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2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市咸阳市多校联考高一上学期第二次月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市咸阳市多校联考高一上学期第二次月考英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了本卷主要考查内容等内容，欢迎下载使用。
宝鸡教育联盟高一质量检测卷（二）
英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
4．本卷主要考查内容：至必修第一册Unit 5。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who do you think are the speakers?
A. Teachers. B. Neighbour. C. Couple.
2. What will the weather be like tomorrow?
A. It’s windy. B. It’s stormy. C. It’s cold.
3. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Go to a party. B. Leave a message. C. Write an invitation.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Asking the man to hang a picture.
B. Asking the man to take a picture.
C. Taking a picture for the man.
5. What will the woman visit first?
A. The square. B. The museum. C. The garden.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When does the train leave?
A. At six. B. At seven. C. At eight.
7. Where will the man go?
A. The train station. B. The ticket office. C. The lost and found office.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What’s wrong with the man?
A. He is very thirsty.
B. He is bitten（咬）by something.
C. He feels excited about the things.
9. How do the speakers deal with the things?
A. They use the bug spray（杀虫剂）.
B. They cover themselves with beer.
C. They try hard to drive them away.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the woman have to find a new house?
A. The rent is too high for her.
B. Her old house will be taken back.
C. There is no bathroom in the old house.
11. What is the man’s suggestion?
A. Checking out university website.
B Looking for a new house on the Internet.
C Finding a house close to the subway station.
12. What can we learn about the man?
A. He also needs to find a house.
B. He also rents houses out.
C. He is very warm-hearted.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. In a hotel. C. In the street.
14. Which place will the woman visit?
A. America. B. Germany. C. Sweden.
15. Whom is the woman going with?
A. Her boyfriend. B. Fritz Seiler. C. Her parents.
16. What are the woman doing?
A. Checking in. B. Booking a hotel. C. Buying keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Travellers. B. Patients. C. Traders.
18 What do we know about American doctors?
A. They seldom stay in their offices.
B. They always have much to do.
C. They take better care of foreigners.
19. What should people do when they are seriously hurt and alone?
A. Check with hotel managers.
B. Ask others for help.
C. Call 911.
20. Why are people often sent to the hospital?
A. To pay medical bills.
B. To get medical service.
C. To receive health check.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tiger Conservation Safari: India
December 2022—6 days
Register now at tours @newscientist. com and we will contact you soon with full tour details.
Visit the protected areas of Tadoba in search of the Bengal tiger, putting yourself in forest life.
Day 1: Arrive in Delhi
You will be met on arrival and sent to the 5-star Roseate Hotel. You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’ s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city. Mughal treasures, including the Red Fort and Jama Masjid, are added by more recent additions (添加物) to Delhi’ s traditional buildings, such as the Lotus and Akshardham Temples.
Day 2: Journey to Tadoba
Take the early morning flight to Nagpur. On arrival into Nagpur, you will be met by our local guide, who will take you to Tadoba National Park. Part of the park contains Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (保护区), one of India’s most exciting and best-protected tiger reserves.
For the next 4 nights, you will be staying at Bamboo Forest Safari Lodge. Later this evening there will be a welcome dinner.
Days 3-5 : Safari Drives
The next three clays will follow a similar schedule, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tigers as well as the park’ s many other wildlife species and birdlife.
The day starts early, usually before sunrise, as this is when the wildlife is at its most active. Mornings begin with tea in bed. Breakfast will normally be taken in the park.
Day 6 : Departure
Go to Nagpur airport for your flight back to Delhi and your journey home. We can make extra days sightseeing with a private guide covering the Golden Triangle of Delhi, Jaipur and Agra, including the Amber Fort and The Taj Mahal. Please ask for more details.
1. What does the author say about Delhi?
A. It is the largest city in the world.
B. It has both ancient and modern buildings.
C. It is a place with many 5-star hotels.
D. It has the best-protected tiger reserve in India.
2. What will you do first on the second day?
A. Take a plane. B. Meet your guide.
C. Go to the park. D. Drink tea in the hotel.
3. When will you go to search for birds?
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Days 3-5. D. Day 6.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是印度老虎保护旅行的行程安排。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 1: Arrive in Delhi中的“You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’ s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city.(你可以在它的屋顶泳池里度过一天，俯瞰德里，也可以探索这座城市。这座城市可能是世界上最大的城市之一，但新老建筑的奇迹充满了这座城市)”可知，Delhi既有古代建筑也有现代建筑。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 2: Journey to Tadoba中的“Take the early morning flight to Nagpur.(坐早班飞机去那格浦尔)”可知，第二天你首先要坐飞机。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Days 3-5 : Safari Drives中的“The next three clays will follow a similar schedule, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tigers as well as the park’ s many other wildlife species and birdlife.(接下来的三次旅行将遵循类似的日程安排，你将前往塔多巴国家公园，寻找印度的老虎以及公园里的许多其他野生动物和鸟类)”可知，你可以在第3-5天路程中去找鸟。故选C。
B
My teacher said to a student: “Give me your phone.”
We all looked in surprise. Kyle, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone.
When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting about how they sent text messages and never got caught. “Kyle, you don’t text in class that way!” one of them said. “I put my phone under my desk so it looks like I’m looking at my textbooks.”
“Isn’t it funny that we always text and never get caught, but the first time Kyle does it, he gets caught?” the other one laughed.
They must have thought they were smart, because they never got caught and Kyle did. But which situation is worse: getting caught, or getting away with it? Rules are there for a reason. These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades. They keep texting in class, not paying any attention. I think they will keep breaking the rules in the future.
People don’t just break the law and get thrown into jail right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It’s smarter not to break the rules.
4. The teacher asked Kyle to give his phone because _________.
A. the teacher wanted to teach him how to text B. the students wanted to see Kyle’s new phone
C. he was playing with his phone in class D. the teacher wanted to speak to Kyle’s parents
5. How did the two students feel about not being caught texting in class?
A. Upset. B. Proud. C. Disappointed. D. Calm.
6. Which is true according to the story?
A. Kyle often texts in class. B. Kyle is not smart enough.
C. Rules are there for no reason. D. The two students who often text in class had bad grades.
7. What would the writer agree?
A. What the two students said and did were wrong. B. Texting in class without being caught was easy.
C. Texting in class is not a big deal. D. Kyle was a bad student.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了凯尔因为在课堂上玩手机被老师没收了手机，班上的两个学生则开始吹嘘他们是如何发短信而从未被发现的。两人的成绩都不好，但作者认为这两人的做法和想法都是错的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kyle, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone.(凯尔，一个我从未见过在课堂上发短信的学生，把他的手机给了老师)”可知，老师要求凯尔交出他的电话，因为他在课堂上玩他的手机。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting about how they sent text messages and never got caught.(老师离开后，我经常在课堂上看到两个发短信的学生开始吹嘘他们是如何发短信而从未被发现的)”可推知，这两个学生对没有被发现在课堂上发短信感到骄傲。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades.(这两个学生可能不会被抓，但他们的成绩都不好)”可知，D选项“两个经常在课堂上发短信的学生成绩不好”正确。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People don’t just break the law and get thrown into jail right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It’s smarter not to break the rules.(人们不会犯了法就马上被关进监狱。他们一步一步来，从更小的规则开始。凯尔可能被抓了，但至少他得到了很好的教训。他以后不会再违规了，所以他会在课堂上多学习，远离麻烦。不违反规则是比较明智的做法)”可推知，作者认为这两个学生说的和做的都是错的。故选A。
C
If you thought running was just great for the body, then think again. Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power (脑力).
