辽宁省沈阳市第一七O中学2021-2022学年高二上学期教学质量检测英语试卷含解析

这是一份辽宁省沈阳市第一七O中学2021-2022学年高二上学期教学质量检测英语试卷含解析，共17页。
“Sunday Mrning” hnred the creative, inspiring and newswrthy men and wmen wh passed away in 2020, wh’d tuched ur lives in unfrgettable ways.
Pain and srrw — the calling cards f 2020. “Lean n Me” by Bill Withers prvided us reassurance(保证) that tmrrw may be better. Althugh Withers left us at 81, his ntes f cmfrt helped during a year that wasn’t even a mnth ld befre grief was already setting in.
The death f 41-year-ld Kbe Bryant, alng with his 13-year-ld daughter and seven thers because f an air crash, astnished everyne-basketball fans r nt.
“My mmma always said life was like a bx f chclates. Yu never knw what yu’re ging t get”. COVID was certainly the bx we all wished we never gt. But Winstn Grm, wh created Frrest Gump, reminded us thrugh that character that challenges exist, t be vercme.
Dignity fr Black Americans remained an unfinished struggle in 2020. The deaths f Gerge Flyd, Ahmaud Arbery and Brenna Taylr-just t name a few-restarted a mvement fr equality and justice nt seen since the 1960s.
Gender equality lst sme f its superheres, t. Helen Reddy, wh was inspired t retire after “I Am Wman” became her mst ppular sng in 1974, ffered the sundtrack fr the fight that she herself engaged in. But there were few champins fr wmen as influential as Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. In her 27 years n the Supreme Curt, she expanded rights fr wmen as well as men. Small in stature(个子), a giant fr us all. The nly thing tugher than Justice Ginsburg was the cancer that tk her at age 87.
While the sun isn’t ut just yet, the hpe is that it’s just ver the hrizn.
1. What did Winstn Grm want t tell us thrugh Frrest Gump?
A. Frrest Gump had a bx f chclates.
B. A persn’s character determines his fate.
C. We didn’t expect t get Cvid-19 in 2020.
D. We are living thrugh difficulties in ur life.
2. Wh died f a serius disease?
A. Kbe Bryant.B. Frest Gump.
C. Gerge Flyd.D. Ruth Bader Ginsburg.
3. What can be learned abut Helen Reddy?
A. She was a racist.B. She died frm an accident.
C. She was a musician.D. She didn’t retire until her death.
B
Zhang Ying, 23, culd have been a news hst after fur years studying bradcasting and talk shw hsting at the university. S culd Du Xintng. Instead f just becming talking heads n TV, they decided t use their knwledge t help millins f children with speech disrder t find their wn vices. They c-funded Vice Changer, which ffers language rehabilitatin(复原) fr teenagers in China thrugh nline and in-persn service platfrms.
Accrding t Zhang, each child needs t finish at least ne three-mnth curse, which cnsists f three 40-minute sessins a week. The length f the verall training prgram is dependent n each child's cnditin upn their evaluatin.
“When we are teaching in-persn curses, the parents cannt accmpany their children. The children may feel a bit nervus in a strange envirnment, but they sn get used t it and start t enjy the training,” she says.
They als launched a mini prgram n WeChat that prvides nline services fr families f children with speech disrders-parents can uplad their child’s infrmatin and recrdings t the self-testing tl and get a reprt. As well as nline speech therapy(治疗), there are als nline curses fr parents, including guidance fr speech therapy at hme.
“We insist that parents shuld accmpany their children when taking nline curses as they need t play the rle f bth teaching assistant and desk mate,” she says.
There are nly 10,000 speech therapists in China, many f whm are nt full-time. Unlike cmmn vlunteer wrk, t be a speech therapist vlunteer, cmplex training is required befre services can be ffered.
“Speech therapy is a cmplex subject which requires knwledge, including training in educatin, psychlgy, linguistics and s n,” Zhang says, adding that their team has develped a training system fr the vlunteers t grw int prfessinal speech therapists. They prefer t emply cllege students majring in related subjects. such as bradcasting, linguistics, Chinese languages and literature r special educatin.
4. What is Zhang Ying’s ccupatin nw?
A. A news hst.B. A speech therapist.
C. A psychlgist.D. A cllege student.
5. What can we learn abut Vice Changer’s prgrams?
A. Each lasts three mnths.B. They are intended fr teens.
C. Parents’ cmpany is a must.D. They vary frm persn t persn.
6. What are parents required t d in nline curses?
A. T help their children learn better.
B. T have sme knwledge f psychlgy.
C. T leave their children alne withut interrupting.
D. T uplad their children’s infrmatin t a therapist.
7. Why are there limited speech therapists in China?
A. Because speech therapy is a new industry.
B. Because being a speech therapist is demanding.
C. Because students majring in related subjects are few.
D. Because peple dn’t want t take it as a full-time jb.
C
The sudden death f the 23-year-ld female emplyee f Pindudu has sparked a heated debate, with many criticizing the verwrk culture. Three experiences share their views. Excerpts (节选) fllw:
Labr laws cmpatible(兼容的) with digital era needed
This case shuld inspire sciety t reflect n hw t better prtect emplyees’ rights in the digital era. The relevant clauses in the Labr Law cannt be specifically applied t charge internet cmpanies suspected f vilating labrers’ rights and interests.
