03阅读理解-重庆市三年（2020-2022）中考英语卷真题分题型分层汇编（共30题）

这是一份03阅读理解-重庆市三年（2020-2022）中考英语卷真题分题型分层汇编（共30题），共80页。

03阅读理解-重庆市三年（2020-2022）中考英语卷真题分题型分层汇编
一．人物故事类阅读（共10小题）
1．（2022•重庆）"Lots of restaurants say they're the best.To be honest，we are not and we've never said we are.We just try to be a little bit better every day，" said Mr.Yang，who runs a restaurant named Grandpa Yang in Chongqing.
Yang started the restaurant in 2011.He was unhappy when quite a lot of food was left uneaten. "If customers know more about the food before they order，they will know what to pick，" he thought.So he decided to write something about each dish on his menu online.
Now there is something about the food. "Compared with our General Tao Chicken，this one is not THAT good，" says the introduction of Orange Beef.Another introduction warns， "Don't let the name fool you.This one is NOT a real Sichuan dish."
"People often search online to find the right restaurant.I don't want them to say， 'Oh，it's one of the best in the area，and it must be very good，' but then they come here only to find it's not so good，" Yang said， "Customers should read more about the food before they order，not only my introductions，but also other customers' opinions."
Thanks to his honesty，the restaurant is having a moment under the sun. "It's been a very exciting and busy time，" said Yang， "and I love it."

（1）The restaurant Grandpa Yang was started 　 　.
A.in 2001
B.in 2011
C.in 2012
D.in 2021
（2）Mr.Yang was unhappy when 　 　.
A the food was almost sold out
B.customers knew a lot about the food
C.customers found the food unhealthy
D.quite a lot of food was left uneaten
（3）Mr.Yang thinks that 　 　.
A.his restaurant is the best
B.people shouldn't search online
C.General Tao Chicken is good
D.customers shouldn't say anything
（4）According to the passage，the restaurant becomes successful mainly because 　 　.
A.it offers good service
B.Mr.Yang is honest
C.it offers a good price
D.Mr.Yang is foolish
2．（2022•重庆）We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us，but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking.While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton，one of the greatest scientists，we seldom notice the creative thinking is in fact a process（过程）.
Let's look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden，Newton watched an apple fall from a tree.He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth.Newton believed it did.He called it "gravity（重力）".
This story has become one of the most popular examples of "eureka" moments.But when we cheer for the great discovery，the whole process of creative thinking shouldn't be forgotten.Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world.He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems.The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before.It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine "gravity" carefully.He experimented（实验）.Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments.In 1687，the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school，we prepare ourselves for the right moment.Once the moment comes，we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come.It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking，but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.

（1）You may read the passage in a 　 　.
A notice
B.picture
C.magazine
D.dictionary
（2）The underlined word "eureka" in Paragraph（段落） 4 probably means " 　 　".
A.I've got it
B.I give up
C.I've no idea
D.I believe it
（3）The writer mainly develops his idea by 　 　.
A.raising questions
B.giving examples
C.listing numbers
D.explaining differences
（4）The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of 　 　.
a.He caught the right moment.
b.He did experiments over and over.
c.He saw an apple fall from a tree.
d.He studied mathematics for long.
A.a﹣c﹣d﹣b
B.b﹣a﹣c﹣d
C.a﹣b﹣c﹣d
D.d﹣c﹣a﹣b
3．（2021•重庆）Liu Xiuxiang was born in a poor family.When he was 4，his father died.His mother developed mental（精神的）health problems.When he was 10，his elder brother and sisters left and never returned.To make a living，Liu collected rubbish，and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations.However difficult it was，he never gave up his study.
In 2007，Liu failed the Gaokao.He got lost.He wondered if he should continue studying.After working in a bathhouse for about 50 days，he decided to go back to school.In 2008，he finally passed the Gaokao and went to university.
After graduation，he became a history teacher in his hometown. "I want to come back to tell the children，who are as poor and lost as I was，that education has changed my life. "Liu set a good example for them to take control of lives through education.
Now Liu gives speeches around the country.His story inspires（鼓舞）many students and encourages people to help those from poor families.Since 2012，he has helped more than 1，900 students and called on more teachers to work in poor areas to improve the quality（质量）of education.
Liu was titled "the most beautiful teacher" in 2020.His story moves us a lot.

（1）How long did Liu Xiuxiang work during summer vacations in high school？ 　 　
A.4 hours a day.
B.10 hours a day.
C.12 hours a day.
D.18 hours a day.
（2）The underlined word "lost" in Paragraph 2 probably means " 　 　.
A.丢失的
B.错过的
C.迷路的
D.迷茫的
（3）Liu Xiuxiang set a good example for the children to take control of lives through 　 　.
A.speeches
B.money
C.education
D.jobs
（4）The passage is written in the order of 　 　.
A.space
B.time
C.persons
D.opinion
4．（2020•重庆）Last year，I went to Italy as an exchange student．Before leaving，I asked my mother what gifts I should take to the teachers and the students there．Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice，for China is praised as"the Fan Kingdom"．I couldn't agree more，because it is more than a tool for cooling．It's also an important part of Chinese culture．
I went shopping and bought three kinds of Chinese fans．The first kind was the feather （羽毛）fan for the teachers，which was made of bird feathers．It was the symbol of Zhuge Liang，a very smart man in ancient China．The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans．They were also called "round silk fans"．Fans of this kind were made of silk with paintings of beautiful women，birds or flowers．They were very popular with women of all ages．As for the boys，I picked the folding fans from Rongchang ，a place in the west of Chongqing．The folding fans were made of paper and bamboo and there were great paintings and calligraphy （书法） on them．
At the welcome party in Italy ，my new teachers and classmates were all excited to get the wonderful fans．And they were even more excited after learning about the stories and culture behind them．

（1）The writer went to Italy for 　 　 last year．
A．learning
B．traveling
C．teaching
D．shopping
（2）The folding fans the writer bought were made in 　 　．
A．Dazu
B．Rongchang
C．Tongliang
D．Wulong
（3）According to the passage，the writer gave the fans like the one in Picture 　 　to the girls．

（4）The writer wrote this passage in a 　 　tone（语气）．
A．humorous
B．surprising
C．serious
D．proud
5．（2020•重庆）Characters：a judge （法官） Mike （a painter） Peer （a cook）
Setting：a courtroom （法庭）
A judge is sitting behind a desk．Mike and Peter are standing in front of her．
Peter：Your honor．This man lives in a room above my restaurant．I heard him telling a friend that he was stealing from me．
Mike：Smell，your honor!I just take the smells of the food coming up from the restaurant．
Judge：（Looking at Mike） What do you do with the smells？
Mike：The smells help me imagine that I am eating a fine dinner．
Judge：（To Peter） And how much do you want for these smells，sir？
Peter：The 5 coins he always carries．
Mike：But my mother gave me the coins to save me when in need．
Judge：（To Mike） Drop the coins onto the table，one at a time． （Mike drops the coins，） Case dismissed （结案）．
Peter：What do you mean？I didn't get paid!
Judge：You want the SMELLS paid．Mike has now paid you in SOUNDS ﹣the sounds of the coins．

（1）　 　lives in a room above the restaurant．
A．The judge
B．Mike
C．Peter
D．No one
（2）Peter wanted to get 　 　from Mike．
A．the smells
B．the food
C．the sounds
D．the coins
（3）From the material，we can see that the judge is 　 　．
A．poor
B．rich
C．stupid
D．wise
（4）The material above is probably 　 　．
A．a play
B．a poem
C．a notice
D．a diary
6．（2020•重庆）

Li Hua，14 Chengdu Feb﹣Apr．
7：00 a．m．
Get up
7：20 a．m．﹣7：40 a．m．
Have breakfast
7：50 a．m．﹣ 8：10 a．m． Read English or Chinese texts aloud
11：50 a．m．﹣ 1：00 p．m．Enjoy lunch with my family
8：30 a．m．﹣ 1：30 a．m，
Listen to the teachers carefully．
Do eye exercises during the break time
8：20 a．m． ﹣8：30 a．m．Get ready for online classes
2：30 p．m．﹣ 4：30 p．m．Study by myself
5：00 p．m ﹣ 6.00 p．m．Do sports or play the guitar
7：00 p．m． ﹣ 9：30 p．m．Watch news and play with my younger sister
（1）Li Hua　 　at 7：30 a．m． from February to April．
A． got up
B． had breakfast
C． read aloud
D． watched news
（2）Li Hua learned by himself　 　from February to April．
A． from 8：30 a．m． to 11：30 a．m．
B． from 11：50 a．m． to 1：00 p．m．
C． from 2：30 p．m． to 4：30 p．m．
D． from 7：00 p．m． to 9：30 p．m．
（3）The material above is about Li Hua's　 　from February to April．
A． housework
B． homework
C． school activities
D． daily life
7．（2020•重庆）People say laughter is the best medicine， but sometimes too much of a good thing may not be so good． What happened to me last night made me deeply understand the meaning of that．
Last night I was alone at home． When I was watching a funny movie， I suddenly started laughing and couldn't stop myself．
At first， I was feeling good．
But after about 5 minutes， I came to know I wasn't going to stop at all， I began to feel a little worried．
Time for bed． But I couldn't sleep because I kept laughing．So I got up and started doing some housework． I cleaned my apartment， laughing hard．I washed all the dishes left over from dinner，still laughing crazily． I tried to hold my cat in my arms， but it ran away from me in fear． I spent the rest of the night in front of my computer， of course， still laughing．
When time finally came to get ready for work， I realized that I simply couldn't go to the office like that． I decided to call my boss for leave， but laughing was the only thing I could do on the phone．
After listening to my"lovely" laughter for a few minutes， my boss couldn't help shouting angrily，"Are you mad？ You're fired（解雇）!"
Suddenly I woke up． Thank God! I just had a dream．

（1）What happened last night made the writer　 　．
A． understand something
B． forget his pain
C． keep doing housework
D． get a good job
（2）When the writer was watching a movie， he suddenly started　 　．
A． crying
B． coughing
C． jumping
D． laughing
（3）The cat ran away because　 　．
A．it was going to sleep
B． it was afraid of the writer
C． it wanted to have dinner
D． it saw a mouse running
（4）How did the writer's feelings change in the story？　 　
A． relaxed﹣angry﹣ good
B． good﹣ excited﹣worried
C． good﹣ worried﹣relaxed
D． worried﹣good﹣angry
8．（2022•重庆）A man gets out of his car.He rushes into a doctor's office."DOCTOR!Please help me!I think I must be seriously ill."
"Tell me what's wrong，"the doctor says beside his desk.
"Everywhere I touch on my body，it hurts!" the man answers.
"Come on and sit on the chair.Please show me."
So the man touches his left foot and cries out of pain.Then he touches his right knee and cries，"Ouch."Then he touches his back and jumps out of the chair.
As he is about to continue，the doctor says，"That's enough.Let me see."After a while，the doctor says，"Oh，I know.Feel your finger."

