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2022-2023学年江苏省丹阳市高一上学期期中统考英语试卷 （解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省丹阳市高一上学期期中统考英语试卷 （解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一期中质量检测试卷
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing?
A. Having breakfast. B. Working. C. Sleeping.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some mountains. B. The weather. C. A painting.
3. How does the man sound?
A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Sorry.
4. What will the man do after school tomorrow?
A. Go to a party. B. Write a report. C. Attend a meeting.
5. Why won’t the woman buy the shoes now?
A. She dislikes them. B. She can’t afford them. C. She has bought two pairs.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the woman think of Too Cool to Kill?
A. It was interesting. B. It was moving. C. It was boring.
7. What did the main character do in Nice View?
A. He fought bad guys. B. He realized his dream. C. He brought up his brother.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man doing?
A. Paying some bills. B. Opening a savings account. C. Putting money into his bank account.
9. Why does the man need a credit card?
A. To pay for gas. B. To buy a new phone. C. To get online service.
10. What will the man give the woman?
A. His driving license. B. His passport. C. His ID card.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Which club has the woman joined?
A. The science club. B. The reading club. C. The acting club.
12. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Watch Forrest Gump. B. Visit the reading club. C. Prepare for her exams.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Publisher and writer. B. Director and actor. C. Classmates.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where might the speakers be?
A. At a TV studio. B. At a radio station. C. At the man’s company.
15. When did Alan Sugar establish Amstrad?
A. In 1980. B. In 1970. C. In 1968.
16. What did Amstrad begin to make in 1984?
A. Personal computers. B. Large equipment. C. Trucks.
17. What does Alan Sugar suggest doing in the end?
A. Exercising regularly. B. Preparing in advance. C. Following your dream.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did Joseph go on his first trip overseas?
A. Britain. B. America. C. Spain.
19. Why did Joseph want to visit the Nou Camp?
A. To watch a game. B. To try the local food. C. To enjoy the special culture.
20. How many more countries does Joseph have to visit to reach his target?
A.60. B.50. C.40.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you’ve never learned the stories behind the names of various South American countries, you might be surprised by some of their historical roots.
Ecuador
Once upon a time, the whole region where the country of Ecuador now exists was named Quito, which is the name of its current capital. The name “Quito” is a nod to the indigenous (本地的) Quito people who lived there in pre-Columbian times, dating back to as far as 2000 BC. Ecuador, as we know it today, is Spanish for “equator” (赤道). In 1735, French scientists came to measure the equator in order to, essentially, carry out a proxy war between Newton and Descartes. Newton believed the earth was flattened at the poles, and Descartes believed it was squeezed at the equator. Eventually, the French pinpointed the equator and proved Newton right.
Venezuela
Believe it or not, the name “Venezuela” is actually believed to be a nod to Venice—yes, the watery city in Italy. As far as we know, this name might have come from Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci. In1499, a naval (海军的) expedition was exploring Lake Maracaibo when they noticed the dwellings of the indigenous Alu people, who built their homes on stilts (支柱) above the water. These structures reminded Vespucci of home (or of Venice, to be more specific).
Argentina
You probably didn’t think this had to do with precious metals, did you? The name “Argentina” actually came from the Latin argentum (银), which means “silver”. In the 1520s, Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot learned of the mythical “Sierra de la Plata”—or a mountain with a jackpot’s worth of silver. It could only be accessed through an estuary (河口) in the south of the continent, which he named Silver River. Cabot never did find this rumored mountain, but the name he gave the river stuck, along with “Argentina”, or The Land of Silver.
1. What did French scientists do in 1735?
A. Named the place. B. Carried out a war.
C. Explored the region. D. Did research on the equator.
2. What can we know about Venezuela?
A. It’s far from the equator. B. It’s more developed than Italy.
C. It’s a country built on the mountains. D. It’s connected with an Italian explorer.
3. From which did the name “Argentina” come?
A. A kind of metal. B. A local song.
C. A legend. D. A mountain.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了南美几个国家名字背后的故事，以及它们的一些历史根源。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 1735, French scientists came to measure the equator in order to, essentially, carry out a proxy war between Newton and Descartes. Newton believed the earth was flattened at the poles, and Descartes believed it was squeezed at the equator. Eventually, the French pinpointed the equator and proved Newton right.( 1735年，法国科学家开始测量赤道，实际上是为了在牛顿和笛卡尔之间展开一场代理人战争。牛顿认为地球在两极是扁平的，而笛卡尔认为地球在赤道处是挤压的。最终，法国人确定了赤道，证明了牛顿是对的)”可知，1735年，法国科学家对赤道做了研究。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Believe it or not, the name “Venezuela” is actually believed to be a nod to Venice—yes, the watery city in Italy. As far as we know, this name might have come from Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.(信不信由你，“委内瑞拉”这个名字实际上被认为是在向威尼斯致敬——是的，意大利的水城。据我们所知，这个名字可能来自意大利探险家阿美利哥·韦斯普奇)”可知，委内瑞拉与一个意大利探险家有关。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The name ‘Argentina’ actually came from the Latin argentum (银), which means ‘silver’. In the 1520s, Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot learned of the mythical “Sierra de la Plata”—or a mountain with a jackpot’s worth of silver. It could only be accessed through an estuary (河口) in the south of the continent, which he named Silver River. Cabot never did find this rumored mountain, but the name he gave the river stuck, along with “Argentina”, or The Land of Silver. (“阿根廷”这个名字实际上来自拉丁语Argentum，意思是“银”。在十六世纪二十年代，威尼斯探险家塞巴斯蒂安·卡伯特听说了神话中的“拉普拉塔山”——或者是一座拥有相当于头奖金额的白银的山。它只能通过大陆南部的一个入海口进入，他把这个入海口命名为银河。卡伯特并没有找到传说中的这座山，但他给这条河起的名字一直沿用至今，与“阿根廷”一起，也就是白银之地)”可知，阿根廷这个名字与一种金属——银有关。故选A。
B
Every year on June 21st, World Music Day is commemorated in over 120 countries, including its birthplace of France, to honor both amateur and professional musicians. Citizens of a city or country are permitted and encouraged to perform music outside in their neighborhoods, public areas, and parks on Music Day. Free concerts are also held, where musicians perform for the joy of it rather than for a fee.
In the 1970s, American musician Joel Cohen, who was then working for a French radio station, came up with the idea of having musicians perform on the evening of June 21 to celebrate the start of summer. It was finally accepted by France’s Ministry of Culture in 1982. The day started in France and has since extended to countries such as Belgium, the United Kingdom and others. It’s the ideal time to learn a new instrument or listen to songs they wouldn’t ordinarily include on their playlist. Every type of musician can celebrate World Music Day with friends, family, and even strangers, whether they are young, elderly, new, or seasoned professionals. The purpose is to promote music.
It makes no difference how good you are at making music; everyone can do it. This day can be used by even the most tone-deaf folks to sing their hearts out and appreciate the beauty and power of music. Music is not only a great way to express yourself, but it may also be beneficial to your health. A song might bring back a joyful memory or make you feel energized when you listen to it.
4. Where did the World Music Day begin?
A. France. B. American. C. Belgium. D. China.
5. Why are some concerts held for free?
A. For reputation. B. For entertainment. C. For experience. D. For occupation.
6. What do we know about the World Music Day?
A. Those who are not expert in music are not welcome.
B. Joel Cohen put forward the idea of performing music for free.
C. The purpose of it is to instruct tone-deaf people in music.
D. You can listen to some songs not included on the playlist.
7. What’s the author’s attitude towards music?
A. Challenging. B. Critical. C. Positive. D. Sceptical.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界音乐日的情况，包括举行时间、起源以及特色等。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every year on June 21st, World Music Day is commemorated in over 120 countries, including its birthplace of France, to honor both amateur and professional musicians.(每年的6月21日，包括其诞生地法国在内的120多个国家都会纪念世界音乐日，向业余和职业音乐家致敬)”可知，世界音乐日始于法国。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Free concerts are also held, where musicians perform for the joy of it rather than for a fee.(免费音乐会也会举行，在那里音乐家们表演是为了快乐，而不是为了收费)”可知，有些音乐会免费是为了娱乐。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s the ideal time to learn a new instrument or listen to songs they wouldn’t ordinarily include on their playlist.(这是学习一种新乐器或听他们通常不会出现在播放列表中的歌曲的理想时间)”可知，世界音乐日，可以让你听一些不在播放列表中的歌曲。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music is not only a great way to express yourself, but it may also be beneficial to your health. A song might bring back a joyful memory or make you feel energized when you listen to it.(音乐不仅是一种很好的表达自己的方式，而且可能对你的健康有益。一首歌可能会勾起快乐的回忆，或者让你在听的时候感到精力充沛)”可推知，作者对音乐是积极态度。故选C。
C
We all know that drinking too much is bad for us, but what about moderate (适度) drinking?
