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2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州外国语高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州外国语高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共27页。
兰州外国语高级中学 2022-2023 年度第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题;试卷总分 150 分，时间 120 分钟;
2. 选择题要用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。非选择题要用 0.5 黑色中性笔在答题卡上指定位置作答。答案写在试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Seeing a play.
B. Going on a diet.
C. Having some ice cream.
2. What did the boy forget yesterday?
A. His ruler.
B. His glasses.
C. His schoolbag.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go to the park.
B. Take pictures.
C. Attend a class.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A handbag.
B. A dress.
C. A phone.
5. How does the man usually travel?
A. By car.
B. By bus.
C. By train.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
6. Why can’t the speakers go to the zoo?
A. It isn’t open.
B. They can’t afford it.
C. It has moved away.
7. What have the speakers decided to do?
A. Stay at home.
B. Go horse-riding.
C. Go to the movies.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Old teammates.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Former classmates.
9. What is the woman more interested in now?
A. Playing tennis.
B. Playing the piano.
C. Playing basketball.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
10. Which subject does the boy probably prefer?
A. History.
B. Politics.
C. Art.
11. What do the girl’s parents expect her to be?
A. A restaurant manager.
B. A politician.
C A teacher.
12. What is the girl good at?
A. Dealing with people.
B. Working with kids.
C. Painting pictures.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum?
A. Different trees.
B. Wild birds.
C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum?
A. Last Thursday.
B. Last Saturday.
C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum?
A. About 15 minutes.
B. About 20 minutes.
C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum?
A. One under 15.
B. One under 17.
C. One under 18.
听下面一段独白, 回答以下小题。
17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning?
A. She watched a play.
B. She visited an old theater.
C. She went to a fishing village.
18. What did the speaker visit during the guided tour?
A. A palace.
B. The ruins of a library.
C. The sea.
19. Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday?
A. Beside a waterfall.
B. Next to a lake.
C. In a village.
20. What did the speaker think of his trip to the carpet factory?
A. Dull.
B. Unforgettable.
C. Fantastic.
第二部分 单项填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. All the applicants will have ________ second try if they fail________ interview test this time.
A. a; the B. a; an C. an; the D. the; an
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：所有的应聘者如果这次面试失败，将再有一次机会。a/an+序数词，意为“又一，再一”。第二空特指“这次面试”，所以用定冠词the。故选A。
2. — How often do you visit your grandparents in the countryside?
— ________, just because of the lockdown and stay-in studies at home.
A. Occasionally B. Bitterly C. Incredibly D. Illegally
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你多久去乡下看望你的祖父母一次?——偶尔，只是因为封锁和在家学习。A. Occasionally偶尔地；B. Bitterly残酷地；C. Incredibly难以置信地；D. Illegally非法地。根据“just because of the lockdown and stay-in studies at home.”可知，因为封锁和在家学习，所以偶尔去乡下看望祖父母一次。故选A。
3. As far as I’m concerned, planning everything so far ahead________ no sense — so many things may have changed by next year.
A. makes B. made C. is making D. has made
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致。句意：就我而言，把所有事情都计划得这么早毫无意义——到明年很多事情可能已经改变了。根据所给句子分析可知，本句主语“planning everything so far ahead（把所有事情都计划得这么早）”，为非谓语动名词作主语，表示单数概念，因此谓语要与主语保持主谓一致使用单数。根据句意分析可知，此处表达一般事实，需使用一般现在时。故填makes。
4. ________ the Internet is of great help both to our studies and life, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it every day.
A. When B. While C. Since D. Once
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然互联网有很大帮助，但是我不认为每天花太多时间在上面是一个好主意。A. When当……时；B. While然而；C. Since自从；D. Once一旦。根据句意可知，前后句意存在让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句。故选B。
5. You’d better take down the phone number of the company for future________.
A. preference B. reference C. memory D. progress
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好把公司的电话号码记下来，以便将来查询。根据空前take down the phone number of the company及常识可知，记下电话号码是为了方便将来查询。A. preference偏爱；B. reference查询；C. memory回忆；D. progress进步。故选B。
6. —What do you think of the book you borrowed from the library yesterday?
— It’s________ a book. It serves as a really good guide to job hunters.
A. less than B. more than C. rather than D. other than
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：——你觉得你昨天从图书馆借的那本书怎么样?——这不仅仅是一本书。对于求职者来说，这是一个很好的指南。A. less than少于；B. more than不仅仅；C. rather than而不是；D. other than除了。根据“It serves as a really good guide to job hunters.”可知，这不仅仅是一本书，更是一本求职指南。故选B。
7. Nowadays more and more people abroad find________ almost impossible for them to avoid buying products made in China.
A. that B. themselves C. its D. it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：现在越来越多的外国人发现他们几乎不可能不买中国制造的产品。动词find后用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to avoid buying products made in China。故选D。
8. I’ll never forget those years________ I lived in the small county with the workers, ________ has a great effect on my life today.
A. that; which B. when; who C. that; that D. when; which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我在小县城和工人们一起生活的那些年，这对我今天的生活有很大的影响。第一空是限定性定语从句，先行词为those years，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导；第二空为非限制性定语从句，关系词指前面的事，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。
9. We are told that________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. whatever B. what C. who D. whoever
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意： 我们被告知，无论谁犯错误了都必须改正错误。主语从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁”，连接词为whoever。故填whoever。
10. Over the last three months, my roommate Lin Tao________ in the library every night.
A. worked B. had been working
C. has been working D. is working
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，我的室友林涛每晚都在图书馆工作。根据时间状语Over the last three months,可知，此处使用现在完成时；句子描述的Lin Tao每晚在图书馆工作这个动作从过去的三个月就开始一直持续到现在，还有可能会持续下去，因此用现在完成进行时。故选C项。
11. It is the ability to do the job________ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. which B. what C. that D. it
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：重要的是做这项工作的能力，而不是你来自哪里，是干什么的。分析句子结构可知这是一个强调句结构，由that 或who 引导从句，故选C项。
12. The school library is still________. You can borrow the book you’re in need of.
A. acceptable B. avoidable C. available D. affordable
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校图书馆仍然开放。你可以借你需要的那本书。A. acceptable可接受的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. available有空的；可利用的；D. affordable支付得起的。根据“You can borrow the book you’re in need of.”可知，学校图书馆仍然开放（可利用的）。故选C。
13. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.
A make out B. leave out C. stand out D. bring out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：老师一再强调学生在复述故事时不要忽略掉任何重要的细节。A. make out理解；辨认出；B. leave out漏掉；忽略；C. stand out突出；D. bring out使显示；出版；生产；说出。根据“any important details”可知，复述故事时不要忽略掉任何重要的细节。故选B。
14. All the students ________ something busily in the classroom when their headteacher Miss Brown came in to fetch a book she________ there.
A. had written, were leaving B. were writing, had left
C. are writing, has left D. have written, has left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：所有的学生都在教室里忙着写东西的时候，突然他们的班主任布朗小姐进来取她之前落在那里的一本书。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空所在的这句话All the students ________ something busily in the classroom对应的有when引导的时间状语从句，它描述的是过去正在发生着的动作，所以谓语用过去进行时，主语是All the students，be动词用were；第二个空是定语从句 she________ there的谓语动词，修饰先行词book，描述的是过去的过去发生过的动作，用过去完成时。故选B。
15. — Would you mind if I asked you a question?
—________, as long as it won’t take long.
A. Of course B. Never mind C. Go ahead D. Don’t worry
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你介意我问你一个问题吗？——问吧，只要不需要很长时间。A. Of course当然；B. Never mind(用于安慰)没关系，不用担心；C. Go ahead表示同意或允许，表示同意对方的请求，根据情况可译为：说吧，做吧，开始吧，进行吧；D. Don’t worry用来安慰对方不要担心。根据空后可知，后者同意了前者的问问题的请求。故选C。
16. ________ to my Chinese teacher’s handwriting, mine is just so so.
A. Addicted B. Exposed C. Devoted D. Compared
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和我语文老师的书法相比，我的书法一般般。A. Addicted沉溺；使……上瘾；B. Exposed暴露；C. Devoted致力于；D. Compared比较。根据“mine is just so so.”可知，将我的书法与语文老师的书法相比较。故选D。
17. We have lost touch with the travelers; they________ lost in the deep forest.
A. should have got B. can’t have got C. will have got D. must have got
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done表示推测。句意：我们和游客失去了联系；他们肯定在森林深处迷路了。因为此处包含了词组get lost表示“迷路”，故各选项补充完成的形式如下：A. should have got lost本应该迷路；B. can’t have got lost本不可能迷了路；C. will have got lost将会迷路；D. must have got lost一定迷路了。因为前文指出“失去联系”，故可推测一定已经迷了路。故选D项。
18. It’s reported that________ of the road________ collapsed. It needs________.
A. three-fourths; was; repaired B. three quarters; has; to repair
C. three quarters; has; repairing D. three-fourth; was; to be repaired
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查分数、主谓一致和固定搭配。句意：据报道这条路的四分之三已经坍塌。它需要修理。第一空：根据分数表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过一时，分母加s，“四分之三”是three quarters/three-fourths/three fourths；第二空：“路”和“坍塌”之间是主动关系，不用被动语态，主语是一条路，所以谓语动词用单数has+过去分词；第三空：“某事需要做”用something needs doing/to be done。综上，故选C。
19. — OK, I’m at the crossroads that you told me about. ________?
— Well, walk one more block east and you will see the bank on your left.
A. Now what B. So what C. What for D. Guess what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——好吧，我正处在你告诉我的十字路口。现在怎么办呢?——嗯，再往东走一个街区，你就会看到银行在你的左边。A. Now what现在怎么办；B. So what那又怎样；C. What for为什么；D. Guess what你猜怎么着。根据“Well, walk one more block east and you will see the bank on your left.”可知，现在在十字路口，不知道怎么办（走）。故选A。
20. — Are you going to Li Ming’s birthday party tomorrow evening?
—________ I might have to attend a family meeting then.