（1）The man thinks he must be 　 　.
A.seriously ill
B.really heavy
C.very healthy
D.terribly thin
（2）The doctor asks the man to sit 　 　.
A.in his car
B.on the chair
C.on the floor
D.on the desk
（3）The doctor finds the man probably breaks 　 　.
A.his foot
B.his knee
C.his back
D.his finger
9．（2021•重庆）In September，2020，I had the chance to come to China for the first time and visited Yunnan Province.
On the first day we went to a village named Xiaopingzhai.I was amazed to discover that small tea factory could bring in 6 million yuan a year with only 20 workers.
The next of our trip was the village of Kangmian.Many families now live there after leaving uninhabitable（不适合居住的）areas.The new village has 450 housing units.There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs so that they can support themselves.Of the 1，331 villagers，609 now have jobs.
In Shuiduichong，a traditional Yao ethnic（瑶族）group village，we visited the workshops for making silver ornaments（饰品）.We discovered the skill had a history of more than 200 year.Besides the traditional use of silver ornaments in Yao culture， ▲ .
A set of silver ornaments can be sold for between 10，000 and 20，000 yuan on the market.The making of silver ornaments creates jobs in the village.Shuiduichong now has more than 20 family workshops.
This trip was over.I have realized that through the hard work of the Chinese government，great changes have taken place in Yunnan.These impressive（印象深刻的）results should serve as an example for other developing countries.

（1）The trip followed the way of 　 　.
A.Xiaopinghai→ Shuiduichong→ Kangmian
B.Xiaopingzhai→Kangmian→ Shuiduichong
C.Kangmian→ Shuiduichong→ Xiaopingzhai
D.Kangmian→Xiaopingzhai→ Shuiduichong
（2）In Kangmian the government helps the people by 　 　.
A.selling products
B.giving money
C.opening factories
D.providing jobs
（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ？ 　 　
A.tourists like them very much
B.these objects have a high value
C.people buy them as gifts
D.they can be seen everywhere
（4）The structure of the passage may be 　 　.
（①＝Paragraph 1
②Paragraph 2
③Paragraph3
④Paragraph 4
⑤Paragraph5
⑥Paragraph 6）
A.
B.
C.
D.
10．（2021•重庆）Five people were waiting for a company（公司）.Inside the room，they could do whatever they liked，except using the phone or the Internet.
On the first day，all of the five people were excited.They were imagining their bright future.But there was no interview.
On the second day，they came again for the interview.But to their surprise，there was no news about the interview.Two of them got upset.
On the third morning，they arrived earlier.Still，no news came.By mid﹣day，most of them were irritated .Some thought the company did not care for them.Some regretted coming here.Only one man was different.He was happy all those days.He kept smiling while the others complained（抱怨）.
At the end of that day，the boss appeared.To their disappointment，the boss said that their interview had ended and only one of them was chosen.It was the man who kept happy.Then the boss added "We want someone who can keep happy in whatever situations .Keeping happy is an ability!"

（1）The five people were waiting for 　 　 .
A.an interview
B.a meeting
C.a phone call
D.a meal
（2）The underlined word "irritated" in Paragraph 4 probably means" 　 　" .
A.快活的
B.愤怒的
C.放松的
D.胆怯的
（3）The man was chosen because 　 　 .
A.he listened to the others
B.he kept happy
C.his answers were better
D.he cared for others
（4）The passage probably comes from 　 　.
A.a dictionary
B.a poster
C.a magazine
D.a notice
二．社会文化类阅读（共5小题）
11．（2022•重庆）When Xiong Chuanfa，34，blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes，kids look at him in surprise thinking he is a magician.
Xiong has been blowing sugar figurines（吹糖人） for over twenty years.Blowing sugar figurines is a Chinese traditional folk（民间） art with a history of over 600 years and has been listed as a state﹣level intangible cultural heritage.
Every morning，Xiong prepares the sugar and drives to different markets in Nanchang to start his magic show.
He heats（加热） the sugar，pulls off a little to make a ball and blows it into different shapes ﹣﹣ a rabbit，a monkey，and even Bing Dwen Dwen，the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
People，especially little kids，are interested in his skills. ▲ ，he also stops by colleges.
Many college students have been drawn to the art，waiting in line for hands﹣on experience.Among them，Simon，a foreign student，couldn't help having a try.Though it looked easy，he found it difficult to make it.Thanks to Xiong's help，Simon finally saw a horse slowly taking shape.
Simon was deeply moved after learning about the art. "I just can't believe the traditional folk art can be kept so well here.I love it.Chinese culture should be spread around the world，" he said.
This art has been passed down for four generations（代） in Xiong's family.His 6﹣year﹣old son often blows sugar balloons，just like what be used to do as a child.
"We will pass on the intangible heritage，" said Xiong.

（1）From the passage we can learn that Xiong Chuanfa is 　 　.
A.26 years old
B.34 years old
C.a bus driver
D.a foreign magician
（2）Which of the following can be put to the ▲ ？ 　 　
A.To draw young people closer to the art
B.To help young people learn drawing skills
C.To teach little kids the skills of drawing
D.To make little kids more interested in the art
（3）According to the passage，we can infer（推断） that Simon will most probably 　 　.
A stay in China to blow sugar horses
B.offer Xiong a helping hand in class
C.learn more about Chinese culture
D.blow perfect sugar figurines next time
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A Xiong and His Folk Art or Sweet Blows
B.A Magic Folk Art and Chinese Culture
C.Xiong's Family and Sugar Figurine Skills
D.A Guide and the Intangible Heritages

12．（2022•重庆）①Since the first man looked up at the flying birds，countless successes have been achieved on the way up to the sky.From the stones thrown into the air to airships of all kinds，pioneers of humans never failed to let their imagination run wild.
②Stories of pioneers go back to centuries ago.
③Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC and is thought to be the earliest example of man﹣made flight.
④From the 3rd century BC，the sky lantern（灯笼） was known in China.Many people believe that it was invented by Zhuge Liang in the war.Some say he wrote a message on a sky lantern for help，while others believe sky lanterns were used to drive the enemies away.
⑤Whichever is true，humans have never stopped，and they never will.In modern times，new fields are being explored（探索）.
⑥In 1993，the world's largest hot air airship was built.The AS﹣300 carried an underslung raft （悬挂式木筏）.It allowed a team of French scientists to carry out their treetop researches without too much harm to the rain forest.
⑦On May 15，2022，Chinese scientists sent up the latest model of "Jimu No.1"，China's self﹣developed airship，to collect weather information on the Qinghai﹣Tibet Plateau.
⑧The airship would work at a world﹣record altitude（海拔） of 9，032 meters.It was the first time an airship of its size had reached this height，even higher than that of the 8，849﹣meter﹣tall Mount Qomolangma，the highest mountain in the world.

（1）According to the passage，we learn 　 　.
A.Zhuge Liang was believed to invent kites
B.sky lanterns were used just for fun in China
C.kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC
D.sky lanterns were known in China before the 3rd century BC
（2）Both the AS﹣300 and the latest model of "Jimu No.1" are airships which 　 　.
A.were harmful to the forest
B.broke a world record each
C.reached the highest mountain
D.helped with treetop researches
（3）The writer's main purpose in writing the passage is to 　 　.
A.share humorous stories about the pioneers
B.show how excellent ancient people were
C.encourage us to learn more about imagination
D.praise the never ending exploration into the sky
（4）The structure（结构） of the passage is 　 　.
A.
B.
C.
D.
13．（2021•重庆）
2021 is the year of the ox（牛）.In March，a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting，Five Oxen，came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China，as well as the importance of agriculture（农业）in history.
Han Huang （723﹣787）was the painter of Five Oxen.He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty.His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive.Unluckily，Five Oxen is probably his only painting left.
Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history.In the painting，the five oxen are in a line.They are of different colors and shapes.And each has a different appearance（形态），walking or standing，holding their heads high or low.With lively expressions and bright eyes，the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints（抱怨）.As the name suggests，▲.It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves.
The painting was missing in 1900.Luckily，it returned to China during the early 1950s.However，it was terribly broken with many holes in it.Great efforts were made to save it.Now Five Oxen，probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper，is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

（1）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 1 refers to " 　 　
A.The year of the ox
B.The set of stamps
C.The Tang Dynasty
D.The painting Five Oxen
（2）Han Huang's paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so 　 　.
A.alive
B.bright
C.lucky
D.colorful
（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲？ 　 　
A.the ox is very popular in the Tang Dynasty
B.the ox is a symbol of traditional Chinese culture
C.the painting is of the five oxen with no special background
D.the painting wants to tell people to work hard and creatively
（4）This passage mainly wants to tell us that 　 　.
A.Five Oxen is Han's only painting left
B.oxen have different colors and shapes
C.oxen are very hard﹣working animals
D.Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful
14．（2020•重庆）"Humans can develop certain abilities we aren't born with by practicing animals' movements，" the traditional Chinese Wushu lovers believed in the past ﹣ and still do today．
Chinese Five﹣Animal Exercises，also known as Wuqinxi，are the first complete set of qigong exercises following the movements of animals：monkeys，deer（鹿），birds，bears and tigers．They were created by one of the greatest doctors in Chinese history，Hua Tuo，more than 1，800 years ago．
The Five﹣Animal Exercises are well﹣designed to help blood circulation（循环），and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve the health．
"The bear movements are good for the stomach．The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back．The deer movements help reduce the fat around the waist（腰）．The bird movements can help keep our knees healthy and the monkey movements can be good for the heart．"said Hua Yi，the 59th inheritor（继承人）of Wuqinxi．
For those new learners，the first few exercises might not go well．You may find it hard to focus（集中注意力）．Wear comfortable clothes，keep peaceful in your mind，try to move slowly…Little by little，you'll feel more and more harmonious with nature．You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer，walking in the forest freely．
These exercises need no tools and they are easy to learn．You can search online for the videos and practice them at any time when you feel like relaxing your body and mind．Because it's fun to practice and good for health，Five﹣ Animal Exercises are becoming more and more popular in recent years，not only in China，but also in many other places of the world．

