新疆喀什市普通高中2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份新疆喀什市普通高中2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共22页。

喀什市普通高中2021-2022学年第一学期期末考试试卷
高一年级外语
（时间120分钟, 满分150分）
考生须知: 1.本试卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
2.本卷由试题卷和答题卷两部分组成, 其中试题卷共10页, 答题卷共2页。要求在答题卷上答题, 在试题卷上答题无效。
3.答题前, 请先在答题卷上认真填写准考证号、姓名、考场号、班级、学校和座位号。要求字迹工整、笔迹清楚。
4.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
第 I 卷（选择题）
一、 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to our school. You can do a lot of things here. Come and join us.
Timetable
Sunday 8:30 — 11:30
Personal Inventions
You can see many inventions by the students; you may also bring your own inventions.
Monday 19:00 — 21:00
Space and Man
Dr. Thomas West
If you want to know more about the universe.
Wednesday 19:30 — 21:00
Modern Medicine
Mrs. Lucy Green
Would you like to know medical science?
Friday 18:30 — 21:00
Computer Science
Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University(哈佛大学)
Learn to use Windows XP.
1. You may have a chance to introduce your inventions on ________.
A. Sunday B. Monday
C. Wednesday D. Friday
2. You may learn something about an illness called TB from ________.
A. Dr. West B. Mr. Morison
C. Mrs. Green D. Mr. Thomas
3. If you want to learn about satellites(卫星), you can go to the class from ________.
A. 8:30 to 11:30 on Sunday B. 19:00 to 21:00 on Monday
C. 19:30 to 21:00 on Wednesday D. 18:30 to 21:00 on Friday
B
Earthquakes strike suddenly at any time of the day or night, but there's no way to tell when. If an earthquake happens, it may cause many deaths, injuries and damage. So you need a good preparation ahead of time. Decide how and where your family will get together if separated. Choose an out­of­state friend or relative that the family members can call after the quake to report where they are and how they are. Know the safe places in each room: under the strong tables, desks, or against inside walls. Keep enough food, water and other things, including a flashlight, a radio, medicines and clothing.
During the earthquake, you should keep a clear head and never be too nervous to know what to do. Protect your head and neck with your arms. If possible, take a book, a pillow or any other things to protect yourself from falling glass and ruins. If you are indoors, you must immediately lie under any strong furniture. If outdoors, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, walls or power-poles. If you are in a narrow valley, move to the centre of it and look up for falling stones. If you are in a car, move to the side of the road and stop the car. Do not stop near buildings, power lines or on or under bridges. Stay in your car until the shaking stops.
Do not move a badly injured person unless he is in great danger after the earthquake. Do not use the telephone immediately unless there is a serious injury or fire. Turn on your radio for instructions and news reports. Be prepared for aftershocks. If you want to leave your home, post a message inside your home telling your family members where you can be found.
4. To prepare for an earthquake, we should make sure of ________.
A. when an earthquake may happen
B. the place where we can find our family
C. how to receive instructions and news reports
D. the money with which we can buy food and water
5. If we are driving when an earthquake happens, we should ________.
A. find a strong building to hide in
B. leave the car as soon as possible
C. go on driving quickly to leave the area
D. move to the side of the road and stop there
6. From the passage, we know that during an earthquake ________.
A. we should keep calm and know what to do clearly
B. the trees and walls can protect us if we are outdoors
C. we should protect our necks with a pillow or a book
D. falling glass can be used to help us
7. After an earthquake, we should ________.
A. move an injured person quickly
B. use the telephone immediately
C. turn on the TV to get news reports
D. leave a message before leaving home
C
As an old saying in China goes, “The days of the Sanjiu period are the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period”, which is in Minor Cold, refers to the third nine-day period(the l9th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice(冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.
Eating hotpot
During Minor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauce. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.
Eating huangyacai
In Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.
Eating glutinous rice(糯米饭)
According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.