The blurring(模糊) f the line between scial and ecnmic activities in the digital era makes it difficult t define fixed wrking hurs.
Lawmakers shuld find ut the new factrs affecting labr relatins due t the rapid develpment f internet and cmmunicatins technlgy. This can pave the way fr law-making n wrking hurs in the digital era. “996” wrking schedule is against labr laws.
Mre than ne year ag, it was shcking t hear e-cmmerce tycns(巨头) Liu Qiangdng and Jack Ma publicly supprt the “996” wrking schedule t push their emplyees t wrk harder. A grwing number f cmpanies have been using different methds t exercise ever-increasing cntrl ver their emplyees.
T crrect the situatin, it is vital that the cuntry bring in specific law n internet enterprises, especially in terms f labr cntracts and wrk schedules, and make it clear that the “996” wrking schedule is illegal.
Death due t verwrk needs legally definitin
Wrk pressure and lng wrking hurs can seriusly affect wrkers’ physical and mental health, making them mre easily hurt by ccupatinal and stress-related diseases.
But it is difficult t prve that a persn dies f verwrk. Only a persn wh dies at the wrkplace r f a sudden illness within 48 hurs f getting ff wrk is cnsidered a victim f wrk.
China shuld issue guidelines explaining in detail what leads t death due t verwrk.
8. What d the three experts agree n?
A. The Labr Law in China is nn-effective.
B. It is difficult t define fixed wrking hurs.
C. Supervisin n cmpanies shuld be tightened.
D. Imprvement shuld be made t the current laws.
9. Why des the expert mentin Liu Qiangdng?
A. T highlight the mdels f e-cmmerce.
B. T intrduce tycns’ attitudes t verwrk.
C. T cnfirm their effrts t prtect emplyees.
D. T express disagreement n “996” wrking schedule.
10. What des the underlined exercise mean in the text?
A. T make smebdy anxius.
B. T d sprts r ther physical activities.
C. T use yur pwer t achieve smething.
D. T test r make experimental use f smething.
11. Wh can be cnsidered a victim f wrk?
A. Smene dies n his way t ffice.
B. Smene dies f a heart attack in his ffice.
C. Smene dies three days after wrk.
D. Smene dies after wrk withut symptms.
D
We’ve gt t d a better jb f stpping glbal warming, a new reprt says.
The reprt, released Wednesday by the United Natins, says the wrld isn’t ding nearly enugh t cntrl fssil fuel prductin t the level that’s needed t stp “catastrphic” levels f glbal warming, pinting fingers at bth develped cuntries and develping cuntries.
Hwever, develping cuntries currently cannt sustain(维持) themselves, let alne grw, withut relying heavily n fssil fuels. T them, fssil fuels are still the cheapest, mst reliable energy resurces available. India, fr example, is hme t ne-third f the wrld’s 1.2 billin citizens living in pverty. That’s 400 millin peple in ne cuntry withut sufficient fd r shelter. India hpes t shift t renewable energy as its ecnmy grws, but the investment needed t meet its renewable energy gals “is ver ten times the cuntry’s annual spending n agriculture and infrastructure(基础设施).” Unless smething changes, develping cuntries like India cannt fight climate change.
Yet the weather changes and cnsequences f glbal warming, like tns f drughts and pverty are already impacting ecnmic grwth in many cuntries. Is there a slutin?
Accrding t a Wrld Bank reprt, “pr and middle-incme cuntries accunt fr just ver half f ttal carbn emissins.” And this percentage will nly rise as develping cuntries grw. In Sub-Sabaran Africa, the number f peple living in pverty increased by 98% in the thirty years, while carbn dixide n average decreased by 17%. Given the current energy situatin, if sub-Saharan Africans are t escape extreme pverty, they will have t increase their carbn use unless develped cuntries step in t ffer clean alternatives and financial aid.
After all, glbal warming is, by definitin, a glbal crisis. Reducing this threat will require glbal cperatin and glbal slutins.
12. What des the writer want t cnvey in paragraph three?
A. India has difficulty in feeding itself.
B. India has the largest number f pverty.
C. India cannt affrd t develp clean energy.
D. India relies heavier n fssil fuels than USA
13. What will happen t develping cuntries withut freign aid?
A. They’ll be rid f extreme pverty.
B. They’ll stp develping ecnmy.
C. They’ll care much fr carbn emissins.
D. They’ll pursue ecnmic grwth at heavy cst.
14. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. Pverty is the rt f glbal warming.
B. Huge gap des exist between cuntries.
C. Develping cuntries cannt affrd glbal warming.
D. Glbal warming demands glbal effrt and slutins.
15. What may be talked abut in the fllwing paragraphs?
A. Cnflicts between cuntries.B. Ways f glbal cperatin.
C. Ptential crises n the earth.D. The imprtance f clean alternatives.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Chinese New Year kicks ff n February 12th with a 16-day festival celebrating China’s mst imprtant hliday. ___16___? The answer dates back centuries.