A. It depends B. Sounds great C. Thank you D. All right
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——明天晚上你去参加李明的生日聚会吗?——视情况而定。那时我可能得参加家庭会议。A. It depends视情况而定；B. Sounds great听起来不错；C. Thank you谢谢；D. All right好，行。根据“I might have to attend a family meeting then.”可知，去不去参加李明的生日聚会会视情况而定。故选A。
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上相应位置涂黑。
A
Time Out — Our Pick of Events Around the World
SAN FRANCISCO BEER WEEK, FEBRUARY 7-16
Breweries and venues exhibit a diverse selection of craft beers during this event, with activities that include food pairings, comedy nights and cycling tours of the neighborhood. Prices vary for each event. sfbeerweek.org
BERLIN INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL, FEBRUARY 20-MARCH 1
The 70th edition of the annual cinematic event takes place across Berlin, with screenings of 400 films including the international premiere of Matteo Garrone’s Pinocchio. New this year is the Encounters competition, promoting daring works from independent filmmakers. Tickets go on sale on February 17, but look out for free events in the Audi Berlinale Lounge. berlinale.de
PICASSO AND PAPER, LONDON, UNTIL APRIL 13
The Royal Academy is holding the largest exhibition devoted to Picasso’s paper art, showcasing more than 300 works which range from collages to sculptures and etchings. Highlights include Femmes à Leur Toilette (1937-38), exhibited in the UK for the first time in more than half a century, and cubist sculpture Violin (1912). Tickets from ￡18. royalacademy.org.uk
EXCLUSIVE COOKING ATRS IN MARCH
On March 31, Business Traveller will host an evening with Theo Randall at the London Park Lane. Join us for a drinks reception at 6.30 pm followed by a cooking demo by Randall and a food tasting. Theo’s passion for Italian fare took him from Chez Panisse in California to head chef at the River Café, before opening his restaurant at the Intercontinental London Park Lane in 2006. The business traveller team looks forward to meeting you. To book tickets, visit businesstravellerevents.com
21. How long does the San Francisco Beer Week last?
A 11 days. B. 15 days. C. 7 days. D. 10 days.
22. Which event will you choose if you are a lover of arts?
A. Francisco Beer Week.
B. Berlin International Film Festival.
C. Picasso and Paper.
D. Exclusive Cooking Arts in March.
23. How is Berlin International Film Festival different from the other events?
A. People can attend the activity free of charge on February 17.
B. The event is held every year.
C. Beverages and foods are not provided by the organizers.
D. Tickets can only be booked online.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了从世界各地挑选的活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据SAN FRANCISCO BEER WEEK, FEBRUARY 7-16中“FEBRUARY 7-16 (2月7 - 16)”可知，旧金山啤酒周持续10天。故选D项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据PICASSO AND PAPER, LONDON, UNTIL APRIL 13部分“The Royal Academy is holding the largest exhibition devoted to Picasso’s paper art, showcasing more than 300 works which range from collages to sculptures and etchings.(英国皇家艺术学院正在举办规模最大的毕加索纸艺展览，展出300多件作品，包括拼贴画、雕塑和蚀刻画)”可推知，艺术爱好者会选择PICASSO AND PAPER艺术展。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据SAN FRANCISCO BEER WEEK, FEBRUARY 7-16部分“Prices vary for each event. sfbeerweek.org (每个活动的价格各不相同)”、BERLIN INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL, FEBRUARY 20-MARCH 1部分“Tickets go on sale on February 17, but look out for free events in the Audi Berlinale Lounge (门票将于2月17日开始销售，但您可以通过奥迪柏林酒廊寻求免费活动)”、PICASSO AND PAPER, LONDON, UNTIL APRIL 13部分“Tickets from ￡18. (票价18英镑起)”和EXCLUSIVE COOKING ATRS IN MARCH部分“To book tickets, visit businesstravellerevents.com (订票请访问businesstravellerevents.com)”可知，只有在柏林国际电影节，人们才能在2月17日可以通过奥迪柏林酒廊免费参与活动。故选A项。
B
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
In the United States alone, there are more than 80 brands of bottled water. That makes the United State one of the top bottled-water-consuming nations. A single-serve water bottle offers great convenience, which isn’t the only reason for bottled water’s rise in popularity. Many people believe that bottled water is cleaner and more healthful than tap water from public water system.
That is a misconception. In the United States, tap water is regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). By federal law, tap water is supposed to be tested every year to make sure it is safe to drink. Tap water also often contains naturally present minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. Those minerals make tap water healthful.
The impact of bottled water on the environment is staggering. Approximately 2.7 million tons of plastic are turned into disposable bottles each year. The manufacturing of all those bottles requires large quantities of crude oil and water. That process produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often shipped long distances to reach consumers, sometimes across vast continents. The transportation of the product uses even more fossil fuels and creates more pollution.
“Back to the tap” movements are cropping up around the world. They encourage people to use tap water and reusable “sports” bottles rather than bottled water. Colleges and universities have begun to ban the use and sale of bottled water on their campuses. San Francisco, Concord (Massachusetts), and other cities across the United States have adopted bans on single-serve water bottles. Cities in Canada (Toronto), Australia (New South Wales), and several states in India have taken similar action. Many bottled water companies are trying to do their part. They have reduced the amount of plastic in their bottles and bottle caps. Bottled water has become an international phenomenon, and it can be an important source of safe drinking water. We should not lose sight of a more environmentally friendly source, however: the water that comes out of our taps.
24. Why do so many people prefer to drink bottled water according to the passage?
________________________________________________
25. Find out all the advantages of tap water mentioned in the passage.
________________________________________________
26. How does bottled water negatively affect the environment?
________________________________________________
27. Design a slogan to appeal to your schoolmates “Back to the tap” .
________________________________________________
【答案】24. Because they believe that bottled water is more convenient, cleaner and more healthful.
25. Tap water is safer and it contains healthy natural minerals and reduces pollution.
26. The entire life cycle of disposable water bottles uses fossil fuels, which contributes to global warming and causes pollution.
27. We only drink the water that comes out of our taps.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍瓶装水受欢迎的原因，但也带来了安全问题、卫生问题、资源浪费等问题，号召人们节约资源，多用自来水。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A single-serve water bottle offers great convenience, which isn’t the only reason for bottled water’s rise in popularity. Many people believe that bottled water is cleaner and more healthful than tap water from public water system.(单次饮用的水瓶提供了极大的方便，这并不是瓶装水越来越受欢迎的唯一原因。许多人认为瓶装水比公共供水系统的自来水更清洁、更健康。)”可知，许多人喜欢喝瓶装水是因为他们认为瓶装水更方便、更清洁、更健康。故答案为Because they believe that bottled water is more convenient, cleaner and more healthful.
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“By federal law, tap water is supposed to be tested every year to make sure it is safe to drink. Tap water also often contains naturally present minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. Those minerals make tap water healthful. (根据联邦法律，自来水应该每年进行检测，以确保饮用安全。自来水通常也含有天然矿物质，如钙和镁。这些矿物质使自来水健康。)”和第三段的“The impact of bottled water on the environment is staggering.(瓶装水对环境的影响令人震惊)”可知，自来水更安全、含有让人健康的天然矿物质且能够减少污染。故答案为Tap water is safer and it contains healthy natural minerals and reduces pollution.
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The manufacturing of all those bottles requires large quantities of crude oil and water. That process produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often shipped long distances to reach consumers, sometimes across vast continents. The transportation of the product uses even more fossil fuels and creates more pollution. (生产所有这些瓶子需要大量的原油和水。这一过程会产生温室气体。瓶装水通常要经过长途运输才能到达消费者手中，有时甚至跨越广阔的大陆。产品的运输使用了更多的化石燃料，造成了更多的污染。)”可知，一次性水瓶的整个生命周期都使用化石燃料，这导致了全球变暖，并造成污染。故答案为The entire life cycle of disposable water bottles uses fossil fuels, which contributes to global warming and causes pollution.
【27题详解】
开放题。要求考生设计一个口号来吸引你的同学“回到水龙头”，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为We only drink the water that comes out of our taps.
C
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
How do you feel about bees? Do you get annoyed when they buzz around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting you? Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.
Bees deserve some respect — they give us honey, and they play their part either pollinating the many vegetables and fruits we eat directly or pollinating the food for the animals that we then consume. In fact, they are the world’s most important pollinators. That’s not all — a study by the University of Reading in the UK, found bees and other pollinating insects have a global economic value of around £120bn ($150bn) and contribute around £690m ($850m) to the UK economy every year.
So, bees are worth protecting, and although a small number of bee species are vital for crops such as oilseed rape, apples and strawberries, experts say we should be taking care of all our bees. Researchers say conservation efforts should be aimed at a wide number of species — even those that currently contribute little to crop pollination —– in order to maintain biodiversity and ensure future food security.
Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss. It’s something we should be worried about because, as Gill Perkins, chief executive of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, told BBC Future website: “They provide a whole ecosystem service.” The recent lockdowns caused by the coronavirus pandemic seem to have given bee populations a little boost because they faced less human disturbance, traffic and polluting fumes.
Conservationists hope, going forward, people will appreciate bees more and encourage them to thrive as they reconnect with nature. Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees, which are so iconic and beautiful and buzzy.” So, it really seems time to give bees a second chance.
28. Please state the function of paragraph 1.
________________________________________________
29. What reasons have contributed to the decrease in bee populations?
________________________________________________
30. Is the following statement true or false? Please provide evidence from the passage.
Gill Perkins says reconnecting with nature helps improve the mental health of bumblebees.
________________________________________________
31. What is the main idea of this passage?
________________________________________________
【答案】28. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
29. In recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss.
30. False. Because she said that people were beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing was supported by nature.
31. The importance of bees.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜蜂的重要性。
【28题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段“How do you feel about bees? Do you get annoyed when they buzz around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting you? Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.(你对蜜蜂有什么看法？当它们在你周围嗡嗡作响时，你会感到恼火吗？你会担心它们的任务只是叮你吗？不管你爱它们还是讨厌它们，这些小昆虫都是极其重要的生物，没有它们，我们可能会饿死)”及下文可推断，本段是为了引出整篇文章的主题。故答案为To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
【29题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss. (不幸的是，近年来，由于农药、寄生虫、疾病和栖息地的丧失，蜜蜂的数量一直在下降)”可知，近年来，蜜蜂数量的减少是因为农药、寄生虫、疾病和栖息地的丧失。故答案为In recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss.
