北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册单元综合检测含答案

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单元综合检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Vacation Camps
Lake Idaho Camp
When：2 weeks in July
Join our fun­filled camp on the banks of lake Idaho! You can take part in exciting water sports，including canoeing and swimming.All equipment is provided.Our highly qualified instructors lead groups for all levels，including beginners.In the evenings，we organize campfire activities for children with singing，drama，and storytelling，while adults can explore the nearby town of St.Albans.
Cost：$400，including all your delicious healthy meals.
Everwell Forest Camp
When：1 week in August
Teachers Mat and Alice Branson run our camp in the Everwell Forest.Open to children 8－12 years of age，the camp also offers participants the chance to try various arts and crafts，including painting，pottery，and woodwork.Places are limited to 20，so early booking is advised.
Cost：$150，including all meals.
Happy Shells Camp
When：3 weeks in August
Happy Shells volunteer organization is looking for young people aged 15－20 to join our camp on the Florida coast.Participants will help to build protective fences around the nests of sea turtles which come to the beaches during the summer to lay their eggs.At the end of the camp，participants receive a certificate(证书) that can be used for credit on high school and a college courses.
Cost：$120 per week to cover food and hotel.
Powerhouse Boot Camp
When：2 weeks in July or August
The name of the event could give some people the wrong idea.Participants actually stay in a hotel，not an outdoor camp.But it definitely is an intensive (集中的) course of physical training.If you want to get into shape fast，Powerhouse Boot Camp is for you.
Cost：$520 for two weeks.
【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了四个度假训练营及其时间、具体的事项、费用等信息。
1．Which camp provides a good chance to learn arts?
A．Lake Idaho Camp.
B．Everwell Forest Camp.
C．Happy Shells Camp.
D．Powerhouse Boot Camp.
B　[细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的“Open to children 8－12 years of age，the camp also offers participants the chance to try various arts and crafts，including painting，pottery，and woodwork.”可知，该夏令营对8－12岁的儿童开放，还为参与者提供了尝试各种艺术和手工艺的机会，包括绘画、陶器和木制品。故选B项。]
2．How much will participants pay if they go to protect sea turtles?
A．$150. B．$260.
C．$360. D．$400.
C　[细节理解题。根据第三个小标题下的“When：3 weeks in August”，“Participants will help to build protective fences around the nests of sea turtles which come to the beaches during the summer to lay their eggs.”，“Cost：$120 per week to cover food and hotel.”可知，参加者去保护海龟的周期是三个星期，每个星期花费120美元，所以三个星期总共花费360美元。故选C项。]
3．What can campers do in Powerhouse Boot Camp?
A．Camp outside the city.
B．Take exercise in a hotel.
C．Sail and swim in the lake.
D．Enjoy the sun on the beach.
B　[推理判断题。根据最后一个小标题下的“Participants actually stay in a hotel，not an outdoor camp.But it definitely is an intensive (集中的) course of physical training.If you want to get into shape fast，Powerhouse Boot Camp is for you.”可知，参与者实际上住在酒店，而不是户外营地。但这绝对是一个密集的体育训练课程。如果你想快速强身健体，Powerhouse Boot训练营是为你准备的。由此可推知，在Powerhouse Boot训练营参与者在酒店里锻炼身体。故选B项。]
B
I know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call，when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds，something wonderful is about to happen.
Spring cleaning.
I'll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion (概念) for modern families to grasp.Today's busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher，much less clean the doormat.Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi­Fi.It interrupts the natural order.
“Honey，what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs，sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow？” I say.
“Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over？” my husband answers.
But I tell my family，spring cleaning can't wait.The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start.Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground，but there is no lawn to seed，nor garden to tend.Newly wakened from our winter's hibernation (冬眠)，yet still needing extra blankets at night，we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean！”．
Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light，which has to do with melatonin，the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it's dark.When spring's light comes，the melatonin diminishes，and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty，virus­filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.
I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring's arrival.
I speak to them about life's greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub，which hasn't been properly cleaned since the first snowfall.
“I'll do it，” says the eldest child，a 21­year­old college student who lives at home.
“You will？Wow！” I exclaim.
