2023西宁湟川中学高二上学期12月月考试题英语含答案

湟川中学2022~2023学年度第一学期学情调研测试

高二英语试题

注 意 事 项

考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求

1．本试卷满分为120分，考试时间为90分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。

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3．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

According to 'a study, being exposed to a 360-degree video of nature can provide emotional wellbeing benefits for people who cannot access the outdoors. So let’s check out some ideas of free virtual trips you can take right now!

Take a tour in Central Park, New York

As one of the world's biggest attractions, Central Park is a part of natural beauty located in the very heart of Manhattan. With this tour offered by youvisit. com, you’ll be able to see the Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, the Belvedere Castle and “walk” through the park's scenic meadows. If you’re in the mood for greenery, this tour will definitely suit you.

Explore the wonders of Japan

Take a tour across this beautiful country with a 360-degree VR movie from the Japan National Tourism Organization: you’ll be able to explore tradition, modernity and nature all at once, and enjoy the mixture of fascinating cultural sites and the most appealing natural spots.

Enjoy the breathtaking views of the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Are you up to witnessing one of the most magnificent views in the world?No wonder the Grand Canyon in Arizona is considered one of the world's treasures. The virtual tour, provided by the National Park Service U.S. lets you discover ancient places within the canyon and explore archaeological excavations (考古挖掘) in an interactive way.

Climb Everest for an unforgettable adventure

Experience what it feels like to climb the world's tallest mountain with Everest VR: Journey to the top of the world, a docu series especially made for Virtual Reality headsets. Have you ever imagined experiencing an Himalayan avalanche or a rock-climbing fall? Or just admiring the sunset from the top of the mountain's unique perspective? This journey will take you to places you never thought possible.

1．Which of the following is the best choice for green plant lovers?

A．Japan. B．Everest.

C．Central Park. D．The Grand Canyon.

2．What’s unique to the trip to the Grand Canyon?

A．The virtual tour. B．The magnificent views.

C．The interactive viewing way. D．The 360-degree video of nature.

3．What do the four virtual trips have in common?

A．Free admission. B．Scenic meadows.

C．Cultural sites. D．Rock-climbing falls.

Two high school students have identified four new planets in distant space about 200-light-years from Earth, making them “the youngest astronomers” to make such a discovery.

Kartik Pingle, 16, and Jasmine Wright, 18, who both attend schools in Massachusetts, participated in the Student Research Mentoring Program (SRMP). With the help of Tansu Daylan, an MIT doctor for Astrophysics and Space Research, the students studied and analyzed data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Together they focused on Tess Object of Interest (TOI) 1233, a nearby, bright sun-like star and here they found four planets rotating (旋转) around the star. “We were looking to see changes in light over time,” Pingle explained, “the idea is that if the planet transits the star, or passes in front of it, it would periodically cover up the star and decrease its brightness.”

While studying 1233, Pingle and Wright had at least hoped to find one planet, but were overwhelmed with joy when a total of four were spotted. “I was very excited and very shocked.” Wright said. “We knew this was the goal of Daylan's research, but to actually find a multi-planetary system, and be part of the discovering team, was really cool."

Three of the newly discovered planets are considered as “sub-Neptunes”, which are gaseous (气态的), but smaller than the Neptune that lives in our solar system. While observing the planets, the team determined each one completes their orbit around 1233 every six to 19.5 days. However, the fourth planet is labeled a “super-Earth” for its large size and rockiness---this one orbits around the star in just under four days.

“We have long been studying planets beyond our solar system and with multi-planetary systems, the two young students are kind of hitting the jackpot. They are really blessed.” Daylan said, “The planets originated from the same disk of matter around the same star, but they ended up being different planets with different atmospheres and different climates due to their different orbits. So, we would like to understand the fundamental processes of planet formation and evolution using this planetary system.”

Daylan added that it was a “win-win" to work with Pingle and Wright on the study. “As a researcher, I really enjoy interacting with young brains that are open to experimentation and learning and have minimal bias.” he said, “I also think it is very beneficial to high school students, since they get exposure to cutting-edge research and this prepares them quickly for a research career.”

4．How did the two students identify the four planets?

A．By helping professor Tansu Daylan with the data.

