2023届高三英语二轮复习定语从句讲解及练习课件

这是一份2023届高三英语二轮复习定语从句讲解及练习课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了小试牛刀，对等 ，定语从句的引导词，关系代词的使用方法，As 引导定语从句，关系副词的用法，there，先行词，关系词，why等内容，欢迎下载使用。

She brught with her three friends, sme f ____ I had ever met befre. A them B wh C whm D theseA persn _____ e-mail accunt is full wn’t be able t send r receive any e-mails. A wh B whm C whse D wheverThey’ve wn their last three matches, _____ I find a bit surprising actually. A that B when C what D whichI’ve reached a pint in my life_____ I am suppsed t make decisins f my wn. A which B where C hw D whyThe huse I grew up _____ has been taken dwn and replaced by an ffice building. A in it B in C in that D in which6. The bss in _____ department Mr. King wrked had heard abut the accident. A which B what C that D whse
定语定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例） 例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving t fast was a drunk.
定语从句放在主句中的某一名词或代词之后，起修饰限定或补充说明作用的从句叫定语从句。 例： The girl wh is behind the tree is Kate. The man wh was driving t fast was a drunk.
He lent me sme mney, which is very generus f him
先行词和关系词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词、关系词/引导词
代替 That is the bike which my father bught fr me. 先行词＝关系词 bike
关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定 语从句中充当某种成分。
关系代词：wh, whm, which, that, as, whse
关系副词：when, where, why
如何区分关系代词和关系副词？
在选择引导词时，最重要的是分析一下定语从句中的成分，若从句中缺主语、宾语或表语，那么必须要用关系代词；若从句中不缺主语、宾语或表语，那么必须要用关系副词。
D yu still remember the days______ we spent in Qingda?D yu still remember the days______ we spent the summer hlidays in Qingda?
that/ which/省略
定语从句常用的关系代词有：that 、wh(m)、whse、which等。
that指人或物，在从句中作主语或作动词的宾语。（作宾语时可省.） 1) Have yu fund the bike that yu lst? Have yu fund the bike which yu lst? Have yu fund the bike yu lst? 2) She is the girl （that/ wh/ whm） I went with there.
2. which 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不可省略;作宾语可以省略。 ( which 与that 指物时可以互相代替，that 更常见。） 1) His father wrks in a factry that makes TV sets. His father wrks in a factry which makes TV sets. 2)The film that we saw last night was very wnderful. The film which we saw last night was very wnderful. The film 省略 we saw last night was very wnderful.
3. wh 指人(既它的先行词必须是人),在从句中作主语或宾语。但whm 是宾格,只能作宾语。(that也指人.代替wh,whm,可作主语或宾语)
1)The girls wh weren’t badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. The girls that weren’t badly hurt in the accident are my classmates.
2) He knew the teacher wh we met yesterday. He knew the teacher whm we met yesterday. He knew the teacher (that) we met yesterday.
4.whse 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 I saw a wman . Her bag was stlen . I saw a wman whse bag was stlen.
Please shw me the bk . Its cver is red. Please shw me the bk whse cver is red.
1)This is the her( whm) we are prud f. This is the her f whm we are prud . This is the her(that) we are prud f .
2)She is the girl whm I went with there. She is the girl with whm I went there. She is the girl that I went with there. She is the girl 省略 I went with there.
注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:lk after,lk at …
关系代词与介词 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 和whm代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
3 )The rm (that) I live in is very big. The rm (which) I live in is very big. The rm in which I live is very big. The rm where I live is very big.
Here are the picture-bks that the children are lking fr . Here are the picture-bks which the children are lking fr. Here are the picture-bks the children are lking fr.
1、当先行词前有such\ the same\as连用，用as 代指物在从句中做主语或宾语
This is the same pen as I bught yesterday
2、在非限制性定语从句中：①表示的意思是 正如、正象②其引导的定语从句即可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。
The Pacific is the largest cean, as we all knw.