Maybe after all these years，he's finally grasped the concept.Maybe he's expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model.Or maybe he's going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he's being nice to me who is the financial­aid officer.
No matter.Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12­year­old brother who，instead of working，is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning.
“Awake and be clean！” I say.
【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述的是春季家庭大扫除的重要性和进行大扫除的科学原因。
4．According to the passage，“...spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp” means that spring cleaning ．
A．is no longer an easy practice to understand
B．is no longer part of modern family life
C．requires more family members to be involved
D．calls for more complicated skills and knowledge
B　[词句猜测题。根据后文“It interrupts the natural order”可知，这打扰了自然顺序，说明现在已经没有多少家庭保留春季大扫除这个传统做法了。故选B项。]
5．Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?
A．Beating the rugs.
B．Cleaning the window.
C．Restoring Wi­Fi services.
D．Cleaning the backyard.
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi­Fi.”可推知，这里表示让家人进行大扫除就像宣布不再有Wi­Fi了的情况一样困难，并不是表示需要重置Wi­Fi。故选C项。]
6．Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?
A．The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.
B．Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.
C．The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.
D．The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.
D　[细节理解题。根据第七段中“When spring's light comes，the melatonin diminishes，and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty，virus­filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.”可知，褪黑素逐渐减少是我们清醒的原因，表明褪黑素是会变化的，不是一直不变的。故选D项。]
7．Which of the following can best sum up the author's overall reaction to her adult son's positive response to spring cleaning?
A．Surprised and skeptical.
B．Joyful and hesitant.
C．Relieved and optimistic.
D．Optimistic and hesitant.
C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“No matter.Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12­year­old brother”可推知，作者对成年儿子对春季大扫除的积极反应的感觉是如释重负和乐观的。故选C项。]
C
Empathy，namely the ability to understand another person's feelings，is probably one of the most important skills a person might have.Empathy is not just for building and maintaining strong and healthy relationships，but to work more effectively and achieve greater success in life.
Empathy is often acquired beyond verbal language.You can experience empathy by noticing a person's facial expressions and voice.You try to tell when he needs attention，acknowledgement，or an offer of help.You grasp when he wants you to leave and give him space or when he wants you to quietly stand by.Empathy demonstrates you care.
However，having an endless capacity for empathy is dangerous.With empathy，you will feel others' stress，anxiety，and anger.If you let these emotions sit in your body，your mind can be emotionally controlled.Absorbing other people's feelings can make you easily affected by feelings of depression and hopelessness.
In fact，extreme empathy can break the bond of trust that you were hoping to strengthen.When you take on other people's emotions，you may feel responsible for easing their pain.You are driven by a strong desire to fix their problems and interrupt to offer aid.However，your intrusive reaction will make them feel disrespected and less understood.
Non­reactive empathy is especially useful when you feel the desire to jump in and fix people.To acquire non­reactive empathy，you should receive whatever might pass into your mind in a calm way.Notice when emotions begin to arise in your body.Name the emotion and offer what you sense to the person to help him or her better understand the experience.Then you can relax your body and let the emotion fade away.
【语篇解读】　文章对同理心的定义和如何适当使用同理心加以说明。
8．Which is NOT mentioned as the advantage of empathy?
A．Keeping healthy relationships.
B．Working more effectively.
C．Making friends with people.
D．Improving your social status.
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Empathy is not just for building and maintaining strong and healthy relationships，but to work more effectively and achieve greater success in life.”可知，同理心的优势没有提及D项内容，选项D(提高你的社会地位)符合题意，故选D。]
9．When your sister failed an exam and cried，which action shows empathy?
A．Persuading her to stop crying.
B．Accompanying her quietly.
C．Blaming her for her mistakes.
D．Telling her that everything is possible.
B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第三句和第四句“You try to tell when he needs attention，acknowledgement，or an offer of help.You grasp when he wants you to leave and give him space or when he wants you to quietly stand by.”可知，选项A(劝她不要哭)、选项C(责备她的错误)、选项D(告诉她任何事都是可能的)并不符合同理心的表达。选项B(安静地陪着她)符合题意。故选B。]
10．In what way does extreme empathy damage relationships?
A．Absorbing others' feelings.
B．Interrupting to give help.
C．Being sensitive to bad emotions.