The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking. They also found that unfit people tended to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills. The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing (老化) and also helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59 — 69 on a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains. Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains. Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60 — 77. As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.
Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results. Mice, examined at the National Institute on Ageing, in Baltimore, found that cells in the hippocampus (海马体), an area of the brain used for memory, were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare, professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times: “Moderate intensity aerobic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”
8. Who tend to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking?
A. People who are healthy. B. People who are thin.
C. People who are unhealthy. D. People who are fat.
9. What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3?
A. Those who were less fit had larger brains.
B. Those who were fitter had smaller brains.
C. Exercise helps people improve their memory.
D. Old people doing exercise improve memory better than young people.
10. Accord to Linda Clare, what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function?
A. Walking. B. Singing.
C. Cycling. D. Running.
11. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To tell you sport improves your brain power.
B. To introduce some good ways to keep healthy.
C. To teach you how to best spend time in doing sports.
D. To introduce several ways to improve your memory.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)”可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)”可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moderate intensity aerobic activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.(中等强度的有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)”可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的是告诉你，运动可以提高你的脑力。故选A项。
D
Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in India in 2012 killed many one－horned rhinos. Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine life. In addition, flood waters can carry disease, including hepatitis A and cholera.
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
12. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2?
A. become B. pollute C. block D. develop
13. How do floods help ecosystems?
A. Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer.
B. Floods make all the animals migrate more easily.
C. Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals.
D. Floods can improve the dirt and help plants grow.
14. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. The way in which floods feed animals. B. The benefits of floods to ecosystems.
C. An effective means of improving soil. D. The reason for people’s appreciating floods.
15. What’s the best title of this article?
A. The Many Effects of Flooding. B. The Secret of Flooding.
C. Floods－Not Everything Is So Bad. D. Floods－a Part of Nature.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为大自然的一部分，洪水对于生态系统既有好处也有坏处。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty.(洪水会从河岸上吸收泥土，从而使水变脏。)”以及“Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing.(太多的泥土会clog河流和溪流，阻止河水流淌。)”可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，以至于河水流淌出现困难。由此可推测此处的clog的意思应该是“堵塞”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow.(然而，洪水并非一无是处。有时它们会给生态系统带来新的生命。洪水把营养物质带到附近的土地上。随着时间的推移，水会干涸，留下灰尘和泥土的颗粒。这些颗粒被称为沉积物，它可以很好地改善土壤，帮助植物生长。)”可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更丰富，从而更好地帮助生态系统。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems.(然而，洪水并非一无是处。有时它们会给生态系统带来新的生命。)”以及“Floods are important to some animals as well.(洪水对一些动物也很重要。)”以及“Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.(此外，在旱季，水可能会干涸，但洪水有助于为湿地补充水分，保持生态系统继续运转。)”可知文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对于生态系统的好处。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可以看到文章前两段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的益处，文章最后一段“Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.(洪水是自然的一部分。它们可以破坏生物和环境。但一些生态系统需要洪水才能生存下来。)”总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水是大自然的一部分”作为标题最合适。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There’s a question about maths you can hear in high schools all around the world, “Why on earth are we learning something that we’ll never use in real life?” ___16___ Computers can help us do the maths, and the rest of the topics will only be useful for the expert-to-be. So why do we study maths at all?
The teacher might answer, “Classes aren’t supposed to teach you formulas. ___17___” It is an answer I can totally agree with, but how does maths “teach you to think”?
___18___ In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more important than the result itself. Using mathematical logic to solve problems provides just the right tools.
Make sure you understand the problem before trying to solve it. ___19___ Or, you can work backwards. When the job is to prove a given supposition, examining the result might help in finding the evidence.
In real life, setting goals can be a powerful tool for finding a way to reach them. Write the question down, and keep making it simple until it becomes clear. ___20___
A. Maths is supposed to teach you to think.
B. If you can’t solve the problem, solve a simpler one.
C. A great deal of high school maths has little practical use.
D. Solution lies in using mathematical tools for real-life problems.
E. Maths helps broaden students’ view instead of sharpening mind.
F. Solving difficult problems is the way we’ll make use of maths in real life.
G. The next time you see a difficult real-life problem, use the tips above.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了一个常见的问题：学习数学的意义，并对在生活中利用数学思维解决问题提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Why on earth are we learning something that we’ll never use in real life?(我们为什么要学习那些现实生活中不会用到的知识呢？)”可知，上文提到了为什么学习不切实际知识的问题，而下文提到电脑可以帮助人做数学运算。C项“高中数学中的大多数(知识)几乎没有实用性”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文中“Classes aren’t supposed to teach you formulas.(课堂不是用来教你公式的)”可知，上文提到课堂不是拿来教你公式的，根据下文中的“It is an answer”可知，这是一个答案。故A项“数学是用来教你思考的”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more important than the result itself. Using mathematical logic to solve problems provides just the right tools.(在很多方面，解释你是如何得到结果的比结果本身更重要。使用数学逻辑解决问题提供了正确的工具)”可知，后文主要介绍了我们在现实生活中运用数学的方式。故F项“解决难题是我们在现实生活中利用数学的方式”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Make sure you understand the problem before trying to solve it.(在试图解决问题之前要确保自己理解问题)”可知，根据下文“Or, you can work backwards.(或者你可以反向推导)”可知，后文提到了反向推导，即本句是在设定无法直接解决问题的情况下。B项“如果你不能解决这个问题，那你就去解决简单的那一个(问题)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In real life, setting goals can be a powerful tool for finding a way to reach them. Write the question down, and keep making it simple until it becomes clear.(在现实生活中，设定目标对于找到一条道路去实现它们来说可以是一个有力的工具。把问题写下来，并且去简化它，直到它变得清晰)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，指出这些建议的作用。故G项“下次你遇到一个现实生活中的难题，(可以)使用上述的建议”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. Zhao Yuanren, a Chinese American ____21____, could speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects. England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian named Guiseppe Mezzofanti was reported to have been able to ____22____ in 30 to 40 languages. Polyglots are indeed ____23____, but American teenager Tim Doner is living proof that anyone can try to be one.
As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found it difficult to be interested in just words and grammar rules. When he was 13, Tim ____24____ listening to Hebrew rap music. One day, he ____25____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____26____! He started looking for people who spoke Hebrew so he could ____27____, and then, he decided to sign up for a summer Arabic class. One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. Hebrew and Arabic speakers wrote nice ____28____ on his videos and gave him advice. Tim loved it. He could ____29____ communicate with people! After that, Tim started looking for new languages to learn, and posting more videos of himself speaking new languages, including Chinese. Tim also began to use many other methods to make learning _____30_____.
