2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（月考）(一)英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（月考）(一)英语试题含解析

2023年沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测(一)英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3.考试结束后，考生将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is probably the man?A. A journalist. B. A student. C. A teacher.2. What does the woman want Ben to do?A. Help her move house.B. Help her prepare for a party.C. Go to a housewarming party.3. What does the woman think of learning French?A. Fairly boring. B. Too difficult. C. Quite interesting.4. Where does the conversation take place?A. At the bank. B. In the company. C. In the shop. 5. Why does the woman make the phone call?A. To have her house cleaned.B. To schedule an appointment.C. To remind David to have a checkup.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)。听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the woman want to do?A. Have an eye operation.B Change a pair of glasses.C. Take an eye examination.7. What will the woman most probably do?A. Eat more carrots and grapes.B. Avoid looking at the phone for long.C. Participate in more outdoor activities.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. How does the woman look to the man?A. Confused. B. Excited. C. Anxious.9. How did the woman get to know about the news?A. From TV. B. From the radio. C. From the newspaper.10. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Look for Debbie.B. Pick Debbie up every day.C. Teach Debbie self- protection.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Animals. B. Clouds. C. Their friend.12. What does the woman think of the man?A. He is full of creativity.B. He is an interesting person.C. He seems to lack imagination.13. Where are the speakers?A. At home. B. In the park. C. In the zoo.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What was residents’ attitude towards waste sorting at first?A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Understanding.15. What did the woman do for waste sorting?A. She gave out brochures.B. She turned waste into wealth.C. She taught residents how to do it.16. What is the woman going to do next?A. Write an essay. B. Go to class. C. Apply to be a volunteer.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Which city did four Hui Opera groups visit in 1790?A. Beijing. B. Tianjin. C. Shanghai.18. When did Peking Opera begin to take shape formally?A. In about 1814. B. In about 1840. C. In about 1890. 19. Who is Qiu Jirong?A. A director. B. A writer. C. An actor.20. What was the setting of Jing Hong?A. Someone’s dreams.B. Contemporary dance.C. Chinese traditional art.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A1. What bonus can a sales assistant in Surge Direct Pty Ltd get?A. Full training. B. Ongoing support. C. Free travelling. D. Boarding facilities.2. What can we learn about the applicants of the Animal Attendant?A. Applicants are allowed to contact Imparra for more information.B. Applicants should attach the recent pictures to their applications.C. Applicants with experience working in a Pet Motel is a necessity.D. Applicants have to work outside their usual hours when required.3. Which company is most likely to hire a law student?A. The Green Army Pty Ltd. B. Surge Direct Pty Ltd.C. Imparra Pet Motel. D. Results Legal.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个招聘岗位及相关要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Sales Assistants-Surge Direct Pty Ltd部分“Sightseeing on us—places you’ve never heard of with the best team!(与最好的团队一起游览我们从未听说过的地方！)”可知，Surge Direct Pty Ltd的销售助理可以获得免费旅行的福利。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Animal Attendant-Imparra Pet Motel部分“Availability—365 days a year(可工作时间——每年365天)”推知，如有需要，申请人必须在正常工作时间以外工作。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Administrative Assistant-Results Legal部分“You may just be starting your career in Administration or you may be a University student, who is looking to expand your legal skills and experience in a professional work environment while studying.(你可能刚刚开始你的行政职业生涯，也可能是一名大学生，在学习期间，他希望在专业的工作环境中拓展你的法律技能和经验)”可知，Results Legal最有可能雇佣法律系学生。故选D。