2022-2023学年云南省昆明市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年云南省昆明市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共24页。

昆明市第一中学2022-2023学年度上学期期中考试
高二英语
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号以及考号填写清楚，并用2B铅笔将考号对应的数字填黑。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What can we learn from the conversation?
A.The two speakers were climbing stairs.
B.The two speakers preferred the stairs.
CThe woman suggested walking.
2.What is the man going to do?
A.Take another
B.Give the ticket to someone.
C.Catch the plane at 6:00.
3.What is the relationship between the speakers?
A.Boss and employee.
B.Customer and waitress.
C.Customer and salesgirl.
4.What will the speakers do over the weekend?
A.Go hiking.
B.Stay at home.
C.Climb mountains.
5.Where does this conversation probably take place?
A.In a
B.In a classroom.
C.In a library.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.What will Mark do this morning?
A.Go shopping.
B.Write an article.
C.Take some photographs.
7.When will the two speakers have lunch?
A.At 10:00 a.m.
B.At 1:00 p.m.
C.At 11:00 a.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.When will the man come to the restaurant?
A.At about 9:00.
B.At about 9:30.
C.At about 10:00.
9.What can we learn from the conversation?
A.The restaurant’ s big tables have been reserved.
B.Eight students will come for the meal.
C.The man has booked three tables next to the window.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Why is the woman so tired?
A.She exercises too much.
B.She has a lot to do at work.
C.She watches TV late at night.
11.What does the woman eat for lunch?
A.Nothing.
B.A pizza.
C.A sandwich.
12.What does the man advise the woman to do?
A.Go to bed late.
B.Work more hours.
C.Eat at least a good meal every day.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.When did the man have his toothache?
A.At 10:00 a.m.
B.At 7:00 a.m.
C.At 8:00 a.m.
14.Why can’ t the man wait to see the dentist?
A.He has already had an appointment.
B.He has a terrible toothache.
C.He doesn’t have any medicine.
15.What day is it today?
A.Saturday.
B.Sunday.
C.Monday.
16.What can we know about the dentist from the conversation?
A.He is booked up today.
B.Few people like to see him.
CHe usually works on weekend nights.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.In colonial times, why was corn bread more common than wheat bread?
A.The colonists preferred corn bread.
B.Corn was more abundant.
C.The colonists didn’t know how to make wheat bread.
18.How did the colonists learn to make corn bread?
A.They were shown how by Indians.
B.They knew the technique before they arrived in America.
C.They changed their wheat bread recipes.
19.Why was com bread called “journey cake”?
A. It was easy to prepare over an open fire in the forest.
B. It was easy to ship from England.
C.People took it with them when they traveled.
20.What is the passage mainly about?
A.How to grow corn.
B.Life in colonial America.
C. Original American bread
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This is not a problem in Munich even if it is already the afternoon. The last light of the day can always be enjoyed. Here are four hiking tours for late risers and after-work athletes. Let’s get out into nature quickly.
The Sundown Tour
With a bit of luck, after 5 p. m. you will have the whole view to yourself. Lake Walchensee lies below, opposite is the Herzogstand mountain, with the red sun setting below it. If you are walking down the mountain in the dark, however, you should always have headlamps with you, otherwise it will become too dangerous.
The Quick Tour
Sometimes the god stuff is so much closer than you think, on the Neureuth mountain, for example. The tour from the railway station in Tegermsee up to the mountain is comparably short and therefore suitable for all walkers who just want to stretch their legs after work has finished.
The Railway Tour
The greatest advantage of the Laber for late-in-the-day leisure walkers lies, however, in the mountain railway: its last trip down the mountain doesn’t leave until between 4:30 p.m. and 5 p.m. So you do not need to worry whether you still have enough time for the relaxing return journey.
The Cycling Tour
Who says that people who like to take exercise later on in the day always have to walk? Even many Munich residents forget that, in addition to the river Isar, there is a river in the city which is just as beautiful. If you want to explore the river and the associated Wurmtal valley, rent a bike and follow the shore from Pasing over Grafelfing and Gauting as far as Starnberg.