Eating vegetable rice
In ancient times, people in Nanjing took Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is unspeakably delicious. Among the ingredients(原料), aijiaohuang(a kind of green vegetable), sausages and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.
8. What do we know about Minor Cold?
A. It refers to the Winter Solstice.
B. The Sanjiu period is in this period.
C. It lasts twenty-seven days.
D. It marks the first day of winter.
9. What is a special custom in Tianjin in Minor Cold？
A. Eating hotpot. B. Having vitamin A and B pills.
C. Having huangyacai. D. Buying cabbage.
10. How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?
A. They fry and toast it.
B. They eat it for dinner.
C. They mix it with many other things.
D. They steam it with soy sauce.
11. This text may be taken from the ________ column(栏目) of a newspaper.
A. travel B. culture C. fashion D. science
D
When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings. Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn't a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn't you ever wonder what you're really like ? Well, you now have that girl's opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn't change(like being very thin), but a good number I could — and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “That's just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true, you'll find it will be of help to you.”
Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don't shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do. Daddy's advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I've never had a better piece of advice.
12. What did the father do after he had heard his daughter's complaint?
A. He agreed with her “enemy”.
B. he let her continue to put up with her “enemy”.
C. He told her not to pay attention to what her “enemy” had said.
D. He told her to write down all her “enemy” had said about her.
13. What does “Week by week her list grew” mean?
A. Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.
B. She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.
C. I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.
D. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious.
14. Why did her father listen to her quietly?
A. Because he believed that what her daughter's “enemy" said was mostly true.
B. Because he had been so angry with her daughter and wanted to keep silent.
C. Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.
D. Because he was not quite sure which girl was telling the truths.
15. Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?
A. Not an Enemy, but the Best Friend
B. My Father
C. The Best Advice I've Ever Had
D. My Childhood
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Playing sports offers you more than just physical benefits(好处). ___16___ The benefits are the same whether or not you're good at sports. If you are not good enough to play competitively on a school team, you can play sports with your friends.
Making new friends.
Playing sports enables you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed. ___17___ You play together happily and gradually know each other. Many times, the friendships you create on the field remain strong when you are not playing sports.
Understanding the value of health.
Taking part in sports improves your health in many ways. ___18___ This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels. Thus, playing sports can lead to better eating habits and prevent you from becoming too fat.
Building team spirit.
Sports provide children with the important lesson of learning how to work in a team. ___19___ By working together they will learn each other's strengths and weaknesses and will be better able to decide and work out the best plan for the team. This will without doubt help them in their future lives and jobs as well.
___20___
Playing sports requires a lot of time and energy. Some may think this would take students' attention away from schoolwork. However, the opposite is true. Sports require memorization, repetition and learning — skills that are directly relevant(有关的) to schoolwork.
A. Doing better in your studies.
B. Everyone has to work together to achieve the goal.
C. To be a good athlete, you must take care of yourself.
D. Sports can help you in your study and fit in with society as well.
E. Sports bring teens together from different schools and backgrounds.
二、完形填空（共20小题, 每小题 1.5 分, 共 30 分）
A US bus driver is being praised for the way she helped a passenger get some needed assistance. In October, bus driver Natalie Barnes started ___21___ with a passenger named Richard. He told her he had been ___22___ for a week, since there was a big fire in the place where he had been living and his house was ___23___.
When he asked if he could ___24___ along for the night to stay out of the ___25___, she agreed. “At some point in our lives, everybody needs ___26___,” Barnes said, “I want to do what I could to help Richard in some way.” At one point during her shift, she took a ___27___, at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and ___28___ to get her passenger something to eat. Richard was ___29___ “Now I don't know what to say but to say thank you,” he said to Barnes and promised to ___30___ her back somehow.
She ___31___, saying, “I want to help you.” But one act of kindness wasn't ___32___ for Barnes. During another break, she turned to a friend for help, who helped get Richard into temporary ___33___.
Barnes and Richard became ___34___ during that six-hour bus ride. Now he has her cellphone number, and they keep in ___35___.
