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2022-2023学年江苏省南京市第一中学高一上学期期中英语试卷 （解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省南京市第一中学高一上学期期中英语试卷 （解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
南京一中2022～2023学年度第一学期期中考试
高一英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听下面5段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Check the new bike. B. Ride the new bike. C. Buy a new bike.
2. What did the man do before 9:00 last night?
A. He watched TV. B. He slept for a while. C. He wrote the paper.
3. Why was the offer refused?
A. It was a bit high. B. It was rather low. C. It wasn’t fit for the market.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Go to the Johnsons’ for dinner.
B. Do the cooking experiment.
C. Use the old recipes tonight.
5. What’s the man’s decision?
A. Waiting for the bus. B. Walking to the next stop. C. Rearrange the meeting.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5，分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，听完每段对话后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why does the man call Louis Catering?
A. For an invitation. B. For food and drinks. C. For conference rooms.
7. How many people will attend the party?
A. 108. B. 112. C. 120.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the man going to Canada for?
A. Research. B. Further study. C. Sightseeing.
9. What will the speakers do next?
A. Pack clothes. B. Buy a suitcase. C. Prepare materials.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Who works in the power company?
A. The girl’s father. B. The girl’s classmate. C. The man’s classmate.
11. How will the girl go to the power company?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
12. What is the girl going to do first?
A. Visit the manager. B. Chat with the workers. C. Get ready for a picnic.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What does the competition try to find this year?
A. The best dancer. B. The best actor. C. The best singer.
14. How should people enter the competition?
A. By fax. B. By phone. C. Through the Internet.
15. When does the sports hall close this week?
A. At 10:30 pm. B. At 9:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm.
16. What do we know about the new swimming pool?
A. It will be free for the first week.
B. It is bigger than the old one.
C. It will be open earlier than planned.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What does CyberEdit aim to do?
A. Supply funding for businessmen.
B. Edit documents for Wired magazine.
C. Offer students computer editing services.
18. How many employees did the speaker hire at first?
A. Four B. Five. C. Ten.
19. Why did some investors invest money in CyberEdit?
A. It promised big returns. B. It got good publicity. C. It employed 50 students.
20. When is the best time for people to develop a business?
A. When they have the idea.
B. After they graduate from college.
C. After they have rich social experience.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“BEST PRODUCT WE’VE EVER SEEN”－THIS REALLY WORKS－ON SALE NOW
Need to lower your cholesterol (胆固醇)? We strongly recommend Cholesterol blockTM. This really works, and now is the best time to buy, because of a special offer for the first 250 customers only for a limited time.
* Takes cholesterol out of food, no matter what you eat.
* Clinically demonstrated effective in university and hospital testing.
* Lowers cholesterol absorption up to 42% or more．
* “NO SIDE EFFECTS unlike Liptor®, Zocor®, Crests®＆other commonly prescribed (处方的) medications－safe and effective.
* “Outsells all other brands on Internet every month.
LIMITED TIME ONLY—Try Cholesterol Watchers free with purchase. （108）
1. If you happen to be the 200th customer to buy Cholesterol block, you will ________.
A. be able to buy it at a low price
B. be the luckiest one online
C. try it free of charge
D. change your diet
2. Liptor®，Zocor®，Crestor® are ________.
A. diseases B. side effects C. medicines D. cholesterol
3. Where can you most probably read this passage?
A. In a travel guide book.
B. On a university bulletin board（布告牌）.
C. In a health magazine.
D. In a doctor's prescription.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文属于应用文。介绍了一种降低胆固醇的药物CholestrolblockTM，说明了这种药物的特点以及目前的优惠活动，目的在于吸引人们购买。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“This really works, and now is the best time to buy，because of a special offer for the first 250 customers only for a limited time.(这真的很管用，现在是购买的最佳时机，因为前250名客户的特别优惠仅限于有限时间)”可知，在限定时间内的前250名顾客可以享受到特价，结合题干，第200名顾客自然也可以有这个优惠。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二句“NO SIDE EFFECTS unlike Liptor®, Zocor®，Crests®＆other commonly prescribed（处方的）medications(与Liptor®、Zocor®、Crests®和其他常用处方药不同，无副作用)”推知，Liptor®, Zocor®，Crests®都是处方药物。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍了一种降低胆固醇的药物CholestrolblockTM.，这是与健康有关话题。所以最可能出现在健康杂志里。故选C。
B
As a youngster, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me. I was used to tidy living rooms that seemed to whisper, “Not to be touched!”
I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old; some stones were missing, others loose and falling. Still, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally, one spring afternoon, I had all my courage to enter the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
“I, uh—I want to climb the stone walls,” I said. Everyone looked up. “Can I climb the stone walls?” Immediately voices of disagreement went up from the women in the room. “Heavens, no! You’ll hurt yourself!” I wasn’t too disappointed; the response was just as I’d expected. But before I could leave the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s loud voice. “Now hold on just a minute,” I heard him say. “Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”
“Go,” he said to me, “and come and see me when you get back.” For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls—and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventures. I’ll never forget what he said. “Fred,” he said, smiling, “You made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”
Many years have passed since then, and today I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. “There’s only one person in this whole world like you.” the kids can count on hearing me say, “and people can like you exactly as you are.”
4. When the writer was small, he lived ________.
A in the city B. on the farm
C. with his grandparents D. away from his parents
5. The writer enjoyed his visits to the farm because ________.
A. there were old stone walls B. it was an exciting place for him
C. he liked his grandfather D. the living room there was clean
6. We can learn from the passage that the writer was ________.
A. adventurous B. funny C. smart D. talkative
7. What did the writer learn from his grandfather and his own experience on the farm?
A. To do things for others. B. To do whatever he liked.
C. To be proud of himself. D. To be himself.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候去祖父的农场，对那里岌岌可危的石墙很感兴趣，尽管大人们反对他去爬，但是祖父鼓励他按照自己的想法去做。这一次经历给作者留下深刻的人生哲理：人们就会喜欢真实的你。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.(房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。)”可知，作者是一个来自城市的孩子。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.(房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。)”可知，对于一个城市孩子来说，农场里的房子，田地，石墙为他提供了乐趣，这是一个令作者感到有乐趣的令他兴奋的地方。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old; some stones were missing, others loose and falling. Still, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that…(自从我第一次参观农场以来，我最想要的就是被允许爬上房子周围的石墙。我父母绝不会同意的。墙很旧了；有些石头不见了，有些松动了，正在掉落。尽管如此，我想要爬过那些墙的念头还是越来越强烈，以至于……)”可知，虽然石墙已经很破旧了，但是，作者想要爬过那些墙的念头还是越来越强烈，由此可推知，他是一个有冒险精神的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第末尾段内容“There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. ‘There’s only one person in this whole world like you.’ the kids can count on hearing me say, ‘and people can like you exactly as you are.’(这些年来，情况发生了变化，但有一件事是不变的：我在几乎每次探访结束时对孩子们说的话。“这个世界上只有一个人像你。孩子们可以指望听到我说，“人们就会喜欢真实的你。”)”可知，作者从祖父的话和自己的经历中学到了“做真实的自己”这一生活哲理。故选D项。
C
The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.
“At some point, I realised I should do more than this,” said Mr Singer, a former high school teacher.
Now Mr Singer, 74, and his wife Madine, 69, are involved in the Retired and Senior Volunteer Programme. Mr Singer volunteers with the Community Health Advocates Programme, which started in 2010. The programme helps consumers to know better about the health insurance coverage(医疗保险). And it helps them to find access to low-cost or free care. Mr Singer’s main task is to answer phones for the Community Health Advocates’ helpline.
“There are lots of calls from different people who need medical care, but they can’t get it because their insurance company won’t pay for it,” he said. “And you got to go through doctors, and get the papers filled out. But when you get it done, yeah, it feels good.”
The helpline helps about 250 callers each week and has saved consumers $12.1 million since it began. Mr Singer comes in once a week, helping 10 callers every shift. In total, he estimates he has saved New Yorkers $443,000.
Despite the challenges, the work is a joy, not drudgery for Mr Singer, which inspired his wife to sign up for volunteer training after she retired in late 2014 as vice president of the Insurance Information Institute. It put her fear of retirement at ease.
Mrs Singer trained with the Advocacy, Counseling and Entitlement Services Project before being placed with the Actor’s Fund, a national human services organization for performing arts and entertainment professionals founded in 1882. “It just seems so unfair that these people have trouble finding housing,” said Mrs Singer. Since she started in early 2015, Mrs Singer has had more than 270 appointments with clients, from ticket takers to screenwriters to dancers. “Having someone help them really means a lot to them,” Mrs Singer said.
Much of her work is helping clients who are applying for affordable housing sort through a variety of income sources they receive. “It keeps the mind going,” Mrs Singer said. “It keeps the social life going, and I’m doing something.”
