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(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题突破专题八 名词性从句 (含答案)课件
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这是一份(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题突破专题八 名词性从句 (含答案)课件，共27页。PPT课件主要包含了-2-，高考感悟，考点归纳，-3-，-4-，-5-，-6-，-7-，-8-，-9-等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)I’m nt sure wh is mre frightened,me r the female grilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.2.(2018·北京卷)Withut his supprt,we wuldn’t be where/what we are nw.3.(2018·北京卷)This is what my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.4.(2018·天津卷)The gld medal will be awarded t whever wins the first place in the bicycle race.5.(2018·江苏卷)By bat is the nly way t get here,which is hw we arrived.6.(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether/if I had returned the bks t the library,and I admitted that I hadn’t.
7.(2017·北京卷)Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street,nt knwing where she was heading.8.(2017·北京卷)Every year,whever makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.that→where2.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)My classmates and I are talking abut hw t d during the hliday.hw→what3.After lking at the ty fr sme time,he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.去掉where或where→that
考点一 名词性从句的引导词
考点二 主语从句1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it做形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。it做形式主语后接that引导的主语从句时,that不可以省略。what引导的主语从句不能用it做形式主语代替。Hw we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel.我们理解事物的方式与我们的感受有很大关系。Exactly when the ptat was intrduced int Eurpe is uncertain,but it was prbably arund 1565.马铃薯具体是在什么时候被引入欧洲的并不确定,但有可能是在1565年左右。
What makes the bk s extrardinary is the creative imaginatin f the writer.使这本书非同寻常的是这位作家创造性的想象力。That she will succeed is certain.→It is certain that she will succeed.她肯定会成功。
2.it做形式主语的常见句型(1)It is+名词(n wnder,an hnr,a gd thing,a pity,n surprise等)+that从句。It is n surprise that we will win the match.我们将会赢得比赛这一点也不惊奇。(2)It is+形容词(bvius,true,natural,surprising,gd,funny,pssible,likely,certain等)+that从句。It is certain that he will cme.他会来,这一点很肯定。(3)It is+过去分词(said,reprted,thught,expected,decided,annunced等)+that从句。It is said that Mr.Smith has arrived.据说史密斯先生已经到了。
考点三 宾语从句1.动词和介词后面都可以跟宾语从句。大多数及物动词(hpe,tell,say等)后可以跟宾语从句。介词后只能跟wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。We must find ut when Karl is cming,s we can bk a rm fr him.我们必须弄明白卡尔会在什么时候到来,这样我们就可以为他订房间了。Pick yurself up.Curage is ding what yu’re afraid t d.振作起来。勇气就是去做你害怕做的事。It’s gd t knw that the dgs will be well cared fr while we’re away.得知在我们离开期间这些狗将会受到很好的照顾真是太好了。I dn’t think (that) yu are right.我认为你不对。
2.动词find,feel,think,cnsider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时,需用it做形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day.我认为我们有必要每天喝足够的开水。3.hate,enjy,like,lve,dislike,see t等后接宾语从句时,常在从句前面加it。I hate it when they talk with their muths full f fd.我不喜欢人们吃着东西说话。4.sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,surprised等形容词后也可接宾语从句。I’m sure that they can make it.我确定他们会成功。
考点四 表语从句1.跟在be或者其他系动词后的从句为表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略。The best mment fr the ftball star was when he scred the winning gal.对足球明星来说最好的时刻就是他进决胜球的时候。As Jhn Lennn nce said,life is what/whatever happens t yu while yu are busy making ther plans.正如约翰·列侬曾经说过的,生活就是当你忙于制订其他的计划时,所发生在你身上的事情。The message f Saving Private Ryan is that humans want peace,nt war.《拯救大兵瑞恩》传达的信息是人们想要和平而不是战争。
