事"，故选D。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.get by过活，维持生计；B.back up支持；C.settle down定居；D.take over接管。句意：其他人，比如Blue，主要依靠读唇来过活。由上文"Others，like Bule，rely largely on lip-reading to"可知，Blue只能通过读嘴唇来和别人交流来维持日常生活，故选A。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.plausible似乎是真的；B.distracted分心的；C.vulnerable虚弱的，易受伤害的；D.regretful后悔的。句意：在瓦努阿图经常发生的自然灾害中，这个群体也更容易受到伤害。由下文"during natural disasters，frequent in Vanuatu"可知是更容易受到伤害，故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.creating创造；B.conveying表达；C.changing改变；D.combining结合。句意：因此，人们正在寻求创造一种官方语言，希望改变太平洋国家有听力障碍的一些社区里人们的生活。由上文"Thus people are seeking to create an official language in the hope of"可知，这是希望改变有听力障碍人们的生活，故选C。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.Therefore因此；B.Meanwhile同时；C.However然而；D.Nevertheless然而。句意：同时政府也希望解决这个问题。由上文"Disability advocates say this leaves the deaf community unable to participate fully in society...Thus people are seeking to create an official language"和下文"the government hopes to fix this too."可知是"同时"，故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.officials官员；B.netizens网民；C.soldiers士兵；D.therapists治疗专家。句意：该倡议由全球教育合作伙伴和世界银行资助，官员们在全国各地收集聋人的手语，拍摄聋人用不同的语言签名，这些语言将被上传到一个手语词典软件程序中，并转化为一种全国性的手语。由上文"the government hopes to fix this too.It is currently developing a national sign language，to be called Storian wetem han，or "using hands to communicate"."可知是政府官员，故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.delivered发表，运送；B.downloaded下载；C.filtered过滤；D.uploaded上传。句意：该倡议由全球教育合作伙伴和世界银行资助，官员们在全国各地收集聋人的手语，拍摄聋人用不同的语言签名，这些语言将被上传到一个手语词典软件程序中，并转化为一种全国性的手语。由下文"to a sign language dictionary software program and turned into a national sign language."可知，先将收集到的语言上传到一个手语字典软件程序中。故选D。
（12）考查形容词词及语境理解。A.exposed暴露的；B.targeted定向的；C.considered深思熟虑的；D.recognised认可的。句意：一旦发展起来，瓦努阿图将加入斐济、基里巴斯、萨摩亚和所罗门群岛，成为拥有国家手语的太平洋国家，尽管目前巴布亚新几内亚是唯一一个其手语奥斯兰-巴布亚新几内亚手语被官方承认为国家语言的国家。由上文"officially"可知是"认可"，故选D。
（13）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.referred to指的是；B.rolled out推出，开展，展开；C.deprived of剥夺；D.drunk to为……干杯。句意：政府希望到2024年，Storian Wetem Han手语能够在全国范围内全面推广。由下文"fully across the country in 2024"可知是"推广"，故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.remember记住；B.collect收集；C.recognise认出，识别出；D.film录制，拍摄电影。句意：尽管如此，瓦努阿图残疾人协会的现场官员Arthur Simrai说，许多听力丧失的人偶尔认不出他们看到的手语。由下文"Most of the people who can't hear，they don't know the sign language on the screen"可知，许多听力丧失的人有时候是认不出他们看到的手语。故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.copy副本；B.mess一团糟；C.success成功；D.series系列。句意：西姆雷表示，如果瓦努阿图能够成功地使用本国的手语，那么全国各地聋人的生活将发生巨大变化。由下文"it would make an enormous difference to the lives of people who are deaf across the country."可知是发生巨大变化，make a success of意为"在……方面取得成功"，故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瓦努阿图聋人社区推动国家手语发展的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

35~38.【答案】C、C、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段中的This was the man，after all，who had saved the entire crew of his ship Endurance.（毕竟，就是这个人救了他的Endurance船上的全体船员。）以及第四段中的When disaster strikes and all hope is gone，get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton.（当灾难来临时，所有的希望都破灭了，跪下来向Shackleton祈求吧。）可知，Shackleton救了全体船员的性命，在极端情况下象征着希望，所以人们对他的去世伤心欲绝。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段中的which includes a range of images and artefacts from his expeditions.Additionally，a digitally remade version of South，a documentary film of Shackleton's 1914-16 Endurance expedition，is being screened at the British Film Institute.（其中包括一系列他探险时留下的图像和文物。此外，Shackleton于1914年至1916年的Endurance探险纪录片《南方》的数字翻拍版正在英国电影学院放映。）以及第一段中的An exhibition of vivid photographs and a restored documentary.（生动的照片和修复的纪录片的展览。）可知，这个展览会是由生动的照片、文物和对于Shackleton的探险纪录片组成的。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段中的One hundred years ago，the leader of the last great expedition of the heroic age of polar exploration died from a heart attack as his ship，Quest，headed for Antarctica.（一百年前，英勇的极地探险时代最后一次伟大探险的领队在他的探险船"探索号"驶向南极洲的途中死于心脏病。）可知，Shackleton是在船只行驶的途中去世的，而不是"off shore"（离开岸边）。因此A项表述错误，符合题意，故选A。
（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一段ZD after Endurance broke up，his men had lost their protection and shelter.（在Endurance破碎后，他的船员失去了保护和庇护。）以及Yet Shackleton succeeded in keeping them together and made sure they survived.（然而Shackleton却成功地让他们聚在一起，并确保他们活了下来。）可知，在他们的船破损后，船员们失去了船只的保护，所以船员们即使能活下来，也无法集中在一起；而Shackleton却带领他们做到了，并保全了大家的性命；所以划线部分意为"船员们即使能活下来，船只也无法将他们集中在一起"。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。作者通过对一次老照片和纪录片的描述详细介绍了一位伟大的南极探险者Ernest Shackleton的事迹。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