We’ve known about the relationship between moderate drinking and good health for quite some time. Researchers have identified that people who drink a moderate amount are at a lower risk of things like heart disease and fatness than both people who drink a lot and people who never drink. It’s fairly well-established that if you look at society at large, people who drink a moderate amount are the healthiest in a number of ways.
The problem is that moderate drinking isn’t an isolated behavior (孤立的行为). You can’t easily separate moderate drinking from the people who drink moderately, which means that you can’t easily identify whether it’s actually the alcohol (酒) that’s improving people’s health or something else.
The issue is pretty obvious when you look at the people who drink moderately in all of these studies. They tend to be more educated, smoke less and in general are better off than both people who drink a lot and those who never drink. People who never drink are also different in a lot of ways, for example, illness, poverty (贫穷), and previous alcoholism.
Recent studies in Israel and New Zealand show that there probably aren’t any significant health benefits of moderate drinking. Once you get rid of the effects of society, even a small amount of drink is connected to worse health.
It seems that moderate drinking probably isn’t good for our health after all. While there may be some minor heart health benefits, alcohol is addictive (使人成瘾的) and causes damage to many other organs.
I’m going to keep drinking, but not for my health. Wine is delicious and beer is just wonderful. Drink for the taste, drink to socialise, but don’t drink because you think it’s going to heal your heart. But if possible, try to drink less.
8. What is the common belief about drinking alcohol?
A. Drinking has little to do with health. B. Moderate drinking benefits our health.
C. Drinking reduces the risk of heart disease. D. The healthier you are, the more you can drink.
9. Who is more likely to drink moderately?
A. A rich man. B. A sick man.
C. A former alcoholic. D. A poorly-educated man.
10. What do we know about drinking from the fifth paragraph?
A. Drinking is an isolated behaviour. B. Drinking is good for the society.
C. Drinking is more of a social activity. D. Drinking can cause bad health.
11. What can be the best title of this text?
A Is Alcohol Suitable for You? B. What Is Moderate Drinking?
C. Do You Know How to Drink? D. Is Moderate Drinking Healthy?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个最新研究发现：“适度饮酒有益健康”的说法是错误的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers have identified that people who drink a moderate amount are at a lower risk of things like heart disease and fatness than both people who drink a lot and people who never drink.(研究人员发现，与大量饮酒和从不饮酒的人相比，适度饮酒的人患心脏病和肥胖等疾病的风险更低)”可知，关于饮酒的普遍看法是适度饮酒有益健康。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“They tend to be more educated, smoke less and in general are better off than both people who drink a lot and those who never drink.(他们往往受教育程度更高，吸烟更少，总的来说，他们比酗酒和从不喝酒的人都更富有)”可知，适度饮酒的人往往受教育程度更高、吸烟更少，并比其他人更富有，所以有钱人更有可能适度饮酒。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Once you get rid of the effects of society, even a small amount of drink is connected to worse health.(一旦你摆脱了社会的影响，即使少量饮酒也会导致健康恶化)”可知，摆脱社会影响的话，饮酒会导致健康不良。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“We all know that drinking too much is bad for us, but what about moderate drinking?(我们都知道酗酒对我们有害，但适度饮酒又如何呢？)”以及文章内容可知，本文通过介绍了最近的研究，说明饮酒是一种社会行为，对健康没有任何益处，所以“适度饮酒是健康的吗？”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
D
Agassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior.
“The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,” Agassi said to the fans. “I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.” It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle. He grew hair long, wore colorful clothes and spat (吐口水) at an umpire (裁判). Over the years, he has made bad jokes during news conferences.
Asked what he would say to his 17-year-old self, Agassi answered, “I would say, I understand you a lot more than I want to be you.”
The turning point in Agassi’s career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly won his first Grand Slam (大满贯赛事) at Wimbledon. It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.
And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally. On the court, he was ranked No. 1 for almost two years. His lowest point came in 1997 when his ranking dropped to No. 141. He didn’t quit though. “I knew that I would try to get the most out of myself every day from that day forward. That was my promise,” he said. “That never stopped.”
12. Why was Agassi very emotional when saying goodbye to his career?
A. Because he lost to a player ten years older than him.
B. Because he felt very sad that he was no longer the best player.
C. Because this career has brought him so much.
D. Because he felt sorry for his wild lifestyle.
13. From his speech, we can see that ________.
A. he was thankful to his fans B. he refused to accept failure
C. he wished he hadn’t hated tennis when young D. he decided to take marathon as his new career
14. Through winning Agassi learned that ________.
A. he didn’t try his best in his career B. it must take a long time for anyone to win
C. people need to never give up to win D. winning once or twice is not enough
15. It can be inferred from the passage that Agassi’s father ________.
A. was an excellent tennis player B. was good at raising Agassi
C. played a key role in Agassi choosing his career D. spent most of his time training his son
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿加西的网球生涯。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.(这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。)”，第四段的“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.(这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑)”，以及第五段的“And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally.( 一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧)”可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,’ Agassi said to the fans. ‘I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.’(阿加西对球迷说:“记分牌上说我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”“我找到了灵感，你们想要让我成功。”)”可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: ‘winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)’.(这是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理:“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。”)”可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle.( 阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。)”可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social networking websites enforce the idea that it’s important to stay connected to be happy and achieve success. However, the opportunity to spend time with yourself allows you to look inward and find direction to your life.
·Depend on yourself.
____16____ Other people help you get a neutral (中立的) opinion, but your ability to make the final decisions takes you a long way. Some always fear to be all alone, because they don’t notice that being alone helps you learn to depend upon yourself. It paves new ways for success, as you no longer need to be around those who offer their advice which is valuable but takes away the opportunity to be self-dependent.
·____17____
A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far. ____18____
·Learn to value yourself.
Being alone gives you the chance to value your needs and requirements. Most people spend all their lives trying to make other people happy. Others believe that nothing but worldly possessions and a bunch of friends can give them happiness. ___19___ Spending time alone helps you learn to be nice to yourself and know that you are above everything else. There is no need to sacrifice your dreams simply because other people do not approve of them. ____20____
Being alone gives you an opportunity to explore the unknown side to your personality, which is truly awesome. A true acceptance of who you are enables you to spread love all around you.
A. Observe things closely.
B. Regain your confidence.
C. This is not true at all.
D. You should believe in yourself and live life to the fullest.
E. The right decision is the one made by yourself.
F. You learn to rely on your own abilities to make progress when alone.
G. This can help you to achieve moments of clarity (清晰) and make good decisions in the future.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。如今社交网站强化了这样一种观点：保持联系对于快乐和取得成功是很重要的。然而，花时间和自己在一起的机会可以让你审视内心，找到你生活的方向，本文讲述了独处的益处。
【16题详解】
由第一段的“However, the opportunity to spend time with yourself allows you to look inward and find direction to your life.(然而，花时间与自己相处的机会可以让你审视自己的内心，找到生活的方向。)”可知，文章主要从几方面论述了独处的意义。根据第一个小标题“Depend on yourself(依靠自己)”以及后文“… being alone helps you learn to depend upon yourself. It paves new ways for success …(独处可以帮助你学会依赖自己。它为成功铺平了新的道路)”可知，这一段主要论述了独处可以帮助我们养成依靠自己的习惯，F项“to rely on your own abilities”和“alone”呼应主题，故F项“当你独自一人时，你会学会依靠自己的能力取得进步。”符合语境，故答案为F。
【17题详解】
空处是段落标题。根据后文“A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far.(繁忙的日常生活使你无法从远处审视自己的生活。有时候，坐下来分析你的选择和你目前所取得的进步是很重要的。)”可知，这一段主要论述独处可以使我们更好地反思、审视自己的生活，所以小标题“Observe things closely”即认真地观察、审视事情，符合这一段的中心思想，故答案为A。
【18题详解】
前文“A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far.(繁忙的日常生活使你无法从远处审视自己的生活。有时候，坐下来分析你的选择和你目前所取得的进步是很重要的。)”论述了我们需要审视和反思自己的生活的作用，G项“这可以帮助我们看清一些问题，在未来做出更好的决定。”总结上文，故答案为G。
【19题详解】
前文“Others believe that nothing but worldly possessions and a bunch of friends can give them happiness.( 一些人认为只有世俗财产和一群朋友才能给他们幸福。)”提到一些人认为只有世俗的财产和众多的朋友可以为他们带来快乐，下文“Spending time alone helps you learn to be nice to yourself and know that you are above everything else. (花时间独处可以帮助你学会善待自己，让你知道自己高于一切。)”提到要学会善待自己，要知道自己高于一切，因此推断上文的观点和作者的观点相悖，C项“这完全不是真的”符合语境，承上启下。故答案为C。
【20题详解】
前文“There is no need to sacrifice your dreams simply because other people do not approve of them.( 没有必要仅仅因为别人不赞同而牺牲自己的梦想。)”提到没有必要仅仅因为他人不赞同而牺牲自己的梦想，因此这里承接上文提出，我们应当相信自己，D项“你应该相信自己，充实地生活。”符合语境。故答案为D。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Zou Hongyan welcomed her son to the world in 1988, terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life. Doctors ____21____ her to give him up, a view that even her own husband ____22____, as they believed the boy would lead a miserable, ____23____ life. Zou, however, rejected their claims, divorced her child’s father, and made it her life ____24____ to treat and support her baby boy.