2.主句主语为idea,advice,suggestin,rder,request,requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语应该用“shuld+动词原形”的形式,shuld可以省略。His suggestin is that we (shuld) change ur curse.他建议我们改变航线。3.主语为名词reasn时,表语从句的连接词用that,不用why或者because。The reasn fr the accident is that the driver was t careless.事故的原因是司机太大意。
4.because,as if,as thugh,as等也可引导表语从句。Frm space,the earth lks blue.This is because abut seventy-ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.从太空看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%的地方被水覆盖着。
考点五 同位语从句同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词的内容或者性质的从句。1.常见的能接同位语从句的名词有:belief,fact,hpe,idea,dubt,news,cnclusin,suggestin,prblem,rder,answer,decisin,explanatin,infrmatin,thught,wrd等。It was sad news that a music prfessr in Beijing cmmitted suicide days ag.几天前,北京的一位音乐教授自杀了,这是个不幸的消息。Peple all ver the wrld have a dream that they will always live a peaceful life.全世界的人民都有一个梦想,即永远过着和平的生活。
2.同位语从句一般用that引导,但根据语境的不同,也可以用其他的连接代词和连接副词。引导同位语从句的that不能省略。—Is it true that Mike refused an ffer frm Yale University yesterday?—Yeah,but I have n idea why he did it;that’s ne f his favrite universities.——昨天迈克拒绝接受来自耶鲁大学的录取通知书是真的吗?——是的,但是我不能理解他为什么这样做;那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。3.有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而是被别的成分隔开。The stry ges that William Tell did kill the king.故事流传说威廉·泰尔确实杀了国王。
4.dubt后面的从句要根据具体情况选择引导词。dubt用于肯定句时,其后的宾语从句用whether/if引导,同位语从句用whether引导;用于否定句时,宾语从句和同位语从句都用that引导。Yu can cmplain,but I dubt whether it will make any difference.你可以发牢骚,但我对这样做是否有用表示怀疑。There is n dubt that we will have an exam next week.毫无疑问下周我们要考试。
考点六 whether与if引导的从句whether与if 当“是否”讲时,在下列情况下只用whether,不用if:1.引导主语从句并用在句首时。Whether yu are n gd terms with yur classmates will affect yur md.你与同学相处得是否融洽会影响你的情绪。2.引导表语从句和同位语从句时。We shuld discuss the questin whether we can finish it n time carefully.我们要认真讨论一下我们是否能按时完成任务这个问题。3.所引导的从句做介词宾语时。It all depends n whether they will lend us the mney.这都要看他们是否会借给我们钱。
4.后面直接跟“r nt”时。I didn’t knw whether r nt he had arrived in Beijing.我不知道他是否已经到达了北京。5.后接动词不定式时。I dn’t knw whether t g t the party.我不知道是否去参加聚会。
考点七 that,what与which1.that 引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用,也没有任何含义;that 引导的宾语从句一般不做介词的宾语(介词but,except,besides,in除外)。That he failed the exam made me surprised.(主语从句,that不充当从句成分)他考试没及格令我很惊讶。He is a gd student except that he is a little careless.除了有点粗心以外,他是一个好学生。
2.what引导名词性从句时,其意义为“……的人/物/数目等”,在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。what具有双重作用,既能引导从句,又能在从句中做成分。做主语、宾语和表语时what可以分解成“定语从句的先行词+关系代词”,即常说的“先行词+that”。“Every time yu eat a sweet,drink green tea.” This is what my mther used t tell me.(what 指“……说的话”)“每次吃糖,要喝点绿茶。” 这是我母亲过去常告诉我的。A ship in harbr is safe,but that’s nt what ships are built fr.(做fr的宾语,意思为“什么样的用途”)船停泊在港湾里会很安全,但人们把它造出来可不是为了这个目的。Yu will knw what side effect the medicine brings abut.(做定语,意思为“什么样的”)
你将会知道这种药会带来什么副作用。He lives in what we call “spring city”.(表示“……的地方”)=He lives in the place that we call “spring city”.他住在一个叫“春城”的地方。Yu dn’t knw what gd students they are.(表示“多么”,此为感叹句用于宾语从句中)你不知道他们是多么好的学生。
3.which 引导名词性从句,其意义为“哪一个”,可以指人也可以指物,是在已知的具体的人、事、物当中进行选择;引导定语从句时,只能当关系代词,在从句中做主语或宾语,且只能指物。Tell me which bk yu like better,the red ne r the blue ne?I will buy the bk which yu chse fr yu.告诉我你更喜欢哪本书,红色的还是蓝色的?我给你买你选中的那本。4.A is t B what C is t D.A对于B 就像C对于D一样。Air is t us what water is t fish.空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样。
Ⅰ.单句填空1.Befre the sales start,I make a list f what my kids will need fr the cming struck me mst in the mvie was the father’s deep lve fr his study hw human brains wrk t make science has given clear evidence that smking can lead t many speaking,being hard-wrking is just what it takes t be successful in yur shcking news made me realize what terrible prblems we wuld face.