39~41.【答案】C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Downhill on a mountain bike，Brecon Beacons部分下文From the Mid Glamorgan town of Merthyr Tydfil a whole host of mountain bike routes lay in wait for the brave.There's just one catch – the big Brecon peaks.For hard-core bikers that's not an issue but for those new to muddy trails it can be off-putting.But Adventure Cycling Wales has the answer：let them worry about the ascent.They transport bike and rider to the top of the most epic routes and it is all downhill from there.（从格拉摩根中部的梅瑟蒂德菲尔出发，大量的山地自行车路线等待着勇敢者的到来。只有一个条件，那就是布雷肯峰。对于铁杆自行车手来说，这不是一个问题，但是对于那些刚踏上泥泞小路的人来说，这可能会让他们感到厌烦。但是威尔士冒险自行车赛给出了答案：让他们担心攀岩吧。他们把自行车和骑手运送到最壮观的路线顶端，从那里开始一路下坡。）可知，骑手们沿着泥泞但美妙的自行车道从布雷肯峰下来，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Swim with seals，Lundy IslandSuits Water babies部分中的Renowned for getting up close and personal with snorkellers，they often rub human visitors with their noses （despite rules stating people should keep a distance!）.Swim with Seals £69.50 pp including ferry from Ilfracombe，（它们以近距离接触浮潜者而闻名，经常用鼻子摩擦人类游客（尽管有规定说人们应该保持距离），与海豹一起游泳需要花费69.50 pp，包括乘坐从伊尔弗勒科姆来的渡轮）可知，如果亚瑟和他的妻子想去水边和他们12岁的双胞胎一起享受家庭乐趣，他们可以选择Swim with seals，Lundy Island这次冒险，所以每人花费69.50*4=278，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是标题Four great mini adventures in the UK（（英国四大迷你冒险）可知，文章主要讲述了英国四大迷你冒险经历。所以文章最有可能取自报纸上的探索英国专栏，故选C。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了英国四大迷你冒险经历。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

42~45.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的The relative use of these languages changed through history，reflecting the relative growth and decline of science，culture and economics in these countries.（这些语言的相对使用在历史上发生了变化，反映了这些国家科学、文化和经济相对增长和衰落。）可知，导致语言的相对使用在历史上的变化包括国家科学、文化和经济方面的增加和衰落，而不包括社会交际，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的Careful copy editing can tackle the problem of accessibility of accepted manuscripts，but upstream of this stage it is down to all parties to ensure that they evaluate work on its scientific merit rather than its proper use of grammar.（仔细的文案编辑可以解决被接受手稿的可访问性问题，但是这一阶段的前半部分，所有各方都必须确保他们评估作品的价值是取决于其科学价值，而并非语法的正确使用。）可知，在所有科学交流中使用英语的缺点包括一些科学工作由于语法使用不当而被低估，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The use of a universal language for communication in science is unavoidable as one obvious advantage is that findings can be more widely accessed，and resisting this concept for the sake of cultural difference would seem to be anything but productive.（在科学中使用通用语言进行交流是不可避免的，因为一个明显的优势是发现可以更广泛地获得，而出于文化差异的原因而抵制这一概念似乎是毫无成效的。）可知，文化差异增加了提高科学生产力的难度。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段中的But how did English develop into the dominant language of scientific discourse （会话）？Was it a joint decision or did it happen progressively and "accidentally"？And was it a positive move for all？（但是英语是如何发展成为科学话语的主导语言的呢？这是一个共同的决定，还是逐渐发生的，"偶然"？这对所有人来说都是积极的举措吗？）可知，本文主要讲述了英语是如何发展成为科学话语的主导语言以及英语作为科学话语的主导语言的缺点，因此B项Universal Language of Science（科学的通用语言）概括文意，可以作为本文标题，故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英语是如何发展成为科学话语的主导语言以及英语作为科学语言的主导语言的缺点。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

