2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市第十中学高一上学期期末考试试卷 (解析版)
展开2022—2023学年度(上)沈阳市第十中学高一期末考试
英语
(答题时间:120分钟 试卷满分:150)
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where probably is Aaron?
A.In the classroom. B.At a clinic. C.In a store.
2.How does the man sound?
A.Sorry. B.Pleased. C.Worried.
3.How old is the man’s mother?
A.50 years old. B.52 years old. C.55 years old.
4.What is the conversation mainly about?
A.Recent news. B.The weather. C.A plan.
5.Why does the woman leave early?
A.To avoid getting stuck in traffic.
B.To pick up a friend.
C.To buy something.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What kind of flowers is the man unwilling to buy?
A.Champagne roses. B.White lilies. C.Sunflowers.
7.Who is Vicky?
A.The man’s wife. B.The man’s boss. C.The man’s friend.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What benefit does the woman think humor has?
A.It promotes cooperation.
B.It adds joy to life.
C.It reduces pressure.
9.How does the man get enjoyment?
A.By reading funny stories
B.By listening to jokes.
C.By watching comedies.
10.When will the speakers meet on Saturday evening?
A.At 7:00. B.At 7:15. C.At 7:30.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What’s the most important as a designer according to the man?
A.Being hard-working.
B.Being creative.
C.Being intelligent.
12.What did the man want to be when he was a child?
A.A pilot. B.A doctor. C.A designer.
13.What will the man talk about next?
A.The present working conditions.
B.Ways to find jobs.
C.Skills that new employees need.
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
14.What are the speakers discussing?
A.Buying a new apartment.
B.Selling some unused machines.
C.Renewing an old house.
15.What does the woman plan to do?
A.Get a new air conditioner.
B.Buy a refrigerator.
C.Have the curtains cleaned.
16.How does Noah probably feel in the end?
A.Impatient. B.Guilty. C.Curious.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What made Luosifen become famous at first?
A.A documentary.
B.The development of e-commerce.
C.An online eating show.
18.When did China have the first company to sell packaged Luosifen?
A.In 2017. B.In 2014. C.In 2012.
19.What do we know about Shaxian snacks?
A.They are inexpensive snacks.
B.They are more like a cooking style.
C.Different shops have the same menu.
20.What did the local government do for Shaxian snacks in 1997?
A.It founded the Shaxian Snack Bureau.
B.It applied for UNESCO’s recognition of them.
C.It solved most food safety problems of them.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
A
Sagrada Familia (2,056,448 visits/year)
Opening hours: 09:00 — 18:00 (October to March); 09:00 — 20:00 (April to September)
Admission: $ 11, or $ 10 with the Barcelona Card.
Disabled Access: Yes.
The temple has been under construction since 1882 and they’ve still got another 30 to 80 years to go before it is finished. The project’s vast scale and its special design have made it one of Barcelona’s top tourist attractions for many years.
La Pe dre ra (1,133,220 visits/year)
Opening hours: November to February: 09:00 — 18:30; March to October: 09:00 — 20:00
Admission: $ 9.50. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.
Disabled Access: No.
This building used to be called Casa Mila but nowadays it’s more commonly known as La Pedrera. It is a unique modernist building in Barcelona and was made of bricks and colorful tiles(瓦). It was built between 1906 and 1912 by famous Catalan architect Antoni Gaudi (1852—1926) and in 1984 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site with other Gaudi buildings in Barcelona.
B arce lona FC Museum (1,032,763 visits/year)
Opening hours: 6th April to 4th October: (Monday to Saturday) 10:00 — 20:00; the rest of the year: 10:00 — 18:30
Admission: $8.50 for entry to the museum and $17 for a guided tour.
Disabled Access: Yes.
When you buy your ticket you have two options. You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium or you can buy a dual (双的) ticket for $15 where you get to see the museum and the scenes at the club.
Miro Museum (518,869 visits/year)
Opening hours: Check the website for details as they vary depending on the time of the year.
Admission: $8. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.
Disabled Access: Yes.
This museum has a wide range of Miro’s works dating back as far as 1914. This artwork collection not only includes his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures.
