2022-2023学年广东省茂名市第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（奥校）（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省茂名市第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（奥校）（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
茂名市第一中学2022-2023学年度第一学期期中考试
奥校高一英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 总分：130分
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节:(共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B 、C 和 D )中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I’ve been reading 100 books per year on average during the past decade. So obviously I get the usual question of what books I recommend. Well, here’re my top 4 favorite books of all times, which influenced me into who I am today.
1. Think & Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill. One of the biggest bestsellers of all times. Napoleon Hill spent two decades analyzing over 500 successful men like Henry Ford, Thomas Edison and John D. Rockefeller to discover how they did it. The result of Hill’s research is in Think & Grow Rich—13 steps to achieve your goal, whatever it is. All other self-help books are just copies of Hill’s book first published in 1937.
2. Psychocybernetics by Maxwell Maltz. Another bestseller and the only self-help book you’ll need next to Think Grow Rich. Maxwell Maltz was a plastic surgeon who was amazed that some patients still felt ugly after surgery (外科手术). That’s when he discovered they also needed reconstruction work inside—their “self-image”. Everything about how to use the “mind-body” connection to achieve your goals, and how to feel confident about your body is inside this book.
3. Talent is Overrated by Geoff Clovin. This book drives the point home that success in any field is not determined by genetics or talent but deliberate practice. Colvin uses examples from world class achievers like Tiger Woods, Jack Welch, Warren Buffet, Mozart to prove that they all got theirs through years of practice—the 10,000 hours rule. You’ll reexamine your beliefs about what it takes to succeed and supercharge your motivation after reading Colvin’s book.
4. Mastery by George Leonard. This book also stresses that practice is the secret of success in anything. Leonard explains that mastership never ends—you will never have perfect technique and be able to stop. Instead you’ll keep learning, improving, and hitting plateaus. The big point in Mastery is that plateaus are vital for improving your skills and that you therefore must start enjoying them instead of getting impatient or quitting like most guys do.
1. What is the book Think & Grow Rich mainly about?
A. Successful men’s stories B. A research on being rich
C. An analysis of famous people. D. Instruction on how to succeed
2. What do Talent is Overrated and Mastery both mention?
A. The steps to achieving the goal B. World class achievers’ achievement
C. Practice’s key role in achieving success D. Genetics and talent’s influence on being successful.
3. Which book can best explain the saying “Live and learn”?
A. Think& Grow Rich B. Psychocybernetics C. Talent is Overrated D. Mastery
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了对作者影响最大的四本书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Napoleon Hill spent two decades analyzing over 500 successful men like Henry Ford, Thomas Edison and John D. Rockefeller to discover how they did it.(拿破仑·希尔花了20年时间分析了500多位成功人士，比如Henry Ford, Thomas Edison和John D. Rockefeller，以发现他们是如何做到这一点的)”可知，这本书主要是关于如何成功的说明。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This book drives the point home that success in any field is not determined by genetics or talent but deliberate practice.(这本书指出，任何领域的成功都不是由基因或天赋决定的，而是经过深思熟虑的练习)”和第五段“This book also stresses that practice is the secret of success in anything.(这本书还强调练习是任何事情成功的秘诀)”可知，这两本书都提到了练习是成功的关键。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Leonard explains that mastership never ends—you will never have perfect technique and be able to stop. Instead you’ll keep learning, improving, and hitting plateaus.(莱纳德解释说，精通永远不会结束——你永远不可能拥有完美的技术，也不可能停下来。相反，你会不断学习、提高，并达到瓶颈)”可知，Mastery能最好地解释“活到老学到老”这句话。故选D。
B
Another person’s enthusiasm(热情)was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in the countryside of Virginia. My father introduced me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning.”
My stepmother walked over to me, raised my head slightly upward, and looked at me right into my eyes. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are wrong. This is not the worst boy at all, but the smartest one who hasn’t yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm.”