8. In paragraph 2, this refers to_________.
A. riding bikes in New York City B. visiting museums and art galleries
C. spending Mr Singer’s life purely for fun D. teaching in a high school
9. The word drudgery in paragraph 6 most probably means ________.
A. tiring training B. boring work
C. inspiring training D. exciting work
10. What does Mrs Singer think of her volunteer work?
A. Meaningful. B. Easy. C. Affordable. D. Relaxing.
11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. Live a Simple Life after Retirement
B. Adapt to Social Life after Retirement
C. Find Rewards in Volunteering after Retirement
D. Overcome Difficulties in Volunteering after Retirement
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了主人公Stuart Singer退休后在志愿者工作中获得了乐趣，收获了人生意义的故事。
【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第一段“The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.”（Stuart Singer退休后的头两年纯粹是玩耍，骑自行车在纽约市消磨时间，参观博物馆和艺术画廊。）可知，Stuart Singer退休后的时间纯属用来玩耍，后来他意识到应该不止做这些，所以this是指“Stuart Singer的生活纯粹是为了娱乐”。故选C。
2.词句猜测题。根据第六段第一句“the work is a joy”（这工作是一种乐趣）和not可知，not后的意思和前面相反，所以是“无聊的”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Having someone help them really means a lot to them”（有人帮助他们对他们来说意义重大）可知，他认为他的志愿者工作很有意义。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。文章前三段讲述了Stuart Singer退休后找了一份志愿者工作，后五段讲述了Stuart Singer在志愿者工作中获得了乐趣，收获了意义。所以文章的标题应为“休后参加志愿活动获得回报”。故选C。
D
When I was a child, I often saw my Grandma throwing bread that was no longer fresh to birds. Not surprisingly, this attracted few birds. Later on, we discovered bird food at the local store. Feeding garden birds in the UK has come a long way since then. Today, the birds can enjoy many kinds of food: from plant seeds to sunflower hearts and from cakes to meat balls. All this comes at a huge cost of about £200m a year. Sometimes, I wonder if we might be feeding our garden birds better than our kids. But maybe it’s worth it. Our generosity is having an important effect on the behavior and even evolution of these birds.
Take the goldfinch for example. In the 1960s, this was a rare bird. Today, goldfinches can be seen in many gardens. Other new visitors include the spotted woodpecker, which has left its usual woodland for food on bird tables. Evolution is meant to progress slowly: over thousands of years. Yet during the past few decades, the beaks of many kinds of birds have become longer because birds with longer beaks can get more food, and then are more likely to live on.
Is bird feeding completely good for birds? Not everyone thinks so. Studies by the Zoological Society of London have shown that by bringing together many birds, bird feeders may help the spread of disease. In Australia, some bird experts believe—probably wrongly—that bird feeding creates a “dependence culture”.
But we shouldn’t forget one major benefit of feeding garden birds—it connects millions of people to the natural world. This is especially important for people who seldom reach the wider countryside. As I write this, there comes some noise outside my window: several birds were singing and flying around in my garden. It’s a sight I could only imagine years ago, when feeding garden birds just meant throwing hard bread to them.
12. What does the author mean by saying the underlined part in Paragraph 1?
A. Feeding garden birds is a huge waste of money.
B. We spend quite a lot of money on the food of garden birds.
C. We should care more for our kids rather than garden birds.
D. Feeding garden birds can bring more joy than feeding kids.
13. Which is the reason behind the fact that many birds’ beaks become longer?
A. These birds have given up traditional woodland.
B. Food for these birds becomes richer and better.
C. Longer beaks mean more chances of survival.
D. These birds grow faster than ever before.
14. What do some bird experts in Australia think of bird feeding?
A. It is completely good for birds.
B. It may help the spread of disease.
C. It connects more and more people to the natural world.
D. It may reduce birds’ ability to find food by themselves.
15. How does the author feel when he hears bird noise outside his window?
A. Annoyed. B. Pleased. C. Surprised. D. Bored.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类的喂食行为对鸟类进化的影响，英国人喂养花园鸟类的习惯的历史以及人们对喂鸟行为的看法等。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段五、六句“Today, the birds can enjoy many kinds of food: from plant seeds to sunflower hearts and from cakes to meat balls. All this comes at a huge cost of about £200m a year.(如今，这些鸟可以享用很多食物：从植物种子到葵花籽，从蛋糕到肉丸。所有这些都要花费每年大约2亿英镑的巨大成本)”可知，作者认为人们在花园的鸟食上花费了太多的钱，即划线部分意思为“我们花了很多钱在花园的鸟食上”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Yet during the past few decades, the beaks of many kinds of birds have become longer because birds with longer beaks can get more food, and then are more likely to live on.(然而在过去的几十年里，许多种类的鸟的喙变长了，因为长喙的鸟可以得到更多的食物，从而更有可能生存下去)”可知，许多鸟的喙变长了，这背后的原因是长喙意味着更多的生存机会。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“In Australia, some bird experts believe—probably wrongly—that bird feeding creates a ‘dependence culture’.(在澳大利亚，一些鸟类专家认为喂鸟可能是错误的——鸟类喂养创造了一种‘依赖文化’)”可知，澳大利亚的一些鸟类专家认为喂鸟是错误的，因为喂鸟可能会降低鸟类自己寻找食物的能力，造成对人类的依赖。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But we shouldn’t forget one major benefit of feeding garden birds—it connects millions of people to the natural world. This is especially important for people who seldom reach the wider countryside. As I write this, there comes some noise outside my window: several birds were singing and flying around in my garden. It’s a sight I could only imagine years ago, when feeding garden birds just meant throwing hard bread to them.(但是我们不应该忘记给花园里的鸟喂食的一个主要好处——它把数百万人与自然世界联系在一起。这对很少到更广阔的农村地区的人来说尤其重要。当我写这篇文章的时候，窗外传来了一些声音：几只鸟儿在我的花园里唱歌、飞翔。这是我多年前只能想象的景象，当时给花园里的鸟儿喂食只是向它们扔硬面包)”可知，作者认为给鸟喂食将人与自然联系起来，这对农村地区的人非常重要。由此推知，当作者听到窗外鸟鸣时，他感觉很高兴。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（其中有两项为多余选项）
Expect guests over and don’t have a lot of time to cook up a feast? ____16____ Throw in some fried chicken and you would soon have your guests eating out of your hands.
Fried rice is the simplest dish in the world to prepare. Even a twelve-year-old can do it! ____17____ You would need some garlic, vegetables, prawns and a few cups of cooked rice plus some seasoning.
Start by peeling the garlic. To do this real quickly, use the blade of the chopper and give the garlic a good smack. You will find the skin peeling right off. Then, chop the garlic finely. Alternatively, you could use a blender. ____18____ You wouldn’t want to be eating pesticides and dirt, would you? Cut the vegetables and prawns into small pieces.
Then, put the pan over the fire and pour in some oil. Once it is hot, put in the garlic and fry till you get a heavenly garlicky smell. ____19____ Quickly add in the prawns, followed by the vegetables and rice. Stir well. And in some seasoning. And, to make things easier, buy one of those prepacked seasoning from the supermarket. They not only taste good, they are cheap and convenient too. Stir well to ensure your rice is well coated with the seasoning. Garnish with some cut chillies and serve hot. Your guests will love you for this. ____20____
A. It beats calling for pizza again!
B. A simple dish of fried rice will do.
C. Make sure they do not burn though.
D. For the vegetables, wash them properly first.
E. To begin, you have to prepare all the ingredients.
F. Traditionally, we wouldn’t put many expensive ingredients.
G. To make fried rice is a good way to clear all the leftovers in fridge.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了如何制作炒饭。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Expect guests over and don't have a lot of time to cook up a feast?(期待客人的到来，但是有没有太多的时间做大餐，是吧？)”可知，空前提到没有时间做大餐来招待客人，故B项“一碗简单的蛋炒饭就可以解决”符合题意，没有时间做大餐，那么就做一碗蛋炒饭来招待他们，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“You would need some garlic, vegetables, prawns and a few cups of cooked rice plus some seasoning.(你可能需要大蒜，蔬菜，虾和几碗熟米饭，外加一些调料)”可知，空后提出了做炒饭需要的一些食材，故E项“开始，你需要准备好所有的食材”符合题意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据空后“You wouldn’t want to be eating pesticides and dirt, would you?(你应该不会想要吃到杀虫剂和泥土吧？)”可知，空后提出不想要吃到杀虫剂和泥土。由此可知，我们需要把菜清洗干净。故D项“对于蔬菜，首先你需要清洗它们”符合题意，你需要清洗蔬菜，因为不想要吃到蔬菜上的杀虫剂和泥土，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Once it is hot, put in the garlic and fry till you get a heavenly garlicky smell.(锅热了，就将大蒜放进去翻炒，直到你闻到一股扑鼻的蒜香味)”和空后“Quickly add in the prawns, followed by the vegetables and rice.(然后迅速放入虾仁，接着放入蔬菜和米饭)”可知，空前提到将大蒜放入锅里炒香，空后提到迅速放入虾仁。由此推知，空处陈述炒大蒜的注意事项。故C项“但是不要炒胡了”符合题意，与空前构成转折关系，故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Your guests will love you for this.(你的客人会喜欢你做的蛋炒饭的)”可知，此空位于全文末尾，前文讲述了做蛋炒饭的过程，空前总结你的客人会喜欢你做的蛋炒饭，故A项“它总比叫外卖披萨强”符合，你的客人会喜欢你做的蛋炒饭，因为它比叫外卖强，故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”. Even the simplest business such as buying a train ticket requires ____21____ seven or eight of these. Another ____22____ of our good manners is the queue. New-comers to Britain could be ____23____ for thinking that queuing rather than football was the ____24____ national sport. Finally, of course, motorists generally stop at crossings. But does all this mean that the British should consider themselves more ____25____ than their European neighbours? I think not.