Tim wishes everyone would learn more than one language and not just as a school subject. “Knowing a language is a lot more than knowing a couple of words out of a _____31_____,” Tim says. Languages are for communicating with people, learning about their _____32_____, and understanding how different people think. “Open up your mind to the fact that language _____33_____ a cultural world view,” says Tim. “You can translate words easily, _____34_____ you can’t quite translate meaning. ” Or, as Nelson Mandela said, “If you talk to a man in a language he _____35_____, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.”
21. A. learner B. native C. linguist D. master
22. A. hear B. sing C. communicate D. appreciate
23. A. amazing B. satisfying C. equal D. specific
24. A. enjoyed B. started C. stopped D. finished
25. A. referred to B. looked up C. looked for D. made up
26. A. songs B. texts C. expressions D. sentences
27. A. exchange B. register C. practise D. design
28. A. words B. phrases C. demands D. comments
29. A. actually B. naturally C. eventually D. finally
30. A. easy B. difficult C. boring D. fun
31. A. dictionary B. message C. language D. card
32. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. culture D. spirit
33 A. finds B. represents C. translates D. presents
34. A. but B. and C. so D. therefore
35. A. regards B. understands C. describes D. likes
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了13岁的美国少年蒂姆·多纳的多种语言的学习历程和心得体会。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：美籍华裔、通晓数国语言的赵元任会说7种语言和30多种方言。A. learner学习者；B. native母语；C. linguist语言学家、通晓数国语言的人；D. master大师。根据上文“Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. (一些会说多种语言的多语人士可能看起来特别有天赋。)”中的polyglot，意为“通晓并使用多种语言的人”，可知，赵元任是其中一例，linguist符合语意。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能够用30到40种语言进行交流。A. hear听；B. sing唱歌；C. communicate交流；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文“Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. (一些会说多种语言的多语人士可能看起来特别有天赋。)”可知，Guiseppe Mezzofanti也是一个会用很多种语言进行交流（communicate）的人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：精通多种语言的确很了不起，但美国少年蒂姆·多纳就是一个活生生的例子，证明任何人都可以尝试成为一名精通多种语言的人。A. amazing惊人的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. equal相等的；D. specific具体的。根据上文“Zhao Yuanren, a Chinese American ____1____, could speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects. England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian named Guiseppe Mezzofanti was reported to have been able to ____2____ in 30 to 40 languages. (美籍华裔、通晓数国语言的赵元任会说7种语言和30多种方言。英国女王伊丽莎白一世会说大约10种语言。据报道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能够用30到40种语言进行交流。)”可知，这些人精通如此多种语言，非常令人惊讶（amazing）。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆13岁的时候，开始听希伯来说唱音乐。A. enjoyed享受；B. started开始；C. stopped停止；D. finished完成。根据上文“As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found it difficult to be interested in just words and grammar rules. (蒂姆小时候在学校学习法语和拉丁语，但他发现仅仅对单词和语法规则感兴趣是很困难的。)”可知，蒂姆小时候学的是法语和拉丁语，而希伯来语没有提及，下文“One day, he ____5____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____6____! (有一天，他在字典里……这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成……！)”可知，蒂姆要通过字典学习单词，故13岁时开始（started）接触希伯来语，符合语境。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！A. referred to参考；B. looked up查找；C. looked for查找；D. made up弥补。此处考查固定动词短语look up the words in a dictionary，意“在字典里查一下这些单词”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！A. songs歌曲；B. texts文本；C. expressions表达；D. sentences句子。此处表示可以把单词组合在一起，编成句子（sentences），符合语境。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始寻找会说希伯来语的人，这样他就可以练习了，然后，他决定报名参加一个暑期阿拉伯语班。A. exchange交换；B. register注册；C. practise实践、练习；D. design设计。本句中，蒂姆寻找说希伯来语的人，并报了一个班，目的是与他们用希伯来语交流，练（practise）希伯来语。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人给他的视频写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。A. words词语；B. phrases短语；C. demands要求；D. comments评论。根据上文“One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. (一天晚上，为了好玩，他发布了一段自己说阿拉伯语和另一段说希伯来语的视频。)”和下文“Tim loved it. (蒂姆很喜欢)”可知，他的视频得到了说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人的点评（comments），给了他好的评论。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真的可以与人交流！A. actually事实上；B. naturally自然地；C. eventually最终；D. finally最后。根据上文“One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. Hebrew and Arabic speakers wrote nice ____8____ on his videos and gave him advice. (一天晚上，只是为了好玩，他发布了一段自己说阿拉伯语的视频，另一个说希伯来语的视频。说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人给他的视频写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。)”可知，蒂姆的希伯来语说得不错，受到了说这个语言的人的好评，说明他学的希伯来语的程度，实际上（actually）已经到了可以和说希伯来语的人进行交流了的程度了。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆也开始使用许多其他方法使学习变得有趣。A. easy容易的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. fun有趣的。根据上文“Tim loved it. He could ____9____ communicate with people! After that, Tim started looking for new languages to learn, and posting more videos of himself speaking new languages, including Chinese. (蒂姆很喜欢！他真的可以与人交流！从那以后，蒂姆开始寻找新的语言来学习，并发布了更多自己说新语言的视频，包括中文。)”可知，在蒂姆看来，学习多种语言是件有趣的（fun）事情，他乐此不疲。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 懂一门语言比从字典里认识几个单词要重要得多。A. dictionary字典；B. message消息；C. language语言；D. card卡片。根据上文“One day, he ____5____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____6____! (有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！)”可知，当初蒂姆为了记单词也翻过字典（dictionary），还发现单词可以组合为句子。dictionary为复现词，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言是用来与人交流的，学习他们的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。A. vocabulary词汇；B. grammar语法；C. culture文化；D. spirit精神。根据下文“Open up your mind to the fact that language ____13____ a cultural world view(打开你的思维，语言……一种文化世界观)”可知，学一门语言，不仅仅是记单词，cultural为复现词，语言与文化有关。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：打开你的思维，语言代表着一种文化世界观。A. finds发现；B. represents代表；C. translates翻译；D. presents呈现。根据上文“Languages are for communicating with people, learning about their ____12____, and understanding how different people think. (语言是用来与人交流的，学习他们的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。)”可知，一种语言就是一种文化，代表着说这种语言的人的文化。represents符合语境。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：你可以很容易地翻译单词，但你不能完全翻译意义。A. but但；B. and和；C. so所以；D. therefore因此。根据上文“Open up your mind to the fact that language ____13____ a cultural world view, (打开你的思维，语言代表着一种文化世界观。)”可知，单词容易翻译，但是因为语言与文化有关，真实的内涵不一定能真正体会。前后为转折关系，but符合语境。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你用一个人听得懂的语言和他说话，他就会记在脑子里。A. regards认为；B. understands理解；C. describes描述；D. likes喜欢。根据下文“If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. (如果你用他的语言和他说话，你的话会进入他的内心。)”可知，你能用对方的母语跟他交流，那么你们可以深度交流，交流的内容能走心，如果你用的语言只是对方听得懂（understands）的语言，不是对方的母语，那么两人的交流的深度就不如跟对方的母语交流那么深。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is ____36____ (wide) known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in ____37____ (it) history. There are many reasons ____38____ this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, ____39____(write) Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu-animal bones and shells ____40____ which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still ____41____ (see) in today’s hanzi.
