2018-2022年重庆中考英语5年真题1年模拟汇编 专题03 阅读理解（学生卷+教师卷）

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专题03 阅读理解

（2022·重庆·中考真题）①On January 4, the China National Traditional Orchestra(中央民族乐团) played some well-known traditional music in their concert. Audiences(观众) enjoyed the beautiful sounds guzheng, the powerful tunes of suona, the tearful notes of erhu and so on. Each traditional Chinese musical instrument tells its own story.
②“I’ve fallen in love with the sounds of traditional instruments, especially pipa, a four-stringed(弦) instrument with a history of more than 2,000 years. It can produce different sounds, such as the sounds of falling snow and raindrops. Every time I listen to a pipa tune, I have a strong feeling of peace,” said Yang Tian, an audience of the concert.
③However, a recent report suggests. ________ To wake up people’s love for traditional music, something creative has been done.
④In some traditional music concerts, VR(虚拟现实) technology is used to bring the star sky or the beautiful sandy view of Dunhuang to the music hall. It makes the experience like watching a 3D movie.
⑤Li Xiaobing, a music teacher from Beijing, mixes traditional folk(民间) singing, opera and Chinese instruments through technology. People are surprised at his works and they love them!
⑥Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music. They bring modern music like pop and rap into traditional music. When the east meets the west, the new form of music wins the hearts of both the old and the young.
⑦Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture, and with some creativity, great things happen.
1．Which of the following can be put in the ________?
A．pipa can not produce the sound of falling snow
B．traditional music is much better than modern music
C．the number of traditional music listeners is dropping
D．more young people show interest in traditional music
2．To wake up people’s love for traditional music, Li Xiao bing ________.
A．tells many tearful stories B．makes good 3D movies
C．mixes traditional music D．sings pop and rap songs
3．The structure(结构) of the passage is ________.
A． B．
C． D．
4．According to the passage, the writer believes ________.
A．traditional music should only be played in concerts
B．the ways to play traditional music must be changed
C．traditional music must remain unchanged all the time
D．traditional music with creativity will be more popular
【答案】1．C2．C3．B4．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国传统音乐的美。
1．推理判断题。根据“However, a recent report suggests.”可知，此处应介绍研究的结果，结合后句“To wake up people’s love for traditional music, something creative has been done.”可知，为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了一些创造性的事情，所以空处应表示人们对于传统音乐的关注和喜爱程度有所下降，选项C“传统音乐听众的数量正在下降”符合语境，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Li Xiaobing, a music teacher from Beijing, mixes traditional folk singing, opera and Chinese instruments through technology.”可知，来自北京的音乐教师Li Xiaobing通过技术将传统民歌、戏曲和中国乐器融合在一起。故选C。
3．篇章结构题。第一、二段介绍中国传统音乐的美以及一位喜欢传统音乐的人的评价；第三、四、五、六段介绍为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了哪些创造性的事情；第七段收尾。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture, and with some creativity, great things happen.”可知，传统音乐展示了我们文化的美，再加一些创造力，伟大的事情发生了。推测作者认为有创意的传统音乐会更受欢迎，故选D。
（2022·重庆·中考真题）Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun. What about free time with parents around? Some teenagers want free play without parents’ supervision(监管) while parents and experts(专家) may think differently.
Lin Tao, a middle school student, thinks teenagers should be free to play. “Last time I played with my parents around, I was nervous and just couldn’t enjoy myself to the fullest,” Lin says. “And my friend Chen Xiaoxin has similar experiences. Once, he went out to play with his classmates. Everyone felt uncomfortable with his mother’s supervision.”
Wang Min, a mother of a 14-year-old boy, thinks playtime needs supervision. She explains, “People usually say I like to control my kid, but that’s not true. I am just worried that he will get into trouble. Some guys may have a bad influence on him and some games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stories and can’t get back to real life.
Mr. Ma, a doctor of social studies, says it’s understandable for teenagers to wish for freedom. Free play helps them to be independent. Parents can give them more space. They don’t have to supervise them all the time. However, teenagers should find out the exact details(细节) about the activities before playtime. Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.
5．According to the passage, free time is a good chance for teenagers to ________.
A．study hard B．have fun C．get into trouble D．mislead parents
6．Lin Tao supports his own idea by ________.
A．listing numbers B．raising questions C．comparing facts D．giving examples
7．The underlined words “get indulged in” in Para.(段落)3 probably mean ________.
A．get lost in B．get interested in C．be tired of D．be proud of
8．According to the passage, which of the following may Mr. Ma support?
A．He Kai’s parents are around every time he plays with his friends.
B．Feng Zhongfan’s parents never ask him about whom he plays with.
C．Liu Xiang goes out without knowing anything about the activities.
D．Xie Hao talks to his parents about the exact details before playtime.
【答案】5．B6．D7．A8．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，就青少年空闲时间是否需要家长监督进行讨论，给出了几个学生的看法以及专家的建议。
5．细节理解题。根据“Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun.”可知，空闲时间是青少年玩乐的好机会。故选B。
6．推理判断题。分析第二段内容可知，林涛用自己和同学的例子支持自己的观点，故选D。
7．词句猜测题。分析“Some guys may have a bad influence on him and some games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stories and can’t get back to real life.”可知，有些人可能对他有不良影响，比如剧本杀，可能会让孩子们无法回到现实生活中，所以此处 get indulged in的意思是“沉迷，迷失”，故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据“However, teenagers should find out the exact details(细节) about the activities before playtime. Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.”可知，马博士认为青少年应该在游戏前弄清活动的具体细节，然后他们可以和父母交流，一起决定他们是否可以单独出去玩。选项D“谢浩在游戏前会和父母谈论游戏的具体细节”符合，故选D。
（2022·重庆·中考真题）
Welcome to our school farm! I’m Potato.