That statement began a friendship between us. No one had ever called me smart, My family and neighbors had built me up in my mind as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that.
She changed many things. She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county seat, where my father’s career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.
When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand typewriter and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, and I saw how it had already improved our lives. I accepted her belief and began to write for local newspapers and finally reached the goal she set for me. I wasn’t the only beneficiary. My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.
4. According to the author, ________ before his stepmother came into his life.
A. his father had been away from home for a long time
B. people had noticed his cleverness
C. he knew how to release (释放) his enthusiasm properly
D he was considered a rude boy with wild behaviors
5. The author’s stepmother did all the following EXCEPT ________.
A. praising him from the bottom of her heart
B. giving some writing lessons to him at home
C. moving the family into the centre of the county
D. planning the future for each family member
6. What does the author mean by “I wasn’t the only beneficiary”?
A. There were other boys who behaved as badly as he did.
B. His stepmother bought typewriters for other family members, too.
C. Not only he but also his family gained from his stepmother’s enthusiasm.
D. Other family members’ enthusiasm has great effects on his stepmother.
7. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?
A. Enthusiasm, a Power for Success B. Enthusiasm, a Challenge for All
C. Enthusiasm, a Gift from my Father D. Enthusiasm, a Tradition in Families
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了继母对作者的肯定，激发了作者心中对成功的渴望，继母心中的热情最终促使作者获得了成功。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning.(我想让你见见这个家伙，他是这个郡出了名的最坏的男孩，他可能会在明天早上之前开始向你扔石头。)”可知，在继母进入他的生活之前，作者被认为是一个粗鲁的、行为狂野的男孩。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“You are wrong. This is not the worst boy at all, but the smartest one who hasn’t yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm.(你错了。这不是最坏的男孩，而是最聪明的但还没找到表达热情的方法的男孩。)”和第五段“She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county seat, where my father’s career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.(她说服我父亲去上牙科学校，并以优异的成绩毕业。她把我们家搬到了县城，在那里我父亲的事业可以更成功，我和弟弟可以接受更好的教育。)”可知，继母把家搬到了县中心，规划每个家庭成员的未来，从心底赞美作者。显然，“在家给他上写作课”不符合文章内容。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章最后两句“My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.(我父亲成了镇上最富有的人。我的哥哥和继兄弟们分别当了医生、牙医、律师和大学校长。)”可知，作者说“I wasn’t the only beneficiary”的意思是不只是他，他的家人也从继母的热情中获益。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容，尤其是第一段“Another person’s enthusiasm(热情)was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.(另一个人的热情是我走向成功的动力。那个人就是我的继母。)”可知，本文主要讲述了继母对作者的肯定，激发了作者心中对成功的渴望，继母心中的热情最终促使作者获得了成功。所以A项Enthusiasm, a Power for Success（热情，成功的动力）可以作为文章标题。故选A。
C
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Similarly, if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish , are important as they offer energy and fiber, without giving us much fat and sugar. But why is water important?
The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water , much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.
Some doctors believe that water is important for health in all kinds of ways. They believe that many illnesses and health problems appear as a result of dehydration--a lack of water. Most people are dehydrated (脱水）at least some of time, although they probably don’t know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stages of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.
These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are fat. Water contains no calories so it will not make us gain weight. If we drink water , we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water.
There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to see the doctor completely.
8. From the text, we know water can carry_______.
A. energy and fibre in our bodies. B. fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodies.
C. sugar and fat out of our bodies. D. poisons and waste out of our bodies.
9. Lack of water caused many people to put on weight because_______.
A. It makes them hungry. B. they think they are hungry and eat too much.
C. Water has no calories. D. they think they are thirsty and eat less.
10. Doctors suggest that we should _________.
A. eat less food and drink less water B. not eat food and just drink water
C. eat less food and drink more water D. eat more food and drink more water
11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. People should drink water and not eat fruit.