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols ____42____ (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many ____43____ (variety) of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of ____44____ Qin Dynasty (221-207BCE).
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began ____45____ (develop) in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
【答案】36. widely
37. its 38. why
39. written
40. on 41. be seen
42. had become
43. varieties
44. the 45. to develop
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的书写系统的发展历史。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而广为人知，尽管其历史经历了许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。修饰谓语动词is known应用副词，作状语，故填widely。
【37题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而广为人知，尽管其历史经历了许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。修饰名词history，应用形容词性物主代词，为前置修饰词。故填its。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：（中国能延续到现在）有很多原因，但其中一个主要因素是中国的文字系统。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为reasons，在定语从句中充当原因状语，应用关系副词why引导定语从句。故填why。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一开始，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词was且句中无连词，应用write的非谓语动词形式作定语，Chinese与write之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词作定语written，意为“书面的”，也是形容词，修饰名词作定语。故填written。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它可以追溯到几千年前龙骨（动物的骨头）和贝壳的使用，古代中国人在它们上面雕刻符号。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为 longgu and shells，在从句中作地点状语，carve sth on sth，意为“把……刻在……上”，介词on可置于关系代词which前。故填on。
【41题详解】
考查语态。句意：一些古代的符号仍然可以在今天的汉字中看到。see与逻辑主语Some of the ancient symbols之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词后应接be done的形式。故填be seen。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：到商代(大约公元前1600—1046年)时为止，这些符号已经成为一种非常完善的书写系统。become是谓语动词，由时间状语By the Shang Dynasty可知，句子描述“过去的过去”存在的状态，谓语动词用过去完成时，故填had become。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：随着时间的推移，该系统发展出不同的形式，因为当时人们被按地域划分，导致了各种各样的方言和文字。many修饰名词复数，故填varieties。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，在秦始皇(公元前221-207年)统治时期，这种情况发生了改变。Qin Dynasty应加定冠词，为专有名词。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个统一的国家，在此中国的文字系统开始朝着一个方向发展。此处考查begin to do sth，适用于主语是物的情况，故填to develop。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 为了丰富“英语学习周”，学校组织一次面向全体学生的英语征文活动，主题为“Develop Good Habits of English Learning”，请你按照要求写一篇文章参加征文活动。
文章要求：
1、养成好的英语学习习惯的必要性；
2、具体介绍你认为的好的英语学习习惯（至少两项）；
3、养成好的英语学习习惯的决心。
注意：1、词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Develop Good Habits of English Learning
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Develop Good Habits of English Learning
As we know, it is very important to develop good English learning habits. It helps us learn English better with relatively less time. So, what should we do?
First of all, we should read as much as possible, because reading helps to cultivate our sense of language. Secondly, we should take notes carefully in class. In this way, whenever we review our lessons, the notes can give us a lot of help. In addition, keeping a diary in English is also very useful. It helps to improve our writing ability. It’s also very interesting to write down our ideas in English.
In a word, in order to learn English well, we must form good English learning habits.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。要求考生以“Develop Good Habits of English Learning”写一篇文章参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant
培养：cultivate→develop
帮助：help→assistance
有帮助的：useful→helpful
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：In addition, keeping a diary in English is also very useful. It helps to improve our writing ability.
拓展句：In addition, keeping a diary in English is also very useful, which helps to improve our writing ability.
【点睛】[高分句型1]First of all, we should read as much as possible, because reading helps to cultivate our sense of language. （运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2] In this way, whenever we review our lessons, the notes can give us a lot of help. （运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。
Lily loved school. However, there was one class Lily worried about more than any other—art. She didn’t know why she just wasn’t any good at drawing, painting, or cutting.
Ms. Clay, the art teacher, stood at the front of the room. “Class, next Friday our school is going to have an art competition,” she announced. Ms. Clay was a great teacher, and Lily liked her a lot. But this announcement made Lily nervous. “Everyone in the school will create a piece of artwork to show in the library. You can use the different types of artwork we have been studying.” Ms. Clay was quite excited when she spoke while Lily found herself sinking lower in her chair.
Lily had the whole weekend to work on her project, but she could not think of anything to do. On Monday, Lily felt frightened, so after school Lily asked Ms. Clay if she could write an art paper instead of doing an art project.
“I understand this project scared you, Lily,” Ms. Clay said. “Just remember, you can create any kind of art you want.” Ms. Clay smiled at her. “Art is a person’s way of expressing his or her feelings—it isn’t always painting, drawing, or cutting. I know you will think of something very creative, and I can’t wait to see it.”
When Lily arrived home, she took out a piece of paper and a pencil. She remembered Ms. Clay’s words. “Art is a person’s way of expressing his or her feelings.” Lily wrote the word “terrified” on her paper. She crumpled (揉皱) the paper and threw it to the side of her desk.
Then Lily stared at the crumpled ball. Suddenly an idea struck her.
Paragraph 1：
Why not create something out of crumpled paper?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
On Friday, Lily carefully carried her project into the library.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Why not create something out of crumpled paper? The crumpled paper reminded her of a snowball. Lily didn’t have to draw or paint or even cut. Lily made many paper balls, glued them all together, and placed them on a big piece of hard paper to form a snowman. The snowman wore a hat made of black paper and a scarf made of red paper. Her finished project was really wonderful.
On Friday, Lily carefully carried her project into the library. She noticed the smile and the nods from teachers and other students as she put her work on a table. Ms. Clay walked over to Lily. “You have created a creative piece of artwork. I am so proud of you!” Ms. Clay said. Lily was proud of herself too. Her pride grew when Ms. Clay placed a first-place star on her artwork. “Maybe I am a good artist after all,” Lily thought.
【解析】
【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lily喜欢学校。然而，有一门课是Lily最担心的——艺术。她不擅长绘画或者剪纸。美术老师Ms. Clay宣布学校要举行一场艺术比赛，这个声明让Lily很紧张。所以放学后Lily问Clay女士，她是否可以写一篇艺术论文，老师鼓励她按照自己的想法去做，她有了一个主意。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“为什么不用皱巴巴的纸来做东西呢？”可知，第一段可描写Lily这个想法的具体内容。
②由第二段首句内容“星期五，Lily小心翼翼地把她的项目带进了图书馆。”可知，第二段可描写Lily的作品受到了好评。
2.续写线索：想起做雪球——完成项目——老师和同学表扬——感到骄傲
3.词汇激活：
行为类
让某人想起：remind sb. of sth./make sb. think of
完成：finish/complete
注意：notice/spot
情绪类
微笑：smile/beam
以……为骄傲：take pride in/be proud of
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The snowman wore a hat made of black paper and a scarf made of red paper.（made of为过去分词短语作后置定语）
[高分句型2]
She noticed the smile and the nods from teachers and other students as she put her work on a table.（as引导时间状语从句）
听力：1～5CCABB 6～10CCBBB 11～15ACBCA 16~20AABCB
宝鸡教育联盟高一质量检测卷（二）
英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
4．本卷主要考查内容：至必修第一册Unit 5。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who do you think are the speakers?