BI’m in the area of Noailles in Marseille, France’s second largest city and its main trade seaport. Some small shops sell vegetables, meat, and, it seems, all the spices of the Middle East. In addition to French, languages spoken on the busy streets include Arabic and African French. It all adds up to one of the most ethnically diverse cities in Europe.Close to the downtown street, I discover an Algerian restaurant, whose owner makes his signature dish—couscous with barley, not the usual wheat, using a recipe that hasn’t changed since the 1920s. Couscous is an necessary part of Marseille culture. The dish was added to the UNESCO’s Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2020.To be honest, before I travelled here, couscous had not been the first meal that came to mind when I thought of Marseille. It was bouillabaisse, the rich soup with olive oil, garlic and saffron. I imagined enjoying it at a small portside cafe. This was clearly a romantic fantasy. For one thing, there are no small cafcs at historic city. For another, the restaurants do serve bouillabaisse, but when I see the price at one place I am shocked: 69 euros! No bowl of soup should cost that much.I give up and end up two streets away from the old harbor in a new restaurant, Ourea. For 28 euros, Chef Matthieu Roche serves a three-course lunch that includes tuna steaks and couscous.More and more young, talented people are discovering that Marseille is an ideal place to live. There is also a growing number of Parisians moving here every year. Tired of the rush and expense of life in larger cities, the newcomers come looking for the more relaxed Mediterranean way of life.Walking through these contrasting neighborhoods of Marseille. I think about the distinct communities here living in the same neighborhoods- together, side, by, side, but not mixed. They may also feel they are Marseillais first regardless of nationalities.4. Which word can best describe Marseille according to the first paragraph?A. Remote. B. Commercial. C. Industrial. D. Inland.5. What made the author leave the Algerian restaurant?A. The unreasonable charge. B. The unbearable flavor.C. The unsatisfying service. D. The noisy atmosphere.6. Why do the newcomers choose Marseille rather than other big cities?A. To make a fortune. B. To experience a dish.C. To learn a language. D. To live a leisurely life.7. In which column of a magazine can we probably read the text?A. Fashion. B. Food. C. Trade D. Travel.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者简要介绍了法国第二大城市马赛，并讲述了自己在那里吃饭的经历。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“I’m in the area of Noailles in Marseille, France’s second largest city and its main trade seaport. Some small shops sell vegetables, meat, and, it seems, all the spices of the Middle East.(我现在在法国第二大城市和主要贸易海港马赛的诺埃勒地区。一些小商店出售蔬菜、肉类，似乎还有所有的中东香料。)”可知，在马赛有很多交易在进行，即它是商业化的。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“For another, the restaurants do serve bouillabaisse, but when I see the price at one place I am shocked: 69 euros! No bowl of soup should cost that much.(另一方面，这里的餐厅确实供应鱼汤，但当我看到一家餐厅的价格时，我震惊了:69欧元!一碗汤不应该那么贵。)”可知，作者离开那家埃尔及利亚的饭馆是这家店的鱼汤太贵了，即收费不合理。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Tired of the rush and expense of life in larger cities, the newcomers come looking for the more relaxed Mediterranean way of life.(厌倦了大城市生活的匆忙和昂贵，新来者来到这里寻找更轻松的地中海生活方式。)”可知，新来者选择马赛是为了过一种轻松悠闲的生活。故选D项。7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了作者吃饭的经历，且根据倒数第二段前两句“More and more young, talented people are discovering that Marseille is an ideal place to live. There is also a growing number of Parisians moving here every year. (越来越多有才华的年轻人发现马赛是一个理想的居住地。每年也有越来越多的巴黎人搬到这里。)”可知，马赛作为一个港口城市吸引越来越多年轻人，说明本文主要介绍了马赛市的吸引人之处，因此这篇文章最后可能出自杂志的旅游栏目。故选D项。