(通用版)高考英语二轮复习写作备考技巧专题05《名词性从句+写作过渡词》(含答案)

2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧

专题（五）名词性从句+写作过渡词总结

 名词性从句，和定语从句和状语从句一样，是高中阶段句法的三座大山之一。在书面表达中灵活运用名词性从句，能够使文章表达更为高级。它主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一．   名词性从句的连接词

1. 从属连词引导的名词性从句

that, whether, if为名词性从句中的从属连词，它们在句中只起连接作用，不充当成分。

①. I trust that I am capable of doing the work well. (2019全国一卷书面表达)

②. There is no doubt that there is not any problem for me to communicate with foreigners. (2018年浙江高考书面表达)

③. To start with, what I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the teaching building. (2017全国一卷书面表达)

2. 连接代词引导的名词性从句

what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等名词性从句的连接代词不仅在从句中起连接作用，还要充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。

①.This is precisely what the British visitors are expecting. (2019年浙江高考书面表达)

②.What made Yue Fei most respectable was that he didn’t give up fighting for his nation even when he was wronged by some. (2016北京高考书面表达)

3. 连接副词引导的名词性从句

how, when, why, where, however, whenever, wherever等连接副词在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用，也充当状语。

①.While working, I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.(2019北京高考书面表达)

②.That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice. (2017北京高考书面表达)

③.To practice as much as possible is where the secret lies. (2015四川高考书面表达)

二．   名词性从句的写法

   在书面表达中，可以尝试把两个简单句合并成一个含有名词性从句的复合句或者把一个简单句扩展成含有名词性从句的复合句，能提升整个写作的档次。在平时的写作练习中，可以采取以下的步骤训练。

1.      写出两个相关联的简单句；
2.      确定好哪个是主句，哪个是从句，并确定好主句的基本句型；
3.      确定从句在主句中充当的成分是什么（主语、宾语、表语、同位语），然后确定好从句的连接词后调整好从句在主句中的语序。

例：He said a lot at the meeting.

    His words were extremely attractive.

先确定两个简单句中第一句为从句，第二句为主句。主句的句型为主系表；从句需要在主句中充当主语成分。把从句中的宾语a lot去掉用连接代词what引导。最后调整好语序，即为：

What he said at the meeting was extremely attractive.

三．   名词性从句的常用句型

1. The reason why…is that… ……的原因是……

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

2. It’s my sincere hope that… 我真诚希望……

By the way, it’s my sincere hope that you can spare some time for a visit to Tianjin again.(2017天津高考书面表达)

3. I learned from the newspaper/the post/the Internet that… 我从报纸/帖子/网络上得知……

I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. I am more than willing to help you with your Mandarin. (2015四川高考书面表达)

4. From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that…通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论……

From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal.

5. I hold the view that…我认为…

I hold the view that we should make the most of the Internet to keep us equipped with more knowledge.

6. What appeals to/impresses/shocks sb. most is that…最令某人感兴趣/印象深刻/震惊的是……

In addition, what may interest your most is that I am nervous and upset when taking the exam. (2014四川高考书面表达)

7. It is important/essential/strange…that…(should)…重要的/必要的/奇怪的是……

However, it is important that we should never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying. (2014福建高考书面表达)

8. I wonder if/whether…我想知道是否……

I am wondering if you could tell me more about this activity. (2015重庆高考书面表达)

9. Word came that…有消息传来……

Word came that the president is going to inspect our school very soon.

10. No one can deny the fact that…/there is no doubt that…无可否认的是…

No one can deny the fact that the environment is increasingly polluted in a severe way.

11. It is no surprise/wonder that… ……不足为怪

She is warm-hearted, so it is no wonder that she always lend a helping hand to those who are in trouble.

12. One advantage/drawback of…is that… ……的优点/缺点是……

One advantage of returning to the solar energy is that it won’t produce any pollution.