B. Some health problems start because of a lack of water.
C. Fruit provides us with energy and fiber .
D. Drinking more water may stop people from overeating.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章强调了日常生活中喝水的重要性。如果每天多喝一点水，人们去看医生的次数将会大大减少。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“ Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. ”（水很重要，因为它能把毒素和废物带出我们的身体。）可知，水可以把毒素和废物排出我们的身体。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中句子“They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. ”（他们说，许多人以为他们饿了，其实他们渴了。）可知，当人们渴的时候就会觉得饿，就会吃东西，因此缺水会导致许多人吃过多而造成体重增加。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water.”（因此，医生建议我们少吃点东西多喝水。）可知，医生建议我们应该少吃东西多喝水。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“They believe that many illnesses and health problems appear as a result of dehydration--a lack of water. ”（他们认为许多疾病和健康问题的出现是由于脱水——缺水。）可知，一些健康问题开始于缺水，排除B项；根据文章第一段第四句“ We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they offer energy and fiber...”（我们知道水果、蔬菜和鱼等健康食品很重要，因为它们提供能量和纤维......）可知，水果为我们提供能量和纤维，排除C项；根据文章第四段中句子“ Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. ”（医生也相信多喝水可以防止人们暴饮暴食。）排除D项；A项文章未提及。故选A项。
D
Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ''Pinocchio effect'' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.

Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
''One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead, '' Dr. Gomez Milan explained the findings. ''At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose. ''
For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie by themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this ''reverse Pinocchio effect'' caused by the fluctuation (起伏) in temperature in the nose and forehead.
Interestingly, the thermal lie doctor picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie doctor.
''With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives', something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph (测谎仪) , '' said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
The thermal lie doctor has been the most reliable in the world, 10% more than the popular polygraph.
12. Why does the author mention ''Pinocchio'' at the beginning?
A. To tell a fairy story B. To warn us not to lie.
C To introduce a research. D. To inspire us to doubt old beliefs.
13. According to the research, what might happen if you tell a lie?
A. Your nose gets longer.
B. Your nose becomes smaller.
C. Your temperature gets higher.
D. Your temperature remains stable.
14. What can we learn about the research?
A. Researchers conduct the study by interviewing.
B. Researchers design difference lies for participants.
C. The thermal lie detector will prove a popular one.
D. The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement.
15. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. Will lie detectors tell the truth?
B. Will lying make your nose longer?
C. Will lying make your temperature rise?
D. Will thermal imaging technology be reliable?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。匹诺曹一说谎鼻子就变长? 文章由匹诺曹为切入点，介绍了一个研究，该研究发现人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子稍微变小。这就是“匹诺曹效应”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ''Pinocchio effect'' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.(匹诺曹可能知识一个孩子们的童话故事，但是西班牙Granada大学的科学家最近进行了一个名叫“匹诺曹”相应的研究，并且发现，我们撒谎时鼻子不会长长，而事实上会稍微缩小)以及下文内容可推测，第一段提到匹诺曹是为了引出一个关于人们说谎时鼻子会稍微缩小的研究。C. To introduce a research.(为了引出一个研究)符合以上推测，故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃, …Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink(发现参与者无论什么时候说谎，他们鼻尖的温度会下降多达1.2℃……科学家们发现鼻尖温度的下降实际上会让鼻子稍微缩小)可知，研究发现说谎时鼻子会稍微缩小。B. Your nose becomes smaller.(鼻子会变得更小)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段''With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives', something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph (测谎仪) , '' said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.(“埃米利奥·戈麦斯·米兰博士说：“用这种方法我们提高了测谎准确率，降低了误报的发生率，而用测谎器等方法经常会出现误报。”他还说，执法部门负责审讯的官员有一天将能把热成像技术和其他测谎技术结合起来以达到更准确的结果。)可知，热感测谎医生在将来可能会帮助到执法部门。D. The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement.(热感测谎医生可能会帮助到执法部门)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ''Pinocchio effect'' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.可知，匹诺曹一说谎鼻子就变长? 文章由匹诺曹为切入点，介绍了一个研究，该研究发现人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子稍微变小。这就是“匹诺曹效应”。B. Will lying make your nose longer?(撒谎会让你的鼻子变长吗？)可以作为本文标题故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I believe that writing is the most important invention in history. It is the most important for two reasons. First, it helped governments and businesses work better. Second, it helped ideas to spread.