【30题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees, which are so iconic and beautiful and buzzy.”(吉尔·帕金斯说：“他们开始意识到他们的心理健康和幸福是如何得到大自然的支持的——尤其是大黄蜂，它们是如此的标志性、美丽和嗡嗡声。”)”可知，吉尔·帕金斯认为人们开始意识到他们的心理健康和幸福是由大自然支持的，大黄蜂是大自然不可缺少的一部分。故答案为False. Because she said that people were beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing was supported by nature.
【31题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.(不管你爱它们还是讨厌它们，这些小昆虫都是极其重要的生物，没有它们，我们可能会饿死)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了蜜蜂的重要性。故答案为The importance of bees.
D
In Sweden, scientists are looking to a farm animal to help them find a treatment or vaccine against the new coronavirus(新冠病毒). Researchers from the Karolinska Institute, a medical university near Stockholm, are putting their hope in a 12-year-old alpaca(羊驼) from Germany. Alpacas belong to the camel family.
The scientists started by recreating the so-called “spike” protein that permits the coronavirus to infect human cells. They then injected the spike protein into the alpaca, whose name is Tyson. The team is collecting blood samples to see whether the alpaca can develop antibodies against the spike protein.
In a statement to the press, the researchers called them “neutralizing antibodies.” If you neutralize something harmful, you take away its ability to cause harm. The head of the research team in Sweden is Gerald McInerney. He said the hope is that the neutralizing antibodies will be able to effectively block the virus protein - and thereby the coronavirus - from entering cells and spreading. The results could be used to develop drug treatments or possibly a vaccine for COVID-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus. While the scientific work is still at an early stage, McInerney said his team has seen evidence it could work in people.
In a Reuters interview McInerney said, “In principle, all the evidence would suggest it will work very well in humans.” He added however, that “it is a very complex system.” McInerney noted that the coronavirus mutates(变异) “quite easily.” So, researchers need to be prepared to develop several different kinds of antibodies.
McInerney explained that his team began its research back in January. At that time, they say they believed the coronavirus could become a serious pandemic. The researchers also knew it would take a long time to develop a vaccine, as well as drugs to slow the progression of the disease and save lives, he added.
But why use an alpaca? Studies have shown that alpacas and other members of the camel family are known to produce nanobodies. Nanobodies are easier for scientists to work with. Sharks have also been found to produce nanobodies. But sharks are not as easy to work with as alpacas.
32. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Alpaca Helps to Make COVID-19 Vaccine
B. How Do Scientists Find Vaccine for COVID-19?
C. Gerald McInerney and His Research Team
D. Alpacas--An kind of Animal Belonging to Camel Family
33. What do we know about alpacas?
A. They can always develop antibodies against the spike protein.
B. They have been used to help treat COVID-19 so far.
C. They are the only existing animals which can produce nanobodies.
D. The nanobodies produced by them may have a positive effect on the treatment of COVID-19.
34. What is Gerald McInerney’s attitude towards the research of his team?
A. Vague B. Doubtful
C. Expectant D. Casual
35. It can be concluded from the passage that ________ .
A It is much easier to obtain nanobodies from sharks than from alpacas.
B. It remains to be seen whether the coronavirus can mutates or not.
C. The virus protein plays a key role in the infection of COVID-19.
D. It has turned out that neutralizing antibodies will work very well in humans.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍羊驼帮助科学家开发新冠肺炎疫苗。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In Sweden, scientists are looking to a farm animal to help them find a treatment or vaccine against the new coronavirus(新冠病毒). Researchers from the Karolinska Institute, a medical university near Stockholm, are putting their hope in a 12-year-old alpaca(羊驼) from Germany. (在瑞典，科学家们正在寻找一种农场动物来帮助他们找到对抗新型冠状病毒的治疗方法或疫苗。斯德哥尔摩附近的卡罗林斯卡医学院的研究人员把希望寄托在一只12岁的德国羊驼身上。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍科学家利用羊驼开发新冠肺炎疫苗。所以“Alpaca Helps to Make COVID-19 Vaccine(羊驼有助于制造COVID-19疫苗)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But why use an alpaca? Studies have shown that alpacas and other members of the camel family are known to produce nanobodies. Nanobodies are easier for scientists to work with. (但为什么要用羊驼呢?研究表明，羊驼和其他骆驼家族成员已知能产生纳米体。纳米体对科学家来说更容易研究。)”可知，羊驼产生的纳米体可能对新冠肺炎的治疗有积极影响。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While the scientific work is still at an early stage, McInerney said his team has seen evidence it could work in people. (虽然这项科学工作仍处于早期阶段，但麦金纳尼说，他的团队已经看到了它对人类有效的证据。)”可推断，杰拉德·麦金纳尼对他的团队的研究持期待的态度。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“In a Reuters interview McInerney said, “In principle, all the evidence would suggest it will work very well in humans.”(麦金纳尼在接受路透社采访中表示：“原则上，所有证据都表明它（指代第三段提到的中和抗体）将在人体内很好地起到作用。”)”可知，事实证明，中和抗体在人体中非常有效。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，根据上下文，给每个空白处写一句话，使得文章通顺、有逻辑。
You might remember daydreaming during class when you were growing up. Maybe you looked out the window and dreamed, but your teachers discouraged it. As a matter of fact, ____36____ Scientists agree that we spend an astonishing 30% - 50% of our time in daydreams.
____37____ Daydreaming can be defined as the reverie you experience while you’re awake.
Contrary to what you may have been taught, ____38____
Daydreaming Lessens Stress and Anxiety
By tuning out the noisy “outside” world, you allow your thoughts to flow freely. This fosters mental relaxation and exploration.When our thoughts flow like this, we are in what is called the alpha wave state.When we are in the alpha zone, we are calm and not thinking of anything with forced vigor.
____39____
Research has established that daydreaming is correlated with higher levels of creativity. Take a break. The mind will still incubate on the problem.
Bianca L. Rodriguez says, “That’s why most of us have aha moments while doing mundane things like washing the dishes where we don’t have to focus too hard on the task at hand which allows space in our psyche to receive and reveal new information.”
Daydreaming Uses Diverse Parts of Your Brain
If you’ve ever noticed, children’s minds wander about constantly. It’s no secret that the young are daydreaming a lot. Yet, having your “head in the clouds,” as some people describe daydreaming, turns out to be more than a simple or diversionary pastime. As your mind wanders, you are using diverse aspects of your brain. Both the executive problem-solving network as well as the creativity network in your brain are working simultaneously.
So ____40____
【答案】36. You weren’t being disobedient when your thoughts escaped elsewhere.
37. So, what is daydreaming?
38. daydreaming about pleasant things is far from useless.
39. Daydreaming Expands Your Creativity
40. daydreaming affords us humans many benefits.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了白日梦的积极影响。
【36题详解】
根据前句“Maybe you looked out the window and dreamed, but your teachers discouraged it.(也许你望着窗外，梦想着，但你的老师劝阻你去做。)”和后句“Scientists agree that we spend an astonishing 30% - 50% of our time in daydreams.(科学家们一致认为，我们花在白日梦上的时间高达惊人的30% - 50%。)”可知，这里为承上启下句。白日梦有时是不受控制的。事实上，当你的思想跑到别处时，你并不是不听话。故答案为You weren’t being disobedient when your thoughts escaped elsewhere.
【37题详解】
根据后句“Daydreaming can be defined as the reverie you experience while you’re awake. (白日梦可以被定义为你清醒时所经历的遐想。)”可知，这里为白日梦下定义，所以前句应为问句：什么是白日梦？故答案为So, what is daydreaming?
【38题详解】
根据前半句“Contrary to what you may have been taught, (与你可能被教导的相反，)”和常识可知，一般都认为做白日梦是无用的。故答案为daydreaming about pleasant things is far from useless.
【39题详解】
这里为本段小标题。根据下文“Research has established that daydreaming is correlated with higher levels of creativity. (研究已经证实，白日做梦与更高水平的创造力有关。)”可知，本段主要介绍白日梦能拓展你的创造力。故答案为Daydreaming Expands Your Creativity.
【40题详解】
这里为文章总结句。根据上文小标题“Daydreaming Lessens Stress and Anxiety (白日做梦可以减轻压力和焦虑)”、“Daydreaming Expands Your Creativity (白日梦能拓展你的创造力)”、和“Daydreaming Uses Diverse Parts of Your Brain (做白日梦会用到大脑的不同部分)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了做白日梦给我们人类带来很多好处。故答案为daydreaming affords us humans many benefits.
第四部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡指定位置涂黑。
“Never settle down!” It’s a slogan used by the Houston Astros baseball team. When they won the world championship in 2017, I really admired their ____41____ and mighty team spirit.
On Nov 7, 21 athletes from my____42____ participated in an autumn sports meeting. On the playground, the track(赛道) was newly____43____ with white paint. Students wore their class uniforms. Sweat shone on the athletes’ faces in the autumn sunlight. They spared____44____ to fight for victory and their determination deeply moved us.
What impressed me most was our team spirit. In the 3,000-meter race, one student suddenly fell and seemed to give up. ____45____, two other students____46____ help him up. Then they ran ____47____ him to the finish line. In my eyes, it was the courage of our classmates that helped the boy____48____ the end.
That might be what the director anticipated(期望). The____49____ of this event stated, “the intention for us to host this event is to_____50_____ students’ potential to obtain their goals. It’s a powerful approach to let them understand the importance of devotion and feeling a sense of accomplishment(成就). We believe it can greatly help them _____51_____ and mentally.”
Back to September, as soon as we stepped into the third year of our senior high journey, we_____52_____ our minds to let our college dreams come true. After four months of effort, we have_____53_____ a stage_____54_____ there will be more challenges in the way. We will be_____55_____ in our process to succeed.
