(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle (含解析)

UNIT 2 Healthy Lifestyle

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

One of the easiest ways to stop the spread of disease is to simply wash your hands. Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can reduce many kinds of 1. ________ (illness)．

However, many children do not have good handwashing habits. One problem is 2. ________ they do not wash their hands often enough or long enough. 3. ________ (solve) this problem, two entrepreneurs (企业家) from India created a product called the SoaPen, which 4. ________(design) to teach kids good handwashing habits.

5. ________ the name suggests, the SoaPen is a pen made of soap. Children can draw on their hands with the soap pen and then wash it off. If they do not spend enough time 6. ________ (wash) it off, the colours will remain on their hands. This is very 7. ________ (help) in a classroom, because a teacher does not often have the time to make sure that each child has washed their hands 8. ________ (proper)．

The product could really have a great effect 9. ________ public health. It is reported that 1.5 million children die each year as a result of diarrhea(痢疾), 10. ________ good handwashing can reduce that number by 40 percent.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度两名企业家研制了一种叫作SoaPen的新型香皂，让孩子们能够在玩耍中愉快地洗手。

1. illnesses　考查名词。illness为可数名词，many kinds of之后用名词的复数形式。

2. that　考查表语从句。that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分，没有实际意义，但不可以省略。

3. To solve　考查动词不定式。To solve this problem 在句中作目的状语。

4. is designed　考查时态和语态。be designed to do sth.为固定结构，意为“旨在做某事”。此处表示目的、意图，不强调动作，故用一般现在时。

5. As　考查定语从句。as引导定语从句，意为“正如”。

6. washing　考查固定搭配。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“花时间做某事”。

7. helpful　考查形容词。is为系动词，后接形容词，help的形容词形式为helpful。

8. properly　考查副词。修饰动词wash应用副词，故此处用proper的副词形式properly。

9. on　考查固定搭配。have a great effect on为固定短语，意为“对……有很大影响”。

10. but　考查连词。结合语境可知，句子前后为转折关系，故此处用but。

B

In his book, Intentional Living: Choosing a Life That Matters, author John C. Maxwell shares that back in 1976, he received a gift from one of his 1. ________ (assist). As he unwrapped the gift, he saw that it was a book 2. ________ (name) The Greatest Story Ever Told. He couldn't wait 3. ________ (read) it.

But when he opened the book, he was 4. ________ (astonish) to see that the pages were blank. Inside the book was 5. ________ note that said, “John, your life is before you. Fill these pages with kind acts and good thoughts of your heart. Write a great story about your life.” The intention of writing the story of his life excited him. Then, he 6. ________ (begin) to write his book.

Every day we live out our story through our words, actions and decisions. But we must remember to live with intention to focus on what 7. ________ (matter) most in life and to regain that focus when we get changed. Without intention, we can become unfocused in things 8. ________ needn't add to a life of significance and difference in our world.

Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, 9. ________ we need reminders in our life from friends, authors, bloggers, pastors or our inner spirits to refocus on the things that matter and make us live 10. ________ (positive)．

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以作家约翰·C.麦斯威尔写作的故事为引子，告诉人们要关注生活中那些重要的事情，而且要有生活的目标，这样才能积极地生活。

1. assistants　考查名词的单复数。 根据形容词性物主代词his可知，此处应填名词，又根据“one of＋可数名词的复数形式”结构可知，此处应填复数形式，故填assistants。

2. named　考查非谓语动词。 分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作名词book的后置定语，且name与book之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填named。

3. to read　考查固定搭配。can't wait to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫不及待地做某事”，故填to read。

4. astonished　考查形容词。 设空处在系动词was后作表语，应用形容词。本句的主语是人，设空处形容主语的状态，应用astonished，表示“(感到)惊讶的”，故填astonished。

5. a　考查冠词。 note作“短笺，便条”讲时，为可数名词，此处泛指一个便条，应用不定冠词，note以辅音音素开头，故填a。

6. began　考查时态。 文章讲的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，故填began。

7. matters　考查时态和主谓一致。 分析句子成分可知，此处what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示单数概念，所以谓语动词应用单数形式；此处陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，故填matters。

8. that/which　考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为things，指物，故应用that或which引导该从句。

9. so　考查连词。根据句意可知，设空处前后为因果关系，故填so。

10. positively　考查副词。设空处修饰动词live，应用副词，故填positively。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 这位年轻的作家下定决心在这个月底完成他的作品。(make up one's mind)

The young writer made_up_his_mind_to_finish_his_work by the end of this month.

2. 刚被引入市场时，这些产品就取得了巨大的成功。(状语从句的省略结构)

When_first_introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

3. 骑自行车上班的优点是我们可以过一种低碳生活。(that引导表语从句)

The advantage of cycling to work is that_we_can_live_a_low­carbon_life.

4. 给我一次机会，我决不会辜负您的期望。(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句)

Give_me_a_chance,_and I'll live up to your expectations.

5．专心于画画，约翰没有注意到夜晚已经降临。(absorb)

Absorbed_in_painting,John didn't notice evening approaching.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

If you shower every day, you're probably overdoing it. In fact, showering too often can actually hurt your body in the long run.

