2023 英语新中考二轮复习热点透析 核心考点19 任务型阅读之回答问题

核心考点19 任务型阅读之回答问题

一、考向分析

为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。这类试题的难度最大，考生如果不能真正读懂并理解文章，就无法下笔。 值得一提的是,近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇,既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。

二、考点详解

1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。

首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。

2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。

回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。

3. 答题形式符合提问形式。

不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。

4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。

完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。

解题技巧：

1.读懂问题--通读全文--信息定位--准确表达--避免答非所问；

2. 注意以材料为本。无论是单词、词组、句子，还是人、物、时间、地点、原因等，都要根据文章类型准确填写；

3. 注意文章中的人称和时态，做到问答一致。考试时最常见的错误就是时态语态用错；

4. 灵活运用同义词语的替换和各种句型的不同表达；

5. 对于开放性问题的回答，应根据文章提供的素材，根据全文大意、中心思想和作者的情感、立场展开合理的想象；

6. 在对待生词的处理上，要一分为二地看待。有些不影响理解的生词（如地名，人名）可直接忽视掉。有些生词前后会出现破折号、冒号或者出现that is to say 或者that means等词时，其实就是解释说明的作用。可以注意推测出词意；

7. 态度要端正，目前每年的篇幅都是呈上升的趋势，所以学生要有心理准备，务必要把握好做阅读题的节奏。针对不同的提问形式，需要注意下列问题：

三、真题再现

（2021·山东淄博·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

I traveled to Blefuscu, where the Emperor was very kind to me.

One day I went for a walk on the beach. I was feeling sad and unhappy, and I was thinking about England. Suddenly I saw a boat in the water. It was a real ship’s boat, not one of the little boats of the Blefuscu people. This was a real boat, big enough for someone of my size! l was very excited, and l ran into the sea. I swam out to the boat, and climbed onto it. Then I took the boat back to the shore, and tied it up carefully.

I told the Emperor of Blefuscu about the boat.

“I’m lonely here,” I told him. “I want to go back to England. Maybe I can use that boat to go home, if you will help me. It’ll be a long journey, but I’m sure I can do it.”

“Very well,” he said, “I’ll help you, Gulliver. I’ll give you food and drink to put in the boat.”

The Emperor ordered his men to prepare my boat. They gave me a lot of meat and wine. They also put some animals into the boat—six cows, two bulls and eight sheep. After a few days everything was ready.

l sailed away from Blefuscu. The sea was very big and lonely. After some days, I saw a large ship, and I followed it. I was an English ship, and one of the sailors saw me. They stopped, and took me on board. They were going to England, and they took me with them.

The captain was a friendly man. I told him about my adventures(冒险) in Lilliput and Blefuscu. He did not believe me.

“Little men!” he laughed. “You tell a good story, sir,” he said, “but it’s an impossible story, all the same.” And he laughed again.

“Then where do you think this came from?” I asked him. I put my hand in my pocket, and took out one of the tiny sheep from Blefuscu. I showed it to the captain. Now he believed my story!

1．Why did Gulliver want to go back to England?

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2．How did Gulliver leave Blefuscu?

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3．How did the Emperor of Blefuscu help Gulliver?

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4．How did Gulliver make the captain believe him?

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5．What made Gulliver think the captain was friendly?

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（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）阅读下面短文并回答问题，请注意词数要求。

Chess is called the game of kings. It has been around for a long time. People have been playing it for over 500 years. The chess we play today is from Europe.

Chess is a two-player game. One player uses the white pieces. The other uses the black pieces. Each piece moves in a special way. One piece is called the king. Each player has one. The players take turns moving their pieces. If a player lands on a piece, he or she takes it. The game ends when a player loses his or her king. There are a few more rules, but those are the basics.

Some people think that chess is more than a game, because it can make the mind stronger. Good chess players use their brains. They take their time and think about what will happen next. These skills are useful in life and in chess.

Chess is not just for people. Computers have been playing chess since the 1970s. At first they did not play well. They made mistakes and learned from them. In 1997, a computer beat the best player in the world for the first time. It was a computer called Deep Blue.

6．Where is the chess we play today from?（No more than 1 word）

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7．How many players are there in a chess game?（No more than 1 word）

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8．When will the game end?（No more than 8 words）

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9．Why do some people think chess is more than a game?（No more than 7 words）

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10．What did Deep Blue do in 1997?（No more than 9 words）

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（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）阅读图文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。

We often write short messages to family members, friends or classmates to remind them about something. Short messages are often written clearly in a few words. Here is an example.

11．Why do we often write short messages to people?

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12．What is a short message usually like?

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13．Who does Simon write the short message to?

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14．Where will   they meet at 8 p. m.?

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15．Will they have their basketball game on 18 September?

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（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）Do you put up your hand when you want to speak in class? If so, you have followed a rule. Rules can be as simple as putting up your hand. They can also be as complicated(复杂的) as knowing when you are”out”in a game.

Rules can be made by anyone. Parents make rules to help children grow up healthily. Rules at home might include washing dishes or cleaning rooms.

Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe. Putting up your hand before asking a question helps the class pay attention to the lesson. Students make rules in games to make sure that they can play without fighting. Rules can be changed often. If you change your minds, you can change the rules.

Laws are rules too, but they are made differently. Laws are made by elected representatives(被选出的代表). Voters(选民) allow their representatives to make laws that can protect people’s rights, safety and make sure everyone can be treated fairly. Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones.

The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment(处罚) for breaking them. If you break a rule, your punishment might be small, like losing a turn in a game. However, if a person breaks an important law, the punishment might be a fine(罚款) or time in prison.

Rules and laws keep everyone safe. People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws.

根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每个小题答案不超过6个单词）

16．Can anyone make rules?

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17．Who makes rules to help students learn and stay safe?

________________________________________

18．Why do representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones?

________________________________________

19．What’s the biggest difference between rules and laws?

________________________________________

20．How can people live together in peace?

________________________________________

（2021·山东烟台·中考真题）阅读下面短文,完成短文后的问题。

How would you feel if you received a large amount of money all at once?

That’s exactly what happened to Nkosikho Mbele, a worker at a gas station in South Africa. His sudden luck was brought about by an act of kindness he did for a young woman—Monet, a company manager.

One day, Monet stopped at the gas station to refuel（加油）. But when Nkosikho was about to serve her, she realized she didn’t have any money or cards on her. She immediately tried to stop him. Knowing about her trouble, Nkosikho decided to pay her gas bill of about R100 （＄ 7）to make sure that she could travel across the highway with enough gas.

“Madam, I’ll pay for you so that you won’t run out of gas on the road.Whenever you are near here again, you can just give me back the money,” Nkosikho said. As for him, the R100 was almost all he made in a day. He had to support a big family. He needed the money very much. He wasn’t even sure if Monet would come back to return his money, but he still volunteered to help her.

Several days later, Monet came back with his money and a box of chocolate. She was so thankful that she also posted their story on the Internet. Great changes took place. Nkosikho became famous in his town. Many people were moved by his act and offered to raise money for him. Nkosikho received around ＄ 24,000 as much as about his salary（薪水） of eight years.His boss also heard of his kind act and decided to give him a rise in salary.

“I feel like I’m dreaming. My life has been turned—upside down,” Nkosikho said thankfully. As normal people, we can bring a great change to life by doing a small good thing.

21．Why did Monet try to stop Nkosikho refueling?

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22．What was Nkosikho’s life like before he met Monet?

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23．What else did Monet do to show her thanks besides returning the money?

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24．List two changes in Nkosikho’s life after his act of kindness.

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25．What can we learn from the story?

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