Take forms of address(称呼) for example. The average English person -- ____26____ he happens to work in a hotel or department store--would rather die than call a stranger “Sir” or “Madam”. ____27____ in some European countries this is the most basic of common address. Our universal “you” ____28____ everyone may appear more democratic, but it means that we are forced to seek out complicated ways to express ____29____. I am all for _____30_____ to the use of “thee” and “thou” (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for “you”); “you” would be reserved for strangers and professional relationships.
And of course, the English find touching and other shows of friendship truly _____31_____. Have you noticed how the British _____32_____ ever touch? Personally, I find the Latin habit of shaking hands or a friendly kiss quite charming. _____33_____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror, or, if their _____34_____ is blocked you will find your lips touching the back of their head. Now what could be _____35_____ than that?
21. A. at least B. at most C. less than D. not more than
22. A. signal B. scene C. sign D. sight
23. A. forgiven B. alarmed C. calmed D. comforted
24. A. true B. tough C. superior D. advanced
25. A. potential B. social C. polite D. well-meaning
26. A. if B. whether C. when D. unless
27. A. Yet B. So C. Thus D. Also
28. A. from B. for C. by D. on
29. A. politeness B. gratitude C. concern D. consideration
30. A. responding B. returning C. escaping D. contributing
31. A. passive B. flexible C. terrifying D. generous
32. A. highly B. mostly C. hardly D. nearly
33. A. Risk B. Stop C. Keep D. Try
34. A. contact B. response C. target D. escape
35. A. better B. ruder C. more polite D. more frightening
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过描述英国人的日常行为，反应出英国人自认为是礼貌的这件事是不符合事实的，作者认为他们的行为是很粗鲁的，不礼貌的。
【21题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：即使是最简单的业务，比如买火车票，也至少需要七到八次说这样的礼貌用语。A. at least至少；B. at most最多； C. less than比…少；D. not more than没有...多。根据上文“The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”.”可知，英国人在生活中很喜欢用礼貌用语，所以即使是买火车票这样简单的事情，也至少需要七到八次说这样的礼貌用语。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们礼貌的另一个标志是排队。A. signal信号；B. scene场景；C. sign标志，符合；D. sight视线，风景。根据下文“of our good manners is the queue”可知，这里指他们英国人体现礼貌的另一个标志是在排队的时候体现出来的。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：新来英国的人认为排队而不是足球是先进的国家运动，这是情有可原的。A. forgiven原谅；B. alarmed警报；C. calmed冷静；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“New-comers to Britain”可知，这是对新来英国的人的态度，所以他们即使有错误的认识是可以被原谅的。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. true真的；B. tough艰难的；C. superior高级的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“football”可知，足球在英国应该是被认为是发展比较先进的国家运动项目。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这一切是否意味着英国人应该认为自己比欧洲邻国更有礼貌？A. potential有潜力的；B. social社会的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. well-meaning善意的。根据上文“The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”.”可知，这里说的是英国人的礼貌问题。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：一般的英国人——除非碰巧在酒店或百货公司工作——宁愿死也不愿叫陌生人“先生”或“女士”。A. if如果；B. whether是否；C. when当…时候；D. unless除非。根据上文“The average English person”可知，这里提到的不是一般的英国人，而是在服务行业工作的英国人。本句为unless引导的条件状语从句。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一些欧洲国家，这是最基本的通用称呼。A. Yet然而；B. So因此；C. Thus因此；D. Also也。根据上文“The average English person -- ____6____ he happens to work in a hotel or department store--would rather die than call a stranger “Sir” or “Madam”.”和下文“in some European countries this is the most basic of common address.”可知，上下文是转折的关系。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们对每个人的普遍称呼“你”可能看起来更平等，但这意味着我们不得不寻找复杂的方式来表达礼貌。A. from从；B. for为了；C. by通过；D. on在…上面。根据下文“everyone”可知，“you”是对每个人的称呼。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. politeness礼貌；B. gratitude感激；C. concern关心；D. consideration考虑。根据上文“seek out complicated ways to express”可知，这里指要寻找复杂的方式来表达礼貌。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我完全赞成重新使用“thee”和“thou”（“thee”和“thou”是“you”的老式诗词）；“you”将只适用于陌生人和职业关系。A. responding回应；B. returning回归；C. escaping逃跑；D. contributing贡献。根据下文“the use of “thee” and “thou” (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for “you”)”可知，作者建议回到以前对“你”的称呼的使用。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，英国人觉得感人的友谊和其他友谊的表现真的很可怕。A. passive被动的；B. flexible灵活的；C. terrifying令人害怕的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“____13____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror”可知，英国人觉得感人的友谊和其他友谊的表现真的很可怕。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你注意到英国人几乎从不接触吗？A. highly高地；B. mostly大部分；C. hardly几乎不；D. nearly几乎。根据下文“____13____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror”可知，英国人不喜欢过于亲密的接触。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着亲吻普通的英国人，他们会吓得后退两步，或者，如果他们的逃跑被阻止，你会发现你的嘴唇碰到了他们的后脑勺。A. Risk冒险；B. Stop停止；C. Keep保持；D. Try尝试。根据下文“kissing the average English person”可知，这里是作者建议人们是试一下亲吻普通的英国人，然后可以看看他们的反应。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. contact联系；B. response回应；C. target目标；D. escape逃跑。根据下文“you will find your lips touching the back of their head”可知，当你去亲吻英国人的时候，你却吻到了他们的后脑勺，说明他们是想逃跑，不想让你亲吻。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，还有什么比这更粗鲁的了吗？A. better更好的；B. ruder更粗鲁的；C. more polite更有礼貌的；D. more frightening更令人害怕的。根据上文“But does all this mean that the British should consider themselves more ____5____ than their European neighbours? I think not.”和“____13____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror, or, if their ____14____ is blocked you will find your lips touching the back of their head.”可知，作者并不认为英国人是礼貌的，反而认为他们的行为是很粗鲁的，不礼貌的。故选B。
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once upon a time, there was a poor young man called Ma Liang. He helped a rich man to tend cattle. He liked drawing and drew pictures everywhere. One night, he dreamed that an old man gave him a magic paintbrush. When he woke up, he was ____36____ (amaze) to find the magic paintbrush on his desk.
When he saw that people had no water to use ____37____ the fields, he drew a river and the river came to life. When he saw ____38____ was difficult for people to till lands, he drew a cow and the cow came to life. The rich man whom Ma Liang helped heard that the magic paint brush could turn everything to life. He ____39____ (seek) Ma Liang and took him to the prison. He got the magic paintbrush and felt very happy. He drew a lot of pictures, ____40____ could not become real. He was filled with ____41____ (angry) and asked some people to get Ma Liang.
When Ma Liang came, the rich man felt happy and said, “I want a golden mountain.” “____42____ (definite)!” Ma Liang drew a sea first. Then the young man drew a golden mountain which was far away from the sea. The bad man saw that and felt very happy. Ma Liang ____43____ (remind) of a big ship quickly. It was ____44____ (horror) to see the rich man jump into the ship. When the ship sailed to the middle of the sea, the young man drew a large wave and it destroyed the ship. So the rich man met his _____45_____ (die).
After that, the young man lived with his family happily and kept on helping the poor. So the magic paintbrush was known by everyone.
【答案】36. amazed
37. for 38. it
39. sought 40. which
41. anger 42. Definitely
43. was reminded
44. horrible
45. death
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述神笔马良智斗贪婪的富人的故事。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当他醒来时，他惊讶地发现桌子上有一支神奇的画笔。空处需填形容词，作表语，修饰人，表示“感到吃惊的”，需用-ed结尾的形容词。故填amazed。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：当他看到人们没有水可以用来耕田时，他画了一条河，这条河就活了起来。空处需要介词，表示“为了”的意思。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查it做形式主语。句意：当他看到人们很艰难地在耕种土地时，他画了一头牛，这头牛活了过来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to till lands，所以要用it做形式主语。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他找了马良，并把他关进了监狱。空格处需要谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去时。故填sought。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他画了很多画，但是却都没有变成真的。分析句子结构可知，____5____ could not become real是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a lot of pictures，在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他满怀愤怒，并让一些人去找马良。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要名词，作介词with的宾语，表示“生气”的意思，是不可数名词。故填anger。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当马良来的时候，富人很高兴，说：“我想要一座金山。”“没问题！”马良先画了一个海。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查口语，需要用副词，表示“没问题！”的意思。故填Definitely。
43题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：马良又被提醒快点画一艘大船。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去时。句子主语Ma Liang和谓语动词remind是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动结构，be动词用was。故填was reminded。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：看到那位富人跳上船真是恐怖。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，表示“令人恐怖的”意思。故填horrible。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：于是，这位富翁遇到了他的死亡。his为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，表示“死亡”的意思，是不可数名词。故填death。
第四部分 词汇运用(满分25分)
阅读下列句子并从每组右栏A-F中选出正确选项。词形不必考虑。(共25小题;每小题1分,满分25分)