1. Which tour best suits a tourist who prefers doing light exercise?
A. The Sundown Tour. B. The Quick Tour.
C. The Railway Tour. D. The Cycling Tour.
2. What is needed to take the Cycling Tour?
A. A headlamp. B. A guide. C. A mountain bike. D. A railway ticket.
3. What do the four tours have in common?
A. Providing safety experience. B. Demanding a low budget.
C. Covering rivers and valleys. D. Suiting after-work tourists.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章为晚起的人和工作后需要活动的人介绍了四条在大自然徒步旅行的线路。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“The tour from the railway station in Tegermsee up to the mountain is comparably short and therefore suitable for all walkers who just want to stretch their legs after work has finished.(从泰格姆西火车站到高山的旅程相对较短，因此适合所有在工作结束后伸展腿的步行者)”可知，The Quick Tour相对比较短适合那些下班后只想伸伸腿做些轻微运动的人。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由The Cycling Tour部分的最后一句“If you want to explore the river and the associated Wurmtal valley, rent a bike and follow the shore from Pasing over Grafelfing and Gauting as far as Starnberg.(如果你想探索这条河和相关的沃尔姆塔尔山谷，租一辆自行车，沿着海岸从Pasing越过Grafelfing 和Gauting到斯坦恩堡)”可知，The Cycling Tour需要租一辆自行车沿着海边骑行。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Here are four hiking tours for late risers and after-work athletes.(以下是面向习惯晚期的人和下班后的擅长运动的人的四次徒步旅行)”以及下文介绍的四个徒步旅行方案可知，下文四个旅行的共同点是适合下班后的旅行者。故选D。
B
Days after Argentina canceled all international passenger flights to protect the country from the new coronavirus, Peter began his journey home the only way possible: He stepped aboard his small sailboat for what turned out to be an 85-day voyage across the Atlantic.
The 47-year-old sailor could have stayed on an island spared by the virus to survive the period of lockdown and social distancing. But the idea of spending what he thought could be “the end of the world”away from his family, especially his father who was going to turn 90,was unbearable.
“I didn’t want to stay like a coward(胆小鬼) on an island where there were no cases，”Peter said.“I wanted to do everything possible to return home. The most important thing for me was to be with my family.”
He bought his sailboat in 2017, desiring to take a round-the-world tour. “I wasn’t afraid, but I did have a lot of uncertainty,” he said.“It was very strange to sail in the middle of a pandemic.” Sailing can be lonely passion, and it was particularly so on this voyage for Peter.Despite the vastness of the ocean, Peter felt he was in separation, and buried in an intense steam of not knowing what the future held. “I was locked up in my own freedom,” he recalled.
When he came back home on June 17,he was shocked by the hero’s welcome he received. “Entering my port where my father had his sailboat, where he taught me so many things, where I learned how to sail and where all this originated, gave me the taste of a mission accomplished,” he said.
4. Why did Peter decide on his Trans-Atlantic sailing?
A. To return home and see his family.
B. To explore scenic places of the world.
C. To avoid being considered as a coward.
D. To stay away from the new coronavirus.
5. Why did Peter buy his sailboat?
A. To keep fit.
B. To try a new hobby.
C. To accompany the family.
D. To travel around the world.
6. How did Peter feel during the journey?
A. Free and lonely.
B. Frightened but proud.
C. Uncertain and separated.
D. Passionate but regretful.
7. What can be inferred about Peter from the last paragraph?
A. His father was eager to welcome him home.
B. He gained a sense of achievement and belonging.
C. He completed the task and therefore became a hero.
D. His father gave him the inspiration to sail single-handed.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，叙述了文章阿根廷取消所有国际客运航班以保护该国免受新冠病毒感染几天后，皮特以唯一可能的方式开始了他的回家之旅：他登上自己的小帆船，进行了一次横跨大西洋的85天航行。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I wanted to do everything possible to return home. The most important thing for me was to be with my family.”（我想尽一切办法回家。对我来说，最重要的是和家人在一起）可知，皮特决定跨大西洋航行的原因是回家看望家人。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“He bought his sailboat in 2017, desiring to take a round-the-world tour.”（他在2017年买下了自己的帆船，希望进行一次环球旅行。）可知，他买下帆船是为了能做环球旅行。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I wasn’t afraid, but I did have a lot of uncertainty.”（我不害怕，但我确实有很多不确定性）及“Despite the vastness of the ocean, Mr. Ballestero felt he was in isolation”（尽管大海浩瀚，皮特还是觉得自己与世隔绝）可知，皮特在旅途中感觉不确定和与世隔绝。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When he came back home on June 17, he was shocked by the hero’s welcome he received.”（6月17日，当他回到家乡时，他被英雄般的欢迎所震惊）以及“gave me the taste of a mission accomplished”（让我尝到了完成使命的滋味）可知，他获得了成就感和归属感。故选B项。
C
“Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,” William Wordsworth wrote. In the above quote, William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we “plant” in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don’t. Before you start to work in your garden, it’s necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
Regardless of what you choose to plant, poor soil isn’t suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately, there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your life’s soil.