Helping others comes second nature for Barnes, who has received lots of praise for ___36___ service since she worked in the MCTS two years ago. She ___37___ takes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches on the bus to share with people in ___38___.
In fact, Barnes did what we all need to do to ___39___ homelessness: to look out for each other, to ___40___ each other and to work together.
21. A. playing B. talking C. competing D. debating
22. A. homeless B. careless C. hopeful D. helpful
23. A. set up B. cleaned up C. broken into D. burned down
24. A. drive B. walk C. ride D. work
25. A. moon B. sun C. air D. cold
26. A. rest B. help C. food D. medicine
27. A. break B. look C. risk D. chance
28. A. planned B. failed C. offered D. remembered
29. A. satisfied B. concerned C. confused D. moved
30. A. take B. pay C. call D. turn
31. A. refused B. accepted C. stopped D. agreed
32. A. suitable B. important C. special D. enough
33. A. schools B. space C. housing D. cars
34. A. visitors B. classmates C. friends D. co-workers
35. A. touch B. mind C. check D. line
36. A. excellent B. interesting C. grateful D. peaceful
37. A. gradually B. usually C. finally D. actually
38. A. need B. public C. order D. sight
39. A. research B. challenge C. ignore D. fight
40. A. care for B. look for C. ask for D. stand for
第 II 卷（非选择题部分）
三、单句语法填空（共 10 空, 每空 1.5 分, 共 15 分）
41. She prefers to do exercise rather than go on ________ diet to keep slim.
a
考查冠词。句意：她宁愿做运动也不愿通过节食来保持苗条。结合句意表示“节食”可知短语为go on a diet。故填a。
42. Lang Ping, ________ was born on December 10, 1960 in Tianjin, brought honour and glory to our country.
who
考查定语从句关系词。句意：郎平，1960年12月10日出生于天津，为我们的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Lang Ping，指人，在从句中作主语，因而用who引导。故填who。
43. His friend has suffered ________ lung cancer for years.
from
考查固定短语。句意：他的朋友患肺癌已有多年了。“suffer from+疾病”，固定短语，意为“患有……”。故填from。
44. She wonders how to make a good first ________ (impress).
impression
考查名词。句意：她想知道如何给人留下良好的第一印象。作宾语，应用名词impression，不定冠词提示用单数。故填impression。
45. ________ (obvious), they were world champions.
Obviously
考查副词。句意：显然，他们是世界冠军。修饰后文整个句子应用副词obviously，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Obviously。
46. We should use what we have learned to do our own thinking, instead of pretending ________ (know) all knowledge.
to know
考查动词不定式作宾语以及固定短语。句意：我们应该使用我们所学的进行独立思考，而不是假装通晓所有的知识。pretend to do sth.是固定短语，意为“假装做某事”，know在这里作非谓语动词，使用动词不定式，故填to know。
47. People in modern times can read the classic works ________ (write) by Chinese in ancient times.
written
考查非谓语动词。句意：现代人可以读到中国人在古代写的经典作品。分析句子结构可知write在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the classic works构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填written。
48. My dad and I are both looking forward to ________ (go) to the Beijing history museum.
going
考查非谓语动词。句意：我爸爸和我都期待着去北京历史博物馆。look forward to “期待”，to为介词，所以后面接动名词作宾语。故填going。
49. She gave a series of ________ (lecture) on modern poetry at The University of Manchester.
lectures
考查名词单复数。句意：她在曼彻斯特大学做了一系列关于现代诗歌的讲座。a series of表示“一系列”，后接可数名词的复数形式，lecture是可数名词，复数形式是lectures。故填lectures。
50. What measures are being ________ (take) to help them?
taken
考查语态。句意：哪些措施正在被采取去帮助他们？take与主语measures之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，空前已经出现are being，空处填写动词的过去分词形式即可。故填taken。
四、单句改错（共10小题, 每小题1分, 共10分）
51. He usually got up at six in the morning.
52. I'm so confident I can get used to senior high school life.
53. Tom slept until ten in the morning and was late with work.
54. Although I'm 16 years old, but my father still treats me as a careless child.
55. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.
