2021-2022学年辽宁省鞍山市第八中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2021-2022学年辽宁省鞍山市第八中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
鞍山八中高一英语试卷一
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whether you seek culture, community, or comfort food in America, these amazing festivals prove that small towns from coast to coast know how to throw big celebration.
Tulip Time
Go: May in Holland, Michigan
There’s no better place to celebrate Michigan’s Dutch Heritage than a town called Holland, where six million tulips are planted in private fields, city parks, and other gardens around town. First introduced in 1929, Tulip Time draws a half million visitors and features eight days of events, including three parades, an arts-and-crafts show, carnival rides, fireworks, and plenty of Dutch food tastings.
Texas SandFest
Go: April in Port Aransas, Texas
Since 1997, this artistic sand festival attracts talented amateurs and master sculptors alike to beautiful beaches of Port Aransas. A three-day event typically held over a weekend in late April, SandFest features parades, live music, entertainment, food, and sand sculpting lessons.
Burlington Steamboat Days
Go: June in Burlington, Iowa
Going strong for over 55 years, the four-day Burlington Steamboat Days draws an impressive lineup of musical headliners and new artists to this small town. Over the years, attendees have been treated to performances by Louie Armstrong, Lady Antebellum, Blake Shelton, and more. In addition to music, there are carnival games and parades, as well as a golf tournament.
National Balloon Classic
Go: July-August in Indianola, Iowa
Every summer since 1976, the small town has put on one of the largest festivals in the Midwest. The weeklong National Balloon Classic features twice-daily flights of more than 100 colorful hot-air balloons, skydiving demonstrations, and balloon rides. There’s also live music, food vendors, and a kid’s play area.
1. Which of the following has the longest history?
A. Tulip Time. B. Texas SandFest.
C. Burlington Steamboat Day. D. National Balloon Classic.
2. What can people do in Burligton Steamboat Days?
A. Take a balloon ride. B. Attend sculpting lessons.
C. Learn steamboat’s history. D. Enjoy great performances.
3. What do these festivals have in common?
A. They kick off with parades. B. They all last for a week long.
C. They take place in small towns. D. They are held in the same state.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个美国小镇举办的四个节日。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tulip Time中First introduced in 1929, Tulip Time draws a half million visitors and features eight days of events,“Tulip Time于1929年首次推出，吸引了50万游客，并以为期八天的活动为特色，” 再根据Texas SandFest中Since 1997, this artistic sand festival attracts talented amateurs and master sculptors alike to beautiful beaches of Port Aransas.“自1997年以来，这个艺术沙滩节吸引了才华横溢的业余爱好者和雕塑大师来到美丽的阿伦萨斯港海滩。”和Burlington Steamboat Days中Going strong for over 55 years, the four-day Burlington Steamboat Days draws an impressive lineup of musical headliners and new artists to this small town.“为期四天的柏林顿汽船日吸引了大批音乐明星和新艺术家来到这个小镇。”以及National Balloon Classic中Every summer since 1976, the small town has put on one of the largest festivals in the Midwest.“自1976年以来，这个小镇每年夏天都会举办中西部最大的节日之一。”由此推知，Tulip Time的历史最长。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Burlington Steamboat Days中Over the years, attendees have been treated to performances by Louie Armstrong, Lady Antebellum, Blake Shelton, and more. In addition to music, there are carnival games and parades, as well as a golf tournament.（多年来，与会者一直可以观赏到路易·阿姆斯特朗、战前夫人、布雷克·谢尔顿等人的表演。除了音乐，还有嘉年华游戏和游行，以及高尔夫锦标赛。）可知，人们在Burligton Steamboat Days里享受伟大的表演。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Whether you seek culture, community, or comfort food in America, these amazing festivals prove that small towns from coast to coast know how to throw big celebration.“无论你是在美国寻找文化、社区，还是舒适的食物，这些令人惊叹的节日都证明了美国各地的小镇都知道如何举办盛大的庆祝活动。”可知，这些节日的共同之处是“它们发生在小城镇。”故选C。
B
When I’m in Italy I generally only eat Italian food. I doubt whether there’s another country in Europe that has food that can keep me coming back for more.