As Time's public health column explains, daily showers are common due to social norms more than any proper health need. We connect being freshly showered with being attractive and pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.

But what's the ideal shower frequency?  In terms of your health — not how you look or smell — probably once or twice a week, assistant professor of dermatology at George Washington University, Dr C. Brandon Mitchell says. “Your body is naturally a well­oiled machine，” he says. “A daily shower isn't necessary.”

Of course, your situation may vary. If you have a job like car maintenance or construction, you'll obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you work out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be smelly. If you feel like you need to take daily showers for aesthetic(审美的) reasons,  at least make most of them light showers. “I tell patients who shower daily not to soap their whole bodies，” Mitchell says. “Hit your pits, butt and groin, which are the areas that produce strong smells. The rest of your body doesn't need much soaping.”

Too much time spent under the hot water can dry out your skin,  cause cracks (裂纹) that can lead to infections or germs getting into your skin,  and take away the natural oils on your skin that help keep it healthy. So, even if you're aiming to be your most presentable, be sure to keep it moderate to avoid hurting your skin in the long run.

1. According to the passage,  why do most people shower daily?

A. To meet health need.

B. To wash off dirt.

C. To add to attraction.

D. To get relaxation.

2. Which of the following people might be advised to shower once or twice a week?

A. Office staff.

B. Car maintainers.

C. Building workers.

D. Gym­goers.

3. The underlined phrase “light showers” in Paragraph 4 refers to the showers in which ________.

A. bright lights are equipped

B. a little soaping is involved

C. gentle skin touches are allowed

D. less hot water is used

4. What is the best title for the text?

A. Showering Daily Becomes a Custom

B. Daily Shower Does No Good to You

C. Protect Your Skin When Showering

D. You Probably Needn't Shower Daily

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了从长远来看， 每天淋浴对身体有害。如果不是从事每天身上都会沾污垢或每天都出很多汗的工作， 普通人一周洗一两次淋浴就足够了。

1. C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We connect being freshly showered with being attractive and pleasing,  so we tend to showering often to feel better.”可知， 大多数人每天淋浴是为了增加吸引力。

2. A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If you have a job like car maintenance or ... but you'll still be smelly.”可知，那些从事每天身上都会沾污垢或每天都出很多汗的工作的人， 才需要每天淋浴， B、C和D的工作都属于这些类型， A项“办公室职员”不是， 故选A。

3. B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I tell patients who shower daily not to soap ... need much soaping”可知， “light showers”指的是只在一些部位涂肥皂， 而不需要全身涂抹太多肥皂。

4. D　标题归纳题。本文主要讲了从长远来看， 每天淋浴对身体有害。如果不是从事每天身上都会沾污垢或每天都出很多汗的工作， 普通人一周洗一两次淋浴就足够了。所以这篇文章最佳的标题是D项(你可能不需要每天淋浴)。

B

(2021·全国重点中学模拟)Michael Surrell was the last person who should have run into a burning building — his lungs didn't function well and were worse recently. But that didn't stop him.

He had just parked around the corner from his house when he smelled something smoky, and was worrying that his car didn't work well. At the moment, an urgent call from Alice, his eldest girl, got that across. Shocked and anxious, he then went to the house next door immediately. “Eight­year­old Tiara Roberts is still on the second floor！” one of the women cried. Though the firemen had been called and were on the way, Surrell, then 60, who once experienced such a situation and knew its urgency, ran inside without hesitation. The thick smoke made him almost impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous for anyone, but for Surrell, they were more serious and life­threatening.

After a few minutes in the smoke­filled house, he came out to catch his breath. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. Because the house had a similar design to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor. His throat and lungs burned as if he had breathed in fire. The smoke hurt his eyes so that his vision was poorer. Then a soft but clear painful sound could be heard. Still unable to see, Surrell threw himself onto the hot wood floor. He crawled(爬) toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched a shoe, and then an ankle. She wasn't breathing. He held her into his arms and stood. He felt the heat of the flames on his cheeks, fought through the burning wood and made their way outside. Surrell put Tiara down on the porch and one neighbour carried out first aid. She coughed and opened her eyes at last.

Tiara survived the fire safely. However, Surrell took extra medication that helped open his airways. “It's a small price to pay，” he said. “I'd do it again in a heartbeat.”