41. A. hope B. adventure C. practice D. confidence
42. A. country B. class C. city D. dormitory
43. A. filled B. decorated C. marked D. covered
44. A. no effort B. no expense C. no time D. money
45. A. As B. However C. Soon D. But
46. A. hurried to B. happened to C. failed to D. pointed to
47. A. beyond B. under C. among D. alongside
48. A. head to B. stick to C. adapt to D. turn to
49. A. athlete B. organizer C. teacher D. enthusiast
50. A. stimulate B. improve C. contribute D. find
51. A. physically B. psychologically C. normally D. occasionally
52. A. cared about B. thought of C. made up D. worried about
53. A. kept B. made C. left D. reached
54. A. where B. that C. when D. what
55. A. passionate B. persistent C. excited D. brave
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者班上的学生参加运动会过程中以及高三备考过程中表现出来的团结协助、坚持不懈的精神。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 当他们在2017年赢得世界冠军时，我真的很钦佩他们的自信和强大的团队精神。A. hope希望；B. adventure冒险、冒险精神；C. practice练习；D. confidence自信。 根据前面的“Never settle down”可知，永远不要安定下来，说明要永远保持冒险精神，adventure符合语境。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月7日，我们班21名运动员参加了秋季运动会。A. country国家；B. class班级；C. city城市；D. dormitory集体宿舍。根据下文“Students wore their class uniforms.”可知，学生穿班服，说明是我们班上的学生。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在操场上，跑道刚刚刷上了白漆。A. filled使充满；B. decorated装饰；C. marked做标记；D. covered覆盖。根据后面的“with white paint”可知，此处指跑道上刷上了白漆，covered符合语境。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他们不遗余力地争取胜利，他们的决心深深打动了我们。A. no effort不遗余力；B. no expense不花费；C. no time没有时间；D. money钱。spare no effort为固定短语，表示“不遗余力地”，此处符合语境。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在3000米赛跑中，一个学生突然摔倒，似乎要放弃了。然而，另外两个学生赶紧把他扶起来。A. As当……时；B. However然而；C. Soon很快；D. But但是。根据前面的“one student suddenly fell and seemed to give up”和后面的“help him up”可知，本来这个学生都要放弃了，然而另外两个学生将他扶起来，并陪着他跑到了终点，前后之间存在明显的转折关系，however符合语境。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在3000米赛跑中，一个学生突然摔倒，似乎要放弃了。然而，另外两个学生赶紧把他扶起来。A. hurried to赶往；B. happened to碰巧；C. failed to未能；D. pointed to指向、表明。根据前面的“one student suddenly fell and seemed to give up”可知，一个学生突然摔倒了，属于比较紧急的情况，另外两个学生也应该是快速地冲过来扶起，hurried to符合语境。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：然后他们和他一起跑到终点线。A. beyond超过；B. under在……下方；C. among在……之间；D. alongside在……旁边。根据“they ran ____7____ him to the finish line.”可知，此处指在边上陪着他跑完终点，alongside符合语境。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：在我看来，这是我们同学的勇气，帮助男孩坚持到底。A. head to朝某地走去；B. stick to坚持；C. adapt to使适应；D. turn to转向、求助于。根据前面的“Then they ran ____7____ him to the finish line.”可知，这两个学生陪着他跑完了全程，由此可知，此处指帮他“坚持到底”，stick to符合语境。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：本次活动的组织者表示:“我们举办这次活动的目的是激发学生实现目标的潜能。”A. athlete运动员；B. organizer组织者；C. teacher老师；D. enthusiast热烈支持者。根据后面的“the intention for us to host this event”可知，说话人提到了举办本次运动会的意图，由此可知，他是比赛的组织者。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：本次活动的组织者表示:“我们举办这次活动的目的是激发学生实现目标的潜能。”A. stimulate刺激；B. improve提高；C. contribute贡献；D. find发现。根据后面的“students’ potential”可知，潜能应是“激发的”，stimulate符合语境。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们相信这对他们的身心都有很大帮助。A. physically身体上；B. psychologically心理上；C. normally通常、平常；D. occasionally偶尔、偶然。根据后面的“and mentally”可知，此处指身心上 的帮助，physically和mentally为习惯搭配。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：一迈入高三，我们就下定决心要让大学梦成真。A. cared about担心、关心；B. thought of想出；C. made up编造、下决心；D. worried about担忧。根据“as soon as we stepped into the third year of our senior high journey, we ____12____ our minds to let our college dreams come true.”可知，此处指“下定决心让大学梦成真”，make up one’s mind为固定搭配，表示“下定决心做某事”。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过四个月的努力，我们已经到了一个会有更多挑战的阶段。 A. kept保持；B. made制作；C. left留下、离开；D. reached抵达。根据“After four months of effort, we have ____13____ a stage ____14____ there will be more challenges in the way.”可知，此处指到达了一个有更多挑战的阶段，reached符合语境。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：经过四个月的努力，我们已经到了一个会有更多挑战的阶段。A. where在……地方；B. that引导从句时，无意义。 C. when在……时候；D. what什么、所……的东西。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的stage，此处表示“阶段”，这是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们将在成功的过程中坚持不懈。A. passionate狂热的；B. persistent坚持不懈的；C. excited激动的、兴奋的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前后逻辑可知，前面说困难重重，后面又说成功，此处应指“坚持到成功”，persistent符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并写在答题卡指定位置。
More than a fifth of all reptile species (爬行动物) are threatened with extinction, which could have____56____ destructive impact on the planet, a new study warns. Fifty-two experts analysed data from the Global Reptile Assessment, which, in the past 17 years, ____57____ (receive) contributions from more than 900 scientists across six continents.
Although many reptiles live in dry____58____ (environment) such as deserts and scrubland, most species occur in forests, ____59____ they suffer from threats such as logging and conversion of land for agriculture. Hunting is also a major threat to reptiles, especially turtles and crocodiles (鳄鱼), many of which are____60____ risk of extinction. Another major factor that ____61____ (contribute) to forming the threat is the introduction of invasive (入侵的) species.
The study is not all depressing. Scientists noted that conservation efforts to help other animals are likely to be protecting reptile species as collateral (抵押品). “We found, surprisingly, that if you set out____62____ (protect) places where birds, mammals (哺乳动物) and amphibians (两栖动物) under threat live together, you’ll protect many more____63____ (threaten) reptiles at the same time, ” said Bruce Young, co-leader of the study.
Yet reptiles also require direct, ____64____ (globe) efforts to protect them, said Cox. Governments will negotiate (议定) new targets to protect biodiversity, ____65____ (include) reptiles, in Kunming, China, later this year.
【答案】56. a 57. has received
58. environments
59. where 60. at
61. contributes
62. to protect
63. threatened
64. global 65. including
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项的新的研究，研究发现超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能会对地球造成毁灭性的影响。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一项新的研究警告说，超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能会对地球造成毁灭性的影响。have an impact on意为“对……有影响”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用不定冠词。空格后destructive的开头发音为辅音音素，不定冠词应用a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：52名专家分析了《全球爬行动物评估》的数据，在过去的17年里，《全球爬行动物评估》接受了来自六大洲的900多名科学家的投稿。根据“in the past 17 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。在定语从句中，关系代词which代指先行词the Global Reptile Assessment，所以从句中的主语为第三人称单数。故填has received。
【58题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：尽管许多爬行动物生活在干燥的环境中，如沙漠和灌木丛，但大多数物种生活在森林中，在那里它们遭受着伐木和耕地转换等威胁。environment意为“环境”，此处为可数名词，根据空后“such as deserts and scrubland”可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填environments。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽管许多爬行动物生活在干燥的环境中，如沙漠和灌木丛，但大多数物种生活在森林中，在那里它们遭受着伐木和耕地转换等威胁。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为forests，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：狩猎也是爬行动物的主要威胁，尤其是海龟和鳄鱼，其中许多濒临灭绝。at risk of意为“处于……的风险”，为固定搭配。故填at。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：造成威胁的另一个主要因素是入侵物种的引入。根据“is the introduction”可知，此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。在定语从句中，关系代词that代指先行词factor，所以定语从句中的主语为第三人称单数。故填contributes。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们惊奇地发现，如果你着手保护受到威胁的鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物共同生活的地方，你将同时保护更多受到威胁的爬行动物，”该研究的联合负责人布鲁斯·杨说。set out to do意为“着手做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to protect。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们惊奇地发现，如果你着手保护受到威胁的鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物共同生活的地方，你将同时保护更多受到威胁的爬行动物，”该研究的联合负责人布鲁斯·杨说。动词threaten意为“威胁”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语reptiles构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词，作定语。故填threatened。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：考克斯说，爬行动物也需要全球的直接努力来保护它们。修饰名词efforts，应用形容词global表示“全球的”，作定语。故填global。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今年晚些时候，各国政府将在中国昆明协商保护生物多样性（包括爬行动物）的新目标。动词include意为“包含”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语biodiversity之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填including。
第五部分 写作(20 分)
66. 完成一篇个人网络博客文章，谈谈你对近期居家网课学习与生活的体悟、收获与思考。 要求：
1. 150词-180词；
2. 结合自身感受，表达真情实感，不抄袭，不套作；
3. 题目自拟。
提 示 ： Blog, a new text type in the digital age, is characteristic of a first person perspective, deep thinking, informal language, or even a mixture of styles.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Because of the epidemic, we have to take online classes at home. My day begins from 8 am. I have online lessons everyday following the school schedule. Can you believe we even have indoor P.E. classes to keep fit?
Online learning has been more popular. I think online learning is a very good way to study. It has many advantages.
First, we don’t have to go to school, for we can take lessons at home on computers or mobile phones. Secondly, we can repeat what we don’t understand. In addition, online learning costs less because both teachers and students can share resources. There are also problems with online learning. Some students play games on the Internet instead of studying. Besides, online learning can’t communicate face to face. I hope parents pay more attention to their children to prevent them from spending time playing computer games. I also hope to improve online learning so that teachers and students can communicate better.
Compared with classroom learning, e-learning requires self-discipline. Encouraged by my teachers and parents, I’ve become more disciplined and learned to manage time more effectively.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生完成一篇个人网络博客文章，谈谈你对近期居家网课学习与生活的体悟、收获与思考。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因为：because of →due to
许多：many → a lot of
此外：besides → what’s more
阻止：prevent →stop
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Because of the epidemic, we have to take online classes at home.