To eat well in Italy, finding the right restaurant is essential. I appreciate personality-driven restaurants, run by people keen(热衷的) to share their love of good cooking, and places serving family recipes. Signs of a good restaurant include a low-rent location, lots of locals, and a small, handwritten menu in one language. The menu is small because they’re only selling everything they’re cooking; it’s handwritten because it’s shaped by what is fresh today in the market; and it’s in one language because they mostly serve locals.
For a fast and cheap lunch, I look for Italian food in corner delis (熟食店): either a rosticceria, specializing in roasted meats and antipasti(开胃食物), or a hot table bar — a cafeteria offering a buffet of meat and vegetables. Another option is to drop by a neighborhood grocery store to pick up some cold cuts, cheeses, and other foods for a picnic.
Italians tend to spend a long time on each course, and dinner is the evening’s entertainment. For example, when you have a full-blown Italian dinner in a restaurant, you don’t get out until midnight; a three-hour meal is common. Waiters often provide lots of drinks that seem designed to keep you from leaving. When you want the bill, you’ll have to ask for it. To “eat and run” is seen as a lost opportunity.
A couple of years ago I sat down at my favorite place in Verona, Enoteca Can Grande, with my friend and guide Franklin. We let the chef, Giuliano bring us whatever he wanted. Just after the antipasti arrived, Franklin’s wife phoned him and said, “Don’t eat too much cheese or dessert.” Later Franklin, who was not thin, surveyed our table. Sighing, he said, “The foods are so plentiful but I can eat few.”
“That’s a pity,” I said.
I enjoyed the food for three hours and he watched me eating for three hours. Eating in Verona was really an amazing experience.
4. What does the author want to show in Paragraph 1?
A He doesn’t have many food choices in Italy.
B. Italian food is the best all over Europe.
C. He has a great tooth for Italian food.
D. He doesn’t like trying foreign food.
5. Where does the author like eating while in Italy?
A. At a restaurant at a high-rent location.
B. At a restaurant that locals visit frequently.
C. At a place where waiters don’t just speak Italian.
D. At a place which provides various food.
6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Ways to eat simply and cheaply in Italy.
B. Ways to prepare simple food in Italy.
C. Places to have a picnic in Italy.
D. Nice places to eat in Italy.
7. What do we learn about Italians at dinner in a restaurant?
A. They like ordering lots of drinks.
B. They don’t consider it fun.
C. They usually spend much time on dinner.
D. They don’t like ordering much food.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者很喜欢意大利食物。这篇文章介绍在意大利，要怎样才能吃到好的食物？那里的人们在餐厅又是怎样用餐的呢？
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的only eat Italian food和keep me coming back for more可知，作者很喜欢意大利食物。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Signs of a good restaurant include a low-rent location, lots of locals, and a small, handwritten menu in one language.可知，作者喜欢去当地人经常光顾的餐馆。故选B项。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段的内容，可知作者主要介绍了在意大利一些吃的简单且便宜的方法。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的Italians tend to spend a long time on each course, and dinner is the evening’s entertainment. For example, when you have a full-blown Italian dinner in a restaurant, you don’t get out until midnight可知，意大利人会花很长时间吃晚餐。故选C项。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第4小题，根据第四段的Italians tend to spend a long time on each course, and dinner is the evening’s entertainment. For example, when you have a full-blown Italian dinner in a restaurant, you don’t get out until midnight可知，意大利人会花很长时间吃晚餐。故选C项。
C
Along with soccer, basketball is a global sport. As you read this. young people somewhere in the world are happily passing, dribbling(运球) and shooting. It’s enormous fun and a joyful way to spend time with others.
Basketball is a game for everyone. Unlike golf or tennis. it doesn't require great wealth or a lot of space to play. After all, not many people have a golf course-sized backyard. and tennis equipment is expensive. Basketball, by contrast, just needs a wall with a hoop and a ball.