D．Letting emotions fade away.
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段第三句和第四句“You are driven by a strong desire to fix their problems and interrupt to offer aid.However，your intrusive reaction will make them feel disrespected and less understood.”可知，打断对方来提供帮助这种极端的同理心会破坏关系。故选B。]
11．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．To introduce a common problem.
B．To add some background information.
C．To provide some advice for readers.
D．To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三、四句“To acquire non­reactive empathy，you should receive whatever might pass into your mind in a calm way.Notice when emotions begin to arise in your body.Name the emotion and offer what you sense to the person to help him or her better understand the experience.”可知，本段是在为读者提出建议。故选C。]
D
British shoppers buy 2.15 million tonnes of clothing and shoes annually，yet UK citizens have an estimated ￡30 billion worth of unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe(衣柜)．But new technology could see the end of that，with the garments themselves giving owners a gentle reminder of their existence.
“Smart clothes” could help us clear out our drawers by sending messages or tweeting us if they haven't been worn for a good while.If these alerts are ignored，the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be reused，with an organization automatically sending out donation information.They could also be programmed to put themselves up for auction(拍卖) on eBay.
Academics at Birmingham City University are developing the “connected wardrobe” to encourage more suitable clothes consumption.The concept sees garments tagged(给……加标签) using washable contactless technology，known as radio­frequency identification.
Mark Brill，senior lecturer at Birmingham City，said：“Think of the surprise when an owner suddenly receives bids for items they didn't know were in their wardrobe”．
“The connected wardrobe is a practical，pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption.Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption.” He added，“Perhaps we can even move away from the idea of ‘ownership’ of clothing.When we've worn them enough，the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper to wear.”
It follows in the footsteps of the “Internet of Things” — a concept that sees ordinary household items connecting to the Internet in order to share information.From adjusting your alarm clock to monitoring the temperature of your home，the Internet is changing the way we live.
Now，the “Internet of Clothes” will see that neglected garments will tweet and text the owners “asking” to be worn depending on the weather and frequency of wear.Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned it previously，as well as how much it originally cost，who made it and how much the worker was paid for it.
【语篇解读】　文章介绍了新型“智能衣服”和“智能衣柜”，而这一科技发明可以帮助人们更好地管理自己的衣服，树立正确的消费观念。
12．What does the author say about “smart clothes”？
A．They have gained in popularity.
B．They may be donated on eBay.
C．They may be recycled if long forgotten.
D．They give warnings if worn out.
C　[细节理解题。由第二段中的“‘Smart clothes’ could help us clear out our drawers by sending messages or tweeting us if they haven't been worn for a good while.If these alerts are ignored，the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be reused，with an organization automatically sending out donation information.”可知，关于“智能衣服”，如果它们长期被遗忘，它们可能会被(服装慈善机构)回收利用。故选C项。]
13．How does Mark Brill find the “connected wardrobe”？
A．It changes people's shopping habits.
B．It helps people buy cheaper clothes.
C．It improves consumers' confidence.
D．It contributes to right consumption attitudes.
D　[细节理解题。由第五段“‘The connected wardrobe is a practical，pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption.Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption.’ He added，“Perhaps we can even move away from the idea of ‘ownership’ of clothing.When we've worn them enough，the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper to wear.”可知Mark Brill认为智能衣柜是一个实用、愉悦的概念，它鼓励人们思考自己的服装消费和更合适的时尚消费，说明智能衣柜有助于人们树立正确的消费态度。故选D项。]
14．What is indicated in the last two paragraphs?
A．Clothes are sold online at a low price.
B．Internet is a platform to share items.
C．Clothes can be a source of information.
D．Weather affects the connected wardrobe.
C　[推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned it previously，as well as how much it originally cost，who made it and how much the worker was paid for it.”，可知智能衣服会记录一些信息，说明衣服可以是信息的来源。故选C项。]
15．What's the author's attitude to the new technology?
A．Approving.　　　　　　 B．Skeptical.
C．Critical. D．Uninterested.