拓展句：Because the epidemic has broken out, we have to take online classes at home.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition, online learning costs less because both teachers and students can share resources.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I hope parents pay more attention to their children to prevent them from spending time playing computer games.（运用了宾语从句）
兰州外国语高级中学 2022-2023 年度第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题;试卷总分 150 分，时间 120 分钟;
2. 选择题要用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。非选择题要用 0.5 黑色中性笔在答题卡上指定位置作答。答案写在试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Seeing a play.
B. Going on a diet.
C. Having some ice cream.
2. What did the boy forget yesterday?
A. His ruler.
B. His glasses.
C. His schoolbag.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go to the park.
B. Take pictures.
C. Attend a class.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A handbag.
B. A dress.
C. A phone.
5. How does the man usually travel?
A. By car.
B. By bus.
C. By train.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
6. Why can’t the speakers go to the zoo?
A. It isn’t open.
B. They can’t afford it.
C. It has moved away.
7. What have the speakers decided to do?
A. Stay at home.
B. Go horse-riding.
C. Go to the movies.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Old teammates.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Former classmates.
9. What is the woman more interested in now?
A. Playing tennis.
B. Playing the piano.
C. Playing basketball.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
10. Which subject does the boy probably prefer?
A. History.
B. Politics.
C. Art.
11. What do the girl’s parents expect her to be?
A. A restaurant manager.
B. A politician.
C A teacher.
12. What is the girl good at?
A. Dealing with people.
B. Working with kids.
C. Painting pictures.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum?
A. Different trees.
B. Wild birds.
C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum?
A. Last Thursday.
B. Last Saturday.
C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum?
A. About 15 minutes.
B. About 20 minutes.
C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum?
A. One under 15.
B. One under 17.
C. One under 18.
听下面一段独白, 回答以下小题。
17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning?
A. She watched a play.
B. She visited an old theater.
C. She went to a fishing village.
18. What did the speaker visit during the guided tour?
A. A palace.
B. The ruins of a library.
C. The sea.
19. Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday?
A. Beside a waterfall.
B. Next to a lake.
C. In a village.
20. What did the speaker think of his trip to the carpet factory?
A. Dull.
B. Unforgettable.
C. Fantastic.
第二部分 单项填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. All the applicants will have ________ second try if they fail________ interview test this time.
A. a; the B. a; an C. an; the D. the; an
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：所有的应聘者如果这次面试失败，将再有一次机会。a/an+序数词，意为“又一，再一”。第二空特指“这次面试”，所以用定冠词the。故选A。
2. — How often do you visit your grandparents in the countryside?
— ________, just because of the lockdown and stay-in studies at home.
A. Occasionally B. Bitterly C. Incredibly D. Illegally
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你多久去乡下看望你的祖父母一次?——偶尔，只是因为封锁和在家学习。A. Occasionally偶尔地；B. Bitterly残酷地；C. Incredibly难以置信地；D. Illegally非法地。根据“just because of the lockdown and stay-in studies at home.”可知，因为封锁和在家学习，所以偶尔去乡下看望祖父母一次。故选A。
3. As far as I’m concerned, planning everything so far ahead________ no sense — so many things may have changed by next year.
A. makes B. made C. is making D. has made
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致。句意：就我而言，把所有事情都计划得这么早毫无意义——到明年很多事情可能已经改变了。根据所给句子分析可知，本句主语“planning everything so far ahead（把所有事情都计划得这么早）”，为非谓语动名词作主语，表示单数概念，因此谓语要与主语保持主谓一致使用单数。根据句意分析可知，此处表达一般事实，需使用一般现在时。故填makes。
4. ________ the Internet is of great help both to our studies and life, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it every day.
A. When B. While C. Since D. Once
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然互联网有很大帮助，但是我不认为每天花太多时间在上面是一个好主意。A. When当……时；B. While然而；C. Since自从；D. Once一旦。根据句意可知，前后句意存在让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句。故选B。
5. You’d better take down the phone number of the company for future________.
A. preference B. reference C. memory D. progress
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好把公司的电话号码记下来，以便将来查询。根据空前take down the phone number of the company及常识可知，记下电话号码是为了方便将来查询。A. preference偏爱；B. reference查询；C. memory回忆；D. progress进步。故选B。
6. —What do you think of the book you borrowed from the library yesterday?
— It’s________ a book. It serves as a really good guide to job hunters.
A. less than B. more than C. rather than D. other than
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：——你觉得你昨天从图书馆借的那本书怎么样?——这不仅仅是一本书。对于求职者来说，这是一个很好的指南。A. less than少于；B. more than不仅仅；C. rather than而不是；D. other than除了。根据“It serves as a really good guide to job hunters.”可知，这不仅仅是一本书，更是一本求职指南。故选B。
7. Nowadays more and more people abroad find________ almost impossible for them to avoid buying products made in China.
A. that B. themselves C. its D. it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：现在越来越多的外国人发现他们几乎不可能不买中国制造的产品。动词find后用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to avoid buying products made in China。故选D。
8. I’ll never forget those years________ I lived in the small county with the workers, ________ has a great effect on my life today.
A. that; which B. when; who C. that; that D. when; which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我在小县城和工人们一起生活的那些年，这对我今天的生活有很大的影响。第一空是限定性定语从句，先行词为those years，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导；第二空为非限制性定语从句，关系词指前面的事，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。
9. We are told that________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. whatever B. what C. who D. whoever
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意： 我们被告知，无论谁犯错误了都必须改正错误。主语从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁”，连接词为whoever。故填whoever。
10. Over the last three months, my roommate Lin Tao________ in the library every night.
A. worked B. had been working
C. has been working D. is working
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，我的室友林涛每晚都在图书馆工作。根据时间状语Over the last three months,可知，此处使用现在完成时；句子描述的Lin Tao每晚在图书馆工作这个动作从过去的三个月就开始一直持续到现在，还有可能会持续下去，因此用现在完成进行时。故选C项。
11. It is the ability to do the job________ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. which B. what C. that D. it
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：重要的是做这项工作的能力，而不是你来自哪里，是干什么的。分析句子结构可知这是一个强调句结构，由that 或who 引导从句，故选C项。
12. The school library is still________. You can borrow the book you’re in need of.
A. acceptable B. avoidable C. available D. affordable
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校图书馆仍然开放。你可以借你需要的那本书。A. acceptable可接受的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. available有空的；可利用的；D. affordable支付得起的。根据“You can borrow the book you’re in need of.”可知，学校图书馆仍然开放（可利用的）。故选C。
13. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.
A make out B. leave out C. stand out D. bring out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：老师一再强调学生在复述故事时不要忽略掉任何重要的细节。A. make out理解；辨认出；B. leave out漏掉；忽略；C. stand out突出；D. bring out使显示；出版；生产；说出。根据“any important details”可知，复述故事时不要忽略掉任何重要的细节。故选B。
14. All the students ________ something busily in the classroom when their headteacher Miss Brown came in to fetch a book she________ there.
A. had written, were leaving B. were writing, had left
C. are writing, has left D. have written, has left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：所有的学生都在教室里忙着写东西的时候，突然他们的班主任布朗小姐进来取她之前落在那里的一本书。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空所在的这句话All the students ________ something busily in the classroom对应的有when引导的时间状语从句，它描述的是过去正在发生着的动作，所以谓语用过去进行时，主语是All the students，be动词用were；第二个空是定语从句 she________ there的谓语动词，修饰先行词book，描述的是过去的过去发生过的动作，用过去完成时。故选B。
15. — Would you mind if I asked you a question?
—________, as long as it won’t take long.
A. Of course B. Never mind C. Go ahead D. Don’t worry
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你介意我问你一个问题吗？——问吧，只要不需要很长时间。A. Of course当然；B. Never mind(用于安慰)没关系，不用担心；C. Go ahead表示同意或允许，表示同意对方的请求，根据情况可译为：说吧，做吧，开始吧，进行吧；D. Don’t worry用来安慰对方不要担心。根据空后可知，后者同意了前者的问问题的请求。故选C。
16. ________ to my Chinese teacher’s handwriting, mine is just so so.
A. Addicted B. Exposed C. Devoted D. Compared
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和我语文老师的书法相比，我的书法一般般。A. Addicted沉溺；使……上瘾；B. Exposed暴露；C. Devoted致力于；D. Compared比较。根据“mine is just so so.”可知，将我的书法与语文老师的书法相比较。故选D。
17. We have lost touch with the travelers; they________ lost in the deep forest.
A. should have got B. can’t have got C. will have got D. must have got
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done表示推测。句意：我们和游客失去了联系；他们肯定在森林深处迷路了。因为此处包含了词组get lost表示“迷路”，故各选项补充完成的形式如下：A. should have got lost本应该迷路；B. can’t have got lost本不可能迷了路；C. will have got lost将会迷路；D. must have got lost一定迷路了。因为前文指出“失去联系”，故可推测一定已经迷了路。故选D项。
18. It’s reported that________ of the road________ collapsed. It needs________.
A. three-fourths; was; repaired B. three quarters; has; to repair
C. three quarters; has; repairing D. three-fourth; was; to be repaired
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查分数、主谓一致和固定搭配。句意：据报道这条路的四分之三已经坍塌。它需要修理。第一空：根据分数表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过一时，分母加s，“四分之三”是three quarters/three-fourths/three fourths；第二空：“路”和“坍塌”之间是主动关系，不用被动语态，主语是一条路，所以谓语动词用单数has+过去分词；第三空：“某事需要做”用something needs doing/to be done。综上，故选C。
19. — OK, I’m at the crossroads that you told me about. ________?
— Well, walk one more block east and you will see the bank on your left.
A. Now what B. So what C. What for D. Guess what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——好吧，我正处在你告诉我的十字路口。现在怎么办呢?——嗯，再往东走一个街区，你就会看到银行在你的左边。A. Now what现在怎么办；B. So what那又怎样；C. What for为什么；D. Guess what你猜怎么着。根据“Well, walk one more block east and you will see the bank on your left.”可知，现在在十字路口，不知道怎么办（走）。故选A。
20. — Are you going to Li Ming’s birthday party tomorrow evening?
—________ I might have to attend a family meeting then.