CA few days before Christmas 1944, Patricia Krueger received a telegram from the U.S. Army. She hoped it would contain a belated birthday greeting from her husband, an army flight engineer, Charles Krueger, whom she had not heard from for 2 weeks. Instead, the message said he wasn’t coming home: His B-29 had been lost over Mukden and he was later declared MIA (missing in action). Their son, John Krueger of Middleton, Wisconsin, now 78, still tears up when he recounts this story.Decades later, the military continues to work to bring back the remains of soldiers like Charles Krueger. The job of finding them falls to DPAA (Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency), created in 2015 after critics charged that the previous MIA search process was slow, and behind on innovations in science and technology. Between 1973 and 2014, the remains of only 1849 missing service members were returned to their families; in 2021, the agency accounted for the remains of 141 MIAs, according to DPAA figures.To accelerate the work, Congress gave DPAA the authority to develop public-private partnerships with scientists and groups outside government. “Teaming up with academic scientists introduces new ways of thinking,” says military historian Michael Dolski. “Working with partners allows us to tap into their technologies and capabilities in ways that we just can’t maintain.”For scientists, the work is more than technically satisfying. “It’s the most rewarding aspect of my career,” says Mires, a scientist working with the agency. “In other archaeology sites I’ve worked on, the history is remote,” he says. “Here, you’re searching something not for a thing, but for a person, and all the people they touched.”8 What was the telegram about in paragraph 1?A. A Christmas dinner. B. Charles Krueger’s loss.C. A birthday greeting. D. John Krueger’s memory.9. Why did people criticize the previous MIA search process?A. Because DPAA wants to continue the search.B. Because it took long and lacked creativeness.C. Because the work was stopped by the military.D. Because 141 MIAs’ remains was found in 2021.10. What is Michael Dolski’s attitude to the cooperation with scientists and groups?A. Patient. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.11. What is a suitable title for the text?A. A long search for MIAs. B. Achievements of DPAA.C. Assistance from science. D. Consequences of wars【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了在对在战斗中失踪人员搜索的努力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, the message said he wasn’t coming home: His B-29 had been lost over Mukden and he was later declared MIA (missing in action).”（相反，这条消息说他不会回家了：他的B-29在Mukden上空失踪了，后来他被宣布为MIA）可知，第一段的电报是关于Charles Krueger的失踪。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The job of finding them falls to DPAA (Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency), created in 2015 after critics charged that the previous MIA search process was slow, and behind on innovations in science and technology.”（寻找他们的工作落在了DPAA(国防战俘/失踪人员会计机构)身上，该机构成立于2015年，此前批评人士指责之前的失踪人员搜寻过程缓慢，缺乏科学技术创新）可知，人们批评之前的MIA搜索过程是因为需要的时间长，而且缺乏创造性。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Teaming up with academic scientists introduces new ways of thinking,” says military historian Michael Dolski. “Working with partners allows us to tap into their technologies and capabilities in ways that we just can’t maintain.”（ “与学术科学家合作引入了新的思维方式。”“与合作伙伴合作使我们能够以我们无法维持的方式利用他们的技术和能力。”）推知，迈克尔·多尔斯基对与科学家和团体的合作持支持态度。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Decades later, the military continues to work to bring back the remains of soldiers like Charles Krueger. The job of finding them falls to DPAA (Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency), created in 2015 after critics charged that the previous MIA search process was slow, and behind on innovations in science and technology.”（几十年后，军方仍在努力找回像查尔斯·克鲁格这样的士兵的遗骸。寻找他们的工作落在了DPAA(国防战俘/失踪人员会计机构)身上，该机构成立于2015年，此前批评人士指责之前的失踪人员搜寻过程缓慢，缺乏科学技术创新。）和倒数第二段“To accelerate the work, Congress gave DPAA the authority to develop public-private partnerships with scientists and groups outside government.”（为了加速这项工作，国会授权DPAA与政府以外的科学家和团体建立公私合作伙伴关系）可知，短文介绍了在对在战斗中失踪人员搜索的努力。故短文的最佳标题为“对行动中失踪人员长期的搜索”。故选A项。DIn a study in the journal Science, researchers at Northwestern University in Illinois reported that they had developed an effective and inexpensive method for breaking down chemicals called poly fluoro alkyl substances (PFAS).PFAS, first created in the 1930s, are chemical compounds (化合物). They are used to make a wide range of everyday products, including nonstick pans, carpeting, electronics, and fast-food wrappers. Once the chemicals are in the environment, they are almost impossible to eliminate because they are designed to avoid breaking down. Researchers have linked regular levels of exposure to these chemicals with several health problems, including liver damage, an increased