56. This is the most beautiful scenery which I have ever seen.
57. Basing on different conditions, other schools might have different rules.
58. That's where the spirit in a sport lies: respect teammates, coaches and competitor.
59. There was a small earthquake. I was not really frightening.
60. My advisor recommended that I chose the suitable courses.
五、书面表达 （满分25分）
假如你叫李华，你的朋友Jenny来信向你询问如何保持健康。请你给她发一封e-mail提出建议。内容如下：
1. 注意合理饮食；2. 保证充足睡眠；3. 坚持锻炼身体，多参加体育活动。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头不计入总词数。
Dear Jenny:
How nice to hear from you! In your letter you asked me how to keep healthy. I would like to give your some advice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
###########################################
1. A 2. C 3. B
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了学校里的一些课程，包括具体时间和课程内容。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Sunday 8:30 — 11:30”和“You can see many inventions by the students; you may also bring your own inventions.”可知，这一关于发明的课程是在周日进行的。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三部分中“Modern Medicine”和“Mrs. Lucy Green”可知，关于现代医学的这一课程是由Green女士带来的。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Monday 19:00 — 21:00”和“Space and Man”可知，这一课程主要介绍宇宙方面的知识，适合想要了解卫星的人参加。故选B项。

4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们在地震前、地震中和地震后应该做的事情。
4. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Decide how and where your family will get together if separated.”（如果你的家人分开了，决定如何和在哪里团聚）可知，要提前确定地震后家人会合的地点，故选B。
5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If you are in a car, move to the side of the road and stop the car.”（如果你在车里，移到路边，让车停下来）可知，如果发生地震时你在开车，要把车开到路边停下，故选D。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During the earthquake, you should keep a clear head and never be too nervous to know what to do.”（地震时，你应该保持清醒的头脑，永远不要太紧张而不知道该做什么）可知，地震时，要保持头脑冷静，不能因为太紧张而不知所措，故选A。
7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If you want to leave your home, post a message inside your home telling your family members where you can be found.”（如果你想离开家，在家里留言告诉你的家人在哪里可以找到你）可知，地震后，在离开家之前，要留下信息告诉家人去哪里能找到你，故选D。

8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国的不同地区与小寒节气有关的习俗。
8. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Sanjiu period’, which is in Minor Cold”可知，三九在小寒节气内，故B项正确。
9. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold.”可知，天津人在小寒节气里吃黄芽菜，故C项正确。
10. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.”可知，广东人会在糯米饭里加一些腊肉、香肠和花生，故C项正确。
11. 文章出处题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.”可知，本文介绍了在中国与小寒节气有关的习俗，属于文化范畴，最有可能出自报纸的文化栏目，故B项正确。

12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C
这是一篇记叙文。本文主要叙述了当作者遇见一个专门找自己错误的敌人，父亲建议作者找出对方所说缺点中正确的部分，并改正这些错误。这个建议对作者的成长有很大的作用。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段的Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.可知，作者的父亲建议她列出别人所说出她的缺点，并且只注意那些正确的事。D. He told her to write down all her “enemy” had said about her.（他让她列出“敌人”对她的所有评价）符合以上说法，故选D项。
13. 词义猜测题。根据第一段的Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn't a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could.（随着一周周地过去，她的清单变长了：我太瘦了，我不是一个好学生，我讲太多话，我太骄傲等。我尽量听着。）可知，划线部分的意思是：随着一周周地过去，她发现了我越来越多的缺点，并且告诉我。A. Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.（随着一周周地过去，她发现了我越来越多的缺点，并且告诉我。）符合以上说法，故选A项。
