2022-2023学年上海师范大学附属中学 高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

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上海师范大学附属中学2022学年
高一第一学期英语期中考试
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a dinner table B. In a hotel.
C. At home. D. At a restaurant.
2. A. He will get the radio repaired. B. He will disturb the woman.
C. He will stop listening to the radio. D. He will turn down the radio.
3. A. At 1466 London Street. B. At 1646 London Street.
C At 1464 London Street. D. At 6046 London Street.
4.A. At 7:05. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:25. D. At 6:50.
5.A. By train. B. By bus. C. By car. D. By bike.
6.A. About 10. B. About 20. C. About 30. D. About 40.
7. A. To see an exhibition. B. To have a meeting.
C. To attend a lecture. D. To protect the environment.
8. A.$300. B.$350. C.$250. D.$150.
9.A. Milk only. B. Milk and toast. C. Milk and eggs. D. Eggs and toast.
10.A. The man should purchase a new violin.。 B. The man should continue his violin class.
C. The man should consult his violin teacher. D. The man should give up playing the violin.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversations and short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversations and the passages. The conversations and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Based on their ability. B. Based on their knowledge.
C. Based on their English level. D. Based on their gaokao scores.
12. A. 20. B.44. C. 74. D. 200.
13. A. The “gaokao” students. B. The American students.
C. The international students. D. The non-gaokao international students.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Never feel fearful. B. Be able to face the fear.
C. Feel impatient with yourself. D. Be eager to achieve the goal.
15. A. Care about your friends’ ability. B. Focus on advancing your own goals.
C. Compare yourself to your best friends. D. Pay attention to your relatives’ progress.
16. A. How to build self-confidence. B. How to be patient with yourself.
C. How to be comfortable with fear. D. How to stop comparing yourself to others.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Marketing. B. Human resources.
C. Insurance. D. E-commerce platform.
18. A. Because he is a responsible candidate. B. Because he will graduate this summer.
C. Because its growth record is satisfactory. D. Because he has a variety of experiences.
19. A. He arranges press conferences. B. He organizes college vocations.
C. He goes through lots of resumes. D. He engages in marketing activities
20. A. Everyone gets unemployment insurance.
B. Employees are unlikely to be trained abroad.
C. Employees are offered one week paid holiday.
D. Only senior employees are offered life insurance.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
(A)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age of 5 with her family. While ___1___ (take) care of her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had an interest in medicine. At 18 she married and started a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a doctor. Her husband supported her decision. Unfortunately, Canadian medical schools did not accept women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States ___2___(study) medicine at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. ___3___ took her five years to earn her medical degree.
Upon graduation, Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic. Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, ___4___ she was once again a busy doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones, ___5___ delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practising without a license. She had applied for a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, ___6___ was refused. The Manitoba College of Medicines, ___7___ all-male organization, wanted her to complete her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to leave her patients to spend time studying ___8___ she already knew. So in 1887, she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to issue a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte continued to practise ___9___ a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her death, a medical license was issued to Charlotte. This decision ____10____(make) by the Manitoba Legislature to honour “this courageous and pioneering woman”.
【答案】1. taking
2. to study
3 It 4. where
5. besides 6. but
7. an 8. what
9. without 10. was made
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Charlotte Whitehead的从医之路。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在多年照顾生病的姐姐期间，夏洛特发现自己对医学很感兴趣。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为Charlotte，与take之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，此处是一个while引导的时间状语从句的省略，完整的句子为While Charlotte was taking care of her ill elder sister throughout the years，当主句和从句主语一致时，可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填taking。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，夏洛特去了美国费城女子医学院学习医学。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，go to someplace to do sth为固定结构，表示“去某地做某事”，此处to do不定式表目的。故填to study。
【3题详解】
考查代词。句意：她花了五年时间才获得医学学位。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用名词或代词，此处是固定句式It takes sb some time to do sth，表示“花费某人……时间做某事”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的to do不定式。故填It。
【4题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：三年后，她搬到了马尼托巴省的温尼伯，在那里她再次成为了一名忙碌的医生。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词Winnipeg，这是一个定语从句，从句中不缺主干成分，先行词表示地点，设空处在从句中充当地点状语，应用where引导，故填where。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意：夏洛特发现自己除了为该地区所有的婴儿接生外，还得为受伤的四肢手术和骨折复位。分析句子可知，设空处后面为动名词短语，故设空处应填介词；结合句意可知，此处表示“除了为该地区所有婴儿接生外，还要手术和骨折复位”，表示“除……以外（还）”，应用介词besides。故填besides。
【6题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：她在蒙特利尔和温尼伯都申请了医生执照，但都被拒绝了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中连接两个句子，结合句意可知，此处表示“在蒙特利尔和温尼伯都申请过医生执照，但都被拒绝了”，前后之间存在转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
【7题详解】
考查冠词。句意：曼尼托巴医学院，一个全是男性的组织，想让她在加拿大医学院完成学业！分析句子可知，设空处及后面整个短语在句中作The Manitoba College of Medicines的同位语，此处表示“一个全是男性的组织”，设空处限定后面的单数名词organization，表泛指，应用不定冠词，此处位于以元音音素发音的all-male前，应用an。故填an。
【8题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：夏洛特拒绝离开她的病人去花时间研究她已经知道的东西。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，位于动词后，这是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示物，应用what引导。故填what。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：直到1912年，夏洛特都没有行医执照。分析句子可知，设空处位于动词后，名词短语前，故需一个介词将两部分连接起来，结合上文的But Charlotte had been practising without a license可知，此处表示没有行医执照，用介词without。故填without。
【10题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：马尼托巴省立法机构做出了这一决定，以纪念“这位勇敢而先锋的女性”。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词，其主语为this decision，与make之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语in 1993可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was made。
(B)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
My Volunteer Experience in Ghana
It is not quite six in the morning. I am half asleep in a van that in the United States would seat maybe six people. Here in Ghana though, its insides have been replaced with wooden benches that can accommodate twelve of us. I use the term “accommodate” loosely; we are squeezed so tight in together ___11___ sometimes my arm goes numb (麻木的).