46~49.【答案】A、F、D、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文Designers from around the world proudly presented housing and products for living small - from transformable furniture to 3 D printed interior objects.（来自世界各地的设计师自豪地展示了适合小型居住的住房和产品--从可改造的家具到3 D打印的内部装置。）以及下文Urban housing supplies are already straining （紧张） worldwide with 54% of the global population of 7.2 billion living in cities，according to the United Nation's World Urbanization Prospects 2014 report.（根据联合国《2014年世界城市化展望》报告，全球72亿人口中有54%居住在城市，全球城市住房供应已经紧张。）可知，此处会介绍小型居住的住房设计。故A项"例如，睡眠层可能包括一张平台床，下面有一张桌子或壁橱空间。"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文In North America，about 82% of the total population - roughly 473.8 million people - lives in urban areas.（在北美，约82%的总人口--约4.738亿人--生活在城市地区。）以及下文Many of the new units being built are getting smaller and smaller，challenging municipal（市政的） housing codes and zoning regulations.（许多正在建造的新单位越来越小，挑战市政住房法规和分区法规。）可知，在北美，居住在城市地区的人口比重很大，单身家庭的数量增加，需要的住房也就更多，因此对市政来说也是一个挑战。故F项"尽管住房没有跟上步伐，但单身家庭的数量仍在增加。"承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文The greater Tokyo area is the world's most densely populated metropolitan region with some 38 million residents packed into about 5，200 sq miles.（大东京地区是世界上人口最密集的大都市地区，约有3800万居民聚集在5200平方英里的范围内。）以及下文TOTO，the Japanese bathroom fixtures and plumbing company，showcased micro-toilet design for bathrooms as small as 9 sq feet （0.84 meters） at the Dwell on Design conference.（日本卫浴和管道公司TOTO在设计住宅会议上展示了小到9平方英尺（0.84米）的迷你厕所设计。）可知，空处应该承接上文的人口密集的大都市，引出下文的迷你厕所的设计。故D项"因此，小型水槽和沐浴器在紧凑型的日本浴室中并不少见。"承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
（4）联系上文题。根据小标题Convertible furniture re-imagined（可转换型家具）和上文To furnish a micro-apartment comfortably，Resource Furniture has re-imagined the old Murphy beds and folding tables with sophisticated book shelves，desks and sofas that can convert into beds.Drawers pull out from under stairs.（为了舒适地布置微型公寓，资源家具重新设计了老式的墨菲床和折叠桌，配有复杂的书架，桌子和沙发，可以转换成床。抽屉可以从楼梯下拉出来。）可知，此处应该谈论可转换型家具的设计。故E项"储物空间巧妙地隐藏在墙壁内，并推至天花板。"承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了设计师们所设计的适合小型居住的住房和产品。
六选四阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

50.【答案】What if we don't have enough fuel to support the whole night？
【解析】如果…怎么办what if；我们带的燃料不够we don't have enough fuel；支撑一整晚support the whole night；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：What if we don't have enough fuel to support the whole night？
如果我们带的燃料不够支撑一整晚怎么办？
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。

51.【答案】The influence of language learning on human brain is nothing but amazing.
【解析】语言学习language learning；人类大脑human brain；堪称神奇nothing but amazing；陈述一般事实，用一般现在时。
故填：The influence of language learning on human brain is nothing but amazing.
语言学习对人类大脑的影响堪称神奇。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。

52.【答案】The existence of fairy tales proves that human beings have been full of fantasy about the universe dating back to ancient times.
【解析】神话故事的存在The existence of fairy tales，证明了prove，人类对宇宙充满了幻想human beings are full of fantasy about the universe，自古以来dating back to ancient times，使用现在分词作时间状语，此句陈述观点，使用一般现在时，主语The existence of fairy tales为单数，故谓语prove也使用第三人称单数proves，that引导宾语从句，证明了表示动作完成，且要与主句时态保持一致，故are变换为现在完成时have been，综合即为The existence of fairy tales proves that human beings have been full of fantasy about the universe dating back to ancient times.
故填：The existence of fairy tales proves that human beings have been full of fantasy about the universe dating back to ancient times.
神话故事的存在证明了人类自古以来就对宇宙充满了幻想。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。

53.【答案】The ending of this science fiction novel awakens readers the realization that if we continue to ignore the protection of natural balance，human beings will eventually suffer the consequences.
【解析】这本科幻小说的结局the ending of this science fiction novel；使读者领悟到awaken readers the realization；that引导同位语从句；如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护if we continue to ignore the protection of natural balance用if引导条件状语从句；人类终将自食其果human beings will eventually suffer the consequences；陈述一般事实，用一般现在时。
故填：The ending of this science fiction novel awakens readers the realization that if we continue to ignore the protection of natural balance，human beings will eventually suffer the consequences.
这本科幻小说的结局使读者领悟到，如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护，人类终将自食其果。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。