The hliday riginated with the Chinese lunar calendar, which is why yu'll ften hear it als referred t as Lunar New Year. Accrding t Histry.cm, the calendar’s existence dates back as early as the 14th century, B.C. during the Shang Dynasty. Unlike the Western calendar, ___17___. It was reset each time a new emperr tk cntrl. Because it is ften set accrding t bth lunar phases and the slar slstices(夏至), the kick-ff t Chinese New Year varies annually
On average, Chinese New Year starts with the arrival f the new mn that ccurs smetime between the end f January and the end f February. It lasts until the Festival f Lanterns, which is when the full mn is in place. ___18___, which gives everyne plenty f time fr celebratin. Dn’t miss the Chinese New Year celebratins we can all celebrate.
Traditinally, red envelpes cntaining mney are gifted during the Lunar New Year celebratins, a custm that ges back t ancient times. Hwever, ___19___. Accrding t the University f Califrnia, Irvine, ne ppular surce is the legend f a yung rphan wh, during the Sung Dynasty, wn a battle against a huge mnster terrrizing the village f Chain-Chieu. As a reward, the village elders gave the child a red envelpe full f mney. Whatever the reasn, the red envelpe is part f Chinese New Year t this day. Find ut mre abut why red is the clr f the Chinese New Year.
Firecrackers are anther big part f Chinese New Year, and ___20___. A fairy, disguised as an elderly man, saved a twn frm a terrible mnster by thrwing bamb sticks int a bnfire. The explsins prduced by the bamb scared ff the mnster. As a result, the firecrackers set ff during Chinese New Year celebratins prevent the evil spirits f the past.
A. the Chinese calendar shifts
B. a writer shared the stry behind this practice
C. Hw did it becme such an imprtant event
D. it is hard t tell which is true
E. This can take abut 16 days
F. Hw d Chinese celebrate this festival
G. the rigin f this traditin varies depending n wh yu ask
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
It was in the eighth grade at the time that we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next t me ___21___ smething, but I didn’t understand. S I ___22___ her way and fund ut that she was trying t ask me if I had a/an ___23___ pen. She shwed me that hers was ut f ___24___ and wuld nt write. I happened t have ne, s I tk it ut f my pencil bx and put it n her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been ___25___ the teacher asked me t stay in the rm when all the ther students were ___26___. As sn as we were alne she began t talk t me abut what it meant t ___27___; she talked abut hw imprtant it was t stand n yur wn tw feet and be ___28___ fr yur wn acts. Fr a lng time, she talked abut hnesty and ___29___ the fact that when peple d smething dishnest, they are really ___30___ themselves. She made me prmise that I wuld think ___31___ abut all the things she had said. I walked ut f the rm wndering why she had ___32___ t talk t me abut all thse things.
Later n, I fund ut that she thught I had cheated n the test. I tried t explain abut the pen, but all ___33___ she culd say was it seemed very strange t her that I hadn’t talked f anything abut the pen the day she talked t me ___34___ after the test. Even if I tried t explain that I was just ding the girl ___35___ by letting her use my pen, I am sure she cntinued t believe that I had cheated n the test.
21. A. sbbedB. shutedC. whisperedD. cried
22. A. leaned verB. set asideC. turned backD. apprved f
23. A. preciusB. extraC. newD. red
24. A. inkB. wrkC. reachD. petrl
25. A. cut upB. cut utC. turned inD. turned ff
26. A. dismissedB. firedC. trappedD. questined
27. A. pick upB. grw upC. take ffD. fade away
28. A. dubtfulB. respnsibleC. helpfulD. ready
29. A. sharedB. stressedC. discveredD. cllected
30. A. rebuildingB. decratingC. cheatingD. annying
31. A. awfullyB. seriuslyC. cheerfullyD. psitively
32. A. pretendedB. meantC. managedD. chsen
33. A. whatB. thatC. whichD. whse
34. A. everB. rightC. everD. well
35. A. a dutyB. a jbC. a serviceD. a favr
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Munt Vesuvius is an active vlcan lcated just east f Naples, Italy. It is the nly vlcan n the cntinent f Eurpe that ___36___ (erupt) in the last ne hundred years, thugh ther vlcanes have erupted n islands in the Mediterranean Sea. Vesuvius’s earliest ___37___ (recrd) eruptin is nw its mst famus. In the year A.D. 79, ___38___ little r n warning, Vesuvius erupted and cmpletely buried the ancient city f Pmpeii. Fr tw days the muntain sht ___39___ (vlcan) material int the air, spreading ___40___ blanket f ash ver the landscape. Pmpeii, lcated seven kilmeters frm the vlcan, ___41___ (bury) under five meters f ash. The destructin was s cmplete that it was nt until sixteen hundred years later ___42___ the city was discvered. Evidence f the religin, culture, and everyday life f the Pmpeiians, all ___43___ (leave) behind in the sudden panic f the vlcan’s catastrphe, are ___44___ (remarkable) well preserved. And everywhere there are ____45____ (remind) f its sudden eruptin and the shadw f Vesuvius. Even the frms f the citizens remain. Their bdies lie much as they did n the day f their death almst twenty centuries ag.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校学生会准备举行一次“读书月”活动。请你根据下面的提示，用英语写一则书面通知，并号召大家积极参与。
1. 活动目的：丰富校园生活，开阔学生视野，提高学生阅读水平；
2. 活动内容：每人至少读三本书，内容不限，并写一篇读后感（impressins f after­reading），于4月30日前交给学生会；
3. 活动时间：3月6日至4月5日。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear fellw students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Unin
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The little by
A little by selling magazines fr schl walked up t a huse that peple rarely visited. The huse was very ld and shabby and the wner hardly ever came ut. When he did cme ut, he wuld nt say hell t his neighbrs r passers-by but simply just glare at them.