As we expect, we wn the game
Whse 引导定语从句
在定语从句中作定语，先行词既可指人，也可指物。 例如：
The classrm, whse drs face the suth, is urs.
My best friend Tm, whse father is a pliceman, ften helps me with my hmewrk.
注意：whse 兼做 wh和which 的所有格形式，因此 指人时，whse + n. = the +n. + f whm 或 = f whm + the +n. 指物时，whse +n. = the + n. + f which 或 = f which + the + n.
The classrm, whse face the suth, is urs.
= the drs f which/ f which the drs face the suth, is urs.
例如：This kind f bk is fr children, whse native language is Chinese
= the native language f whm is Chinese
关系副词和关系代词一样， 在从句中代替先行词。在句中作状语。连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。
关系副词有三种： where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. ( n/in/at…which) when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(n/ in…which) why: 在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。 the reasn why
关系副词的用法： 1.where 的用法：(先行词应是地点名词） The htel wasn’t clean. + We stayed =The htel where we stayed wasn’t clean. ＝The htel at which we stayed wasn’t clean. ＝The htel which/ that we stayed at wasn’t clean ＝The htel 关系词略we stayed at wasn’t clean .
at the htel.
We stayed
高考中where的考察需注意一：
地点的模糊化（或抽象的地点）
先行词常为 situatin, case, pint, activity, psitin, jb 等。
It’s helpful t put children in a situatin they can see themselves differently.that B. when C. which D. where
The accident had reached t a pint _____bth their parents are t be called in.A which B. that C. where D. when
高考中where的考察需注意二：
Where 引导定语从句可放在介词 frm 的后面，表示更加精确的地点。
1、frm 后面本身就可以接介词短语表示精确的地点，如： A dg jumped ut frm under the table A vice came frm behind me
2、Lk ver there, sme peple are standing under the big tree, frm where they can enjy the whle view.
frm where = frm under the tree
2.when的用法： （先行词应是表示时间的名词） I’ll never frget the day. + I jined the League n that day. I’ll never frget the day n which I jined the League . I’ll never frget the day when I jined the League.
1. A friend f mine frm _____ I was brn shwed up at my hme right befre I left fr Beijing. A hw B whm C when D which 2. She went t Japan 2 years ag, since _____ I haven’t heard frm her. A it B which C when D that
3.why的用法： 常用于 reasn 的后面。 The reasn ________I’m calling yu is t invite yu t a party.
The reasn________ he explained t me is unbelievable.
(which/ that)
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号分开。例如：
I was the nly persn in my ffice wh was invited.
2.非限制性定语从句同主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。
Last week I met Jhn, wh seemed t be very excited.
1、前者不用逗号，而后者用逗号隔开；
2、前者可用 that代替 which/ wh/whm, 而后者不用that；
3、 前者引导词做宾语时可省略，而后者不能省略引导词。
Flwers f war is ne f the mst wnderful mvies that ____ been made by Directr Zhang Yimu. ( have/ has)The Great Wall is the nly ne f the buildings n the earth that _____ seen frm the mn. ( is/ are)注意1、先行词为 ne f + 复数名词 时，定语从句用复数；先行词为 the nly ne f + 复数名词 是，定语从句用单数：注意： nt the nly ne f … = ne f … 如：Tm isn’t the nly ne f the bys wh have passed the exam.= Tm is ne f the bys wh have passed the exam.
注意2、 当先行词为 way, 且意为 “ 方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有三种形式: The way that/ in which/ 不填 he explained the sentence t us was nt difficult t understand试比较：The way that/ which/ 不填 he explained t us was quite simple.
What surprised me was nt what he said but the way _______ he said it.A which B hw C that D which
This is the secnd time _____ he has visited ur city. A that B which C when D in which
注意3、当先行词为 time 时， 意思为 “ 次数”，用关系代词 that , 做宾语时可省略
I culd hardly remember hw many times ( that) I’ve failed.