13. Whoever…needs to/should/will/is... 任何…… 的人都需要/应该/会……

Whoever signs up for the competition will have to register firstly.

提升训练

一．    用适当的名词性从句连接词填空。

1. There is no doubt ____________ I will enhance its reputation through my efforts.
2. ____________ we appreciated most was that you had a strong teamwork spirit, which allowed us to complete our tasks very efficiently.
3. Listening and speaking is ____________ my weakness lies when it comes to English.
4. First of all, I’d like to know ____________ the class will start and____________ many students there will be in a class.
5. We debated over _____________ to put into the video.

      题目一

【答案】1. that;

        2. What;

        3. where;

        4. when; how

        5. what

二．    将下列每题的简单句合并成一个名词性从句。

1. When did you enter the room? The police wonders.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Finally I want to express my hope. All the younger fellows can take full advantage of time.

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. The book can be of help to anyone. He wants to explore this professional area.

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. Shall we go picnicking tomorrow? It depends on the weather.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. The meeting has been put off till next Monday. This is decided.

_______________________________________________________________________________

     题目二

【答案】1. The police wonders when you entered the room.

        2. Finally I want to express my hope that all the younger fellows can take full advantage of time.

        3. The book can be of help to whoever wants to explore this professional area.

        4. Whether we go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather.

        5. It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.

三．    用名词性从句完成下列句子。

1. 我确实希望我的建议能对你有帮助，也希望你在中国玩得快乐。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. 然而，我不确定措辞和格式是否正确。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. 你要记住的最后一件重要事情是在6月28日前把文章发给我。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. 一些人病倒的原因是他们不进行锻炼。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. 没有人能否认：教育对人生至关重要。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. 居民们高度评价了我们的做法。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. 给我们印象最深刻的是你们的艺术技能，显示出了你们出类拔萃的才艺。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

8. 这里有多达五门课程供你选择，你可以自由选择任何一门最适合你的。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. 真正重要的是礼物是否来自你的内心。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. 最近的一项调查表明了在过去的三年里我们学校的学生的健康状况越来越差。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

题目三

【答案】1. It’s my hope that my advice will be of some help to you and that you’ll enjoy yourself in China.

        2. However, I am not sure about whether the words and format are correct.

        3. The last important thing you should remember is that you have to send the article to me before June 28th.

        4. The reason why some people break down with illness is that they don’t work out.

        5. No one can deny the fact that a person’s education is of crucial importance to one’s life.

        6. The residents think highly of what we have done.

        7. What impresses us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent.

        8. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.

        9. What really counts is whether the gift comes from your inner heart.

        10. A recent survey shows that the health of the students in our school has been going from bad to worse in the past three years.

写作过渡词荟萃

       衔接过渡词能使语言连贯性得以实现。句与句、段与段之间恰当地使用衔接过渡词不仅可以起到承上启下的作用，也可以使文章脉络走向更为清晰明朗。所以考生一定要学会在书面表达中运用过渡词，这对写好应用文、续写和概写都有着重要意义。

一．   起始关系的衔接过渡词

1. To begin with, the final exam of this term is approaching, so I’m occupied preparing for it. (2017天津高考书面表达)
2. Recently, the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement that students should be given labor education while at school, which arouses a heated debate.
3. As the Internet develops, computers play a significant role in people’s lives.

二．   时间顺序的衔接过渡词

1. Firstly, the higher rating means the higher quality of the product, or better service. (2018江苏高考书面表达)
2. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. (2017北京高考书面表达)
3. Firstly, I am expected to know about the polite language related to my service. Secondly, I am trying to acquire the essential knowledge and skills concerning my position. (2017天津高考书面表达)

三．   并列关系的衔接过度词

1. Every day I spend some time taking exercise, learning order keeping as well as emergency solving so as to get ready for the upcoming event. (2017天津高考书面表达)
2. Cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of the Internet and cellphones, and the ticket price is on the increase. (2017江苏高考书面表达)

四．   转折关系的衔接过渡词

1. Some compromises were inevitable, but the video turned out to be perfect. (2017北京高考书面表达)
2. On the contrary, smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.