The by kncked n the dr and waited, sweating frm fear f the ld man. The by’s parents tld him t stay away frm the huse, and a lt f the ther neighbrhd children were tld the same thing frm their parents.
Dust fund the by lingering n and hesitating what t d. As he was ready t walk away, the dr slwly pened. “What d yu want?” the ld man said impatiently. The little by was very afraid but he had a quta(份额) t meet fr schl with selling the magazines. S he gt up the curage and said, “Uh, sir, I am selling these magazines and uh, I was wndering if yu wuld like t buy ne frm me.”
The ld man just stared at the by withut a wrd. The by culd see inside the ld man’s huse and saw that he had dg figurines(小雕像) n the fireplace mantle. “D yu cllect dgs?” The little by asked. “Yes, I have many cllectins in my huse. They are my family here and they are all I have.” The by then felt srry fr the man, as it seemed that he was a very lnely sul.
“Well, I d have a magazine here fr cllectrs. It is perfect fr yu. I als have ne abut dgs since yu like dgs s much.” The ld man was ready t clse the dr n the by and said, “N, by. I dn’t need any magazines f any kind, nw gdbye.”
The little by was sad that he was nt ging t make his quta with the sale. He was als sad fr the ld man being s alne in the huse that he wned. The by went hme and then had an idea. He had a little dg figurine that he gt sme years ag frm an aunt. The figurine did nt mean nearly as much t him since he had a real live dg and a large family.
Para 1:
The little by headed back dwn t the ld man’s huse.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
Frm that day n smething changed inside the ld man.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍2020年触动我们的事情。“周日早晨”节目向2020年去世的富于创造力、鼓舞人心、具有新闻价值的人们致敬，他们以令人难忘的方式触动了我们的生活。
1. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But Winstn Grm, wh created Frrest Gump, reminded us thrugh that character that challenges exist, t be vercme.（但《阿甘正传》的编剧温斯顿·格鲁姆通过这个角色提醒我们，挑战是存在的，需要克服。）”可知，温斯顿·格鲁姆想通过《阿甘正传》告诉我们“我们正在经历生活中的困难。”故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“The nly thing tugher than Justice Ginsburg was the cancer that tk her at age 87.（唯一比金斯伯格大法官更艰难的是87岁时的癌症。）”可知，Ruth Bader Ginsburg得了严重疾病。故选D。
3. 推理判断题，根据倒数第二段中“Helen Reddy, wh was inspired t retire after ‘I Am Wman’ became her mst ppular sng in 1974, ffered the sundtrack fr the fight that she herself engaged in.（海伦·雷迪（Helen Reddy）的《我是女人》（I Am Wman）成为她1974年最受欢迎的歌曲后，她受到启发，决定退休。她为自己参与的这场斗争提供了配乐。）”可知，Helen Reddy是一名音乐家。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是语言治疗师张莹与杜欣彤一起创办了Vice Changer，其目的是通过在线和现场服务平台为中国青少年提供语言康复服务。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“They c-funded Vice Changer, which ffers language rehabilitatin(复原) fr teenagers in China thrugh nline and in-persn service platfrms.（他们共同创立了Vice Changer，通过在线和现场服务平台为中国青少年提供语言康复服务。）”可知，张莹由主持人转而开办了提供语言康复服务的Vice Changer，由此可推知张莹现在是一名语言治疗师，故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Accrding t Zhang, each child needs t finish at least ne three-mnth curse, which cnsists f three 40-minute sessins a week. The length f the verall training prgram is dependent n each child’s cnditin upn their evaluatin.（据张老师介绍，每个孩子至少需要完成一个为期三个月的课程，每周有三次，每次40分钟。整个训练计划的时长取决于每个孩子的评估情况。）”可知Vice Changer这个项目的训练计划因人而异，故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第五段““We insist that parents shuld accmpany their children when taking nline curses as they need t play the rle f bth teaching assistant and desk mate,” she says.（她说：“我们坚持认为，孩子上网络课程时，父母应该陪伴在他们身边，因为他们需要同时扮演助教和同桌的角色。”）”由“父母需要在孩子上网课时充当助教和同桌的角色”可推知父母在上网课的时候要帮助孩子更好地学习，故选A项。
4. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike cmmn vlunteer wrk, t be a speech therapist vlunteer, cmplex training is required befre services can be ffered.（与普通的志愿者工作不同，作为一名语言治疗师志愿者，在提供服务之前需要进行复杂的培训。）”可知，中国的言语治疗师有限是因为语言治疗师要求很高。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。拼多多23岁的女员工猝死事件引发了一场激烈的争论，很多人都对过度工作文化提出了批评。三位专家在本文中分享了他们的观点，认为现存的法律还不足以确保职场员工的利益，应加以完善。
1. 细节理解题。根据Labr laws cmpatible(兼容的) with digital era needed中的前三段内容“The relevant clauses in the Labr Law cannt be specifically applied t charge internet cmpanies suspected f vilating labrers' rights and interests.（对于涉嫌侵犯劳动者权益的互联网公司，《劳动法》的相关条款不能具体适用。）”，“The blurring(模糊) f the line between scial and ecnmic activities in the digital era makes it difficult t define fixed wrking hurs.（在数字时代，社会活动和经济活动之间的界限越来越模糊，因此很难定义固定的工作时间。）”，“Lawmakers shuld find ut the new factrs affecting labr relatins due t the rapid develpment f internet and cmmunicatins technlgy. This can pave the way fr law-making n wrking hurs in the digital era. ‘996’ wrking schedule is against labr laws.（由于互联网和通信技术的快速发展，立法者应该找出影响劳动关系的新因素。这可以为数字时代的工作时间立法铺平道路。996工作制是违反劳动法的。）”可知，现存的法律还不足以确保职场员工的利益。由此可知，三位专家都同意的观点是D项“现行法律应加以完善”，故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据Labr laws cmpatible(兼容的) with digital era needed中的第四段“Mre than ne year ag, it was shcking t hear e-cmmerce tycns(巨头) Liu Qiangdng and Jack Ma publicly supprt the “996” wrking schedule t push their emplyees t wrk harder. A grwing number f cmpanies have been using different methds t exercise ever-increasing cntrl ver their emplyees.（一年多前，听到电商巨头刘强东和马云公开支持“996”工作制，以鼓励员工更努力地工作，着实令人震惊。越来越多的公司一直在使用不同的方法来加强对员工的控制。）”结合第三段“‘996’ wrking schedule is against labr laws.（996工作制是违反劳动法的。）”可知，专家们提到刘强东和马云公开支持违反劳动法的996工作制，对此觉得非常震惊，是为了表达对996工作制的反对。故选D项。
3. 词义猜测题。根据Labr laws cmpatible(兼容的) with digital era needed中的第四段“Mre than ne year ag, it was shcking t hear e-cmmerce tycns(巨头) Liu Qiangdng and Jack Ma publicly supprt the “996” wrking schedule t push their emplyees t wrk harder. A grwing number f cmpanies have been using different methds t exercise ever-increasing cntrl ver their emplyees.（一年多前，听到电商巨头刘强东和马云公开支持“996”工作制，以鼓励员工更努力地工作，着实令人震惊。越来越多的公司一直在使用不同的方法来exercise员工的控制。）”中说明企业家支持996工作制是为了“鼓励员工更努力工作”，所以越来越多的公司以不同的方式来“加强/达到”对员工的控制，由此可推知，exercise在句子中的意思是“用你的权力去达成某些事情”。故选C项。
4. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But it is difficult t prve that a persn dies f verwrk. Only a persn wh dies at the wrkplace r f a sudden illness within 48 hurs f getting ff wrk is cnsidered a victim f wrk.（但是很难证明一个人是死于过度工作。只有在下班后48小时内死于工作场所或突发疾病的人才被视为工作受害者。）”可知，B项“在办公室里死于心脏病的人”属于工作受害者，故选B项。
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。现在大多数国家，尤其是发展中国家过多依赖化石燃料发展，各国需要进一步加强合作，共同努力，控制化石燃料的生产，阻止全球变暖。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“India hpes t shift t renewable energy as its ecnmy grws, but the investment needed t meet its renewable energy gals “is ver ten times the cuntry’s annual spending n agriculture and infrastructure(基础设施).”（印度希望随着经济增长转向可再生能源，但实现可再生能源目标所需的投资“是该国每年农业和基础设施支出的十倍多”。）”可知，印度目前是无法投资可再生能源的，也就是印度没有能力发展清洁能源。故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Given the current energy situatin, if sub-Saharan Africans are t escape extreme pverty, they will have t increase their carbn use unless develped cuntries step in t ffer clean alternatives and financial aid.（鉴于目前的能源状况，如果撒哈拉以南非洲国家要摆脱赤贫，就必须增加碳的使用，除非发达国家介入提供清洁的替代品和财政援助。）”可知，在没有国外援助的情况下，如果发展中国家要发展，就会依赖化石燃料，这样会增加碳的使用，加剧全球变暖，也就是他们会在追求经济时付出惨重的代价。故选D。