Writing was invented by the Sumerians around 5,000 years ago. ____16____ One example is The Code of Hammurabi. It was a list of laws written on a huge stone block for all to see. The law was written down, so every person knew what the law was. They knew what would happen if they broke it.
The Sumerians also wrote down rules about their government. The rules described how the government should work. ____17____ The rule said that the worker would have to pay a fine. This made the government act more responsibly.
The Sumerians also wrote down business contracts (合同). That’s because a contract explains what both sides promise to do. Written contracts helped the Sumerians run better businesses. This helped their civilization to grow.
____18____ It was an epic poem (史诗) called The Epic of Gilgamesh. The work is about more than just two friends on an adventure. It is also about life and death, happiness and sadness. It’s full of big ideas about the world. When the Sumerians wrote these ideas down, they spread. As a result, the Sumerians could study and talk about these big ideas. ____19____ Writing helped the Sumerians become great thinkers.
As you have read, writing helped the Sumerians become a great civilization. ____20____ That is why writing is the most important invention in human history.
A. They could also improve these ideas.
B. Writing continues to improve our lives today.
C. They used writing to make their government work better.
D. The Sumerians also created the world’s first written story.
E. Writing is so common to us that we hardly think about it.
F. The writing of the Sumerians further developed to include sounds and meanings.
G. One rule explained what would happen if a government worker didn’t do his job well.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是苏美尔人发明文字的过程和发明文字的伟大意义。
【16题详解】
空前说“Writing was invented by the Sumerians around 5,000 years ago.(文字是约5000年前苏美尔人发明的。)”，空后说“One example is The Code of Hammurabi. It was a list of laws written on a huge stone block for all to see.(《汉谟拉比法典》就是一个例子。它是写在一块巨大的石头上供所有人观看的法律清单。)”，这说明苏美尔人发明文字是对政府有帮助的，C选项“They used writing to make their government work better.(他们用文字使政府工作得更好。)”说明了发明文字对政府的帮助，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
空后说“The rule said that the worker would have to pay a fine.(规定说工人必须支付罚款。)”，G选项“One rule explained what would happen if a government worker didn’t do his job well.(一条规定解释了如果政府工作人员没有做好工作会发生什么。)”中的One rule和后面的The rule相一致，空后详细解释了这个规定的内容，因此G选项引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空后说“It was an epic poem (史诗) called The Epic of Gilgamesh.(这是一部史诗，叫做《吉尔伽美什史诗》。)”，D选项“The Sumerians also created the world’s first written story.(苏美尔人还创造了世界上第一个文字故事。)”中的“the world’s first written story”即指后面的“The Epic of Gilgamesh”，且在句式上和前两段第一句一致，因此D选项引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
19题详解】
空前说“As a result, the Sumerians could study and talk about these big ideas.(因此，苏美尔人可以研究和讨论这些伟大的思想。)”，A选项“They could also improve these ideas.(他们也可以改进这些想法。)”中的They指的是前面的the Sumerians，these ideas指的是前面的big ideas，说明了他们在写下想法后还可以改进想法，也和空后“Writing helped the Sumerians become great thinkers.(文字帮助苏美尔人成为伟大的思想家。)”相呼应，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
空前说“As you have read, writing helped the Sumerians become a great civilization.(正如你所读到的，文字帮助苏美尔人成就一个伟大的文明。)”，空后说“That is why writing is the most important invention in human history.(这就是为什么文字是人类历史上最重要的发明。)”，B选项“Writing continues to improve our lives today.(时至今日，文字仍在不断改善我们的生活。)”说明了文字对我们的意义，和后文说“文字是人类历史上最重要的发明”相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road. But my daughter Carolyn had ____21____ that I come to see something at the top of the mountain. So here I was, ____22____ making the two-hour journey through fog. By the time I saw how thick it was near the peak, I’d gone too far to ____23____.