So after its invention by Canadian-American physical educator James Naismith in 1891, the sport took off within US citizens, who quickly became attracted to the game because it suited their circumstances. Today, 127 years later, basketball remains one of the most popular sports in the US, and the National Basketball Association (NBA)has an increasing appeal for fans around the world.
The success of basketball as global phenomenon is undoubtedly related to the way African-Americans play the game.” The basketball court reflected some of the major cultural shifts in America, such as from forbidding African-Americans to play basketball to allowing them to play in the NBA, "the LIVESTRONG website noted.
From the 1950s onwards, segregation rules, which had prohibited African-Americans from playing basketball in NBA games, were no longer used in the US. In 1950, when Earl Lloyd started to play for the Washington Capitols, things began to change. Since then, most of the greats of the game have been African-Americans, like Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, Kobe Bryant and LeBron James.
It's not difficult to see that there's a strong link between political liberation and basketball. Something of this is expressed in a quote from the US author John Edgar Wideman. He makes a connection between basketball and hope:" When it's' played the way it's supposed to be played. basketball happens in the air; flying, floating, raised above the floor, letting the oppressed(受压制的) people of this earth imagine themselves in their dreams.”
8. What advantage does basketball have over golf or tennis, according to the author?
A. It can be played everywhere.
B. It doesn't cost much.
C. It doesn't require too much skill.
D. It interests almost everyone.
9. What can we learn about basketball from Paragraph 3?
A. The sport was created by a PE teacher.
B. The sport was not popular with people at first.
C. Its rules have been changed a lot to suit new circumstances.
D. The NBA. with a history of 127 Years. attracts people worldwide
10. The main purpose of Paragraph 5 is to .
A. explain the origin and rules of NBA games in the 1950s
B. prove the popularity of basketball among African-Americans
C. stress the success African-Americans in basketball
D. show how racial integration took place in basketball
11. What do John Edgar Wideman's words mean?
A. Basketball is sometimes a useful tool for politicians.
B. American people usually have a basketball dream.
C. Basketball stands for the freedom and hopes of people.
D. Political oppression is a serious problem in the US.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。说起伟大的篮球运动员，我们会想到迈克尔·乔丹、“魔术师”埃尔文·约翰逊、科比·布莱恩特以及勒布朗·詹姆斯等非裔美国篮球运动员，而篮球运动其实也和非裔美国人有着颇深的渊源。
【8题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段第二句" Unlike golf or tennis, it doesn't' require great wealth or lot of space to play”可知，打篮球不需要花很多钱,也不需要很大的运动场地。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第三段第一句中的"So after its invention by Canadian-American physical educator James Naismith in 1891"可知,1891年加拿大裔美国体育教师 James Naismith发明了篮球运动。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查推理判断。由文章第五段的内容可知，从20世纪50年代开始美国废除了禁止非商美国人参与NBA比赛的种族隔离政策，大多数篮球运动的杰出人物就都是非美国人。因而，第五段主要说明了美国篮球界的种族融合现象。故选D。
【11题详解】
考查推理判断。由文章最后一段第三句的内容可知,美国作家John Edgar Wideman说:“当人们以应有的方式打篮球时，篮球流行起来：飞翔、飘浮、从地面弹起，篮球让地球上受压迫的人们在他们的梦想中天马行空。”由此可知,篮球代表了自由和希望。故选C。
D
Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. And anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges.
Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese. Writing in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience，researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音调).
One of the study's authors，Nina Kraus，said the findings suggested that studying music “actually tunes our sensory system”.This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs，Dr. Kraus said. She said music training might also help children with language problems.
Mandarin(普通话)speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(编码) of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do. This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages，pitch plays a central role. A single­syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.
For this study，the researchers looked at 20 non­Chinese speaking volunteers，half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.
As they were shown a movie，the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word “mi” in three of its meanings:squint，bewilder and rice. The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds. Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese sounds.