Zou worked ____25____ three jobs to support her family. She ____26____ how to massage (按摩) his muscles and would play intelligence ____27____ and puzzles with him.
The mother also ____28____ from the start that her son would learn to ____29____ his disabilities as far as possible. For example, Ding had problems coordinating (协调) his _____30_____ movements, and found it difficult to use chopsticks. _____31_____ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable, Zou insisted on _____32_____ him to do so.
“I didn’t want him to feel ashamed about his _____33_____ problems,” she said.
Ding graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Peking University in 2011. We can only _____34_____ how proud this hard-working mom is of her son’s incredible progress, and how grateful Ding Ding must be to his greatest _____35_____.
21. A. challenged B. forced C. encouraged D. threatened
22. A. shared B. agreed C. thought D. doubted
23. A. informal B. worthless C. unfair D. irregular
24. A. style B. standard C. belief D. mission
25. A. at least B. at once C. at all D. at last
26. A. learned B. understood C. knew D. wondered
27. A. videos B. jokes C. games D. tools
28. A. predicted B. insisted C. ensured D. realized
29. A. hide B. accept C. overcome D. stand
30. A. body B. hand C. arm D. foot
31. A. If B. Unless C. Until D. While
32. A. requiring B. reminding C. assisting D. training
33. A. potential B. physical C. urgent D. private
34. A. imagine B. witness C. discover D. admit
35. A. follower B. partner C. supporter D. supplier
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位叫做邹红艳的母亲得知自己的儿子丁丁生病之后不离不弃，一直悉心照顾孩子，最终，丁丁从北大毕业，并去哈佛法学院学习，这一切都要感谢他的母亲。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. challenged挑战；B. forced迫使；C. encouraged劝说；鼓励；D. threatened威胁。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示医生劝说她放弃孩子。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shared有同样的感情（或想法、经历等）；B. agreed同意；C. thought认为；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“Doctors ____1____her to give him up, a view that even her own husband”和下文“divorced her child’s father”可推断，甚至她自己的丈夫，孩子的父亲都有和医生一样的想法，放弃孩子。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. informal不正式的；B. worthless无价值的；品质差的；C. unfair不公平的；D. irregular不规律的。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示他们认为男孩会过悲惨的、没有价值的生活。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，邹拒绝了他们的主张，与孩子的父亲离婚，并把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。A. style方式；B. standard标准；C. belief信仰；信念；D. mission使命。根据下文“to treat and support her baby boy”和下文的讲述可知，邹红艳坚持拯救自己的儿子，把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：邹做了至少三份工作来供养家庭。A. at least至少；B. at once马上；C. at all根本；全然；D. at last最终。根据上文“to support her family”可知，邹红艳做至少三份工作是为了供养家庭。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她学会如何按摩儿子的肌肉，还会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。A. learned学习；B. understood理解；C. knew知道；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“how to massage (按摩) his muscles”可知，邹红艳学习如何为儿子按摩肌肉。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. videos视频；B. jokes笑话；C. games游戏；D. tools工具。根据下文“and puzzles”可知，此处表示她会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲也从一开始就坚持要求儿子尽可能去学习克服自己的残疾障碍。A. predicted预测；B. insisted坚持；C. ensured确保；D. realized意识到。根据下文“Zou insisted on ____12____ him to do so.”可知，邹红艳坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hide躲藏；B. accept接受；C. overcome克服；D. stand忍受。根据下文“I didn’t want him to feel ashamed about his ____13____ problems” 可知，邹红艳不希望丁丁因为身体问题感到羞愧，所以此处表示她坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，丁丁的手部运动不协调，用起筷子来非常困难。A. body身体；B. hand手；C. arm胳膊；D. foot脚。根据下文“found it difficult to use chopsticks”可知，丁丁使用筷子很困难，结合常识可知丁丁的手部运动不协调。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Until直到；D. While尽管。结合句意和语境，空处应用while引导让步状语从句。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. requiring要求；B. reminding提醒；C. assisting协助；D. training训练。根据上文“___9____ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable”可知，虽然很多亲戚说可以理解，但是邹红艳仍然希望丁丁学会用筷子，坚持训练儿子握筷。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想他因为身体疾病感到羞愧。A. potential潜在的；可能的；B. physical身体的；C. urgent紧急的；D. private私人的。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”和“found it difficult to use chopsticks”可知，此处表示因为身体疾病感到羞愧。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以想象，这位辛勤工作的母亲对儿子的不可思议的进步是多么的自豪，丁丁对他最伟大的支持者是多么的感激。A. imagine想象；B. witness见证；C. discover发现；D. admit承认。根据上文“Ding graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Peking University in 2011.”和下文“how proud this hard-working mom is of her son’s incredible progress”可知，儿子学业有成，母亲因为儿子的不可思议的进步会非常骄傲是不难想象的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. follower追随者；B. partner伙伴；C. supporter支持者；D. supplier供应商。根据上文“Zou, however, rejected their claims, divorced her child’s father, and made it her life ____4____ to treat and support her baby boy.”以及邹红艳为了丁丁所做的一切可知，她是儿子最伟大的支持者。故选C。
第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we talk, we often make hand movements ____36____ (call) gestures at the same time. ____37____ almost everyone gestures when they talk, we usually do not even notice the gestures. However, our hand gestures play ____38____ important role in helping us learn and remember!
When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on ____39____ (tradition) methods: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary ____40____ (well), even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement ____41____ (strength) the memory of its meaning. This is mainly because gestures take away some of the work from learning, ____42____ (leave) our brains to focus on memorizing the vocabulary.
Gesturing also helps to put new vocabulary into context and makes it easier ____43____ (remember). When people gesture, they mentally place themselves in situations ____44____ are memorable for them. For example, an individual will have an easier time remembering the word “walking” after connecting it _____45_____ a personal memory of physical walking.