After parking the car, we walked along a path that was ____24____ with pine needles. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind. Then we turned a corner — and I gasped (倒吸气)in ____25____. From the top of the mountain were ____26____ of flowers flowing across valleys. A mass of color — from the palest pink to the deepest yellow to the most vivid red — shone like a carpet before us. It looked as though the ____27____ had spilled gold down the mountainside.
Who ____28____ such beauty? How? As we ____29____ the house in the center of the field, we saw a sign that ____30____: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was: “One ____31____ — Two Hands, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One Plant at a Time, Started in 1980.”
I was so moved that I could scarcely speak. “She started over 40 years ago” I finally said, “probably just the beginning of a(n) ____32____, but she kept at it.” The ____33____ of it opened my eyes to the world of the possible. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have ____34____?” Carolyn smiled. “Start tomorrow,” she said, “____35____ yet, start today.”
21. A. insisted B. suspected C. preferred D. appointed
22. A. automatically B. absolutely C. unwillingly D. faithfully
23. A. rush out B. turn back C. pull over D. move on
24. A. damp B. firm C. thick D. mild
25. A. amusement B. gratitude C. panic D. amazement
26. A. rivers B. bunches C. pairs D. branches
27. A. storm B. wind C. sun D. volcano
28. A. conveyed B. imitated C. predicted D. created
29. A. quitted B. possessed C. approached D. transformed
30. A. wrote B. read C. called D. appeared
31. A. Adolescent B. People C. Genius D. Woman
32. A. idea B. doubt C. guess D. joke
33. A. judgment B. wonder C. contribution D. trend
34. A. accomplished B. opposed C. strengthened D. risked
35. A. Later B. Closer C. Faster D. Better
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者和女儿在一个雨天开车来到山顶，被山谷间的花海深深震撼住了。通过老妇人种植花海的事情，作者明白了即使每天坚持做一点点，最后也能有大不同。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我女儿卡罗琳坚持要我到山顶去看些东西。A. insisted 坚持；B. suspected 怀疑；C. preferred 偏爱；D. appointed 任命。根据前文“I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road.”可知，作者并不想驱车走山路。根据后文中出现明显转折词but可知，女儿坚持让作者去山顶看看，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不情愿地在雾中走两个小时的路程。A. automatically 自动地； B. absolutely 绝对地；C. unwillingly 不情愿地；D. faithfully 忠实地。根据前文“I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road. ”可知，作者并不想开车走山路，所以是不情愿地走了两个小时的路程，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到山顶附近的雾有多厚时，我已经走得太远了，无法返回了。A. rush out 冲出去；B. turn back 返回； C. pull over 靠边停车；D. move on 继续前进。根据句子结构“too...to... 太......而不能……”以及句意可知，作者已经走了很远的路程，而不能折回了，故选B。