This goes on for two hours every morning, from Monday to Friday, so that I ___12___ get to the slum town school where I teach.
___13___ (arrive) at the destination always fills me with fear. The school originally functioned as a daycare type service free to the children of single mothers. ___14___ the children got older, the coordinator took it upon herself to set up a space to teach them. Into this tiny space they squeeze anywhere between 80 and 120 children under the age of six. It is literally so full of children that you have to move them out of the way by shoving (推开) them with your feet ___15___ (avoid) stepping on them.
Within days, I have already learned most of their names. There are the troublemakers who spend their time ___16___(hit) one another and causing chaos in hopes that their negative behavior will attract attention to themselves. All of my child psychology classes tell me to ignore the behavior ___17___ responding to it may reinforce the behavior.
Then there are the ones that make your heart bleed. The five-year-old girl who ___18___ (sit) in the front row, is ready to learn whatever knowledge we can throw her way. She learns whatever we teach her, at a pace ___19___ takes my breath away. She far outpaces any Western five-year-old I’ve ever worked with, and she’s learning in English when her family only knows and speaks Twi, a local language.
I look at this decrepit (破旧的) classroom and these children in their ragged clothes, and think of ____20____ different this is from the American classrooms I’ve known.
【答案】11. that
12. can 13. Arriving
14. As 15. to avoid
16. hitting
17. because
18. sits 19. that##which
20. how
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在加纳的贫民窟学校做志愿者教师的经历。
【11题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：我们挤得如此的紧，以至于有时我的手臂会麻木。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查结果状语从句，使用固定句型so…that…，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
【12题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：从星期一到星期五，每天早上都会持续两个小时，这样我才能到达我任教的贫民窟学校。分析句子结构和意思可知，引导的目的状语从句中需要情态动词can，表示“能够”的意思。故填can。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：到达目的地总是让我充满恐惧。分析句子结构和意思可知，句子需要主语，所以用动名词。故填Arriving。
【14题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：随着孩子们渐渐长大，协调员决定自己设立一个空间来教他们。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处引导时间状语，表示“随着”，应用as引导。故填As。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从字面上讲，这里到处都是孩子，你必须用脚推他们，以免踩到他们。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to avoid。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有些麻烦制造者把时间花在互相攻击和制造混乱上，他们希望自己的负面行为能引起人们的注意。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处是固定搭配spend time doing sth.，意为“花时间在做某事上”。故填hitting。
【17题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：我所有的儿童心理学课程都告诉我要忽视这些行为，因为对其做出反应可能会强化这些行为。分析句子结构和意思可知，前有存在因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
【18题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：坐在前排的五岁女孩已经准备好学习我们能给她的任何知识。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处描述的是目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语是who，指代先行词The five-year-old girl，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填sits。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她学会了我们教她的任何东西，她的速度让我震惊。分析句子结构和意思可知，___9___ takes my breath away是限定性定语从句，先行词pace，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
【20题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我看着这个破旧的教室和这些衣衫褴褛的孩子们，我想到这和我所认识的美国教室是多么的不一样。分析句子结构和意思可知，___10___ different this is from the American classrooms I’ve known是介词of的宾语从句，从句表语形容词different被提到了连接词后面，需要用how修饰并引导从句，意为“如何，多么”，相当于感叹句。故填how。

Section B
(A)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. counting B. create C. loss D. Luckily E. offer F. preferred
G. supports H. transfer I. type J. Unfortunately K. video
The digital revolution has had a huge impact on every aspect of our society. For content creators, life looks nothing like it did just a couple of decades ago. Back then, all you had to do is to take the tape off the camera and put it on your ___21___ player. At most, you had to read an article to understand the difference between HS and Betamax. Video was only consumed in two ways: television or cinema. Nowadays, you’ll probably run out of fingers ___22___ how many video formats (格式) there are out there, let alone the number of platforms and devices on which video is played.
Understanding what each video format is and does is no child’s play. In fact, it is a “must” if you want your work to look the best regardless of where and how it is played. If, for example, you want to ___23___ a video website, the type of file you’ll need to use will most likely to be different from the one you’ll have to create for your social media accounts. In order to make this whole process a lot easier, we have put together a list of the most common video formats and which ones you should use for each purpose.
So what’s the best video format?
___24___, there isn’t a cure-all when it comes to video sharing. The good thing is that it’s actually really easy to ___25___ between video formats. If you do so, be sure to always save the original file in order to avoid ___26___ of image quality due to file compression(压缩).
Here are three of the most common video uses and the ___27___ formats for each of them:
lSocial media: MP4 is supported by Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, IGTV, and YouTube. Facebook also___28___ MOV, while YouTube accepts most video formats.
lTV and computers: AVI, MOV, and MKV ___29___ the highest quality image which makes them great options for big screen streaming.
lWebsite: WEBM and HTML5 are the video formats meant for your account. However, using tools such as Wix Video will allow you to work with almost any file ____30____, as well as offer you much more control over your work.