You don’t have to be an enthusiastic gardener to understand the meaning of “You harvest what you sow.” When a gardener wants tomatoes, they just need to plant tomato seeds. It’s a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which “life seeds“ to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it’s likely that you’ll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love.
A gardener’s truly hard work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devoted, aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
8. What is important before gardeners break ground in their gardens?
A. Receiving some training in planting.
B. Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.
C. Having the courage to accept the worst outcome.
D. Doing research on the common local garden plants.
9. What is compared to getting education by the author?
A. Improving the condition of the soil.
B. Growing your most favorable plants.
C. Taking care of the plants in your garden.
D. Selecting proper goals in gardening work.
10. What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3?
A. Your quality of life depends on your positive action.
B. Your experience can help you understand plants better.
C. Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.
D. Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.
11. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Improvement of Planting Skills
B. How to Become a Qualified Gardener
C. How to Achieve Your Dreams and Goals
D. The Mystery of Harvesting Abundant Crops
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者以种植为例，形象地讲出培养人的几个措施：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before you start to work in your garden, it’s necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve (在你开始在你的花园工作之前，有必要对它有一个愿景。想想你想在你的花园里种什么，以及如何布置它是使你的愿景成为富有成效的现实的良好的第一步。在生活中，你应该考虑你想要创造什么，你想要实现什么)”可知，作者认为在翻地整理园子之前，有个好的规划很重要。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately, there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your life’s soil. (这就是为什么园丁在种植前要花时间和精力来升级土壤。因此，创造合适的土壤对实现你的目标和梦想很重要。幸运的是，有无数的方法可以让你的个人基础变得更好。接受教育是最有效的方式之一，它可以帮助你丰富你的生活的土壤)”可知，作者把提高土壤条件比喻为接受教育。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which “life seeds” to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you’ll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love. (这是一种非常明显的行为，能够产生预期的结果。我们每个人都有能力决定种下哪种“生命种子”。例如，如果你播下了不良的种子，你很可能会经历痛苦作为回报。相反，如果你播下善良和理解的种子，你的生活就会充满幸福和爱)”可知，作者在这一段告诉读者我们的生活质量取决于我们的积极付出。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中““Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,” William Wordsworth wrote. In the above quote, William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we “plant” in our lives，we bloom(生长茂盛)or don’t. ”（“你的思想是花园，你的思想是种子。收获的可能是鲜花也可能是杂草。”威廉·华兹华斯写道。在上面的引文中，威廉认为园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们是否开花。）通过引用威廉·华兹华斯的话，把我们的思想即梦想比作花园的种子，而把收获的内容即我们的目标比作果实。把园艺的过程类比于人类的生活。形象地讲明了我们目标的实现与否取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么。同时结合下文内容，讲出培养人的几个措施：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。所以文章的标题可以为“如何实现你的梦想和目标”，故选C项。
D
Texting walkers aren’t just an annoyance to other walkers, Australian researchers armed with movie special-effects technology have determined scientifically that they’re threats to themselves. Using motion-capture technology similar to that used for films, researchers concluded that texting while walking not only affects balance but also the ability to walk in straight line.
“Some people like checking emails while walking to work in the morning,” said the study co-author Hoorn,“but they may not know it has a serious effect on the safety of themselves.” Other facts have also proved this. A tourist walked off a pier(长堤)near Melbourne last month while texting，bringing a sudden and icy end to a penguin-watching visit. Another person who was too wrapped up in his phone to notice dangers walked straight into the fountain in front of a shopping mall.
The Australian study involved 27 volunteers, a third of whom admitted having knocked into objects while texting. They were asked to walk 8.5 meters three times-once without phones, once while reading text and once while writing text, when eight cameras recorded their actions.
They found the volunteers using the phone walked slower, and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in like “robots”, which forced their heads to move more, throwing themselves off balance.“In a pedestrian environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for traffic accidents,”said Mr Hoorn. “The best thing to do is to step aside and stop, or keep off the phone.”
Authorities worldwide have taken note. Signs on Hong Kong’s subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones. Police and transport authorities have highlighted the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper recently declared cell phone-distracted road crossing as “bad habit No.2” contributing to the rising number of road deaths. Some US states, including New York and Arkansas, are considering bans on what they’re calling phone jaywalking.
12. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “wrapped up” in paragraph 2?
