初中英语牛津译林版八年级下册Grammar一等奖ppt课件

设计说明

首先通过一些关于旅行的图片和前面Reading部分学过的内容，引出现在完成时have/has been的用法，然后逐渐讲解与have/has gone用法的区别，并通过一些练习进行巩固。再对完成时态中短暂性动词在与for和since连用时的变化形式加以讲解和区分。通过图片设置的情境进行讲解和区分，让学生会根据不同的语境正确使用短暂性动词和延续性动词，进而通过练习来巩固。

教学目标

通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：

1.知识目标

掌握词汇：sand, over, marry, dead, on the first day of, Ocean Park, dolphin show  

2.能力目标

(1)学会正确使用have/has been和have/has gone；

(2)学会正确区分短暂性动词和延续性动词，会根据不同的语境正确使用短暂性动词和延续性动词，学会短暂性动词在与for和since连用时的变化形式。

3.情感目标

了解城市变迁，培养学生热爱生活，感恩社会的情感。

重点难点

1.重点：正确使用have/has been和have/has gone, 正确区分短暂性动词和延续性动词。

2.难点：会根据不同的语境正确使用短暂性动词和延续性动词，学会短暂性动词在与for和since连用时的变化形式。

教学准备

PPT 课件；相关图片。

授课时数

1课时

教学过程

Step 1　Lead-in

Show some pictures about travelling and give some sentences including “have/has been”.

I have been to Mount Huang before. 　　I have been to Hainan twice.

I have never been to London. I hope to visit Tower Bridge one day.

Ask: Where have you been?

Step 2　Presentation  

1. Show some sentences from Reading that include have/has been.

(1) Kitty and her parents have been to Hong Kong Disneyland recently.

Think:

Are they still in Hong Kong Disneyland?

They are not in Hong Kong Disneyland now.

They have been in Hong Kong for two days.

(2)Eddie has been to South Hill many times.

Think:

Is Eddie still in South Hill now? Is he back at home?

Eddie is not in South Hill. He is back at home now.

2. Show the differences between “have/has been to” and “have/has been in”.  

have been to 已去了/曾去过……（已经回来了）

have been in ...for...   在某地待了多长时间

3. Show some sentences from Reading that include have/has gone to.

Millie has gone to Hainan.  

Think:

Is Millie still in Hainan?  Is she back?

Yes, Millie is still in Hainan now and she isn’t back.

I know your mother has gone to Hainan. She is travelling there.

have gone to 已去了（某人去了某地，现在仍然在那里，还没回来）

Then give some examples.

Millie and Amy have gone to the bookshop to buy some books on travelling. They will be back in an hour.

—Where’s Xiao Wang?

—He has gone to the library.

4. Do some exercises.

—Where is your friend Lucy?  

—My friend Lucy __________ London. She will be back next week.

—Did you go there?

—Yes. I ___________ London four times.

Answers: has gone to, have been to

5. Work out the rule.

(1) have/has been to…+ once/twice/before…

We use it to express that someone went to a place and has already come back. It refers to an experience.

(2) have/has gone to…

We use it to express the idea that someone went to a place and is still there.

(3) have/has been in…+ a period of time

We use it to express that someone was in a place for some time but now still stays there.

Step 3　Summary

Give a summary of the usage of “have/has been (to)”  “have/has gone (to)” and have/has been (in).

(1) have/has been (to), have/has gone (to)和have/has been (in) 三者之间的根本区别：

have/has been to 表示当事人曾经去过某地；

have/has been in 强调当事人在某地待了一段时间；

have/has gone to 说话时当事人去了某地但尚未回来。

(2)三者的常见用法：

I have been to Beijing twice.

My parents and I have been in Hong Kong for two days.

I heard you’ve gone to Thailand.

Step 4　Practice

1. Complete the sentences with “have/has been to” “have/has gone to” and “have/has been in”.

(1) The Smiths _________ _________ _________ Nanjing for nearly ten years.

(2) —________ Mr Li ever _________ ________ Europe before?

—No, never.

(3) —Where is Mr Li?

—Oh, he ________ _________ _________ England.

Answers: (1) have been in　(2) Has, been to　(3) has gone to

2. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

(1) —Where have you ever gone?   gone—been

—Shanghai Disneyland.