【答案】21 K 22. A
23. B 24. J
25. H 26. C
27. F 28. G
29. E 30. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提到了数字革命带来的影响，并介绍了一些常用的视频格式。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：那时候，你所要做的就是把磁带从相机上取下来，放在你的视频播放器上。分析句子可知，设空处位于形容词性物主代词后，名词前，此处是在作定语修饰后面的名词player，结合下文可知，此处表示“视频播放器”，用video，表示“视频、录像”。故选K项。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，你可能已经数不清有多少种视频格式，更不用说播放视频的平台和设备的数量了。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式作状语，逻辑主语为you，二者之间为主动关系，应用doing形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“数不清”，用counting，表示“计数”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，如果你想创建一个视频网站，你需要使用的文件类型很可能与你为社交媒体账户创建的文件类型不同。分析句子可知，want to do sth固定结构，故设空处需填动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示“想创建一个视频网站”，create表示“创造”，符合语境。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，在视频分享方面并没有万灵药。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示转折，应用unfortunately，表示“不幸的是”。故选J项。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：好的方面是，它实际上很容易在不同的视频格式之间转换。分析句子可知，设空处位于不定式标志词to后，easy to do sth为固定搭配，表示“容易做某事”，不定式作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“很容易在不同的视频格式之间转换”，transfer，表示“转换”，符合语境。故选H项
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果要转换的话，请确保始终保存原始文件，以避免由于文件压缩而导致图像质量损失。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作动词avoid的宾语，应用名词；结合句意可知，此处表示“避免图像质量损失”，loss表示“损失”，符合语境。故选C项
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：以下是三种最常见的视频用途，以及每种视频的首选格式。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的名词formats，作定语，应用形容词；结合句意可知，此处表示“每种视频的首选格式”，preferred为形容词，表示“更合意的、更好的”，符合语境。故选F项
【28题详解】
考查动词。句意：Facebook也支持MOV格式，而YouTube接受大多数视频格式。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词，主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词也用第三人称单数，结合句意可知，此处表示“支持MOV格式”，support表示“支持”，符合语境。故选G项
【29题详解】
考查动词。句意：AVI, MOV和MKV提供了最高质量的图像，这使它们成为大屏幕流媒体的绝佳选择。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词，此处为并列主语，谓语动词应用复数形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“提供了最高质量的图像”，offer表示“提供”，符合语境。故选E项
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，使用Wix Video等工具将允许您处理几乎任何文件类型，并为您提供更多的控制您的工作。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“任何人间类型”，type表示“类型”，符合语境。故选I项
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. profitably
B. fallen
C. sell
D. dangerous
AB. dump
AC. efficiently
AD. plastic
BC. endless
BD. civilization
CD. throwaway
ABC. stylish

The value of upcycling
Recycling is a well-known idea that refers to reusing waste materials in any way possible. But what about “upcycling”? It’s a new word, even though it’s something that has been going on since human ____31____ began. It means reusing waste materials so that they have greater value. Throughout history, people have always done creative things with “trash”. For example, they’ve used straw and dead leaves to make roofs, skin from dead animals to make leather goods, and wood from ____32____ trees to make boats. So why is there a new word for it now?
One answer to this question is that we reuse fewer and fewer things, and so have become a (n) “____33____” society. This has raised huge questions about waste: Where can we ____34____ it all? Will it pollute the environment? Could it be ____35____ to our health? The evidence is everywhere—even in the Pacific Ocean, where billions of bits of broken ____36____ float near the surface. Fish eat them, and then we eat the fish.
So upcyclers have adopted this new word to focus people’s attention on how waste cannot simply be reused, but be reused ____37____. In fact, upcyclers don’t like the idea of waste and prefer to call it an “asset”, something of value. Nowadays, there are lots of organizations that ____38____ products with upcycled material. Some artists and designers have upcycled things like denim from old jeans to make rugs, and wood from old houses to make furniture. Others have even used candy wrappers to make handbags! Sometimes they’ll add a(n) ____39____ element to their products, such as a beautiful mosaic (马赛克) made with broken dishes. With a (n) _____40_____ supply of “assets”, it seems that upcycling has a great future.
【答案】31. BD 32. B
33. CD 34. AB
35. D 36. AD
37. A 38. C
39. ABC 40. BC
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了“upcycling”（升级再造）的含义及意义。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然这是人类文明开始以来一直在发生的事情，但这是一个新词。根据句意及分析句型可知此处填名词，构成名词短语human civilization在句中作主语。故选BD项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，他们用稻草和枯叶做屋顶，用死去动物的皮做皮革制品，用倒下的树木做船。分析句子结构可知此处填形容词，作定语修饰名词trees。根据句意，可知此处表示倒下的、死去的树木。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：对于这个问题，答案之一就是我们重复使用的东西越来越少，因此已经成为一个一次性商品充斥的社会。分析句型可知，此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词society；根据“we reuse fewer and fewer things”（我们重复使用东西越来越少了），可知现代社会人们习惯使用一次性物品了。故选CD项。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：这引发了关于垃圾的巨大问题：我们可以把垃圾倾倒在哪里?分析句型可知，此处填动词。根据句意，此处意指把垃圾倾倒在哪里。故选AB项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它对我们会有害吗？分析句型可知，此处填形容词；根据句意，此处考查短语be dangerous to（对......有害）。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：即使在太平洋，这种证据也无处不在，那里有数十亿的塑料碎片漂浮在海面附近。根据分析句子结构可知此处填名词，在句中作主语；根据句意，此处意指有大量的塑料漂浮在太平洋上。故选AD项。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，升级回收者采用了这个新词，让人们关注垃圾如何不简单地重复利用，而是有利可图地重复利用。分析句子结构可知，此处要用副词来修饰前面的动词reuse；根据句意，此处意指要有利润可图地去回收垃圾。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：现在，有很多组织销售升级后的材料的产品。分析句型可知，此处填动词在定语从句中作谓语动词。根据前句“In fact, upcyclers don’t like the idea of waste and prefer to call it an “asset”, something of value.”（事实上，升级回收者们不喜欢废品这个想法，而是更愿意把它称作资产。），所以很多组织销售改造升级后的废品。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有时他们会给一个产品添加时尚元素，比如由破碎的盘子做成的漂亮的马赛克。分析句子结构，可知此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词element；根据“such as a beautiful mosaic (马赛克) made with broken dishes”，可知艺术家往产品中加入了时尚元素。故选ABC项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有着无穷无尽的“资产”供应，升级回收似乎有着一个伟大的未来。分析句子结构，可知此处要填形容词修饰后面的名词supply；根据句意，此处意指废品数量很多，利用废品改造升级回收利用有着无尽的资源供应。故选BC项。

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Deliverance(解救) for Delivery Drivers?