A. Teachers. B. Neighbour. C. Couple.
2. What will the weather be like tomorrow?
A. It’s windy. B. It’s stormy. C. It’s cold.
3. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Go to a party. B. Leave a message. C. Write an invitation.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Asking the man to hang a picture.
B. Asking the man to take a picture.
C. Taking a picture for the man.
5. What will the woman visit first?
A. The square. B. The museum. C. The garden.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When does the train leave?
A. At six. B. At seven. C. At eight.
7. Where will the man go?
A. The train station. B. The ticket office. C. The lost and found office.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What’s wrong with the man?
A. He is very thirsty.
B. He is bitten（咬）by something.
C. He feels excited about the things.
9. How do the speakers deal with the things?
A. They use the bug spray（杀虫剂）.
B. They cover themselves with beer.
C. They try hard to drive them away.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the woman have to find a new house?
A. The rent is too high for her.
B. Her old house will be taken back.
C. There is no bathroom in the old house.
11. What is the man’s suggestion?
A. Checking out university website.
B Looking for a new house on the Internet.
C Finding a house close to the subway station.
12. What can we learn about the man?
A. He also needs to find a house.
B. He also rents houses out.
C. He is very warm-hearted.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. In a hotel. C. In the street.
14. Which place will the woman visit?
A. America. B. Germany. C. Sweden.
15. Whom is the woman going with?
A. Her boyfriend. B. Fritz Seiler. C. Her parents.
16. What are the woman doing?
A. Checking in. B. Booking a hotel. C. Buying keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Travellers. B. Patients. C. Traders.
18 What do we know about American doctors?
A. They seldom stay in their offices.
B. They always have much to do.
C. They take better care of foreigners.
19. What should people do when they are seriously hurt and alone?
A. Check with hotel managers.
B. Ask others for help.
C. Call 911.
20. Why are people often sent to the hospital?
A. To pay medical bills.
B. To get medical service.
C. To receive health check.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tiger Conservation Safari: India
December 2022—6 days
Register now at tours @newscientist. com and we will contact you soon with full tour details.
Visit the protected areas of Tadoba in search of the Bengal tiger, putting yourself in forest life.
Day 1: Arrive in Delhi
You will be met on arrival and sent to the 5-star Roseate Hotel. You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’ s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city. Mughal treasures, including the Red Fort and Jama Masjid, are added by more recent additions (添加物) to Delhi’ s traditional buildings, such as the Lotus and Akshardham Temples.
Day 2: Journey to Tadoba
Take the early morning flight to Nagpur. On arrival into Nagpur, you will be met by our local guide, who will take you to Tadoba National Park. Part of the park contains Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (保护区), one of India’s most exciting and best-protected tiger reserves.
For the next 4 nights, you will be staying at Bamboo Forest Safari Lodge. Later this evening there will be a welcome dinner.
Days 3-5 : Safari Drives
The next three clays will follow a similar schedule, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tigers as well as the park’ s many other wildlife species and birdlife.
The day starts early, usually before sunrise, as this is when the wildlife is at its most active. Mornings begin with tea in bed. Breakfast will normally be taken in the park.
Day 6 : Departure
Go to Nagpur airport for your flight back to Delhi and your journey home. We can make extra days sightseeing with a private guide covering the Golden Triangle of Delhi, Jaipur and Agra, including the Amber Fort and The Taj Mahal. Please ask for more details.
1. What does the author say about Delhi?
A. It is the largest city in the world.
B. It has both ancient and modern buildings.
C. It is a place with many 5-star hotels.
D. It has the best-protected tiger reserve in India.
2. What will you do first on the second day?
A. Take a plane. B. Meet your guide.
C. Go to the park. D. Drink tea in the hotel.
3. When will you go to search for birds?
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Days 3-5. D. Day 6.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是印度老虎保护旅行的行程安排。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 1: Arrive in Delhi中的“You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’ s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city.(你可以在它的屋顶泳池里度过一天，俯瞰德里，也可以探索这座城市。这座城市可能是世界上最大的城市之一，但新老建筑的奇迹充满了这座城市)”可知，Delhi既有古代建筑也有现代建筑。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 2: Journey to Tadoba中的“Take the early morning flight to Nagpur.(坐早班飞机去那格浦尔)”可知，第二天你首先要坐飞机。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Days 3-5 : Safari Drives中的“The next three clays will follow a similar schedule, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tigers as well as the park’ s many other wildlife species and birdlife.(接下来的三次旅行将遵循类似的日程安排，你将前往塔多巴国家公园，寻找印度的老虎以及公园里的许多其他野生动物和鸟类)”可知，你可以在第3-5天路程中去找鸟。故选C。
B
My teacher said to a student: “Give me your phone.”
We all looked in surprise. Kyle, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone.
When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting about how they sent text messages and never got caught. “Kyle, you don’t text in class that way!” one of them said. “I put my phone under my desk so it looks like I’m looking at my textbooks.”
“Isn’t it funny that we always text and never get caught, but the first time Kyle does it, he gets caught?” the other one laughed.
They must have thought they were smart, because they never got caught and Kyle did. But which situation is worse: getting caught, or getting away with it? Rules are there for a reason. These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades. They keep texting in class, not paying any attention. I think they will keep breaking the rules in the future.
People don’t just break the law and get thrown into jail right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It’s smarter not to break the rules.
4. The teacher asked Kyle to give his phone because _________.
A. the teacher wanted to teach him how to text B. the students wanted to see Kyle’s new phone
C. he was playing with his phone in class D. the teacher wanted to speak to Kyle’s parents
5. How did the two students feel about not being caught texting in class?
A. Upset. B. Proud. C. Disappointed. D. Calm.
6. Which is true according to the story?
A. Kyle often texts in class. B. Kyle is not smart enough.
C. Rules are there for no reason. D. The two students who often text in class had bad grades.
7. What would the writer agree?
A. What the two students said and did were wrong. B. Texting in class without being caught was easy.
C. Texting in class is not a big deal. D. Kyle was a bad student.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了凯尔因为在课堂上玩手机被老师没收了手机，班上的两个学生则开始吹嘘他们是如何发短信而从未被发现的。两人的成绩都不好，但作者认为这两人的做法和想法都是错的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kyle, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone.(凯尔，一个我从未见过在课堂上发短信的学生，把他的手机给了老师)”可知，老师要求凯尔交出他的电话，因为他在课堂上玩他的手机。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting about how they sent text messages and never got caught.(老师离开后，我经常在课堂上看到两个发短信的学生开始吹嘘他们是如何发短信而从未被发现的)”可推知，这两个学生对没有被发现在课堂上发短信感到骄傲。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades.(这两个学生可能不会被抓，但他们的成绩都不好)”可知，D选项“两个经常在课堂上发短信的学生成绩不好”正确。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People don’t just break the law and get thrown into jail right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It’s smarter not to break the rules.(人们不会犯了法就马上被关进监狱。他们一步一步来，从更小的规则开始。凯尔可能被抓了，但至少他得到了很好的教训。他以后不会再违规了，所以他会在课堂上多学习，远离麻烦。不违反规则是比较明智的做法)”可推知，作者认为这两个学生说的和做的都是错的。故选A。
C
If you thought running was just great for the body, then think again. Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power (脑力).