Dry me in the sun for 2 hours.

Plant me about 20cm deep in the ground. Use the soil in No. 6 box.

The best temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃.

After 2 or 3 weeks. A potato plant will rise out of the ground.

The potato plant will flower.

When the flowers die, carefully dig up the potato plant. Then you’ll have your own potatoes.

9．Dry me in the sun for ________.A．2 hours B．20 hours C．8 days D．15 days
10．Plant me ________.
A．on the leaves B．on the moon C．in the hat D．in the ground
11．Carefully dig up the potato plant when ________.
A．the soil is wet B．the temperature is 15℃
C．the flowers die D．you see the school farm
【答案】9．A10．D11．C
【导语】
本文以第一人称介绍了种植土豆的过程。
9．细节理解题。根据“Dry me in the sun for 2 hours.”可知要在阳光下晒2小时。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“Plant me about 20cm deep in the ground.”可知要把土豆种在地里。故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据“When the flowers die, carefully dig up the potato plant.”可知当土豆的花凋谢时，小心地把它挖出来。故选C。
（2022·重庆·中考真题）We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process (过程).
Let’s look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity (重力)”.
This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.
Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine “gravity” carefully. He experimented (实验). Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school, we prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.
12．You may read the passage in a ________.
A．notice B．picture C．magazine D．dictionary
13．The underlined word “eureka” in Paragraph (段落) 4 probably means “________”.
A．I’ve got it B．I give up C．I’ve no idea D．I believe it
14．The writer mainly develops his idea by ________.
A．raising questions B．giving examples
C．listing numbers D．explaining differences
15．The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of ________.
a. He caught the right moment.   b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree.   d. He studied mathematics for long.
A．a-c-d-b B．b-a-c-d C．a-b-c-d D．d-c-a-b
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．B
15．D
【导语】
本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。
12．推理判断题。本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。有可能在杂志中读到。故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据“But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.”及“This story has become one of the most popular examples”可知此处表示牛顿发现“重力”的事情是一个重大发现的例子，eureka意为“（欢呼）找到了；有了”，即“I’ve got it”。故选A。
14．篇章结构题。根据“While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process.”及文中就牛顿的事例作出的讨论，可知作者主要通过举例子来阐述他的思想。故选B。
15．排序题。根据“Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. ... The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years. ... He experimented.”可知牛顿学了很久数学（d），之后他看见一个苹果从树上掉下来（c），他抓住了这个时刻（a）并反复做实验（b），正确的排序是d-c-a-b。故选D。
（2022·重庆·中考真题）①Since the first man looked up at the flying birds, countless successes have been achieved on the way up to the sky. From the stones thrown into the air to airships of all kinds, pioneers of humans never failed to let their imagination run wild.
②Stories of pioneers go back to centuries ago.
③Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC and is thought to be the earliest example of man-made flight.
④From the 3rd century BC, the sky lantern (灯笼) was known in China. Many people believe that it was invented by Zhuge Liang in the war. Some say he wrote a message on a sky lantern for help, while others believe sky lanterns were used to drive the enemies away.
⑤Whichever is true, humans have never stopped, and they never will. In modem times, new fields are being explored (探索).
⑥In 1993, the world’s largest hot air airship was built. The AS-300 carried an underslung raft (悬挂式木筏). It allowed a team of French scientists to carry out their treetop researches without too much harm to the rain forest.
⑦On May 15, 2022, Chinese scientists sent up the latest model of “Jimu No.1”, China’s self-developed airship, to collect weather information on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
⑧The airship would work at a world-record altitude (海拔) of 9,032 meters. It was the first time an airship of its size had reached this height, even higher than that of the 8,849-meter-tall Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world.
16．According to the passage, we learn ________.
A．Zhuge Liang was believed to invent kites
B．sky lanterns were used just for fun in China
C．kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC
D．sky lanterns were known in China before the 3th century BC
17．Both the AS-300 and the latest model of “Jimu No.1” are airships which ________.
A．were harmful to the forest B．broke a world record each
C．reached the highest mountain D．helped with treetop researches
18．The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.
A．share humorous stories about the pioneers B．show how excellent ancient people were
C．encourage us to learn more about imagination D．praise the never-ending exploration into the sky
19．The structure (结构) of the passage is ________.
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】16．C
17．B
18．D
19．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了人类从古至今永不停止地探索天空。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC”可知中国放风筝可以追溯到公元前5世纪。故选C。
17．
细节理解题。根据“In 1993, the world’s largest hot air airship was built”以及“Chinese scientists sent up the latest model”可知AS-300是最大的热气球，极目一号是最新的飞艇，所以它们各自打破了世界纪录。故选B。
18．
主旨大意题。根据“humans have never stopped, and they never will”以及本文内容可知本文主要介绍了人类从古至今永不停止地探索天空，故作者写这篇文章是为了赞扬这种精神。故选D。
19．
篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入了话题；第二段和第五段分别引入了古代和现代对天空的探索，第三段和第四段描述的是古代人对天空的探索，第六段描述现代前期的探索；第七段和第八段是最近的探索。故选项A符合本文的结构。故选A。
（2022·重庆·中考真题）

When Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes, kids look at him in surprise thinking he is a magician.