【答案】36. called
37. Although##Though##While
38. an 39. traditional
40. better 41. strengthens
42. leaving
43. to remember
44. that##which
45. with##to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了手势在帮助我们学习和记忆中扮演着重要的角色，因为手势有助于加强记忆。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们说话时，我们经常同时做手势。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语movement构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填called。
【37题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管几乎每个人在说话的时候都会做手势，但我们通常甚至不会注意到这些手势。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用although、though或while，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，我们的手势在帮助我们学习和记忆中扮演着重要的角色！结合句意表示“扮演着重要的角色”可知短语为play an important role in。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在学习一门外语时，大多数人都采用传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。修饰名词methods应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。
【40题详解】
考查比较级。句意：但如果你在学习时也用手臂做手势，你可以更好地记住词汇，甚至几个月后。结合句意表示“更好”应用well的比较级。故填better。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：将一个单词与大脑中负责运动的区域联系起来可以加强对其含义的记忆。作谓语，表示“加强”应用动词strengthen，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填strengthens。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这主要是因为手势减少了学习的工作量，让我们的大脑专注于记忆词汇。分析句子结构可知leave与逻辑主语This is mainly because gestures take away some of the work from learning构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：手势还有助于将新词汇放入上下文，使其更容易记忆。此处为make it adj. to do sth.，不定式作真正宾语。故填to remember。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当人们做手势时，他们在心理上将自己置于一个对他们来说难忘的情境中。定语从句修饰先行词situations，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that或which。故填that/which。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，当一个人将“走路”这个词与他个人关于走路的记忆联系起来时，他会更容易记住这个词。此处为短语connect with/to表示“与……联系起来”。故填with/to。
第三节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. I enjoyed the evening ________ we stayed together by the sea.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢我们一起在海边度过的那个夜晚。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰the evening，从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。
47. The young couple was having an argument about ________ turn it was to do the cooking. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这对年轻夫妇正在争论该轮到谁做饭。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语语从句，根据句意，此处用whose“谁的”作定语，修饰turn，引导宾语从句，故填whose。
48. ________ they will have a good harvest this year is still unknown. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Whether
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他们今年是否会有好收成还是未知数。分析句子可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，表示“是否”，故用whether来引导，且首字母大写。故填Whether。
49. I have heard a lot of good things about you _________ I came back from abroad. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】since
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：自从我从国外回来以后，我听到了很多关于你的好消息。分析句子结构可知，此空需要连词连接空格前后两句话。且从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态，再结合句意，应用连词since“自从……以来”，故填since。
50. I will never forget the days___________ we spent together. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that/which
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远也不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。空处引导定语从句，先行词the days，指物，在定语从句中作spent的宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
51. Can you think of a situation ________ the idiom can be used? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能想出一个用这个词的场合吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词situation，先行词在从句中作抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
52. Children, it is thought, will be less attracted to cigarettes ________ (sell) in unbranded boxes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sold
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据认为，儿童对无品牌盒装香烟的吸引力将会降低。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语cigarettes之间为被动关系，设空处应用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填sold。
53. We’ll go to meet the famous singer about ________ we have often talked. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将去见那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰singer，从句中作介词about的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导定语从句，故填whom。
54. Stories of their friendship ________ (come) down to this very day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have come
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他们友谊的故事一直流传到今天。表示过去发生的动作持续至今，应用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have come。
55. If you want to ________ (recognize) by your classmates and teachers, there will be much for you to do. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be recognized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想得到同学和老师的认可，你可以做很多事情。短语want to do sth.，且you与recognize构成被动关系，故用be done形式。故填be recognized。
第四节 课文句子默写（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
根据中文提示，按课本要求默写下列句子。
56. 我迫不及待地要向你描绘高中生活是什么样子的。(汉译英)
【答案】I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语为I；表示“迫不及待”短语为can’t wait to do sth.；表示“向某人描绘”短语为describe to sb. sth.；“高中生活是什么样子的”处理为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代高中生活，应用what引导，表示“像”且作谓语用be like。句子用一般现在时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.
57. 为了充分发挥你的潜力，充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。（汉译英）
【答案】To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词和固定句型。表示“为了”，应用不定式to do作目的状语，“潜力”，应用名词语“ potential”；“充分利用”，应用短语make the most of，表示“学校资源” ，短语为school resources，作短语make the most of的宾语；表示“对某人来说......是重要的”句子为it is important for sb to do...。故翻译为To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources。
58. 正如Lao-Tzu睿智的箴言所说的那样，“千里之行，始于足下。” (汉译英)
【答案】As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句，时态和短语。分析句子可知，句子为主从复合句，“正如Lao-Tzu睿智箴言所说的那样”为定语从句，用as引导非限制性定语从句，译为“正如”，指代整个主句，wisely“睿智地”，修饰谓语say，与主语Lao-Tzu是主动关系，根据句意应用一般过去时，故从句译为：As Lao-Tzu wisely said；主句主语A journey of a thousand miles“一千里的旅程”，是单数，谓语begin with“以……开始”，用单数，宾语a single step“一步”，客观真理用一般现在时，故答案为As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
59. 你可能会感到焦虑，因为你自己发育的速度和朋友们不同：要么是个头猛蹿，要么是远远落在其他人后面。(汉译英)
【答案】You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词、时态和宾语从句。表示“感到焦虑”表达为feel anxious，表示“以不同的速度”表达为at a different rate，表示“因为你自己发育的速度和朋友们不同”表达为宾语从句（从句用现在进行时）：that you are developing at a different rate to your friends；表示“个头猛蹿”为动词短语 shoot up in height，shoot与逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语；表示“远远落后面”为 get left behind，get与逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系，也用现在分词作状语。故翻译为You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind.
60. 尽管有时候一家人似乎根本无法和谐相处，但你还是可以采取行动改善这一局面。(汉译英)
【答案】Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，从句和短语。分析句子可知，句子为主从复合句，“尽管有时候一家人似乎根本无法和谐相处”为让步状语从句，可以用although引导从句，sometimes“有时候”，it may seem“似乎”，后接形容词impossible“不可能”作表语，it是形容词，真正的主语“和谐相处”用不定式，译为to get along，as a family“作为一家人”；主句主语you，can“可以”，接动词原形take action“采取行动”作谓语，“改善这一局面”译为improve the situation，用不定式形式作目的状语，故答案为Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
61. 这种情况带来的压力让我难受死了，我不知道接下来该怎么办。(汉译英)
【答案】The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m at a loss what to do next.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，定语和不定式。分析句子可知，句子用现在时态，且为并列句，上下文是顺承关系，用连接词and，“这种情况带来的压力”可译为the stress of this situation，“让我难受死了”可译为kill me，根据句意用现在进行时，结合主谓一致用谓语动词用单数，第二分句主语I，be at a loss to do sth.表示“不知道做什么”，用“疑问词+不定式”作表语，what to do“做什么”作表语，故答案为The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m at a loss what to do next.
62. 无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈谈。(汉译英)
【答案】In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、不定式和祈使句。分析句子可知，句子为祈使句，In any case“无论如何”，位于句首，作状语；find an opportunity“找个机会”，“和她深入、坦诚地谈谈”用不定式作opportunity的后置定语，译为to have a full and frank talk with her，故答案为In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
63. 在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时借助极端的方式来快速减肥。(汉译英)
【答案】In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和从句。表示“社会”应用名词society，表示“在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里”为where引导的定语从句，先行词为society，故为 where being thin is often seen as being beautiful；表示“青少年”为名词teenagers，在句中作主语；表示“借助于”短语为turn to，表示“极端的方式”为extreme methods在句中作宾语，表示“减肥”为动词短语 slim down，在句中应用动词不定式的方式作目的状语。叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
64. 他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。(汉译英)
【答案】They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“加大力度”应用动词短语increase one’s efforts，在句中作谓语；表示“教育”为动词educate，在句中作非谓语，表示“加大力度教育青少年有关……”为increase one’s efforts to educate teenagers about...；表示“不良反应”为名词短语side effects，表示“减肥引起的不良反应”为the side effects of losing weight，在句中作about的宾语。叙述目前一段时间正在发生的事，应用现在进行时。故翻译为They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
65. 此外，青少年应作息规律，多参加运动，才能精力旺盛、身体健康。(汉译英)
【答案】What’s more, teenagers should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“此外”短语为what’s more；主语为复数名词teenagers，表示“作息规律”用keep regular hours，“多参加运动”用get plenty of exercise；“保持精力旺盛、身体健康”用stay energetic and fit，该短语作目的状语，用不定式。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为What’s more, teenagers should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.
第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tony在你因病住院期间经常在网上辅导你学英语，并鼓励你积极面对病情。请写封邮件表示感谢，内容包括：
1.说明写信目的；
2.回顾Tony对你的帮助；
3.再次表达谢意。
注意：
1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2.词数80左右。
Dear Tony,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tony,
I’m writing to express my gratitude to you for your help and encouragement during my stay in hospital.
Undoubtedly if it were not for the fact that you helped me learn English online every day, I couldn’t have made my English study go smoothly as usual. It’s your constant encouragement and positive attitude towards life that guide me out of low spirits and help me deal with my illness, study and life in such a sound way.
Many thanks to you again. Wish you all the best.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tony在你因病住院期间经常在网上辅导你学英语，并鼓励你积极面对病情。请写封邮件表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感激：gratitude→appreciation
无疑地：undoubtedly→doubtlessly
进展顺利：go smoothly→get along well
应对：deal with→do with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to express my gratitude to you for your help and encouragement during my stay in hospital.
拓展句：I’m writing to express my gratitude to you because you helped and encouraged me during my stay in hospital.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Undoubtedly, if it were not for the fact that you helped me learn English online every day, I couldn’t have made my English study go smoothly as usual. （运用了虚拟语气，that引导同位语从句）
【高分句型2】 It’s your constant encouragement and positive attitude towards life that guide me out of low spirits and help me deal with my illness, study and life in such a sound way.（运用了强调句型）
听力1—5 ACABC 6—10 ABBAC 11—15 CBCBC 16—20 ACBAA
高一期中质量检测试卷
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing?