1. Which of the following attractions is the most popular with people?
A. Sagrada Familia B. La Pedrera
C. Barcelona FC Museum D. Miro Museum
2. If you visit the stadium and the club with a tour guide in Barcelona FC Museum, you should pay _____.
A. $ 25.5 B. $ 32
C. $ 42.5 D. $ 34
3. What do the attractions have in common?
A. They are all famous for their architectural style.
B. They are available for the disabled people.
C. Their opening hours are changeable in different seasons.
D. Tourists can have a discount of 20% with the Barcelona Card.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个景点的开放时间,票价,以及特色等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。在小标题“Sagrada Familia”的内容里,根据“The project’s vast scale and its special design have made it one of Barcelona’s top tourist attractions for many years.(这个项目巨大的规模和它特殊的设计已经很多年使它成为Barcelona的顶级旅游景点之一)”可知,Sagrada Familia是最受欢迎的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“$8.50 for entry to the museum and $17 for a guided tour.(进博物馆8.5元,带导游的参观17元)”和“You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium or you can buy a dual (双的) ticket for $15 where you get to see the museum and the scenes at the club.(你可以买一张博物馆的票去看足球场或者买一张15美元的双票去看博物馆和俱乐部的场景。)”可知如果跟导游参观体育场和俱乐部的话就应该是买17美元的票和15美元的票。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中“Sagrada Familia Opening hours: 09:00 — 18:00 (October to March); 09:00 — 20:00 (April to September) ”“La Pedrera Opening hours: November to February: 09:00 — 18:30; March to October: 09:00 — 20:00”“Miro Museum Opening hours: Check the website for details as they vary depending on the time of the year.”可知开放时间随季节而变。故选C项。
B
It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black Friday morning. They had advertised a child’s bike that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a very large crowd, waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It was like throwing a basket of chum into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too.
As the boxes of bikes began to gradually decrease, I saw my opportunity to wrap my hands around the corner of one of them, I lifted it off and suddenly felt some mild resistance(抵抗). I looked up to see one of the largest men I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not enough to describe his presence. He was decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons around both arms and even his neck.
I started to loosen the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. He then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said, “Merry Christmas.”
My wife and I went to the checkout, paid for the bike and went home. All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I had ever received. The kindness of a human heart in a simple act of a stranger broke all preconceived notions(先入为主的观念) I may have had. I will never forget it.
4. What does the underlined word“chum”mean in paragraph 1?
A. Gifts. B. Souvenirs. C. Goods D. Food.
5. Why did the author loosen the box when seeing the man?
A. The author was frightened by the man. B. The man needed it more.
C. The author didn’t want to buy it. D. The man got the box first.
6. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Shopping Experience B. The Best Christmas Gift
C. An Unforgettable Bike D. The Largest Man I Have Ever See
7. What can we learn from the text?
A. Industry is the parent of success. B. No rose without a thorn.(刺)
C. No way is impossible to courage. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。当地百货商店在 Black Friday 促销,作者夫妇希望给儿子买一辆打折的自行车作为圣诞礼物。在争抢过程中一位壮汉把自行车让给了作者,这令作者非常感动,也改变了作者原有的先入为主的观念。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据句意和作者此处所用比喻可知,向“鲨鱼池(a tank of sharks)”里扔的肯定是食物。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的句子“I looked up to see one of the largest men I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not enough to describe his presence. He was decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons around both arms and even his neck.(我抬起头,看到了我这辈子见过的最大的男人之一。恐怖不足以形容他的存在。他的双臂甚至脖子上都装饰着许多带金属纽扣的皮带)”可知,这位和作者一同抓住箱子的男士身材壮硕,穿着怪异,由此推断作者有点胆怯,不由自主就松开了手。故选A项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容和最后一段中的句子“All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I had ever received.(回家的路上,我一直在想,这一刻是我迄今为止收到的最好的圣诞礼物)”可知,文章背景是圣诞节期间,一位陌生人主动把自行车让给作者,作者非常感动,感觉这是自己收到的最好的圣诞礼物,由此可知B项“最好的圣诞礼物”作为文章的题目不仅切合文章主题,而且能够吸引读者兴趣。D项“我见过的最高大的人”和C项“一辆难忘的自行车”关注的方向偏离主题;A项“一次购物经历”略显平淡,没有突出文章主题。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段作者的描述“I looked up to see one of the largest men I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not enough to describe his presence. He was decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons around both arms and even his neck.(我抬起头,看到了我这辈子见过的最大的男人之一。恐怖不足以形容他的存在。他的双臂甚至脖子上都装饰着许多带金属纽扣的皮带)”可知, 作者认为这个人很可怕;但接下来这个人的举动“I started to loosen the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. He then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said, ‘Merry Christmas.’(我开始松开盒子,但他轻轻地把它推回我的方向,推回到我手中。然后他把它放进了我的购物车。他看着我,微笑着说:‘圣诞快乐’)”表明,这个人非常友好和善良。所以我们不能以貌取人。故选D项。
C
The first selection of Understanding China, a series of books telling the stories of contemporary China, was presented to US readers for the first time since their publication at the 2018 BookExpo America(BEA)in New York.