A. Annoyed.
B. Absorbed.
C. Confused.
D. Absent-minded.
13. What can we learn from the Australian study?
A. Ten volunteers admitted knocking into things while texting.
B. The volunteers using phones while walking moved normally.
C. The volunteers were divided into three groups during the study.
D. Texting walkers are exposed to greater possibility of traffic accidents.
14. What’s the official attitude to people texting while walking in most countries?
A. Neutral.
B. Negative.
C. Unclear.
D. Supportive.
15. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Various walkers will get different social evaluations.
B. Communication device greatly improves people’s lives.
C. Texting regardless of time and occasion brings huge risks.
D. Texting has become the preferred communication method
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了短信是人们平时交流的方式，但是走路的时候发短信，这往往会带来一系列交通安全问题。所以有些国家为了避免安全事故的发生，而就走路发短信进行了立法。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“Another person who was too wrapped up in his phone to notice dangers walked straight into the fountain in front of a shopping mall（另一名沉迷于手机而没有注意到危险的人径直走进了一家购物中心前的喷泉）”可知，这个人径直走进了购物中心的喷泉中，由此可以推知他太专注于自己的手机以至于没有注意到危险。wrapped up意为“专注”。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“They found the volunteers using the phone walked slower, and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in like “robots”, which forced their heads to move more, throwing themselves off balance. In a pedestrian(步行的)environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for traffic accidents（他们发现，使用手机的志愿者走得更慢，更严重的是，他们像“机器人”一样锁住胳膊和肘部，这迫使他们的头移动更多，使自己失去平衡。在步行环境中，不能保持笔直的道路很可能增加交通事故的可能性）”可知，边走边编辑短信使步行者不能直线行走，增加了他们遭遇交通事故的可能性。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判读题。根据最后一段“Authorities worldwide have taken note. Signs on Hong Kong’s subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones. Police and transport authorities have highlighted the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper recently declared cell phone-distracted road crossing as “bad habit No.2” contributing to the rising number of road deaths. Some US states, including New York and Arkansas, are considering bans on what they’re calling phone jaywalking.”（全世界的当局都注意到了。香港地铁系统的标志用三种语言提醒乘客不要看手机。新加坡的警方和交通部门已经强调了危险, 海峡时报最近宣称使用手机分心过马路是导致道路死亡人数上升的“第二大坏习惯”。美国的一些州，包括纽约和阿肯色州，正在考虑禁止他们所谓的电话乱穿马路。）可知，在世界范围内，大家都注意到和手机相关的过马路的危险，香港、新加坡和美国的一些州采取了对类似行为的行动，因此，官方对走路发信息的使用手机的行为是反对的。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Texting walkers aren’t just an annoyance to other walkers, Australian researchers armed with movie special-effects technology have determined scientifically that they’re threats to themselves. Using motion-capture technology similar to that used for films, researchers concluded that texting while walking not only affects balance but also the ability to walk in straight line.”（给行走的人发短信不仅会让其他行走的人感到烦恼，澳大利亚研究人员利用电影特效技术，科学地确定行走的人对自己构成威胁。使用类似于电影中的动作捕捉技术，研究人员得出结论，走路时发短信不仅会影响平衡，还会影响直线行走的能力。）第四段中“They found the volunteers using the phone walked slower, and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in like “robots”, which forced their heads to move more, throwing themselves off balance. In a pedestrian(步行的)environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for traffic accidents（他们发现，使用手机的志愿者走得更慢，更严重的是，他们像“机器人”一样锁住胳膊和肘部，这迫使他们的头移动更多，使自己失去平衡。在步行环境中，不能保持笔直的道路很可能增加交通事故的可能性）”可知，本文主要介绍一项研究的结论：走路时发短信不仅会影响平衡，还会影响直线行走的能力。这样的行为增加了遭遇交通事故的可能性。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两为多余选项。
Extreme heat can kill people, even though most of the deaths are preventable. It is reported that in the 24 years between 1979 and 2003 more people died in the United States of extreme heat than from hurricanes, lightning, tornadoes, floods and earthquakes. ___16___ The golden rules are to drink plenty of water, dress in cool clothes and stay in the shade if possible.
___17___ Often after many months without rain, a single spark is all that is necessary to create a big fire. Wildfires can move at great speed and will destroy everything in their path. They can quickly change direction, which makes it very difficult for someone on the ground to escape. ___18___ In 2010 such fires in Russia killed 62 people and destroyed about 23, 000 square kilometers. A recent UN report suggests that the growing number of wildfires around the world may be contributing to global warming. ___19___ Climate change causes drought (干旱); drought causes wildfires; and wildfires cause further climate change.