A　[推理判断题。由第一段“British shoppers buy 2.15 million tonnes of clothing and shoes annually，yet UK citizens have an estimated ￡30 billion worth of unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe(衣柜)．But new technology could see the end of that，with the garments themselves giving owners a gentle reminder of their existence.”，可知英国公民有价值300亿英镑的未使用过的服装在衣柜后面积满灰尘，这是很浪费的，作者认为新技术会改变这一现象，说明作者对新技术是赞成的(Approving)。故选A项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
As parents，we must teach our children the importance and value of honesty from an early age.However，teaching our children to be honest isn't the same as teaching them to tie their shoes. 16 Otherwise，they'll prefer to lie in order to avoid being punished.
17 Lying in order to receive objects or attention are two main ones.Another one is to avoid punishment — parents should be careful with this one.Being too strict can result in children's lying more often.
When should we start teaching them the difference between lies and the truth？Children under the age of 3 don't have the ability to understand the importance of values.As soon as they turn 3，however，it's important for parents to watch carefully.It isn't enough for parents to teach.We must also observe our child's behavior. 18
Rewarding children can be a great motivation for their learning. 19 This will help create a trustful environment within the family.At the same time，we shouldn't let our children hear us lying.Parents are the models that their children follow，and therefore a lot will depend on a parent's behavior.
As our children grow up，it's important to teach them the value of honesty. 20 It's important for them to realize that telling lies prevents us from helping them in the most appropriate way.
A．Let them understand the value of telling the truth.
B．Even if we're honest，our children may not be honest.
C．This will allow us to find out what makes the child lie.
D．We can't correct children's behavior through punishment.
E．They will start to link honesty with something positive.
F．Specialists in child psychology have listed the reasons why children lie.
G．Punishment and anger don't always work when trying to stop children from lying.
【语篇解读】　文章论述了作为父母，要从孩子小时候就要教育他们诚实的重要性。
16．D　[根据下文“Otherwise，they'll prefer to lie in order to avoid being punished.”可知，D项切题，其中“punishment”与下文中的“punished”是同根词复现。故选D。]
17．F　[根据下文“Lying in order to receive objects or attention are two main ones.Another one is to avoid punishment — parents should be careful with this one.”可知，孩子说谎的主要原因是为了得到东西或引起注意以及逃避惩罚，F项切题；下文中提到的儿童撒谎的原因是对F项中“the reasons why children lie”的具体说明。故选F。]
18．C　[根据上文“We must also observe our child's behavior.”可知，父母除了教育孩子不要撒谎之外，还必须观察孩子的行为，C项切题，其中“this”指代上文中的“observe our child's behavior”，C项是承接上文的话题。故选C。]
19．E　[根据上文“Rewarding children can be a great motivation for their learning.”可知，奖励孩子可以成为他们学习的一大动力；E项切题；上文中的“rewarding children”是原因，E项中“link honesty with something positive”是结果。故选E。]
20．A　[根据上文“As our children grow up，it's important to teach them the value of honesty.”可知，随着孩子们的成长，教育他们诚实的价值是很重要的，A项切题，其中“the value of telling the truth”与上文中的“the value of honesty”语义相同。故选A。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
It is well­known that all the world is a stage and all the men and women are merely players. 21 ，now one homeless dog in the Turkish city of Izmit seems determined to perform on that stage as well.It is surprising but heart­warming.
When the dog made his 22 during an outdoor performance being given by a local theatrical troupe(剧团)，he wasn't 23 applause.It seems that Numan Ertugrul Uzunsoy's acting of an injured man was so 24 that the dog believed the actor was actually hurt and in need of 25 ．
As Uzunsoy lay on the ground 26 a fall from a horse，the dog came up to him and 27 began to lick his face and neck.It took a few seconds for Uzunsoy to 28 what was happening.“I felt warmth on my face.At first，I thought another performer was 29 me，” Uzunsoy said.“I was very 30 when I felt the dog's kisses...I was very glad.He wanted to help me.It was a very emotional and surprising moment for me.I was not 31 it.”
While the audience and cast members were obviously amused by the dog and didn't mind the 32 ，the dog was led off stage later.Uzunsoy continued his character and the 33 went on.The dog did not 34 around to take his curtain call(谢幕)．However，since the good dog was known to frequent the area where the performance took place，dog­loving Uzunsoy was 35 that he would see his unintentional costar again.
