初中英语中考复习 中考专题：不定式（答案不全）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 中考专题：不定式（答案不全），共14页。

(1) 常见的带t的不定式的动词有：
打算想要学会它; (plan, want/wuld like, learn)
希望同意来选择; (hpe/wish, agree/prmise, chse) +t d
准备决定被拒绝; (prepare, decide/determine, refuse)
设法假装未做到. (manage, pretend, fail) ask

Ask , teach , allw , advise , persuade , require , tell , cause ,invite，encurage，enable，expect+sb+t d
小练习：He asked me ______ t his birthday party.
A. t gB. gC. gesD. went
(2) 常见不带t的动词可以总结为：
“五看”：see , watch , ntice ，lk ，bserve
“三使役：have , make , let
“两听”：hear ,listen t
“一感觉”：feel
“半帮助：help
**NOTE:这些动词用于被动语态时t是不省略的。例如：I was made t d hmewrk.
还有在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better nt d sth.。例如:
Yu had better g hme nw.你最好现在回家。
小练习：
1. S much wrk usually makes them _______ very tired.
A. t feelB. feelsC. feelingD. feel
2. Many bys and girls are made ______ what they’re nt ______.
A. t d, interestedB. t d, interested in C. d, interested inD. ding, interested
3. We saw him __________ the building and g upstairs.
A. t enterB. enter C. enteringD. entered
4. When I was walking in the street. I saw a plane ______ ver my head.
A. fliesB. flyingC. flewD. t fly
5. Yu'd better________yur cat. It's cld utside.
A. put n B . t put n C. putting n D. puts n
二.句法功能
考查动词不定式做主语
1.________is difficult t wrk n the Great Wall.
A. This B. It C. That D. Its
2. It's nice________ yu________ me with my maths.
A. fr; t help B. fr; helping C. f; t help D. f; helping
(2)考查动词不定式作表语：
His ambitin is __________________
A. a teacher B. t be a teacher C. t be teacher D teach
(3)考查动词不定式作宾语
1. They decided________ at the end f this mnth.
A. t leave B. ging C. travel D. nt start ut
2. All f us fund________ difficult t wrk ut the maths prblem.
A. what B. that C. which D. it
3. Please stp________ a rest if yu feel tired.
A. t have B. having C. have D. has
(4)考查动词不定式作定语
1. There's enugh bird fd________ fr a mnth.
A. t last B. last C. lasts D. lasted
2. She has n paper________.
A. t write B. t write with C. write n D. t write n
(5)考查动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. Mther asked me________ sme fruit after supper.
A. buy B. bught C. buying D. t buy
2. Let him________ a rest. I think he must be tired after the lng walk.
A. have B. gets C. t take D. has
3. It was raining heavily utside. The father made the children________ in the rm.
A. t stay B. stay C. staying D. stayed
4.-I saw Betty g t Grandpa Zhang's hme just nw.
-Yes, she is ften seen________ the ld man with his husewrk.
A. help B. t help C. helps D. helped
(6)考查动词不定式作状语
1. Yesterday mrning I gt up early ________be late fr the exam.
A. in rder t B. in rder t nt C. s as nt t D. s as t
2. Let's________ s as nt________ late fr the meeting.
A. t hurry, t B. t hurry, t be C. hurry, t be D. hurry, be
三: 含有动词不定式的句式归纳
常见的含有动词不定式的句式主要有以下几种：
A) It takes (csts) sb. sme time （mney）t d sth.
某人花费多少时间（金钱）做某事。例如：
1. It ften takes me half an hur t watch TV every evening.
每天晚上我常常用半小时看电视。
在使用该句式要注意的是：sb. 如果代词表示用宾格；take随时态改变；句中的时间用段时间，对时间提问用hw lng。
例 It tk us mre than tw hurs t d ur hmewrk yesterday.
Hw lng did it take yu t d yur hmewrk yesterday?
B）It’s time t d sth. 该做某事了，同义句为：It’s time fr sth. / ding sth. 例：
It’s time t g t schl. 该上学了。
=（It’s time fr schl.）
It’s time t get up. 该起床了。
=（It’s time fr getting up.）
此句可以扩展为：It’s time fr sb. t d sth. 是某人做某事的时间了。
fr sb. t d sth. 是动词不定式的复合结构。例：
It’s time fr me t wrk.
到我工作的时间了。
It’s time fr yu t g t schl.
到你们上学的时间了。
C） 主语＋be（nt）+adj.+enugh t d sth.
（某人、某物）足够（不能）做某事。例：
The by is ld enugh t g t schl.
这个孩子到了上学年龄。
I’m tall enugh t reach the tp f the tree.