___20___ This is probably due to a natural process, but it is reasonable to assume that this process is being speeded up by mankind’s release into the atmosphere of large amounts of greenhouse gas.
A. How can we survive it?
B. Extreme heat can also bring wildfires.
C. It is clear that the world is getting warmer.
D. Very often you can see such a terrible circle!
E. It is also reasonable to realize the man’s effect on the world’s weather.
F. How can people predict extreme heat according to the climate change?
G. Great damage can be caused in a short time if quick action is not taken.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了高温气候给人类带来的危害与损失。
【16题详解】
上文“Extreme heat can kill people, even though most of the deaths are preventable. It is reported that in the 24 years between 1979 and 2003 more people died in the United States of extreme heat than from hurricanes, lightning, tornadoes, floods and earthquakes.( 高温会杀死人类，尽管大多数死亡都是可以避免的。据报道，在1979年至2003年的24年间，美国死于极端高温的人数，比死于飓风、闪电、龙卷风、洪水和地震的人数还要多)”，以及下文“The golden rules are to drink plenty of water, dress in cool clothes and stay in the shade if possible.( 黄金法则是多喝水，穿凉快的衣服，尽可能呆在阴凉处)”可知，设空处应是针对高温会杀死人类这一现象，提出“该如何避免，在高温中生存下来”的方法。A项“How can we survive it?(我们该如何从中生存下来？)”与上文及下文一致，故选A。
【17题详解】
下文“Often after many months without rain, a single spark is all that is necessary to create a big fire. Wildfires can move at great speed and will destroy everything in their path. They can quickly change direction, which makes it very difficult for someone on the ground to escape. (通常在几个月没有下雨之后，一个火星就足以引起一场大火。森林大火的速度很快，会摧毁一切挡在它们前面的东西。它们可以迅速改变方向，这使得地面上的人很难逃脱)”说明高温会引发野外森林大火。设空处位于段首，对下文具有引出作用，下文是对设空处的解释阐述。B项“Extreme heat can also bring wildfires.( 高温也会引发野火)”与下文一致。故选B。
【18题详解】
下文“In 2010 such fires in Russia killed 62 people and destroyed about 23, 000 square kilometers. A recent UN report suggests that the growing number of wildfires around the world may be contributing to global warming.( 2010年俄罗斯发生的这种大火，造成62人死亡，毁坏面积约23000平方公里。联合国最近的一份报告指出，世界各地越来越多的野火可能加剧了全球变暖)”，说明野火造成的极大危害与损失。由此可知上文设空处应是讲“如果不迅速采取行动，可能在短时间内造成巨大损失”，从而引出下文。G项“Great damage can be caused”与下文的数据一致。故选G。
【19题详解】
下文“Climate change causes drought (干旱); drought causes wildfires; and wildfires cause further climate change.( 气候变化导致干旱；干旱导致野火； 野火导致进一步的气候变化)”说明气候变化导致的恶性循环，由此可知上文设空处应是提出这种恶性循环，下文对上文设空处进行解释说明。D项“such a terrible circle”与下文一致。故选D。
【20题详解】
下文“This is probably due to a natural process, but it is reasonable to assume that this process is being speeded up by mankind’s release into the atmosphere of large amounts of greenhouse gas.( 这可能是一个自然过程，但我们可以合理地假设，这个过程会因为人类向大气中释放大量温室气体而加速)”，说明人类向大气中释放大量温室气体会加速全球变暖这一现象。设空处位于段首，具有概括段落作用。C项“getting warmer”与下文“greenhouse gas”一致。故选C。
第三部分：英语知识运用
第一节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This afternoon I was driving home after visiting my mom. I took the route that was more like a canyon(峡谷)drive with beautiful sceneries.____21____I heard a pop. I knew what happened-a big flat tire! I____22____ to the side, but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder space. What’s worse, it____23____to be around a bend that people couldn’t see me, which made the situation____24____.
Cars were passing me with no____25____of slowing down. I got____26____in the car, feeling very____27____After what seemed a few hours, I____28____a car stopping at a distance behind me. A gentleman ____29____out and signaled to other drivers. With his help, I____30____to walk out of the car very carefully. Then he moved my car a bit out of the way while I was____31____the police to seek help. After much back and forth, they said____32____they gave me priority(优先权)since I was in a dangerous place，they needed at least 20-30 minutes to send____33____,The gentleman offered to check my spare tire while I was making the call. ____34____ ,by the time I was waiting, the gentleman had changed my____35____!I felt a wave of ____36____ coming over me. I told him if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me, I would have felt____37____.He just laughed.