risk of cancer, and reduced immunity.Scientists had previously figured out how to remove PFAS from polluted water or soil but, until now, had no safe and effective way to destroy them once they were removed. The study reported that when the team boiled PFAS molecules (分子) with two common substances, the PFAS quickly broke down and became harmless.In 2020, William Dichtel, a chemist and professor at Northwestern, read a study in which chemists at the University of Alberta, in Canada, found an easy way to break down chains of molecules. He asked a graduate student, Brittany Trang, to try the method on PFAS molecules.Trang had spent months in the lab unsuccessfully attempting to pull apart PFAS, and at first she thought Dichtel’s idea was too simple to work. But she tried it, boiling PFAS with a common solvent (溶剂) called dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Trang was shocked when the process destroyed the PFAS. She later mixed DMSO with a chemical called sodiumhydroxide and broke down PFAS even more quickly.The scientists will work on ways to destroy PFAS outside the lab so large amounts of forever chemicals can be broken down at once. “It’s a huge challenge, but it’s in our grasp,” Dichtel told The New York Times. Scientists are also calling for a decrease in the amount of PFAS being released into the natural world. In June, the US government announced new plans to monitor PFAS, decrease the amount released into the environment, and address the effects of PFAS on human health.12. What does the underlined word “eliminate” probably mean in paragraph 2?A. Identify. B. Destroy. C. Remove. D. Release.13. How did William Dichtel find the way to break down chains of molecules?A. He got information from a study of others!B. He conducted the experiments on his own.C. His graduate student, Brittany Trang, told him.D. Chemists at the University of Alberta told him.14. What can we learn about Brittany Trang’s experiment?A. She tried the method from Dichtel but didn’t succeed at first.B. She pulled apart PFAS with her own idea at her first attempt.C. She developed a more effective method to break down PFAS.D. She thought Dichtel’s idea was too simple, so she didn’t try it.15. What do scientists advocate to the public?A. Addressing the effects of PFAS on human health and environment.B. Reducing the amount of PFAS being released into the environment.C. Finding more effective ways to destroy PFAS in and outside the lab.D. Stopping the use of PFAS in everyday life to avoid health problems.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在《科学》杂志上的一项研究中，伊利诺伊州西北大学的研究人员报告说，他们已经开发出一种有效且廉价的方法来分解被称为聚氟烷基物质（PFAS）的化学物质。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词后的句子“because they are designed to avoid breaking down.”（因为它们的设计是为了避免分解）可知，一旦这些化学物质进入环境，它们几乎不可能被消除。所以划线的意思是“消除”,与destroy同义。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“In 2020, William Dichtel, a chemist and professor at Northwestern, read a study in which chemists at the University of Alberta, in Canada, found an easy way to break down chains of molecules”（2020年，西北大学的化学家兼教授威廉·迪希特尔（William Dichtel）阅读了一项研究，加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的化学家在该研究中发现了一种分解分子链的简单方法）可知，威廉·迪克特尔是别人的研究中得到了信息以此找到分解分子链的方法的。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“But she tried it, boiling PFAS with a common solvent(溶剂) called dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Trang was shocked when the process destroyed the PFAS. She later mixed DMSO with a chemical called sodiumhydroxide and broke down PFAS even more quickly.”（但她尝试了，用一种叫做二甲基亚砜（DMSO）的普通溶剂煮沸PFAS。当这个过程摧毁了PFAS时，Trang感到震惊。她后来将二甲基亚砜与一种叫做氢氧化钠的化学物质混合，并更快地分解PFAS）可知，Brittany Trang开发了一种更有效的方法来分解PFAS。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists are also calling for a decrease in the amount of PFAS being released into the natural world.”（科学家们还呼吁减少释放到自然界的PFAS的数量）可知，科学家向公众倡导减少PFAS释放到环境中的数量。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Men’s sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a “flywheel effect”. Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily.____16____. That, in turn, generates even more money the next time around.Women’s sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon.____17____With few games available, viewers cannot tune in, and few viewers means little money.The flywheel may, at last, be starting to turn round.____18____The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic. Women’s sport is resisting a general trend for people to watch less television. Streaming (流媒体), meanwhile, offers a way to show games without expensive deals with broadcasters, helping to build fanbases.____19____Viewership of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America rose by 50% in 2021 compared with 2020. In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $I billion. The prize pool for this year’s Women’s Championship is $16 million, double the value in 2017.One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell, sponsorship rights for women’s events, separately, rather than bonded with the men’s tournaments.____20____A. Start with viewing figures.B. Money is starting to follow eyeballs.C. Many associations fund the women’s sports.D. Some think sponsors get a better deal with women’s sports.E. Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch.F. That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers.G. That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth.【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效应”。如今，女子运动也受到“飞轮效应”的影响。【16题详解】根据前文“Men’s sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a “flywheel effect”. Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily.(几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效应”。大型转播和赞助协议很容易就把钱投入到比赛中。)”和后文的“That, in turn, generates even more money the next time around.(这反过来又会在下一次产生更多的钱。)”可知，F选项“That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers.(那吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛水平，这有助于吸引更多的观众。)”符合语境，承上启下。F项中的that指代前文的“飞轮效应”，这种效应吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛的水平，反之下一次产生更多的钱。下文中的that指代空处内容，故选F。【17题详解】根据前文的“Women’s sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon.(长期以来，女子运动一直遭遇相反的现象。)”可知，长期以来，女子运动不太受观众的关注。设空处应该指出由此带来的结果。E选项“Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch.(广播公司在不确定观众是否会观看的情况下，不愿意播放节目。)”符合语境，指出由于女子运动项目不太受观众的关注所以广播公司不愿意播放节目。故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic.( 2022年第一季度的收视率最高，比2019年(大流行前的最后一年)增长了约50%。)”可知，此处通过数据解释了飞轮效应。故A选项“Start with viewing figures.(从观看数据开始。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选A。19题详解】根据后文“Viewership of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America rose by 50% in 2021 compared with 2020. In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $I billion. (与2020年相比，2021年美国女子篮球协会(WNBA)的收视率上升了50%。今年2月，WNBA感到信心十足，筹集了7500万美元，估值为1亿美元。)”可知，随着女子篮球的收视率上升，WNBA由此筹集了更多的金钱，即随着关注度的上升，获得的金钱回报则越多。B选项“Money is starting to follow eyeballs.(金钱开始追随关注度。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境，引起下文。故选B。【20题详解】根据前文“One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell, sponsorship rights for women’s events, separately, rather than bonded with the men’s tournaments.(一个巨大的变化是，包括国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。)”可知，国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。G选项“That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth.(那迫使买卖双方考虑这些版权究竟值多少钱。)”符合语境，其中的that指代前文的“国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权”，前后文是因果关系，同时本句中的rights与前文中的rights呼应。故选G。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。After I gave birth, it seemed my brain had been dragged out of me along with my newborn son. Everything became____21____and conversation often lost in mid-sentence. I thought these____22____mistakes may be just ‘mommy brain’ while I coped with middle-of-the-night feedings. However, after little Nicholas began to____23____through the night, I remained in a constant state of____24____.I told myself I’d feel intelligent again. I thought about my____25____life. What engaged my brain then? I wandered through the house and found____26____staring me in the face: books. I looked online and found the exact____27____: 50 Book Challenge. Read 50 books in a year, whatever____28____I wanted. Within days I discovered new books of interest and ordered some fresh____29____. I had my resolution: 50 books.My competitive spirit began to____30____. I found time where it had never existed before. I read as my son watched Sesame Street. I read when I____31____a bus, I read before bedtime... My brain____32____from