7.I’m afraid he’s mre f a talker than a der,which is why he never finishes ’ve ffered her the jb,but I dn’t knw whether/if she’ll accept never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his ntice came arund tw ’clck in the afternn that the meeting wuld be put ff.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.It’s uncertain that the experiment is wrth ding.that→whether2.This is a fact that English is widely used as an internatinal language.This→It3.When we’ll finish translating the bk depend n the time.depend→depends4.The reasn why he failed in the exam was because he was t careless.because→that5.At the meeting he raised a questin if the prject wuld be cancelled.if→whether
Ⅲ.语篇填空Andrew was ging fr a sales jb interview.He knew he had the least experience t get the jb.In fact he wasn’t even sure 1.hw he’d gt the he did knw was that he was very thankful fr the pprtunity given t him.Thugh the interview 3.went(g) well,it was impressed n him again 4.that cmpared with the ther candidates he didn’t have the ability 5.t get(get) the jb.As he left the building,he gave the receptinist 6. an envelp.Inside was a thank-yu nte fr the man 7.wh/that had just interviewed him,thanking him fr his time and fr the pprtunity.
Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)I’m nt sure wh is mre frightened,me r the female grilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.2.(2018·北京卷)Withut his supprt,we wuldn’t be where/what we are nw.3.(2018·北京卷)This is what my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.4.(2018·天津卷)The gld medal will be awarded t whever wins the first place in the bicycle race.5.(2018·江苏卷)By bat is the nly way t get here,which is hw we arrived.6.(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether/if I had returned the bks t the library,and I admitted that I hadn’t.
7.(2017·北京卷)Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street,nt knwing where she was heading.8.(2017·北京卷)Every year,whever makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.that→where2.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)My classmates and I are talking abut hw t d during the hliday.hw→what3.After lking at the ty fr sme time,he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.去掉where或where→that
考点一 名词性从句的引导词
考点二 主语从句1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it做形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。it做形式主语后接that引导的主语从句时,that不可以省略。what引导的主语从句不能用it做形式主语代替。Hw we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel.我们理解事物的方式与我们的感受有很大关系。Exactly when the ptat was intrduced int Eurpe is uncertain,but it was prbably arund 1565.马铃薯具体是在什么时候被引入欧洲的并不确定,但有可能是在1565年左右。
What makes the bk s extrardinary is the creative imaginatin f the writer.使这本书非同寻常的是这位作家创造性的想象力。That she will succeed is certain.→It is certain that she will succeed.她肯定会成功。
2.it做形式主语的常见句型(1)It is+名词(n wnder,an hnr,a gd thing,a pity,n surprise等)+that从句。It is n surprise that we will win the match.我们将会赢得比赛这一点也不惊奇。(2)It is+形容词(bvius,true,natural,surprising,gd,funny,pssible,likely,certain等)+that从句。It is certain that he will cme.他会来,这一点很肯定。(3)It is+过去分词(said,reprted,thught,expected,decided,annunced等)+that从句。It is said that Mr.Smith has arrived.据说史密斯先生已经到了。