"Telling the stories of China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China's communication with the rest of the world through a series of books is the best way to help those who care about China acquire new knowledge," said Zheng Bijian, head of the editorial board. The books presented at the BEA consist of 15 Chinese versions and seven English versions.
Zheng says that he strongly recommends the books. "The writers do not exaggerate (夸大) the achievements China has made, nor do they shy away from questions that China faces," Zheng explained. "And the books are not simply the authors' academic works, but include stories, which are easy for readers to understand."
In terms of topics and expressions, the books take into full consideration foreign readers' way of thinking, and the English translations try to meet foreign readers' reading habits. The authors are confident that the series will he accepted and valued by friends in various sectors, and will provide a wealth of information for the international community in understanding Chinese culture and choices, and adapting to the development of China.
In her speech, Dawn Nakagawa, Executive Vice President of the Berggruen Institute, highly praised the academic quality and value of the series. "For far too long, we have let ideological (思想体系的) differences blind us to our common future and the benefits of working together. Indeed we have very different political systems," said Nakagawa. "If we listen to each other and are willing to learn from each other perhaps, it would benefit both of our governance systems."
Their next publishing plan is to invite world-famous scholars and politicians to write books on the theme from their points of view.
8. Whom is the Understanding China series intended for?
A. US readers. B. Chinese readers.
C. International readers. D. Scholars and politicians.
9. In Zheng Bijian's opinion, the Understanding China series is ________.
A. objective and vivid B. relaxing and creative
C. official and educative D. academic and difficult
10. What is the key to our common future according to Dawn Nakagawa?
A. Perfection of the political system. B. Communication and cooperation.
C. Improvement in academic quality. D. Understanding of cultural differences.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. New China, New Achievements B. Better Understanding, Better China
C. BookExpo America to Be Continued D. New Books on Understanding China
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是介绍讲述当代中国故事的系列丛书《了解中国》。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“In terms of topics and expressions, the books take into full consideration foreign readers' way of thinking, and the English translations try to meet foreign readers' reading habits.(在主题和表达方式上,本书充分考虑了外国读者的思维方式,英文译本尽量符合外国读者的阅读习惯)”和第二段第一句“Telling the stories of China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China’s communication with the rest of the world through a series of books is the best way to help those who care about China acquire new knowledge (通过丛书讲述中国、中国共产党以及中国与世界交流的故事,是帮助关心中国的人获得新知识的最佳途径)”可知,《了解中国》系列面向国际读者。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“The writers do not exaggerate (夸大) the achievements China has made, nor do they shy away from questions that China faces (作家不夸张中国取得的成就,也不回避中国面临的问题)”可知,这一系列书很客观,根据第三段第三句“And the books are not simply the authors’ academic works, but include stories, which are easy for readers to understand.(而这一系列书不仅仅是作者的学术作品,还包括故事,读者很容易理解)”可知,这一系列书很生动。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“If we listen to each other and are willing to learn from each other perhaps, it would benefit both of our governance systems.(如果我们互相倾听,并愿意互相学习,也许对我们两个治理体系都有好处)”可知,Dawn Nakagawa表示,沟通与合作是我们共同未来的关键。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The first selection of Understanding China, a series of books telling the stories of contemporary China, was presented to US readers for the first time since their publication at the 2018 BookExpo America(BEA)in New York.”(《了解中国》是讲述当代中国故事的系列丛书,自2018年纽约美国书展(BEA)出版以来,首次向美国读者呈现)”可知,文章主要是介绍讲述当代中国故事的系列丛书《了解中国》。故选D。
D
A new study, out of Japan's Fukuoka University and presented at the American Academy of Neurology's72nd Annual Meeting in April,2020, is so interesting. The researchers found that playing ping pong may lead to significant improvements in Parkinson's symptoms.
“Ping pong, which is also called table tennis, is a form of aerobic (有氧的) exercise that has been shown in the general population to improve hand-eye coordination , sharpen reflexes, and stimulate the brain," said study author Ken-ichi Inoue, M.D., of Fukuoka University. “We wanted to examine if people with Parkinson 's disease would see similar benefits that may in turn reduce some of their symptoms. "
The study included 12 people (an average age of 73) with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease, who had been diagnosed with Parkinson's for seven years on average. The participants were tested at the beginning of the study to assess the type and degree of symptoms they had. They then had a ping pong session once a week. The sessions included stretching exercises and specific ping pong exercises led by experienced table tennis players from the department of Sports Science of Fukuoka University.