The lead author of the study，Patrick C.M.Wong，said it might work both ways. It appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.
12. When learning Chinese，a foreigner will find ________.
A. he has a difficult time learning music at the same time
B. he has an easier time learning music at the same time
C. it is hard to master the tones required to speak and understand
D. it is easy to use the brain to help him discover changes in pitch
13. Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training?
A. Because there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.
B. Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.
C. Because music training might help people with language study.
D. Because people who do well in Chinese study do well in music.
14. The underlined word “intoned” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word “____”.
A. created B. spelled C. seemed D. pronounced
15. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Mandarin Speakers Are Smarter than English Speakers
B. Skilled Ear for Music May Help Language Study
C Pitch Plays a Central Role in Chinese Learning
D. Schools Need to Develop Music Programs
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。目前有研究人员发现，受过音乐训练的人学习语言更容易。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand”.可知，任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch可知，学习汉语和音乐训练用到的是都是大脑相同的部位。这些部位有助于帮助人们发现音调中的变化。故学习汉语和音乐训练有关系。所以为什么中文学习与音乐训练有关是因为学习两种技能需要用到大脑相同的部位。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。由第四段“This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages，pitch plays a central role. A single­syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned. ”可知，在普通话和其他亚洲语言中，音调起着中心作用。对一个单音节词而言，当人们对这个词发出不同的音调时，那么，这个词就表达出不同的意思。在第六段中以“mi”为例，这个词不同的音调就代表着不同的意思。故划线单词表达的应是人们对一个单音节词的“发音”。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，研究表明，经过音乐训练的人，在学汉语方面会更加容易。音乐训练和汉语学习均用到了大脑相同的部位。该部位可以帮助人们更好地发现语调的变化，有助于人们学习语言。所以短文的最佳标题是“熟练的音乐听觉有助于语言学习”故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you usually feel you’re working hard but still can’t reach your study goals? Here are some quick tips to help you study better.
◆ Study with a partner or in groups
Rather than living in a cave with your nose in the books all day, grab a friend from your class and study with him. ___16___ Actively engaging the information with someone else not only helps you to learn, but makes studying more enjoyable.
◆ Step into your teacher’s shoes
Ask yourself “If I were the teacher, what would I put on the test?” ___17___ Learn from them for the next test. Remember, teachers don’t expect you to memorize every single detail, just the ones they feel are important. It’s your job to figure out what that is.
◆ Paint bigger pictures
___18___ It’s harder to remember each piece of a puzzle individually than it is to recall the completed picture.
Try this exercise: memorize these numbers in order 6...2...9...1...3...8...4...0...5.
Now try to memorize these numbers 629....138....405
The bottom is easier right? It is the same order of numbers, but put into the context of bigger numbers. Creating context gives information meaning and also turns learning into an experience rather than simple absorption.
◆ ___19___
A hungry brain is an ineffective one. Your brain needs the proper nutrients to keep it going. Because of this, what you eat and drink also plays a huge role in how sharp your brain is. Healthy foods provide nutrients to your brain cells to keep them energized.
◆ Take breaks to relax your brain
Your brain is like a muscle. ___20___ But it can also tire if you overwork it. If you divide studying into 15 to 30 minutes blocks with quick breaks in between, your brain will feel refreshed, grateful and ready for the next challenge you throw at it.