A. It depends B. Sounds great C. Thank you D. All right
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——明天晚上你去参加李明的生日聚会吗?——视情况而定。那时我可能得参加家庭会议。A. It depends视情况而定；B. Sounds great听起来不错；C. Thank you谢谢；D. All right好，行。根据“I might have to attend a family meeting then.”可知，去不去参加李明的生日聚会会视情况而定。故选A。
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上相应位置涂黑。
A
Time Out — Our Pick of Events Around the World
SAN FRANCISCO BEER WEEK, FEBRUARY 7-16
Breweries and venues exhibit a diverse selection of craft beers during this event, with activities that include food pairings, comedy nights and cycling tours of the neighborhood. Prices vary for each event. sfbeerweek.org
BERLIN INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL, FEBRUARY 20-MARCH 1
The 70th edition of the annual cinematic event takes place across Berlin, with screenings of 400 films including the international premiere of Matteo Garrone’s Pinocchio. New this year is the Encounters competition, promoting daring works from independent filmmakers. Tickets go on sale on February 17, but look out for free events in the Audi Berlinale Lounge. berlinale.de
PICASSO AND PAPER, LONDON, UNTIL APRIL 13
The Royal Academy is holding the largest exhibition devoted to Picasso’s paper art, showcasing more than 300 works which range from collages to sculptures and etchings. Highlights include Femmes à Leur Toilette (1937-38), exhibited in the UK for the first time in more than half a century, and cubist sculpture Violin (1912). Tickets from ￡18. royalacademy.org.uk
EXCLUSIVE COOKING ATRS IN MARCH
On March 31, Business Traveller will host an evening with Theo Randall at the London Park Lane. Join us for a drinks reception at 6.30 pm followed by a cooking demo by Randall and a food tasting. Theo’s passion for Italian fare took him from Chez Panisse in California to head chef at the River Café, before opening his restaurant at the Intercontinental London Park Lane in 2006. The business traveller team looks forward to meeting you. To book tickets, visit businesstravellerevents.com
21. How long does the San Francisco Beer Week last?
A 11 days. B. 15 days. C. 7 days. D. 10 days.
22. Which event will you choose if you are a lover of arts?
A. Francisco Beer Week.
B. Berlin International Film Festival.
C. Picasso and Paper.
D. Exclusive Cooking Arts in March.
23. How is Berlin International Film Festival different from the other events?
A. People can attend the activity free of charge on February 17.
B. The event is held every year.
C. Beverages and foods are not provided by the organizers.
D. Tickets can only be booked online.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了从世界各地挑选的活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据SAN FRANCISCO BEER WEEK, FEBRUARY 7-16中“FEBRUARY 7-16 (2月7 - 16)”可知，旧金山啤酒周持续10天。故选D项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据PICASSO AND PAPER, LONDON, UNTIL APRIL 13部分“The Royal Academy is holding the largest exhibition devoted to Picasso’s paper art, showcasing more than 300 works which range from collages to sculptures and etchings.(英国皇家艺术学院正在举办规模最大的毕加索纸艺展览，展出300多件作品，包括拼贴画、雕塑和蚀刻画)”可推知，艺术爱好者会选择PICASSO AND PAPER艺术展。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据SAN FRANCISCO BEER WEEK, FEBRUARY 7-16部分“Prices vary for each event. sfbeerweek.org (每个活动的价格各不相同)”、BERLIN INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL, FEBRUARY 20-MARCH 1部分“Tickets go on sale on February 17, but look out for free events in the Audi Berlinale Lounge (门票将于2月17日开始销售，但您可以通过奥迪柏林酒廊寻求免费活动)”、PICASSO AND PAPER, LONDON, UNTIL APRIL 13部分“Tickets from ￡18. (票价18英镑起)”和EXCLUSIVE COOKING ATRS IN MARCH部分“To book tickets, visit businesstravellerevents.com (订票请访问businesstravellerevents.com)”可知，只有在柏林国际电影节，人们才能在2月17日可以通过奥迪柏林酒廊免费参与活动。故选A项。
B
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
In the United States alone, there are more than 80 brands of bottled water. That makes the United State one of the top bottled-water-consuming nations. A single-serve water bottle offers great convenience, which isn’t the only reason for bottled water’s rise in popularity. Many people believe that bottled water is cleaner and more healthful than tap water from public water system.
That is a misconception. In the United States, tap water is regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). By federal law, tap water is supposed to be tested every year to make sure it is safe to drink. Tap water also often contains naturally present minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. Those minerals make tap water healthful.
The impact of bottled water on the environment is staggering. Approximately 2.7 million tons of plastic are turned into disposable bottles each year. The manufacturing of all those bottles requires large quantities of crude oil and water. That process produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often shipped long distances to reach consumers, sometimes across vast continents. The transportation of the product uses even more fossil fuels and creates more pollution.
“Back to the tap” movements are cropping up around the world. They encourage people to use tap water and reusable “sports” bottles rather than bottled water. Colleges and universities have begun to ban the use and sale of bottled water on their campuses. San Francisco, Concord (Massachusetts), and other cities across the United States have adopted bans on single-serve water bottles. Cities in Canada (Toronto), Australia (New South Wales), and several states in India have taken similar action. Many bottled water companies are trying to do their part. They have reduced the amount of plastic in their bottles and bottle caps. Bottled water has become an international phenomenon, and it can be an important source of safe drinking water. We should not lose sight of a more environmentally friendly source, however: the water that comes out of our taps.
24. Why do so many people prefer to drink bottled water according to the passage?
________________________________________________
25. Find out all the advantages of tap water mentioned in the passage.
________________________________________________
26. How does bottled water negatively affect the environment?
________________________________________________
27. Design a slogan to appeal to your schoolmates “Back to the tap” .
________________________________________________
【答案】24. Because they believe that bottled water is more convenient, cleaner and more healthful.
25. Tap water is safer and it contains healthy natural minerals and reduces pollution.
26. The entire life cycle of disposable water bottles uses fossil fuels, which contributes to global warming and causes pollution.
27. We only drink the water that comes out of our taps.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍瓶装水受欢迎的原因，但也带来了安全问题、卫生问题、资源浪费等问题，号召人们节约资源，多用自来水。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A single-serve water bottle offers great convenience, which isn’t the only reason for bottled water’s rise in popularity. Many people believe that bottled water is cleaner and more healthful than tap water from public water system.(单次饮用的水瓶提供了极大的方便，这并不是瓶装水越来越受欢迎的唯一原因。许多人认为瓶装水比公共供水系统的自来水更清洁、更健康。)”可知，许多人喜欢喝瓶装水是因为他们认为瓶装水更方便、更清洁、更健康。故答案为Because they believe that bottled water is more convenient, cleaner and more healthful.
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“By federal law, tap water is supposed to be tested every year to make sure it is safe to drink. Tap water also often contains naturally present minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. Those minerals make tap water healthful. (根据联邦法律，自来水应该每年进行检测，以确保饮用安全。自来水通常也含有天然矿物质，如钙和镁。这些矿物质使自来水健康。)”和第三段的“The impact of bottled water on the environment is staggering.(瓶装水对环境的影响令人震惊)”可知，自来水更安全、含有让人健康的天然矿物质且能够减少污染。故答案为Tap water is safer and it contains healthy natural minerals and reduces pollution.
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The manufacturing of all those bottles requires large quantities of crude oil and water. That process produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often shipped long distances to reach consumers, sometimes across vast continents. The transportation of the product uses even more fossil fuels and creates more pollution. (生产所有这些瓶子需要大量的原油和水。这一过程会产生温室气体。瓶装水通常要经过长途运输才能到达消费者手中，有时甚至跨越广阔的大陆。产品的运输使用了更多的化石燃料，造成了更多的污染。)”可知，一次性水瓶的整个生命周期都使用化石燃料，这导致了全球变暖，并造成污染。故答案为The entire life cycle of disposable water bottles uses fossil fuels, which contributes to global warming and causes pollution.
【27题详解】
开放题。要求考生设计一个口号来吸引你的同学“回到水龙头”，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为We only drink the water that comes out of our taps.
C
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
How do you feel about bees? Do you get annoyed when they buzz around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting you? Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.
Bees deserve some respect — they give us honey, and they play their part either pollinating the many vegetables and fruits we eat directly or pollinating the food for the animals that we then consume. In fact, they are the world’s most important pollinators. That’s not all — a study by the University of Reading in the UK, found bees and other pollinating insects have a global economic value of around £120bn ($150bn) and contribute around £690m ($850m) to the UK economy every year.
So, bees are worth protecting, and although a small number of bee species are vital for crops such as oilseed rape, apples and strawberries, experts say we should be taking care of all our bees. Researchers say conservation efforts should be aimed at a wide number of species — even those that currently contribute little to crop pollination —– in order to maintain biodiversity and ensure future food security.
Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss. It’s something we should be worried about because, as Gill Perkins, chief executive of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, told BBC Future website: “They provide a whole ecosystem service.” The recent lockdowns caused by the coronavirus pandemic seem to have given bee populations a little boost because they faced less human disturbance, traffic and polluting fumes.
Conservationists hope, going forward, people will appreciate bees more and encourage them to thrive as they reconnect with nature. Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees, which are so iconic and beautiful and buzzy.” So, it really seems time to give bees a second chance.
28. Please state the function of paragraph 1.
________________________________________________
29. What reasons have contributed to the decrease in bee populations?
________________________________________________
30. Is the following statement true or false? Please provide evidence from the passage.
Gill Perkins says reconnecting with nature helps improve the mental health of bumblebees.
________________________________________________
31. What is the main idea of this passage?
________________________________________________
【答案】28. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
29. In recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss.
30. False. Because she said that people were beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing was supported by nature.
31. The importance of bees.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜蜂的重要性。
【28题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段“How do you feel about bees? Do you get annoyed when they buzz around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting you? Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.(你对蜜蜂有什么看法？当它们在你周围嗡嗡作响时，你会感到恼火吗？你会担心它们的任务只是叮你吗？不管你爱它们还是讨厌它们，这些小昆虫都是极其重要的生物，没有它们，我们可能会饿死)”及下文可推断，本段是为了引出整篇文章的主题。故答案为To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
【29题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss. (不幸的是，近年来，由于农药、寄生虫、疾病和栖息地的丧失，蜜蜂的数量一直在下降)”可知，近年来，蜜蜂数量的减少是因为农药、寄生虫、疾病和栖息地的丧失。故答案为In recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss.