The symptoms were then assessed again at three months and six months (at the end of the study), and during that period participants experienced significant improvements in speech, handwriting, getting dressed, getting out of bed and walking. For example, it took participants an average of more than two attempts to get out of bed at the beginning of the study compared to an average of one attempt at the end of the study. They also had significant improvements in facial expression, posture, rigidity (僵硬), slowness of movement and hand trembles.
“While this study is small, the results are encouraging because they show ping pong, a relatively inexpensive form of therapy, may improve some symptoms of Parkinson's disease,” said Inoue. “A much larger study is now being planned to confirm these findings.”
12. Why does the author feel the new study is interesting?
A. Ping pong is a sport of great interest.
B. The process of the study is easy and relaxing.
C. The combination between sports and diseases is funny.
D. It excites curiosity that ping pong should improve Parkinson's.
13. Which aspect do the 12 participants have in common?
A. Age. B. Gender. C. Disease. D. Degree.
14. How many times have the participants been assessed altogether?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
15. What will Inoue probably do next according to the last paragraph?
A. Try other sports to draw new conclusions.
B. Get more people involved to further prove the findings.
C. Expand the range of diseases to match with ping pong.
D. Find out more connections between sports and diseases.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本福冈大学的一项新研究。研究人员发现,打乒乓球可能会显著改善帕金森症的症状。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new study, out of Japan's Fukuoka University and presented at the American Academy of Neurology's72nd Annual Meeting in April,2020, is so interesting. The researchers found that playing ping pong may lead to significant improvements in Parkinson's symptoms.(日本福冈大学在2020年4月举行的美国神经学学会第72届年会上发表的一项新研究非常有趣。研究人员发现,打乒乓球可能会显著改善帕金森症的症状)”可推知,作者认为这项新研究很有趣,因为用打乒乓球这种廉价的方式可以改善帕金森症,它激起了人们的好奇和兴致。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study included 12 people (an average age of 73) with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease, who had been diagnosed with Parkinson's for seven years on average. The participants were tested at the beginning of the study to assess the type and degree of symptoms they had.(这项研究包括12名患有轻度至中度帕金森病的人(平均年龄73岁),他们被诊断患有帕金森病的平均时间为7年。在研究开始时,参与者接受了测试,以评估他们的症状的类型和程度)”可知,这12个参与者都患有帕金森病。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The participants were tested at the beginning of the study to assess the type and degree of symptoms they had.(在研究开始时,参与者接受了测试,以评估他们的症状的类型和程度)”及第四段中的“The symptoms were then assessed again at three months and six months (at the end of the study),(然后在三个月和六个月(在研究结束时)再次评估症状)”可知,参加实验的人员测试周期为6个月,分别在开始、第3个月和第6个月(结束时)进行3次评估。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A much larger study is now being planned to confirm these findings.(一项更大规模的研究正在计划中,以证实这些发现)”可推知,Inoue可能会让更多的人参与进来进一步证明研究结果。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5 分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s easy to stick to eating the same foods every day, especially if you love them. ____16____
Eating the same foods can lead to nutritional shortage. Our bodies need a wide range of nutrients, and eating a wide variety of foods can help us meet our body’s needs. ____17____ Almost everyone would agree that “eat the rainbow” is a good rule of thumb. Don’t forget frozen vegetables are just as healthy as fresh and they don’t spoil as quickly.
Your immune (免疫) system will get hurt if you keep eating the same foods. According to a study published in the British Journal of Nutrition, the enhanced nutrition from a varied diet seems to boost immunity. ____18____ People whose diets have little variation are more likely to get sick due to a weakened immune system.
Sticking to eating the same foods leads to food boredom. ____19____ It should be something you look forward to. Changing up what you eat exposes you to great new foods and new recipes, and helps bring back the fun in eating.
____20____ We see a lot of people focus on a single nutrient or food because it attracts media fame. And while all foods are to be celebrated for their unique nutritional quality, assigning yourself to a limited list of foods because they are the most well-known or well described will box you in and close you off from various other vital nutrients.