14. 推理判断题。根据第二段的He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn't you ever wonder what you're really like?”（父亲只是静静地听着。然后他问，“她说的事情是对的还是错的？难道你不想知道真实的你是什么样子吗？”）由此推测，父亲认为对方的说法大部分是正确的。A. Because he believed that what her daughter's “enemy” said was mostly true.（因为他认为女儿敌人所说的大部分是对的）符合以上说法，故选A项。
15. 主旨大意题。作者在本文中叙述了自己遇见了一个专门找我错误的“敌人”。父亲建议我找出对方所说内容中正确的部分，并加以改正。根据文章最后一句In my life, I've never had a better piece of advice.在我的一生中，我从来没有得到过比这更好的建议。可知，C. The Best Advice I've Ever Had（我曾经得到的最好的建议）与全文中一致，可作为本文标题，故选C项。

16. D 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. A
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述体育运动可以帮助你的学习和适应社会，介绍了参加体育运动的好处。
16. 根据前文“Playing sports offers you more than just physical benefits(好处).（运动给你带来的不仅仅是身体上的好处）”可知，运动不仅仅会带来身体上的好处，还会有其他方面的益处。由此可知，D项“运动可以帮助你学习，也可以帮助你适应社会”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
17. 根据小标题“Making new friends.（结交新朋友）”以及前文“Playing sports enables you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed.（运动可以让你建立友谊，否则你可能无法建立友谊）”可知，本段主要讲述运动能够让你结交新朋友。由此可知，E项“体育运动将来自不同学校和背景的青少年聚集在一起”符合语境。故选E。
18. 根据后文“This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels.（这让你思考吃什么，如何对待你的身体，以达到最高的表现水平）”可知，this应用指的是照顾好自己。由此可知，C项“要成为一名优秀的运动员，你必须照顾好自己”符合语境。故选C。
19. 根据后文“By working together they will learn each other's strengths and weaknesses and will be better able to decide and work out the best plan for the team.（通过合作，他们将了解彼此的优缺点，并能够更好地为团队制定最佳计划）”可知，本段主要讲述运动能够帮助你增强团队精神。由此可知，B项“为了实现这个目标，每个人都必须共同努力”符合语境。后文中的working together是B项中work together的复现，B项的these goal指的是团队合作精神的建立。故选B。
20. 根据后文“Sports require memorization, repetition and learning — skills that are directly relevant(有关的) to schoolwork.（运动需要记忆、重复和学习——这些技能与学校作业直接相关）”可知，本段主要讲述了运动能够帮助你学习。由此可知，A项“在学习上做得更好”适合作本段的小标题。故选A。

21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. A
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一位无家可归的乘客请求待在公交车上躲避车外的寒冷，司机娜塔莉·巴恩斯同意了，并且尽最大努力帮助这个无家可归的人。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：10月，公交车司机娜塔莉·巴恩斯开始与一位名叫理查德的乘客交谈。A. playing玩耍；B. talking谈话；C. competing比赛；D. debating辩论。根据后文“He told her”可知二人开始交谈。故选B。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她他已经无家可归一个星期了，因为他住的地方发生了一场大火，他的房子被烧毁了。A. homeless无家可归的；B. careless粗心的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. helpful有用的。根据下文“since there was a big fire in the place where he had been living”可知，这位乘客居住的房子着了一场大火，由此推知，他的房子烧毁了，他是一个无家可归的人。故选A。
23. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉她他已经无家可归一个星期了，因为他住的地方发生了一场大火，他的房子被烧毁了。A. set up设立，建立；B. cleaned up清理；C. broken into闯入，破门而入；D. burned down烧毁。根据前文“there was a big fire in the place where he had been living”可知，此处指房子被烧毁了。故选D。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他问她是否可以乘一晚上的车以避寒时，她同意了。A. drive驾驶；B. walk走，步行；C. ride骑，乘；D. work工作。根据下文“during that six-hour bus ride”可知，此处指是否可以乘一晚上的车。故选C。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他问她是否可以乘一晚上的车以避寒时，她同意了。A. moon月亮；B. sun太阳；C. air空气；D. cold冷。根据上文中的“In October”并结合常识可知，外面天气寒冷。故选D。