考点三 宾语从句1.动词和介词后面都可以跟宾语从句。大多数及物动词(hpe,tell,say等)后可以跟宾语从句。介词后只能跟wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。We must find ut when Karl is cming,s we can bk a rm fr him.我们必须弄明白卡尔会在什么时候到来,这样我们就可以为他订房间了。Pick yurself up.Curage is ding what yu’re afraid t d.振作起来。勇气就是去做你害怕做的事。It’s gd t knw that the dgs will be well cared fr while we’re away.得知在我们离开期间这些狗将会受到很好的照顾真是太好了。I dn’t think (that) yu are right.我认为你不对。
2.动词find,feel,think,cnsider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时,需用it做形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day.我认为我们有必要每天喝足够的开水。3.hate,enjy,like,lve,dislike,see t等后接宾语从句时,常在从句前面加it。I hate it when they talk with their muths full f fd.我不喜欢人们吃着东西说话。4.sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,surprised等形容词后也可接宾语从句。I’m sure that they can make it.我确定他们会成功。
考点四 表语从句1.跟在be或者其他系动词后的从句为表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略。The best mment fr the ftball star was when he scred the winning gal.对足球明星来说最好的时刻就是他进决胜球的时候。As Jhn Lennn nce said,life is what/whatever happens t yu while yu are busy making ther plans.正如约翰·列侬曾经说过的,生活就是当你忙于制订其他的计划时,所发生在你身上的事情。The message f Saving Private Ryan is that humans want peace,nt war.《拯救大兵瑞恩》传达的信息是人们想要和平而不是战争。
2.主句主语为idea,advice,suggestin,rder,request,requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语应该用“shuld+动词原形”的形式,shuld可以省略。His suggestin is that we (shuld) change ur curse.他建议我们改变航线。3.主语为名词reasn时,表语从句的连接词用that,不用why或者because。The reasn fr the accident is that the driver was t careless.事故的原因是司机太大意。
4.because,as if,as thugh,as等也可引导表语从句。Frm space,the earth lks blue.This is because abut seventy-ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.从太空看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%的地方被水覆盖着。
考点五 同位语从句同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词的内容或者性质的从句。1.常见的能接同位语从句的名词有:belief,fact,hpe,idea,dubt,news,cnclusin,suggestin,prblem,rder,answer,decisin,explanatin,infrmatin,thught,wrd等。It was sad news that a music prfessr in Beijing cmmitted suicide days ag.几天前,北京的一位音乐教授自杀了,这是个不幸的消息。Peple all ver the wrld have a dream that they will always live a peaceful life.全世界的人民都有一个梦想,即永远过着和平的生活。
2.同位语从句一般用that引导,但根据语境的不同,也可以用其他的连接代词和连接副词。引导同位语从句的that不能省略。—Is it true that Mike refused an ffer frm Yale University yesterday?—Yeah,but I have n idea why he did it;that’s ne f his favrite universities.——昨天迈克拒绝接受来自耶鲁大学的录取通知书是真的吗?——是的,但是我不能理解他为什么这样做;那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。3.有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而是被别的成分隔开。The stry ges that William Tell did kill the king.故事流传说威廉·泰尔确实杀了国王。
4.dubt后面的从句要根据具体情况选择引导词。dubt用于肯定句时,其后的宾语从句用whether/if引导,同位语从句用whether引导;用于否定句时,宾语从句和同位语从句都用that引导。Yu can cmplain,but I dubt whether it will make any difference.你可以发牢骚,但我对这样做是否有用表示怀疑。There is n dubt that we will have an exam next week.毫无疑问下周我们要考试。
考点六 whether与if引导的从句whether与if 当“是否”讲时,在下列情况下只用whether,不用if:1.引导主语从句并用在句首时。Whether yu are n gd terms with yur classmates will affect yur md.你与同学相处得是否融洽会影响你的情绪。2.引导表语从句和同位语从句时。We shuld discuss the questin whether we can finish it n time carefully.我们要认真讨论一下我们是否能按时完成任务这个问题。3.所引导的从句做介词宾语时。It all depends n whether they will lend us the mney.这都要看他们是否会借给我们钱。