选词填空
A. confidence；B. quality；C. graduate；D. reflection；E. operation；F. emergency
46. He checked into a top LONDON clinic yesterday for a(n) ___ on his knee.
47. If you smile and have _______, you will think in a more positive way.
48. He said the shooter was likely killed by the police officers who answered the ______ at the school.
49. At first I disagreed, but on __________, I realized she was right.
50. But common sense stands out. If you develop these ______, you'll succeed.
【答案】46. E 47. A
48. F 49. D
50. B
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：他昨天到伦敦一家顶级诊所接受膝盖手术。分析句子结构，此处作介词宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“手术”，operation符合题意。故选E。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你微笑并有自信，你会以更积极的方式思考。分析句子结构，此处作宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“信心”，confidence符合题意。故选A。
48题详解】
考查名词。句意：他说，枪手很可能是被学校应急人员击毙的。分析句子结构，此处作宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“紧急”，emergency符合题意。故选F。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：起初我不同意，但仔细想想，我意识到她是对的。分析句子结构，介词后面接名词，作宾语，结合句意，表达“思考，反思”，on reflection符合题意。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：但常识很突出。如果你培养这些品质，你就会成功。分析句子结构，此处作宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“品质”，quality符合题意。故选B。
选词填空
A. generous；B. awkward；C. efficient；D. flexible；E. passive；F. secure
51. No teacher likes students who take a(n) ________ learning attitude.
52. It was very _______ of them to share their meal with their poor neighbors.
53. He was determined to give his family a(n) ________ and solid base.
54. We need someone really _______ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.
55. Unlike traditional gyms, APP-based gyms offer people _______ options to exercise according to their own schedule.
【答案】51. E 52. A
53. F 54. C
55. D
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有老师喜欢消极学习的学生。分析句意再根据空格后的learning attitude可知，此处用形容词passive作定语，表示“消极的”学习态度，符合语境。故选E项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们很慷慨，与贫穷的邻居们分享了他们的食物。分析句意可知，此处应该用形容人的性格的形容词，所以用generous表示“慷慨的”符合语境。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：他决心给他的家庭一个稳固的基础。分析句意再根据and可知，此处用形容词secure与and后的形容词solid构成并列关系，表示“稳固的、可靠的”符合语境。故选F项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们需要一个真正有效率的人，他能把办公室组织起来，使它运转顺畅。分析句意再根据句式结构可知，此处用形容词efficient作后置定语修饰someone表示“效率高的”人，符合语境。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：与传统健身房不同的是，基于app的健身房为人们提供了灵活的锻炼选择，可以根据自己的时间表进行锻炼。分析句意再根据空格后的名词options可知，此处用形容词flexible修饰名词options表示“灵活的”选择，符合语境。故选D项。
选词填空
A attracted；B. reminded；C. struggled；D. ignored；E. admired；F. exploded
56. Far sooner than anyone thought possible, the Russians _______ an atomic bomb.
57. After a series of emotional and health problems, Steve _______ to bring up the family on a low income.
58. Exhibitions in other areas in China have ____ thousands of holiday tourists so far.
59. He was _______ of his duty to speak truth when questioned in court.
60. The little boy took out his favourite red sports car, and was delighted when Tom knelt down and _______ the toy.
【答案】56. F 57. C
58. A 59. B
60. E
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查动词。句意：俄罗斯人比任何人想象的都快爆炸了原子弹。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“爆炸”，时态为一般过去时，用exploded。故选F。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：在经历了一系列的情绪和健康问题后，史蒂夫努力以低收入养育这个家庭。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“努力做某事”，struggled to do sth符合题意。故选C。
【58题详解】
考查动词。句意：到目前为止，中国其他地区的展览吸引了数千名假日游客。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“吸引”，用动词过去分词形式，attracted符合题意。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词。句意：他被提醒在法庭上接受讯问时有责任说实话。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“被提醒”，be informed of sth符合题意。故选B。
【60题详解】
考查动词。句意：小男孩拿出他最喜欢的红色跑车，当汤姆跪下来欣赏玩具时，他很高兴。分析句子结构，此处作从句谓语动词，根据句意，此处表达“欣赏”，结合语境，动词用一般过去时，admired符合题意。故选E。
选词填空
A. took on；B. turned out；C. shot up；D. brought out；E. got over；F. counted on
61. Working with the medical team in Africa has _________ the best in her as a doctor.
62. If prices ______ any higher, no one would be able to afford to live in the area.
63. I had expected the weather to be better, but it ________ to be worse.
64. The whole team _____ Christiano Ronaldo，and he seldom let them down.
65. Coffee ______ a flavour all of its own when enjoyed with freshly cooked pastry.
【答案】61. D 62. C
63. B 64. F
65. A
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在非洲与医疗队一起工作，使她发挥出了作为一名医生的最好能力。分析句意再根据空格后的the best可知，此处用短语bring out构成固定短语bring out the best表示“显露其最美好的一面”符合语境，再根据has可知，应该用现在完成时。故选D项。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果房价再涨，就没人能住得起这个地区了。分析句意再根据空格前的prices可知，此处用固定短语shoot up表示“暴涨”符合语境，再根据后面主句中的would be可知，本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以从句中应该用一般过去时。故选C项。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我原以为天气会好一些，但结果更糟了。分析句意再根据下文的worse可知，此处用固定短语turn out表示“结果是”更糟的，符合语境，再根据上文的expected可知，此处要用一般过去式。故选B项。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：全队都指望着克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，而他很少让他们失望。根据下文“he seldom let them down(他很少让他们失望)”可知，此处用固定短语count on sb表示“指望某人”符合语境。故选F项。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：当咖啡与新鲜出炉的糕点一起享用时，它就呈现出了自己的风味。分析句意再根据空格后的a flavour可知，此处用固定短语take on表示“呈现出”一种风味。符合语境，再根据下文的enjoyed可知，此处应该用动词的过去式。故选A项。
选词填空
A over time; B. on the rocks; C. in person; D. through thick and thin; E. at a loss; F. as a result
66. A lot of people who lose weight gain it back ________, and end up back where they started.
67. He has supported the team for over 10 years _________.
68. When I saw my favorite singer _______, I nearly fainted in excitement.
69. Detectives are so far ________ to explain the reason for his death.
70. If your relationship hits a difficult period, you can say it is ________. This saying comes from boating.
【答案】66. A 67. D
68. C 69. E
70. B
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：很多减肥的人随着时间的推移体重会反弹，最终回到开始的水平。分析可知，设空处用副词短语作状语，结合前文“who lose weight”，以及“gain it back”可推知，该句应是表达“减肥的人会体重反弹”，这是随着时间发生的。A项“over time”，意为“随着时间”，符合句意表达。故选A项。
【67题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：10多年来，他一直支持这支球队，同甘共苦。分析可知，设空处为状语，可用介词短语作状语。结合前文提及的时间“over 10 years”可知，“他”支持这个球队很长时间了，应是用介词短语“through thick and thin”，表达“无论风雨，同甘共苦，不离不弃”含义。故选D项。
【68题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：当我亲眼看到我最喜欢的歌手时，我兴奋得差点晕倒。分析可知，设空处应是状语，用介词短语作状语。根据前文“my favorite singer”，后文“fainted in excitement”可推知，应是亲眼见到了自己喜爱的歌手本人。选项C“in person”，意为“亲自”，符合句意表达。故选C项。
【69题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：侦探们到目前为止还无法解释他的死因。分析可知，空前有“are”，因此，应是固定短语“be at a loss”，意为“不知所措”。故选E项。
【70题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：如果你们的关系遇到了困难时期，你可以说是触礁了。这句话来源于划船。根据前文“If your relationship hits a difficult period(如果你们的关系遇到了困难)”语境可知，所选短语应是表达“艰难”含义，选项B“on the rocks”意为“触礁；恋情告急”，符合句意表达。故选B项。
第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假如你是李华，学校举行英文儿歌歌词创作大赛。请以 I wonder what I will be when I grow up为题完成该歌词创作任务。注意：至少3次使用定语从句。写作词数应为80左右。
I wonder what I will be when I grow up
I wonder what I will be when I grow up
I want to be a (an)...
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a teacher, who will devote himself to educating students to be a real person.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a doctor, who will sacrifice himself to save many lives and families.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a nurse, who will help doctors to accomplish their missions.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be an architect, who will construct wonderful buildings to make the city more beautiful.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a (an)...
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就“I wonder what I will be when I grow up”为题，写一首英文儿歌。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
建设：construct→build
完成：accomplish→finish/fulfill
贡献：devote→contribute
美丽的：beautiful→gorgeous
2.句式拓展：
原句：I want to be an architect, who will construct wonderful buildings to make the city more beautiful.