（1）People practice Five﹣Animal Exercises in order to 　 　．
A．fight against enemies
B．protect wild animals
C．improve the health
D．play as a group game
（2）If your grandfather has a pain in the back， 　 　 may help him a lot．
A．the bear movements
B．the monkey movements
C．the bird movements
D．the tiger movements
（3）The underlined word "harmonious" in Paragraph 5 probably means 　 　．
A．兴奋的
B．和谐的
C．敬畏的
D．肤浅的
（4）The structure of the passage may be 　 　．
（①＝Paragraph 1 ②＝Paragraph 2 ③＝ Paragraph 3 ④＝Paragraph 4 ⑤＝Paragraph 5 ⑥＝ Paragraph 6）

15．（2022•重庆）①On January 4th，the China National Traditional Orchestra（中央民族乐团）played some well﹣known traditional music in their concert.Audiences（观众）enjoyed the beautiful sounds guzheng，the powerful tunes of suona，the tearful notes of erhu and so on.Each traditional Chinese musical instrument tells its own story.
②"I've fallen in love with the sounds of traditional instruments，especially pipa，four﹣stringed（弦）instrument with a history of more than 2，000 years.It can produce different sounds，such as the sounds of falling snow and raindrops.Every time I listen to a pipa tune，I have a strong feeling of peace，"said Yang Tian，an audience of the concert.
③However，a recent report suggests_______.To wake up people's love for tradition music，something creative has been done.
④In some traditional music concerts，VR（虚拟现实）technology is used to bring the starry sky or the beautiful sandy view of Dunhuang to the music hall.It makes the experience like watching a 3 D movie.
⑤Li Xiaobing，a music teacher from Beijing，mixes traditional folk（民间）singing，opera and Chinese instruments through technology.People are surprised at his works and they love them!
⑥Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music.They bring modern music like pop and rap into traditional music.When the east meets the west，the new form of music wins the hearts of both the old and the young.
⑦Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture，and with some creativity，great things happen.

（1）Which of the following can be put in the_______？ 　 　
A.pipa can not produce the sound of falling snow
B.traditional music is much better than modern music
C.the number of traditional music listeners is dropping
D.more young people show interest in traditional music
（2）To wake up people's love for traditional music，Li Xiaobing 　 　.
A.tells many tearful stories
B.makes good 3 D movies
C.mixes traditional music
D.sings pop and rap songs
（3）The structure（结构） of the passage is 　 　.
A.
B.
C.
D.
（4）According to the passage，the writer believes 　 　.
A.traditional music should only be played in concerts
B.the ways to play traditional music must be changed
C.traditional music must remain unchanged all the time
D.traditional music with creativity will be more popular
三．史地常识类阅读（共1小题）
16．（2020•重庆）Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people．Since Wuhan was unlocked on April 8，there have been many people lining up at snack shops there．
In the evening，hundreds of street﹣ side stalls（摊位）come out on the street and provide popular snacks and local food at low prices．Travelers can enjoy hot dry noodles，tasty chicken soup and Chinese dumplings…Don't miss Jiujiu duck necks．Chi Li，a popular writer，tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show．Thousands of people come to search for the scenes（场景）in the novel．
Local people like to order several best﹣known dishes and some bottles of beer and spend their evening time with friends there．For travelers，another exciting thing is the folk music performed by folk musicians at your table．You can enjoy delicious food when listening to music．
With the street becoming busy， the city began to breathe again．

（1）Jiqing Street is a good place to　 　．
A．study English
B．try local food
C．tell love stories
D．go skating
（2）According to the passage，Chi Li mentions　 　in her novel Life Show．
A．Chinese dumplings
B．hot dry noodles
C．chicken soup
D．duck necks
（3）How do you understand the underlined part "the city began to breathe again" in the last paragraph？　 　
A．The air becomes fresh again．
B．The water gets clearer．
C．The city becomes lively again．
D．The food gets nicer．
（4）The material is probably from　 　．
A．a travel website
B．a history book
C．a science magazine
D．a dictionary
四．科普知识类阅读（共6小题）
17．（2021•重庆）Historically，most cars have run on gasoline（汽油），but that may change in the future：cars can also run on other liquid fuels（液体燃料）and electricity.
Gasoline is from oil.The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons（碳氢化合物）.Gasoline provides great power for cars.However，it causes environmental problems，like air pollution and temperature rise.So gasoline can't be the best fuel.
Another choice is electricity.Electricity cars can be as efficient（效能好的）as cars using gasoline，And they produce less pollution.But electric cars themselves are more expensive.Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
The other choices are other liquid fuels.Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline，and used in the same cars.They can also be friendly to the environment.
One way to make such fuels is to get CO2 from the air and put it in water.Through chemical reaction，hydrocarbons can be created.However，these fuels take up more space.
Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air.These fuels are greener in use.But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.
For a fuel to be the best，people have to be able to afford it.Unluckily，almost every green technology is more expensive than that of using gasoline.Governments and car producers are doing everything they can to cut down the costs.In the end，the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.

（1）Gasoline provides cars with 　 　.
A.great power
B.fresh air
C.clean water
D.enough space
（2）According to Paragraph 3，we can infer that electric cars 　 　.
A.produce less pollution
B.will become more and more expensive
C.will become more popular
D.are more efficient than those using gasoline
（3）The structure of the passage may be 　 　.
A.
B.
C.
D.
（4）What would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.How Do We Protect Our Planet？
B.What Are the Fuels' Differences？
C.What Is the Best Fuel for Cars？
D.How Do We Make Fuels for Cars？
18．（2020•重庆）Facial recognition technology （人脸识别技术） is widely used today．For example，police use it to search for bad guys．It's also used to unlock phones or doors．
Now，a similar technology，known as facial detection（探测），is entering a new field：the business of advertising（广告）．
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores．One facial detection system can judge a person's "happiness" or "fear" level．That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store．Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses．If so，sores can send advertisements for new glasses to him．
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards．Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings﹣from "very happy" to "very unhappy"．
Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices．
Some are against the idea of using such systems．Pam Dixon，the head of a privacy（隐私）group，is one of them．She thinks__▲__．For example，a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings．
However，one store testing the technology explained they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages．And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos．

（1）Facial detection technology can tell people's　 　 according to the passage．
A．weight
B．feelings
C．height
D．jobs
（2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the　 　？
A．nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B．it is very important to protect people's privacy
C．the strange actions may cause something unfair
D．businesses may use them to have more customers
（3）We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology　 　．
A．can detect buyers' names and record them
B．is put inside some large advertising boards
C．may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D．may need some time before being widely used
（4）The best title of the passage may be"　 　"．
A．Facial Recognition Technology Entering a New Field
B．Facial Recognition Technology Looking for Bad Guys
C．Facial Detection Technology Going into Advertising Field
D．Facial Detection Technology improving Buyers' Experience
19．（2020•重庆）When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005，she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots worked but few showed interest．"But now，it's different，"says Nejat，"People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready．"
Nejat's robots are designed to fill an increasing need：care﹣giving for the old．The population of the people over age 80 will be 426 million in 2050，three times larger than that now．
Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer's disease（老年痴呆症）．They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding（提醒）the patients of taking their medicine．They can also play games with patients to keep them active．
Some have worried that care﹣giving robots might reduce（ 减少）human interaction（ 互动）and cause more humans to lose their jobs．"But the aim is to support human care，not to take the place of it，" says Brian Scassellati．He has tested robots with different patients，and found that daily interaction with robots can help children with autism spectrum disorder（ 自闭症障碍） improve social skills．
As a field grows，scientists aim to understand human﹣robot relationships better．Do robots offer advantages because they don't have feelings and don't give opinions？Will patients lose interest？
"One thing is clear，" Scassellati says，"Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future．"

（1）Nejat's robots are designed to 　 　．
A．work in the factory
B．make phone calls
C．take care of the old
D．knock on doors
（2）The writer starts the passage by 　 　．
A．telling two stories
B．comparing two facts
C．raising a question
D．giving an example
（3）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is 　 　．
A．what the robots can do
B．what serious problems the robots cause
C．what the old people can do
D．what the old people think of the robots
（4）According to Scasellati，we can infer that Nejat's robots 　 　．
A．will have feelings soon
B．can take the place of humans
C．should be produced more
D．won't give their own opinions
20．（2022•重庆）

Orangutans
Orangutans are nature lovers.They like hanging out in the tree.They spend 95% of their time up there in the tree.They sleep and eat in their nests（巢）.The nests are big enough for even a 10﹣year﹣old kid to play in.

Pigs
Pigs may not look so cute when they find mud（泥） holes.They like playing in the mud﹣it is like their natural playground.And when it is hot，they stay in the mud to cool themselves.They don't care how dirty they get.

Sea turtles
Sea turtle eggs are like ping﹣pong balls.After baby turtles break out of the eggs，they get themselves out of the sand and hurry to leave the beach for the sea.They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.
（1）In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passages？ 　 　
A.Sports.
B.Health.
C.Nature.
D.News.
（2）Orangutans like hanging out 　 　.
A.in the tree
B.on the beach
C.in the sea
D.in the mud
（3）On hot days，pigs like to play in the mud to 　 　.
A.look for food
B.learn skills
C.fall asleep
D.cool themselves
（4）Which of the following is true according to the passages？ 　 　
A.Sea turtles have eggs like soccer balls.
B.Baby sea turtles are good swimmers.
C.Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sea.
D.Baby sea turtles are safe on the beach.