ZOOOOOOOOM!!! A gust of air, the hum of spinning wheels, and a flash of color whizzing past. I’m sure that we have all stepped into the crosswalk, at one time or another, and experienced this sudden, heart-stopping ___41___. I am, of course, referring to delivery drivers ___42___ through crossroads to deliver takeaway food.
Over the past few years, delivery drivers have been criticized, fined, and even ___43___ for breaking traffic laws across China. Delivery drivers often ___44___ red lights, disregard speed limits, and pay little attention to pedestrian crossings. But they also often pay the ___45___ price — each year, it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing. ___46___, since delivery drivers are usually poorly paid, how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?
Well, it ___47___ to be a complicated issue. Recently an article titled “Delivery Drivers, Stuck in the System” was shared widely on social media. According to the article, ___48___ between delivery services Ele.me and Meituan has caused each app to take increasingly extreme measures to out-do(超过) the other. This has included the shortening of delivery time windows. It has been ___49___, in part, through a combination of rewards for early delivery and severe punishments for late delivery. Over time, the platforms have only increased these ___50___ on drivers. As a result, drivers find themselves in a dilemma(左右两难的困境)：break traffic laws or, in some cases, lose hundreds of yuan in earnings for late deliveries.
According to surveys and reactions online, ___51___ care much whether their deliveries are a few minutes late, while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for. In response, Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features to ___52___ delivery times for slow elevators or bad weather conditions.
Although these new ___53___ cannot solve the underlying problems of intense competition or the inherent dangers of driving, they should, in some measure, start reducing some of the pressure on drivers. In the meantime, as ___54___, we can help to make life for delivery riders safer and easier. ___55___, be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. If you see a food delivery guy rushing toward you on an escalator or into a door, consider standing back and letting him go first. After all, they are putting their lives on the line just to deliver our food.
41. A. fright B. delight C. pain D. sorrow
42. A. running B. walking C. rushing D. wandering
43. A. arrested B. fired C. blamed D. praised
44. A. destroy B. ignore C. observe D. interrupt
45. A. everlasting B. dramatic C. slight D. final
46. A. However B. Namely C. Indeed D. Surprisingly
47. A. decides B. refuses C. turns out D. takes turns
48. A. comparison B. contrast C. competition D. cooperation
49. A. adapted B. achieved C. adopted D. assumed
50. A. motivations B. advantages C. pressures D. skills
51. A. some B. few C. many D. we
52. A. reduce B. expand C. narrow D. extend
53. A. actions B. behaviors C. features D. conditions
54. A. humans B. consumers C. friends D. taxpayers
55. A. In one word B. As a result C. For example D. On the contrary
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析外卖员快速行驶，闯红灯等的现象，呼吁外卖公司和顾客多站在他们安全角度，做些措施减少他们压力。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我敢肯定，我们都曾一度踏入人行横道，经历过这种突如其来的、令人心跳停止的恐惧。A. fright惊吓；B. delight喜悦；C. pain疼痛；D. sorrow悲伤。由前文“heart-stopping”以及语境可知，突如其来的车是一个让人停止心跳的“惊吓”。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我指的是外卖员匆匆穿过十字路口，送外卖。A. running跑；B. walking走；C. rushing冲；D. wandering徘徊。由前文“a flash of color whizzing past”可知，外卖员是匆匆地“冲”过十字路口。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去几年中，外卖员因违反中国各地的交通法规而受到批评、罚款，甚至被捕。A. arrested逮捕；B. fired解雇；C. blamed指责；D. praised称赞。由后文 “breaking traffic laws”可知，违反法律，所以他们可能被“逮捕”。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：外卖员常常无视红灯，无视速度限制，也很少注意人行横道。A. destroy摧毁；B. ignore忽略；C. observe观察；D. interrupt打断。由前文“breaking traffic laws ”可知，他们可能“忽略”红灯而直接闯过去。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们也经常付出巨大的代价——每年，外卖员的致命伤害似乎都在增加。A. everlasting永远的；B. dramatic戏剧性的，巨大的；C. slight轻微的；D. final最终的。由后文“it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing”可知，这代价是“巨大的”。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于外卖员的工资通常很低，他们真的应该为争分夺秒而受到多少责备？A. However然而；B. Namely即,也就是；C. Indeed的确；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。由后文“how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?”以及后文语境可知，虽然外卖员做了很多不顾自己和路人安全的事，“然而”，这并不完全是他们的责任。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这结果是一个复杂的问题。A. decides决定；B. refuses拒绝；C. turns out结果是；D. takes turns轮流进行。由前文“how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?”可知，针对这个问题，研究表明这“结果是”复杂问题。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：文章称，外卖服务饿了么和美团之间的竞争导致每一款应用都采取了越来越极端的措施来超越其他应用。A. comparison.比较；B. contrast对比；C. competition竞争；D. cooperation合作。由后文“take increasingly extreme measures to out-do the other”可知，是“竞争”导致外卖平台不断想超越对方。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在一定程度上是通过对提前交付的奖励和对延迟交付的严厉惩罚相结合的方式实现的。A. adapted.改编；B. achieved实现；C. adopted采用；D. assumed假定。由前文“This has included the shortening of delivery time windows.”以及语境可知，根据外卖员现状来看，通过压迫外卖员而缩短送货时间这目的是“实现”了的。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这些平台只会增加驾驶员的压力。A. motivations动机；B. advantages优点；C. pressures压力；D. skills技能。由前文“This has included the shortening of delivery time windows.”可知，平台把“压力”施加给外卖员了。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：根据网上的调查和反应，很少有人关心他们的送货是否晚了几分钟，而大多数人认为这不值得冒生命危险。A. some一些；B. few很少；C. many许多；D. we我们。由后文“while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for.”以及其中while表转折可知，“很少”顾客在意晚几分钟。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，饿了么和美团增加了一系列特点，以延长慢电梯或恶劣天气条件下的交付时间。A. reduce减少；B. expand展开；C. narrow 使...变窄；D. extend延长。由“ In response”可知，外卖平台也采取了措施改善外卖员现状，比如特殊情况“延长”配送时间。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管这些新特点不能解决激烈竞争的潜在问题或驾驶的固有危险，但在某种程度上，它们应该开始减轻外卖员的一些压力。A. actions行动；B. behaviors行为；C. features特征，特点；D. conditions条件。由上文“Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features”可知，这里指上面的这些新“特点”。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查介词词组辨析。句意：与此同时，作为消费者，我们可以帮助外卖骑手的生活更安全、更轻松。A. humans人类；B. consumers消费者；C. friends朋友；D. taxpayers纳税人。由后文“deliver our food”可知，这里作者讲我们作为“消费者”应该怎么做。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：例如，做一个体贴的人，不要让他们等太久。A. In one word总之；B. As a result因此；C. For example例如；D. On the contrary相反地。由后文“ be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. ”可知，作者这里在“举例”说明我们作为消费者可以做什么事减少外卖员压力。故选C项。

Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
56. What does the author think of victors’ standards for joining the genius club?
A. They’re unfair. B. They’re conservative.
C. They’re objective. D. They’re strict.
57. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
58. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C. Acceptance of victors’ concepts.
D. Changes in people’s social positions.
59. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck
【答案】56. A 57. D 58. A 59. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才?”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝。)”可知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动。)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.(在一个拥有持续的全球交流的联网的世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的出现。)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?(谁是天才)”和最后一段的“And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.(我们看得越多，就越会发现，像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外表。正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
(B)
For many travelers these days, finding a way to make travel more meaningful has become a top priority. They are increasingly pursuing journeys that include time to volunteer, work on a conservation project, protect endangered animals or to do other activities that allow for giving back while exploring a new part of the world. Here are some opportunities that combine travel with doing good deeds.
The Azores
The trips offer the opportunity to work on carefully selected projects with famous scientists while also enjoying meetings with some of the world’s most attractive sea creatures in water. It allows participants to join a research team in the Azores that’s studying the animals to support future protection of the species. Advanced diving experience is required.
Red Sea, Egypt
Combining an opportunity for world-class diving with being part of an important research effort conducted by Hurghada Environmental Protection and Conservation Association. The seven-night trip includes learning how to gather water data with the latest scientific equipment and conducting onboard and underwater experiments.
Australia
Explore Queensland, Australia, while also supporting a registered charity that rescues farm animals from abuse, neglect, and situations where they’re in danger. Participants help with daily cleaning of barns (牲口圈) and cages, feeding, health checks, light repair, monitoring animals’ movements, and intensive care of ill, old and baby animals. The experience includes free accommodations with WiFi and a swimming pool.
Romania
Work with bears at Romania’s largest bear sanctuary (庇护所), a place that was created as a heaven for bears that have been treated in a cruel way. Located in the Carpathian Mountains, the sanctuary needs volunteers to help with preparing food, monitoring animal health and leading conservation tours. The sanctuary is home to 84 bears, with 20 more due to be rescued.
60. What do the first two trips have in common?
A. Both involve underwater activities.
B. Both provide free accommodations.
C. Both require advanced diving experience.
D. Both teach how to use scientific equipment.
61. Which place best suits a girl who likes horses?
A. The Azores. B. Red Sea. C. Australia. D. Romania.
62. Why are the bears adopted by the sanctuary in Romania?
A. They have no food. B. They are badly treated.
C. They should be monitored. D. They need to live in mountains.
63. Where does the passage most probably appear?
A. In a fashion magazine. B. In a shopping guide.
C. In a travel brochure. D. In a biography.
【答案】60. C 61. C 62. B 63. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个将旅游和做好事结合的地方。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Azores中的“Advanced diving experience is required.(要求有高级潜水经验。)”可知，该地方明确要求有高级潜水经验；根据Red Sea, Egypt中的“Combining an opportunity for world-class diving with being part of an important research effort conducted by Hurghada Environmental Protection and Conservation Association.(将世界级潜水的机会与赫尔格达环境保护和养护协会进行的重要研究工作相结合。)”可知，该地方将世界级潜水的机会与环境保护和养护协和进行的重要研究工作相结合，说明也需要潜水经验。由此可知，这两个地方的共同之处在于都需要高级潜水经验。故选C项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Australia中的“Explore Queensland, Australia, while also supporting a registered charity that rescues farm animals from abuse, neglect, and situations where they’re in danger. Participants help with daily cleaning of barns (牲口圈) and cages, feeding, health checks, light repair, monitoring animals’ movements, and intensive care of ill, old and baby animals. The experience includes free accommodations with WiFi and a swimming pool.(探索澳大利亚昆士兰州，同时支持一个注册的慈善机构，该机构拯救农场动物免受虐待、忽视和危险的情况。参与者每天帮助清理畜棚和笼子、喂食、健康检查、灯光维修、监测动物的活动，以及对生病、年老和婴儿动物的特别护理。体验包括免费住宿、WiFi和游泳池。)”可知，澳大利亚这个地方可以和农场的动物一起工作。由此可知，Australia适合一个喜欢马的女孩。故选C项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Romania 中的“Work with bears at Romania’s largest bear sanctuary (庇护所), a place that was created as a heaven for bears that have been treated in a cruel way.(在罗马尼亚最大的熊保护区与熊一起工作，这里是为遭受残酷对待的熊创造的天堂。)”可知，这些熊因为遭受了残酷对待而被熊保护区领养。故选B项。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For many travelers these days, finding a way to make travel more meaningful has become a top priority. They are increasingly pursuing journeys that include time to volunteer, work on a conservation project, protect endangered animals or to do other activities that allow for giving back while exploring a new part of the world. Here are some opportunities that combine travel with doing good deeds.(如今，对许多旅行者来说，找到一种让旅行更有意义的方法已成为头等大事。他们越来越多地追求旅行，包括做志愿者、参与保护项目、保护濒危动物或做其他活动，在探索世界的新地方的同时回报社会。这里有一些将旅行与做好事结合起来的机会。)”并结合下文介绍的几个地方可知，本文主要介绍了几个将旅游和做好事结合起来的地方。由此可推知，本文最可能出现在旅游指南上。故选C项。
(C)
My son, Toby, 17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19. He is the first in our household to test positive, and all the information provided for people in this situation is designed for adults who are(or should be) concerned about protecting their families. Toby, obviously, cannot comprehend such advice. He cannot keep a distance from everybody else, or eat and wash in a separate room. We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed that the official guidance didn’t really apply to our situation.