3. 概括大意题。文章开头“We’ve gt t d a better jb f stpping glbal warming, a new reprt says.（一份新的报告说，我们必须在阻止全球变暖方面做得更好。）”表明了本文有关全球变暖的话题。文章第三段中“Unless smething changes, develping cuntries like India cannt fight climate change.（除非有所改变，否则像印度这样的发展中国家无法应对气候变化。）”着重强调了发展中国家无法应对全球变暖。文章第五段中“Given the current energy situatin, if sub-Saharan Africans are t escape extreme pverty, they will have t increase their carbn use unless develped cuntries step in t ffer clean alternatives and financial aid.（鉴于目前的能源状况，如果撒哈拉以南非洲国家要摆脱赤贫，就必须增加碳的使用，除非发达国家介入提供清洁的替代品和财政援助。）”表明发展中国家需要发达国家的支持，才能在发展经济中减少对碳的使用，减少对全球变暖的影响。所以本文主要就是讲述发展中国家承担不起全球变暖的后果。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。由最后一段“After all, glbal warming is, by definitin, a glbal crisis. Reducing this threat will require glbal cperatin and glbal slutins.（毕竟，根据定义，全球变暖是一场全球危机。减少这一威胁将需要全球合作和全球解决办法。）”可知，既然阻止全球变暖需要全球合作，所以接下来会介绍全球合作的方式，故选B。
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国新年的由来以及一些传统习俗和形成这些习俗背后的故事。
1. 根据下一句“The answer dates back centuries.（答案可以追溯到几个世纪以前。）”可知此处是一个问题，结合上一句“Chinese New Year kicks ff n February 12th with a 16-day festival celebrating China’s mst imprtant hliday.（中国新年从2月12日开始，为期16天的节日庆祝中国最重要的节日。）”可知此处问题应是“它是如何成为如此重要的事件的？”。C项符合文意，故选C项。
2. 根据前一句“Unlike the Western calendar(不像西方日历)”以及下文“It was reset each time a new emperr tk cntrl. Because it is ften set accrding t bth lunar phases and the slar slstices(夏至), the kick-ff t Chinese New Year varies annually（每有新皇帝掌权，它就会重置一次。因为春节通常是根据阴历和冬至来定的，所以春节的开始每年都不一样。）”可知中国的日历会变化，所以A项“中国历法会变化”符合文意，适合承上启下，故选A项。
3. 根据前文“On average, Chinese New Year starts with the arrival f the new mn that ccurs smetime between the end f January and the end f February. It lasts until the Festival f Lanterns, which is when the full mn is in place.（平均来说，中国新年从新月的到来开始，新月出现在1月底和2月底之间的某个时间。它会一直持续到元宵节节，也就是满月就位的时候。）”可知这期间在16天左右，以及下一句“which gives everyne plenty f time fr celebratin.（这样大家就有足够的时间庆祝了。）”中的which指代的是“16天”，所以E项“这可能需要16天。”符合文意，故选E项。
4. 根据转折词hwever，以及下文提到的传说“Accrding t the University f Califrnia, Irvine, ne ppular surce is the legend f a yung rphan wh, during the Sung Dynasty, wn a battle against a huge mnster terrrizing the village f Chain-Chieu. As a reward, the village elders gave the child a red envelpe full f mney.（根据加州大学欧文分校的说法，一个很受欢迎的来源是一个传说，在宋朝，一个年轻的孤儿战胜了一个巨大的怪物恐吓链秋村。作为奖励，村里的长老给了这个孩子一个装满钱的红包。）”可知这个传统的起源，有不同的说法，取决于你询问的是谁，所以G项“这个传统的起源取决于你问谁。”符合文意，故选G项。
5. 根据前文提到“Firecrackers are anther big part f Chinese New Year（鞭炮是中国新年的另一个重要组成部分）”和连词and可知此处应继续说明关于鞭炮的由来，结合下文“A fairy, disguised as an elderly man, saved a twn frm a terrible mnster by thrwing bamb sticks int a bnfire. The explsins prduced by the bamb scared ff the mnster. As a result, the firecrackers set ff during Chinese New Year celebratins prevent the evil spirits f the past（一位仙女装扮成一位老人，将竹竿投进篝火中，从一个可怕的怪物手中救出了一个小镇。竹子发出的爆炸声吓走了怪物。因此，在中国新年庆祝活动中燃放的鞭炮可以阻止过去的恶灵。）”对这个故事的描述可推知，空处填入B项“一位作家分享了这种做法背后的故事。”符合语境，可以开启下文。故选B项。
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者曾经在一次考试中借笔给一位女同学，但却被老师误认为是作弊的故事。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考试的时候，坐在我旁边的女孩小声说了些什么，但是我听不懂。A. sbbed啜泣；B. shuted喊，叫；C. whispered小声说，耳语；D. cried哭。由考试的语境，以及作者“听不懂”可知，女孩对着作者“小声说”了什么，故选C项。
2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我侧过身去，发现她想问我有没有多余的笔。A. leaned ver侧身；B. set aside放在一边；C. turned back往后，转身；D. apprved f批准。由上文可知，女孩坐在作者旁边，且作者不知道女孩说了什么，所以“侧身”去询问女孩，故选A项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我转过身去，发现她想问我有没有多余的笔。A. precius宝贵的；B. extra额外的；C. new新的；D. red红色的。根据“wuld nt write.”可知女孩的笔不能写了，所以问作者有没有“额外的”笔可以借给她，故选B项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她给我看她的笔没墨水了，写不出来。A. ink墨水；B. wrk工作；C. reach到达；D. petrl汽油。根据“wuld nt write.（写不出来)”可知她的笔“没墨了”，故选A项。