A. Having breakfast. B. Working. C. Sleeping.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some mountains. B. The weather. C. A painting.
3. How does the man sound?
A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Sorry.
4. What will the man do after school tomorrow?
A. Go to a party. B. Write a report. C. Attend a meeting.
5. Why won’t the woman buy the shoes now?
A. She dislikes them. B. She can’t afford them. C. She has bought two pairs.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the woman think of Too Cool to Kill?
A. It was interesting. B. It was moving. C. It was boring.
7. What did the main character do in Nice View?
A. He fought bad guys. B. He realized his dream. C. He brought up his brother.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man doing?
A. Paying some bills. B. Opening a savings account. C. Putting money into his bank account.
9. Why does the man need a credit card?
A. To pay for gas. B. To buy a new phone. C. To get online service.
10. What will the man give the woman?
A. His driving license. B. His passport. C. His ID card.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Which club has the woman joined?
A. The science club. B. The reading club. C. The acting club.
12. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Watch Forrest Gump. B. Visit the reading club. C. Prepare for her exams.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Publisher and writer. B. Director and actor. C. Classmates.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where might the speakers be?
A. At a TV studio. B. At a radio station. C. At the man’s company.
15. When did Alan Sugar establish Amstrad?
A. In 1980. B. In 1970. C. In 1968.
16. What did Amstrad begin to make in 1984?
A. Personal computers. B. Large equipment. C. Trucks.
17. What does Alan Sugar suggest doing in the end?
A. Exercising regularly. B. Preparing in advance. C. Following your dream.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did Joseph go on his first trip overseas?
A. Britain. B. America. C. Spain.
19. Why did Joseph want to visit the Nou Camp?
A. To watch a game. B. To try the local food. C. To enjoy the special culture.
20. How many more countries does Joseph have to visit to reach his target?
A.60. B.50. C.40.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you’ve never learned the stories behind the names of various South American countries, you might be surprised by some of their historical roots.
Ecuador
Once upon a time, the whole region where the country of Ecuador now exists was named Quito, which is the name of its current capital. The name “Quito” is a nod to the indigenous (本地的) Quito people who lived there in pre-Columbian times, dating back to as far as 2000 BC. Ecuador, as we know it today, is Spanish for “equator” (赤道). In 1735, French scientists came to measure the equator in order to, essentially, carry out a proxy war between Newton and Descartes. Newton believed the earth was flattened at the poles, and Descartes believed it was squeezed at the equator. Eventually, the French pinpointed the equator and proved Newton right.
Venezuela
Believe it or not, the name “Venezuela” is actually believed to be a nod to Venice—yes, the watery city in Italy. As far as we know, this name might have come from Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci. In1499, a naval (海军的) expedition was exploring Lake Maracaibo when they noticed the dwellings of the indigenous Alu people, who built their homes on stilts (支柱) above the water. These structures reminded Vespucci of home (or of Venice, to be more specific).
Argentina
You probably didn’t think this had to do with precious metals, did you? The name “Argentina” actually came from the Latin argentum (银), which means “silver”. In the 1520s, Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot learned of the mythical “Sierra de la Plata”—or a mountain with a jackpot’s worth of silver. It could only be accessed through an estuary (河口) in the south of the continent, which he named Silver River. Cabot never did find this rumored mountain, but the name he gave the river stuck, along with “Argentina”, or The Land of Silver.
1. What did French scientists do in 1735?
A. Named the place. B. Carried out a war.
C. Explored the region. D. Did research on the equator.
2. What can we know about Venezuela?
A. It’s far from the equator. B. It’s more developed than Italy.
C. It’s a country built on the mountains. D. It’s connected with an Italian explorer.
3. From which did the name “Argentina” come?
A. A kind of metal. B. A local song.
C. A legend. D. A mountain.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了南美几个国家名字背后的故事，以及它们的一些历史根源。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 1735, French scientists came to measure the equator in order to, essentially, carry out a proxy war between Newton and Descartes. Newton believed the earth was flattened at the poles, and Descartes believed it was squeezed at the equator. Eventually, the French pinpointed the equator and proved Newton right.( 1735年，法国科学家开始测量赤道，实际上是为了在牛顿和笛卡尔之间展开一场代理人战争。牛顿认为地球在两极是扁平的，而笛卡尔认为地球在赤道处是挤压的。最终，法国人确定了赤道，证明了牛顿是对的)”可知，1735年，法国科学家对赤道做了研究。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Believe it or not, the name “Venezuela” is actually believed to be a nod to Venice—yes, the watery city in Italy. As far as we know, this name might have come from Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.(信不信由你，“委内瑞拉”这个名字实际上被认为是在向威尼斯致敬——是的，意大利的水城。据我们所知，这个名字可能来自意大利探险家阿美利哥·韦斯普奇)”可知，委内瑞拉与一个意大利探险家有关。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The name ‘Argentina’ actually came from the Latin argentum (银), which means ‘silver’. In the 1520s, Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot learned of the mythical “Sierra de la Plata”—or a mountain with a jackpot’s worth of silver. It could only be accessed through an estuary (河口) in the south of the continent, which he named Silver River. Cabot never did find this rumored mountain, but the name he gave the river stuck, along with “Argentina”, or The Land of Silver. (“阿根廷”这个名字实际上来自拉丁语Argentum，意思是“银”。在十六世纪二十年代，威尼斯探险家塞巴斯蒂安·卡伯特听说了神话中的“拉普拉塔山”——或者是一座拥有相当于头奖金额的白银的山。它只能通过大陆南部的一个入海口进入，他把这个入海口命名为银河。卡伯特并没有找到传说中的这座山，但他给这条河起的名字一直沿用至今，与“阿根廷”一起，也就是白银之地)”可知，阿根廷这个名字与一种金属——银有关。故选A。
B
Every year on June 21st, World Music Day is commemorated in over 120 countries, including its birthplace of France, to honor both amateur and professional musicians. Citizens of a city or country are permitted and encouraged to perform music outside in their neighborhoods, public areas, and parks on Music Day. Free concerts are also held, where musicians perform for the joy of it rather than for a fee.
In the 1970s, American musician Joel Cohen, who was then working for a French radio station, came up with the idea of having musicians perform on the evening of June 21 to celebrate the start of summer. It was finally accepted by France’s Ministry of Culture in 1982. The day started in France and has since extended to countries such as Belgium, the United Kingdom and others. It’s the ideal time to learn a new instrument or listen to songs they wouldn’t ordinarily include on their playlist. Every type of musician can celebrate World Music Day with friends, family, and even strangers, whether they are young, elderly, new, or seasoned professionals. The purpose is to promote music.
It makes no difference how good you are at making music; everyone can do it. This day can be used by even the most tone-deaf folks to sing their hearts out and appreciate the beauty and power of music. Music is not only a great way to express yourself, but it may also be beneficial to your health. A song might bring back a joyful memory or make you feel energized when you listen to it.
4. Where did the World Music Day begin?
A. France. B. American. C. Belgium. D. China.
5. Why are some concerts held for free?
A. For reputation. B. For entertainment. C. For experience. D. For occupation.
6. What do we know about the World Music Day?
A. Those who are not expert in music are not welcome.
B. Joel Cohen put forward the idea of performing music for free.
C. The purpose of it is to instruct tone-deaf people in music.
D. You can listen to some songs not included on the playlist.
7. What’s the author’s attitude towards music?
A. Challenging. B. Critical. C. Positive. D. Sceptical.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界音乐日的情况，包括举行时间、起源以及特色等。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every year on June 21st, World Music Day is commemorated in over 120 countries, including its birthplace of France, to honor both amateur and professional musicians.(每年的6月21日，包括其诞生地法国在内的120多个国家都会纪念世界音乐日，向业余和职业音乐家致敬)”可知，世界音乐日始于法国。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Free concerts are also held, where musicians perform for the joy of it rather than for a fee.(免费音乐会也会举行，在那里音乐家们表演是为了快乐，而不是为了收费)”可知，有些音乐会免费是为了娱乐。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s the ideal time to learn a new instrument or listen to songs they wouldn’t ordinarily include on their playlist.(这是学习一种新乐器或听他们通常不会出现在播放列表中的歌曲的理想时间)”可知，世界音乐日，可以让你听一些不在播放列表中的歌曲。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music is not only a great way to express yourself, but it may also be beneficial to your health. A song might bring back a joyful memory or make you feel energized when you listen to it.(音乐不仅是一种很好的表达自己的方式，而且可能对你的健康有益。一首歌可能会勾起快乐的回忆，或者让你在听的时候感到精力充沛)”可推知，作者对音乐是积极态度。故选C。
C
We all know that drinking too much is bad for us, but what about moderate (适度) drinking?