The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking. They also found that unfit people tended to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills. The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing (老化) and also helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59 — 69 on a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains. Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains. Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60 — 77. As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.
Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results. Mice, examined at the National Institute on Ageing, in Baltimore, found that cells in the hippocampus (海马体), an area of the brain used for memory, were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare, professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times: “Moderate intensity aerobic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”
8. Who tend to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking?
A. People who are healthy. B. People who are thin.
C. People who are unhealthy. D. People who are fat.
9. What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3?
A. Those who were less fit had larger brains.
B. Those who were fitter had smaller brains.
C. Exercise helps people improve their memory.
D. Old people doing exercise improve memory better than young people.
10. Accord to Linda Clare, what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function?
A. Walking. B. Singing.
C. Cycling. D. Running.
11. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To tell you sport improves your brain power.
B. To introduce some good ways to keep healthy.
C. To teach you how to best spend time in doing sports.
D. To introduce several ways to improve your memory.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)”可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)”可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moderate intensity aerobic activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.(中等强度的有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)”可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的是告诉你，运动可以提高你的脑力。故选A项。
D
Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in India in 2012 killed many one－horned rhinos. Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine life. In addition, flood waters can carry disease, including hepatitis A and cholera.
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
12. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2?
A. become B. pollute C. block D. develop
13. How do floods help ecosystems?
A. Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer.
B. Floods make all the animals migrate more easily.
C. Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals.
D. Floods can improve the dirt and help plants grow.
14. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. The way in which floods feed animals. B. The benefits of floods to ecosystems.
C. An effective means of improving soil. D. The reason for people’s appreciating floods.
15. What’s the best title of this article?
A. The Many Effects of Flooding. B. The Secret of Flooding.
C. Floods－Not Everything Is So Bad. D. Floods－a Part of Nature.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为大自然的一部分，洪水对于生态系统既有好处也有坏处。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty.(洪水会从河岸上吸收泥土，从而使水变脏。)”以及“Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing.(太多的泥土会clog河流和溪流，阻止河水流淌。)”可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，以至于河水流淌出现困难。由此可推测此处的clog的意思应该是“堵塞”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow.(然而，洪水并非一无是处。有时它们会给生态系统带来新的生命。洪水把营养物质带到附近的土地上。随着时间的推移，水会干涸，留下灰尘和泥土的颗粒。这些颗粒被称为沉积物，它可以很好地改善土壤，帮助植物生长。)”可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更丰富，从而更好地帮助生态系统。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems.(然而，洪水并非一无是处。有时它们会给生态系统带来新的生命。)”以及“Floods are important to some animals as well.(洪水对一些动物也很重要。)”以及“Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.(此外，在旱季，水可能会干涸，但洪水有助于为湿地补充水分，保持生态系统继续运转。)”可知文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对于生态系统的好处。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可以看到文章前两段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的益处，文章最后一段“Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.(洪水是自然的一部分。它们可以破坏生物和环境。但一些生态系统需要洪水才能生存下来。)”总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水是大自然的一部分”作为标题最合适。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There’s a question about maths you can hear in high schools all around the world, “Why on earth are we learning something that we’ll never use in real life?” ___16___ Computers can help us do the maths, and the rest of the topics will only be useful for the expert-to-be. So why do we study maths at all?
The teacher might answer, “Classes aren’t supposed to teach you formulas. ___17___” It is an answer I can totally agree with, but how does maths “teach you to think”?
___18___ In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more important than the result itself. Using mathematical logic to solve problems provides just the right tools.
Make sure you understand the problem before trying to solve it. ___19___ Or, you can work backwards. When the job is to prove a given supposition, examining the result might help in finding the evidence.
In real life, setting goals can be a powerful tool for finding a way to reach them. Write the question down, and keep making it simple until it becomes clear. ___20___
A. Maths is supposed to teach you to think.
B. If you can’t solve the problem, solve a simpler one.
C. A great deal of high school maths has little practical use.
D. Solution lies in using mathematical tools for real-life problems.
E. Maths helps broaden students’ view instead of sharpening mind.
F. Solving difficult problems is the way we’ll make use of maths in real life.
G. The next time you see a difficult real-life problem, use the tips above.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了一个常见的问题：学习数学的意义，并对在生活中利用数学思维解决问题提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Why on earth are we learning something that we’ll never use in real life?(我们为什么要学习那些现实生活中不会用到的知识呢？)”可知，上文提到了为什么学习不切实际知识的问题，而下文提到电脑可以帮助人做数学运算。C项“高中数学中的大多数(知识)几乎没有实用性”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文中“Classes aren’t supposed to teach you formulas.(课堂不是用来教你公式的)”可知，上文提到课堂不是拿来教你公式的，根据下文中的“It is an answer”可知，这是一个答案。故A项“数学是用来教你思考的”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more important than the result itself. Using mathematical logic to solve problems provides just the right tools.(在很多方面，解释你是如何得到结果的比结果本身更重要。使用数学逻辑解决问题提供了正确的工具)”可知，后文主要介绍了我们在现实生活中运用数学的方式。故F项“解决难题是我们在现实生活中利用数学的方式”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Make sure you understand the problem before trying to solve it.(在试图解决问题之前要确保自己理解问题)”可知，根据下文“Or, you can work backwards.(或者你可以反向推导)”可知，后文提到了反向推导，即本句是在设定无法直接解决问题的情况下。B项“如果你不能解决这个问题，那你就去解决简单的那一个(问题)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In real life, setting goals can be a powerful tool for finding a way to reach them. Write the question down, and keep making it simple until it becomes clear.(在现实生活中，设定目标对于找到一条道路去实现它们来说可以是一个有力的工具。把问题写下来，并且去简化它，直到它变得清晰)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，指出这些建议的作用。故G项“下次你遇到一个现实生活中的难题，(可以)使用上述的建议”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. Zhao Yuanren, a Chinese American ____21____, could speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects. England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian named Guiseppe Mezzofanti was reported to have been able to ____22____ in 30 to 40 languages. Polyglots are indeed ____23____, but American teenager Tim Doner is living proof that anyone can try to be one.
As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found it difficult to be interested in just words and grammar rules. When he was 13, Tim ____24____ listening to Hebrew rap music. One day, he ____25____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____26____! He started looking for people who spoke Hebrew so he could ____27____, and then, he decided to sign up for a summer Arabic class. One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. Hebrew and Arabic speakers wrote nice ____28____ on his videos and gave him advice. Tim loved it. He could ____29____ communicate with people! After that, Tim started looking for new languages to learn, and posting more videos of himself speaking new languages, including Chinese. Tim also began to use many other methods to make learning _____30_____.