【语篇解读】　文章讲述的是一个剧团在户外表演时一只流浪狗登上舞台，当狗看到假装从马上摔下来的Uzunsoy时，认为真受伤了，所以去舔躺在地上的演员，以示安慰，Uzunsoy很受感动，但狗没谢幕就跑了。然而，因为这只好狗经常出现在演出的地方，爱狗的Uzunsoy相信他会再次见到他无意中的搭档。
21．A.Besides　　　　　　 B．Therefore
C．However D．Otherwise
C　[根据空前后“It is well­known that all the world is a stage and all the men and women are merely players. ，now one homeless dog in the Turkish city of Izmit seems determined to perform on that stage as well.”可知，前后是一种转折关系。故选C。]
22．A.deal B．appointment
C．assumption D．entrance
D　[根据空前后“When the dog made his during an outdoor performance being given”可知，此处指狗“出场”表演。故选D。]
23．A.breaking in B．seeking for
C．taking on D．cutting down
B　[根据空前后“he wasn't applause.”可知，此处指狗出场表演不是为了“掌声”。故选B。]
24．A.explicit B．amusing
C．abnormal D．realistic
D　[根据空前“acting of an injured man was so that the dog believed the actor was actually hurt”可知，此处指表演“逼真”。故选D。]
25．A.guidance B．applause
C．comfort D．medicine
C　[根据空前的“the dog believed the actor was actually hurt and in need of ．”以及下文可知，此处指受伤的人需要“安慰”。故选C。]
26．A.pretending B．considering
C．resisting D．crashing
A　[根据上文的“an outdoor performance”和空后“a fall from a horse”可知，此处指Uzunsoy“假装”摔下马。故选A。]
27．A.gently B．violently
C．casually D．unwillingly
A　[根据空后的“began to lick his face and neck.”及Uzunsoy说的话“I felt warmth on my face”“I was very glad”可知，此处指狗“温柔地”去舔。故选A。]
28．A.explain B．admit
C．predict D．realize
D　[根据下文“I felt warmth on my face.”可知，躺在地上的Uzunsoy“意识到”了什么。故选D。]
29．A.freezing B．approaching
C．bothering D．conveying
B　[根据空前后“At first，I thought another performer was me”可知，此处指“靠近”Uzunsoy。故选B。]
30．A.annoyed B．touched
C．embarrassed D．ashamed
B　[根据空后的“when I felt the dog's kisses...I was very glad.”可知，此处指Uzunsoy因狗亲吻而“受感动”。故选B。]
31．A.appreciating B．clarifying
C．expecting D．accepting
C　[根据前文“It was a very emotional and surprising moment for me.”可知，此处指Uzunsoy以前“未料到”。故选C。]
32．A.interruption B．attention
C．outcome D．arrangement
A　[根据空前的“obviously amused by the dog and didn't mind the ，”可知，此处指不介意被狗“打断”。故选A。]
33．A.rescue B．joke
C．performance D．visit
C　[根据空后的“went on”可知，此处指“表演”继续进行。故选C。]
34．A.spin B．wait
C．undertake D．perform
B　[根据上文“the dog was led off stage”和“The dog did not around to take his curtain call(谢幕)．”可知，此处指狗没有“等待”谢幕。故选B。]
35．A.astonished B．evident
C．desperate D．convinced
D　[根据下文“he would see his unintentional costar again.”可知，此处指Uzunsoy“确信”再见到那只狗。故选D。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
As an essential part and the largest organ of our body，the skin has many important functions.It acts as 36.________ barrier，helps control your temperature and gives you your sense of touch.Therefore，37.________(get)burnt can lead to very serious injuries，38.________ need first aid in time.
During the Renaissance，new ideas and values slowly replaced old ones in the Middle Ages.A few famous painters built upon some innovations 39.________(produce)some of the greatest works that Europe had ever seen.Kings，40.________(noble)and people of high rank were fond of 41.________(reality)pictures of themselves and the people they loved.
Forming good habits is very important，especially for teenagers.That's because bad habits，if 42.________(leave)unchecked，will have a bad effect on our adult life.Thus 43.________ is essential to prevent harmful habits dominating our life.We must examine our bad habits and try to adapt them.There is plenty of time for us to change bad habits.44.________，there is no easy way that will help us.We have to think about them and decide 45.________ some changes.