26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴恩斯说：“在我们生活的某个时刻，每个人都需要帮助。”A. rest休息；B. help帮助；C. food食物；D. medicine药物。根据后文“I want to do what I could to help Richard in some way.”可知指的是每个人都有需要帮助的时刻。故选B。
27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在威斯康辛大学密尔沃基分校的一次换班期间，她休息了一下，并主动给她的乘客拿点吃的。A. break间断，休息；B. look看；C. risk冒险；D. chance机会。句中的“At one point during her shift”以及下文中的“During another break”可知，此处指在轮班时，巴恩斯休息了一下。take a break：休息。故选A。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在威斯康辛大学密尔沃基分校的一次换班期间，她休息了一下，并主动给她的乘客拿点吃的。A. planned计划；B. failed失败；C. offered提供；D. remembered记得。根据后文“to get her passenger something to eat”指给乘客提供吃的，应用offer。故选C。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：理查德被感动了。“现在我不知道该说什么了，只能说谢谢你，”他对巴恩斯说，并承诺会把钱还给她。A. satisfied满意的；B. concerned关心的；C. confused疑惑的；D. moved感动的。根据下文中的“Now I don't know what to say but to say thank you”可知，理查德很感动。故选D。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：理查德被感动了。“现在我不知道该说什么了，只能说谢谢你，”他对巴恩斯说，并承诺会把钱还给她。A. take拿，取；B. pay赔，付；C. call打电话，叫；D. turn转变。根据上文可知，对于巴恩斯帮助，理查德很感激，承诺会还她钱。故选B。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，说：“我想帮助你。”A. refused拒绝；B. accepted接受；C. stopped停止；D. agreed同意。根据后文“I want to help you.”可知她拒绝了对方要还钱的行为。故选A。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对巴恩斯来说，一次善举是不够的。A. suitable合适的；B. important 重要的；C. special 特殊的；D. enough 足够的。根据下文“During another break, she turned to a friend for help, who helped get Richard into temporary”可知，一个善举是不够的，她又提供了其他帮助。故选D。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在另一次休假期间，她向一位朋友寻求帮助，这位朋友帮理查德搬进了临时住所。A. schools学校；B. space空间，太空；C. housing房屋，住宅；D. cars汽车。根据前文理查德房子烧毁了，无家可归的细节可知，巴恩斯向朋友求助，她的朋友帮助理查德找了一个临时的住所。故选C。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴尼斯和理查德在六小时的车程中成为了朋友。A. visitors参观者，访问者；B. classmates同学；C. friends朋友；D. co-workers合作伙伴。根据前文巴恩斯向理查德提供帮助的细节及下文“Now he has her cellphone number, and they keep in”可知，他们在这六个小时的车程中逐渐成为了好朋友。故选C。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他有了她的手机号码，他们一直保持联系。A. touch接触，轻按（按钮）；B. mind理智，精神；C. check支票，检验；D. line路线，绳。根据上文“Now he has her cellphone number, and they keep in”及语境可知，此处指他们保持联系。keep in touch保持联系。故选A。
36. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人是巴恩斯的第二天性，自从她两年前在MCTS工作以来，她的出色服务获得了很多好评。 A. excellent优秀的；B. interesting有趣的；C. grateful感谢的，感激的；D. peaceful和平的。根据前文“Helping others comes second nature for Barnes”及巴恩斯帮助人们的细节可知，此处指她的出色服务获得了很多好评。故选A。
37. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她通常在公共汽车上带着花生酱和果冻三明治，与有需要的人分享。A. gradually逐渐地，逐步地；B. usually通常；C. finally最终地；D. actually实际上，事实上。根据上文中的“Helping others comes as second nature to Barnes”可知，巴恩斯乐于助人，她经常带花生酱、果冻三明治和人们分享。故选B。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她通常在公共汽车上带着花生酱和果冻三明治，与有需要的人分享。A. need需要；B. public公共场合；C. order指示，命令，订购；D. sight视力，景象。根据前文巴恩斯经常帮助别人的细节可知，此处是in need意为：有需要的，在穷困中的。故选A。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，巴恩斯做了我们所有人都需要做的与无家可归作斗争的事：互相照顾，互相关心，共同努力。A. research研究；B. challenge挑战；C. ignore不理睬，忽视；D. fight与……作斗争，坚决反对。通读全文可知，巴恩斯所做的是我们所有人在与无家可归作斗争时需要做的。故选D。
40. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，巴恩斯做了我们所有人都需要做的与无家可归作斗争的事：互相照顾，互相关心，共同努力。A. care for关心；B. look for寻找；C. ask for询问；D. stand for代表。根据上文“to look out for each other”此处指互相照顾，互相关心。故选A。