21．（2021•重庆）A new contact lens（隐形眼镜片）has been developed by scientists from America，Britain and China.It can check for illnesses at any time by examining chemicals in tears.A new sensor（感应器）is used to achieve his purpose.
Scientists hope that the improvement could help to deal with sudden medical events.Dr.Zhao Yunlong said， "COVID﹣19 has had a great influence on the scientific world.And we are doing research to help people deal with similar events in the future."
When introducing the new contact lens，Dr.Guo Shiqi，a researcher at Harvard，said，"In the past，the sensor was put between the layers（层）of the lens.It didn't have direct contact（接触）with tears，But our new sensor is smaller and smarter.I t can be fixed to a lens and keep direct contact with tears.What's more，it causes no discomfort to the eye.
The contact lens has not been put to the market，but researchers are quite sure that it will be welcomed.It is especially useful for the old and those who may experience sudden medical events.
As society develops，scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience（便利）for people.The contact lens is one of what they are researching on.Earlier，a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology.It can show the health information on the mobile phone.Steve Sinclair，head of the company，said， "We have to build something that helps you when you need it and stays of when you don't need it."

（1）According to Dr.Zhao Yunlong，they did the research because 　 　 .
A.they are experienced
B.they are asked to do so
C.they want to fight COVID﹣19
D.they want to help people
（2）The advantage of the new sensor is that 　 　.
A.it is put between lenses
B.it is much cheaper
C.it is smaller and smarter
D.it can be used for many years
（3）The writer writes the last paragraph by giving 　 　 .
A.an opinion and facts
B.an opinion and answers
C.a question and facts
D.a question and answers
（4）The best title of this passage probably is 　 　 .
A.Sensors：Science and Technology
B.Contact Lenses Care and Convenience
C.The Most Useful Product
D.Great Companies of Contact Lens
22．（2021•重庆）China has named the nation's first Mars rover（火星车）Zhu Rong.For all of us，Zhu Rong is a well﹣suited name.
In an ancient Chinese story，Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal.He rode on two dragons.When he had a big fight with Gong Gong，the god of water，Zhu Rong won.But after the fight，the human world came into complete darkness.Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.
"Zhu Rong is regarded as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture，" a space official said. "The first Mars rover was named Zhu Rong.The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country，and means to guide humans to continue exploration."
After leaving the earth last summer，Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May.In recent years，our country has sent up the world's first quantum satellite（量子卫星），and Chang'e﹣4 has made a soft landing on the moon.We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start building our own space station.

（1）What Zhu Rong brought from heaven to the world was 　 　 .
A.fire
B.wars
C.water
D.animals
（2）For China's space exploration，the name Zhu Rong symbolizes 　 　.
A.a big fight
B.complete darkness
C.light and hope
D.Chinese culture
（3）The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to" 　 　"
A.the earth
B.Mars
C.the moon
D.the sun
（4）According to the passage，we can infer that 　 　.
A.Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story
B.China has made great progress in space technology
C.the writer is proud of China's space technology
D.the official doesn't like the name Zhu Rong
五．日常生活类阅读（共3小题）
23．（2021•重庆）


A map is a drawing of a place.The title tells you what place it is.The symbols of the map key stand for different places.A map shows the four directions.The letters N，S，E and W stand for north，south，east and west.Look!Walk west on the road，then turn left，and you can find the school.

（1）The picture above is a map of 　 　.
A.a country
B.a city
C.a town
D.a park
（2）On the map，you can find the following places EXCEPT 　 　.
A.a hotel
B.a school
C.a bank
D.a hospital
（3）If you want to go to the zoo，you can 　 　.
A.walk east on the road
B.walk west on the road
C.walk south on the road
D.walk north on the road
24．（2022•重庆）Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun.What about free time with parents around？Some teenagers want free play without parents' supervision（监管）while parents and experts（专家）may think differently.
Lin Tao，a middle school student，thinks teenagers should be free to play."Last time I played with my parents around，I was nervous and just couldn't enjoy myself to the fullest，"Lin says."And my friend Chen Xiaoxin has similar experiences.Once，he went out to play with his classmates.Everyone felt uncomfortable with his mother's supervision."
Wang Min，a mother of a 14﹣year﹣old boy，thinks playtime needs supervision.She explains，"People usually say I like to control my kid，but that's not true.I am just worried that he will get into trouble.Some guys may have a bad influence on him，and some games like LARP（剧本杀）may mislead him.He might even get indulged in the stories and can't get back to real life."
Mr.Ma，a doctor of social studies，says it's understandable for teenagers to wish for freedom.Free play helps them to be independent.Parents can give them more space.They don't have to supervise them all the time.However，teenagers should find out the exact details（细节）about the activities before playtime.Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.

（1）According to the passage，free time is a good chance for teenagers to 　 　.
A.study hard
B.have fun
C.get into trouble
D.mislead parents
（2）Lin Tao supports his own idea by 　 　.
A.listing numbers
B.raising questions
C.comparing facts
D.giving examples
（3）The underlined words "get indulged in" in Para.（段落）3 probably mean 　 　.
A.get lost in
B.get interested in
C.be tired of
D.be proud of
（4）According to the passage，which of the following may Mr.Ma support？ 　 　
A.He Kai's parents are around every time he plays with his friends.
B.Feng Zhongfan's parents never ask him about whom he plays with.
C.Liu Xiang goes out without knowing anything about the activities.
D.Xie Hao talks to his parents about the exact details before playtime.
25．（2021•重庆）We have made a survey about the food we have in a day in our class.Here are the results.
According to the results，the doctor gave us the following suggestions.We should have more fruit and vegetables，and fewer smacks.A healthy diet（饮食）is important.

（1）The favorite food in our class is 　 　 .
A.meat and fish
B.fruit and vegetables
C.grains
D.snacks
（2）The number of students who have milk and eggs is 　 　.
A 20
B.10
C 35
D.38
（3）The doctor thought we should have more 　 　 .
A.vegetables
B.meat
C.fish
D.snacks
六．健康环保类阅读（共3小题）
26．（2020•重庆）In China， each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to report．Where does the waste go？ People usually burn or bury（埋）it．On the other hand， we receive waste from some developed countries． We get useful materials from it．What about the useless part？ Still burned or buried．But is it a proper way？
Waste pollutes the environment， harms people's health and causes animals to die．It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development． We can't make money at the cost of the environment．We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations （一代人）．
China is getting really serious about waste now．
We are taking less waste from developed counties．From January 2018，China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country．And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made．Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．
China also tries to put waste into good use． One example is the waste electricity factories． They burn waste to make electricity in a green way， No harmful gases or water will get into the environment．
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting （分类）． Cities like Shanghai，Chongqing and Beijing have their own storing systems．More will join then soon．As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai，waste sorting is a new fashion （时尚）．More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste．

（1）The writer starts the passage by　 　．
A． telling stories
B． comparing numbers
C． raising questions
D． giving suggestions
（2）The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means"　 　" in Chinese．
A．可享受的
B．可持续的
C．可借鉴的
D．可复活的
（3）From the passage，we know that　 　．
A． waste does harm only to the environment
B． those who break the law may not be punished
C． China stops getting waste from developed counties
D． waste sorting starts to become popular in China
（4）The structure of the passage may be　 　．
（①＝Paragraph 1 ②＝Paragraph 2 ③＝Paragraph 3 ④＝Paragraph 4 ⑤＝Paragraph 5 ⑥＝Paragraph 6）

27．（2020•重庆）
Protect the sea with us!
Volunteers from all over the world are welcome!
You will
help recycle plastics．
teach children how to protect the sea in local schools．
join in weekly beach clean﹣ups with local students and teachers．
You need
to be at least 18 years old．
to be able to speak Chinese．
to be interested in protecting the sea．
to be able to start work on Monday．
You can
have colorful activities．
have three meals a day．
stay in a beach room．
Join us now!
（1）Volunteers will teach children　 　．
A． how to protect the sea
B． how to write a letter
C． how to speak Chinese
D． how to play the piano
（2）Volunteers need to start work on　 　．
A． Sunday
B． Monday
C． Friday
D． Saturday
（3）Volunteers can　 　．
A． leave at any time
B．have a good pay
C． do some business
D． stay in a beach room
28．（2022•重庆）The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics.Many green actions made it possible，like providing environmentally friendly smart beds，using new energy（能源）cars，supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.
Take making ice as an example.China didn't use R507，a common material，to make ice because it isn't friendly enough to the environment.Through 18 months' hard work，China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.
A net of tubes runs under the ice.High﹣pressure liquid（液态） CO2 goes through them to create heat（热）exchange.The CO2 evaporates（蒸发）under the ice surface.The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle.This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all，it is much greener because there's no new CO2 produced.Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics，7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result，much less pollution was caused.
Beijing did so much more to save energy.Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials.As for the old ones，Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in.70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry.And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality（碳中和），and it has set new standards in green technologies.Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.

（1）How long did it take China to develop the CO2 direct cooling technology？ 　 　
A.18 months.
B.100 weeks.
C.15 days.
D.7 years.
（2）The writer writes Para.3 to show 　 　.
A.why the CO2 goes into another circle
B.how the new ice﹣making technology helped
C.how sporting places used the new technology
D.why the liquid CO2 runs through the net of tubes
（3）According to the passage，we can infer（推断）that 　 　.
A.all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future
B.the CO2 direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world
C.the high﹣pressure liquid CO2 will totally take the place of R507 soon
D.no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　.
A.A New Green Ice﹣making Technology
B.Green Technologies Used in Sports
C.A Shared Future of Green Development
D.The Green Beijing Winter Olympics
七．教育文化类阅读（共1小题）
29．（2022•重庆）
Welcome to our school farm!I'm Potato.






Dry me in the sun for 2 hours.
Plant me about 20 cm deep in the ground.
Use the soil in No.6 box.
The best temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃.
After 2 or 3 weeks，a potato plant will rise out of the ground.
The potato plant will flower.
When the flowers die，carefully dig up the potato plant.Then you'll have your own potatoes.
（1）Dry me in the sun for 　 　.
A.2 hours
B.20 hours
C.8 days
D.15 days
（2）Plant me 　 　.
A.on the leaves
B.on the moon
C.in the hat
D.in the ground
（3）Carefully dig up the potato plant when 　 　.
A the soil is wet
B.the temperature is 15℃
C.the flowers die
D.you see the school farm
八．文学作品类阅读（共1小题）
30．（2021•重庆）Build for yourself a strong box.Build each part with care；
When it strong as your hand can make it，
Put all your troubles there.
Hide there all thought of your failures.And each pain that you take；
Lock all your heartaches in it，
Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh

Tell no one else what's inside，Never share its secrets；
When you've dropped in your care and worry，
Keep them for ever there.Hide them from sight（视野）so completely；
That the world will never dream half；Cover the strong box safely，
Then sit on the lid and laugh.