拓展句：I want to be an architect, who will apply himself to constructing wonderful buildings, making the city more beautiful.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I want to be a teacher, who will devote himself to educating students to be a real person.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder what I will be when I grow up.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
南京一中2022～2023学年度第一学期期中考试
高一英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听下面5段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Check the new bike. B. Ride the new bike. C. Buy a new bike.
2. What did the man do before 9:00 last night?
A. He watched TV. B. He slept for a while. C. He wrote the paper.
3. Why was the offer refused?
A. It was a bit high. B. It was rather low. C. It wasn’t fit for the market.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Go to the Johnsons’ for dinner.
B. Do the cooking experiment.
C. Use the old recipes tonight.
5. What’s the man’s decision?
A. Waiting for the bus. B. Walking to the next stop. C. Rearrange the meeting.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5，分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，听完每段对话后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why does the man call Louis Catering?
A. For an invitation. B. For food and drinks. C. For conference rooms.
7. How many people will attend the party?
A. 108. B. 112. C. 120.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the man going to Canada for?
A. Research. B. Further study. C. Sightseeing.
9. What will the speakers do next?
A. Pack clothes. B. Buy a suitcase. C. Prepare materials.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Who works in the power company?
A. The girl’s father. B. The girl’s classmate. C. The man’s classmate.
11. How will the girl go to the power company?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
12. What is the girl going to do first?
A. Visit the manager. B. Chat with the workers. C. Get ready for a picnic.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What does the competition try to find this year?
A. The best dancer. B. The best actor. C. The best singer.
14. How should people enter the competition?
A. By fax. B. By phone. C. Through the Internet.
15. When does the sports hall close this week?
A. At 10:30 pm. B. At 9:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm.
16. What do we know about the new swimming pool?
A. It will be free for the first week.
B. It is bigger than the old one.
C. It will be open earlier than planned.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What does CyberEdit aim to do?
A. Supply funding for businessmen.
B. Edit documents for Wired magazine.
C. Offer students computer editing services.
18. How many employees did the speaker hire at first?
A. Four B. Five. C. Ten.
19. Why did some investors invest money in CyberEdit?
A. It promised big returns. B. It got good publicity. C. It employed 50 students.
20. When is the best time for people to develop a business?
A. When they have the idea.
B. After they graduate from college.
C. After they have rich social experience.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“BEST PRODUCT WE’VE EVER SEEN”－THIS REALLY WORKS－ON SALE NOW
Need to lower your cholesterol (胆固醇)? We strongly recommend Cholesterol blockTM. This really works, and now is the best time to buy, because of a special offer for the first 250 customers only for a limited time.
* Takes cholesterol out of food, no matter what you eat.
* Clinically demonstrated effective in university and hospital testing.
* Lowers cholesterol absorption up to 42% or more．
* “NO SIDE EFFECTS unlike Liptor®, Zocor®, Crests®＆other commonly prescribed (处方的) medications－safe and effective.
* “Outsells all other brands on Internet every month.
LIMITED TIME ONLY—Try Cholesterol Watchers free with purchase. （108）
1. If you happen to be the 200th customer to buy Cholesterol block, you will ________.
A. be able to buy it at a low price
B. be the luckiest one online
C. try it free of charge
D. change your diet
2. Liptor®，Zocor®，Crestor® are ________.
A. diseases B. side effects C. medicines D. cholesterol
3. Where can you most probably read this passage?
A. In a travel guide book.
B. On a university bulletin board（布告牌）.
C. In a health magazine.
D. In a doctor's prescription.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文属于应用文。介绍了一种降低胆固醇的药物CholestrolblockTM，说明了这种药物的特点以及目前的优惠活动，目的在于吸引人们购买。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“This really works, and now is the best time to buy，because of a special offer for the first 250 customers only for a limited time.(这真的很管用，现在是购买的最佳时机，因为前250名客户的特别优惠仅限于有限时间)”可知，在限定时间内的前250名顾客可以享受到特价，结合题干，第200名顾客自然也可以有这个优惠。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二句“NO SIDE EFFECTS unlike Liptor®, Zocor®，Crests®＆other commonly prescribed（处方的）medications(与Liptor®、Zocor®、Crests®和其他常用处方药不同，无副作用)”推知，Liptor®, Zocor®，Crests®都是处方药物。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍了一种降低胆固醇的药物CholestrolblockTM.，这是与健康有关话题。所以最可能出现在健康杂志里。故选C。
B
As a youngster, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me. I was used to tidy living rooms that seemed to whisper, “Not to be touched!”
I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old; some stones were missing, others loose and falling. Still, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally, one spring afternoon, I had all my courage to enter the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
“I, uh—I want to climb the stone walls,” I said. Everyone looked up. “Can I climb the stone walls?” Immediately voices of disagreement went up from the women in the room. “Heavens, no! You’ll hurt yourself!” I wasn’t too disappointed; the response was just as I’d expected. But before I could leave the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s loud voice. “Now hold on just a minute,” I heard him say. “Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”
“Go,” he said to me, “and come and see me when you get back.” For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls—and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventures. I’ll never forget what he said. “Fred,” he said, smiling, “You made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”
Many years have passed since then, and today I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. “There’s only one person in this whole world like you.” the kids can count on hearing me say, “and people can like you exactly as you are.”
4. When the writer was small, he lived ________.
A in the city B. on the farm
C. with his grandparents D. away from his parents
5. The writer enjoyed his visits to the farm because ________.
A. there were old stone walls B. it was an exciting place for him
C. he liked his grandfather D. the living room there was clean
6. We can learn from the passage that the writer was ________.
A. adventurous B. funny C. smart D. talkative
7. What did the writer learn from his grandfather and his own experience on the farm?
A. To do things for others. B. To do whatever he liked.
C. To be proud of himself. D. To be himself.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候去祖父的农场，对那里岌岌可危的石墙很感兴趣，尽管大人们反对他去爬，但是祖父鼓励他按照自己的想法去做。这一次经历给作者留下深刻的人生哲理：人们就会喜欢真实的你。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.(房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。)”可知，作者是一个来自城市的孩子。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.(房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。)”可知，对于一个城市孩子来说，农场里的房子，田地，石墙为他提供了乐趣，这是一个令作者感到有乐趣的令他兴奋的地方。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old; some stones were missing, others loose and falling. Still, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that…(自从我第一次参观农场以来，我最想要的就是被允许爬上房子周围的石墙。我父母绝不会同意的。墙很旧了；有些石头不见了，有些松动了，正在掉落。尽管如此，我想要爬过那些墙的念头还是越来越强烈，以至于……)”可知，虽然石墙已经很破旧了，但是，作者想要爬过那些墙的念头还是越来越强烈，由此可推知，他是一个有冒险精神的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第末尾段内容“There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. ‘There’s only one person in this whole world like you.’ the kids can count on hearing me say, ‘and people can like you exactly as you are.’(这些年来，情况发生了变化，但有一件事是不变的：我在几乎每次探访结束时对孩子们说的话。“这个世界上只有一个人像你。孩子们可以指望听到我说，“人们就会喜欢真实的你。”)”可知，作者从祖父的话和自己的经历中学到了“做真实的自己”这一生活哲理。故选D项。
C
The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.
“At some point, I realised I should do more than this,” said Mr Singer, a former high school teacher.
Now Mr Singer, 74, and his wife Madine, 69, are involved in the Retired and Senior Volunteer Programme. Mr Singer volunteers with the Community Health Advocates Programme, which started in 2010. The programme helps consumers to know better about the health insurance coverage(医疗保险). And it helps them to find access to low-cost or free care. Mr Singer’s main task is to answer phones for the Community Health Advocates’ helpline.
“There are lots of calls from different people who need medical care, but they can’t get it because their insurance company won’t pay for it,” he said. “And you got to go through doctors, and get the papers filled out. But when you get it done, yeah, it feels good.”
The helpline helps about 250 callers each week and has saved consumers $12.1 million since it began. Mr Singer comes in once a week, helping 10 callers every shift. In total, he estimates he has saved New Yorkers $443,000.
Despite the challenges, the work is a joy, not drudgery for Mr Singer, which inspired his wife to sign up for volunteer training after she retired in late 2014 as vice president of the Insurance Information Institute. It put her fear of retirement at ease.
Mrs Singer trained with the Advocacy, Counseling and Entitlement Services Project before being placed with the Actor’s Fund, a national human services organization for performing arts and entertainment professionals founded in 1882. “It just seems so unfair that these people have trouble finding housing,” said Mrs Singer. Since she started in early 2015, Mrs Singer has had more than 270 appointments with clients, from ticket takers to screenwriters to dancers. “Having someone help them really means a lot to them,” Mrs Singer said.
Much of her work is helping clients who are applying for affordable housing sort through a variety of income sources they receive. “It keeps the mind going,” Mrs Singer said. “It keeps the social life going, and I’m doing something.”