A. Food should be fun!
B. This helps people resist infections.
C. But it may not be the best thing for your health.
D. You should eat a plant-based diet and eat less meat.
E. Eating the same foods restricts your nutritional sources.
F. Though tasty, they can’t provide the nutrition you need.
G. Eat the colors of the rainbow when it comes to fruit and vegetables.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了吃单一食物的坏处和吃各种各样食物的好处。
【16题详解】
上文“It’s easy to stick to eating the same foods every day, especially if you love them.”(坚持每天吃同样的食物很容易,特别是如果你喜欢它们。)说你很容易只吃同一种食物,下文“Eating the same foods can lead to nutritional shortage.”(吃同样的食物会导致营养不足。)说一直吃同样的食物的坏处,空处起着承上启下的作用。选项C. But it may not be the best thing for your health.(但这可能不是对您的健康最好的事情)符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
下文“Almost everyone would agree that “eat the rainbow” is a good rule of thumb.”(几乎每个人都会同意“吃彩虹”是一个很好的经验法则)说明吃颜色多姿多彩的食物是一个法则,即建议我们要吃各种各样的不同颜色的食物,选项G. Eat the colors of the rainbow when it comes to fruit and vegetables.(说到水果和蔬菜,请吃彩虹那样多姿多彩的颜色)符合题意,rainbow是关键词。故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“According to a study published in the British Journal of Nutrition, the enhanced nutrition from a varied diet seems to boost immunity.”(根据发表在《英国营养学杂志》上的一项研究,通过多样化的饮食来增强营养似乎可以提高免疫力。)说明来自不同种类食物的营养,能增强我们的免疫力,即它能帮助我们抵抗感染,选项B. This helps people resist infections.(这有助于人们抵抗感染)符合题意。故选B。
【19题详解】
下文“Changing up what you eat exposes you to great new foods and new recipes, and helps bring back the fun in eating.”(改变你吃的东西会让你接触到很棒的新食物和新食谱,并有助于恢复饮食的乐趣。)说明食物或饮食应该是有趣的,选项A. Food should be fun!(食物应该很有趣!)符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
下文“We see a lot of people focus on a single nutrient or food because it attracts media fame. And while all foods are to be celebrated for their unique nutritional quality, assigning yourself to a limited list of foods because they are the most well-known or well described will box you in and close you off from various other vital nutrients.”(我们看到很多人只关注一种营养素或食物,因为它吸引了媒体的关注。虽然所有食物都因其独特的营养品质而备受赞誉,但因为它们是最知名或最有名的食物而将自己食物清单列表变得有限,会让你陷入困境,让你远离各种其他重要的营养物质。)说明单一饮食会限制你的营养来源,选项E. Eating the same foods restricts your nutritional sources.(吃同样的食物会限制你的营养来源。)符合题意。故选E。
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A 、B、C 和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I visited my sister’s family yesterday. When I arrived there, my 14-year-old nephew looked quite ____21____. When asked about the reason, he said he was going to take an exam. I was not____22____ after listening to his explanation.
I know it is commonplace to____23____ anxious thoughts before an examination or during the examination. Moderate levels of stress____24____us to work hard, overcome our limitations and give our best____25____. However, when we are overly distressed, we may feel like a complete failure and see no____26____in making an effort.
As a society which now believes firmly in ____27____, achieving, and winning, we might____28____ turn examinations into larger-than-life events. We seem to ____29____ the fact that an examination is just something used to tell us how well we have grasped a particular curriculum and where we need to improve in that specific curriculum. Whatever the____30____of an examination we have got, they cannot change who we are and what we will do in our lives. Therefore, ____31____we fail to perform well, we must____32____ ourselves that it is just one exam in our long life and it is not going to be the end of the world.
Comparing ourselves with others brings a lot of fear in our mind and prevents our____33____. Rather than thinking about either defeating others or getting defeated by them, we should____34____this unhealthy thought and make self-perfection our long-term goal. Let’s always strive to____35____ourselves and realize our internal potential.