We’ve known about the relationship between moderate drinking and good health for quite some time. Researchers have identified that people who drink a moderate amount are at a lower risk of things like heart disease and fatness than both people who drink a lot and people who never drink. It’s fairly well-established that if you look at society at large, people who drink a moderate amount are the healthiest in a number of ways.
The problem is that moderate drinking isn’t an isolated behavior (孤立的行为). You can’t easily separate moderate drinking from the people who drink moderately, which means that you can’t easily identify whether it’s actually the alcohol (酒) that’s improving people’s health or something else.
The issue is pretty obvious when you look at the people who drink moderately in all of these studies. They tend to be more educated, smoke less and in general are better off than both people who drink a lot and those who never drink. People who never drink are also different in a lot of ways, for example, illness, poverty (贫穷), and previous alcoholism.
Recent studies in Israel and New Zealand show that there probably aren’t any significant health benefits of moderate drinking. Once you get rid of the effects of society, even a small amount of drink is connected to worse health.
It seems that moderate drinking probably isn’t good for our health after all. While there may be some minor heart health benefits, alcohol is addictive (使人成瘾的) and causes damage to many other organs.
I’m going to keep drinking, but not for my health. Wine is delicious and beer is just wonderful. Drink for the taste, drink to socialise, but don’t drink because you think it’s going to heal your heart. But if possible, try to drink less.
8. What is the common belief about drinking alcohol?
A. Drinking has little to do with health. B. Moderate drinking benefits our health.
C. Drinking reduces the risk of heart disease. D. The healthier you are, the more you can drink.
9. Who is more likely to drink moderately?
A. A rich man. B. A sick man.
C. A former alcoholic. D. A poorly-educated man.
10. What do we know about drinking from the fifth paragraph?
A. Drinking is an isolated behaviour. B. Drinking is good for the society.
C. Drinking is more of a social activity. D. Drinking can cause bad health.
11. What can be the best title of this text?
A Is Alcohol Suitable for You? B. What Is Moderate Drinking?
C. Do You Know How to Drink? D. Is Moderate Drinking Healthy?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个最新研究发现：“适度饮酒有益健康”的说法是错误的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers have identified that people who drink a moderate amount are at a lower risk of things like heart disease and fatness than both people who drink a lot and people who never drink.(研究人员发现，与大量饮酒和从不饮酒的人相比，适度饮酒的人患心脏病和肥胖等疾病的风险更低)”可知，关于饮酒的普遍看法是适度饮酒有益健康。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“They tend to be more educated, smoke less and in general are better off than both people who drink a lot and those who never drink.(他们往往受教育程度更高，吸烟更少，总的来说，他们比酗酒和从不喝酒的人都更富有)”可知，适度饮酒的人往往受教育程度更高、吸烟更少，并比其他人更富有，所以有钱人更有可能适度饮酒。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Once you get rid of the effects of society, even a small amount of drink is connected to worse health.(一旦你摆脱了社会的影响，即使少量饮酒也会导致健康恶化)”可知，摆脱社会影响的话，饮酒会导致健康不良。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“We all know that drinking too much is bad for us, but what about moderate drinking?(我们都知道酗酒对我们有害，但适度饮酒又如何呢？)”以及文章内容可知，本文通过介绍了最近的研究，说明饮酒是一种社会行为，对健康没有任何益处，所以“适度饮酒是健康的吗？”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
D
Agassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior.
“The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,” Agassi said to the fans. “I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.” It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle. He grew hair long, wore colorful clothes and spat (吐口水) at an umpire (裁判). Over the years, he has made bad jokes during news conferences.
Asked what he would say to his 17-year-old self, Agassi answered, “I would say, I understand you a lot more than I want to be you.”
The turning point in Agassi’s career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly won his first Grand Slam (大满贯赛事) at Wimbledon. It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.
And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally. On the court, he was ranked No. 1 for almost two years. His lowest point came in 1997 when his ranking dropped to No. 141. He didn’t quit though. “I knew that I would try to get the most out of myself every day from that day forward. That was my promise,” he said. “That never stopped.”
12. Why was Agassi very emotional when saying goodbye to his career?
A. Because he lost to a player ten years older than him.
B. Because he felt very sad that he was no longer the best player.
C. Because this career has brought him so much.
D. Because he felt sorry for his wild lifestyle.
13. From his speech, we can see that ________.
A. he was thankful to his fans B. he refused to accept failure
C. he wished he hadn’t hated tennis when young D. he decided to take marathon as his new career
14. Through winning Agassi learned that ________.
A. he didn’t try his best in his career B. it must take a long time for anyone to win
C. people need to never give up to win D. winning once or twice is not enough
15. It can be inferred from the passage that Agassi’s father ________.
A. was an excellent tennis player B. was good at raising Agassi
C. played a key role in Agassi choosing his career D. spent most of his time training his son
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿加西的网球生涯。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.(这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。)”，第四段的“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.(这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑)”，以及第五段的“And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally.( 一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧)”可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,’ Agassi said to the fans. ‘I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.’(阿加西对球迷说:“记分牌上说我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”“我找到了灵感，你们想要让我成功。”)”可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: ‘winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)’.(这是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理:“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。”)”可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle.( 阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。)”可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social networking websites enforce the idea that it’s important to stay connected to be happy and achieve success. However, the opportunity to spend time with yourself allows you to look inward and find direction to your life.
·Depend on yourself.
____16____ Other people help you get a neutral (中立的) opinion, but your ability to make the final decisions takes you a long way. Some always fear to be all alone, because they don’t notice that being alone helps you learn to depend upon yourself. It paves new ways for success, as you no longer need to be around those who offer their advice which is valuable but takes away the opportunity to be self-dependent.
·____17____
A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far. ____18____
·Learn to value yourself.
Being alone gives you the chance to value your needs and requirements. Most people spend all their lives trying to make other people happy. Others believe that nothing but worldly possessions and a bunch of friends can give them happiness. ___19___ Spending time alone helps you learn to be nice to yourself and know that you are above everything else. There is no need to sacrifice your dreams simply because other people do not approve of them. ____20____
Being alone gives you an opportunity to explore the unknown side to your personality, which is truly awesome. A true acceptance of who you are enables you to spread love all around you.
A. Observe things closely.
B. Regain your confidence.
C. This is not true at all.
D. You should believe in yourself and live life to the fullest.
E. The right decision is the one made by yourself.
F. You learn to rely on your own abilities to make progress when alone.
G. This can help you to achieve moments of clarity (清晰) and make good decisions in the future.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。如今社交网站强化了这样一种观点：保持联系对于快乐和取得成功是很重要的。然而，花时间和自己在一起的机会可以让你审视内心，找到你生活的方向，本文讲述了独处的益处。
【16题详解】
由第一段的“However, the opportunity to spend time with yourself allows you to look inward and find direction to your life.(然而，花时间与自己相处的机会可以让你审视自己的内心，找到生活的方向。)”可知，文章主要从几方面论述了独处的意义。根据第一个小标题“Depend on yourself(依靠自己)”以及后文“… being alone helps you learn to depend upon yourself. It paves new ways for success …(独处可以帮助你学会依赖自己。它为成功铺平了新的道路)”可知，这一段主要论述了独处可以帮助我们养成依靠自己的习惯，F项“to rely on your own abilities”和“alone”呼应主题，故F项“当你独自一人时，你会学会依靠自己的能力取得进步。”符合语境，故答案为F。
【17题详解】
空处是段落标题。根据后文“A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far.(繁忙的日常生活使你无法从远处审视自己的生活。有时候，坐下来分析你的选择和你目前所取得的进步是很重要的。)”可知，这一段主要论述独处可以使我们更好地反思、审视自己的生活，所以小标题“Observe things closely”即认真地观察、审视事情，符合这一段的中心思想，故答案为A。
【18题详解】
前文“A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far.(繁忙的日常生活使你无法从远处审视自己的生活。有时候，坐下来分析你的选择和你目前所取得的进步是很重要的。)”论述了我们需要审视和反思自己的生活的作用，G项“这可以帮助我们看清一些问题，在未来做出更好的决定。”总结上文，故答案为G。
【19题详解】
前文“Others believe that nothing but worldly possessions and a bunch of friends can give them happiness.( 一些人认为只有世俗财产和一群朋友才能给他们幸福。)”提到一些人认为只有世俗的财产和众多的朋友可以为他们带来快乐，下文“Spending time alone helps you learn to be nice to yourself and know that you are above everything else. (花时间独处可以帮助你学会善待自己，让你知道自己高于一切。)”提到要学会善待自己，要知道自己高于一切，因此推断上文的观点和作者的观点相悖，C项“这完全不是真的”符合语境，承上启下。故答案为C。
【20题详解】
前文“There is no need to sacrifice your dreams simply because other people do not approve of them.( 没有必要仅仅因为别人不赞同而牺牲自己的梦想。)”提到没有必要仅仅因为他人不赞同而牺牲自己的梦想，因此这里承接上文提出，我们应当相信自己，D项“你应该相信自己，充实地生活。”符合语境。故答案为D。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Zou Hongyan welcomed her son to the world in 1988, terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life. Doctors ____21____ her to give him up, a view that even her own husband ____22____, as they believed the boy would lead a miserable, ____23____ life. Zou, however, rejected their claims, divorced her child’s father, and made it her life ____24____ to treat and support her baby boy.