8. In paragraph 2, this refers to_________.
A. riding bikes in New York City B. visiting museums and art galleries
C. spending Mr Singer’s life purely for fun D. teaching in a high school
9. The word drudgery in paragraph 6 most probably means ________.
A. tiring training B. boring work
C. inspiring training D. exciting work
10. What does Mrs Singer think of her volunteer work?
A. Meaningful. B. Easy. C. Affordable. D. Relaxing.
11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. Live a Simple Life after Retirement
B. Adapt to Social Life after Retirement
C. Find Rewards in Volunteering after Retirement
D. Overcome Difficulties in Volunteering after Retirement
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了主人公Stuart Singer退休后在志愿者工作中获得了乐趣，收获了人生意义的故事。
【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第一段“The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.”（Stuart Singer退休后的头两年纯粹是玩耍，骑自行车在纽约市消磨时间，参观博物馆和艺术画廊。）可知，Stuart Singer退休后的时间纯属用来玩耍，后来他意识到应该不止做这些，所以this是指“Stuart Singer的生活纯粹是为了娱乐”。故选C。
2.词句猜测题。根据第六段第一句“the work is a joy”（这工作是一种乐趣）和not可知，not后的意思和前面相反，所以是“无聊的”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Having someone help them really means a lot to them”（有人帮助他们对他们来说意义重大）可知，他认为他的志愿者工作很有意义。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。文章前三段讲述了Stuart Singer退休后找了一份志愿者工作，后五段讲述了Stuart Singer在志愿者工作中获得了乐趣，收获了意义。所以文章的标题应为“休后参加志愿活动获得回报”。故选C。
D
When I was a child, I often saw my Grandma throwing bread that was no longer fresh to birds. Not surprisingly, this attracted few birds. Later on, we discovered bird food at the local store. Feeding garden birds in the UK has come a long way since then. Today, the birds can enjoy many kinds of food: from plant seeds to sunflower hearts and from cakes to meat balls. All this comes at a huge cost of about £200m a year. Sometimes, I wonder if we might be feeding our garden birds better than our kids. But maybe it’s worth it. Our generosity is having an important effect on the behavior and even evolution of these birds.
Take the goldfinch for example. In the 1960s, this was a rare bird. Today, goldfinches can be seen in many gardens. Other new visitors include the spotted woodpecker, which has left its usual woodland for food on bird tables. Evolution is meant to progress slowly: over thousands of years. Yet during the past few decades, the beaks of many kinds of birds have become longer because birds with longer beaks can get more food, and then are more likely to live on.
Is bird feeding completely good for birds? Not everyone thinks so. Studies by the Zoological Society of London have shown that by bringing together many birds, bird feeders may help the spread of disease. In Australia, some bird experts believe—probably wrongly—that bird feeding creates a “dependence culture”.
But we shouldn’t forget one major benefit of feeding garden birds—it connects millions of people to the natural world. This is especially important for people who seldom reach the wider countryside. As I write this, there comes some noise outside my window: several birds were singing and flying around in my garden. It’s a sight I could only imagine years ago, when feeding garden birds just meant throwing hard bread to them.
12. What does the author mean by saying the underlined part in Paragraph 1?
A. Feeding garden birds is a huge waste of money.
B. We spend quite a lot of money on the food of garden birds.
C. We should care more for our kids rather than garden birds.
D. Feeding garden birds can bring more joy than feeding kids.
13. Which is the reason behind the fact that many birds’ beaks become longer?
A. These birds have given up traditional woodland.
B. Food for these birds becomes richer and better.
C. Longer beaks mean more chances of survival.
D. These birds grow faster than ever before.
14. What do some bird experts in Australia think of bird feeding?
A. It is completely good for birds.
B. It may help the spread of disease.
C. It connects more and more people to the natural world.
D. It may reduce birds’ ability to find food by themselves.
15. How does the author feel when he hears bird noise outside his window?
A. Annoyed. B. Pleased. C. Surprised. D. Bored.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类的喂食行为对鸟类进化的影响，英国人喂养花园鸟类的习惯的历史以及人们对喂鸟行为的看法等。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段五、六句“Today, the birds can enjoy many kinds of food: from plant seeds to sunflower hearts and from cakes to meat balls. All this comes at a huge cost of about £200m a year.(如今，这些鸟可以享用很多食物：从植物种子到葵花籽，从蛋糕到肉丸。所有这些都要花费每年大约2亿英镑的巨大成本)”可知，作者认为人们在花园的鸟食上花费了太多的钱，即划线部分意思为“我们花了很多钱在花园的鸟食上”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Yet during the past few decades, the beaks of many kinds of birds have become longer because birds with longer beaks can get more food, and then are more likely to live on.(然而在过去的几十年里，许多种类的鸟的喙变长了，因为长喙的鸟可以得到更多的食物，从而更有可能生存下去)”可知，许多鸟的喙变长了，这背后的原因是长喙意味着更多的生存机会。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“In Australia, some bird experts believe—probably wrongly—that bird feeding creates a ‘dependence culture’.(在澳大利亚，一些鸟类专家认为喂鸟可能是错误的——鸟类喂养创造了一种‘依赖文化’)”可知，澳大利亚的一些鸟类专家认为喂鸟是错误的，因为喂鸟可能会降低鸟类自己寻找食物的能力，造成对人类的依赖。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But we shouldn’t forget one major benefit of feeding garden birds—it connects millions of people to the natural world. This is especially important for people who seldom reach the wider countryside. As I write this, there comes some noise outside my window: several birds were singing and flying around in my garden. It’s a sight I could only imagine years ago, when feeding garden birds just meant throwing hard bread to them.(但是我们不应该忘记给花园里的鸟喂食的一个主要好处——它把数百万人与自然世界联系在一起。这对很少到更广阔的农村地区的人来说尤其重要。当我写这篇文章的时候，窗外传来了一些声音：几只鸟儿在我的花园里唱歌、飞翔。这是我多年前只能想象的景象，当时给花园里的鸟儿喂食只是向它们扔硬面包)”可知，作者认为给鸟喂食将人与自然联系起来，这对农村地区的人非常重要。由此推知，当作者听到窗外鸟鸣时，他感觉很高兴。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（其中有两项为多余选项）
Expect guests over and don’t have a lot of time to cook up a feast? ____16____ Throw in some fried chicken and you would soon have your guests eating out of your hands.
Fried rice is the simplest dish in the world to prepare. Even a twelve-year-old can do it! ____17____ You would need some garlic, vegetables, prawns and a few cups of cooked rice plus some seasoning.
Start by peeling the garlic. To do this real quickly, use the blade of the chopper and give the garlic a good smack. You will find the skin peeling right off. Then, chop the garlic finely. Alternatively, you could use a blender. ____18____ You wouldn’t want to be eating pesticides and dirt, would you? Cut the vegetables and prawns into small pieces.
Then, put the pan over the fire and pour in some oil. Once it is hot, put in the garlic and fry till you get a heavenly garlicky smell. ____19____ Quickly add in the prawns, followed by the vegetables and rice. Stir well. And in some seasoning. And, to make things easier, buy one of those prepacked seasoning from the supermarket. They not only taste good, they are cheap and convenient too. Stir well to ensure your rice is well coated with the seasoning. Garnish with some cut chillies and serve hot. Your guests will love you for this. ____20____
A. It beats calling for pizza again!
B. A simple dish of fried rice will do.
C. Make sure they do not burn though.
D. For the vegetables, wash them properly first.
E. To begin, you have to prepare all the ingredients.
F. Traditionally, we wouldn’t put many expensive ingredients.
G. To make fried rice is a good way to clear all the leftovers in fridge.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了如何制作炒饭。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Expect guests over and don't have a lot of time to cook up a feast?(期待客人的到来，但是有没有太多的时间做大餐，是吧？)”可知，空前提到没有时间做大餐来招待客人，故B项“一碗简单的蛋炒饭就可以解决”符合题意，没有时间做大餐，那么就做一碗蛋炒饭来招待他们，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“You would need some garlic, vegetables, prawns and a few cups of cooked rice plus some seasoning.(你可能需要大蒜，蔬菜，虾和几碗熟米饭，外加一些调料)”可知，空后提出了做炒饭需要的一些食材，故E项“开始，你需要准备好所有的食材”符合题意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据空后“You wouldn’t want to be eating pesticides and dirt, would you?(你应该不会想要吃到杀虫剂和泥土吧？)”可知，空后提出不想要吃到杀虫剂和泥土。由此可知，我们需要把菜清洗干净。故D项“对于蔬菜，首先你需要清洗它们”符合题意，你需要清洗蔬菜，因为不想要吃到蔬菜上的杀虫剂和泥土，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Once it is hot, put in the garlic and fry till you get a heavenly garlicky smell.(锅热了，就将大蒜放进去翻炒，直到你闻到一股扑鼻的蒜香味)”和空后“Quickly add in the prawns, followed by the vegetables and rice.(然后迅速放入虾仁，接着放入蔬菜和米饭)”可知，空前提到将大蒜放入锅里炒香，空后提到迅速放入虾仁。由此推知，空处陈述炒大蒜的注意事项。故C项“但是不要炒胡了”符合题意，与空前构成转折关系，故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Your guests will love you for this.(你的客人会喜欢你做的蛋炒饭的)”可知，此空位于全文末尾，前文讲述了做蛋炒饭的过程，空前总结你的客人会喜欢你做的蛋炒饭，故A项“它总比叫外卖披萨强”符合，你的客人会喜欢你做的蛋炒饭，因为它比叫外卖强，故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”. Even the simplest business such as buying a train ticket requires ____21____ seven or eight of these. Another ____22____ of our good manners is the queue. New-comers to Britain could be ____23____ for thinking that queuing rather than football was the ____24____ national sport. Finally, of course, motorists generally stop at crossings. But does all this mean that the British should consider themselves more ____25____ than their European neighbours? I think not.