我够高能够到树顶。
Nte 1:此句是肯定句时，可以用主＋be＋s＋adj.＋that的句型（即s…that…表示的结果状语从句）来替换。
The by is ld enugh t g t schl. =The by is s ld that he can g t schl.
I I’m tall enugh t reach the tp f the am s tall that I can reach the tp f the tree.
Nte2: 此句是否定句式时，既可以用s…that…引导的结果状语从句来替换，还可以用t…t…句式替换。例：
(1)他太小不能去上班。
He is nt ld enugh t g t wrk.
He is s yung that he can’t g t wrk.
He is t yung t g t wrk. 再如：
这个箱子太重我搬不动
The bx is nt light enugh fr me t carry.
The bx is t heavy fr me t carry.
The bx is s heavy that I can’t carry it.
D）sb. +be ready + t d sth. （某人乐意做某事）
He is always ready t help thers.
（他总是乐于帮助别人）
I’m always ready t make new friends.
我总是乐于结交新朋友。
E）It’s +adj. + fr / f sb. t d sth. 这是动词不定式的复合结构
对某人来说做某事…
例：It’s dangerus fr children t play ftball in the street.
对孩子来说在街上踢足球是很危险的。
It’s very kind f yu t say s.
你这样说真是太好了。
该句式中，引导动词不定式的逻辑主语的介词用fr还是f，主要取决于前面的形容词。如果形容词是描述动词不定式的行为者的性格、品质的。如：kind, gd, nice, wrng, right, clever, careless, flish等，应用f；如果形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对动词不定式的行为者的品质进行评价的，就用fr. 常见这类形容词有difficult, easy, hard, imprtant, dangerus等。
It’s wrng f yu t d it.
你做这件事是错的。
It’s hard fr yu t be a lawyer.
对你来说做律师很困难。
F）主+wuld like / lve t d sth. …喜欢（想做某事）
I’d like t g there with yu.
我很想和你一起去那。
I’d lve I like t help yu study English.
我很愿意帮你学英语。
此句式还可以扩展为：
wuld like / lve sb. t d sth.
“喜欢/想让某人做某事。”
I’d like yu t stay here.
我想让你留在这。
I’d like them t help me.
我想让他们帮助我。
G） Why dn’t yu +动词原形+…？（Why nt＋动词原形…？）你为什么不…？
这本书有点难，为什么不读些容易的？
This bk is a bit hard, why nt read smething easier?
It’s warm here, why dn’t yu take ff yur cat?
这很暖和，你为什么不脱掉外衣？
There is a seat, why nt sit dwn?
还有座位，怎么不坐下？
H）…prefer …t d sth. rather than d sth. …宁愿…也不愿…
I prefer t stay at hme rather than g ut.
我宁愿呆在家里，也不愿出去。
She prefers t be pr rather than get mney in such a way.
她宁愿受穷也不愿以这种方式挣钱。
I）It’s ne’s turn t d sth.
该轮到谁做某事了。
ne’s用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格来替换。例：
It’s my turn t be n duty.
该轮到我值日了。
It’s Li Ping’s turn t clean the blackbard.
该轮到李平擦黑板了。
J）主语＋be＋形容词＋t d sth. …做某事如何。例：
I’m srry t hear that.
听到这事很难过。
I’m glad t see yu again.
再次见到你我很高兴。
K)有些动词后既可以跟动词不定式也可以跟动名词形式。V + t d 和 V + v-ing 的区别：请你自己再思考一下，看还有几个有相同用法的单词？
1.Stp _________ s much nise! Father is wrking at the desk.
A. t makeB. makingC. t hearD. hearing
2. Yu must be very tired. Why nt _______ a rest?
A. t stp t haveB. t stp having C. stp t haveD. stp having
3 . －I’m srry, I ______ my hmewrk at hme.
－That’s all right. Dn’t frget ________ it t schl this afternn.
A. frget, t takeB. frget, bring C. left, t takeD. left, t bring
4. －Where’s my letter, Mum?
－Yu psted it yesterday.
－Oh, I really frget ______ it.
A. t pst B. psting C. pst D. t psting

L)特殊疑问词(hw, what, which, why, where, when) 加上动词不定式做宾语。
e.g.：I dn’t knw what t d next 我不知道接下来做什么！
Please shw us hw t d that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
There are s many kinds f tape-recrders n sale that I can't make up my mind which t buy.
有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
考查"连接代(副)词+动词不定式"结构的用法
1. There's n difference between the tw wrds. I really dn't knw________.
A. what t chse B. which t chse C. t chse which D. t chse what
2. The students f Class One will spend their winter hliday in Shenzhen, but the students f Class Tw haven't decided________.
A. what t buy B. hw t g C. where t g D. which t chse
3.________the cmputer is a prblem.