B．By analyzing the change of brightness of star 1233.

C．By studying Neptune that lives in our solar system.

D．By interacting with other young talented brains.

5．What is special about the discovery?

A．It was made by two high school students.

B．It was made with an innovative approach.

C．It was meant to be made by Tansu Daylan.

D．It found the largest number of planets at a time.

6．Which of the following is closest in meaning to “hitting the jackpot” in paragraph 5?

A．Making a discovery difficultly. B．Achieving the goal easily.

C．Succeeding in something luckily. D．Performing a task carefully.

7．According to the article, what benefits does the study bring?

A．It allows the scientists to work with young people without prejudice.

B．It equips future astronomers with better researching capabilities.

C．It provides more perspectives and thus boosts more discoveries.

D．It arouses students’ interest in exploring the unknown universe.

Facebook has developed a kind of Al （人工智能），translating between any pair of 100 languages without depending on first translating to English.

Facebook's system was trained on a data set of 7. 5 billion sentence pairs collected from the web across 100 languages though not all the languages had an equal number of sentence pairs. "What I was really interested in was cutting out English as a middle man. Globally there are plenty of countries where they speak two languages that aren't English," says Angela Fan of Facebook Al who led the work.

For some language pairs, the new system shows obvious improvements in translation quality. For example, translating from Spanish to Portuguese is extremely strong because Spanish is the second-most spoken first language worldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lot of data. Translation between English and Belarusian also is improved because the Al can translate- Russian into English, which shares similarities with Belarusian.

While the system isn't in use on the social network site, Facebook plans to put it to work soon to manage the 20 billion translations made every day when people click  “Translate“ on posts （帖子） written in more than 160 languages. " Future work will be done on other language," says Fan. "especially for languages where we don't have a lot of data, like South-East Asian and African languages. "

The work “ breaks away from the English-centric models and tries to build more different models", says Sheila Castilho of the ADAPT Centre at Dublin City University, Ireland. "That's pretty new and different. But it's hard to know if the Al does right translation work," says Castilho. “The users may not know the other language, so they cannot judge the correctness of the translation."

8．What's Angela Fan's purpose of making the research?

A．To collect data of all kinds of people.

B．To make learning different languages easier.

C．To achieve her dream of becoming a translator.

D．To avoid using English as a middle man in translation.

9．Why is it easy to translate from Spanish to Portuguese by Al?

A．There is much data on Spanish.

B．Portuguese is similar to Spanish.

C．Spanish is spoken by the largest number of people.

D．Researchers have a good knowledge of the two languages.

10．What is Castilho worried about?

A．The safety of Al translation.

B．The way of using Facebook.

C．The correctness of Al translation.

D．The number of posts on the website.

11．What is the proper title for the text?

A．Facebook Al Can Translate by Itself.

B．Facebook Needs a Translation System.

C．Facebook Has Translated Many Works.

D．Facebook Al Can Do a Good Translation.

Handwashing is one of the easiest ways to protect against disease, but lack of running water is a problem for 3 billion people in the world, according to the World Health Organization(WHO) and UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund. Tippy taps are one way. Sometimes, the little things make such a big difference. These low-cost handwashing stations are helping people stay healthy.

There are different ways to build and use tippy taps. But the basic tools include a plastic water bottle, sticks, and rope. Hang the bottle from a branch or pole. Press a foot pedal to tip the bottle and release water. Then wet your hands and scrub with soap for at least 20 seconds. Done!

In Uganda, Faridah Luanda has been teaching her neighbors how to make tippy laps. Washing hands is very difficult in her neighborhood because they don't have access to washing facilities. When COVID-19 started and people were told to clean their hands frequently, they needed to be creative. Luanda and her neighbors have set up 800 tippy taps in the community. “We are helping ourselves,” Luanda says “Children, people with disabilities, and other vulnerable people—they cannot be left behind.”

In Guatemala, people have set up nearly 400 tippy laps. Each cost about $12 to make.

Tippy taps are also being used in the United States. Kids from the Lake & Park School, in Seattle Washington, heard about the project. They raised $4,000 to support it. In Tucson, Arizona, they' re helping the homeless. Two were set up at a shelter called Sister Jose Women’s Center. COVID-19 forced the shelter to close. But workers continued to give out food. They needed a way to let people wash their hands before eating. The tippy tap is such a simple solution.