五．   因果关系的衔接过渡词

1. Therefore, please send some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty. (2017全国一卷书面表达)
2. Thanks to the assistance of the local media, he has found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females.(2014广东高考书面表达)

六．   递进关系的衔接过渡词

1. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. (2017北京高考书面表达)
2. What’s worse, I don’t communicate well with my parents and my friends. (2017天津高考书面表达)

七．   列举事实的衔接过渡词

1. Firstly, there are all kinds of activities in the team, such as learning the basic skills and speaking about experience. (2017全国三卷书面表达)
2. The plan for the day is as follows: firstly, it’s a custom to have dumplings on that day, so we’ll make delicious dumplings with our own hands rather than buy some for them.(2015全国三卷书面表达)

八．   观点表达的衔接过渡词

1. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.(2017北京高考书面表达)
2. As far as I’m concerned, all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities. (2016天津高考书面表达)

九．   总结全文的衔接过渡词

1. In one word, you will surely benefit a lot from your careful preparation. (2017全国一卷书面表达)
2. In short, playing basketball enriches my life and makes me more confident.

提升训练

一．   用相应的衔接过渡词补全句子。

1. ____________, I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. ____________ I wiped the dust off all the furniture. ____________, I swept and mopped the floors.
2. She finally earned respect of them, who eventually became confident ____________ well-behaved.
3. Sightseeing is best done ____________ through bus tours____________ by bicycle.
4. ____________ his carelessness, the whole project had to be put off at least one month.
5. ____________(而且), filming technology has advanced and more quality films are on offer.
6. ____________(更糟的是), if we spend too much time on phones, we’ll lose the communication skills we need in the future.
7. We have many subjects, ____________ Chinese, math, English, music, art and so on.
8. ____________(就我个人而言), every summer I stay at my uncle’s house in the country for three weeks and enjoy a wonderful life there.
9. ____________(总之), environmental protection is of great importance, making us live more comfortably and healthily.
10. ____________(况且), the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, ____________ (不管)time and space.
11. I lost my way in the forest and ____________, it got dark.
12. ____________, they can sweep the tombs for the dead. ____________, they can go for a walk in the country in spring when the grass has just turned green.
13. Smoking costs us much money and it can easily cause a big fire. ___________, smoking can do us much harm.
14. ____________(令我高兴的是), my son passed the exam with a very high mark.
15. There was no news; ____________, she went on hoping.
16. ____________, I thought it difficult to learn English, but in the end I changed my mind.
17. New models are put on every year ___________ consumers will keep buying.
18. I read the chapter several times. ___________, I was able to pass the exam.
19. It is still a good idea to know how to type. ___________ the many technological advances in typewriters and word processors, a skilled operators remains indispensable.
20. A fire must have a readily available supply of oxygen. ___________, it will stop burning.

题目一

【答案】

1. Firstly; Then; After that
2. as well as/and
3. either…or....
4. As a result of
5. Besides
6. Worse still/To make matters worse
7. such as
8. As for me
9. In a word/In conclusion/In brief/To sum up
10. In addition/What’s more/Furthermore/Moreover; regardless of
11. worse still/to make matters worse
12. On the one hand/For one thing; On the other hand/For another
13. In a word/All in all/In short…
14. To my joy
15. however
16. At first
17. so that
18. Therefore
19. In spite of/Despite
20. Otherwise

二．   阅读下面短文，选择适当的衔接过渡词填空。

                                   1

I had a bad cold last week. _____________, I had a running nose, but I did not take it seriously. _____________, I began to cough. ____________, I had a fever and felt weak. _____________, I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.

