高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Into the wild一课一练

UNIT 5 课时跟踪检测（一） 阅读理解专项练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Many animals need to move across large distances. Often they do this as part of their natural migration. Sometimes animals need to move to a new area when food gets low or conditions get worse. However, humans have taken over huge areas of the planet. Roads and highways cut up the remaining natural areas into many small sections, making it dangerous for animals to move.

Many people are working to help animals by creating “wildlife corridors”， trying to reconnect smaller natural areas so that animals can move over larger areas. One important step in creating these corridors is building wildlife bridges and tunnels to give animals a way to safely cross dangerous roads. These changes don't just help animals, but they also save human lives by avoiding accidents.

On China's Hainan Island, scientists created a bridge for gibbons, an animal that lives in southern Asia. But in 2014, natural accidents caused huge gaps in the forest, forcing them to make dangerous jumps. Scientists created a simple and cheap bridge, which solved the problem. In 2018, the experts in Utah, America built a wildlife bridge over the busy highway. A 4.8-kilometer fence was created to help guide animals to the bridge. Normally, animals take a long time to discover and begin using wildlife bridges, so experts didn't expect the bridge to get much traffic for several years. However, to their surprise, many different kinds of animals have already used the bridge.

Now people in other countries are looking to try similar ideas. In Brazil, scientists want to create bridges to help animals cross the hundreds of miles of highway that cuts through the Amazon rainforest. In Uttarakhand, India, an eco-bridge made from all-natural materials has been built. Though it's high in the trees, it's expected to help smaller animals on the ground by reminding drivers that they're in an important natural area with lots of wildlife. Already, the bridge has got a lot of attention, with many people taking selfies in front of it.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人类正在建设野生动物走廊，以保护动物。

1．Why are the wildlife corridors created?

A．To avoid the attack from animals.

B．To offer a way to protect animals.

C．To improve animals' living conditions.

D．To bring more convenience to humans.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Many people are working to help ... safely cross dangerous roads.”可知，建立野生动物走廊是为了帮助动物，提供一条可以保护动物的通路。故选B。

2．How does the bridge in Utah surprise the experts?

A．Animals need no guide to it.

B．Animals take more time to cross it.

C．It has made the traffic dangerous.

D．It is used by many animals sooner.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Normally, animals take a long time ... already used the bridge.”可知，许多动物很快就会使用野生动物桥梁，这使得专家们感到惊讶。故选D。

3．What do we know about the eco-bridge in India?

A．It has become a hit for tourists.

B．It is made of man-made materials.

C．It acts as a reminder for the hunter.

D．It serves as a sign of a natural area.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，印度的生态桥已经成为受旅行者欢迎的地点。故选A。

4．How is the text mainly developed?

A．By making a comparison.

B．By listing some examples.

C．By showing causes and effects.

D．By following the order of time.

解析：选B　推理判断题。通读全文，文章第三段列举中国海南岛，美国犹他州建造野生动物走廊；最后一段列举其他国家尝试类似的想法，如巴西希望建造桥梁、印度已经建成生态桥，所以文章是通过列举一些例子来展开的。故选B。

B

Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.

Traditional migration paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest and feed. The scientists studied the migration or flight paths of almost 1,500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.

The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says, “Many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation (开垦) because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion.”

The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don't have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time in protecting land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn't exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species，” one of the scientists says.

The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbor country might not. A bird might die.

One scientist who is not connected with the report tells LosAngelesTimes that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.

He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，候鸟迁徙的过程中，由于人类过度开发，使得候鸟的沿途栖息地遭到了严重的破坏，这直接导致大量鸟类物种的消失。

5．What mainly caused the disappearing of birds' habitats?

A．The decrease of awareness to protect birds.

B．Natural disasters.

C．Overuse of land by human beings.

D．The rising sea level.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，科学家说，一大部分鸟类正处于危险之中，因为它们的栖息地或家园正在消失。再根据第三段的内容可知，鸟类栖息地的消失是因为人类过度使用土地导致的。故选C。

6．What may be the main reason for many birds' death on the way of migration?

A．Exhaustion and hunger.

B．Beast attack on the ground.

C．Hunting of humans.

D．The long journey.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，根据科学家的说法，许多小鸟都是在迁徙途中死去的，因为它们没有一个安全的地方来进食和休息。由此可知，许多鸟类在迁徙途中死亡的主要原因是迁徙中筋疲力尽和饥饿。故选A。

7．According to the last two paragraphs, how should we protect the migrating birds?

A．By keeping fewer cats or dogs.

B．By restoring their destroyed habitats.

C．By helping change the birds' migration paths.

D．By preserving the ecological environments on their migration paths.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，虽然鸟儿的一些栖息地正在改变，但可以做更多的事让迁徙途经城市地区的鸟类安全。最后一段列举了两项举措，比如种植更多的本地植物或者把猫关在鸟类可能使用的区域之外，这可能会产生很大的影响。由此可推断出，最后两段说明我们要保护好迁徙的动物，也要保护好迁徙途中的生态环境。故选D。

8．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A．To tell us a huge percentage of bird species are in danger.

B．To analyze the reasons for disappearing of birds' habitats.

C．To offer some solutions to the problem of birds' habitats.

D．To call on people to protect the birds' habitats.

解析：选D　写作意图题。作者写本文的目的就是号召大家一起保护鸟类的栖息地。第一段讲述了鸟类正处于危险之中，因为它们的栖息地或家园正在消失。从第二段至第四段叙述了鸟类的栖息地消失的原因及存在的安全隐患。最后三段就如何保护鸟类的栖息地提出了建议，各国需要共同努力，为通过其边界的鸟类提供安全的栖息区域。故D项符合题意。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Should We Create More National Parks

to Save Endangered Animals?

Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct? __1__ And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.

__2__ If this environment is destroyed — for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down to make profits — many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.

In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that these animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make money. __3__

On the other hand,  some people fight against the creation of national parks because they consider it is wrong to interfere with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment. __4__ They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.

All in all, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks. __5__ As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is,  human beings.

A．To begin with, animals are important to humans.

B．Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.

C．I personally believe that we must save these animals.

D．These parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.

E．Firstly, national parks protect these animals' natural environment.

F．They say though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.

G．There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章就“我们是否应该创建更多的国家公园来保护濒危动物”进行了论述并得出了结论。

1．选C　根据空前一句可知，越来越多的动物濒临灭绝。根据下一句可知，作者认为最好的办法是政府建立更多的国家公园。C项“我个人认为我们必须拯救这些动物。”承接上下句，符合语境。

2．选E　根据本段内容及第三段第一句可知，这两段在说创建国家公园的好处，故选E项。

3．选B　此处在讲猎人猎杀动物的原因。空前一句“They hunt animals to make money.”是其中一个原因，B项“有些猎人甚至纯粹为了运动而猎杀动物。”是另一个原因，故选B项。

4．选F　此处在讲反对者的想法，F项“他们说尽管这些动物可能会面临危险，但是它们享受着一种自由的生活。”符合语境。

5．选D　根据空后一句可知，国家公园可以保护动物免受人类的捕杀，是它们安全的庇护所，故D项“这些公园允许动物们生活在一个安全的环境中。”符合语境。