Tim wishes everyone would learn more than one language and not just as a school subject. “Knowing a language is a lot more than knowing a couple of words out of a _____31_____,” Tim says. Languages are for communicating with people, learning about their _____32_____, and understanding how different people think. “Open up your mind to the fact that language _____33_____ a cultural world view,” says Tim. “You can translate words easily, _____34_____ you can’t quite translate meaning. ” Or, as Nelson Mandela said, “If you talk to a man in a language he _____35_____, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.”
21. A. learner B. native C. linguist D. master
22. A. hear B. sing C. communicate D. appreciate
23. A. amazing B. satisfying C. equal D. specific
24. A. enjoyed B. started C. stopped D. finished
25. A. referred to B. looked up C. looked for D. made up
26. A. songs B. texts C. expressions D. sentences
27. A. exchange B. register C. practise D. design
28. A. words B. phrases C. demands D. comments
29. A. actually B. naturally C. eventually D. finally
30. A. easy B. difficult C. boring D. fun
31. A. dictionary B. message C. language D. card
32. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. culture D. spirit
33 A. finds B. represents C. translates D. presents
34. A. but B. and C. so D. therefore
35. A. regards B. understands C. describes D. likes
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了13岁的美国少年蒂姆·多纳的多种语言的学习历程和心得体会。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：美籍华裔、通晓数国语言的赵元任会说7种语言和30多种方言。A. learner学习者；B. native母语；C. linguist语言学家、通晓数国语言的人；D. master大师。根据上文“Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. (一些会说多种语言的多语人士可能看起来特别有天赋。)”中的polyglot，意为“通晓并使用多种语言的人”，可知，赵元任是其中一例，linguist符合语意。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能够用30到40种语言进行交流。A. hear听；B. sing唱歌；C. communicate交流；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文“Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. (一些会说多种语言的多语人士可能看起来特别有天赋。)”可知，Guiseppe Mezzofanti也是一个会用很多种语言进行交流（communicate）的人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：精通多种语言的确很了不起，但美国少年蒂姆·多纳就是一个活生生的例子，证明任何人都可以尝试成为一名精通多种语言的人。A. amazing惊人的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. equal相等的；D. specific具体的。根据上文“Zhao Yuanren, a Chinese American ____1____, could speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects. England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian named Guiseppe Mezzofanti was reported to have been able to ____2____ in 30 to 40 languages. (美籍华裔、通晓数国语言的赵元任会说7种语言和30多种方言。英国女王伊丽莎白一世会说大约10种语言。据报道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能够用30到40种语言进行交流。)”可知，这些人精通如此多种语言，非常令人惊讶（amazing）。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆13岁的时候，开始听希伯来说唱音乐。A. enjoyed享受；B. started开始；C. stopped停止；D. finished完成。根据上文“As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found it difficult to be interested in just words and grammar rules. (蒂姆小时候在学校学习法语和拉丁语，但他发现仅仅对单词和语法规则感兴趣是很困难的。)”可知，蒂姆小时候学的是法语和拉丁语，而希伯来语没有提及，下文“One day, he ____5____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____6____! (有一天，他在字典里……这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成……！)”可知，蒂姆要通过字典学习单词，故13岁时开始（started）接触希伯来语，符合语境。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！A. referred to参考；B. looked up查找；C. looked for查找；D. made up弥补。此处考查固定动词短语look up the words in a dictionary，意“在字典里查一下这些单词”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！A. songs歌曲；B. texts文本；C. expressions表达；D. sentences句子。此处表示可以把单词组合在一起，编成句子（sentences），符合语境。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始寻找会说希伯来语的人，这样他就可以练习了，然后，他决定报名参加一个暑期阿拉伯语班。A. exchange交换；B. register注册；C. practise实践、练习；D. design设计。本句中，蒂姆寻找说希伯来语的人，并报了一个班，目的是与他们用希伯来语交流，练（practise）希伯来语。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人给他的视频写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。A. words词语；B. phrases短语；C. demands要求；D. comments评论。根据上文“One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. (一天晚上，为了好玩，他发布了一段自己说阿拉伯语和另一段说希伯来语的视频。)”和下文“Tim loved it. (蒂姆很喜欢)”可知，他的视频得到了说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人的点评（comments），给了他好的评论。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真的可以与人交流！A. actually事实上；B. naturally自然地；C. eventually最终；D. finally最后。根据上文“One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. Hebrew and Arabic speakers wrote nice ____8____ on his videos and gave him advice. (一天晚上，只是为了好玩，他发布了一段自己说阿拉伯语的视频，另一个说希伯来语的视频。说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人给他的视频写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。)”可知，蒂姆的希伯来语说得不错，受到了说这个语言的人的好评，说明他学的希伯来语的程度，实际上（actually）已经到了可以和说希伯来语的人进行交流了的程度了。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆也开始使用许多其他方法使学习变得有趣。A. easy容易的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. fun有趣的。根据上文“Tim loved it. He could ____9____ communicate with people! After that, Tim started looking for new languages to learn, and posting more videos of himself speaking new languages, including Chinese. (蒂姆很喜欢！他真的可以与人交流！从那以后，蒂姆开始寻找新的语言来学习，并发布了更多自己说新语言的视频，包括中文。)”可知，在蒂姆看来，学习多种语言是件有趣的（fun）事情，他乐此不疲。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 懂一门语言比从字典里认识几个单词要重要得多。A. dictionary字典；B. message消息；C. language语言；D. card卡片。根据上文“One day, he ____5____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____6____! (有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！)”可知，当初蒂姆为了记单词也翻过字典（dictionary），还发现单词可以组合为句子。dictionary为复现词，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言是用来与人交流的，学习他们的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。A. vocabulary词汇；B. grammar语法；C. culture文化；D. spirit精神。根据下文“Open up your mind to the fact that language ____13____ a cultural world view(打开你的思维，语言……一种文化世界观)”可知，学一门语言，不仅仅是记单词，cultural为复现词，语言与文化有关。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：打开你的思维，语言代表着一种文化世界观。A. finds发现；B. represents代表；C. translates翻译；D. presents呈现。根据上文“Languages are for communicating with people, learning about their ____12____, and understanding how different people think. (语言是用来与人交流的，学习他们的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。)”可知，一种语言就是一种文化，代表着说这种语言的人的文化。represents符合语境。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：你可以很容易地翻译单词，但你不能完全翻译意义。A. but但；B. and和；C. so所以；D. therefore因此。根据上文“Open up your mind to the fact that language ____13____ a cultural world view, (打开你的思维，语言代表着一种文化世界观。)”可知，单词容易翻译，但是因为语言与文化有关，真实的内涵不一定能真正体会。前后为转折关系，but符合语境。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你用一个人听得懂的语言和他说话，他就会记在脑子里。A. regards认为；B. understands理解；C. describes描述；D. likes喜欢。根据下文“If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. (如果你用他的语言和他说话，你的话会进入他的内心。)”可知，你能用对方的母语跟他交流，那么你们可以深度交流，交流的内容能走心，如果你用的语言只是对方听得懂（understands）的语言，不是对方的母语，那么两人的交流的深度就不如跟对方的母语交流那么深。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is ____36____ (wide) known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in ____37____ (it) history. There are many reasons ____38____ this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, ____39____(write) Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu-animal bones and shells ____40____ which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still ____41____ (see) in today’s hanzi.