24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：停车后，我们沿着一条松针密布的小路走。A. damp 潮湿的；B. firm 结实的；C. thick 厚实的； D. mild 温和的。根据后文“pine needles”可知，路上都是松针，“thick with... 遍布……”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们拐了个弯，我惊讶地倒吸了一口气。A. amusement 娱乐；B. gratitude 感激；C. panic 恐慌； D. amazement 惊奇。根据后文“From the top of the mountain were 6 of flowers flowing across valleys.”可知，从山顶到山谷是一片花海，作者被眼前的景象震撼住了，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从山顶上是一条花河，流经山谷。A. rivers 河流；B. bunches 串，束； C. pairs 一对；D. branches 树枝。根据句意可知，从山顶到山谷间遍布鲜花，就像一条从山顶流向山谷的河流，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看起来好像太阳把金色洒在了山腰上。A. storm 风暴； B. wind 风；C. sun 太阳； D. volcano 火山。根据常识可知，太阳与金色联系在一起，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谁创造了这美景。A. conveyed 转达； B. imitated 模仿；C. predicted 预测； D. created 创造。根据后文“One Plant at a Time, Started in 1980”可知，花海的主人在40年前就开始创造这一切，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近田野中央的房子时，我们看到一个牌子上写着：“我知道你问的问题的答案。”A. quitted 放弃；B. possessed 拥有；C. approached 靠近；D. transformed 改变。根据后文“ we saw a sign that 10 .” 可知，作者靠近房子时看到一个指示牌，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wrote 写； B. read 读；C. called 呼叫；D. appeared 出现。表达告示牌上写着的东西时，通常用read，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个女人——两只手，小脑袋。A. Adolescent 青少年；B. People 人们；C. Genius 天才；D. Woman 女人。根据后文“She started over 40 years ago.”可知，花的主人是女性，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最后说：可能只是一个想法的开始，但她坚持了下来。A. idea 想法； B. doubt 怀疑；C. guess 猜测；D. joke 玩笑。根据后文“if I’d had a vision and worked at it.”可知，此处是指女人有了一个想法，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的神奇让我看到了世界的可能性。A. judgment 判断；B. wonder 神奇，奇迹；C. contribution 贡献；D. trend 趋势。根据前文“probably just the beginning of a(n) 12 , but she kept at it.” 可知，将一开始的想法几十年如一日坚持下来是一个奇迹，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我有一个愿景，并努力去做，每天做一点点，我可能会完成什么？A. accomplished 完成；B. opposed 反对；C. strengthened 加强；D. risked 冒险。根据“if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day”可知，有了愿景后，每天做一点点，那么最后会实现什么呢。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：更好的是，从今天开始。A. Later 后来地；B. Closer 更近地；C. Faster更快地；D. Better 更好地。根据前文“Start tomorrow”可知，比起明天开始行动，今天就开始行动会更好，故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shen Kuo (沈括) was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty. He was ____36____ all-round scholar of astronomy, physics, chemistry, geology and medical science. ____37____ , Shen Kuo's reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing: he was the first ____38____ (build) graphic maps.
Thanks ____39____ his mother, Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood. He was diligent and he read so much that he suffered eye pain later in life. While in his ____40____ (thirty), Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place. In the dream, he climbed a hill, the top of ____41____ was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees. Clear waters ____42____ (flow) at the base of the hill, with trees on either side. Later on, when ____43____ (travel) around, he was shocked to find a piece of land that was ____44____ (exact)the one in his dream. There he settled and wrote of the discoveries he had made in his lifetime.
This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen's the Dream Rivulet Diary (《梦溪笔谈》). The Dream Rivulet Diary was a milestone in the history of Chinese science. So far, this amazing scientific work ____45____ (put) into a number of different languages, including English, French, German and Japanese.