Xiong has been blowing sugar figurines (吹糖人) for over twenty years. Blowing sugar figurines is a Chinese traditional folk (民间) art with a history of over 600 years and has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage.
Every morning, Xiong prepares the sugar and drives to different markets in Nanchang to start his magic show.
He heats (加热) the sugar, pulls off a little to make a ball and blows it into different shapes — a rabbit, a monkey, and even Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
People, especially little kids, are interested in his skills. ________, he also stops by colleges.
Many college students have been drawn to the art, waiting in line for hands-on experience. Among them, Simon, a foreign student, couldn’t help having a try. Though it looked easy, he found it difficult to make it. Thanks to Xiong’s help. Simon finally saw a horse slowly taking shape.
Simon was deeply moved after learning about the art. “I just can’t believe the traditional folk art can be kept so well here. I love it. Chinese culture should be spread around the world,” he said.
This art has been passed down for four generations (代) in Xiong’s family. His 6-year-old son often blows sugar balloons, just like what he used to do as a child.
“We will pass on the intangible heritage,” said Xiong.
20．From the passage we can learn that Xiong Chuanfa is ________.
A．26 years old B．34 years old C．a bus driver D．a foreign magician
21．Which of the following can be put in the ________?
A．To draw young people closer to the art B．To help young people learn drawing skills
C．To teach little kids the skills of drawing D．To make little kids more interested in the art
22．According to the passage, we can infer (推断) that Simon will most probably ________.
A．stay in China to blow sugar horses B．offer Xiong a helping hand in class
C．learn more about Chinese culture D．blosy perfect sugar figurines next time
23．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Xiong and His Folk Art of Sweet Blows B．A Magic Folk Art and Chinese Culture
C．Xiong’s Family and Sugar Figurine Skills D．A Guide and the Intangible Heritages
【答案】20．B
21．A
22．C
23．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
20．
细节理解题。根据“When Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes”可知，他今年34岁，故选B。
21．
推理判断题。根据“People, especially little kids, are interested in his skills”及“he also stops by colleges”可知，在大学表演这种艺术是为了吸引年轻人接近这种传统艺术，故选A。
22．
推理判断题。根据“I love it. Chinese culture should be spread around the world”可知，他认为传统文化应该广为传播，所以他最可能要更多了解中国文化，故选C。
23．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，所以A选项符合本文标题，故选A。
（2021·重庆·中考真题）China has named the nation’s first Mars rover（火星车）ZhuRong. For all of us, Zhu Rong is a well-suited name.
In an ancient Chinese story, Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. H rode on two dragons. When he had a big fight with Gong Gong, the god of water, Zhu Rong won. But after the fight, the human world came into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.
“Zhu Rong is regarded as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture,” a space official said. “The first Mars rover was named Zhu Rong. The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country, and means to guide humans to continue exploration.”
After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May. In recent years, our country has sent up the world’s first quantum satellite（量子卫星）, and Chang’e-4 has made a soft landing on the moon. We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start building our own space station.
24．What Zhu Rong brought from heaven to the world was ________.
A．fire B．wars C．water D．animals
25．For China’s space exploration, the name Zhu Rong symbolizes ________.
A．a big fight B．complete darkness C．light and hope D．Chinese culture
26．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to “________”.
A．the earth B．Mars C．the moon D．the sun
27．According to the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story
B．China has made great progress in space technology
C．the writer is proud of China’s space technology
D．the official doesn’t like the name Zhu Rong
【答案】24．A
25．C
26．B
27．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍全国第一个火星探测器——祝融。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.”可知，祝融把火从天国带到人间，故选A。
25．
细节理解题。根据“The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country, and means to guide humans to continue exploration.”可知，这个名字象征着我国太空探索的光明和希望，意味着引导人类继续探索，故选C。
26．
推理判断题。分析“After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May.”可知，在去年夏天离开地球后，祝融绕火星飞行了几个月，并于5月在火星上着陆。此处it指的是“火星”，故选B。
27．
推理判断题。根据“We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start building our own space station.”可知，我们在太空技术上取得了巨大进步，不久将开始建设我们自己的空间站，所以作者为中国的航天技术感到自豪，故选C。
（2021·重庆·中考真题）Liu Xiuxiang was born in a poor family. When he was 4, his father died. His mother developed mental（精神的） health problems. When he was 10, his elder brother and sisters left and never returned. To make a living, Liu collected rubbish, and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations. However difficult it was, he never gave up his study.
In 2007, Liu failed the Gaokao. He got lost. He wondered if he should continue studying. After working in a bathhouse for about 50 days, he decided to go back to school. In 2008, he finally passed the Gaokao and went to university.
After graduation, he became a history teacher in his hometown. “I want to come back to tell the children, who are as poor and lost as I was, that education has changed my life. “Liu set a good example for them to take control of lives through education.
Now Liu gives speeches around the country. His story inspires（鼓舞） many students and encourages people to help those from poor families. Since 2012, he has helped more than 1,900 students and called on more teachers to work in poor areas to improve the quality（质量） of education.