Indeed. Not much we can do. So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected with COVID-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and our elder son, are going to get COVID now. Not much we can do.
My first reaction, after absorbing his diagnosis, was to cook sausages. I didn’t even know that was my comfort food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach helped me take stock. Yes, it may now be inevitable that we’re going to contract the very virus we’ve spent a year avoiding, but as long as we don’t contract it at the same time, then, hopefully, one other of us will be available to look after our kids (thus answering my five-year-old’s most pressing concern: “…but who will make the pudding?”).
So, to minimise transmission, we’ve opened all the windows. And we’ve decided to wear face coverings whenever we are with Toby. This decision has been insignificant to him—I imagine he literally cannot remember life before masks—but for me, it’s distressing. I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—it is telling me that my home has been infected, That it’s no longer a safe space.
And so it was, when I sat down to write this column, that I ended up writing about COVID, which is probably the last thing you wanted to read. Sorry about that. COVID has coloured my thoughts today, even though I know that my wife and children will be fine, and that really we should just be grateful we haven’t passed it on to my grandmother.
I predict there will be more sausages in the morning.
64. By repeating the sentence “Not much we can do” in paragraph 2, the writer implies that ________.
A. he feels inspired B. he is really helpless
C. he wants professional support D. he needs to keep a distance from Toby
65. According to the writer, what did sausages bring to him?
A. Appetite. B. Concern. C. Relief. D. Sadness.
66. Why did wearing masks at home distress the writer?
A. It discourages him from writing about COVID.
B. It brings him back to the days before COVID-19
C. It makes him feel at a loss for how to help his son.
D. It is a reminder of what is happening to his family.
67. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. The diagnosis leaves the writer’s family in a tough spot.
B. Being infected with COVID-19 leaves Toby in a bad mood.
C. The writer is sure that his other kids won’t contract the virus.
D. Sausages have long been considered by many to be comfort food
【答案】64. B 65. C 66. D 67. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者17个月的儿子确诊新冠后，令他们的生活变得非常糟糕。
【64题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句话“We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed that the official guidance didn’t really apply to our situation.(我们拨打了911，与我们交谈的医生同意官方指导并不适用于我们的情况)”以及第二段第三、四句话“So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected with COVID-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and our elder son, are going to get COVID now. (所以，现在我们被困在四壁之内，身边有一个感染了新冠肺炎的婴儿，他继续爬到我们身上，口水躺到我们脸上，爱我们，拥抱我们。我们和大儿子现在感染新冠肺炎似乎是不可避免的)”可知，作者17个月的儿子确诊新冠后，由于孩子太小，他们没有办法和他保持安全的距离，家人无可避免地会被感染，所以“Not much we can do”这句话表明作者感到非常的无助。故选B。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I didn’t even know that was my comfort food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach helped me take stock. (我甚至都不知道这是我选择的安慰食品。也许下午的危机会引起不同的烹饪欲望？总之，饱腹有助于我进行评估)”可推知，作者选择烤香肠是一种安慰性食物，可以缓解他现在紧张的情绪。所以香肠带给他带来了宽慰。故选C。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—it is telling me that my home has been infected, That it’s no longer a safe space.(当然，我已经习惯了在超市和咖啡店戴口罩，但实际上，在自己的房子里半遮着脸四处走动是另一回事——这告诉我，我的家已经感染了病毒，不再是一个安全的地方)”可知，在家戴口罩让作者烦恼的原因是，这提醒了他的家人正在发生什么。故选D。
【67题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话“My son, Toby, 17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19.(我17个月大的儿子托比刚刚检测出新冠肺炎呈阳性)”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的17个月大的儿子确诊新冠后，他们家的生活变得非常糟糕。所以从这篇文章中可以得出“这一诊断使作者的家人陷入困境”这个结论。故选A。
(D)
Hong Kong isn’t the first place you’d expect to find a peaceful island. But in a quiet corner of Sai Kung district (西贡区), a tiny green island offers a rare glimpse into the past.
Nicknamed “Ghost Island,” Yim Tin Tsai (盐田仔) was once home to a flourishing Hakka (客家) community. They settled on the empty island and built salt pans (盐田) to earn a living. When the salt pans were shut down more than 100 years ago, most residents turned to farming and fishing.
In the 1960s, more and more families moved to other places. The last of the villagers on the island had moved abroad by the 1990s, and, in the following years, Yim Tin Tsai lay empty.
If travelers had visited Yim Tin Tsai a decade ago, they would have found nothing but overgrown weeds (野草) and crumbling houses. That’s exactly what villager Colin Chan saw when he returned to the island after 40 years. But, for him, the island represented something special — a unique side of Hong Kong’s history and culture that shouldn’t be forgotten.
“I came back here hoping to recover something I felt I had lost,” Colin said. “I found the island was in ruins and I was very sad. This is the place I grew up. This is my father’s home and his father’s home.”
In 1999, Colin was elected as village representative and began what would become a lifelong mission: to make the island come alive. Together with about 10 former villagers, Colin raised money to build a visitor center for travelers. In 2004, a charitable foundation donated funds to renovate the island’s historical chapel (小教堂). In 2005, UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation honored the chapel with an award of merit (优异奖).