【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述了三个事情，皮肤的重要性，文艺复兴时期绘画作品和养成良好习惯的重要性。
36．a　[考查冠词。句意：它就像一个屏障，帮助你控制体温，给你触觉。分析句子可知，设空处后的名词barrier为可数名词单数，此处指“一个”应用不定冠词，并且barrier以辅音音素开头，故填a。]
37．getting　[考查动名词。句意：因此，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害，需要及时的急救。分析句子可知，设空处作主语，应用get的动名词形式，根据句意，故填getting。]
38．which　[考查定语从句连词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，“ need first aid in time”为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词，关系词指代先行词“injuries”在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。]
39．to produce　[考查不定式。句意：一些著名的画家在一些创新的基础上创作出了一些欧洲有史以来最伟大的作品。分析句子可知，设空处为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表目的，应用不定式。故填to produce。]
40．nobles　[考查名词的数。句意：国王、贵族和上层人士都喜欢自己和他们所爱之人的写实照片。分析句子可知，设空处和Kings，people of high rank共同作主语，应用名词，noble“贵族”为可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填nobles。]
41．realistic　[考查词性转换。句意：同上。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词pictures，应用reality的形容词形式作定语，realistic“现实的”符合语境。故填realistic。]
42．left　[考查过去分词。句意：这是因为，如果不加以控制，坏习惯会对我们的成年生活产生不良影响。分析句子可知，设空处和if构成状语，和逻辑主语bad habits之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填left。]
43．it　[考查代词。句意：因此，有必要防止不良习惯支配我们的生活。分析句子可知，设空处为形式主语，代替后面的不定式，故填it。]
44．However　[考查副词。句意：然而，没有一种简单的方法可以帮助我们。分析句子可知，设空处位于句首，修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词，和上文构成转折关系，故填However。]
45．on　[考查固定短语。句意：我们必须考虑它们，并决定做出一些改变。短语decide on，意为“做出决定”，根据句意，故填on。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是明启高中的学生李华。你校将举行一次演讲比赛，主题为我心目中的英雄。请你结合具体事例写一份80词的演讲稿，阐述你心目中真正的英雄。









【参考范文】
In my heart，a hero must be a man who is helpful and brave in daily life.My father is such a person，who is always ready to help.
Last summer，our family was on vacation at the beach.My father was watching my brother and me when a woman alerted him that two children in the deeper water appeared to be in danger.Hearing this，he immediately swam to the struggling kids.After doing his best to rescue the two kids successfully，my father got tired and exhausted.My father set a good example for us，and his spirit will always inspire us to move on.
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve，73­year­old George selected his food carefully.Skim milk was $2.99，white bread 89 cents with a 10­cent discount.Leaving the cashier，he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today.
At the exit，the wind reminded him of his gloves.“Where are they？” Not in the coat pockets.Not in the grocery bag either.He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store.He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat.George made a second thorough search of all his pockets，again including the grocery bag.Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.
Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount，for just $35.00 ten years ago.They were soft and warm and very durable.He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves，so they looked like new.Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.
George，calm on the outside but nervous inside，re­entered the store.He followed the same route he had walked before，starting at the bread counter，to the milk section，the corner where salt and sugar were placed，then the rest of the store.Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain.He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves，but they said no.Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves，but only received the same answer.His heart grew heavier.
“Society has changed；people have changed，” he murmured to himself.“Years ago，if somebody picked up something lost，they would give it back.Now a good action is lost.”
Yet he did not give up hope.He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his.The first two persons he saw did wear gloves，but one was women's and the other not black.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly，he found a man looking like a lawyer，wearing black leather gloves.







During the whole holiday，he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.






【参考范文】
Suddenly，he found a man looking like a lawyer，wearing black leather gloves.Abrupt as it might seem，George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his，but there came a disappointing answer.On second thought，he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store.He had no other alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found.Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.
During the whole holiday，he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.After all，in deep winter，he could not do without gloves.Finally poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves.With the last ray of hope，he stepped into the store again.No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost.After examining them carefully，he was wild with joy，expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.