Liu was titled “the most beautiful teacher” in 2020. His story moves us a lot.
28．How long did Liu Xiuxiang work during summer vacations in high school?
A．4 hours a day. B．10 hours a day. C．12 hours a day. D．18 hours a day.
29．The underlined word “lost” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.
A．丢失的 B．错过的 C．迷路的 D．迷茫的
30．Liu Xiuxiang set a good example for the children to take control of lives through ________.
A．speeches B．money C．education D．jobs
31．The passage is written in the order of ________.
A．space B．time C．persons D．opinion
【答案】28．D
29．D
30．C
31．B
【分析】
本文主要讲述了刘秀祥在从小如此困难的情况下，仍然坚持求学，最后是教育改变了他的人生，他的经历鼓舞着许多学生，他也帮助了许多学生和教师提高教学质量，在2020年他被评选为“全国最美教师”荣誉称号。
28．
细节理解题。根据“To make a living, Liu collected rubbish, and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations.”可知，一天工作18个小时，故选D。
29．
词义猜测题。根据“In 2007, Liu failed the Gaokao”及“He wondered if he should continue studying”可知，高考失败后他非常迷茫，不知道是否还要继续学习，所以lost表示“迷茫的”，故选D。
30．
细节理解题。根据“Liu set a good example for them to take control of lives through education”可知，为他们树立了一个通过教育掌握生活的好榜样，故选C。
31．
推理判断题。根据“When he was 4”，“ When he was 10”，“In 2007, Liu failed the Gaokao”和“In 2008”可知，本文是按照时间顺序讲述的，故选B。
（2021·重庆·中考真题）
Build for yourself a strong box.Build each part with care;
When it strong as your hand can make it,
Put all your troubles there.
Hide there all thought of your failures.
And each pain that you take;
Lock all your heartaches in it,
Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh
Tell no one else what’s inside,Never share its secrets;
When you’ve dropped in your care and worry,
Keep them for ever there.
Hide them from sight（视野）so completely
That the world will never dream half;
Cover the strong box safely,
Then sit on the lid and laugh.

32．The material above is probably ________.A．a story B．a play C．a poem D．a letter
33．What does the writer advise us to put in the box?
A．Happy things. B．Sad things. C．Interesting things. D．Boring things.
34．According to the writer, we’d better keep these things in the box ________.
A．for ever B．for a year C．for a month D．for a week
35．After covering the box with the lid, we can sit on it and ________.
A．cry B．share C．dream D．laugh
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【分析】
本文是关于如何解决烦恼和痛苦的一首诗歌。
32．
推理判断题。根据本文的格式和句式可推断，这是一首诗歌，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Put all your troubles there”可知，把自己所有的难过，困扰放在这个盒子里，故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据“Keep them for ever there.”可知，最好让这些东西永远留在盒子里，故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据“Then sit on the lid and laugh”可知，坐在上面大笑，故选D。
（2021·重庆·中考真题）
2021 is the year of the ox（牛）. In March, a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting, Five Oxen, came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China, as well as the importance of agriculture（农业） in history.
Han Huang (723-787) was the painter of Five Oxen. He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty. His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive. Unluckily, Five Oxen is probably his only painting left.
Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China’s art history. In the painting, the five oxen are in a line. They are of different colors and shapes. And each has a different appearance（形态）, walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. With lively expressions and bright eyes, the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints（抱怨）. As the name suggests, ▲ . It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves.
The painting was missing in 1900. Luckily, it returned to China during the early 1950s. However, it was terribly broken with many holes in it. Great efforts were made to save it. Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
36．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refers to “________”.
A．The year of the ox B．The set of stamps
C．The Tang Dynasty D．The painting Five Oxen
37．Han Huang’s paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so ________.
A．alive B．bright C．lucky D．colorful
38．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ?
A．the ox is very popular in the Tang Dynasty
B．the ox is a symbol of Chinese traditional culture
C．the painting is of the five oxen with no special background
D．the painting wants to tell people to work hard and creatively
39．This passage mainly wants to tell us that ________.
A．Five Oxen is Han’s only painting left B．oxen have different colors and shapes
C．oxen are very hard-working animals D．Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful
【答案】36．B
37．A
38．C
39．D
【导语】
本文介绍了《五牛图》的作者以及画的内容。
36．
词义猜测题。根据“In March, a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting, Five Oxen, came out.”可知，it指代前文提到的《五牛图》的邮票，故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据“His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive”可知，因为他画的动物很生动，故选A。
38．
句意猜测题。根据后文“It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves”可知，这幅图只是让人们关注牛本身，而无其他的特殊意思，所以此处应介绍这副图的背景内容，C选项“这幅画是五头公牛，没有特殊的背景”符合，故选C。
39．
主旨大意题。根据“Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China’s art history”及“Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing”可知，本文主要想告诉读者这幅图的价值和意义，故选D。
（2020·重庆·中考真题）When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005, she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots worked but few showed interest, "But now, it's different," Says Nejat, "People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready." Nejať's robots are designed to fill an increasing need: care-giving for the old. The population of the people over age 80 will be 426 million in 2050, three times larger than that now.
Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆症 ). They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding(提醒) the patients of taking their medicine. They can also play games with patients to keep them active.