4.后面直接跟“r nt”时。I didn’t knw whether r nt he had arrived in Beijing.我不知道他是否已经到达了北京。5.后接动词不定式时。I dn’t knw whether t g t the party.我不知道是否去参加聚会。
考点七 that,what与which1.that 引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用,也没有任何含义;that 引导的宾语从句一般不做介词的宾语(介词but,except,besides,in除外)。That he failed the exam made me surprised.(主语从句,that不充当从句成分)他考试没及格令我很惊讶。He is a gd student except that he is a little careless.除了有点粗心以外,他是一个好学生。
2.what引导名词性从句时,其意义为“……的人/物/数目等”,在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。what具有双重作用,既能引导从句,又能在从句中做成分。做主语、宾语和表语时what可以分解成“定语从句的先行词+关系代词”,即常说的“先行词+that”。“Every time yu eat a sweet,drink green tea.” This is what my mther used t tell me.(what 指“……说的话”)“每次吃糖,要喝点绿茶。” 这是我母亲过去常告诉我的。A ship in harbr is safe,but that’s nt what ships are built fr.(做fr的宾语,意思为“什么样的用途”)船停泊在港湾里会很安全,但人们把它造出来可不是为了这个目的。Yu will knw what side effect the medicine brings abut.(做定语,意思为“什么样的”)
你将会知道这种药会带来什么副作用。He lives in what we call “spring city”.(表示“……的地方”)=He lives in the place that we call “spring city”.他住在一个叫“春城”的地方。Yu dn’t knw what gd students they are.(表示“多么”,此为感叹句用于宾语从句中)你不知道他们是多么好的学生。
3.which 引导名词性从句,其意义为“哪一个”,可以指人也可以指物,是在已知的具体的人、事、物当中进行选择;引导定语从句时,只能当关系代词,在从句中做主语或宾语,且只能指物。Tell me which bk yu like better,the red ne r the blue ne?I will buy the bk which yu chse fr yu.告诉我你更喜欢哪本书,红色的还是蓝色的?我给你买你选中的那本。4.A is t B what C is t D.A对于B 就像C对于D一样。Air is t us what water is t fish.空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样。
Ⅰ.单句填空1.Befre the sales start,I make a list f what my kids will need fr the cming struck me mst in the mvie was the father’s deep lve fr his study hw human brains wrk t make science has given clear evidence that smking can lead t many speaking,being hard-wrking is just what it takes t be successful in yur shcking news made me realize what terrible prblems we wuld face.
7.I’m afraid he’s mre f a talker than a der,which is why he never finishes ’ve ffered her the jb,but I dn’t knw whether/if she’ll accept never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his ntice came arund tw ’clck in the afternn that the meeting wuld be put ff.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.It’s uncertain that the experiment is wrth ding.that→whether2.This is a fact that English is widely used as an internatinal language.This→It3.When we’ll finish translating the bk depend n the time.depend→depends4.The reasn why he failed in the exam was because he was t careless.because→that5.At the meeting he raised a questin if the prject wuld be cancelled.if→whether
Ⅲ.语篇填空Andrew was ging fr a sales jb interview.He knew he had the least experience t get the jb.In fact he wasn’t even sure 1.hw he’d gt the he did knw was that he was very thankful fr the pprtunity given t him.Thugh the interview 3.went(g) well,it was impressed n him again 4.that cmpared with the ther candidates he didn’t have the ability 5.t get(get) the jb.As he left the building,he gave the receptinist 6. an envelp.Inside was a thank-yu nte fr the man 7.wh/that had just interviewed him,thanking him fr his time and fr the pprtunity.
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