hibernation (冬眠) and I had new and exciting things to discuss. I had started with a____33____goal to bring my____34____back. I did that, and got more. I showed my son Nicholas the____35____of reading. Now it’s common for my first-grader to bring a pile of books to the couch for reading. We’re together and reading, and all is right with the world.21. A. sunny B. foggy C. smooth D. possible22. A. physical B. psychological C. social D. mental23. A. sleep B. cry C. wake up D. stay up24. A. tension B. security C. confusion D. depression25. A. pre-school B. pre-marriage C. pre-baby D. pre-teen26. A. answers B. questions C. stars D. eyes27. A. website B. comment C. motivation D. title28. A. price B. color C. size D. subject29. A. dishes B. reads C. flowers D. fruits30. A. take care B. take place C. take advantage D. take effect31. A. saw B. drove C. caught D. rode32. A. awoke B. froze C. damaged D. suffered33. A. simple B. common C. different D. similar34. A. power B. time C. brain D. son35. A. talent B. pleasure C. process D. skill【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位母亲在生完孩子以后，大脑宕机，经常断片。但是，通过挑战一年读50本书，大脑逐渐从冬眠中醒来。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都变得模糊起来，谈话经常在句子中间中断。A. sunny阳光充足的；B. foggy有雾的；C. smooth光滑的；D. possible可能的。根据前文“After I gave birth, it seemed my brain had been dragged out of me along with my newborn son.”以及本句“conversation often lost in mid-sentence”可知，作者生完孩子后，我的大脑似乎和我刚出生的儿子一起被拖出了身体，经常断片，事情不清楚。 故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想这些身体上的错误可能只是我半夜喂奶时的“妈妈大脑”造成的。A. physical身体的；B. psychological心理的；C. social社会的；D. mental精神上的。根据前文“Everything became　　1　　　and conversation often lost in mid-sentence.”可知，这是作者身体上的状况。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始一觉睡到天亮之后，我一直处于一种混乱的状态。A. sleep睡觉；B. cry哭；C. wake up醒来；D. stay up熬夜。根据前文“I thought these　　　2　　　mistakes may be just ‘mommy brain’ while I coped with middle-of-the-night feedings.”以及本句中“However”可知，前后为对照关系，作者本以为是半夜喂奶导致的，但是当儿子入睡以后，作者还是处于困惑的状态。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始度过黑夜之后，我一直处于一种困惑的状态。A. tension紧张；B. security安全；C. confusion困惑；D. depression抑郁。根据前文“Everything became　　1　and conversation often lost in mid-sentence.”可知，作者生产以后，一直是模模糊糊，说话说一半的迷糊状态。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 我回想起我生孩子前的生活。A. pre-school学前的；B. pre-marriage婚前的；C. pre-baby产前的；D. pre-teen（约11或12岁的）大儿童。根据下文“What engaged my brain then?”的时间状语“then”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在屋子里踱来踱去，发现答案就在眼前：书。A. answers回答；B. questions问题；C. stars星星；D. eyes眼睛。根据前文“What engaged my brain then?”以及本句中“books”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么，看着眼前的书，作者找到了答案。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在网上找到了确切的动机：50本书挑战。A. website网站；B. comment评论；C. motivation动力；D. title标题。根据本句中“50 Book Challenge”可知，挑战阅读50本书给了作者动力。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 一年读50本书，什么题材都行。A. price价格；B. color颜色；C. size尺寸；D. subject话题。根据本句中的连词“whatever”引导让步状语从句可知，前后为对照关系，无论什么题材，一年内50本书即可。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天之内，我发现了一些我感兴趣的新书，并订购了一些新书。A. dishes碟，盘；B. reads好的读物；C. flowers花；D. fruit水果。根据前文“Read 50 books in a year, whatever　　8　I wanted.”可知，作者要挑战 一年读50本书，所以订购了一些读物。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的竞争精神开始发挥作用。A. take care小心；B. take place发生；C. take advantage利用；D. take effect生效，起作用。根据下文“My brain　　12　　　from hibernation (冬眠) and I had new and exciting things to discuss.”可知，作者读书让大脑激活并开始发挥作用。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐公共汽车时看书，睡觉前看书……。A. saw看见；B. drove驾驶；C. caught捕捉；D. rode搭乘。根据前文“I found time where it had never existed before.”以及空后的宾语“a bus”可知，作者找了之前并不发觉的时间来阅读，例如，搭乘公交车的时间。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的大脑从冬眠中醒来，我有新的和令人兴奋的事情要讨论。A. awoke苏醒；B. froze冻住；C. damaged损伤；D. suffered遭受。根据本句中“I had new and exciting things to discuss”可知，作者现在有新的和令人兴奋的事情可以讨论，说明大脑在慢慢恢复。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从一个简单的目标开始，那就是恢复我的大脑。A. simple简单的；B. common常见的；C. different不同的；D. similar相似的。根据本句中“to bring my　　14　　　back”可知，这是作者的简单的目标。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一个简单的目标开始，那就是恢复我的大脑。A. power力量；B. time时间；C. brain大脑；D. son儿子。根据前文“What engaged my brain then?”可知，作者读书的目的就是恢复大脑。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向儿子尼古拉斯展示了阅读的乐趣。A. talent天赋；B. pleasure乐趣；C. process过程；D. skill技能。