21. A. energetic B. happy C. confused D. uneasy
22. A. willing B. disappointed C. grateful D. surprised
23. A. experience B. deny C. remove D. read
24. A. cheat B. motivate C. discourage D. threaten
25. A. explanation B. wish C. performance D. expectation
26. A. difficulty B. hope C. regret D. harm
27. A. competing B. relaxing C. helping D. understanding
28. A. eagerly B. kindly C. wrongly D. luckily
29. A. prove B. forget C. discover D. accept
30. A. results B. benefits C. requirements D. characteristics
31. A. unless B. because C. until D. if
32. A. warn B. prevent C. remind D. promise
33 A. action B. sense C. progress D. talent
34. A. stimulate B. possess C. attempt D. drop
35. A. improve B. teach C. express D. behave
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,主要讲的是作者的侄子因为考试而焦虑,作者在文中论述了应该如何正确地对待考试。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我到达那里时,我14岁的侄子看起来很不安。A. energetic精力充沛的;B. happy高兴的;C. confused困惑的;D. uneasy不安的。根据下文“anxious thoughts before an examination or during the examination”可知,因为要考试了,作者侄子看起来很不安。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:听了他的解释,我并不感到惊讶。A. willing愿意的;B. disappointed失望的;C. grateful感激的;D. surprised惊讶。根据下文“it is commonplace to____3____ anxious thoughts before an examination or during the examination”可知,侄子因为考试感到不安,对此作者不觉得惊讶。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道考试前或考试中焦虑是很常见的。A. experience经历;B. deny否认;C. remove去除;D. read读。根据下文“anxious thoughts”可知,此处表示“我知道考试前或考试中焦虑是很常见的”,空格处用“经历”,表示考试前或考试中有焦虑的想法。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:适度的压力会激励我们努力工作,克服我们的局限,拿出最好的表现。A. cheat欺骗;B. motivate激励;C. discourage阻碍;D. threaten威胁。根据下文“to work hard, overcome our limitations”可知,适度的压力会激励我们努力工作。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:适度的压力会激励我们努力工作,克服我们的局限,拿出最好的表现。A. explanation解释;B. wish希望;C. performance表现;D. expectation期待。根据上文“overcome our limitations”可知,此处表示“克服我们的局限,拿出最好的表现”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,当我们过度忧虑时,我们可能会觉得自己是一个彻底的失败者,看不到努力的希望。A. difficulty困难;B. hope希望;C. regret后悔;D. harm伤害。根据上文“we may feel like a complete failure”可知,当我们过度忧虑时,我们可能会觉得自己是一个彻底的失败者,看不到努力的希望。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个坚信竞争、成就和胜利的社会,我们可能会错误地把考试变成比生命更重要的事情。A. competing竞争;B. relaxing放松;C. helping帮助;D. understanding理解。根据下文“achieving, and winning”可知,此处表示“作为一个坚信竞争、成就和胜利的社会”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:作为一个坚信竞争、成就和胜利的社会,我们可能会错误地把考试变成比生命更重要的事情。A. eagerly急切地;B. kindly仁慈地;C. wrongly错误地;D. luckily幸运地。根据下文“turn examinations into larger-than-life events”可知,把考试变成比生命更重要的事情,这是错误的。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们似乎忘记了一个事实,考试只是用来告诉我们对特定课程的掌握程度,以及我们在特定课程中需要改进的地方。A. prove证明;B. forget忘记;C. discover发现;D. accept接受。根据上文“we might____8____ turn examinations into larger-than-life events”可知,我们似乎忘记了一个事实,考试只是用来告诉我们对特定课程的掌握程度,以及我们在特定课程中需要改进的地方。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论我们考试的结果如何,都不能改变我们是谁,也不能改变我们在生活中要做什么。A. results结果;B. benefits利益;C. requirements要求;D. characteristics特征。根据下文“we have got, they cannot change who we are and what we will do in our lives”可知,无论我们考试的结果如何,都不能改变我们是谁,也不能改变我们在生活中要做什么。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意:因此,如果我们没有表现好,我们必须提醒自己,这只是我们漫长人生中的一场考试,这不会是世界末日。A. unless除非;B. because因为;C. until直到;D. if如果。根据下文“we must____12____ ourselves that it is just one exam in our long life and it is not going to be the end of the world”可知,如果我们没有表现好,我们必须提醒自己,这只是我们漫长人生中的一场考试,这不会是世界末日。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:因此,如果我们没有表现好,我们必须提醒自己,这只是我们漫长人生中的一场考试,这不会是世界末日。A. warn警告;B. prevent阻止;C. remind提醒;D. promise答应。根据下文“ourselves that it is just one exam in our long life and it is not going to be the end of the world”可知,如果我们没有表现好,我们必须提醒自己,这只是我们漫长人生中的一场考试,这不会是世界末日。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:把自己和别人比较会给我们带来很多恐惧,阻碍我们的进步。A. action行动;B. sense感觉官能;C. progress进步;D. talent才能。根据上文“brings a lot of fear in our mind”可知,把自己和别人比较会给我们带来很多恐惧,阻碍我们的进步。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:与其想着打败别人或被别人打败,我们应该放弃这种不健康的想法,把自我完善作为我们的长期目标。A. stimulate刺激;B. possess拥有;C. attempt企图;D. drop放弃。根据上文“Rather than thinking about either defeating others or getting defeated by them”和下文“make self-perfection our long-term goal”可知,此处表示“我们应该放弃这种不健康的想法”。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:让我们永远努力提高自己,实现我们的内在潜力。A. improve提高;B. teach教;C. express表达;D. behave表现。根据下文“realize our internal potential”可知,句子表示“让我们永远努力提高自己,实现我们的内在潜力”。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的 词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Elephants are one of the most intelligent creatures on the earth. Across Africa they have inspired respect from people ____36____share the landscape with them, giving them strong ____37____ (culture) significance. They’re very important species, playing ____38____important role in maintaining the biodiversity of ecosystems.