Even after we____38____,I saw in my mirror that the car just followed me to____39____I was OK.I thought how lucky I was to be the____40____of such kindness in a hot dry afternoon.
Bad things can happen, but life will bend toward goodness.
21. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Patiently D. Frequently
22. A. pulled over B. set up C. broke down D. got away
23. A. used B. seemed C. ought D. happened
24. A. dangerous B. safe C. wonderful D. typical
25. A. way B. background C. sign D. reward
26. A. locked B. trapped C. fastened D. injured
27. A. relaxed B. determined C. curious D. anxious
28. A. noticed B. felt C. imagined D. missed
29. A. fell B. took C. stepped D. blocked
30. A. dared B. failed C. desired D. hesitated
31. A. interviewing B. contacting C. investigating D. challenging
32. A. as if B. if only C. in case D. even though
33. A. shelter B. medicine C. equipment D. assistance
34. A. Surprisingly B. Slightly C. Unbearably D. Doubtfully
35. A. lights B. handle C. tire D. wheel
36. A. confidence B. gratitude C. passion D. panic
37. A. boring B. unique C. worthless D. desperate
38. A. talked B. laughed C. parted D. quarreled
39. A. ensure B. defend C. evaluate D. support
40. A. player B. receiver C. composer D. reporter
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在山路上驾驶时车胎爆了，在无助时“我”得到了一个陌生人的帮助。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然我听到砰的一声。A.Carefully仔细地；B.Suddenly突然地；C.Patiently耐心地；D.Frequently频繁地。根据“I took the route that was more like a canyon (峡谷) drive with beautiful sceneries.”（我选择的路线更像是一条风景优美的峡谷车道。）可知，此处是指突然听到砰的一声。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把车停在路边，但这是一条峡谷路，路肩空间不大。A.pulled over靠边停车；B.set up建立；C.broke down抛锚；D.got away逃离。根据“but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder space”可知，此处是指把车停在路边。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：更糟糕是，它碰巧在一个拐弯处，人们看不到我，这使情况很危险。A.used to过去常常；B.seemed to似乎；C.ought to应该；D.happened to碰巧。根据“to be around a bend that people couldn’t see me”可知，碰巧处于拐弯处，人们看不到我。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，它碰巧在一个拐弯处，人们看不到我，这使情况很危险。A.dangerous危险的；B.safe安全的；C.wonderful精彩的；D.typical典型的。根据“people couldn’t see me”可知，这使情况很危险。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车从我身边驶过，丝毫没有减速的迹象。A.way方法；B.background背景；C.sign迹象；D.reward奖励。根据上文“ people couldn’t see me”可知，人们看不到我，因此司机没有减速的迹象。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我困在了车里，很担心。A.locked锁；B.trapped困住；C.fastened 使固定；D.injured 伤害，损害。根据后文“With his help, I dared to walk out of the car very carefully. ”（在他的帮助下，我才敢非常小心地走出汽车。）可知，因为只有在他的帮助下，“我”才敢非常小心地走出汽车，所以“我”是困在汽车里了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我困在了车里，很担心。A.relaxed放松的；B.determined坚定的；C.curious好奇的；D.anxious担心的。根据“With his help, I dared to walk out of the car very carefully.”可知，“我”很担心。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎过了几个小时，我注意到一辆车停在和我有一段距离的地方。A.noticed注意到；B.felt感觉；C.imagined想象；D.missed思念。根据“a car stopping at a distance behind me”可知，此处是指“我”注意到一辆车停在和“我”有一段距离的地方。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位绅士走了出来，向其他司机示意。A.fell掉落；B.took拿走；C.stepped走；D.blocked阻塞。根据“With his help”可知，他从车里走出来帮助了“我”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，我敢非常小心地走出汽车。A.dared敢于；B.failed失败；C.desired希望；D.hesitated犹豫。根据“With his help”可知，在他的帮助下，我才敢非常小心地走出汽车。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他把我的车挪开了一点，我联系汽车协会寻求帮助。A.interviewing采访；B.contacting联系；C.investigating调查；D.challenging挑战。根据“while I was making the call”（在我打电话的时候）可知，此处是指“我”在联系汽车协会。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：经过反复的交涉，他们说尽管他们给了我优先权，因为我在一个危险的地方，他们至少需要20-30分钟来援助。A.as if似乎；B.if only要是……就好了；C.in case万一；D.even though尽管。“they gave me priority (优先权) since I was in a dangerous place”和“they needed at least 20-30 minutes”构成转折关系，所以此处为让步状语从句。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过反复的交涉，他们说尽管他们给了我优先权，因为我在一个危险的地方，他们至少需要20-30分钟来援助。A.shelter避难所；B.medicine医疗；C.equipment设备；D.assistance帮助。根据“to seek help”可知，此处是指援助。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，当我和汽车协会交涉完的时候，那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎！A.Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；B.Slightly轻微地；C.Unbearably无法忍受的是；D.Doubfully怀疑地。“我”本来是联系汽车协会寻求帮助，但是那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎，所以这很令人惊讶。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，当我和汽车协会交涉完的时候，那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎！A.lights灯；B.handle把手；C.tire轮胎；D.wheel车轮。根据“The gentleman offered to check my spare tire”（他还主动帮我检查备胎）可知，那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到一阵感激之情涌上心头。A.confidence信心；B.gratitude感激；C.passion激情；D.panic慌张。根据“I told him if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me, I would have felt helpless.”（我告诉他，如果他不过来帮我，我就会感到无助。）可知，“我”非常感激。