（新课标）unit1 The changing world 单元检测

Unit 1 The Changing World 单元测试题（含解析）

本试题卷共7页，全卷满分80分，考试用时80分钟。

注意事项：

1. 考生答题全部在答题卷上, 答在试题卷上无效。

2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卷上所粘贴条形码的姓名、准考证号码是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号码用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卷及试题卷上。

3. 选择题作答必须用2B铅笔将答题卷上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。非选择题作答必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卷上指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。

4. 考生不得折叠答题卷，保持答题卷的整洁。考试结束后，请将试题卷和答题卷一并上交

一、完形填空（每小题1分，共计10分）

What is the population of China? There are more than a billion and three hundred million people in China. It is almost one fifth of the world's population. How to control the population growth is a big problem. Some people think    （1）    control the population growth. But I don't agree    （2）    them, because where there's a will, there is a way.

The question is that we should make it    （3）    how serious the population problem is. Our farmland is becoming less and less to everyone. We have already got too many mouths to feed.    （4）    we control the population growth, many people will die    （5）    hunger. Too fast population growth has been and will be bad for our nation. Though laws(法律) have been    （6）    to control the population growth, in some places    （7）    is done to carry out the law. We should make people    （8）    that it is foolish to bring too many children into the world. They should   （9）   do what they have been doing for many years.

   We are fighting against the rapid population growth. Yes, the fighting won't end   （10）   everyone knows its importance and does something for it. Let's go on working hard on it together.

（1）A．that is impossible for B．impossible of

C．that is impossible of D．it impossible to

（2）A．to B．for C．with D．on

（3）A．known to everybody B．known by everybody

C．know to everybody D．know by everybody

（4）A．If not B．Unless C．Until D．If

（5）A．of B．about C．with D．out of

（6）A．pass B．passed C．broken D．past

（7）A．many B．little C．a lot D．much

（8）A．to know B．to learn C．know D．learning

（9）A．not longer B．not more C．no longer D．no more

（10）A．until B．after C．when D．as

二、阅读理解（11-25小题每小题2分，26-30每小题1分，共计35分）

A

（11）Paul used to be a volunteer as a ________ for three months.       

A．nurse  B．French teacher C．doctor D．P.E teacher

（12）The group called ROS provides _________ for children and older people.       

A．information B．rooms  C．food  D．clothes                 

（13）Mike was a volunteer at a hospital for _________.       

A．three months B．a school year C．over 2 years D．three years

（14）One requirement for Marian to graduate from high school was to _________.        

A．take part in some matches B．get along well with classmates

C．pass a French exam D．do volunteer work

（15）What can we learn from the material?       

A．Marian is busy now.                 

B．Mike loves dogs very much.

C．Paul isn't very good at French.      

D．Helen often helps homeless animals now.

B

    Great changes have taken place in our lives in the last century. Here are some examples:

    Firstly, people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past. Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. Nowadays, we have fast and comfortable cars, and more and more people can travel by plane.

    Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools that we have today. Today, machines do most of the difficult and dangerous work.

    Thirdly, the living conditions in the past were not as good as they are now. There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses, and many people couldn't buy the things like refrigerators, TV sets or washing machines. Now, most families have several of these things. And many families have computers, cars and so on.

    Finally, nowadays, more and more people have the chance to get a good education. In the past, there were fewer schools and quality of education was much poorer. Now people can also study on the Internet at home.

    The development of science and technology in the world is amazing(令人惊异的). Life now is much faster and busier than it used to be. And we are still creating(创造) new things to make our lives better and easier.

（16）The underlined word “they” refers to _______.       

A．planes B．cars C．people D．children

（17）What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?       

A．The people in the past were hard-working.

B．Machines can help us do dangerous and difficult work now.

C．The people now are too lazy to do difficult work.

D．Machines were too expensive in the past.

（18）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?       

A．All the people couldn't use running water in the past.

B．People sometimes went to the movies in the past.

C．People didn't watch TV at all in the past.

D．Some people used washing machines to wash their clothes in the past.

（19）What does the underlined word “quality” mean in Chinese?       

A．方法 B．资料 C．质量 D．改革

（20）Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?       

A．Living conditions. B．Ways to travel.

C．Education.        D．Sports.

C

As the world’s urban population gets bigger, cities are struggling to provide the basic services that their residents need. One of the most pressing problems is public transport. Take a look at the crisis facing the city of London. At no time in history has there been such a mass migration of people from countryside to city as is happening now. By the year 2030, it’s estimated that more than two thirds of the world’s population will be living in cities—twice as many as today. This means that the problems faced by cities today—overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, poverty, and lack of food and water—will be twice as bad in the next century, unless we find solutions soon.

London is a good example of the problems facing many major urban centers. It was the world’s first megacity—the first with a population of a million people. Its expansion was made possible by the invention of the steam engine, which , among other things, powered the world’s first underground railway.