12．What does the author think of tippy taps?

A．They are invented by the WHO B．They can ease the water shortage.

C．They are money-saving and effective. D．They are too expensive to popularize.

13．Which of the following pictures is the correct description of the tippy tap?\

A． B． C． D．

14．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Lazy. B．Weak C．Dirty. D．Foolish.

15．Who are tippy taps intended for in the United States?

A．The homeless. B．The school children.

C．The volunteer workers. D．The patients in hospital.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

Move towards nature when feeling down. Miracles do happen if you try. According to studies, walking among trees makes us relaxed. ____16____ There’s plenty of research showing the link between being in nature and being happy, but most of the research has focused on adults.

____17____ Explaining the motivation behind the study, researchers note that with environmental issues such as global warming, more studies are focusing on the relationships between humans and nature to find solutions to these problems, and the future of the planet lies in the hands of children and their actions. However, few studies focus on this aspect.

For the study, researchers worked with 206 children between the ages of 5 and 15. To measure how connected they were to nature, the kids were asked how much they enjoy activities like seeing wildflowers and wild animals, hearing sounds of nature and touching animals and plants. ____18____ They also found that the more concerned children were about the environment and nature, the more likely they were to be happy.

So, exposure to nature is related to active behaviors and happiness of children. What does that mean to adults? As we all know, children usually tend to follow adults’, especially their parents’ behaviors. That’s to say, when adults are outside and appreciate nature, kids learn by example. ____19____

Researchers say that children need role models who can gently guide them to nature with excitement and an attitude of a lifelong learner. ____20____ What’s more important is that they spend time together with children by exploring a fun and safe environment.

A．It’s so adventurous going for a walk around trees.

B．Researchers will study more about the connection between children’s performance and nature.

C．And if parents enjoy being close to nature, so will their children.

D．Parents don’t have to be experts in environmental science or nature studies.

E．They found that the kids connected to nature were more likely to behave properly.

F．In a new study, researchers wanted to see if kids get the same benefits from being outdoors.

G．Even just smelling the trees helps reduce anxiety.

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A man in Tokyo who rents himself out to other people “to do nothing” has received many requests (请求)—and now he’s getting paid for it.

Shoji Morimoto, 37, started ____21____ himself as a person who can “eat and drink, and give simple feedback (反馈), but do nothing more” in June, 20l8.

“I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____22____,” Morimoto ____23____ in his first tweet about this ____24____ service. “Is it difficult for you to enter a shop on your own? Are you ____25____ a player on your team? Do you need someone to keep a place for you? I can’t do anything except ____26____ things.”

Since then, he’s received over 3, 000 request. He originally offered his ____27____ for free, but now ____28____ 10, 000 yen (roughly $96) just to reduce the number of requests and to ____29____ the time-wasters.

Morimoto says he sees on average three to four clients (客户) a day. People rent him for a variety of ______30______ but most are bored and ______31______ and simply want to be listened to.

He ______32______ weddings, accompanied those filing for divorce, and caught butterflies with ______33______ in the park.

“I’m glad I was able to take a walk with someone while keeping a(n) ______34______ distance, where we didn’t have to talk but could if we wanted to,” one client ______35______ online.

One client says she has rented Morimoto on at least 10 occasions. She asked him to stay beside her when ______36______ a man for the first time, and also had him ______37______ her talk about her views on love, which she did not feel comfortable talking about to her friends.

Morimoto currently has nearly 268, 000 Twitter followers and has quit his full-time publishing job to “do nothing”. When ______38______ why he thinks so many people are interested in his services, he said, “I’m not a ______39______ or an acquaintance (熟人). I’m free of the bothersome things that accompany relationships, but can ______40______ people’s sense of loneliness. Maybe it’s something like that for me.”