（1）The material above is probably 　 　.
A.a story
B.a play
C.a poem
D.a letter
（2）What does the writer advise us to put in the box？ 　 　
A.Happy things.
B.Sad things.
C.Interesting things.
D.Boring things.
（3）According to the writer，we'd better keep these things in the box 　 　.
A.for ever
B.for a year
C.for a month
D.for a week
（4）After covering the box with the lid，we can sit on it and 　 　.
A.cry
B.share
C.dream
D.laugh

参考答案与试题解析
一．人物故事类阅读（共10小题）
1．（2022•重庆）"Lots of restaurants say they're the best.To be honest，we are not and we've never said we are.We just try to be a little bit better every day，" said Mr.Yang，who runs a restaurant named Grandpa Yang in Chongqing.
Yang started the restaurant in 2011.He was unhappy when quite a lot of food was left uneaten. "If customers know more about the food before they order，they will know what to pick，" he thought.So he decided to write something about each dish on his menu online.
Now there is something about the food. "Compared with our General Tao Chicken，this one is not THAT good，" says the introduction of Orange Beef.Another introduction warns， "Don't let the name fool you.This one is NOT a real Sichuan dish."
"People often search online to find the right restaurant.I don't want them to say， 'Oh，it's one of the best in the area，and it must be very good，' but then they come here only to find it's not so good，" Yang said， "Customers should read more about the food before they order，not only my introductions，but also other customers' opinions."
Thanks to his honesty，the restaurant is having a moment under the sun. "It's been a very exciting and busy time，" said Yang， "and I love it."

（1）The restaurant Grandpa Yang was started 　B　.
A.in 2001
B.in 2011
C.in 2012
D.in 2021
（2）Mr.Yang was unhappy when 　D　.
A the food was almost sold out
B.customers knew a lot about the food
C.customers found the food unhealthy
D.quite a lot of food was left uneaten
（3）Mr.Yang thinks that 　C　.
A.his restaurant is the best
B.people shouldn't search online
C.General Tao Chicken is good
D.customers shouldn't say anything
（4）According to the passage，the restaurant becomes successful mainly because 　B　.
A.it offers good service
B.Mr.Yang is honest
C.it offers a good price
D.Mr.Yang is foolish
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Yang started the restaurant in 2011.（杨于2011年开始经营这家餐厅。）可知这家餐馆是杨爷爷 2011年开的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段He was unhappy when quite a lot of food was left uneaten. （他很不开心，因为有很多食物没吃。）可知杨先生当时很不高兴，因为相当多的食物没吃。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Now there is something about the food. "Compared with our General Tao Chicken，this one is not THAT good，" （现在有一些关于食物的东西。"与我们的普通陶鸡相比，这只不是那么好，"）可知杨先生认为陶鸡不错。故选C。
（4）细节推断题。根据最后一段Thanks to his honesty，the restaurant is having a moment under the sun. （多亏了他的诚实，这家餐馆才有了片刻的欢乐。）可推出这家餐厅之所以成功，主要是因为杨先生很诚实。故选B。
2．（2022•重庆）We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us，but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking.While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton，one of the greatest scientists，we seldom notice the creative thinking is in fact a process（过程）.
Let's look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden，Newton watched an apple fall from a tree.He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth.Newton believed it did.He called it "gravity（重力）".
This story has become one of the most popular examples of "eureka" moments.But when we cheer for the great discovery，the whole process of creative thinking shouldn't be forgotten.Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world.He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems.The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before.It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine "gravity" carefully.He experimented（实验）.Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments.In 1687，the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school，we prepare ourselves for the right moment.Once the moment comes，we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come.It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking，but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.

（1）You may read the passage in a 　C　.
A notice
B.picture
C.magazine
D.dictionary
（2）The underlined word "eureka" in Paragraph（段落） 4 probably means " 　A　".
A.I've got it
B.I give up
C.I've no idea
D.I believe it
（3）The writer mainly develops his idea by 　B　.
A.raising questions
B.giving examples
C.listing numbers
D.explaining differences
（4）The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of 　D　.
a.He caught the right moment.
b.He did experiments over and over.
c.He saw an apple fall from a tree.
d.He studied mathematics for long.
A.a﹣c﹣d﹣b
B.b﹣a﹣c﹣d
C.a﹣b﹣c﹣d
D.d﹣c﹣a﹣b
【解答】（1）文章来源题。根据第一段While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton，one of the greatest scientists，we seldom notice the creative thinking is in fact a process（过程）.（当我们相信创造性思维是最伟大的科学家之一艾萨克•牛顿掉下来的苹果时，我们很少注意到创造性思维实际上是一个过程。）判断本文可能来自于杂志。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第四段This story has become one of the most popular examples of "eureka" moments.（这个故事已经成为"_____"时刻最受欢迎的例子之一。）判断牛顿的故事说明了灵感到来的那一刻，猜测划线单词的含义为"我明白了"。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton，one of the greatest scientists，we seldom notice the creative thinking is in fact a process（过程）.（当我们相信创造性思维是最伟大的科学家之一艾萨克•牛顿掉下来的苹果时，我们很少注意到创造性思维实际上是一个过程。）可知作者主要通过举例来表达观点。故选B。
（4）顺序排列题。根据第四段和第五段Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world.He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems.The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before.It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.Newton began to examine "gravity" carefully.He experimented（实验）.（为了更好地了解世界，牛顿长期研究数学。他总是喜欢寻找解决问题的新方法。掉落的苹果只是多年辛勤工作的结果。这也开启了接下来二十年的思路。牛顿开始仔细研究"引力"。他做了很多实验。）可知正确的顺序是：d﹣c﹣a﹣b。故选D。
3．（2021•重庆）Liu Xiuxiang was born in a poor family.When he was 4，his father died.His mother developed mental（精神的）health problems.When he was 10，his elder brother and sisters left and never returned.To make a living，Liu collected rubbish，and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations.However difficult it was，he never gave up his study.
In 2007，Liu failed the Gaokao.He got lost.He wondered if he should continue studying.After working in a bathhouse for about 50 days，he decided to go back to school.In 2008，he finally passed the Gaokao and went to university.
After graduation，he became a history teacher in his hometown. "I want to come back to tell the children，who are as poor and lost as I was，that education has changed my life. "Liu set a good example for them to take control of lives through education.
Now Liu gives speeches around the country.His story inspires（鼓舞）many students and encourages people to help those from poor families.Since 2012，he has helped more than 1，900 students and called on more teachers to work in poor areas to improve the quality（质量）of education.
Liu was titled "the most beautiful teacher" in 2020.His story moves us a lot.

（1）How long did Liu Xiuxiang work during summer vacations in high school？ 　D　
A.4 hours a day.
B.10 hours a day.
C.12 hours a day.
D.18 hours a day.
（2）The underlined word "lost" in Paragraph 2 probably means " 　D　.
A.丢失的
B.错过的
C.迷路的
D.迷茫的
（3）Liu Xiuxiang set a good example for the children to take control of lives through 　C　.
A.speeches
B.money
C.education
D.jobs
（4）The passage is written in the order of 　B　.
A.space
B.time
C.persons
D.opinion
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段To make a living，Liu collected rubbish，and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations.可知为了生活，刘捡垃圾，而且在高中暑假每天工作18个小时，故选D。
（2）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段In 2007，Liu failed the Gaokao.He wondered if he should continue studying.在2007年，刘高考失利。他想知道是否应该继续学习，据此判断感到迷茫，因此猜测划线单词的含义为迷茫的，故选D。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第三段Liu set a good example for them to take control of lives through education.可知刘为他们树立了一个通过教育掌握生活的好榜样。故选C。
（4）B.细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段When he was 4，his father died.When he was 10，his elder brother and sisters left and never returned.In 2007，Liu failed the Gaokao.当他四岁的时候，他父亲死了。当他10岁的时候，他哥哥和姐姐再没回来，在2007年，刘高考失利，可知本文通过时间顺序叙述的，故选B。
4．（2020•重庆）Last year，I went to Italy as an exchange student．Before leaving，I asked my mother what gifts I should take to the teachers and the students there．Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice，for China is praised as"the Fan Kingdom"．I couldn't agree more，because it is more than a tool for cooling．It's also an important part of Chinese culture．
I went shopping and bought three kinds of Chinese fans．The first kind was the feather （羽毛）fan for the teachers，which was made of bird feathers．It was the symbol of Zhuge Liang，a very smart man in ancient China．The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans．They were also called "round silk fans"．Fans of this kind were made of silk with paintings of beautiful women，birds or flowers．They were very popular with women of all ages．As for the boys，I picked the folding fans from Rongchang ，a place in the west of Chongqing．The folding fans were made of paper and bamboo and there were great paintings and calligraphy （书法） on them．
At the welcome party in Italy ，my new teachers and classmates were all excited to get the wonderful fans．And they were even more excited after learning about the stories and culture behind them．

（1）The writer went to Italy for 　A　 last year．
A．learning
B．traveling
C．teaching
D．shopping
（2）The folding fans the writer bought were made in 　B　．
A．Dazu
B．Rongchang
C．Tongliang
D．Wulong
（3）According to the passage，the writer gave the fans like the one in Picture 　C　to the girls．