Zou worked ____25____ three jobs to support her family. She ____26____ how to massage (按摩) his muscles and would play intelligence ____27____ and puzzles with him.
The mother also ____28____ from the start that her son would learn to ____29____ his disabilities as far as possible. For example, Ding had problems coordinating (协调) his _____30_____ movements, and found it difficult to use chopsticks. _____31_____ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable, Zou insisted on _____32_____ him to do so.
“I didn’t want him to feel ashamed about his _____33_____ problems,” she said.
Ding graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Peking University in 2011. We can only _____34_____ how proud this hard-working mom is of her son’s incredible progress, and how grateful Ding Ding must be to his greatest _____35_____.
21. A. challenged B. forced C. encouraged D. threatened
22. A. shared B. agreed C. thought D. doubted
23. A. informal B. worthless C. unfair D. irregular
24. A. style B. standard C. belief D. mission
25. A. at least B. at once C. at all D. at last
26. A. learned B. understood C. knew D. wondered
27. A. videos B. jokes C. games D. tools
28. A. predicted B. insisted C. ensured D. realized
29. A. hide B. accept C. overcome D. stand
30. A. body B. hand C. arm D. foot
31. A. If B. Unless C. Until D. While
32. A. requiring B. reminding C. assisting D. training
33. A. potential B. physical C. urgent D. private
34. A. imagine B. witness C. discover D. admit
35. A. follower B. partner C. supporter D. supplier
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位叫做邹红艳的母亲得知自己的儿子丁丁生病之后不离不弃，一直悉心照顾孩子，最终，丁丁从北大毕业，并去哈佛法学院学习，这一切都要感谢他的母亲。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. challenged挑战；B. forced迫使；C. encouraged劝说；鼓励；D. threatened威胁。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示医生劝说她放弃孩子。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shared有同样的感情（或想法、经历等）；B. agreed同意；C. thought认为；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“Doctors ____1____her to give him up, a view that even her own husband”和下文“divorced her child’s father”可推断，甚至她自己的丈夫，孩子的父亲都有和医生一样的想法，放弃孩子。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. informal不正式的；B. worthless无价值的；品质差的；C. unfair不公平的；D. irregular不规律的。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示他们认为男孩会过悲惨的、没有价值的生活。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，邹拒绝了他们的主张，与孩子的父亲离婚，并把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。A. style方式；B. standard标准；C. belief信仰；信念；D. mission使命。根据下文“to treat and support her baby boy”和下文的讲述可知，邹红艳坚持拯救自己的儿子，把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：邹做了至少三份工作来供养家庭。A. at least至少；B. at once马上；C. at all根本；全然；D. at last最终。根据上文“to support her family”可知，邹红艳做至少三份工作是为了供养家庭。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她学会如何按摩儿子的肌肉，还会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。A. learned学习；B. understood理解；C. knew知道；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“how to massage (按摩) his muscles”可知，邹红艳学习如何为儿子按摩肌肉。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. videos视频；B. jokes笑话；C. games游戏；D. tools工具。根据下文“and puzzles”可知，此处表示她会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲也从一开始就坚持要求儿子尽可能去学习克服自己的残疾障碍。A. predicted预测；B. insisted坚持；C. ensured确保；D. realized意识到。根据下文“Zou insisted on ____12____ him to do so.”可知，邹红艳坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hide躲藏；B. accept接受；C. overcome克服；D. stand忍受。根据下文“I didn’t want him to feel ashamed about his ____13____ problems” 可知，邹红艳不希望丁丁因为身体问题感到羞愧，所以此处表示她坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，丁丁的手部运动不协调，用起筷子来非常困难。A. body身体；B. hand手；C. arm胳膊；D. foot脚。根据下文“found it difficult to use chopsticks”可知，丁丁使用筷子很困难，结合常识可知丁丁的手部运动不协调。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Until直到；D. While尽管。结合句意和语境，空处应用while引导让步状语从句。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. requiring要求；B. reminding提醒；C. assisting协助；D. training训练。根据上文“___9____ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable”可知，虽然很多亲戚说可以理解，但是邹红艳仍然希望丁丁学会用筷子，坚持训练儿子握筷。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想他因为身体疾病感到羞愧。A. potential潜在的；可能的；B. physical身体的；C. urgent紧急的；D. private私人的。根据上文“terrible birth complications (并发症) left him disabled for life”和“found it difficult to use chopsticks”可知，此处表示因为身体疾病感到羞愧。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以想象，这位辛勤工作的母亲对儿子的不可思议的进步是多么的自豪，丁丁对他最伟大的支持者是多么的感激。A. imagine想象；B. witness见证；C. discover发现；D. admit承认。根据上文“Ding graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Peking University in 2011.”和下文“how proud this hard-working mom is of her son’s incredible progress”可知，儿子学业有成，母亲因为儿子的不可思议的进步会非常骄傲是不难想象的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. follower追随者；B. partner伙伴；C. supporter支持者；D. supplier供应商。根据上文“Zou, however, rejected their claims, divorced her child’s father, and made it her life ____4____ to treat and support her baby boy.”以及邹红艳为了丁丁所做的一切可知，她是儿子最伟大的支持者。故选C。
第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we talk, we often make hand movements ____36____ (call) gestures at the same time. ____37____ almost everyone gestures when they talk, we usually do not even notice the gestures. However, our hand gestures play ____38____ important role in helping us learn and remember!
When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on ____39____ (tradition) methods: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary ____40____ (well), even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement ____41____ (strength) the memory of its meaning. This is mainly because gestures take away some of the work from learning, ____42____ (leave) our brains to focus on memorizing the vocabulary.
Gesturing also helps to put new vocabulary into context and makes it easier ____43____ (remember). When people gesture, they mentally place themselves in situations ____44____ are memorable for them. For example, an individual will have an easier time remembering the word “walking” after connecting it _____45_____ a personal memory of physical walking.