Today, London has one of the world’s most extensive transport systems. But, because it was the first city to build a railway network, much of the infrastructure—the trains and buses, the tracks and tunnels—is now hopelessly out-of-date.

London’s future success depends very much on transport. The city lies at the heart of Britain’s road and rail networks and problems in London can rapidly affect other areas of the country. On an average morning, overground trains bring passengers to stations on the outskirts of the city, and they then continue their journeys by underground, bus or taxi.

(21）. More than two thirds of the world’s population will be living in cities in             years.

  A. 30        B. 23          C. 17            D. 2007

(22). With the development of society         is becoming one of the most serious problems of cities.

  A. poor housing    B. poverty    C. unemployment    D. public transport

(23). The underlined word “megacity” in paragraph two means       .

   A. a city with a population of a million people.

   B. a city with the problem of public transport.

   C. a city with a lot of car factories.

   D. a city with much pollution.

(24). The railway network of London is           .

  A. very helpful       B. in good use    C. behind the times    D. first-class

(25). If London wants to develop fast, it should solve the problem of        first.

  A. transport               B. housing    

C. water and electricity      D. the working conditions of workers

D

   You are visiting the Eiffel Tower in France, but the next second you are in Thailand. Then, suddenly you may have dinner with Barack Obama in America. But you are not dreaming.(26)             With the help of virtual reality(Vr,虚拟现实) technology, lots of changes are taking place in our life.

    (27)        Just wear a pair of VR glasses joined to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of your room. "The most interesting part of virtual reality is that it offers an immersive(身临其境的)experience," said Wang Bing, leader ,leader of the Chinese entertainment company Funshow. (28)           You become a part of the story. "According to the Report on Chinese VR Users' Behaviour last month, over 960, 000 people in China have bought VR products and 83. 2 percent of them have watched VR movies.

    VR can also be used in some other ways. It can help to train workers before they have to work in highly dangerous environments.(29)                                           

    However, VR technology still has a long way to go. (30)            Maybe it could take a period of time for VR to be widely used around the world.

三、完成句子。（10分）根据所给中文完成句子，每空一词。每空1分。

（31）自从上次我们相聚以来，就一直没有联系。

We haven't kept in touch with each other since we                     last time.

(32)中国发生了巨大的变化。

Great changes have                   in China.

(33)由于我老师的帮助，我取得了很大进步。

my teacher's help, I have made rapid progress.

（34）迄今为止，没有人破他的记录。

　     　         ，no one has broken his record.

（35）不到一年，食品的价格增加了10%。

Food prices 　          　　      10% in less than a year.

四、综合填空。（每空1分，共计10分。）

One morning Wang Fang found that her classroom had changed. The 14-year-old saw that the desks were no longer (36)　     　 rows, but pushed together to(37) 　     　（make） six bigger desks.

    The new arrangement（排列）was part of a reform at Wang's school, Changsha Daotian Middle School in Hunan. About five weeks ago, more than 2000 junior students at the school began (38)　         　（study） in this way, with six to eight students sitting in groups.

    “This reform is to provide students (39)　     　 easier ways to study and more  　 (40)        for discussion,” said LiuXu, a school head teacher.“Our school hopes it can improve students’ abilities（能力）for self-study as well (41)       teamwork.”

    The new arrangement (42)　     　 （take）some time for students to get used to. “I was too curious（好奇）about it for the first two days,”said Fan. But soon she and her classmates(43)         used to it.“Now our class is quieter because we can stop loud students with some simple gestures（手势）,”said Fan.“What's (44) 　     　（much） , we can express our own ideas and learn others' through discussion. It's a (45)          way to study!”

五、书面表达（15分）

46.随着“双减”政策（the policy of “double-lightening the burden”）的落地，同学们的生活也在发生很大的变化。请以“Changes in My Life”为题，根据以下要点和要求，用英语写一篇短文。

1.要点：

1)你的变化是什么；

2)你是怎样看待这些变化的；

3)你对“双减”政策的看法是什么。

2.要求：

1)文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名；

2)词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）

Changes in My Life

My life has changed a lot since the policy of “double-lightening the burden”... ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案：

【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）C；（9）C；（10）A

【知识点】其他题材；说明文

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了中国人口和控制人口的问题。

（1）句意：有些人认为控制人口增长是不可能的。根据句意和固定形式think it+形容词+to do sth，认为……怎样样，it为形式宾语，故答案为D。

（2）句意：但我不同意他们，因为有志者事竟成。根据句意可知是不同意他们的观点，agree with sb同意某人的看法，观点等，故答案为C。

（3）句意：问题是我们应该让每个人都知道人口问题是多么严重。根据句意和短语(be)known to  sb为…所知；为某人所熟知，可知用known to，故答案为A。

（4）句意：除非我们控制人口增长，否则许多人将死于饥饿。If not如果不；Unless除非；Until直到；If如果；根据句意可知是表示让步，除非，故答案为B。