（4）The writer wrote this passage in a 　D　tone（语气）．
A．humorous
B．surprising
C．serious
D．proud
【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．根据Last year，I went to Italy as an exchange student，可知，作者作为交换生去意大利学习．故选A．
（2）B．细节理解题．根据As for the boys，I picked the folding fans from Rongchang ，可知，作者购买的折叠扇是产自荣昌．故选B．
（3）C．细节理解题．根据 The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans．They were also called "round silk fans"．可知，作者买个女孩的是圆的丝绸扇．故选C．
（4）D．推理判断题．根据 At the welcome party in Italy ，my new teachers and classmates were all excited to get the wonderful fans．And they were even more excited after learning about the stories and culture behind them，可知，作者作为交换生去意大利学习，她带了代表中国文化的礼物﹣﹣扇子给老师和同学们，老师和同学们都很喜欢这些礼物，更喜欢听文化背后的故事，由此可推断，作者是用一种骄傲的语气来写这篇文章．故选D．
5．（2020•重庆）Characters：a judge （法官） Mike （a painter） Peer （a cook）
Setting：a courtroom （法庭）
A judge is sitting behind a desk．Mike and Peter are standing in front of her．
Peter：Your honor．This man lives in a room above my restaurant．I heard him telling a friend that he was stealing from me．
Mike：Smell，your honor!I just take the smells of the food coming up from the restaurant．
Judge：（Looking at Mike） What do you do with the smells？
Mike：The smells help me imagine that I am eating a fine dinner．
Judge：（To Peter） And how much do you want for these smells，sir？
Peter：The 5 coins he always carries．
Mike：But my mother gave me the coins to save me when in need．
Judge：（To Mike） Drop the coins onto the table，one at a time． （Mike drops the coins，） Case dismissed （结案）．
Peter：What do you mean？I didn't get paid!
Judge：You want the SMELLS paid．Mike has now paid you in SOUNDS ﹣the sounds of the coins．

（1）　B　lives in a room above the restaurant．
A．The judge
B．Mike
C．Peter
D．No one
（2）Peter wanted to get 　D　from Mike．
A．the smells
B．the food
C．the sounds
D．the coins
（3）From the material，we can see that the judge is 　D　．
A．poor
B．rich
C．stupid
D．wise
（4）The material above is probably 　A　．
A．a play
B．a poem
C．a notice
D．a diary
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据Peter：Your honor．This man lives in a room above my restaurant，可知，是Mike住在餐厅楼上．故选B．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据 The 5 coins he always carries，可知，Peter想从Mike那获得硬币作为赔偿．故选D．
（3）D．推理判断题．根据You want the SMELLS paid．Mike has now paid you in SOUNDS ﹣the sounds of the coins，可知，Peter想从Mike那获得味道的赔付，法官让Mike弄出硬币的响声，这就是赔给Peter的，由此可以看出，法官是非常明智的，既赔给了Peter，又让Mike没有损失．故选D．
（4）A．推理判断题．本文讲述了发生在一个法官和Peter，Mike之间的故事，结合所给选项，这个故事最有可能是一出戏，故选A．
6．（2020•重庆）

Li Hua，14 Chengdu Feb﹣Apr．
7：00 a．m．
Get up
7：20 a．m．﹣7：40 a．m．
Have breakfast
7：50 a．m．﹣ 8：10 a．m． Read English or Chinese texts aloud
11：50 a．m．﹣ 1：00 p．m．Enjoy lunch with my family
8：30 a．m．﹣ 1：30 a．m，
Listen to the teachers carefully．
Do eye exercises during the break time
8：20 a．m． ﹣8：30 a．m．Get ready for online classes
2：30 p．m．﹣ 4：30 p．m．Study by myself
5：00 p．m ﹣ 6.00 p．m．Do sports or play the guitar
7：00 p．m． ﹣ 9：30 p．m．Watch news and play with my younger sister
（1）Li Hua　B　at 7：30 a．m． from February to April．
A． got up
B． had breakfast
C． read aloud
D． watched news
（2）Li Hua learned by himself　C　from February to April．
A． from 8：30 a．m． to 11：30 a．m．
B． from 11：50 a．m． to 1：00 p．m．
C． from 2：30 p．m． to 4：30 p．m．
D． from 7：00 p．m． to 9：30 p．m．
（3）The material above is about Li Hua's　D　from February to April．
A． housework
B． homework
C． school activities
D． daily life
【解答】细节理解题．
（1）B．根据7：20 a．m．﹣7：40 a．m．Have breakfast，他7：30在吃早餐．故选B．
（2）C．根据2：30 p．m．﹣ 4：30 p．m．Study by myself，可知，他在2：30﹣4：30自学．故选C．
（3）D．根据表内的信息，本表是介绍了李华一天的日常生活安排．故选D．
7．（2020•重庆）People say laughter is the best medicine， but sometimes too much of a good thing may not be so good． What happened to me last night made me deeply understand the meaning of that．
Last night I was alone at home． When I was watching a funny movie， I suddenly started laughing and couldn't stop myself．
At first， I was feeling good．
But after about 5 minutes， I came to know I wasn't going to stop at all， I began to feel a little worried．
Time for bed． But I couldn't sleep because I kept laughing．So I got up and started doing some housework． I cleaned my apartment， laughing hard．I washed all the dishes left over from dinner，still laughing crazily． I tried to hold my cat in my arms， but it ran away from me in fear． I spent the rest of the night in front of my computer， of course， still laughing．
When time finally came to get ready for work， I realized that I simply couldn't go to the office like that． I decided to call my boss for leave， but laughing was the only thing I could do on the phone．
After listening to my"lovely" laughter for a few minutes， my boss couldn't help shouting angrily，"Are you mad？ You're fired（解雇）!"
Suddenly I woke up． Thank God! I just had a dream．

（1）What happened last night made the writer　A　．
A． understand something
B． forget his pain
C． keep doing housework
D． get a good job
（2）When the writer was watching a movie， he suddenly started　D　．
A． crying
B． coughing
C． jumping
D． laughing
（3）The cat ran away because　B　．
A．it was going to sleep
B． it was afraid of the writer
C． it wanted to have dinner
D． it saw a mouse running
（4）How did the writer's feelings change in the story？　C　
A． relaxed﹣angry﹣ good
B． good﹣ excited﹣worried
C． good﹣ worried﹣relaxed
D． worried﹣good﹣angry
【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．根据What happened to me last night made me deeply understand the meaning of that．可知，昨晚上让作者明白了某些事．故选A．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据When I was watching a funny movie， I suddenly started laughing and couldn't stop myself，可知，当作者在看一部搞笑的电影时，她突然开始大笑．故选D．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据 I tried to hold my cat in my arms， but it ran away from me in fear，可知，猫突然从作者的胳膊里抛开是因为作者一直笑，所以猫害怕他．故选B．
（4）C．概括归纳题．根据At first， I was feeling good，可知，刚开始作者开始笑的时候，感觉还不错．根据 But after about 5 minutes， I came to know I wasn't going to stop at all， I began to feel a little worried，可知，5分钟后作者一直在笑，根本无法停止，所以他开始有一点担忧．根据 Suddenly I woke up． Thank God! I just had a dream．可知，当作者意识到这是一个梦的时候，他感到放松了．故选C．
8．（2022•重庆）A man gets out of his car.He rushes into a doctor's office."DOCTOR!Please help me!I think I must be seriously ill."
"Tell me what's wrong，"the doctor says beside his desk.
"Everywhere I touch on my body，it hurts!" the man answers.
"Come on and sit on the chair.Please show me."
So the man touches his left foot and cries out of pain.Then he touches his right knee and cries，"Ouch."Then he touches his back and jumps out of the chair.
As he is about to continue，the doctor says，"That's enough.Let me see."After a while，the doctor says，"Oh，I know.Feel your finger."

（1）The man thinks he must be 　A　.
A.seriously ill
B.really heavy
C.very healthy
D.terribly thin
（2）The doctor asks the man to sit 　B　.
A.in his car
B.on the chair
C.on the floor
D.on the desk
（3）The doctor finds the man probably breaks 　D　.
A.his foot
B.his knee
C.his back
D.his finger
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据DOCTOR!Please help me!I think I must be seriously ill.（医生!请帮助我!我想我一定是病得很重。"）可知这个人认为他一定是病得很严重，故选：A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Come on and sit on the chair.Please show me.（来，坐在椅子上。请给我看看。）可知医生让那个人坐在椅子上，故选：B。
（3）推理判断题。根据Oh，I know.Feel your finger.（哦，我知道了。感觉是你的手指。）可推知医生发现这个人可能是手指出问题了 ，故选：D。
9．（2021•重庆）In September，2020，I had the chance to come to China for the first time and visited Yunnan Province.
On the first day we went to a village named Xiaopingzhai.I was amazed to discover that small tea factory could bring in 6 million yuan a year with only 20 workers.
The next of our trip was the village of Kangmian.Many families now live there after leaving uninhabitable（不适合居住的）areas.The new village has 450 housing units.There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs so that they can support themselves.Of the 1，331 villagers，609 now have jobs.
In Shuiduichong，a traditional Yao ethnic（瑶族）group village，we visited the workshops for making silver ornaments（饰品）.We discovered the skill had a history of more than 200 year.Besides the traditional use of silver ornaments in Yao culture， ▲ .
A set of silver ornaments can be sold for between 10，000 and 20，000 yuan on the market.The making of silver ornaments creates jobs in the village.Shuiduichong now has more than 20 family workshops.
This trip was over.I have realized that through the hard work of the Chinese government，great changes have taken place in Yunnan.These impressive（印象深刻的）results should serve as an example for other developing countries.