Take forms of address(称呼) for example. The average English person -- ____26____ he happens to work in a hotel or department store--would rather die than call a stranger “Sir” or “Madam”. ____27____ in some European countries this is the most basic of common address. Our universal “you” ____28____ everyone may appear more democratic, but it means that we are forced to seek out complicated ways to express ____29____. I am all for _____30_____ to the use of “thee” and “thou” (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for “you”); “you” would be reserved for strangers and professional relationships.
And of course, the English find touching and other shows of friendship truly _____31_____. Have you noticed how the British _____32_____ ever touch? Personally, I find the Latin habit of shaking hands or a friendly kiss quite charming. _____33_____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror, or, if their _____34_____ is blocked you will find your lips touching the back of their head. Now what could be _____35_____ than that?
21. A. at least B. at most C. less than D. not more than
22. A. signal B. scene C. sign D. sight
23. A. forgiven B. alarmed C. calmed D. comforted
24. A. true B. tough C. superior D. advanced
25. A. potential B. social C. polite D. well-meaning
26. A. if B. whether C. when D. unless
27. A. Yet B. So C. Thus D. Also
28. A. from B. for C. by D. on
29. A. politeness B. gratitude C. concern D. consideration
30. A. responding B. returning C. escaping D. contributing
31. A. passive B. flexible C. terrifying D. generous
32. A. highly B. mostly C. hardly D. nearly
33. A. Risk B. Stop C. Keep D. Try
34. A. contact B. response C. target D. escape
35. A. better B. ruder C. more polite D. more frightening
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过描述英国人的日常行为，反应出英国人自认为是礼貌的这件事是不符合事实的，作者认为他们的行为是很粗鲁的，不礼貌的。
【21题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：即使是最简单的业务，比如买火车票，也至少需要七到八次说这样的礼貌用语。A. at least至少；B. at most最多； C. less than比…少；D. not more than没有...多。根据上文“The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”.”可知，英国人在生活中很喜欢用礼貌用语，所以即使是买火车票这样简单的事情，也至少需要七到八次说这样的礼貌用语。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们礼貌的另一个标志是排队。A. signal信号；B. scene场景；C. sign标志，符合；D. sight视线，风景。根据下文“of our good manners is the queue”可知，这里指他们英国人体现礼貌的另一个标志是在排队的时候体现出来的。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：新来英国的人认为排队而不是足球是先进的国家运动，这是情有可原的。A. forgiven原谅；B. alarmed警报；C. calmed冷静；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“New-comers to Britain”可知，这是对新来英国的人的态度，所以他们即使有错误的认识是可以被原谅的。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. true真的；B. tough艰难的；C. superior高级的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“football”可知，足球在英国应该是被认为是发展比较先进的国家运动项目。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这一切是否意味着英国人应该认为自己比欧洲邻国更有礼貌？A. potential有潜力的；B. social社会的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. well-meaning善意的。根据上文“The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”.”可知，这里说的是英国人的礼貌问题。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：一般的英国人——除非碰巧在酒店或百货公司工作——宁愿死也不愿叫陌生人“先生”或“女士”。A. if如果；B. whether是否；C. when当…时候；D. unless除非。根据上文“The average English person”可知，这里提到的不是一般的英国人，而是在服务行业工作的英国人。本句为unless引导的条件状语从句。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一些欧洲国家，这是最基本的通用称呼。A. Yet然而；B. So因此；C. Thus因此；D. Also也。根据上文“The average English person -- ____6____ he happens to work in a hotel or department store--would rather die than call a stranger “Sir” or “Madam”.”和下文“in some European countries this is the most basic of common address.”可知，上下文是转折的关系。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们对每个人的普遍称呼“你”可能看起来更平等，但这意味着我们不得不寻找复杂的方式来表达礼貌。A. from从；B. for为了；C. by通过；D. on在…上面。根据下文“everyone”可知，“you”是对每个人的称呼。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. politeness礼貌；B. gratitude感激；C. concern关心；D. consideration考虑。根据上文“seek out complicated ways to express”可知，这里指要寻找复杂的方式来表达礼貌。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我完全赞成重新使用“thee”和“thou”（“thee”和“thou”是“you”的老式诗词）；“you”将只适用于陌生人和职业关系。A. responding回应；B. returning回归；C. escaping逃跑；D. contributing贡献。根据下文“the use of “thee” and “thou” (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for “you”)”可知，作者建议回到以前对“你”的称呼的使用。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，英国人觉得感人的友谊和其他友谊的表现真的很可怕。A. passive被动的；B. flexible灵活的；C. terrifying令人害怕的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“____13____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror”可知，英国人觉得感人的友谊和其他友谊的表现真的很可怕。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你注意到英国人几乎从不接触吗？A. highly高地；B. mostly大部分；C. hardly几乎不；D. nearly几乎。根据下文“____13____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror”可知，英国人不喜欢过于亲密的接触。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着亲吻普通的英国人，他们会吓得后退两步，或者，如果他们的逃跑被阻止，你会发现你的嘴唇碰到了他们的后脑勺。A. Risk冒险；B. Stop停止；C. Keep保持；D. Try尝试。根据下文“kissing the average English person”可知，这里是作者建议人们是试一下亲吻普通的英国人，然后可以看看他们的反应。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. contact联系；B. response回应；C. target目标；D. escape逃跑。根据下文“you will find your lips touching the back of their head”可知，当你去亲吻英国人的时候，你却吻到了他们的后脑勺，说明他们是想逃跑，不想让你亲吻。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，还有什么比这更粗鲁的了吗？A. better更好的；B. ruder更粗鲁的；C. more polite更有礼貌的；D. more frightening更令人害怕的。根据上文“But does all this mean that the British should consider themselves more ____5____ than their European neighbours? I think not.”和“____13____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror, or, if their ____14____ is blocked you will find your lips touching the back of their head.”可知，作者并不认为英国人是礼貌的，反而认为他们的行为是很粗鲁的，不礼貌的。故选B。
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once upon a time, there was a poor young man called Ma Liang. He helped a rich man to tend cattle. He liked drawing and drew pictures everywhere. One night, he dreamed that an old man gave him a magic paintbrush. When he woke up, he was ____36____ (amaze) to find the magic paintbrush on his desk.
When he saw that people had no water to use ____37____ the fields, he drew a river and the river came to life. When he saw ____38____ was difficult for people to till lands, he drew a cow and the cow came to life. The rich man whom Ma Liang helped heard that the magic paint brush could turn everything to life. He ____39____ (seek) Ma Liang and took him to the prison. He got the magic paintbrush and felt very happy. He drew a lot of pictures, ____40____ could not become real. He was filled with ____41____ (angry) and asked some people to get Ma Liang.
When Ma Liang came, the rich man felt happy and said, “I want a golden mountain.” “____42____ (definite)!” Ma Liang drew a sea first. Then the young man drew a golden mountain which was far away from the sea. The bad man saw that and felt very happy. Ma Liang ____43____ (remind) of a big ship quickly. It was ____44____ (horror) to see the rich man jump into the ship. When the ship sailed to the middle of the sea, the young man drew a large wave and it destroyed the ship. So the rich man met his _____45_____ (die).
After that, the young man lived with his family happily and kept on helping the poor. So the magic paintbrush was known by everyone.
【答案】36. amazed
37. for 38. it
39. sought 40. which
41. anger 42. Definitely
43. was reminded
44. horrible
45. death
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述神笔马良智斗贪婪的富人的故事。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当他醒来时，他惊讶地发现桌子上有一支神奇的画笔。空处需填形容词，作表语，修饰人，表示“感到吃惊的”，需用-ed结尾的形容词。故填amazed。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：当他看到人们没有水可以用来耕田时，他画了一条河，这条河就活了起来。空处需要介词，表示“为了”的意思。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查it做形式主语。句意：当他看到人们很艰难地在耕种土地时，他画了一头牛，这头牛活了过来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to till lands，所以要用it做形式主语。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他找了马良，并把他关进了监狱。空格处需要谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去时。故填sought。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他画了很多画，但是却都没有变成真的。分析句子结构可知，____5____ could not become real是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a lot of pictures，在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他满怀愤怒，并让一些人去找马良。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要名词，作介词with的宾语，表示“生气”的意思，是不可数名词。故填anger。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当马良来的时候，富人很高兴，说：“我想要一座金山。”“没问题！”马良先画了一个海。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查口语，需要用副词，表示“没问题！”的意思。故填Definitely。
43题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：马良又被提醒快点画一艘大船。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去时。句子主语Ma Liang和谓语动词remind是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动结构，be动词用was。故填was reminded。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：看到那位富人跳上船真是恐怖。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，表示“令人恐怖的”意思。故填horrible。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：于是，这位富翁遇到了他的死亡。his为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，表示“死亡”的意思，是不可数名词。故填death。
第四部分 词汇运用(满分25分)
阅读下列句子并从每组右栏A-F中选出正确选项。词形不必考虑。(共25小题;每小题1分,满分25分)