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，如果他不过来帮我，我就会感到无助。A.boring无趣的；B.unique独特的；C.worthless无价值的；D.helpless无助的。根据“if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me”可知，此处是指“我”会感到无助。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在我们分开后，我从镜子里看到那辆车一直跟着我，以确保我没事。A.talked交谈；B.laughed大笑；C.parted分开；D.quarreled吵架。根据“I saw in my mirror that the car just followed me”可知，此处是指两人分开驾驶各自的车。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在我们分开后，我从镜子里看到那辆车一直跟着我，以确保我没事。A.ensure确保；B.defend保护；C.evaluate评价；D.support支持。根据“I was OK”可知，此处是指确保我没事。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想我是多么幸运，能在一个炎热干燥的下午接受这样的好意。A. player玩家；B. receiver接受者；C. composer作曲家；D. reporter记者。根据“I was to be the receiver of such kindness in a hot dry afternoon”可知，我幸运接受了这样的好意。故选B。
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料。在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内的正确形式。
You may remember back at the start of December, ____41____ China carried out their unmanned Chang’e-5 mission and the spacecraft touched down on the moon to collect samples for research. Now it successfully returned to the Earth. This is the most significant event in China’s space field, and also one of the most notable space activities globally.Chang’e-5, ____42____ (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket early on Nov 24,is the nation’s largest and ____43____ (complex) lunar probe. It returned with 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to the Earth, marking a ____44____(history) accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back． The 23-day mission was China’s first space journey____45____(claim)extraterrestrial(地球大气圈外的)samples，making ____46____the third country to accomplish the task， the first being the USA in the 1960’s and the second Soviet Union in the 1970’s.
The spacecraft entered the Earth’s atmosphere at____47____altitude of around 120km. As soon as it was 10km above land, it released its parachute and landed____48____(smooth)in China’s Inner Mongolia. Now the spacecraft has been lifted to Beijing where the samples____49____(examine) by scientists very soon.
The mission’s results will contribute ____50____ mankind’s deeper understanding of the moon’s origins and the evolution of the solar system.
【答案】41. when
42. launched
43. most complex
44. historic
45. to claim
46. it 47. an
48. smoothly
49. will be examined
50. to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了嫦娥五号进行为期23天的太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：你可能还记得去年12月初，中国执行了嫦娥五号无人驾驶任务，飞船着陆月球，采集样本用于研究。定语从句的先行词是the start of December，表示时间，且在定语从句中充当时间状语。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥五号于11月24日凌晨由长征五号重型运载火箭发射升空，是中国最大、最复杂的月球探测器。空处的launch作定语，且与被修饰的Chang’e-5为被动关系，用过去分词。故填launched。
【43题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：同上。根据由and连接，空处应与largest并列，需要用最高级。complex“复杂的”，最高级为most complex，故填most complex。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它带回了1731克的月球岩石和土壤，在最后一批月球物质被带回44年后，这标志着一项历史性的成就。形容词修饰名词，空后achievement为名词，所以此处用形容词historic，意为“具有重大历史意义的”，符合题意，故填historic。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这次为期23天的任务是中国首次太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家，第一个是60年代的美国，第二个是70年代的苏联。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后用不定式作定语，结合空前“China’s first space journey”，可知此处用不定式to claim，故填to claim。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：这次为期23天的任务是中国首次太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家，第一个是60年代的美国，第二个是70年代的苏联。空处需要用代词指代China。故填it。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：宇宙飞船在大约120千米的高度进入地球大气层。at an altitude of“以……的高度”，故填an。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：它一到达离地面10公里的高度，就打开降落伞，平稳地降落在中国的内蒙古。修饰动词用副词，空前land“着陆”为动词，所以此处用副词smoothly，故填smoothly。
【49题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态。句意：现在宇宙飞船已经被空运到北京，那里的样本将很快被科学家检测。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据very soon可知要用一般将来时;且examine与samples为被动关系，用被动语态。故填will be examined。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：这次任务的结果将有助于人类更深入地了解月球的起源和太阳系的演化。contribute to…为固定短语，意为“有助于……”。故填to。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出的加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词：
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It was a very busy afternoon. I went shopping in a store crowded many people. I select a few things as quickly as possible but then went to the checkout. There I found many people wait for their orders to be checked out. That made me worried was that I would be late to pick up my two child. Just then, an old man, which stood in front of me, said,“You don’t have so many things. Why not just going in front of me?” “Thanks, but you don’t have many neither,” I said. He just smiled and stepped away to make the room for me. I was so thankful.