Some have worried that care-giving robots might reduce (减少 ) human interaction (互动) and cause more humans to lose their jobs. "But the aim is to support human care, not to take the place of it" says Brian Scassellati. He has tested robots with different patients, and found that daily interaction with robots can help children with autism spectrum disorder(自闭障碍症) improve social skills.
As a field grows, scientists aim to understand human-robot relationships better. Do robots offer advantages because they don't have feelings and don't give opinions? Will patients lose interest?
"One thing is clear," Scassellati says, "Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future. "
40．Nejat's robots are designed to________.
A．work in the factory B．make phone calls
C．take care of the old D．knock on doors
41．The writer starts the passage by________.
A．telling two stories B．comparing two facts
C．raising a question D．giving an example
42．The main idea of Paragraph 3 is________.
A．what the robots can do B．what serious problems the robots cause
C．what the old people can do D．what the old people think of the robots
43．According to Scassellati, we can infer that Nejat's robots ________.
A．will have feelings soon B．can take the place of humans
C．should be produced more D．won't give their own opinions
【答案】40．C
41．B
42．A
43．C
【分析】
本文主要讲了Nejat的机器人从无人问津到需求量变大，说明这种照顾老年人的机器人越来越受欢迎。
40．
细节理解题。根据上文Nejať's robots are designed to fill an increasing need: care-giving for the old. Nejat的机器人是为了满足日益增长的需求而设计：照顾老人，故选C。
41．
推理判断题。根据上文When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005, …People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready." 2005年，当戈迪·尼贾特开始开发机器人时，她花了很多时间上门，让人们知道她的机器人是如何工作的，但很少有人表现出兴趣，“但现在，情况不同了，”来自世界各地的人们问我的机器人什么时候准备好，可知文章开头用两个事实作比较，体现了他设计的机器人越来越满足人们的需求，故选B。
42．
主旨大意题。根据第三段的主题句But the aim is to support human care, not to take the place of it 但其目的是辅助照顾人类，而不是取代它，并举例He has tested robots with different patients…improve social skills. 他用不同患者对机器人进行了测试，发现与机器人的日常互动可以帮助自闭障碍症儿童提高社交技能。可知本段主要讲机器人的主要工作，故选A。
43．
推理判断题。根据"One thing is clear," Scassellati says, "Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future. " “有一件事是清楚的，”斯卡塞拉蒂说，“机器人可以为客户提供照顾，这一需求在未来会增加。”他说，由此可推断人们对尼贾特机器人的需求会增加，因此机器人的产量也会提高，故选C。
（2020·重庆·中考真题）Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people. Since Wuhan was unlocked on April 8, there have been many people lining up at snack shops there.
In the evening, hundreds of street-side stalls(摊位) come out on the street and provide popular snacks and local food at low prices. Travelers can enjoy hot dry noodles, tasty chicken soup and Chinese dumplings... Don't miss Jiujiu duck necks. Chi Li, a popular writer, tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show. Thousands of people come to search for the scenes (场景) in the novel.
Local people like to order several best-known dishes and some bottles of beer and spend their evening time with friends there. For travelers, another exciting thing is the folk music performed by folk musicians at your table. You can enjoy delicious food when listening to music.
With the street becoming busy, the city began to breathe again.
44．Jiqing Street is a good place to________.
A．study English B．try local food
C．tell love stories D．go skating
45．According to the passage, Chi Li mentions________ in her novel Life Show.
A．Chinese dumplings B．hot dry noodles
C．chicken soup D．duck necks
46．How do you understand the underlined part "the city began to breathe again" in the last paragraph?
A．The air becomes fresh again. B．The water gets clearer.
C．The city becomes lively again. D．The food gets nicer.
47．The material is probably from________.
A．a travel website B．a history book
C．a science magazine D．a dictionary
【答案】44．B
45．D
46．C
47．A
【分析】
武汉的吉庆街是品尝当地美食、体验当地人日常生活的好地方。自从4月8日，武汉解封以来，那里的小吃店前就开始有很多人排队了，街道又开始忙碌起来，武汉这座城市苏醒过来了。
44．
细节理解题。根据短文开头“Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people.”可知，武汉的吉庆街是品尝当地美食、体验当地人生活的好地方。故选B。
45．
细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Chi Li, a popular writer, tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show.”可知，作家池莉在她的小说中提到了鸭脖。故选D。
46．
句意猜测题。根据短文第一段“Since Wuhan was unlocked on April 8”，结合背景常识可知，因为新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，武汉从1月23日开始封城，到4月8日解封。文章从介绍人们对武汉当地美食的喜爱这个角度，告诉我们这座城市重新焕发了生机。C选项“这座城市又活跃起来了”符合语境，故选C。
47．
推理判断题。A“旅行网站”；B“历史书”；C“科学杂志”；D“字典”。根据文意可知，这篇短文介绍了武汉解封以来，当地的人们以及游客们又可以享受武汉美食了。短文第二段“Travelers can enjoy hot dry noodles, tasty chicken soup and Chinese dumplings...”和第三段“For travelers, another exciting thing is the folk music performed by folk musicians at your table.”都提到了游客们可以……，因此A选项最符合语境，故选A。
（2019·重庆·中考真题）Mr. Brown was writer. He wrote many books, and the thought they were quite good. He lived in the city. One morning, he went to a small town near the city to visit a friend. He went there by bus. When he got to the town,he saw a bookshop not far from the bus stop. As it was early, he decided to go in and have a look. There were many books in he shop. He was very happy that all the books in the shop were written by him. “Where are other writer’s books?” he asked the man in the shop. The man looked up at him and answered, “Oh, they are all sold out.”