2

The naughty boy in the story “The Boy Who Cried Wolf” has grown up.       __ he works as a weatherman in his village.     __    , he studied the weather carefully      __    found that a storm was coming.   __      , he told all the villagers to prepare for the bad weather,    __       no one believed him.   __      , the weather was fine,    ___     the villagers said that the young man was lying again. __________the weather suddenly changed   __       a storm wind came. All the villagers tried to save the crops  _ __     it was too late.     __    , the storm ruined all the crops.

3

_______ ___ many middle school students are fat and there are reasons for it. Some eat too much met and too many snacks. Some sit too long but seldom exercise.

Getting fat has quite a few disadvantages. ____  _____, being fat makes it difficult for one to walk or move as others. ___   ___, to be fat usually means to be weak, and it is easy for a fat person to suffer from many kinds of diseases. At the same time. A fat person gets tired easily, which decreases his study efficiency.

____  ____, to be fat is not a good thing for us middle students. We should try to eat less meat but more vegetables. ____  _____, we should try our best to take part in all kinds of sports. If so, we are sure to lose weight and stay healthy.

                                  4

There are three major airports near Washington, D.C, but the traveler to Washington should be careful about which one to choose.      __   , Baltimore-Washington International Airport, located near the city of Baltimore, is a good airport.       __  , it is not the best choice for a traveler who wants to visit Washington.   ______    it is relatively far from the city of Washington itself.     __    , a passenger bus trip between Baltimore and Washington is expensive. Dulles International Airport is a slightly better choice, since it is located closer to the city.       __  , if a traveler arrives in the early evening, he or she will encounter rush-hour traffic, which is not a good way to begin a trip to the city.     __     may be Washington-Reagan National Airport. There are two reasons for this.      __   , this airport is the closest to the city.  _________ it is located on the Metro train system, which is a convenient method of transportation.

5

            Recently, it has been a great public concern that the students lack self-protection awareness.

            There’s a lack of social experience among students and therefore learning how to protect ourselves is of great significance to us all. ____________, security comes first. Without it, we can achieve nothing and cannot live up to parents’ expectations. ____________, protecting ourselves contributes to the healthy development of the students, which is associated with the happiness of every family. _____________, it also helps to build a more harmonious society.

            ______________, in order to protect us students, _____________, we should strengthen our security awareness. ______________, when accidents occur, we should calm down and turn to teachers or parents for help. The government also plays a leading role in protecting students. ______________, only by the combined efforts of every side involved can we live and study in harmony.

题目二

【答案】

1. At first; Then; After that; Finally
2. Now; One day; and; Immediately; but; At first; so; Then; and; but; Finally
3. Now; First; What’s more; In my opinion; Besides
4. For example; However; One reason is that; Moreover; On the other hand; The best choice; First; another reason is that 
5. For one thing; For another; Meanwhile; Personally; above all; Besides; In a word

三．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。请尝试用从句和衔接过渡词。

A new study warns that about thirty percent of the world’s people may not have enough water by 2025.

A private American organization called Population Action International (PAI) did the new study. It says more than three hundred and thirty-five million people lack enough water now. The people live in twenty-eight countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East.

PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about three thousand million people are short of water. At least eighteen more countries are expected to have serious water problems. The demand for water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water on the earth stays the same.

Mr. Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.

The report says that lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe. Mr. Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases like cholera that are carried in water.

Lack of water may also lead to more international conflict. Countries may have to fight for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, Syria, Sudan and Iraq. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need large amounts of water when they are beginning.

The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. A third way is to use less water for agriculture.

The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controls on population growth.

  ——————————————————————————————————————————

        ____________________________________________________________________________________

        ____________________________________________________________________________________

        ____________________________________________________________________________________

题目三

【答案】

     A new study shows that about thirty percent of the world’s people may suffer a shortage of water in the near future. At present, there are over 335 million people in 28 countries that lack enough water. Besides, it is expected that 18 more countries will lack water in the years to come, while the amount of water remains the same and the population is growing faster. The shortage of water will cause health problems and international conflict. However, fortunately, ways have been found to settle the water shortage problem.