【答案】1. crowded后加with
2. select→selected
3. but→and
4. wait→waiting
5. That→What
6. child→children
7. which→who
8. going→go
9. neither→either
10. 删除the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要描述了作者一天下午在商店购物的经历。
【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：我去一个挤满了很多人的商店购物。be crowded with充满，装满，是固定短语，故crowded后加with。
2. 考查时态。句意：我尽快选了一些东西，然后去结账。结合上下文时态及本句中went可知，句子是一般过去时，此处应用动词过去式selected。故将select改为selected。
3. 考查连词。句意：我尽快选了一些东西，然后去结账。结合句意可知，前后两个分句是并列、顺承关系，应用and连接，故将but改为and。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里我发现许多人等待他们的订单结账。find + 宾语+ 补语，本句中many people与动词wait为主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词waiting作宾补，故wait改为waiting。
5.考查主语从句。句意：我担心的是我接两个孩子会迟到。分析可知，本句为含有主语从句和表语从句的复合句，其中was之前为主语从句，was之后为表语从句。主语从句中made为谓语，其前为主语，表示“让我担心的东西”，用连接代词what，故That改为What。
6. 考查名词的数。句意：我担心的是我接两个孩子会迟到。child是可数名词，结合two可知，此处应用复数形式，故将child改为children。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：就在那时，一位站在我前面的老人说：“你没有多少东西。为什么不去我前面呢？”分析句子可知，此处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是an old man，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故将which改为who。
8. 考查固定句型。句意：就在那时，一位站在我前面的老人说：“你没有多少东西。为什么不去我前面呢？”why not do sth.“为什么不做某事呢”是固定句型，表示建议。故将going改为go。
9. 考查副词。句意：“谢谢，但是你也没有很多东西。”我说。结合句意可知，此处表示“也”，位于否定句的句尾，应用either，neither表示“两者都不”，不符合语境。故将neither改为either。
10. 考查零冠词。句意：他只是微笑着走开为我留出空间。room在句中是不可数名词，意为“空间”，make room for“为……腾出地方”，是固定短语，the多余，故去掉the。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“The Power of Teamwork”的英语演讲比赛，请你以此为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．对主题的理解;2．如何实践。
注意：1．词数100左右;2．演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone,
The topic of my speech is “The Power of Teamwork".
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】参考范文
Good morning, everyone,
The topic of my speech is “The Power of Teamwork”. No matter what the age, being able to work together with another person or in a group will have benefits in relationships, school, and work. Teamwork can save us a lot of time and energy. Additionally, we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
How can we cooperate effectively? In my opinion, firstly, we should try to listen to others’ opinions. If they make mistakes, try to point them out in a polite way. Besides, never force your ideas on others. Last but not least, appreciate their gifts, efforts, and sacrifices, whether they are big or small.
Hopefully, to work more efficiently , teamwork does make a difference.
Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“The Power of Teamwork”为主题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有益：have benefits→be good for
合作：cooperate with→work together with
有效地：effectively→availably
此外：besides→moreover
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Teamwork can save us a lot of time and energy. Additionally, we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
拓展句：Teamwork can save us a lot of time and energy because we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
【点睛】[高分句型1] If they make mistakes, try to point them out in a polite way. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2] Last but not least, appreciate their gifts, efforts, and sacrifices, whether they are big or small. (运用了whether…or…引导的让步状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 AACBC 6-10 CBABB 11-15 ACBBA 16-20 ABACC