5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，在交完试卷之后，当所有其他学生被解散时，老师要求我留在教室里。A. cut up切碎；B. cut ut切断；C. turned in上交；D. turned ff关。根据“the teacher asked me t stay in the rm”可知，在“上交”试卷后，作者被老师留下了。故选C项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在交完试卷之后，当所有其他学生被解散时，老师要求我留在教室里。A. dismissed解散；B. fired解雇； C. trapped陷入；D. questined询问。根据“As sn as we were alne”可知，其他同学被老师“解散”了，故选A项。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们单独在一起的时候，她开始和我谈论长大的意义；她谈到自力更生和为自己的行为负责是多么重要。A. pick up捡起，接；B. grw up长大；C. take ff 脱衣服，起飞；D. fade away消失。根据下一句提到的“自力更生”可推知，老师与作者谈论的是“长大”的意义，故选B项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们单独在一起的时候，她开始和我谈论长大的意义；她谈到自力更生和为自己的行为负责是多么重要。A. dubtful怀疑的；B. respnsible负责的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. ready准备好的。根据前一句提到：老师和我谈论长大的意义，以及“自力更生”可知与之并列的是对自己的行为“负责”，故选B项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间，她都在谈论诚实，并强调当人们做一些不诚实的事情时，他们实际上是在欺骗自己。A. shared分享；B. stressed强调；C. discvered发现；D. cllected收集。根据“她都在谈论诚实”可知，她还“强调”人们不诚实就是欺骗自己，故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间，她都在谈论诚实，并强调当人们做一些不诚实的事情时，他们实际上是在欺骗自己。A. rebuilding重建；B. decrating装饰；C. cheating作弊，欺骗；D. annying恼人。根据“不诚实”可知，此处老师表达的是“欺骗自己”，故选C项。
11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她让我保证我会认真考虑她说过的所有事情。A. awfully可怕地；B. seriusly认真地，严肃地；C. cheerfully欢乐地；D. psitively积极地。由前文可知，老师认为作者在考试时作弊了，所以把他留下来讲了很多道理，由此推知老师希望作者回去“认真地”考虑，故选B项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走出房间，心想她为什么选择跟我谈这些事情。A. pretended假装；B. meant意味着；C. managed设法做；D. chsen选择。由上文可知作者并没有作弊，因此没有明白当时老师为什么要“选择”谈这些，故选D项。
13. 考查连接词辨析。句意：我试着向她解释那支笔的事，但她只能说，她觉得很奇怪，考试刚结束的那天，她就和我谈过那支笔的事，而我却什么也没说。A. what什么；B. that关系代词，指人或物；C. which关系代词，指物；D. whse冠词代词，作定语。此处为定语从句，先行词为all，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，所以用that引导从句，故选B项。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我试着向她解释那支笔的事，但她只能说，她觉得很奇怪，考试刚结束的那天，她就和我谈过那支笔的事，而我却什么也没说。A. ever曾经；B. right恰好；C. even甚至；D. well好地。此处表示作者为什么没有“立刻”跟老师解释那件事情，短语right after表示“就在……之后”，故选B项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使我试图向她解释，让她用我的笔只是帮了她一个忙，但我肯定她仍然认为我考试作弊了。A. a duty责任；B. a jb工作；C. a service服务；D. a favr支持。由前文可知，作者借笔给女同学，给她帮忙，短语d sb. a favr 表示“帮某人一个忙”符合语境，故选D项。
【答案】36. has erupted
37. recrded
38. with
39. vlcanic
40. a
41. was buried
42. that
43. left
44. remarkably
45. reminders
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是欧洲大陆上唯一一座在过去一百年中喷发的Vesuvius火山，以及它最早一次被记录下来的喷发以及带来的影响。
1. 考查动词时态。句意：它是欧洲大陆上唯一一座在过去一百年中喷发的火山，尽管其他的火山也在地中海的岛屿上喷发过。分析句子可知此处包含一个定语从句，且从句缺少谓语，所以erupt在句中作谓语，由时间状语in the last ne hundred years可知，时态应用现在完成时（have/has dne），主语是先行词vlcan，为单数，故填has erupted。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：维苏威火山最早有记录的喷发是现在最著名的一次。分析句子可知句中已有谓语动词is，所以recrd应用非谓语动词形式，且与eruptin之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式表被动，故填recrded。
3. 考查介词。句意：公元79年，在几乎没有任何预警的情况下，维苏威火山爆发，彻底掩埋了古城庞贝。分析句子结合句意可知，此处应填入介词with，表示“有”，此处用的否定词，with little r n warning表示“几乎没有任何预警”，符合语境，故填with。
4. 考查形容词，句意：在两天的时间里，这座山向空中喷射火山物质，在地面上覆盖了一层火山灰。由句意和空后的名词materials可知，空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词，故填vlcanic。
5. 考查冠词。句意：在两天的时间里，这座山向空中喷射火山物质，在地面上覆盖了一层火山灰。根据句意和blanket f可知此处应填入不定冠词a，构成短语a blanket f表示“一层”，故填a。
6. 考查动词时态及语态。句意：距离火山7公里的庞贝古城被埋在5米深的火山灰下。分析句子可知空处为句子的谓语，结合句意“被埋”可知此处表被动，由语境及前稳定时间状语In the year A. D. 79可知时态应用一般过去时，所以本句的谓语结构为was/were dne，主语Pmpeii为单数，故填was buried。
7. 考查强调句。句意：破坏是如此彻底，直到1600年后，这座城市才被发现。分析句子可知此处为强调句“it+be+强调部分+that /wh+从句”，本句强调部分为时间：nt until sixteen hundred years later。故填that。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：庞贝人的宗教、文化和日常生活的证据，在火山灾难的突然恐慌中被遗留下来，保存得非常完好。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词are well preserved，所以leave在句中作非谓语，且与逻辑主语“庞贝人的宗教、文化和日常生活的证据”之间为被动关系，表示“被遗留下来”，应用过去分词表被动，故填left。
9. 考查副词。句意：庞贝人的宗教、文化和日常生活的证据，在火山灾难的突然恐慌中被遗留下来，保存得非常完好。分析句子结合句意可知，此处修饰副词well，应用副词修饰副词，故填remarkably。
10. 考查名词复数。句意：到处都有它突然爆发的痕迹和维苏威火山的阴影。分析句子结合句意可知，此处应用名词reminder与shadw并列作表语，reminder为可数名词，根据语境可知数量不是唯一，应用复数形式，故填reminders。
【答案】
Dear fellw students,
In rder t enrich ur schl life, we are ging t hld an event called “Reading Mnth”. The event is aimed at bradening ur hrizns and imprving ur reading ability. Everyne is encuraged t take an active part.