51. got→gets
52. confident后添加that
53. with→for
54. 去掉but
55. the→a
56. which→that
57. Basing→Based
58. competitor→competitors
59. frightening→frightened
60. chose→choose
51. 考查时态。句意：他通常早上六点起床。根据usually可知用一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填got改为gets。
52. 考查状语从句。句意：我很自信我能适应高中生活。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”句型为so…that…。故填confident后添加that。
53. 考查介词。句意：汤姆一直睡到早上十点，上班迟到了。表示“上班迟到”短语为be late for work。故填with改为for。
54. 考查连词。句意：虽然我16岁了，我的父亲仍然把我当作一个粗心的孩子。although引导让步状语从句时，不与but连用。故去掉but。
55. 考查冠词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我喜欢看动画片，但是无论我要求看多少次，我的父母都不让我看。泛指一个孩子且kid此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填the改为a。
56. 考查定语从句。句意：这是我见过的最美丽的风景。定语从句中，先行词scenery由形容词最高级修饰，只能用that引导。故填which改为that。
57. 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据不同的情况，其他学校可能会有不同的规则。短语be based on，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填Basing改为Based。
58. 考查名词的数。句意：这就是体育运动的精神所在：尊重队友、教练和竞争对手。competitor为可数名词，根据上文respect teammates, coaches and可知应用复数形式。故填competitor改为competitors。
59. 考查形容词。句意：有一个小地震，我不是真的害怕。修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词frightened，作表语。故填frightening改为frightened。
60. 考查虚拟语气。句意：我的导师推荐我选择合适的课程。recommend后跟宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用（should）+动词原形，should可以省略。故填chose改为choose。

Dear Jenny:
How nice to hear from you! In your letter you asked me how to keep healthy. I would like to give your some advice.
As you know, food is very important to us teenagers. Since we grow very fast, we need nutritious food very much, such as fresh vegetables, fruits, fish and meat. I think you'd better not eat food with much sugar or fat.And you should get plenty of sleep. It is necessary for you to have at least 8 hours of sleep every day. Also, you should take physical exercise regularly. It will be good for your health. Only in this way can you keep fit.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
这是一篇应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，给朋友一些保持健康的意见。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：依据提示，时态应该为一般现在时
结构：总分总
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
nutritious food（营养的食物）; fresh vegetables; had better not do sth.（最好不要做某事）；get plenty of sleep; at least 8 hours of sleep; take physical exercise.
第三步：连词成句
1. Since we grow very fast, we need nutritious food very much, such as fresh vegetables, fruits, fish and meat.
2. I think you'd better not eat food with much sugar or fat.
3. You should get plenty of sleep.
4. It is necessary for you to have at least 8 hours of sleep every day.
5. You should take physical exercise regularly.
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：修改润色
连句成篇时常使用的衔接词：
1. 表文章结构顺序：first of all，firstly/first，secondly/second… and then，finally，in the end，at last。
2. 表并列补充关系：what is more，besides，moreover，furthermore，in addition，as well as，not only…but(also)，including。
3. 表转折对比关系：however，on the contrary，but，although+clause（从句），in spite of+n/doing，on the one hand…，on the other hand… some…，while others…，as for，so…that… 。
4. 表因果关系：because，as，so，thus，therefore，as a result。