【答案】36. an 37. However
38. to build
39. to 40. thirties
41. which 42. flowed
43. traveling##travelling
44. exactly
45. has been put
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是沈括的生平和成就。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他是天文学、物理学、化学、地质学和医学方面的全面学者。scholar是可数名词，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，all-round是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，沈括的声誉主要是在科学写作领域:他是第一个建立图形地图的人。由前面的“all-round scholar of astronomy, physics, chemistry, geology and medical science”和后面的“in the field of scientific writing ”可知，句子表示“然而，沈括的声誉主要是在科学写作领域”，因此空格处是“然而”，即however，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
【38题详解】
考查不定式。句意：然而，沈括的声誉主要是在科学写作领域：他是第一个建立图形地图的人。the first后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是不定式to build，故填to build。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：多亏了他的母亲，沈括在童年时就接受了正规的教育。根据语境可知，句子表示“多亏了他的母亲，沈括在童年时就接受了正规的教育”，thanks to是固定短语，意为“多亏了”，因此空格处是to，故填to。
【40题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：30多岁时，沈阔经常梦想有个地方。由“in his”和空格处的提示thirty可知，空格处是in one’s thirties，意为“在某人三十几岁时”，因此空格处是thirties，故填thirties。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在梦里，他爬上了一座小山，山顶上长满了色彩鲜艳的花和树。分析句子结构可知，句中用的“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词hill是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：清澈的河水在山脚下流淌，两边都是树。通篇时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式flowed，故填flowed。
【43题详解】
考查省略和时态。句意：后来，当他四处旅行时，他震惊地发现一块土地，正是他的梦想。根据语境可知，句子表示“当他四处旅行时”，通篇时态是一般过去时，因此用过去进行时，即when he was traveling/travelling，时间状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，即省略he was，因此空格处是traveling/travelling。故填traveling/travelling。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：后来，当他四处旅行时，他震惊地发现一块土地，正是他的梦想。分析句子结构可知，空格处用副词作状语，exact的副词是exactly，意为“恰好”，故填exactly。
【45题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这项令人惊叹的科学工作已被译成多种不同的语言，包括英语、法语、德语和日语。由So far可知，句子时态是现在完成时，书是被翻译，因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语this amazing scientific work是单数，因此空格处是has been put。故填has been put。
第三部分 课本知识考查(共三节，满分25分)
第一节 根据括号内的中文或英文提示，结合句子意思在空格内填入适当的词，每空只填一词。(共7小题;每空1分, 满分7分)
46. Zhang Guimei has made great ________(contribute) to the cause of education. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：张桂梅为教育事业做出了巨大贡献。make contributions to (对……做出贡献)，用复数名词contributions表不止一个贡献，作宾语。故填contributions。
47. The Senior Three student wants to look for ________(inspire) in this beautiful small town. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】inspiration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位高三学生想在这个美丽的小镇上寻找灵感。设空处应用名词的形式在句中作介词的宾语，表示抽象的概念为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
48. I’ll investigate ________ (far) how the accident happened as long as I have time. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】further
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：只要我有时间，我会进一步调查事故是如何发生的。此处表示“进一步调查”，应用副词further修饰动词investigate，作状语，表示“进一步地”，故填further。
49. The remote desert area is ________ (access) only by helicopter. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】accessible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那遥远的沙漠地区只有乘直升机才能到达。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词accessible，意为“可到达的，可进入的”在句中作表语。故填accessible。
50. In some ________(情况) people have to wait several weeks for an appointment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cases##situations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在某些情况下，人们必须等几个星期才能预约。根据所给出的汉语提示并结合语境可推知，应是名词“case/situation”，意为“情况”，可数名词，空前有“some”，应是复数形式。故填cases/situations。
51. Rules of Internet voting should be worked out and strictly ________(遵守). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】observed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：应制定并严格遵守互联网投票规则。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“遵守”对应的动词observe的过去分词形式，和前面的be构成被动语态，作谓语动词。故填observed。
52. We sincerely hope that the government should take effective measures ________(立即) to prevent the pollution going from bad to worse. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】immediately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们真诚地希望政府应该立即采取有效措施防止污染变得更糟。根据句子结构以及句意可知，空格前有动词短语take effective measures，括号提示中文含义是“立即”，指理解采取措施，复习修饰动词。故填immediately。
第二节 完成句子(根据中文意思完成句子)(共5题;每题2分，满分10分)
53. The film The Battle at Lake Changjin shows that Chinese people never ________(屈服于任何困难). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】give way to any difficulty/hardship
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句意： 电影《长津湖》表明，中国人民从不屈服于任何困难。“屈服于”可用短语give way to，“困难”为difficulty/hardship，“任何困难”翻译为any difficulty/hardship，由主句shows和句意可知，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，在that引导的宾语从句中，主语是Chinese people ，为复数，谓语动词give应用原形，故填give way to any difficulty/hardship。