A. Feed your brain.
B. It needs exercise to make it stronger.
C. Relax your brain by eating and drinking.
D. If in doubt, by all means, ask your teachers.
E. You have probably experienced a lot of tests and quizzes by now.
F. Find ways to connect what you are learning to real life or to other concepts.
G. Group studying helps you to engage and process the information more deeply.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以有助于更好更快速学习的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Rather than living in a cave with your nose in the books all day, grab a friend from your class and study with him.(与其窝在山洞里整天埋头读书，不如从班里找个朋友和他一起学习)”以及后文“Actively engaging the information with someone else not only helps you to learn, but makes studying more enjoyable.(积极地和别人交流信息不仅能帮助你学习，还能让学习变得更有趣)”可知，上文提出和他人一起学习，后文则说明了和别人交流信息的好处，可知本句与后文构成并列，都是在说明小组学习的优点。G选项中Group studying也对应小标题“Study with a partner or in groups(和同伴或小组一起学习)”。故G选项“小组学习可以帮助你更深入地参与和处理信息”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Ask yourself “If I were the teacher, what would I put on the test?”(问问你自己“如果我是老师，我会在考试中考什么？”)”以及后文“Learn from them for the next test.(向他们学习，为下一次考试做准备)”可知，上文提出假设自己是老师，后文则提到向他们学习，可知本句是在说明问老师问题，向他们学习，D选项中teachers对应后文中them。故D选项“如果有疑问，无论如何要问你的老师”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“It’s harder to remember each piece of a puzzle individually than it is to recall the completed picture.(单独记住每一块拼图要比记住完整的图片更难)”以及“Creating context gives information meaning and also turns learning into an experience rather than simple absorption.(创造语境能赋予信息意义，也能把学习变成一种体验，而不是简单的吸收)”可知，后文提到完整的图片更容易几乎，语境能更好地理解信息的意义，也就是说将所学到的东西与其他东西联系起来，组成一个整体会更好地理解。故F选项“找到方法将你所学的东西与现实生活或其他概念联系起来”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
本空为本段小标题，结合本段内容“A hungry brain is an ineffective one. Your brain needs the proper nutrients to keep it going. Because of this, what you eat and drink also plays a huge role in how sharp your brain is. Healthy foods provide nutrients to your brain cells to keep them energized.(饥饿的大脑是效率低下的。你的大脑需要适当的营养来维持运转。正因为如此，你的饮食也对你的大脑有多敏锐起着很大的作用。健康的食物为你的脑细胞提供营养，让它们保持活力)”可知，本段的主要内容是为大脑提供足够的营养，才能维持大脑的活力和高效，A选项中brain对应后文中brain。故A选项“喂饱你的大脑”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Your brain is like a muscle.(你的大脑就像一块肌肉)”可知，上文把大脑比喻成一块肌肉，也就是说越锻炼大脑，大脑才会越强壮，B选项中It指代上文brain。故B选项“它需要运动使它更强壮”符合语境，故选B。


第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My daughter and I were swimming in our pool one summer day. This day was like any of the other days, so I had no way of knowing that this one would go down in our family history as a ___21___ we cherish(珍惜)and still ___22___ from time to time.
The sun was setting and the night was ___23___ approaching. My daughter ___24___ it first—a spider was spinning her web at the bottom of the freshly painted blue fence that ___25___ our pool. It surprised me that she saw this, and it surprised me even more that she wasn’t ___26___ of the spider.
Instead, she ___27___ watched as the spider busied herself in the cycle of life. As we both watched this wonder of nature, a very simple thought ___28___ me. I had lost the track of ___29___. I honestly didn’t know how long we had been just staying there and ____30____ that spider making her web. But, regardless of whatever amount of time had passed, the truth was that we were ____31____ having fun.
What we had done was to spend time together and ____32____ the simple things in life. We talked about how precious our ____33____ amount of time is on this planet and how we should ____34____ to enjoy the simple things in life like the flight of a bird. The simple things are the ____35____ things in life, even when they include spiders and webs.