48．Mr.Brown was a __________.
A．teacher B．doctor C．writer D．farmer
49．Mr. Brown went to the town to __________.
A．visit his friend B．sell his books C．have a holiday D．buy a present
50．All the books in the shop were written by Mr. Brown because ________.
A．the man in the shop only liked his books
B．the man in the shop was Mr. Brown’s friend
C．his books were better than the other writer’s
D．the other’s book were all sold out
【答案】48．C
49．A
50．D
【分析】
短文大意：布朗先生是一位作家，他认为自己写的书很好。一天他去一个小镇拜访一位朋友，途经一家书店，很高兴看到店里所有的书都是他写的，他询问店员其他作家的书呢，店员告诉他其他作家写的书都卖完了。
48．细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“Mr. Brown was writer.”可知，布朗先生是一名作家。故答案为C。
49．细节理解题。根据第二行中的句子“One morning, he went to a small town near the city to visit a friend.”可知，布朗先生去城市附近的一个小镇拜访一位朋友。答案为A。
50．细节理解题。根据短文最后一句“Oh, they are all sold out.”可知，商店里所有的书都是布朗先生写的，因为其他作家写的书都卖完了。故答案为D。
（2019·重庆·中考真题）When Tim was a boy, he met a girl named Rose. They became close friends because they both dreamt of going to Wonderland. They promised to each other that one day they would build a house there.
Before long, they got married and moved to the old house where they first met. They lived a happy life there and decided to save money for their dream to Wonderland. But life wasn’t easy. Year after year, they always had to spend their fund on more pressing(迫切的) needs. Sadly, Wonderland remained a dream when Rose died.
Living in the house alone, Tim missed Rose so much and would often think of the dream they once shared. One day, the 78-year-old man made up his mind. He bought thousands of ballnoons to help his house fly in the sky. Then he started, flying to Wonderland.
On the journey, Tim met a child, Dan, and invited him in. Something exciting happened. Lucky, a talking dog, joined in. They fought against a bad man and saved Kris, a bird who couldn’t fly. With the help of the flying house, they continued their journey.
In the end, Tim realized his dream. Together with his new friends, he landed his house at Wonderland.
51．______was Tim’s wife.
A．Lucky B．Kris C．Rose D．Dan
52．The underlined word “fund” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A．life B．money C．house D．children
53．The passage is written in the order of ______.
A．space B．time C．feelings D．subjects
54．The best title of the passage may be “_________”.
A．Fly to Wonderland B．An Exciting Trip
C．Share the Same Dream D．An old house
【答案】51．C
52．B
53．B
54．A
【分析】
文章大意：短文从蒂姆小时候写起，到后来与妻子罗丝结婚，生活一直都不容易，梦想去仙境是蒂姆以及妻子终生的目标，妻子死后蒂姆独自一人生活，在他78岁的时候，把房子搬到了仙境的梦想终于实现了。
51．细节理解题。根据文章第一二段开头的句子“When Tim was a boy, he met a girl named Rose. Before long, they got married and moved to the old house where they first met.”可知，罗丝是蒂姆的妻子。故答案为C。
52．词义猜测题。根据前面的句子“They lived a happy life there and decided to save money for their dream to Wonderland.他们在那里过着幸福的生活，决定为梦游仙境存钱”。再结合“fund”所在的句子they always had to spend their fund on more pressing(迫切的) needs.可知，他们总是把资金花在更紧迫的需求上。故答案为B。
53．细节判断题。短文从蒂姆小时候写起，到后来与妻子罗丝结婚，生活一直都不容易，妻子死后蒂姆独自一人生活，在他78岁的时候，把房子搬到了仙境的梦想终于实现了，由此可知整个故事情节是按照时间的顺序展开的，故答案为B。
54．标题归纳题。根据短文各段中的句子“They became close friends because they both dreamt of going to Wonderland. Sadly, Wonderland remained a dream when Rose died. Then he started, flying to Wonderland. Together with his new friends, he landed his house at Wonderland.”可知，梦想去仙境是蒂姆以及妻子终生的目标，去仙境也贯穿全文，故答案选A。
（2019·重庆·中考真题）More than 330 million visitors are expected to take part in the 19th National Science and Technology Week in China from May 19 to 26.
During the science week, open days will be held to let people experience how science and technology have improved our live. Around 50,000 scientists will enter schools and villages to educate and work together with local people.
The science week this is a big one because it will show China’s recent scientific achievements. And this year China will celebrate its 70th birthday. It’s an important year for the purpose of building a well-off society(小康社会) by 2020. Since there are still some poor areas in China, science and technology will be very helpful in their development.
Reaching out to the world is also a best part of this year. Expert(专家) from 13 countries within the Belt and Road(一带一路) will take part in the science week and they will also work with the public.
55．The 19th National Science and Technology Week will start on ______in China.
A．May 19 B．May 20 C．May 25 D．May 26
56．Many scientists will enter school and villages to __________.
A．sell the latest products to local people
B．learn more about the local environment
C．collect money for their scientific research
D．educate and work together with local people
57．According to the passage, the science week this year will _________.