（5）句意：除非我们控制人口增长，否则许多人将死于饥饿。根据句意和固定搭配die of/from死于，可知of符合题意，故答案为A。

（6）句意：虽然已经通过了法律来控制人口增长，但在一些地方几乎没有实施法律。根据have been可知这里是现在完成时的被动语态，后面有个是过去分词，排除AD选项，passed 通过，broken 破坏，根据句意可知是通过，故答案为B。

（7）句意：虽然已经通过了法律来控制人口增长，但在一些地方几乎没有实施法律。many，许多；little几乎没有；a lot许多；much许多；根据句意可知是几乎没有，故答案为B。

（8）句意：我们应该让人们知道把太多的孩子带到这个世界上是愚蠢的。to know动词不定式，知道；to learn学习，了解，动词不定式；know知道，动词原形；learning学习，动名词。根据make sb do sth，让某人做某事，可知这里用动词原形，故答案为C。

（9）句意：他们不应该再做他们已经做了很多年的事情。not longer和not more是错误结构，排除。no longer，不再，延续性动词与或表示状态的词连用，表示时间上的“不再”持续，no more不再，与瞬时动词连用，表程度不再增加，次数不再重复；根据句意可知是状态不再延续，故答案为C。

（10）句意：是的，战斗不会结束，直到每个人都知道它的重要性并为此做些什么。根据句意和固定搭配not…until直到……才，可知用until，故答案为A。

【点评】考查说明文阅读。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

【答案】（11）B

（12）C

（13）C

（14）D

（15）A

【知识点】广告布告类；说明文

【解析】【分析】本文介绍四个从事志愿者工作的人和他们所从事的具体志愿者工作内容。

(110细节理解。根据I have ever been a volunteer as a French teacher for three months可知Paul当过三个月的自愿者法语老师，故答案为B。

（12）细节理解。根据We provided children and older people with food可知为儿童和老人提供食物，故答案为C。

（13）细节理解。根据 I was also a volunteer at a hospital for more than 2 years可知迈克在医院当了两年多的自愿者，故答案为C。

（14）细节理解。根据 I did volunteer work to graduate(毕业) from high school. It was a requirement(必要条件)可知高中毕业做志愿者工作是毕业的必要条件，故答案为D。

（15）细节理解。根据 If I weren't so busy now, I'd do it again可知这是一个虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设，Marian希望自己没那么忙，实际上她现在很忙，故答案为A。

【点评】本文属于应用文阅读，此类文章重在考查对细节信息的查找和分析，答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息，与选项进行比对，答案就显而易见了。

【答案】（16）A

（17）B

（18）D

（19）C

（20）D

【知识点】社会历史类；说明文

【解析】【分析】本文介绍在上个世纪生活中所发生的巨大变化。

16.词义猜测。根据第2段Planes were not very popular at that time可知they指planes，飞机，故答案为A。

17.细节理解。根据第3段可知过去人们不得不更努力工作是因为当时没有现在所使用的机器，现在，机器做了大部分困难危险的工作，故答案为B。

18.细节理解。根据第4段There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses可知过去在很多家里没有自来水，而不是所有人不能用自来水，故A错误；B项在文章未提及；根据many people couldn't buy the things like refrigerators, TV sets or washing machines可知很多人买不起冰箱、电视、洗衣机等，而不是人们根本不看，所以C项错误，故答案为D。

19.词义猜测。根据句意：在过去，学校很少，教育的质量要差的多。所以quality的意思是“质量”，故答案为C。

20.细节理解。通读全文可知文中提到了生活条件、旅行方式、工作条件和教育机会，没有提到体育运动，故答案为D。

【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。

 21.C  数字计算题。从第一段第五句中的2030可以推断出。

22.  D  细节理解题。从第一段第二句中可以看出。

23.    A  词义猜测题。从该词后的补充解释中可以看出。

24.    C  细节理解题。从第三段最后一句中可以看出。

25.    A  细节理解题。从第四段第一句中可以看出。

26-30 CAEBD

31.got together

32.taken place

33.Thanks to

34.So far

35.increased by

36.in  37.make  38.to study  39.with  40.chances  41.as 42. took 43.got 44.more 45.better

46.                          Changes in My Life

My life has changed a lot since the policy of “double-lightening the burden” has been carried out. Our school and home life has changed a lot.

   I used to have a lot of homework every day. I used to have endless homework every day. Now the study pressure is reduced and the homework is reduced. We sleep more and exercise more. We have more time to do what we like.

 In this way, we can feel more focused so that we are able to finish our homework more effectively. More importantly, we have more time to stay with our parents and live a happy life. But at the same time we should pay more attention to the new challenge of making the best of their time after school.

【解析】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根据提示要点，以“我生活中的变化”为题写一篇短文，可适当发挥。

2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般过去时和一般现在时。人称采用第一人称。短文应以描述双减政策出现前后学生自己感知到的变化为主，然后根据出现的变化谈谈自己的感受和看法。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。