21. A. memory B. freedom C. response D. conflict
22. A. hear of B. talk about C. argue about D. complain of
23. A. cautiously B. incredibly C. directly D. quickly
24. A. remembered B. imagined C. watched D. noticed
25. A. constructed B. decorated C. surrounded D. reached
26. A. tired B. afraid C. content D. fond
27. A. originally B. anxiously C. typically D. delightfully
28. A. knocked B. moved C. hit D. hurt
29. A. event B. data C. spider D. time
30. A. winding up B. picking up C. pointing at D. staring at
31. A. normally B. simply C. slightly D. independently
32. A. do B. appreciate C. handle D. discuss
33. A. limited B. former C. extra D. distant
34. A. forget B. want C. stop D. choose
35. A. unusual B. best C. easiest D. rare
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过记叙作者和女儿偶然发现蜘蛛结网的小事，由此发出感慨：生活中最简单的事情也是最美好的。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一天就像其他日子一样，所以我不知道这一天是否会作为我们珍视的记忆而载入我们的家族史册，并时时被人提起。A. memory记忆；B. freedom自由；C. response回应；D. conflict矛盾。根据上文“This day was like any of the other days”可知，这一天已经过去，成为了作者和女儿珍惜的记忆（memory）。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一天就像其他日子一样，所以我不知道这一天是否会作为我们珍视的记忆而载入我们的家族史册，并时时被人谈起。A. hear of听说；B. talk about谈论；C. argue about争论；D. complain of抱怨。根据下文“from time to time”可推知，是被人时不时谈起。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：太阳正在落山，黑夜很快就要来临。A. cautiously小心地；B. incredibly难以置信地；C. directly直接地；D. quickly快地。根据常识可知，太阳落山了夜晚就快来临。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我女儿首先注意到的是，在我们游泳池周围新粉刷过的蓝色栅栏的底部，有一只蜘蛛正在结网。A. remembered记住；B. imagined想象；C. watched看着；D. noticed注意到。根据后面的内容可知，是注意到了（notice）一只蜘蛛要结网。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我女儿首先注意到的是，在我们游泳池周围新粉刷过的蓝色栅栏的底部，有一只蜘蛛正在结网。A. constructed建造；B. decorated装饰；C. surrounded包围；D. reached到达。根据下文“our pool”可推知，泳池应该是被栅栏包围着。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是她看到了这一切，更让我吃惊的是她竟然不怕蜘蛛。A. tired疲惫的；B. afraid害怕的；C. content满足的；D. fond喜欢的。根据上文“and it surprised me”可知，她竟然不怕蜘蛛让我感到吃惊。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她欣喜地看着蜘蛛忙着自己的生命周期。A. originally最初地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. typically典型地；D. delightfully快乐地。根据上文可知，女儿不怕蜘蛛，反而欣喜地看着蜘蛛。instead表示与上文提到的情况相反，不害怕反而高兴地看。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们都看着这大自然的奇迹时，我突然生了一个非常简单的想法。A. knocked敲击；B. moved移动；C. hit打击；D. hurt伤害。hit除“打，打击”之意外，还有“使忽然意识到”的意思。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我忘记了时间。A. event事件；B. data数据；C. spider 蜘蛛；D. time时间。根据下文“I honestly didn't know how long we had been just staying there”可知，是忘记了时间。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：说实话，我不知道我们在那里呆了多久，直盯着那只织网的蜘蛛。A. winding up结束；B. picking up捡起；C. pointing at指；D. staring at盯着。根据下文“that spider making her web”可知，是盯着织网的蜘蛛。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，不管过了多少时间，事实是我们只是玩得很开心。A. normally正常地；B. simply简单地；C. slightly稍微地；D. independently独立地。作者和女儿只是简单地看着蜘蛛织网。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所做的就是花时间在一起，欣赏生活中的简单事物。A.do做；B. appreciate欣赏；C. handle处理；D. discuss讨论。根据文章上文作者和女儿一起观看欣赏了蜘蛛织网，以及下文“the simple things in life”可知，是欣赏生活中简单事物。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们谈到我们在这个星球上有限的时间是多么宝贵，我们应该停下来享受生活中简单的事情，比如飞翔的小鸟。A. limited有限的；B. former从前的；C. extra额外的；D. distant遥远的。根据常识可知，时间是有限而宝贵的。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谈到我们在这个星球上有限的时间是多么宝贵，我们应该停下来享受生活中简单的事情，比如飞翔的小鸟。A. forget忘记；B. want想要；C. stop停止；D. choose选择。结合上文可知，时间有限和宝贵，因此应该停下来享受生活简单的事情。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简单的事情是生活中最好的事情，即使它们包括了蜘蛛和蜘蛛网。A. unusual不同寻常的；B. best最好的；C. easiest最容易的；D. rare稀有的。根据后文“even when they include spiders and webs.”中的even以及全文内容可知，最简单的事情也是最美好的事情。故选B项。
第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Festivals and celebrations have many ___36___(original), some religious, some seasonal and some ___37___ memory of special people or events. Some festivals are held ___38___ (honor) or satisfy our ancestors. People light lamps and play music because they think this ___39___(lead )the ancestors back to earth. India honors Mohandas Gandhi___40___helped gain India’s independence from Britain. And the Chinese Lunar New Year is the most___41___ (energy) and important festival. Children look forward to ___42___(dress) up and people may give them lucky money in red paper. Harvest and thanksgiving festivals can be happy events. People are grateful because their food ___43___ (gather) for the winter and the agricultural work is over. Japan, ___44___(cover) with cherry tree flower, has Cherry Blossom Festivals. No matter ____45____ the reason is, festivals are always times for great feasts with lots to eat, and generally lots of fun.