A．send scientists out to the world B．show China’s recent scientific achievements
C．see new schools built in village D．improve the social abilities of Chinese people
58．This passage is most probably __________.
A．a piece of news B．a piece of advice C．a story D．a letter
【答案】55．A
56．D
57．B
58．A
【分析】
短文介绍了第19届中国科技周，届时将有超过3.3亿游客参加。在科学周期间，将举行开放日，让人们体验科学和技术如何改善我们的生活。将展示中国最近的科学成就。来自13个国家的专家们将参加科技周，他们也将与公众一起工作。
55．细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“More than 330 million visitors are expected to take part in the 19th National Science and Technology Week in China from May 19 to 26.”可知，第19届中国科技周于5月19日开始，故答案为A。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“Around 50,000 scientists will enter schools and villages to educate and work together with local people.”大约5万名科学家将进入学校和村庄，与当地人一起教育和工作。故答案为D。
57．细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“The science week this is a big one because it will show China’s recent scientific achievements.”可知，今年的科技周将展示中国最近的科学成就。故答案为B。
58．推理判断题。短文向我们介绍了第19届中国科技周的举办时间，活动内容，来自一带一路13个国家的专家们也将参加本届科技周。由此判断这段文章很可能是一则新闻，故答案为A。
（2018·重庆·中考真题）A cup of coffee is a good way for many people to start their day. It can also pass on kindness.
Manyang Kher used to be a Sudanese child refugee(难民). When he was three years old, his village was burnt in the war. He was separated from his parents and never saw them again. He became one of the 20,000 young Sudanese who had to leave their home for Ethiopia’s Gambella area. He lived there as a refugee for 13 years.
When he was 16, Kher went to the United States. While he was in college, he started a program to help the refugees. Now, he owns a coffee company(公 司) called 734, which is a part of   his program.The company has helped more than 200, 000 refugees living in the Gambella area till now. Kher said, “I know the difficulties and pains they face every day. You see kids die from hunger. You see kids dying of illnesses. You see kids running away from the refugee camp to find a place to be home, but die on the way.”
Eighty percent of the money made by the coffee company is used to send more of the children to school. And, as Kher explains, the money helps refugees to belp themselves. For example,a cup of 734 coffee can also buy one fishing net(网)for a refugee. They can fish for themselves.
Kher sells the coffee online and to coffee stores. Megan Murphy owns a coffee store in Washington, D．C．She serves 734 coffee in her store and people love it. The coffee tastes delicious, so it’s a win-win on both sides.
59．Kher left his home when he was three years old because .
A．his parents opened a store B．his village was burnt in the war
C．he had to move to the US D．he lost his home in an earthquake
60．Kher helps the refugees by .
A．making fishing nets B．offering coffee to them
C．starting a program D．sending them back home
61．We can infer from this passage that ___________.
A．Kher sells his coffee both online and to coffee stores
B．you’re helping the refugees when enjoying 734 coffee
C．coffee from Megan Murphy’s store tastes delicious
D．Megan Murphy is one of the refugees in Gambella
62．The writer wrote the passage to .
A．sell 734 coffee and make money B．show his love of 734 coffee
C．teach refugees to fish for themselves D．introduce Kher's program
【答案】59．B
60．C
61．B
62．D
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲述了一个咖啡店的老板Manyang Kher来源于难民，现在用挣到的钱服务于难民的故事。
59．细节理解题。根据文中的第二段中的句子When he was three years old, his village was burnt in the war. He was separated from his parents and never saw them again. 当他三岁的时候，他的村庄在战争中被烧毁了。他和他的父母分开了，再也没有见过他们。可知是因为村庄被烧毁了，故答案选B。
60．细节理解题。根据文中的第三段中的句子When he was 16, Kher went to the United States. While he was in college, he started a program to help the refugees. Now, he owns a coffee company called 734, which is a part of his program.当他16岁的时候，Khet 去了美国。当他在大学的时候，他开始了一个帮助难民的项目，他拥有一家名叫734的咖啡公司，这是他的计划的一部分，可知主要通过难民的项目帮助难民，故答案选C。
61．细节理解题。根据文中的第四段中的句子Eighty percent of the money made by the coffee company is used to send more of the children to school.咖啡公司赚的百分之八十的钱用来送更多的孩子上学。可知当你享受734咖啡公司的咖啡时也是在帮助难民，故答案选B。
62．主旨归纳题。根据文中的第三段中的句子When he was 16, Kher went to the United States. While he was in college, he started a program to help the refugees. Now, he owns a coffee company called 734, which is a part of his program.当他16岁的时候，Khet 去了美国。当他在大学的时候，他开始了一个帮助难民的项目，他拥有一家名叫734的咖啡公司，这是他的计划的一部分。结合全文可知主要介绍的是Kher的项目计划，故答案选D。

（2022·重庆八中二模）Have you ever seen bronzeware (青铜器)? It can be thousands of years old. Recently, a middle school in Shanxi held a bronzeware show named Dazzling Memories. ▲ . They were made by students!
       Junior high school students from Taiyuan Middle School made more than 130 pieces of “bronzeware”. The materials included recycled hard paper boxes. They cut the paper boxes into shapes and then covered them with bronze-colored paint or clay. These “bronzeware” artworks looked so real that student visitors felt like they went back in history.