During the dry season, elephants use their tusks ____39____ (dig) for water. This not only allows the elephants to survive in dry environments, but also____40____ (provide) water for other animals that share the harsh habitats.
When forest elephants eat, they create gaps in the vegetation. These gaps allow new plants to grow and create pathways for smaller animals to use. They’re also one of the major ____41____ (way) in which trees spread their seeds; some species rely ____42____(entire) upon elephants for seed spreading.
Wherever they live, elephants leave dung (粪便) that is filled ____43____ seeds from the plants they eat. When the dung gets into the soil, the seeds are sown and grow into new grasses, bushes and trees,____44____ (improve) the health of the savannah (稀树草原) ecosystem.
Sadly, we’re losing elephants worldwide, especially in Africa, due to illegal hunting. Action should _____45_____ (take) to protect this species.
【答案】36. who##that
37. cultural
38. an 39. to dig
40. provides
41. ways 42. entirely
43. with 44. improving
45. be taken
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大象这一物种,作为地球上最聪明的生物之一,在维护生态系统的生物多样性方面发挥着重要作用。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:在整个非洲,大象受到了与它们共享风景的人们的尊重,赋予了它们强烈的文化意义。分析句子结构,此处考查限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people,指人,在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意:在整个非洲,大象受到了与它们共享风景的人们的尊重,赋予了它们强烈的文化意义。空后是名词significance,所以该空要填形容词,即cultural,表示“文化的”,作定语修饰名词。故填cultural。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意:它们是非常重要的物种,在维护生态系统的生物多样性方面发挥着重要作用。根据空前提示“play”和空后提示“important role in”,该空填冠词an,构成短语play an important role in,表示“在……方面起重要作用”。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语。句意:在旱季,大象用象牙挖水。分析句子结构,本句子的谓语动词是use,所以该空要填非谓语动词;由句意可知,此处应填不定式,即to dig,作目的状语。故填to dig。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意:这不仅使大象能够在干燥的环境中生存,而且还为其他共享恶劣栖息地的动物提供了水源。该句子是“not only…but also…”句型连接两个句子,空处在but also后面的句子中作谓语,,根据提示动词“allows”可知时态为一般现在时,主语This是单数,所以填provides。故填provides。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:它们也是树木传播种子的主要方式之一;有些物种完全依靠大象传播种子。根据提示词“one of”,空处填名词的复数形式ways。故填ways。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意:它们也是树木传播种子的主要方式之一;有些物种完全依靠大象传播种子。分析句子结构,该空在句中作状语,修饰动词短语rely upon,所以要用其副词形式,即entirely,表示“完全,全部地”。故填entirely。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意:无论大象生活在哪里,它们都会留下粪便,里面装满了它们吃的植物的种子。根据空前提示“is filled”,该空填介词with,构成固定短语be filled with,表示“充满”。故填with。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语。句意:当粪便进入土壤时,种子被播种并长成新的草、灌木和树木,从而保护了稀树草原的生态系统。分析句子结构,该空要填非谓语动词;improve的逻辑主语是前面的句子,为主谓关系,此处填现在分词improving,作结果状语。故填improving。
【45题详解】
考查语态。句意:应该采取行动保护这个物种。由句意可知,主语action和动词take之间是被动关系,空前是情态动词should,所以该空要填be taken,和should一起构成情态动词的被动。故填be taken。
第三部分写作(共两节,满分40 分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华,你校文学社团下周将举办一场关于英国文学的阅读分享活动。请写信邀请你的交换生好友 Linda 参加此次活动,内容包括:
1. 发出邀请;2. 活动安排;3. 表达期待。
注意:1. 词数 80 左右;2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Linda,
How are you doing?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】
Linda,
How are you doing? I am writing to invite you to join in the read-and-share activity by our School Literature Club.