【答案】36. origins
37. in 38. to honor
39. will lead
40. who##that
41. energetic
42. dressing
43. is gathered
44. covered
45. what
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了节日有不同的起源，有的是宗教的，有的是季节性的，有的是为了记住特别的人或事件，有的是为了纪念祖先。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：节日和庆祝活动有许多起源，有些是宗教性的，有些是季节性的，有些是为了纪念特殊的人或事。分析句子并根据空前的many可知，空处应使用可数名词复数形式，表达“起源”之意。故填origins。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：节日和庆祝活动有许多起源，有些是宗教性的，有些是季节性的，有些是为了纪念特殊的人或事。in memory of为固定用法，意为“纪念……”。故填in。
【38题详解】
考查不定式。句意：有些节日是为了纪念或满足我们的祖先。分析句子可知，空处应使用不定式表目的，作状语。故填to honor。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：人们点灯和演奏音乐，因为他们认为这将引导祖先回到地球。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合句意可知，句子应使用一般将来时，表示将发生某事。故填will lead。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意：印度向帮助印度脱离英国独立Mohandas Gandhi表示敬意。分析句子可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，从句缺少主语，应使用who或者that代替指人的先行词Mohandas Gandhi。故填who/that。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国的农历新年是最有活力和最重要的节日。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词，作定语，修饰名词festival。故填energetic。
【42题详解】
考查动名词。句意：孩子们期待着打扮，人们可能会用红纸给他们压岁钱。look forward to doing sth.为固定用法，意为“期盼着……”，用动名词作介词to的宾语。故填dressing。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：人们心存感激，因为他们冬天的食物收集好了，农活也干完了。分析句子可知，句子应使用一般现在时，由于gather与所修饰词their food（第三人称单数形式）之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，主语food不可数故填is gathered。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：日本遍布樱花树，有樱花盛开的节日。分析句子可知，空处应使用非谓语动词。由于cover与所修饰词Japan之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填covered。
【45题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：不管是什么原因，节日总是盛大的宴会，有很多吃的，通常有很多乐趣。分析句子可知，从句缺少表语，应使用no matter 与疑问词what连用，引导让步状语从句，表达“无论是……”之意。故填what。


第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你代表班级参加学校组织的主题为“ How to Keep Healthy”的英语作文比赛。请你写一篇文章参赛，内容包括：
1. 饮食方面：多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃肉类；
2. 情绪方面：保持积极的心情，良好的情绪；
3. 锻炼方面：经常运动(跑步、散步等)。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加，以使行文连贯。
How to Keep Healthy
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to Keep Healthy
Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. So it is necessary for us to know how to keep healthy.
First of all, it’s necessary for us to keep a balanced diet. We should eat more vegetables and fruit which contain lots of vitamins and less fat. And we should try to eat less meat. Moreover, keeping a good state of mind is also good for our health. We should always have an active attitude towards life. Last but not least, make sure we take proper exercise every day. Running or walking, simple as it is, has a positive effect on our health.