【30题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees, which are so iconic and beautiful and buzzy.”(吉尔·帕金斯说：“他们开始意识到他们的心理健康和幸福是如何得到大自然的支持的——尤其是大黄蜂，它们是如此的标志性、美丽和嗡嗡声。”)”可知，吉尔·帕金斯认为人们开始意识到他们的心理健康和幸福是由大自然支持的，大黄蜂是大自然不可缺少的一部分。故答案为False. Because she said that people were beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing was supported by nature.
【31题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.(不管你爱它们还是讨厌它们，这些小昆虫都是极其重要的生物，没有它们，我们可能会饿死)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了蜜蜂的重要性。故答案为The importance of bees.
D
In Sweden, scientists are looking to a farm animal to help them find a treatment or vaccine against the new coronavirus(新冠病毒). Researchers from the Karolinska Institute, a medical university near Stockholm, are putting their hope in a 12-year-old alpaca(羊驼) from Germany. Alpacas belong to the camel family.
The scientists started by recreating the so-called “spike” protein that permits the coronavirus to infect human cells. They then injected the spike protein into the alpaca, whose name is Tyson. The team is collecting blood samples to see whether the alpaca can develop antibodies against the spike protein.
In a statement to the press, the researchers called them “neutralizing antibodies.” If you neutralize something harmful, you take away its ability to cause harm. The head of the research team in Sweden is Gerald McInerney. He said the hope is that the neutralizing antibodies will be able to effectively block the virus protein - and thereby the coronavirus - from entering cells and spreading. The results could be used to develop drug treatments or possibly a vaccine for COVID-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus. While the scientific work is still at an early stage, McInerney said his team has seen evidence it could work in people.
In a Reuters interview McInerney said, “In principle, all the evidence would suggest it will work very well in humans.” He added however, that “it is a very complex system.” McInerney noted that the coronavirus mutates(变异) “quite easily.” So, researchers need to be prepared to develop several different kinds of antibodies.
McInerney explained that his team began its research back in January. At that time, they say they believed the coronavirus could become a serious pandemic. The researchers also knew it would take a long time to develop a vaccine, as well as drugs to slow the progression of the disease and save lives, he added.
But why use an alpaca? Studies have shown that alpacas and other members of the camel family are known to produce nanobodies. Nanobodies are easier for scientists to work with. Sharks have also been found to produce nanobodies. But sharks are not as easy to work with as alpacas.
32. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Alpaca Helps to Make COVID-19 Vaccine
B. How Do Scientists Find Vaccine for COVID-19?
C. Gerald McInerney and His Research Team
D. Alpacas--An kind of Animal Belonging to Camel Family
33. What do we know about alpacas?
A. They can always develop antibodies against the spike protein.
B. They have been used to help treat COVID-19 so far.
C. They are the only existing animals which can produce nanobodies.
D. The nanobodies produced by them may have a positive effect on the treatment of COVID-19.
34. What is Gerald McInerney’s attitude towards the research of his team?
A. Vague B. Doubtful
C. Expectant D. Casual
35. It can be concluded from the passage that ________ .
A It is much easier to obtain nanobodies from sharks than from alpacas.
B. It remains to be seen whether the coronavirus can mutates or not.
C. The virus protein plays a key role in the infection of COVID-19.
D. It has turned out that neutralizing antibodies will work very well in humans.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍羊驼帮助科学家开发新冠肺炎疫苗。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In Sweden, scientists are looking to a farm animal to help them find a treatment or vaccine against the new coronavirus(新冠病毒). Researchers from the Karolinska Institute, a medical university near Stockholm, are putting their hope in a 12-year-old alpaca(羊驼) from Germany. (在瑞典，科学家们正在寻找一种农场动物来帮助他们找到对抗新型冠状病毒的治疗方法或疫苗。斯德哥尔摩附近的卡罗林斯卡医学院的研究人员把希望寄托在一只12岁的德国羊驼身上。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍科学家利用羊驼开发新冠肺炎疫苗。所以“Alpaca Helps to Make COVID-19 Vaccine(羊驼有助于制造COVID-19疫苗)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But why use an alpaca? Studies have shown that alpacas and other members of the camel family are known to produce nanobodies. Nanobodies are easier for scientists to work with. (但为什么要用羊驼呢?研究表明，羊驼和其他骆驼家族成员已知能产生纳米体。纳米体对科学家来说更容易研究。)”可知，羊驼产生的纳米体可能对新冠肺炎的治疗有积极影响。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While the scientific work is still at an early stage, McInerney said his team has seen evidence it could work in people. (虽然这项科学工作仍处于早期阶段，但麦金纳尼说，他的团队已经看到了它对人类有效的证据。)”可推断，杰拉德·麦金纳尼对他的团队的研究持期待的态度。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“In a Reuters interview McInerney said, “In principle, all the evidence would suggest it will work very well in humans.”(麦金纳尼在接受路透社采访中表示：“原则上，所有证据都表明它（指代第三段提到的中和抗体）将在人体内很好地起到作用。”)”可知，事实证明，中和抗体在人体中非常有效。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，根据上下文，给每个空白处写一句话，使得文章通顺、有逻辑。
You might remember daydreaming during class when you were growing up. Maybe you looked out the window and dreamed, but your teachers discouraged it. As a matter of fact, ____36____ Scientists agree that we spend an astonishing 30% - 50% of our time in daydreams.
____37____ Daydreaming can be defined as the reverie you experience while you’re awake.
Contrary to what you may have been taught, ____38____
Daydreaming Lessens Stress and Anxiety
By tuning out the noisy “outside” world, you allow your thoughts to flow freely. This fosters mental relaxation and exploration.When our thoughts flow like this, we are in what is called the alpha wave state.When we are in the alpha zone, we are calm and not thinking of anything with forced vigor.
____39____
Research has established that daydreaming is correlated with higher levels of creativity. Take a break. The mind will still incubate on the problem.
Bianca L. Rodriguez says, “That’s why most of us have aha moments while doing mundane things like washing the dishes where we don’t have to focus too hard on the task at hand which allows space in our psyche to receive and reveal new information.”
Daydreaming Uses Diverse Parts of Your Brain
If you’ve ever noticed, children’s minds wander about constantly. It’s no secret that the young are daydreaming a lot. Yet, having your “head in the clouds,” as some people describe daydreaming, turns out to be more than a simple or diversionary pastime. As your mind wanders, you are using diverse aspects of your brain. Both the executive problem-solving network as well as the creativity network in your brain are working simultaneously.
So ____40____
【答案】36. You weren’t being disobedient when your thoughts escaped elsewhere.
37. So, what is daydreaming?
38. daydreaming about pleasant things is far from useless.
39. Daydreaming Expands Your Creativity
40. daydreaming affords us humans many benefits.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了白日梦的积极影响。
【36题详解】
根据前句“Maybe you looked out the window and dreamed, but your teachers discouraged it.(也许你望着窗外，梦想着，但你的老师劝阻你去做。)”和后句“Scientists agree that we spend an astonishing 30% - 50% of our time in daydreams.(科学家们一致认为，我们花在白日梦上的时间高达惊人的30% - 50%。)”可知，这里为承上启下句。白日梦有时是不受控制的。事实上，当你的思想跑到别处时，你并不是不听话。故答案为You weren’t being disobedient when your thoughts escaped elsewhere.
【37题详解】
根据后句“Daydreaming can be defined as the reverie you experience while you’re awake. (白日梦可以被定义为你清醒时所经历的遐想。)”可知，这里为白日梦下定义，所以前句应为问句：什么是白日梦？故答案为So, what is daydreaming?
【38题详解】
根据前半句“Contrary to what you may have been taught, (与你可能被教导的相反，)”和常识可知，一般都认为做白日梦是无用的。故答案为daydreaming about pleasant things is far from useless.
【39题详解】
这里为本段小标题。根据下文“Research has established that daydreaming is correlated with higher levels of creativity. (研究已经证实，白日做梦与更高水平的创造力有关。)”可知，本段主要介绍白日梦能拓展你的创造力。故答案为Daydreaming Expands Your Creativity.
【40题详解】
这里为文章总结句。根据上文小标题“Daydreaming Lessens Stress and Anxiety (白日做梦可以减轻压力和焦虑)”、“Daydreaming Expands Your Creativity (白日梦能拓展你的创造力)”、和“Daydreaming Uses Diverse Parts of Your Brain (做白日梦会用到大脑的不同部分)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了做白日梦给我们人类带来很多好处。故答案为daydreaming affords us humans many benefits.
第四部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡指定位置涂黑。
“Never settle down!” It’s a slogan used by the Houston Astros baseball team. When they won the world championship in 2017, I really admired their ____41____ and mighty team spirit.
On Nov 7, 21 athletes from my____42____ participated in an autumn sports meeting. On the playground, the track(赛道) was newly____43____ with white paint. Students wore their class uniforms. Sweat shone on the athletes’ faces in the autumn sunlight. They spared____44____ to fight for victory and their determination deeply moved us.
What impressed me most was our team spirit. In the 3,000-meter race, one student suddenly fell and seemed to give up. ____45____, two other students____46____ help him up. Then they ran ____47____ him to the finish line. In my eyes, it was the courage of our classmates that helped the boy____48____ the end.
That might be what the director anticipated(期望). The____49____ of this event stated, “the intention for us to host this event is to_____50_____ students’ potential to obtain their goals. It’s a powerful approach to let them understand the importance of devotion and feeling a sense of accomplishment(成就). We believe it can greatly help them _____51_____ and mentally.”
Back to September, as soon as we stepped into the third year of our senior high journey, we_____52_____ our minds to let our college dreams come true. After four months of effort, we have_____53_____ a stage_____54_____ there will be more challenges in the way. We will be_____55_____ in our process to succeed.