A. Hw t use B. What t use C. Which t use D. Where t use
[考点分析]在英语中有些动词,如ask, decide, tell, knw等后可接"疑问代(副)词+动词不定式"作宾语,以此对宾语从句进行简化。
注意:进行简化的条件是主句中的主语和从句的主语必须是同一人称。此外,动词不定式还可以和what, where, hw, when, which等连接代词(副词)连用,在句中做主语。
考查固定句式中动词不定式的用法
1. -Yu lk rather tired.________ stp t take a rest?
-All right. But I'll have t wrk fr a few mre minutes.
A. Why nt B. D yu C. What abut D. Hw abut
2. The TV set is t lud. Will yu please________?
A. turn dwn it B. turn it dwn C. t turn it dwn D. t turn dwn it
[考点分析]各地中考试题在固定句式中对动词不定式的考查常见的有:
①had better (nt) d sth.意为"最好(不)做某事"。
②Why nt d sth.?意为"为什么不做……。"
③Will/Wuld yu please (nt) d sth.。意为"请你(不要)……好吗。
课堂练习
单项填空：从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案填写在题前的括号内。 （满分20分）
( ) 6. It is________ great fun t g swimming in ______river in summer.
A. a; aB.不填；aC. a; 不填D. 不填; 不填
( ) 7. ----Yu are nt ging ut tday, are yu?
----______. I need t g shpping.
A. N, I amB. Yes, I am ntC. N, I am ntD. Yes, I am
( ) 8. “Is______ yu want t say?” the teacher asked.
A. this B. that C. all that D. that all
( ) 9. Our plane ______frm Lndn at 8:30 yesterday mrning.
A. tk ffB. put nC. pulled utD. rushed ut
( ) 10. ----________________?
----He’s a kind-hearted man.
A. Hw is he B. What is he like C. What is he D. What des he like
( ) 11. ----Lk, it ______be Li Ming.
----N, it _____be him. He has gne abrad.
A. may; mustn’t B. must; may nt C. must ; can’t D. can; may nt
( ) 12. ----May I help yu with sme glves?
----Yes, I’d like t try n thse blue _______.
A. neB. nesC. pairD. tw
( ) 13. ----Yu dn’t lk well . What’s wrng?
----_______.
A. I’m nice B. Fine, thank yu
C. I’m nt quite myself D. It’s nne f yur business
( ) 14. Wh did the teacher_______ a picture fr the wall newspaper?
A. has drawB. has drawn C. have drawn D. have draw
( ) 15. Melissa was very amazed that her husband went t the party __________her, and that was quite unusual.
A. except B. against C. withut D. by
( ) 16. I had n idea which was better, s I tk ______ f them.
A. anyB. every C. bthD. nne
( ) 17. He ________this bike fr 500 yuan. Thugh it was a bit expensive, I think it was reasnable.
A. paid B. spent C. ffered D. cst
( ) 18. ----I ’d like t buy a gd camera.
----Well, we have several mdels ______.
A. t chseB. t chse frm C. t pick D. t pick up
( ) 19. Nt nly my father but als my mther and I ________ ging t visit the new campus (校区) f Fuzhu N.1 Middle Schl.
A. is B. are C. am D. was
( ) 20. Huses in the cuntry are _____ than thse in the city.
A. less cheaperB. as expensive
C. mre cheaperD. much less expensive
( ) 21. The clrs f that cat and hat dn’t _______.
A. matchB. fitC. meetD. catch
( ) 22. ----Can yu tell me hw t learn English well?
----D mre reading, _______yu’ll be gd at spken English.
A. thenB. r C. andD. until
( ) 23. ----I dn’t like cffee _______ tea.
----I dn’t like cffee, _______ I like tea very much.
A. and; andB. r; andC. r; but D. and; but
( ) 24. ----When yu get t New Yrk, be sure t write us, _______ ?
----OK!
A. will yuB. aren’t yuC. dn’t yuD. shall we
( ) 25. ---D yu knw _______ Mr Green’s address is?
---He may live at N.19 r N.20 f Bridge Street, but I’m nt sure f ______.
A. what; which B. where; which C. where; what D. what; where
6. B 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12.B 13. C 14. D 15. C
16. C 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. A
功能
例句
说明
主语
T speak English is nt easy fr us.
= It is nt easy fr us t speak English.
做主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。
表语
My wrk is t clean the rm every day.
= T clean the rm every day is my wrk.
多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换为做主语。
宾语
----What sprts des he like t play?
----He likes t play basketball.
只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
宾补
She asked me nt t speak Chinese in an English class.
在make, let, see, hear, watch等使役、感官动词后，不定式可省略。
定语
Have yu gt anything t say?
不定式作定语，
要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语
I’m srry t truble yu.
不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语要一致。