In a word, there is a lot we can do to keep healthy. Let’s take action to be healthier.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生写一篇文章参加学校组织的主题为“How to Keep Healthy”的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关心：care→be concerned about
必要的： essential →necessary
保持健康：keep fit→keep healthy
积极的：active→ positive
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health.
拓展句：Nowadays, it is a fact that more and more people are concerned about their health.
【点睛】【高分句型1】So it is necessary for us to know how to keep healthy.（运用了it作形式主语）
【高分句型2】Running or walking, simple as it is, has a positive effect on our health.（运用了as引导的让步状语从句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Sports Day was fast coming to the school. All the children were very excited and were practicing for the big race. Jim, one of the fast runners of the school was confident that he would win so he was not doing anything at all. “You have to work hard to come first in the race, Jim. You are not practicing at all,” said Jim's mother.
“Mom, you know how fast I am! Then why should I waste my time running? Only I will win；no one else will win!” shouted Jim. “Jim, you may be right but talent without hard work is not good at all. This laziness of yours will cost you greatly,” his mother warned him. Jim just laughed and shrugged (耸肩) his shoulders. He was so confident that would win the prize as no one else in his class was as fast as he was!
Tim, a classmate of Jim was also participating in the running race. He was not a fast runner. However, he was very devoted and practiced till late night and had developed great endurance (耐力) and willpower (意志) to win the race.
There were a few days left for the Sports Day but Jim did not practice at all. On the other hand, Tim practiced day and night. The Sports Day was almost around the corner but Jim was confident that no one could beat him and had not practiced at all. But Tim with his devotion and hard work had become a very fast runner.
At last, the Sports Day arrived. All the students crowded the ground to cheer their favorites. The signal was given to the participants to begin the race. The coach blew the whistle and everyone began to run towards the finishing line. It was so exciting. Jim and Tim left all the racers far behind. Both of them were neck to neck.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答案卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
Suddenly, Jim went ahead of Tim.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Jim’s mother came to Tim and praised him for his hard work.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
Suddenly, Jim went ahead of Tim. The crowd cheered for him. Soon, it was clear that Jim was going to beat Tim. But, when they were just a few metres away from the finishing line, Tim surprisingly picked up speed and ran ahead of Jim and reached the finishing line. Tim surprised everyone with his brilliant performance. He proudly received the prize and the money.
Paragraph 2
Jim’s mother came to Tim and praised him for his hard work. She said, “You deserve it for your devotion and effort!” “Thanks, Ms! ” Tim replied with an open smile and walked happily with his prize. Jim hung his head in shame. His mother turned to him and said, “Look, Jim, talent without hard work is simply useless. That boy put efforts and got rewarded for his hard work. Hard work is the only way to success. ” Now Jim understood the importance of hard work. This incident brought about a major change in his life.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间发展为线索展开，讲述了一次运动会中，吉姆有天赋但过于自信，不努力练习，相反蒂姆每日每夜都在为比赛做准备，最终蒂姆获得冠军的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，吉姆走到了蒂姆的前面。”可知，第一段可描写比赛境况发生转折，蒂姆超过吉姆。
②由第二段首句内容“吉姆的妈妈来找蒂姆，表扬他努力。”可知，第二段可描写吉姆的妈妈借这次比赛让吉姆深刻明白没有努力的天赋是无用的这个道理。
2.续写线索：吉姆超过蒂姆——蒂姆反超——吉姆妈妈庆祝蒂姆——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.加速：pick up speed/speed up/accelerate
②.产生改变：bring about a major change/make a big difference
情绪类
①.表扬：praise/applaud sb for
②.羞愧：in shame/be ashamed of
【点睛】
[高分句型1]: Soon, it was clear that Jim was going to beat Tim.这句话运用了主语从句。
[高分句型2]. But, when they were just a few metres away from the finishing line, Tim surprisingly picked up speed and ran ahead of Jim and reached the finishing line.这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句。