       Li Danyu from Grade 7 made a set of chimes (编钟). He once watched a chime music show in Xi’an. The sound of this ancient musical instrument was so beautiful that he fell in love with it. For this reason, he decided to make one by himself. He said that the hardest part was to add the patterns (图案). He used napkins to fold some special patterns, such as Xiangyun and dragons, and glued them to the chimes.
       Yang Zixing, in Grade 7, is crazy about Chinese ancient weapons (武器), so he made a halberd (戟). He tried hard to color the halberd right. He made the main body green, gold and blue and added some black to the side of the halberd to make it look real.
       In this show, students not only showed their talents for art but also had a chance to enjoy the art and culture of ancient China.
63．The underlined word “one” in the Third Paragraph refers to “________”.
A．the chime music show B．the ancient instrument
C．the pattern D．the sound
64．According to the passage, both Li Danyu and Yang Zixing ________.
A．love Chinese traditional culture B．have a talent for music
C．enjoy recycling things D．show great interest in painting
65．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ?
A．The bronzeware pieces were just dug out from the earth
B．Bronzeware is a great symbol of Chinese traditional culture
C．The artworks that were shown, however, were not that old at all
D．Students there recycled things to protect the environment
66．The passage is mainly about __________.
A．a special bronzeware show B．the history of Chinese bronzeware
C．the discovery of ancient bronzeware D．the process of making bronzeware artworks
【答案】63．B
64．A
65．C
66．A
【导语】
本文主要讲述了一个由学生举办的青铜器展览。
63．
词句猜测题。根据“The sound of this ancient musical instrument was so beautiful that he fell in love with it. For this reason, he decided to make one by himself.”可知，这一古老乐器的声音是如此美妙，以至于他爱上了它；因此“one”代指上文“the ancient instrument”；故选B。
64．
推理判断题。根据“Yang Zixing, in Grade 7, is crazy about Chinese ancient weapons (武器), so he made a halberd (戟).”和“ For this reason, he decided to make one by himself. ”可知，两人都对中国的传统文化感兴趣；故选A。
65．
推理判断题。根据“They were made by students!”可知，此处应该谈论由学生制作的青铜器的特征，选项C“然而，展出的艺术品并不是那么古老。”符合句意；故选C。
66．
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一个由学生举办的青铜器展览；故选A。
（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Beauty sleep is a real thing, researchers have shown that people who have enough sleep look more attractive to others.
A few bad nights is enough to make a person look “especially” more ugly, their sleep experiments（实验）show.
The researchers asked 25 university students to join in their sleep experiment. They were asked to get a good night’s sleep for two nights.
A week later, they were asked to sleep for only four hours every night for two nights in a row. The researchers took make-up free（素颜）photos of the volunteers after both the good and the bad sleep.
Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge（评价）them on attractiveness（吸引力）, health, and sleepiness, as well as asking them, “How much would you like to make friends with this person in the picture?”
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and, if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.
The strangers also said they wouldn’t want to socialize（与人交往）with the tired students. The researchers say this is natural for people. An unhealthy-looking face makes people run away. In other words, people don’t want to hang around with people who might be ill.
Dr. Brewer, an expert（专家）at the University of Liverpool said, “Judgement of attractiveness is often un-conscious（无意识的）, but we all do it, and we are able to judge on even something small like whether someone looks tired or unhealthy. This study is a good reminder of how important sleep is to us.”
67．When did the researchers take make-up free photos?
A．After both two nights’ good sleep and two nights’ bad sleep.
B．After two nights’ bad sleep.
C．Before the experiment.
D．After two nights’ good sleep.
68．The researchers asked the strangers to do the following EXCEPT _________.
A．telling who looked healthier B．telling who didn’t have many friends
C．telling who missed a lot of sleep D．telling who was attractive
69．What kind of friends did the strangers like to make friends with?
A．The people who were tired. B．The people who were sleepy.
C．The people who were attractive and energetic. D．The people who were unhealthy.
70．According to the passage, which of the following is the best title?
A．More Sleep, More Attractive B．More Sleep, Fewer Friends
C．Less Sleep, Fewer Friends D．No Attractiveness, No Friends
【答案】67．A
68．B
69．C
70．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍睡眠对人们个人魅力的影响，良好的睡眠可以让人更有魅力。
67．
细节理解题。根据“The researchers took make-up free（素颜）photos of the volunteers after both the good and the bad sleep.”可知，研究员在志愿者良好睡眠和糟糕睡眠之后都拍了照片。故选A。
68．
细节理解题。根据“Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge（评价）them on attractiveness（吸引力）, health, and sleepiness, as well as asking them, ‘How much would you like to make friends with this person in the picture?’”可知，研究员让122名陌生人看照片并评价志愿者的吸引力，健康状况，睡眠状况，以及询问他们愿意和照片中的谁交朋友，ACD选项都包括。故选B。
69．
推理判断题。根据“if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.”和“The strangers also said they wouldn’t want to socialize（与人交往）with the tired students...In other words, people don’t want to hang around with people who might be ill.”可知，陌生人并不想和昏昏欲睡的，疲惫的，生病的人交朋友。可推断出他们喜欢有吸引力的，精力充沛的人交朋友。故选C。
70．
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍睡眠对人们个人魅力的影响，良好的睡眠可以让人更有魅力。A选项“好的睡眠，更大的吸引力”符合。故选A。