21．A．praising B．advertising C．joking D．analyzing

22．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything

23．A．debated B．hid C．studied D．wrote

24．A．special B．expensive C．valuable D．popular

25．A．amusing B．teaching C．missing D．calling

26．A．simple B．new C．difficult D．unusual

27．A．gifts B．services C．signals D．notes

28．A．provides B．pays C．owes D．charges

29．A．discourage B．measure C．increase D．inspire

30．A．explanations B．reasons C．discussions D．questions

31．A．awesome B．rare C．vital D．lonely

32．A．gave B．left C．attended D．broke

33．A．brothers B．strangers C．families D．fellows

34．A．comfortable B．astonishing C．large D．apparent

35．A．implied B．insisted C．answered D．posted

36．A．meeting B．interviewing C．beating D．attracting

37．A．link with B．rely on C．listen to D．agree with

38．A．reported B．asked C．blamed D．suspected

39．A．patient B．worker C．student D．friend

40．A．reduce B．prove C．hope D．interrupt

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Table tennis first ____41____ (appear) during Victorian England. Table tennis didn’t become a competitive sport until 1988. Now table tennis not only is a matter of competition, but also provides an opportunity for people to play together no matter what their ages are. There is a day for people ____42____ love table tennis to spread their love for the sport. It ____43____ (call) World Table Tennis Day.

The International Table Tennis Federation has taken table tennis to a ____44____ (complete) new level. ITTF tries to make table tennis popular around the world. ____45____ (achieve) this goal, in 2015 ITTTF created World Table Tennis Day to get people interested ____46____ table tennis. Since then it has been celebrating the day so that more people can learn about ____47____ sport.

World Table Tennis Day is celebrated by ____48____ (organize) activities in the streets, clubs, bars, schools, workplaces etc. People can register for all these ____49____ (event) on the Internet to join in the worldwide celebration. If you’re looking for other ways to celebrate World Table Tennis Day, you can choose to watch _____50_____ (excite) table tennis games on TV on the day and tell your friends what day it is.

第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Terry Fox, is born in 1958, studied physical education in university. At 19, his right leg was fitted with a artificial leg due to bone cancer. In 1980, he decided to run the “Marathon of Hope” across Canada, hoped to let people know about the suffering of cancer patients and to raise money for cancer research. On April 12, he start his run in Newfoundland. It was a difficult run, and he was very determined and kept running. Soon people were gathering along his route to cheer her on and to give money to his cause. The media began to report on his progresses. Terry had covered 5,373 kilometers before he had to stop because the spread of cancer. He dead in 1981, which great saddened the nation.

第二节书面表达(满分25分）

52．假如你是李华。你打算到China Daily参加记者面试。请根据以下要点，用英语写一封自荐信。

1.应聘原因：公司声望、个人梦想；

2.个人能力：懂英语，善编辑，对新闻有敏感在嗅觉，善沟通，团队意识强等；

3.决心与愿望。

注意：1.词数100左右。信的格式已给出，不计入总词数；

2.可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：

声望：reputation 资格 qualification

Dear Sir,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua

参考答案

1．C    2．C    3．A

4．B    5．D    6．C    7．B

8．D    9．A    10．C    11．D

12．C    13．A    14．B    15．A

16．G    17．F    18．E    19．C    20．D

21．B    22．C    23．D    24．A    25．C    26．A    27．B    28．D    29．A    30．B    31．D    32．C    33．B    34．A    35．D    36．A    37．C    38．B    39．D    40．A

41．appeared    42．who##that    43．is called    44．completely    45．To achieve    46．in    47．the    48．organizing    49．events    50．exciting

51．1.删除is    2.a→ an   3. hoped→ hoping或者在hoped前面加上and   4. start→ started

5. and→ but   6. her →him   7. progresses→ progress   8. because后面增加of  9. dead→ died 10. great→ greatly

52．Dear Sir,

I have learned that newspaper reporters are wanted in your company. I’m eager to be one of them. The reason why I apply for this job is that your company has a very good reputation and I’ve dreamed to be a journalist from an early age.

As for what I can offer to your company, firstly, I have very good English reading and editing abilities. Above all, I have a good nose for news. Meanwhile, I have outstanding communication skills. I am a good team leader, and I can get along well with others. I think my qualifications are suitable for what you require. So I am confident and I can handle it. I would appreciate it if you could allow me an interview.

Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.

Your,

Li Hua