根据后文“We’re together and reading, and all is right with the world.”可知，作者向儿子展示了读书的乐趣，他们一起读书。故选B。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Grand Canal is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years,____36____construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times____37____length of the Panama Canal. It is a golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing____38____(pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems.The canal____39____( function) as the backbone of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt,____40____(log) and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, contributing ____41____(huge) to ancient China’s economy. The canal enormously promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north____42____south, which ensured the country’s____43____(stable).In 2014. it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan____44____(construct) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. During the last 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks_____45_____(recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt.【答案】36. whose 37. the 38. passing 39. functioned 40. logs 41. hugely 42. and 43. stability 44. to construct 45. was recognized【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大运河的历史地位和作用以及未来的规划。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：大运河是世界上最古老、最长的人工水道，有2500多年的历史，它的建设始于春秋时期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词waterway，先行词在从句中作定语，只能用whose引导从句。故填whose。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：运河全长1794公里，是巴拿马运河的22倍。倍数+the length+of是固定用法，意为“是……几倍的长度”。故填the。38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河从浙江到北京流经六省和两个自治区，连接五大水系。分析句子结构，runs为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，The Grand Canal和pass为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填passing。【39题详解】考查动词时态。句意：大运河作为古代帝国内陆通信和贸易系统的支柱。空格处作谓语动词，结合句意，应用一般过去时。故填functioned。【40题详解】考查名词的数。句意：谷物、盐、原木和丝绸沿着运河运往四面八方。由and并列结构可知，空格处在句中作并列主语应用名词形式，log意为“原木”是可数名词，上文没有冠词，应用复数形式表示类别。故填logs。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：沿河的许多城镇发展起来运河的发展对古代中国经济做出了巨大的贡献。空格处修饰动词contributing，应用副词形式。故填hugely。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。between…and…为固定搭配，意为“在……之间”。故填and。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。根据空格前的country’s可知，空格处应填名词作宾语。故填stability。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在2019年中国发布了一个计划为大运河建设国家文化公园。issued为谓语动词，空格处为非谓语动词，名词plan后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to construct。【45题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在近两年来建设大运河国家文化公园被确定为“十四五”规划的重点任务。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语During the last 2 years，应用一般过去时，主语building the Grand Canal national cultural parks和recognize之间是动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was recognized。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 你校将以“节约粮食，减少浪费”为主题举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.浪费粮食的现象；2.节约粮食的做法；3.节约粮食的倡议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Say NO to Food Waste__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Say NO to Food WasteAs we know, food is very important for human survival. However, wasting food is a common phenomenon that people order more food than they can eat, and even throw away their leftovers in restaurants, which is so disappointing that I'd like to give some advice on reducing food waste. First, we should have the awareness of saving food. Next, it’s time for us to take action to save food. We ought to treasure grain wherever we are. What is most important is that we should have the courage to fight against wasting food.I call on everyone to say no to food waste. Saving food is a virtue. Please remember to order appropriately starting with ourselves as early as possible.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“节约粮食，减少浪费”为主题写一篇短文参加英语征文比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累常见的：common→general建议：advice→suggestion减少：reduce → decrease意识：awareness→understanding2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Please remember to order appropriately starting with ourselves as early as possible.拓展句：Please remember to order appropriately while we can start with ourselves as early as possible.【点睛】【高分句型1】Next, it’s time for us to take action to save food.