Motivated by this, the villagers organized a regular ferry schedule to enable travelers to reach the island, and set out to showcase the village’s unique history. They built a heritage trail, repaired Hakka ancestral homes, created a museum, and even started an organic farm that sits at the foot of the church.
68. According to the article, the Hakka community________.
A. all moved to other countries in the 1990s
B. settled on Yim Tin Tsai about 100 years ago
C. made a living by salt mining, farming and fishing on Yim Tin Tsai
D. found Yim Tin Tsai to be a fertile place when they had first arrived there
69. The word “crumbling” in paragraph 4 could probably be replaced by “______.”
A. frightened B. broken C. disappearing D. decreasing
70. Which of the following is NOT a reason why Colin Chan came back to Yim Tin Tsai?
A. Because he wanted to recover the special feeling of the place where he grew up.
B. Because as village representative, he had the duty to bring the village back to life.
C. Because he didn’t want to see the hometown of his father and grandfather in ruins.
D. Because he wanted to preserve Hong Kong’s history and culture mirrored in the island.
71. We can learn from the article that _______.
A. UNESCO honored Yim Tin Tsai with an award of merit in 2005.
B. If travelers visit Yim Tin Tsai today, they will find it a lush, green island full of life.
C. Colin Chan raised money to build a museum to showcase the village’s unique history.
D. the villagers on Yim Tin Tsai want to restore the salt pans which were closed more than 100 years ago.
【答案】68. C 69. B 70. B 71. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了香港盐田仔从作为客家之乡，到变为荒岛，再到复兴为生机勃勃的旅游景点的历程。
【68题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“They settled on the empty island and built salt pans (盐田) to earn a living. When the salt pans were shut down more than 100 years ago, most residents turned to farming and fishing.(他们在荒岛上定居，建造盐田谋生。当盐田在100多年前被关闭时，大多数居民转向务农和捕鱼。)”可知，这些客家人在岛上定居后，建造盐田谋生，盐田关闭后，又转向务农和捕鱼。故选C项。
【69题详解】
词意猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“If travelers had visited Yim Tin Tsai a decade ago, they would have found nothing but overgrown weeds (野草) and crumbling houses.(如果游客十年前来过盐田仔，他们只会看到杂草丛生和crumbling房屋。)”可知，如果游客十年前来过盐田仔，那时的盐田仔已经变是荒岛，所以只会看到杂草丛生和摇摇欲坠的房屋。Crumbling是一个形容词，表示“破碎的”，与broken互为同义表达。故选B项。
【70题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句话“But, for him, the island represented something special — a unique side of Hong Kong’s history and culture that shouldn’t be forgotten.(但是，对他来说，这个岛代表了一些特别的东西——香港历史和文化的独特一面，不应该被遗忘。)”以及第五段““I came back here hoping to recover something I felt I had lost,” Colin said. “I found the island was in ruins and I was very sad. This is the place I grew up. This is my father’s home and his father’s home.”(科林说：“我回到这里，希望能找回我已经失去的东西。我发现这座岛成了一片废墟，我非常难过。这是我长大的地方。这是我父亲的家，也是他父亲的家。”)”可知，科林回到盐田仔的原因主要有：为了保存香港历史和文化独特的一面、为了找回自己已经失去的特殊感觉，为了不让自己父亲及祖父的家变为废墟。而B项“Because as village representative, he had the duty to bring the village back to life.(因为作为村代表，他有责任让村庄恢复生机。)”是他回到盐田仔之后发生的事，不属于原因。故选B项。
【71题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Motivated by this, the villagers organized a regular ferry schedule to enable travelers to reach the island, and set out to showcase the village’s unique history. They built a heritage trail, repaired Hakka ancestral homes, created a museum, and even started an organic farm that sits at the foot of the church.(受此激励，村民们组织了定期的轮渡计划，让游客能够到达岛上，并开始展示村庄的独特历史。他们修建了一条遗产小径，修复了客家人的祖屋，创建了一个博物馆，甚至在教堂脚下开办了一个有机农场。)”可知，村民们组织了定期轮渡接送游客，展示村庄独特历史，并修建了遗产小路，恢复了客家人祖屋，创建了博物馆，开办了有机农场等。由此可推知，现在的盐田仔已经变成了一个生机勃勃的地方。故选B项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A selection from the trolley
The trolley problem used to be a popular question in philosophical ethics(伦理学).It runs as follows: a trolley or a train, is speeding down a track towards a junction(三叉路口). Some evildoer has tied five people to the track ahead, and another person to the branch line. You are standing next to a lever(操纵杆) that controls the junction. Do nothing, and the five people will be killed. Pull the lever, and only one person dies. What is the ethical course of action?
_____72_____ A truly self-driving car, after all, will have to be given ethical instructions of some sort by its human programmers. That has led to a boom for the world’s professional ethicists, who suddenly find themselves in hot demand.
In a paper just published in Nature, a team of psychologists and computer scientists, led by Edmond Awad of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), describe a different approach. _____73_____
They created a website which presents visitors with a series of choices about whom to save and whom to kill. The website proved a hit. In the end it gathered nearly 40m decisions.
The strongest preferences, expressed by respondents from all over the world, were for saving human lives over animal ones, preferring to save many rather than few and prioritising children over the old. _____74_____
Iyad Rahwan, a computer scientist at MIT and one of the paper’s authors, says that many people dismiss the trolley problem as pointless as it is unlikely to arise in real life. He is unconvinced. The specific situations described by the website may hardly ever occur, he says. _____75_____ He gives the example of overtaking cyclists: “If you stay relatively near to the cycle lane, you’re increasing the chance of hitting a cyclist, but reducing the chance of hitting another car in the next lane over,” he says.
A. But all sorts of choices made by the firms producing self-driving cars will affect who lives and who dies in indirect ways.
B. Rather than asking philosophers for their thoughts, they decided instead to ask the public.
C. That seems to conflict with most people’s moral preferences.
D. The preference for saving women, for instance, was stronger in places with higher levels of gender equality.
E. There were weaker preferences for saving women over men, pedestrians over passengers in the car and for taking action rather than doing nothing.