54. Only When he left home________(他才知道) how much he loved his parents. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】did he realize##was he aware of
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和倒装。句意：只有当他离开家的时候，他才知道他多爱自己的父母。主语“他”用代词he，谓语动词“知道”用动词realize或者短语be aware of，结合句意和从句时态可知，讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时态，即he realized或者he was aware of；又因“only+时间状语从句”置于句首，主句应用部分倒装。故填did he realize/was he aware of。
55. You should ________(牢记这些准则) so as to avoid making mistakes. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】keep these guidelines in mind
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动词短语。句意：为了避免犯错，你应该牢记这些准则。guideline译为“准则”，“这些准则”用复数形式。keep sth in mind是固定短语，译为“把……牢记于心”，情态动词should后用动词原形，故填keep these guidelines in mind。
56. He is a very open­minded man, and won’t ________(对……讲究) these small things. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】be particular about
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他是个很开放的人，对这些小事不会吹毛求疵。“对……讲究”是固定短语be particular about，won’t是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填be particular about。
57. It is reported that the businessman ________(经历许多困难) before he succeeded. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】had gone through many difficulties
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语以及时态。句意：据报道，这位商人在成功之前经历了许多困难。汉语提示“经历许多困难”的英语短语是go through many difficulties，此时difficulty表示“困难的事情”应使用复数形式；根据句子结构可知此处是主语从句的谓语部分，根据时间状语“before he succeeded”可知动作发生在过去的过去，应使用过去完成时，故填had gone through many difficulties。
第三节 单句语法填空(填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空)(共4题;每题2分，满分8分)
58. The police had to make a forceful entry into the house ________ the thief was hiding. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：警察不得不强行进入小偷藏身的房子。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词house是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。
59. I suggest that you buy a new machine because the old one ________(damage) beyond repair. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been damaged
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我建议你买台新机器，因为旧机器已经损坏得无法修理了。分析可知，所填动词作原因状语从句的谓语动词，结合前文“I suggest that you buy a new machine(我建议你买台新机器)”语境为一般现在时可推知，设空句表述原因，应使用现在完成时，强调“发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或者结果”。且动词“damage”与主语“the old one”之间为被动关系，用现在完成时被动语态，主语是单数，故填has been damaged。
60. As the dark clouds ________(disappear), the moon gradually came into view. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】disappeared
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：随着乌云消失，月亮逐渐出现在视野中。As引导的时间状语从句，从句中谓语disappear是终止性动词,主句是一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时，故填disappeared。
61. Many interesting experiments__________________( carry) out these days. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】are being carried
【解析】
【详解】考查现在进行时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这些天正在进行许多有趣的实验。分析句意，逻辑主语Many interesting experiments和动词之间表示被动逻辑。此处符合现在进行时的基本用法：表示主语正在做某事。又因为逻辑主语表示复数故此处的（助）动词也应用复数。综合分词，此处需用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are being carried。
第四部分 应用文写作(满分25分)
62. 假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。
1. 祝贺他获奖；
2. 肯定他付出的努力；
3. 询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
中国象棋网络挑战赛：Chinese Chess Network Challenge
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter，
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge．As your friend，I just want you to know how glad I am at your success．
"Everything comes to him who waits．"For these years，you've shown great interest in Chinese chess and kept on practicing it every day．Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy，but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contests．Finally，you’ve succeeded in winning the online competition!
So I'm so happy that you become champion of this network challenge．At last，I hope to play Chinese chess with you so that we can make progress together．Please tell me when you are available．
Congratulations again．
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。1. 祝贺他获奖；2. 肯定他付出的努力；3. 询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：sincere congratulations（诚挚的祝贺），Chinese Chess Network Challenge（中国象棋网络挑战赛），show great interest in（对……感兴趣）；all kinds of（各种各样）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如As your friend，I just want you to know how glad I am at your success．运用了宾语从句；Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy，but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contests．运用了not only…but also结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。