The details f the arrangement are as fllws. The event will last frm March 6th t April 5th, during which every participant is required t read at least three bks f any kind. Besides, impressins f after reading are welcme and shuld be submitted t Students’ Unin befre April 30th.
This event is f great benefit t students. We call n every ne f yu t jin us. Let’s enjy urselves in the cean f bks.
Students’ Unin
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类写作，要求写一则通知。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校学生会准备举行一次“读书月”活动。请你根据下面的提示，用英语写一则书面通知，并号召大家积极参与。1. 活动目的：丰富校园生活，开阔学生视野，提高学生阅读水平；2. 活动内容：每人至少读三本书，内容不限，并写一篇读后感（impressins f after­reading），于4月30日前交给学生会；3. 活动时间：3月6日至4月5日。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：in rder t（为了）；enrich（丰富）；be aimed at（旨在）；braden ne’s hrizn（开阔眼界）；reading ability（阅读能力）；take an active part（积极参与）；details（细节）；arrangement（安排）；as fllws（如下）；last（持续）；at least（至少）；impressins f after­reading（读后感）；be submitted t（被提交给……）；f great benefit（有益的）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般将来时和一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【答案】参考范文：
The by headed back dwn t the ld man’s huse. The thught f kncking at the ld man’s dr filled the little by with fear, thugh, he still kncked n the dr, waiting breathlessly. Finally, it pened, and ut came the ld man. Seeing the by hlding a well-wrapped dg figurine, he lked very astnished but still glared at him withut a wrd. Determined t break the ice, the by gave the ld man the gift with a precius card attached, expressing his care. Deeply mved by all the by did, the ld man culd say nthing but t hug him tightly, the tears f appreciatin welling up. Out f gratitude, he bught a magazine frm the by and saw him ff.
Frm that day n smething changed inside the ld man. He adpted a real live dg and treated him as his child. It seemed that it was the cmpany f the dg that led the lnely sul ut f darkness and lneliness. Gradually, he was willing t greet thers and wear a bright smile, expressing his appreciatin t life. Indeed, nly when we pen up the dr f ur heart, can we be bathed in the brilliant sunshine and enjy the warmth f lve and care.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了一个小男孩向一位孤独的老人卖杂志，老人拒绝了，男孩看到老人收集的小狗雕像，就送给老人自己的雕像，温暖了老人孤独的内心的故事。
（续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：The by headed back dwn t the ld man’s huse.（男孩朝老人的房子走去。）结合前文线索“The by went hme and then had an idea. He had a little dg figurine that he gt sme years ag frm an aunt.”可知，小男孩有一个几年前从姑妈那里得到的小狗雕像，本段应该续写这个小男孩带着小狗雕像去送给这位孤独的老人，描写老人因小男孩的举动而触动内心，改变了对他的态度，比如因感动而买下了小男孩的杂志等；第二段开头是Frm that day n smething changed inside the ld man.（从那天起，老人的内心发生了变化。），因此本段应该写老人的变化，比如与前文提及内容“When he did cme ut, he wuld nt say hell t his neighbrs r passers-by but simply just glare at them.（当他出来的时候，他不会和邻居或路人打招呼，只是怒目而视。）”不同，他开始与人交流，有了真正的宠物狗作伴，老人不再孤独等，从而升华文章主旨：敞开心扉才能沐浴在阳光下，感受人间温暖和关爱。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：
1. 高级词汇：knck at; glare at; well up; ut f gratitude; see sb. ff; ; be willing t d; be bathed in
2. 高级句式：
1. Finally, it pened, and ut came the ld man.（ut came the ld man为完全倒装句式）
2. Seeing the by hlding a well-wrapped dg figurine, he lked very astnished but still glared at him withut a wrd.（seeing the by hlding a well-wrapped dg figurine为现在分词结构作状语）
3. Determined t break the ice, the by gave the ld man the gift with a precius card attached, expressing his care.（with a precius card attached为with的复合结构）
4. It seemed that it was the cmpany f the dg that led the lnely sul ut f darkness and lneliness.（it was the cmpany f the dg that led the lnely sul ut f darkness and lneliness为强调句式）
5. Indeed, nly when we pen up the dr f ur heart, can we be bathed in the brilliant sunshine and enjy the warmth f lve and care.（nly+时间状语从句置于句首，主句采用部分倒装结构）