The activity is to be held in the lecture hall at 3 p.m next Wednesday. It is intended to awake the student’s interest in English literature and broaden their mind. In the activity, it is the club members that will take their turns to share their favorite classic English books and some effective reading methods.
We sincerely hope that you can join us and give us some guidance on English reading.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生好友Linda写信,邀请她参加校文学社团下周举办的一场关于英国文学的阅读分享活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加:join in→attend
举行:hold→take place
意图是:be intended to do→be designed to do
真诚地:sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:I am writing to invite you to join in the read-and-share activity by our School Literature Club.
拓展句:I am writing to invite you to join in the read-and-share activity that will be held by our School Literature Club.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In the activity, it is the club members that will take their turns to share their favorite classic English books and some effective reading methods.(运用了强调句型It is+被强调部分+that+其它部分)
【高分句型2】We sincerely hope that you can join us and give us some guidance on English reading.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一个完整的故事,续写短文的词数为 150 左右。
Amy is good at making pies, which got her hired at the Good Times restaurant months ago. And she was often regarded as the best worker there. Recently, she became the supervisor at the restaurant. She was kind and friendly to all the other workers and the customers.
One morning, Amy was taking orders when she overheard a conversation. “What you did there was great, Mason! It was hard to carry the old lady safely out of the fire. For a moment, I thought you were gone, my friend,” one man said. To this, the other man replied, “Yeah, it was difficult, but that’s our job. And you were the hero today, Gordon. You carried that girl on your shoulder and her dog in your hand. It’s going to be on the front page tomorrow, I’m telling you.”
From their clothing and conversation, Amy knew they were firefighters. And she quickly realized that they had been talking about the previous night’s fire at the old motel on the other end of the road. Then the man named Gordon continued, “I don’t care about being in the papers. The little girl and her dog reminded me of my own daughter. She’s constantly asking for a dog, too.” Amy was moved by the courage and sincerity of the two men. She wanted to show her appreciation for their selfless service.
Paragraph 1:
“How about helping pay for their meal?” she wondered.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Then she went to the cashier and secretly paid for their meal.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 “How about helping pay for their meal?” she wondered. After taking the order Amy sat down at a table, got out of a pen and a piece of paper and wrote on the paper, “You are my hero; you are the hero of the city. You are always thinking of others, often risking your life to help others. What I can do for you today is nothing compared to what you did last night. I want to express my appreciation to all of you for your heroic conduct.” Having finished writing the note, Amy got up from the table, glancing at the two firefighters with admiration.
Then she went to the cashier and secretly paid for their meal. She asked the cashier not to tell them who had paid for their meal but just give them the note. About half an hour later, the two firefighters finished their meal and went to the cashier to pay for their meal. But they were told that someone had already paid for them. The firefighters looked at the cashier in surprise. The cashier handed them the note. Looking at the note, the firefighters knew what had happened. “Please convey our thanks to this kind person,” said the firefighters. After saying this, they left the restaurant.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。艾米是一家餐厅的主管,一天她偶然听到两个消防队员的对话,知道他们就是在前一天晚上的大火中救人的英雄。于是艾米决定为他们买单,并给他们留字条来表达对他们的敬佩之情。消防队员知道后也请收银员转达他们的谢意。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“‘帮他们付饭钱怎么样?’她想。”可知,第一段可描写艾米想为消防队员买单并表达对消防队员的敬佩之情。
②由第二段首句内容“然后她走到收银台,偷偷地付了钱。”可知,第二段可描写消防队员去买单时被告知已经有人为他们买单了;通过艾米留的字条,消防队员知道了一切,并请收银员转达他们的谢意。
2.续写线索:听到消防队员的对话——知道了他们的英勇行为——决定为他们买单——写字条表达敬佩之情——为他们买单——消防队员表达感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①站起:get up/rise
②瞥一眼:glance/glimpse
③发生:happen/occur
情绪类
①感谢:appreciation/gratitude
②惊讶地:in surprise/surprisedly
【点睛】[高分句型1]What I can do for you today is nothing compared to what you did last night.(运用了两个what从句,第一个作主语,第二个作宾语)
[高分句型2]Having finished writing the note, Amy got up from the table, glancing at the two firefighters with admiration.(having finished现在分词的完成时作时间状语;glancing现在分词作伴随状语)
[高分句型3]But they were told that someone had already paid for them. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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