41. A. hope B. adventure C. practice D. confidence
42. A. country B. class C. city D. dormitory
43. A. filled B. decorated C. marked D. covered
44. A. no effort B. no expense C. no time D. money
45. A. As B. However C. Soon D. But
46. A. hurried to B. happened to C. failed to D. pointed to
47. A. beyond B. under C. among D. alongside
48. A. head to B. stick to C. adapt to D. turn to
49. A. athlete B. organizer C. teacher D. enthusiast
50. A. stimulate B. improve C. contribute D. find
51. A. physically B. psychologically C. normally D. occasionally
52. A. cared about B. thought of C. made up D. worried about
53. A. kept B. made C. left D. reached
54. A. where B. that C. when D. what
55. A. passionate B. persistent C. excited D. brave
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者班上的学生参加运动会过程中以及高三备考过程中表现出来的团结协助、坚持不懈的精神。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 当他们在2017年赢得世界冠军时，我真的很钦佩他们的自信和强大的团队精神。A. hope希望；B. adventure冒险、冒险精神；C. practice练习；D. confidence自信。 根据前面的“Never settle down”可知，永远不要安定下来，说明要永远保持冒险精神，adventure符合语境。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月7日，我们班21名运动员参加了秋季运动会。A. country国家；B. class班级；C. city城市；D. dormitory集体宿舍。根据下文“Students wore their class uniforms.”可知，学生穿班服，说明是我们班上的学生。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在操场上，跑道刚刚刷上了白漆。A. filled使充满；B. decorated装饰；C. marked做标记；D. covered覆盖。根据后面的“with white paint”可知，此处指跑道上刷上了白漆，covered符合语境。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他们不遗余力地争取胜利，他们的决心深深打动了我们。A. no effort不遗余力；B. no expense不花费；C. no time没有时间；D. money钱。spare no effort为固定短语，表示“不遗余力地”，此处符合语境。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在3000米赛跑中，一个学生突然摔倒，似乎要放弃了。然而，另外两个学生赶紧把他扶起来。A. As当……时；B. However然而；C. Soon很快；D. But但是。根据前面的“one student suddenly fell and seemed to give up”和后面的“help him up”可知，本来这个学生都要放弃了，然而另外两个学生将他扶起来，并陪着他跑到了终点，前后之间存在明显的转折关系，however符合语境。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在3000米赛跑中，一个学生突然摔倒，似乎要放弃了。然而，另外两个学生赶紧把他扶起来。A. hurried to赶往；B. happened to碰巧；C. failed to未能；D. pointed to指向、表明。根据前面的“one student suddenly fell and seemed to give up”可知，一个学生突然摔倒了，属于比较紧急的情况，另外两个学生也应该是快速地冲过来扶起，hurried to符合语境。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：然后他们和他一起跑到终点线。A. beyond超过；B. under在……下方；C. among在……之间；D. alongside在……旁边。根据“they ran ____7____ him to the finish line.”可知，此处指在边上陪着他跑完终点，alongside符合语境。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：在我看来，这是我们同学的勇气，帮助男孩坚持到底。A. head to朝某地走去；B. stick to坚持；C. adapt to使适应；D. turn to转向、求助于。根据前面的“Then they ran ____7____ him to the finish line.”可知，这两个学生陪着他跑完了全程，由此可知，此处指帮他“坚持到底”，stick to符合语境。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：本次活动的组织者表示:“我们举办这次活动的目的是激发学生实现目标的潜能。”A. athlete运动员；B. organizer组织者；C. teacher老师；D. enthusiast热烈支持者。根据后面的“the intention for us to host this event”可知，说话人提到了举办本次运动会的意图，由此可知，他是比赛的组织者。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：本次活动的组织者表示:“我们举办这次活动的目的是激发学生实现目标的潜能。”A. stimulate刺激；B. improve提高；C. contribute贡献；D. find发现。根据后面的“students’ potential”可知，潜能应是“激发的”，stimulate符合语境。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们相信这对他们的身心都有很大帮助。A. physically身体上；B. psychologically心理上；C. normally通常、平常；D. occasionally偶尔、偶然。根据后面的“and mentally”可知，此处指身心上 的帮助，physically和mentally为习惯搭配。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：一迈入高三，我们就下定决心要让大学梦成真。A. cared about担心、关心；B. thought of想出；C. made up编造、下决心；D. worried about担忧。根据“as soon as we stepped into the third year of our senior high journey, we ____12____ our minds to let our college dreams come true.”可知，此处指“下定决心让大学梦成真”，make up one’s mind为固定搭配，表示“下定决心做某事”。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过四个月的努力，我们已经到了一个会有更多挑战的阶段。 A. kept保持；B. made制作；C. left留下、离开；D. reached抵达。根据“After four months of effort, we have ____13____ a stage ____14____ there will be more challenges in the way.”可知，此处指到达了一个有更多挑战的阶段，reached符合语境。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：经过四个月的努力，我们已经到了一个会有更多挑战的阶段。A. where在……地方；B. that引导从句时，无意义。 C. when在……时候；D. what什么、所……的东西。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的stage，此处表示“阶段”，这是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们将在成功的过程中坚持不懈。A. passionate狂热的；B. persistent坚持不懈的；C. excited激动的、兴奋的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前后逻辑可知，前面说困难重重，后面又说成功，此处应指“坚持到成功”，persistent符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并写在答题卡指定位置。
More than a fifth of all reptile species (爬行动物) are threatened with extinction, which could have____56____ destructive impact on the planet, a new study warns. Fifty-two experts analysed data from the Global Reptile Assessment, which, in the past 17 years, ____57____ (receive) contributions from more than 900 scientists across six continents.
Although many reptiles live in dry____58____ (environment) such as deserts and scrubland, most species occur in forests, ____59____ they suffer from threats such as logging and conversion of land for agriculture. Hunting is also a major threat to reptiles, especially turtles and crocodiles (鳄鱼), many of which are____60____ risk of extinction. Another major factor that ____61____ (contribute) to forming the threat is the introduction of invasive (入侵的) species.
The study is not all depressing. Scientists noted that conservation efforts to help other animals are likely to be protecting reptile species as collateral (抵押品). “We found, surprisingly, that if you set out____62____ (protect) places where birds, mammals (哺乳动物) and amphibians (两栖动物) under threat live together, you’ll protect many more____63____ (threaten) reptiles at the same time, ” said Bruce Young, co-leader of the study.
Yet reptiles also require direct, ____64____ (globe) efforts to protect them, said Cox. Governments will negotiate (议定) new targets to protect biodiversity, ____65____ (include) reptiles, in Kunming, China, later this year.
【答案】56. a 57. has received
58. environments
59. where 60. at
61. contributes
62. to protect
63. threatened
64. global 65. including
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项的新的研究，研究发现超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能会对地球造成毁灭性的影响。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一项新的研究警告说，超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能会对地球造成毁灭性的影响。have an impact on意为“对……有影响”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用不定冠词。空格后destructive的开头发音为辅音音素，不定冠词应用a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：52名专家分析了《全球爬行动物评估》的数据，在过去的17年里，《全球爬行动物评估》接受了来自六大洲的900多名科学家的投稿。根据“in the past 17 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。在定语从句中，关系代词which代指先行词the Global Reptile Assessment，所以从句中的主语为第三人称单数。故填has received。
【58题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：尽管许多爬行动物生活在干燥的环境中，如沙漠和灌木丛，但大多数物种生活在森林中，在那里它们遭受着伐木和耕地转换等威胁。environment意为“环境”，此处为可数名词，根据空后“such as deserts and scrubland”可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填environments。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽管许多爬行动物生活在干燥的环境中，如沙漠和灌木丛，但大多数物种生活在森林中，在那里它们遭受着伐木和耕地转换等威胁。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为forests，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：狩猎也是爬行动物的主要威胁，尤其是海龟和鳄鱼，其中许多濒临灭绝。at risk of意为“处于……的风险”，为固定搭配。故填at。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：造成威胁的另一个主要因素是入侵物种的引入。根据“is the introduction”可知，此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。在定语从句中，关系代词that代指先行词factor，所以定语从句中的主语为第三人称单数。故填contributes。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们惊奇地发现，如果你着手保护受到威胁的鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物共同生活的地方，你将同时保护更多受到威胁的爬行动物，”该研究的联合负责人布鲁斯·杨说。set out to do意为“着手做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to protect。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们惊奇地发现，如果你着手保护受到威胁的鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物共同生活的地方，你将同时保护更多受到威胁的爬行动物，”该研究的联合负责人布鲁斯·杨说。动词threaten意为“威胁”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语reptiles构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词，作定语。故填threatened。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：考克斯说，爬行动物也需要全球的直接努力来保护它们。修饰名词efforts，应用形容词global表示“全球的”，作定语。故填global。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今年晚些时候，各国政府将在中国昆明协商保护生物多样性（包括爬行动物）的新目标。动词include意为“包含”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语biodiversity之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填including。
第五部分 写作(20 分)
66. 完成一篇个人网络博客文章，谈谈你对近期居家网课学习与生活的体悟、收获与思考。 要求：
1. 150词-180词；
2. 结合自身感受，表达真情实感，不抄袭，不套作；
3. 题目自拟。
提 示 ： Blog, a new text type in the digital age, is characteristic of a first person perspective, deep thinking, informal language, or even a mixture of styles.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Because of the epidemic, we have to take online classes at home. My day begins from 8 am. I have online lessons everyday following the school schedule. Can you believe we even have indoor P.E. classes to keep fit?
Online learning has been more popular. I think online learning is a very good way to study. It has many advantages.
First, we don’t have to go to school, for we can take lessons at home on computers or mobile phones. Secondly, we can repeat what we don’t understand. In addition, online learning costs less because both teachers and students can share resources. There are also problems with online learning. Some students play games on the Internet instead of studying. Besides, online learning can’t communicate face to face. I hope parents pay more attention to their children to prevent them from spending time playing computer games. I also hope to improve online learning so that teachers and students can communicate better.
Compared with classroom learning, e-learning requires self-discipline. Encouraged by my teachers and parents, I’ve become more disciplined and learned to manage time more effectively.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生完成一篇个人网络博客文章，谈谈你对近期居家网课学习与生活的体悟、收获与思考。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因为：because of →due to
许多：many → a lot of
此外：besides → what’s more
阻止：prevent →stop
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Because of the epidemic, we have to take online classes at home.
拓展句：Because the epidemic has broken out, we have to take online classes at home.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition, online learning costs less because both teachers and students can share resources.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I hope parents pay more attention to their children to prevent them from spending time playing computer games.（运用了宾语从句）
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