F. The excitement around self-driving cars, though, has made the problem famous.
【答案】72. F 73. B 74. E 75. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章阐述自动驾驶技术的伦理问题，文章还讲述了一个网站收集的公众对此问题的观点。
【72题详解】
根据下文“A truly self-driving car, after all, will have to be given ethical instructions of some sort by its human programmers. That has led to a boom for the world’s professional ethicists, who suddenly find themselves in hot demand.(毕竟，一辆真正的自动驾驶汽车必须由它的人类程序员给予某种道德指导。这导致了全球职业伦理学家的激增，他们突然发现自己很受欢迎。)，可知下文讨论了关于自动驾驶汽车的问题，F项中的“self-driving cars”与之呼应，因此推断F项“然而，人们对自动驾驶汽车的兴奋情绪，已经让这个问题声名于世。”，F项中的the problem指代上文提的“the ethical course of action”，呼应下文“the world’s professional ethicists”，说明自动驾驶汽车存在的道德方面的问题促使全球职业伦理学家很受欢迎。故选F。
【73题详解】
根据上文“In a paper just published in Nature, a team of psychologists and computer scientists, led by Edmond Awad of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), describe a different approach.(在《自然》杂志刚刚发表的一篇论文中，由麻省理工学院的埃德蒙德·阿瓦德领导的心理学家和计算机科学家团队描述了一种不同的方法。)”可知，前文讲述心理学家埃德蒙德·阿瓦德和科学家团队使用了另一种方式，B项中的“rather than”与different呼应，因此推断B项“他们没有向哲学家们询问他们的想法，而是决定问问公众。”承接前文的讲述。故选B。
【74题详解】
前文“The strongest preferences, expressed by respondents from all over the world, were for saving human lives over animal ones, preferring to save many rather than few and prioritising children over the old.(来自世界各地的受访者表示，最优先的是拯救人类而不是动物的生命，优先拯救多数人而不是少数人，优先考虑儿童而不是老年人。)”阐述了收集到公众们的评论结果，阐述了人们优先考虑的事情，E项中的“weaker preferences”呼应前文的“The strongest preferences”，E项“对于拯救女性而非男性、拯救行人而非车内乘客、采取行动而非袖手旁观的偏好较弱。”符合语境，从另一方面阐述公众们的观点。故选E。
【75题详解】
根据下文“He gives the example of overtaking cyclists: “If you stay relatively near to the cycle lane, you’re increasing the chance of hitting a cyclist, but reducing the chance of hitting another car in the next lane over,” he says.( 他举了一个超车自行车骑手的例子：“如果你呆在相对靠近自行车道的地方，你就会增加撞到自行车骑手的机会，但却会减少在下一个车道上撞上另一辆车的机会。”)”可推断，此处讲述如何设计自动驾驶汽车的选择间接影响着他人的生命，A项“但生产自动驾驶汽车的公司所做出的各种选择将以间接方式影响谁活着和死亡。”符合语境。故选A。
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
76. 从长远来看，回收包装对环境有积极的影响。(impact)(汉译英)
【答案】Recycling packaging has a positive impact on the environment in the long run.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和固定短语等。分析汉语句意可知，表示“从长远来看”可用固定短语in the long run；表示“回收包装”可用recycle packaging；表示“对环境有积极影响”可用短语have a positive impact on the environment。整个句子可以recycle packaging作为主语，故需用动名词形式，主语为单数，谓语也应用单数形式，此处是在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时即可。故翻译为Recycling packaging has a positive impact on the environment in the long run.。
77. 出于防御的目的，当地人花了好几年的时间修建城墙。(purpose) (汉译英)
【答案】For the purpose of defense, the locals spent years building walls.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词时态和固定搭配等。分析汉语句意可知，表示“出于防御的目的”可用短语for the purpose of defense；表示“当地人”可用the locals，local作为名词表示“当地人”时常以复数形式出现；表示“花了好几年的时间修建城墙”可用固定短语spend time doing sth.，即spend years building walls。结合句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故翻译为For the purpose of defense, the locals spent years building walls.
78. 作为六朝古都，南京无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。(doubt) (汉译英)
【答案】As the ancient capital of the six dynasties Nanjing is undoubtedly one of the most popular tourist destinations in China.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。ancient capital古都； six dynasties六朝；undoubtedly无疑地；tourist destination旅游目的地。one of + the +形容词最高级+复数名词。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意以及主谓一致，故填As the ancient capital of the six dynasties, Nanjing is undoubtedly one of the most popular tourist destinations in China.
79. 雨天经常发生交通事故，因为有些驾驶员不太注意潮湿的路面状况。(regard) (汉译英)
【答案】Traffic accidents often happen on rainy days because some drivers show little regard to the wet road conditions.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、固定搭配、原因状语从句等。分析汉语句意可知，此处可处理为because引导的原因状语从句；表示“雨天经常发生交通事故”可转换为以交通事故为主语的简单句，即traffic accidents often happen on rainy days，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数；表示“有些驾驶员不太注意潮湿的路面状况”可用some drivers show little regard to the wet road conditions，根据要求，表示“不太注意”可用固定短语show little regard to，主语为复数，谓语动词也用复数。此处是在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时即可。故翻译为Traffic accidents often happen on rainy days because some drivers show little regard to the wet road conditions.
80. 尽管存在一些缺点，但网上外卖服务对那些住得离超市很远的人来说非常有用。(despite) (汉译英)
【答案】Despite some drawbacks, online delivery services can be very useful for those who live far from a supermarket.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、短语和定语从句。介词despite表示“尽管”之意，后接名词或动名词形式。online delivery service网上外卖服务；be useful for对……有用；far from远离。句中先行词为those，代指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。根据句意，故翻译为Despite some drawbacks, online delivery services can be very useful for those who live far from a supermarket.