（运用了it充当形式主语，不定式to take action充当真正主语）【高分句型2】What is most important is that we should have the courage to fight against wasting food.（运用了主语从句和表语从句）第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In the Game“I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” My daughter, Lauren, whooped, skipping into the room. “There are only eleven girls in Verden, and everybody makes the team.”High-school sports is the biggest thing that happens in Verden, so I shouldn’t have been surprised when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball teams—Lady Tiger. But I was. My wife and I never told Lauren that she was disabled. We didn’t want her to feel different from other children. She has Down syndrome (唐氏综合征).What if the other girls on the team failed to accept her? What if Lauren spent most of her time on the bench? What if she got injured during the game? What should I say to the coach?The next afternoon, I parked by the basketball court.“Hey, Johnny,” Coach Forthythe called. “We’re glad Lauren came out for the team.”“Well, Mr. Forthythe, you know we don’t expect you to play her in a game. just include her when you can.”The game arrived the next Sunday. I settled into a seat on the second row with my wife. Moments later, a train of girls chugged out of the locker room. Last in line was Lauren. I stood along with the crowd and clapped. She searched the stands. spotted us and waved broadly.The game got off to a good start, but soon Verden was behind. I gazed at Lauren, the most excited on the team. She slapped (拍打) her knee when the opponents scored. Her arms moved around in the air each time Verden shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life. Now, I felt admiration for my daughter. Her team was getting beat, yet she still enjoyed the action.Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by 17 points. Coach called a time-out. Then boomed the announcer’s voice, “Number thirty-three, Lauren, in for the Lady Tigers.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。With a slap on her back, Coach sent Lauren running onto the court.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Did you see? Dad and Mum. I scored! I made a basket!”__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】With a slap on her back, Coach sent Lauren running onto the court. I watched Lauren doing warming-up in the court wide-eyed and my heart beat wildly. My wife took hold of my hand tightly and I knew she felt the same as I. The game restarted and Lauren kept pace with the others fairly well. Then something happened. They passed Lauren the ball. She caught it and dribbled toward the goal. Amazingly, the opposing team did not block her. She shot. She scored! Applause exploded. Lauren gave her teammates five, held her arms high and rushed to us to share her joy.“Did you see? Dad and Mum. I scored! I made a basket!” Hardly could Lauren control her excitement. Her eyes shone as she wiped sweat from her forehead. My wife and I threw our arms around each other, tears of happiness rolling down cheeks. For sixteen years, we had tried hard to prevent her from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren enjoying herself in the game, I saw that my daughter was really different. She wasn’t like everyone else-not physically, but spiritually.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者女儿患有唐氏综合症，但是作者和妻子却从未告知她。但是学校即将举办一次篮球比赛，而只有11个女孩，作者和妻子担心其他的队友们是否会接受女儿。但出乎意料的是，队友们接受了她，并且女儿在球场上表现出色，多次得分。这让作者和妻子意识到她和其他人不一样——不是身体上的，而是精神上的。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“教练拍了拍劳伦的后背，让她跑上了球场。”可知，第一段可描写女儿在球场上的表现，并且进球。②由第二段首句内容““你看见了吗?”爸爸和妈妈。我得分了，我投进了一个篮!””可知，第二段可描写女儿激动的情绪以及作者和妻子的感悟。2.续写线索：参加比赛——女儿赛场上表现出色——赢得比赛——父母感动——女儿激动——最终感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.内心狂跳：heart beat wildly/heart was racing wildly②.掌声响起：applause exploded/ applause burst out③.紧紧地抱在一起：throw the arms around sb tightly/gather sb around the arms tightly情绪类①.吃惊地：amazingly /astonishingly②.流泪：teas rolling down/tears resting on her face【点睛】[高分句型1]. I watched Lauren doing warming-up in the court wide-eyed and my heart beat wildly.（使用现在分词作宾补结构）[高分句型2]. My wife and I threw our arms around each other, tears of happiness rolling down cheeks. （句中包括独立主格结构）[高分句型3]. 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