【答案】36. called
37. Although##Though##While
38. an 39. traditional
40. better 41. strengthens
42. leaving
43. to remember
44. that##which
45. with##to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了手势在帮助我们学习和记忆中扮演着重要的角色，因为手势有助于加强记忆。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们说话时，我们经常同时做手势。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语movement构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填called。
【37题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管几乎每个人在说话的时候都会做手势，但我们通常甚至不会注意到这些手势。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用although、though或while，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，我们的手势在帮助我们学习和记忆中扮演着重要的角色！结合句意表示“扮演着重要的角色”可知短语为play an important role in。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在学习一门外语时，大多数人都采用传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。修饰名词methods应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。
【40题详解】
考查比较级。句意：但如果你在学习时也用手臂做手势，你可以更好地记住词汇，甚至几个月后。结合句意表示“更好”应用well的比较级。故填better。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：将一个单词与大脑中负责运动的区域联系起来可以加强对其含义的记忆。作谓语，表示“加强”应用动词strengthen，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填strengthens。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这主要是因为手势减少了学习的工作量，让我们的大脑专注于记忆词汇。分析句子结构可知leave与逻辑主语This is mainly because gestures take away some of the work from learning构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：手势还有助于将新词汇放入上下文，使其更容易记忆。此处为make it adj. to do sth.，不定式作真正宾语。故填to remember。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当人们做手势时，他们在心理上将自己置于一个对他们来说难忘的情境中。定语从句修饰先行词situations，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that或which。故填that/which。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，当一个人将“走路”这个词与他个人关于走路的记忆联系起来时，他会更容易记住这个词。此处为短语connect with/to表示“与……联系起来”。故填with/to。
第三节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. I enjoyed the evening ________ we stayed together by the sea.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢我们一起在海边度过的那个夜晚。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰the evening，从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。
47. The young couple was having an argument about ________ turn it was to do the cooking. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这对年轻夫妇正在争论该轮到谁做饭。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语语从句，根据句意，此处用whose“谁的”作定语，修饰turn，引导宾语从句，故填whose。
48. ________ they will have a good harvest this year is still unknown. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Whether
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他们今年是否会有好收成还是未知数。分析句子可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，表示“是否”，故用whether来引导，且首字母大写。故填Whether。
49. I have heard a lot of good things about you _________ I came back from abroad. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】since
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：自从我从国外回来以后，我听到了很多关于你的好消息。分析句子结构可知，此空需要连词连接空格前后两句话。且从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态，再结合句意，应用连词since“自从……以来”，故填since。
50. I will never forget the days___________ we spent together. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that/which
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远也不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。空处引导定语从句，先行词the days，指物，在定语从句中作spent的宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
51. Can you think of a situation ________ the idiom can be used? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能想出一个用这个词的场合吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词situation，先行词在从句中作抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
52. Children, it is thought, will be less attracted to cigarettes ________ (sell) in unbranded boxes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sold
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据认为，儿童对无品牌盒装香烟的吸引力将会降低。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语cigarettes之间为被动关系，设空处应用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填sold。
53. We’ll go to meet the famous singer about ________ we have often talked. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将去见那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰singer，从句中作介词about的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导定语从句，故填whom。
54. Stories of their friendship ________ (come) down to this very day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have come
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他们友谊的故事一直流传到今天。表示过去发生的动作持续至今，应用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have come。
55. If you want to ________ (recognize) by your classmates and teachers, there will be much for you to do. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be recognized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想得到同学和老师的认可，你可以做很多事情。短语want to do sth.，且you与recognize构成被动关系，故用be done形式。故填be recognized。
第四节 课文句子默写（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
根据中文提示，按课本要求默写下列句子。
56. 我迫不及待地要向你描绘高中生活是什么样子的。(汉译英)
【答案】I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语为I；表示“迫不及待”短语为can’t wait to do sth.；表示“向某人描绘”短语为describe to sb. sth.；“高中生活是什么样子的”处理为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代高中生活，应用what引导，表示“像”且作谓语用be like。句子用一般现在时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.
57. 为了充分发挥你的潜力，充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。（汉译英）
【答案】To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词和固定句型。表示“为了”，应用不定式to do作目的状语，“潜力”，应用名词语“ potential”；“充分利用”，应用短语make the most of，表示“学校资源” ，短语为school resources，作短语make the most of的宾语；表示“对某人来说......是重要的”句子为it is important for sb to do...。故翻译为To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources。
58. 正如Lao-Tzu睿智的箴言所说的那样，“千里之行，始于足下。” (汉译英)
【答案】As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句，时态和短语。分析句子可知，句子为主从复合句，“正如Lao-Tzu睿智箴言所说的那样”为定语从句，用as引导非限制性定语从句，译为“正如”，指代整个主句，wisely“睿智地”，修饰谓语say，与主语Lao-Tzu是主动关系，根据句意应用一般过去时，故从句译为：As Lao-Tzu wisely said；主句主语A journey of a thousand miles“一千里的旅程”，是单数，谓语begin with“以……开始”，用单数，宾语a single step“一步”，客观真理用一般现在时，故答案为As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
59. 你可能会感到焦虑，因为你自己发育的速度和朋友们不同：要么是个头猛蹿，要么是远远落在其他人后面。(汉译英)
【答案】You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词、时态和宾语从句。表示“感到焦虑”表达为feel anxious，表示“以不同的速度”表达为at a different rate，表示“因为你自己发育的速度和朋友们不同”表达为宾语从句（从句用现在进行时）：that you are developing at a different rate to your friends；表示“个头猛蹿”为动词短语 shoot up in height，shoot与逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语；表示“远远落后面”为 get left behind，get与逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系，也用现在分词作状语。故翻译为You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind.
60. 尽管有时候一家人似乎根本无法和谐相处，但你还是可以采取行动改善这一局面。(汉译英)
【答案】Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，从句和短语。分析句子可知，句子为主从复合句，“尽管有时候一家人似乎根本无法和谐相处”为让步状语从句，可以用although引导从句，sometimes“有时候”，it may seem“似乎”，后接形容词impossible“不可能”作表语，it是形容词，真正的主语“和谐相处”用不定式，译为to get along，as a family“作为一家人”；主句主语you，can“可以”，接动词原形take action“采取行动”作谓语，“改善这一局面”译为improve the situation，用不定式形式作目的状语，故答案为Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
61. 这种情况带来的压力让我难受死了，我不知道接下来该怎么办。(汉译英)
【答案】The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m at a loss what to do next.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，定语和不定式。分析句子可知，句子用现在时态，且为并列句，上下文是顺承关系，用连接词and，“这种情况带来的压力”可译为the stress of this situation，“让我难受死了”可译为kill me，根据句意用现在进行时，结合主谓一致用谓语动词用单数，第二分句主语I，be at a loss to do sth.表示“不知道做什么”，用“疑问词+不定式”作表语，what to do“做什么”作表语，故答案为The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m at a loss what to do next.
62. 无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈谈。(汉译英)
【答案】In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、不定式和祈使句。分析句子可知，句子为祈使句，In any case“无论如何”，位于句首，作状语；find an opportunity“找个机会”，“和她深入、坦诚地谈谈”用不定式作opportunity的后置定语，译为to have a full and frank talk with her，故答案为In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
63. 在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时借助极端的方式来快速减肥。(汉译英)
【答案】In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和从句。表示“社会”应用名词society，表示“在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里”为where引导的定语从句，先行词为society，故为 where being thin is often seen as being beautiful；表示“青少年”为名词teenagers，在句中作主语；表示“借助于”短语为turn to，表示“极端的方式”为extreme methods在句中作宾语，表示“减肥”为动词短语 slim down，在句中应用动词不定式的方式作目的状语。叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
64. 他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。(汉译英)
【答案】They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“加大力度”应用动词短语increase one’s efforts，在句中作谓语；表示“教育”为动词educate，在句中作非谓语，表示“加大力度教育青少年有关……”为increase one’s efforts to educate teenagers about...；表示“不良反应”为名词短语side effects，表示“减肥引起的不良反应”为the side effects of losing weight，在句中作about的宾语。叙述目前一段时间正在发生的事，应用现在进行时。故翻译为They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
65. 此外，青少年应作息规律，多参加运动，才能精力旺盛、身体健康。(汉译英)
【答案】What’s more, teenagers should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“此外”短语为what’s more；主语为复数名词teenagers，表示“作息规律”用keep regular hours，“多参加运动”用get plenty of exercise；“保持精力旺盛、身体健康”用stay energetic and fit，该短语作目的状语，用不定式。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为What’s more, teenagers should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.
第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tony在你因病住院期间经常在网上辅导你学英语，并鼓励你积极面对病情。请写封邮件表示感谢，内容包括：
1.说明写信目的；
2.回顾Tony对你的帮助；
3.再次表达谢意。
注意：
1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2.词数80左右。
Dear Tony,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tony,
I’m writing to express my gratitude to you for your help and encouragement during my stay in hospital.
Undoubtedly if it were not for the fact that you helped me learn English online every day, I couldn’t have made my English study go smoothly as usual. It’s your constant encouragement and positive attitude towards life that guide me out of low spirits and help me deal with my illness, study and life in such a sound way.
Many thanks to you again. Wish you all the best.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tony在你因病住院期间经常在网上辅导你学英语，并鼓励你积极面对病情。请写封邮件表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感激：gratitude→appreciation
无疑地：undoubtedly→doubtlessly
进展顺利：go smoothly→get along well
应对：deal with→do with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to express my gratitude to you for your help and encouragement during my stay in hospital.
拓展句：I’m writing to express my gratitude to you because you helped and encouraged me during my stay in hospital.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Undoubtedly, if it were not for the fact that you helped me learn English online every day, I couldn’t have made my English study go smoothly as usual. （运用了虚拟语气，that引导同位语从句）
【高分句型2】 It’s your constant encouragement and positive attitude towards life that guide me out of low spirits and help me deal with my illness, study and life in such a sound way.（运用了强调句型）
听力1—5 ACABC 6—10 ABBAC 11—15 CBCBC 16—20 ACBAA
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