（1）The trip followed the way of 　B　.
A.Xiaopinghai→ Shuiduichong→ Kangmian
B.Xiaopingzhai→Kangmian→ Shuiduichong
C.Kangmian→ Shuiduichong→ Xiaopingzhai
D.Kangmian→Xiaopingzhai→ Shuiduichong
（2）In Kangmian the government helps the people by 　D　.
A.selling products
B.giving money
C.opening factories
D.providing jobs
（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ？ 　C　
A.tourists like them very much
B.these objects have a high value
C.people buy them as gifts
D.they can be seen everywhere
（4）The structure of the passage may be 　D　.
（①＝Paragraph 1
②Paragraph 2
③Paragraph3
④Paragraph 4
⑤Paragraph5
⑥Paragraph 6）
A.
B.
C.
D.
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二、三、四段On the first day we went to a village named Xiaopingzhai.The next of our trip was the village of Kangmian.In Shuiduichong，a traditional Yao ethnic（瑶族）group village，we visited the workshops for making silver ornaments（饰品）.第一天我们去了一个名为晓平寨的村庄，我们接下来去了康面村，在Shuiduichong，一个传统的瑶族村庄，我们参观了制作银饰的作坊，可知作者旅行的顺序依次是晓平寨、康面村、Shuiduichong，故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs so that they can support themselves可知在那儿我知道了政府通过提供工作帮助人们以便于他们可以养活自己，故选D。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段Besides the traditional use of silver ornaments in Yao culture除了在瑶族文化中银饰的传统使用之外，据此推断空格处要说明的是银饰的其他用途，结合选项，推断其恰当的含义为人们也购买它们作为礼物，故选C。
（4）D.文章结构题。总览全文，可知第一段主要讲了作者获得去云南的机会，而第二段到第五段分别讲了去不同地方的经历，二最后一段讲了自己的感受，而第四段和第五段都讲的是银饰，因此判断本文最好的结构如D选项所示，故选D。
10．（2021•重庆）Five people were waiting for a company（公司）.Inside the room，they could do whatever they liked，except using the phone or the Internet.
On the first day，all of the five people were excited.They were imagining their bright future.But there was no interview.
On the second day，they came again for the interview.But to their surprise，there was no news about the interview.Two of them got upset.
On the third morning，they arrived earlier.Still，no news came.By mid﹣day，most of them were irritated .Some thought the company did not care for them.Some regretted coming here.Only one man was different.He was happy all those days.He kept smiling while the others complained（抱怨）.
At the end of that day，the boss appeared.To their disappointment，the boss said that their interview had ended and only one of them was chosen.It was the man who kept happy.Then the boss added "We want someone who can keep happy in whatever situations .Keeping happy is an ability!"

（1）The five people were waiting for 　A　 .
A.an interview
B.a meeting
C.a phone call
D.a meal
（2）The underlined word "irritated" in Paragraph 4 probably means" 　B　" .
A.快活的
B.愤怒的
C.放松的
D.胆怯的
（3）The man was chosen because 　B　 .
A.he listened to the others
B.he kept happy
C.his answers were better
D.he cared for others
（4）The passage probably comes from 　C　.
A.a dictionary
B.a poster
C.a magazine
D.a notice
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一、二段，Five people were waiting for a company（公司）.有五个人在一家公司等着；They were imagining their bright future.But there was no interview.他们想象着自己光明的未来，但没有等来面试。可知，这五个人在公司等着面试，故选A.
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第四段，On the third morning，they arrived earlier.Sill，no news came.By mid﹣day，most of them were irritated .到了第三天早上，他们来得比较早。然而，没有消息传来。到了中午，他们大多数人都很___。可知，因为等了很久还没有消息，因此他们是非常生气的，故选B.
（3）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段，Then the boss added "We want someone who can keep happy in whatever situations .Keeping happy is an ability!"然后老板又说："我们需要一个在任何情况下都能保持快乐的人，保持快乐是一种能力！"可知，这个男人之所以被录取是因为他一直保持着快乐的心情和状态，故选B.
（4）C.文章来源题。根据文章主要讲述了5个人前往某公司面试，最终一直保持高兴的那个人被录用了，从而强调了快乐的重用性。该类文章应出现在杂志上，故选C.
二．社会文化类阅读（共5小题）
11．（2022•重庆）When Xiong Chuanfa，34，blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes，kids look at him in surprise thinking he is a magician.
Xiong has been blowing sugar figurines（吹糖人） for over twenty years.Blowing sugar figurines is a Chinese traditional folk（民间） art with a history of over 600 years and has been listed as a state﹣level intangible cultural heritage.
Every morning，Xiong prepares the sugar and drives to different markets in Nanchang to start his magic show.
He heats（加热） the sugar，pulls off a little to make a ball and blows it into different shapes ﹣﹣ a rabbit，a monkey，and even Bing Dwen Dwen，the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
People，especially little kids，are interested in his skills. ▲ ，he also stops by colleges.
Many college students have been drawn to the art，waiting in line for hands﹣on experience.Among them，Simon，a foreign student，couldn't help having a try.Though it looked easy，he found it difficult to make it.Thanks to Xiong's help，Simon finally saw a horse slowly taking shape.
Simon was deeply moved after learning about the art. "I just can't believe the traditional folk art can be kept so well here.I love it.Chinese culture should be spread around the world，" he said.
This art has been passed down for four generations（代） in Xiong's family.His 6﹣year﹣old son often blows sugar balloons，just like what be used to do as a child.
"We will pass on the intangible heritage，" said Xiong.

（1）From the passage we can learn that Xiong Chuanfa is 　B　.
A.26 years old
B.34 years old
C.a bus driver
D.a foreign magician
（2）Which of the following can be put to the ▲ ？ 　A　
A.To draw young people closer to the art
B.To help young people learn drawing skills
C.To teach little kids the skills of drawing
D.To make little kids more interested in the art
（3）According to the passage，we can infer（推断） that Simon will most probably 　C　.
A stay in China to blow sugar horses
B.offer Xiong a helping hand in class
C.learn more about Chinese culture
D.blow perfect sugar figurines next time
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？ 　A　
A Xiong and His Folk Art or Sweet Blows
B.A Magic Folk Art and Chinese Culture
C.Xiong's Family and Sugar Figurine Skills
D.A Guide and the Intangible Heritages

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段When Xiong Chuanfa，34，blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes.（当34岁的熊传发在几分钟内将一只栩栩如生的老虎从糖里吹出来时。）可知熊传发是34岁。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段he also stops by colleges.（他还去了一些大学。）可知是为了"让年轻人更接近艺术。"故选A。
（3）细节推断题。根据倒数第三段I just can't believe the traditional folk art can be kept so well here.I love it.Chinese culture should be spread around the world，（我简直不敢相信传统民间艺术能在这里保存得这么好。我喜欢它。中国文化应该传播到世界各地。）可推出西蒙很可能会学习中国文化。故选C。
（4）最佳标题题。根据全文可知本文主要介绍的是民间艺人熊传发传承非物质遗产的故事，A项"熊和他的民间艺术吹糖人"符合。故选A。
12．（2022•重庆）①Since the first man looked up at the flying birds，countless successes have been achieved on the way up to the sky.From the stones thrown into the air to airships of all kinds，pioneers of humans never failed to let their imagination run wild.
②Stories of pioneers go back to centuries ago.
③Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC and is thought to be the earliest example of man﹣made flight.
④From the 3rd century BC，the sky lantern（灯笼） was known in China.Many people believe that it was invented by Zhuge Liang in the war.Some say he wrote a message on a sky lantern for help，while others believe sky lanterns were used to drive the enemies away.
⑤Whichever is true，humans have never stopped，and they never will.In modern times，new fields are being explored（探索）.
⑥In 1993，the world's largest hot air airship was built.The AS﹣300 carried an underslung raft （悬挂式木筏）.It allowed a team of French scientists to carry out their treetop researches without too much harm to the rain forest.
⑦On May 15，2022，Chinese scientists sent up the latest model of "Jimu No.1"，China's self﹣developed airship，to collect weather information on the Qinghai﹣Tibet Plateau.
⑧The airship would work at a world﹣record altitude（海拔） of 9，032 meters.It was the first time an airship of its size had reached this height，even higher than that of the 8，849﹣meter﹣tall Mount Qomolangma，the highest mountain in the world.

（1）According to the passage，we learn 　C　.
A.Zhuge Liang was believed to invent kites
B.sky lanterns were used just for fun in China
C.kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC
D.sky lanterns were known in China before the 3rd century BC
（2）Both the AS﹣300 and the latest model of "Jimu No.1" are airships which 　B　.
A.were harmful to the forest
B.broke a world record each
C.reached the highest mountain
D.helped with treetop researches
（3）The writer's main purpose in writing the passage is to 　D　.
A.share humorous stories about the pioneers
B.show how excellent ancient people were
C.encourage us to learn more about imagination
D.praise the never ending exploration into the sky
（4）The structure（结构） of the passage is 　A　.
A.
B.
C.
D.
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC and is thought to be the earliest example of man﹣made flight.（风筝在中国的历史可以追溯到公元前5世纪，被认为是最早的人造飞行。）可知中国的风筝可以追溯到公元前5世纪。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据第六段In 1993，the world's largest hot air airship was built.The AS﹣300 carried an underslung raft （悬挂式木筏）.（1993年，世界上最大的热空气飞艇建成了。AS﹣300带悬挂式木筏。）以及最后一段It was the first time an airship of its size had reached this height，even higher than that of the 8，849﹣meter﹣tall Mount Qomolangma，the highest mountain in the world.（这种规模的飞艇达到这样的高度尚属首次，甚至比世界第一高峰、海拔8849米的珠穆朗玛峰还要高。）推断这两个飞艇都打破了世界纪录。故选B。
（3）目的意图题。根据第一段From the stones thrown into the air to airships of all kinds，pioneers of humans never failed to let their imagination run wild.（从抛向空中的石头到各式各样的飞艇，人类的先驱者们从不放过自己的想象力。）判断作者的目的是赞美无止境的对天空的探索。故选D。
（4）文章结构题。总览全文，可知第一段总说人类对天空的探索，第二段讲了总说历史上的探索，第三段和第四段分说历史上的探索，第五段讲了人们在新领域的探索，而第六段到第八段是分说人们在新领域的探索，判断最好的结构如A所示。故选A。
13．（2021•重庆）
2021 is the year of the ox（牛）.In March，a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting，Five Oxen，came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China，as well as the importance of agriculture（农业）in history.
Han Huang （723﹣787）was the painter of Five Oxen.He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty.His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive.Unluckily，Five Oxen is probably his only painting left.
Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history.In the painting，the five oxen are in a line.They are of different colors and shapes.And each has a different appearance（形态），walking or standing，holding their heads high or low.With lively expressions and bright eyes，the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints（抱怨）.As the name suggests，▲.It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves.
The painting was missing in 1900.Luckily，it returned to China during the early 1950s.However，it was terribly broken with many holes in it.Great efforts were made to save it.Now Five Oxen，probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper，is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