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols ____42____ (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many ____43____ (variety) of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of ____44____ Qin Dynasty (221-207BCE).
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began ____45____ (develop) in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
【答案】36. widely
37. its 38. why
39. written
40. on 41. be seen
42. had become
43. varieties
44. the 45. to develop
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的书写系统的发展历史。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而广为人知，尽管其历史经历了许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。修饰谓语动词is known应用副词，作状语，故填widely。
【37题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而广为人知，尽管其历史经历了许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。修饰名词history，应用形容词性物主代词，为前置修饰词。故填its。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：（中国能延续到现在）有很多原因，但其中一个主要因素是中国的文字系统。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为reasons，在定语从句中充当原因状语，应用关系副词why引导定语从句。故填why。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一开始，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词was且句中无连词，应用write的非谓语动词形式作定语，Chinese与write之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词作定语written，意为“书面的”，也是形容词，修饰名词作定语。故填written。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它可以追溯到几千年前龙骨（动物的骨头）和贝壳的使用，古代中国人在它们上面雕刻符号。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为 longgu and shells，在从句中作地点状语，carve sth on sth，意为“把……刻在……上”，介词on可置于关系代词which前。故填on。
【41题详解】
考查语态。句意：一些古代的符号仍然可以在今天的汉字中看到。see与逻辑主语Some of the ancient symbols之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词后应接be done的形式。故填be seen。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：到商代(大约公元前1600—1046年)时为止，这些符号已经成为一种非常完善的书写系统。become是谓语动词，由时间状语By the Shang Dynasty可知，句子描述“过去的过去”存在的状态，谓语动词用过去完成时，故填had become。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：随着时间的推移，该系统发展出不同的形式，因为当时人们被按地域划分，导致了各种各样的方言和文字。many修饰名词复数，故填varieties。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，在秦始皇(公元前221-207年)统治时期，这种情况发生了改变。Qin Dynasty应加定冠词，为专有名词。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个统一的国家，在此中国的文字系统开始朝着一个方向发展。此处考查begin to do sth，适用于主语是物的情况，故填to develop。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 为了丰富“英语学习周”，学校组织一次面向全体学生的英语征文活动，主题为“Develop Good Habits of English Learning”，请你按照要求写一篇文章参加征文活动。
文章要求：
1、养成好的英语学习习惯的必要性；
2、具体介绍你认为的好的英语学习习惯（至少两项）；
3、养成好的英语学习习惯的决心。
注意：1、词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Develop Good Habits of English Learning
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Develop Good Habits of English Learning
As we know, it is very important to develop good English learning habits. It helps us learn English better with relatively less time. So, what should we do?
First of all, we should read as much as possible, because reading helps to cultivate our sense of language. Secondly, we should take notes carefully in class. In this way, whenever we review our lessons, the notes can give us a lot of help. In addition, keeping a diary in English is also very useful. It helps to improve our writing ability. It’s also very interesting to write down our ideas in English.
In a word, in order to learn English well, we must form good English learning habits.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。要求考生以“Develop Good Habits of English Learning”写一篇文章参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant
培养：cultivate→develop
帮助：help→assistance
有帮助的：useful→helpful
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：In addition, keeping a diary in English is also very useful. It helps to improve our writing ability.
拓展句：In addition, keeping a diary in English is also very useful, which helps to improve our writing ability.
【点睛】[高分句型1]First of all, we should read as much as possible, because reading helps to cultivate our sense of language. （运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2] In this way, whenever we review our lessons, the notes can give us a lot of help. （运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。
Lily loved school. However, there was one class Lily worried about more than any other—art. She didn’t know why she just wasn’t any good at drawing, painting, or cutting.
Ms. Clay, the art teacher, stood at the front of the room. “Class, next Friday our school is going to have an art competition,” she announced. Ms. Clay was a great teacher, and Lily liked her a lot. But this announcement made Lily nervous. “Everyone in the school will create a piece of artwork to show in the library. You can use the different types of artwork we have been studying.” Ms. Clay was quite excited when she spoke while Lily found herself sinking lower in her chair.
Lily had the whole weekend to work on her project, but she could not think of anything to do. On Monday, Lily felt frightened, so after school Lily asked Ms. Clay if she could write an art paper instead of doing an art project.
“I understand this project scared you, Lily,” Ms. Clay said. “Just remember, you can create any kind of art you want.” Ms. Clay smiled at her. “Art is a person’s way of expressing his or her feelings—it isn’t always painting, drawing, or cutting. I know you will think of something very creative, and I can’t wait to see it.”
When Lily arrived home, she took out a piece of paper and a pencil. She remembered Ms. Clay’s words. “Art is a person’s way of expressing his or her feelings.” Lily wrote the word “terrified” on her paper. She crumpled (揉皱) the paper and threw it to the side of her desk.
Then Lily stared at the crumpled ball. Suddenly an idea struck her.
Paragraph 1：
Why not create something out of crumpled paper?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
On Friday, Lily carefully carried her project into the library.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Why not create something out of crumpled paper? The crumpled paper reminded her of a snowball. Lily didn’t have to draw or paint or even cut. Lily made many paper balls, glued them all together, and placed them on a big piece of hard paper to form a snowman. The snowman wore a hat made of black paper and a scarf made of red paper. Her finished project was really wonderful.
On Friday, Lily carefully carried her project into the library. She noticed the smile and the nods from teachers and other students as she put her work on a table. Ms. Clay walked over to Lily. “You have created a creative piece of artwork. I am so proud of you!” Ms. Clay said. Lily was proud of herself too. Her pride grew when Ms. Clay placed a first-place star on her artwork. “Maybe I am a good artist after all,” Lily thought.
【解析】
【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lily喜欢学校。然而，有一门课是Lily最担心的——艺术。她不擅长绘画或者剪纸。美术老师Ms. Clay宣布学校要举行一场艺术比赛，这个声明让Lily很紧张。所以放学后Lily问Clay女士，她是否可以写一篇艺术论文，老师鼓励她按照自己的想法去做，她有了一个主意。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“为什么不用皱巴巴的纸来做东西呢？”可知，第一段可描写Lily这个想法的具体内容。
②由第二段首句内容“星期五，Lily小心翼翼地把她的项目带进了图书馆。”可知，第二段可描写Lily的作品受到了好评。
2.续写线索：想起做雪球——完成项目——老师和同学表扬——感到骄傲
3.词汇激活：
行为类
让某人想起：remind sb. of sth./make sb. think of
完成：finish/complete
注意：notice/spot
情绪类
微笑：smile/beam
以……为骄傲：take pride in/be proud of
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The snowman wore a hat made of black paper and a scarf made of red paper.（made of为过去分词短语作后置定语）
[高分句型2]
She noticed the smile and the nods from teachers and other students as she put her work on a table.（as引导时间状语从句）
听力：1～5CCABB 6～10CCBBB 11～15ACBCA 16~20AABCB
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