选词填空
A. confidence；B. quality；C. graduate；D. reflection；E. operation；F. emergency
46. He checked into a top LONDON clinic yesterday for a(n) ___ on his knee.
47. If you smile and have _______, you will think in a more positive way.
48. He said the shooter was likely killed by the police officers who answered the ______ at the school.
49. At first I disagreed, but on __________, I realized she was right.
50. But common sense stands out. If you develop these ______, you'll succeed.
【答案】46. E 47. A
48. F 49. D
50. B
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：他昨天到伦敦一家顶级诊所接受膝盖手术。分析句子结构，此处作介词宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“手术”，operation符合题意。故选E。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你微笑并有自信，你会以更积极的方式思考。分析句子结构，此处作宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“信心”，confidence符合题意。故选A。
48题详解】
考查名词。句意：他说，枪手很可能是被学校应急人员击毙的。分析句子结构，此处作宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“紧急”，emergency符合题意。故选F。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：起初我不同意，但仔细想想，我意识到她是对的。分析句子结构，介词后面接名词，作宾语，结合句意，表达“思考，反思”，on reflection符合题意。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：但常识很突出。如果你培养这些品质，你就会成功。分析句子结构，此处作宾语，用名词形式。结合句意，表达“品质”，quality符合题意。故选B。
选词填空
A. generous；B. awkward；C. efficient；D. flexible；E. passive；F. secure
51. No teacher likes students who take a(n) ________ learning attitude.
52. It was very _______ of them to share their meal with their poor neighbors.
53. He was determined to give his family a(n) ________ and solid base.
54. We need someone really _______ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.
55. Unlike traditional gyms, APP-based gyms offer people _______ options to exercise according to their own schedule.
【答案】51. E 52. A
53. F 54. C
55. D
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有老师喜欢消极学习的学生。分析句意再根据空格后的learning attitude可知，此处用形容词passive作定语，表示“消极的”学习态度，符合语境。故选E项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们很慷慨，与贫穷的邻居们分享了他们的食物。分析句意可知，此处应该用形容人的性格的形容词，所以用generous表示“慷慨的”符合语境。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：他决心给他的家庭一个稳固的基础。分析句意再根据and可知，此处用形容词secure与and后的形容词solid构成并列关系，表示“稳固的、可靠的”符合语境。故选F项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们需要一个真正有效率的人，他能把办公室组织起来，使它运转顺畅。分析句意再根据句式结构可知，此处用形容词efficient作后置定语修饰someone表示“效率高的”人，符合语境。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：与传统健身房不同的是，基于app的健身房为人们提供了灵活的锻炼选择，可以根据自己的时间表进行锻炼。分析句意再根据空格后的名词options可知，此处用形容词flexible修饰名词options表示“灵活的”选择，符合语境。故选D项。
选词填空
A attracted；B. reminded；C. struggled；D. ignored；E. admired；F. exploded
56. Far sooner than anyone thought possible, the Russians _______ an atomic bomb.
57. After a series of emotional and health problems, Steve _______ to bring up the family on a low income.
58. Exhibitions in other areas in China have ____ thousands of holiday tourists so far.
59. He was _______ of his duty to speak truth when questioned in court.
60. The little boy took out his favourite red sports car, and was delighted when Tom knelt down and _______ the toy.
【答案】56. F 57. C
58. A 59. B
60. E
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查动词。句意：俄罗斯人比任何人想象的都快爆炸了原子弹。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“爆炸”，时态为一般过去时，用exploded。故选F。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：在经历了一系列的情绪和健康问题后，史蒂夫努力以低收入养育这个家庭。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“努力做某事”，struggled to do sth符合题意。故选C。
【58题详解】
考查动词。句意：到目前为止，中国其他地区的展览吸引了数千名假日游客。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“吸引”，用动词过去分词形式，attracted符合题意。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词。句意：他被提醒在法庭上接受讯问时有责任说实话。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，表达“被提醒”，be informed of sth符合题意。故选B。
【60题详解】
考查动词。句意：小男孩拿出他最喜欢的红色跑车，当汤姆跪下来欣赏玩具时，他很高兴。分析句子结构，此处作从句谓语动词，根据句意，此处表达“欣赏”，结合语境，动词用一般过去时，admired符合题意。故选E。
选词填空
A. took on；B. turned out；C. shot up；D. brought out；E. got over；F. counted on
61. Working with the medical team in Africa has _________ the best in her as a doctor.
62. If prices ______ any higher, no one would be able to afford to live in the area.
63. I had expected the weather to be better, but it ________ to be worse.
64. The whole team _____ Christiano Ronaldo，and he seldom let them down.
65. Coffee ______ a flavour all of its own when enjoyed with freshly cooked pastry.
【答案】61. D 62. C
63. B 64. F
65. A
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在非洲与医疗队一起工作，使她发挥出了作为一名医生的最好能力。分析句意再根据空格后的the best可知，此处用短语bring out构成固定短语bring out the best表示“显露其最美好的一面”符合语境，再根据has可知，应该用现在完成时。故选D项。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果房价再涨，就没人能住得起这个地区了。分析句意再根据空格前的prices可知，此处用固定短语shoot up表示“暴涨”符合语境，再根据后面主句中的would be可知，本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以从句中应该用一般过去时。故选C项。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我原以为天气会好一些，但结果更糟了。分析句意再根据下文的worse可知，此处用固定短语turn out表示“结果是”更糟的，符合语境，再根据上文的expected可知，此处要用一般过去式。故选B项。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：全队都指望着克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，而他很少让他们失望。根据下文“he seldom let them down(他很少让他们失望)”可知，此处用固定短语count on sb表示“指望某人”符合语境。故选F项。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：当咖啡与新鲜出炉的糕点一起享用时，它就呈现出了自己的风味。分析句意再根据空格后的a flavour可知，此处用固定短语take on表示“呈现出”一种风味。符合语境，再根据下文的enjoyed可知，此处应该用动词的过去式。故选A项。
选词填空
A over time; B. on the rocks; C. in person; D. through thick and thin; E. at a loss; F. as a result
66. A lot of people who lose weight gain it back ________, and end up back where they started.
67. He has supported the team for over 10 years _________.
68. When I saw my favorite singer _______, I nearly fainted in excitement.
69. Detectives are so far ________ to explain the reason for his death.
70. If your relationship hits a difficult period, you can say it is ________. This saying comes from boating.
【答案】66. A 67. D
68. C 69. E
70. B
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：很多减肥的人随着时间的推移体重会反弹，最终回到开始的水平。分析可知，设空处用副词短语作状语，结合前文“who lose weight”，以及“gain it back”可推知，该句应是表达“减肥的人会体重反弹”，这是随着时间发生的。A项“over time”，意为“随着时间”，符合句意表达。故选A项。
【67题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：10多年来，他一直支持这支球队，同甘共苦。分析可知，设空处为状语，可用介词短语作状语。结合前文提及的时间“over 10 years”可知，“他”支持这个球队很长时间了，应是用介词短语“through thick and thin”，表达“无论风雨，同甘共苦，不离不弃”含义。故选D项。
【68题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：当我亲眼看到我最喜欢的歌手时，我兴奋得差点晕倒。分析可知，设空处应是状语，用介词短语作状语。根据前文“my favorite singer”，后文“fainted in excitement”可推知，应是亲眼见到了自己喜爱的歌手本人。选项C“in person”，意为“亲自”，符合句意表达。故选C项。
【69题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：侦探们到目前为止还无法解释他的死因。分析可知，空前有“are”，因此，应是固定短语“be at a loss”，意为“不知所措”。故选E项。
【70题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：如果你们的关系遇到了困难时期，你可以说是触礁了。这句话来源于划船。根据前文“If your relationship hits a difficult period(如果你们的关系遇到了困难)”语境可知，所选短语应是表达“艰难”含义，选项B“on the rocks”意为“触礁；恋情告急”，符合句意表达。故选B项。
第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假如你是李华，学校举行英文儿歌歌词创作大赛。请以 I wonder what I will be when I grow up为题完成该歌词创作任务。注意：至少3次使用定语从句。写作词数应为80左右。
I wonder what I will be when I grow up
I wonder what I will be when I grow up
I want to be a (an)...
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a teacher, who will devote himself to educating students to be a real person.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a doctor, who will sacrifice himself to save many lives and families.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a nurse, who will help doctors to accomplish their missions.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be an architect, who will construct wonderful buildings to make the city more beautiful.
I wonder what I will be when I grow up.
I want to be a (an)...
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就“I wonder what I will be when I grow up”为题，写一首英文儿歌。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
建设：construct→build
完成：accomplish→finish/fulfill
贡献：devote→contribute
美丽的：beautiful→gorgeous
2.句式拓展：
原句：I want to be an architect, who will construct wonderful buildings to make the city more beautiful.
拓展句：I want to be an architect, who will apply himself to constructing wonderful buildings, making the city more beautiful.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I want to be a teacher, who will devote himself to educating students to be a real person.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder what I will be when I grow up.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
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