(2) We have been to the USA for many years.  to—in

(3) —How many times have you been in Xinpu Zoo?  in—to

  —Twice.

(4) —Where is your mother? 

  —She has been to America.    been—gone

3. Finish Part A1 on Page 26. Then check the answers.

(1) Millie isn’t here. She ________ to the library.

(2) Peter and Simon ________ just ________ to the library. They borrowed some interesting books.

(3) My cousin __________ to Xi’an twice.

(4) My parents ___________ to Xi’an and they’ll stay there for a week.

(5) Daniel won’t be with us at the party.  He _________ to Shanghai.

Answers: (1) has gone　(2) have, been　(3) has been　(4) have gone

(5) has gone

4. Finish A2 on Page 27. Then check the answers. 

Answers: 1. has gone　2. has gone　3. Have, been　4. have been　5. Have, been　6. have been　7. have gone

5. 选用have been to或have gone to的适当形式填空。

(1) My father 　　　　 Beijing. He will be back in two days.

(2) The Greens 　　　　 the USA twice.

(3) —Where is your aunt now? I haven’t seen her for a long time.

   —She 　　　　 Xiamen.

(4) 　　　　 you ever 　　　　 Hong Kong Disneyland?

(5) —　　　　 Tom 　　　　 Nanjing?

   —Yes. He hasn’t come back yet. 

Answers: (1)has gone to　(2)have been to　(3)has gone to　(4)Have,been to　(5)Has, gone to

6. Translate the following sentences.

(1)我叔叔已去过美国两次,但我从没去过。

(2)Nick在哪里？他去了图书馆。

(3)Kitty和爸爸妈妈去了香港，他们一个礼拜之后回来。

Answers: (1)My uncle has been to America twice, but I have never been there.

(2) Where is Nick? He has gone to the library.

(3) Kitty and her parents have gone to Hong Kong. They will be back in a week.

Step 5　Lead-in

1. Show some sentences and ask the students to find the differences. 

Millie studied at Sunshine Middle school two years ago.

Millie has studied at Sunshine Middle school for two years.

Millie has studied at Sunshine Middle school since two years ago.

Kitty and Millie haven’t seen each other since last week.

2. Work out the rule!

for + a period of time

since + a time point in the past

3. Finish the exercises.

用for或since填空，完成句子。

1. We have lived here _______ 1990.

2. — How long have you studied here?  — ______ 5 years.

3. The boy has had a bad cold ______ last night.

4. I have waited ____ two hours.

5. Mr Huang has kept the books ______ last month.

6. I have taught in the school ________ I came here.

7. We have been friends ______ a long time.

8. I have been in Nanjing ________ eight years.

9. Sally has been away from London ________ last Saturday.

10. Our school has changed a lot ______ the new building was built.

11. Tommy has had this motorcycle ______ three years.

12. My parents have been married ______ 20 years.

Answers: 1. since　2. For　3. since　4. for　5. since　6. since　7. for　8. for  9. since　10. since　11. for　12. for

Step 6　Presentation

1. Show more sentences and ask students to read and find the differences and mistakes.

Kitty has been in Hong Kong for two days.   √

Kitty has gone to Hong Kong for two days.   ×

Kitty has gone to Hong Kong.    √

Kitty has had the king rings since two hours ago. √

Kitty has bought the key rings since two hours ago. ×

Kitty has bought the key rings. √

2. Work out the rule.

If we want to express a continuous state, we can use another way like this.

3. Give more examples and exercises.

Answers: (1) began, has been on　(2) finished, has been over　(3) arrived at, have been at

4. Do some true or false exercises.

(1) I have seen many interesting films since 2012.  (　　)

(2) Tom’s dog has died for two years.  (　　)

(3) They have been in Guilin for a week.  (　　)

(4) Kitty has left Beijing since last Monday.  (　　)

(5) Daniel has bought his gloves for a year.  (　　)

Answers: (1)T　(2)F　has died→has been dead　(3)T　(4)F　has left→has been away from　(5)F　has bought→has had

5. More about Kitty’s trip.

Kitty is telling Millie about her holiday in Hong Kong on the phone. Complete what she says with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Then check the answers.

Answers: 1. arrived　2. have been　3. borrowed　4. have kept　5. began

6. has been

Step 7　Homework

1. Go over Grammar A & B.

2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.

3. Prepare Integrated skills.

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