5. How did Michael Surrell know the fire?

A. He smelled the smoke in the distance.

B. His daughter telephoned to tell him.

C. He heard the call from a woman.

D. He saw the firemen on the way.

6. Why were the conditions more dangerous for Surrell?

A. Because he was old.

B. Because he had lung disease.

C. Because his vision was poor.

D. Because he lacked experience.

7. Which word can describe Surrell's first attempt?

A. Useless. B. Successful.

C. Hopeless. D. Surprising.

8. What can be learnt about Surrell while he was saving Tiara?

A. His cheeks were hurt by flames.

B. He lost the way to the second floor.

C. He took pains to confirm the girl's position.

D. His first aid knowledge helped save the girl.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。邻居家发生了火灾，患有肺病的60岁的Michael Surrell冒着生命危险奋不顾身地冲进火海救出了8岁女孩Tiara，Surrell的英勇行为值得歌颂。

5. B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When he smelled something smoky, and was worrying that his car didn't work well. At the moment, an urgent call from Alice, his eldest girl, got that across.”以及后面对Surrell去火灾现场的描述可知，Surrell闻到了烟味，但不知道是从哪里传来的，接到大女儿的电话后他明白了原因：邻居家着火了。故选B。

6. B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Michael Surrell was the last person who should have run into a burning building — his lungs didn't function well and were worse recently.”以及第二段中的“The thick smoke made him almost impossible to breathe. The conditions ... more serious and life­threatening.”可知，Surrell患有肺病，浓烟会让他呼吸更困难，他是最不该冲进火海的人，故B项符合题意。

7. A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“After a few minutes in the smoke­filled house, he came out to catch his breath.”可知，进入失火的房子几分钟后，Surrell跑出来喘气。因此，第一次救人的尝试是徒劳的。useless“无用的，无效的，无价值的”符合题意。

8. C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Then a soft but clear painful sound could be heard. Still unable to see, Surrell threw himself onto the hot wood floor. He crawled (爬) toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl.”可知，Surrell扑倒在很烫的木板上匍匐前行，搜寻着女孩，故C项正确。

Ⅱ. 七选五

Fishing is a great family sport，and a fun summertime activity.  　1　. If you have never fished before, it can seem very complicated. Expert fishers know when and where to find certain fish and the best technique to catch each fish. Expert knowledge comes from years of experience.　2　.

As a beginner you will want to use a technique called “Bait (鱼饵) Fishing”. This type of fishing is probably the easiest technique for catching fish. You will need some basic fishing equipment，which you can get at almost any outdoor gear store. You will have to have a rod and fishing line, hooks, some bait and if you are planning on keeping the fish, you will need something to store the fish.

The best way to learn how to fish is to learn from someone who already knows, so when planning your fishing trip, be sure to bring along someone who has fished before. 　3　， you will need to decide where to go fishing. Probably for the first time you will want to go to a local lake, where the water is calm and there are plenty of fish. You should also try to research the different types of fish that live in the place you decide to fish, so you know what types of bait they like to eat and what you want to do with the fish once you have caught it.

　4　， you probably want to clean the fish，then store it before continuing fishing. If you want to release the fish，be extra careful when removing the hook，so it doesn't get hurt too badly, then gently hold the fish in the water and allow it to swim away out of your hands.

　5　. Take some time to learn from an expert and you will be able to catch all types of fish using a wide variety of methods.

A. If you want to keep the fish

B. After you have decided to go fishing

C. Once your hook and bait is in the water

D. Now you have a very basic understanding of fishing

E. There are many different species of fish and types of fishing

F. Here are a few simple and basic fishing tips to get you started

G. At this point you will need to determine if you want to keep the fish

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些简单而基本的钓鱼技巧。

1. E　根据前句“钓鱼是一项很棒的家庭运动，也是一项有趣的夏季活动”和后句“如果你从来没有钓过鱼，这看起来会很复杂”可知，选项E切题。故选E。

2. F　根据前句“专业知识来自多年的经验”以及后文分段陈述钓鱼的技巧可知，F项“下面是一些简单而基本的让你开始钓鱼的技巧，”承接上句同时也统领下文。所以F项切题。故选F。

3. B　根据后半句“你需要决定去哪里钓鱼”可知，B项“在你决定去钓鱼之后”和后半句构成时间上的先后关系。所以B项切题 。故选B。

4. A　根据后句“你可能需要清洗这条鱼，然后在继续钓鱼之前储存起来”可知A选项“如果你想保留这些鱼”是下半句的“条件”。同时也和第二句话“如果你想把鱼放出来，在卸鱼钩的时候要格外小心，这样鱼就不会受到太大的伤害，然后轻轻地把鱼放在水里，让它从你的手中游走”构成平行并列关系。所以A项切题。故选A。

5. D　根据后句“花些时间向专家学习，你将能够用各种各样的方法捕捉各种类型的鱼”和对上文的综合分析可知，D选项既是对上文的总结也和下句构成并列补充关系，所以D项切题。故选D。

Ⅲ. 应用文写作

(2020·山东名校联考)假定你是李华，得知外国笔友David将于暑假期间来中国学习功夫。请根据以下提示，用英语给他写一封邮件。内容包括：

1. 表示欢迎；

2. 提几点建议；

3. 祝学习顺利。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【参考范文】

Dear David，

Welcome to China. I'm delighted to hear you're coming to learn Chinese kung fu. I'd like to offer you some advice.

Chinese kung fu has been popular all over the world, but learners have to practise it again and again to master it. I suggest you watch some videos on the Internet to make good preparations before coming to China. Also, you should buy special shoes and clothes made in Chinese style. They are comfortable to wear when you are learning kung fu.

Hopefully, your kung fu study will go well.

Yours，

Li Hua