（1）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 1 refers to " 　B　
A.The year of the ox
B.The set of stamps
C.The Tang Dynasty
D.The painting Five Oxen
（2）Han Huang's paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so 　A　.
A.alive
B.bright
C.lucky
D.colorful
（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲？ 　C　
A.the ox is very popular in the Tang Dynasty
B.the ox is a symbol of traditional Chinese culture
C.the painting is of the five oxen with no special background
D.the painting wants to tell people to work hard and creatively
（4）This passage mainly wants to tell us that 　D　.
A.Five Oxen is Han's only painting left
B.oxen have different colors and shapes
C.oxen are very hard﹣working animals
D.Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful
【解答】（1）B.词义猜测题。根据第一段In March，a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting，Five Oxen，came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China，as well as the importance of agriculture（农业）in history.三月，一套关于唐代名画《五牛图》的邮票问世了。它可以让更多的人了解中国古代伟大的艺术，以及历史上农业的重要性。据此判断让更多人了解中国古代伟大艺术的是邮票，故选B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive.可知韩滉的《五牛图》受到很多人的喜爱因为他画的动物都非常生动，故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三段It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves.可知它让人们只关注牛本身，因此推断这幅绘画就像名字暗示的一样，没有其他特殊的背景，因此推断空格处应该填入的是《五牛图》没有特殊的背景，故选C。
（4）D.主旨大意题。根据第三段Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history.《五牛图》是中国艺术史上最好的动物绘画之一，可知本文主要介绍了《五牛图》非常珍贵且意义重大，故选D。
14．（2020•重庆）"Humans can develop certain abilities we aren't born with by practicing animals' movements，" the traditional Chinese Wushu lovers believed in the past ﹣ and still do today．
Chinese Five﹣Animal Exercises，also known as Wuqinxi，are the first complete set of qigong exercises following the movements of animals：monkeys，deer（鹿），birds，bears and tigers．They were created by one of the greatest doctors in Chinese history，Hua Tuo，more than 1，800 years ago．
The Five﹣Animal Exercises are well﹣designed to help blood circulation（循环），and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve the health．
"The bear movements are good for the stomach．The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back．The deer movements help reduce the fat around the waist（腰）．The bird movements can help keep our knees healthy and the monkey movements can be good for the heart．"said Hua Yi，the 59th inheritor（继承人）of Wuqinxi．
For those new learners，the first few exercises might not go well．You may find it hard to focus（集中注意力）．Wear comfortable clothes，keep peaceful in your mind，try to move slowly…Little by little，you'll feel more and more harmonious with nature．You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer，walking in the forest freely．
These exercises need no tools and they are easy to learn．You can search online for the videos and practice them at any time when you feel like relaxing your body and mind．Because it's fun to practice and good for health，Five﹣ Animal Exercises are becoming more and more popular in recent years，not only in China，but also in many other places of the world．

（1）People practice Five﹣Animal Exercises in order to 　C　．
A．fight against enemies
B．protect wild animals
C．improve the health
D．play as a group game
（2）If your grandfather has a pain in the back， 　D　 may help him a lot．
A．the bear movements
B．the monkey movements
C．the bird movements
D．the tiger movements
（3）The underlined word "harmonious" in Paragraph 5 probably means 　B　．
A．兴奋的
B．和谐的
C．敬畏的
D．肤浅的
（4）The structure of the passage may be 　A　．
（①＝Paragraph 1 ②＝Paragraph 2 ③＝ Paragraph 3 ④＝Paragraph 4 ⑤＝Paragraph 5 ⑥＝ Paragraph 6）

【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段，The Five﹣Animal Exercises are well﹣designed to help blood circulation（循环），and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve the health．五禽戏运动都是精心设计的，目的是帮助血液循环，让能量在体内顺畅地流动，从而增进健康．可知，人们练习五禽戏是为了促进健康，故选C．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段，The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back．老虎的动作可以减轻背部疼痛．可知，如果你的祖父背部疼痛的话，可以练习老虎的动作，故选D．
（3）B．词义猜测题．根据文章第五段，Wear comfortable clothes，keep peaceful in your mind，try to move slowly…Little by little，you'll feel more and more harmonious with nature．穿上舒适的衣服，保持内心的平和，试着慢慢地移动……一点一点，你会感觉到与自然越来越…可知，划线单词意为：和谐的，故选B．
（4）A．推理判断题．根据文章结构，第一、二段对其产生背景做出了交代，第三、四段讲述了其优点，最后二段给出了作者的一些建议，结合选项，故选A．
15．（2022•重庆）①On January 4th，the China National Traditional Orchestra（中央民族乐团）played some well﹣known traditional music in their concert.Audiences（观众）enjoyed the beautiful sounds guzheng，the powerful tunes of suona，the tearful notes of erhu and so on.Each traditional Chinese musical instrument tells its own story.
②"I've fallen in love with the sounds of traditional instruments，especially pipa，four﹣stringed（弦）instrument with a history of more than 2，000 years.It can produce different sounds，such as the sounds of falling snow and raindrops.Every time I listen to a pipa tune，I have a strong feeling of peace，"said Yang Tian，an audience of the concert.
③However，a recent report suggests_______.To wake up people's love for tradition music，something creative has been done.
④In some traditional music concerts，VR（虚拟现实）technology is used to bring the starry sky or the beautiful sandy view of Dunhuang to the music hall.It makes the experience like watching a 3 D movie.
⑤Li Xiaobing，a music teacher from Beijing，mixes traditional folk（民间）singing，opera and Chinese instruments through technology.People are surprised at his works and they love them!
⑥Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music.They bring modern music like pop and rap into traditional music.When the east meets the west，the new form of music wins the hearts of both the old and the young.
⑦Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture，and with some creativity，great things happen.

（1）Which of the following can be put in the_______？ 　C　
A.pipa can not produce the sound of falling snow
B.traditional music is much better than modern music
C.the number of traditional music listeners is dropping
D.more young people show interest in traditional music
（2）To wake up people's love for traditional music，Li Xiaobing 　C　.
A.tells many tearful stories
B.makes good 3 D movies
C.mixes traditional music
D.sings pop and rap songs
（3）The structure（结构） of the passage is 　B　.
A.
B.
C.
D.
（4）According to the passage，the writer believes 　D　.
A.traditional music should only be played in concerts
B.the ways to play traditional music must be changed
C.traditional music must remain unchanged all the time
D.traditional music with creativity will be more popular
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据横线后面To wake up people's love for tradition music，something creative has been done.（为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了一些创造性的事情。）可知传统音乐听众的数量正在下降。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Li Xiaobing，a music teacher from Beijing，mixes traditional folk（民间）singing，opera and Chinese instruments through technology.（来自北京的音乐教师李小兵通过科技将传统民歌、歌剧和中国乐器融为一体。）可知为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，李小兵将传统音乐混合在一起。故选C。
（3）段落归纳题。根据文章可知第一段和第二段介绍了中国民族管弦乐团在音乐会上演奏了一些著名的传统音乐；第三段到第六段介绍了目前传统音乐的现状；第七段总结传统音乐的意义。因此B项最符合题意。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第七段Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture，and with some creativity，great things happen（传统音乐展示了我们文化的美，有了一些创造力，伟大的事情发生了）可知作者可能认为有创意的传统音乐会更受欢迎。故选D。
三．史地常识类阅读（共1小题）
16．（2020•重庆）Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people．Since Wuhan was unlocked on April 8，there have been many people lining up at snack shops there．
In the evening，hundreds of street﹣ side stalls（摊位）come out on the street and provide popular snacks and local food at low prices．Travelers can enjoy hot dry noodles，tasty chicken soup and Chinese dumplings…Don't miss Jiujiu duck necks．Chi Li，a popular writer，tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show．Thousands of people come to search for the scenes（场景）in the novel．
Local people like to order several best﹣known dishes and some bottles of beer and spend their evening time with friends there．For travelers，another exciting thing is the folk music performed by folk musicians at your table．You can enjoy delicious food when listening to music．
With the street becoming busy， the city began to breathe again．

（1）Jiqing Street is a good place to　B　．
A．study English
B．try local food
C．tell love stories
D．go skating
（2）According to the passage，Chi Li mentions　D　in her novel Life Show．
A．Chinese dumplings
B．hot dry noodles
C．chicken soup
D．duck necks
（3）How do you understand the underlined part "the city began to breathe again" in the last paragraph？　C　
A．The air becomes fresh again．
B．The water gets clearer．
C．The city becomes lively again．
D．The food gets nicer．
（4）The material is probably from　A　．
A．a travel website
B．a history book
C．a science magazine
D．a dictionary
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people．武汉吉庆街是品尝当地美食、体验当地人日常生活的好地方．可知，吉庆街是品尝当地美食的好地方，故选B．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据文章第二段，Don't miss Jiujiu duck necks．Chi Li，a popular writer，tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show．不要错过九九鸭脖子，著名作家池莉在她的小说《生活秀》中讲述了一个在这条街上卖鸭脖的美女的爱情故事．可知，池莉在她的小说中提到了鸭脖这个食物，故选D．
（3）C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段，With the street becoming busy， the city began to breathe again．随着街道变得繁忙起来，这个城市又开始呼吸了．可知，伴随着武汉这个城市的解封，街道变得繁忙起来，这个城市也就变得更有生机了，故选C．
（4）A．文章来源题．根据文章第一段，Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people．Since Wuhan was unlocked on April 8，there have been many people lining up at snack shops there．武汉吉庆街是品尝当地美食、体验当地人日常生活的好去处，自4月8日武汉解禁以来，已有不少市民在小吃店排队等候．可知，本文章主要向读者介绍了武汉的吉庆街，以及对它的特点进行了说明．该类文章应出现在旅游网站，故选A．
四．科普知识类阅读（共6小题）
17．（2021•重庆）Historically，most cars have run on gasoline（汽油），but that may change in the future：cars can also run on other liquid fuels（液体燃料）and electricity.
Gasoline is from oil.The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons（碳氢化合物）.Gasoline provides great power for cars.However，it causes environmental problems，like air pollution and temperature rise.So gasoline can't be the best fuel.
Another choice is electricity.Electricity cars can be as efficient（效能好的）as cars using gasoline，And they produce less pollution.But electric cars themselves are more expensive.Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
The other choices are other liquid fuels.Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline，and used in the same cars.They can also be friendly to the environment.
One way to make such fuels is to get CO2 from the air and put it in water.Through chemical reaction，hydrocarbons can be created.However，these fuels take up more space.
Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air.These fuels are greener in use.But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.
For a fuel to be the best，people have to be able to afford it.Unluckily，almost every green technology is more expensive than that of using gasoline.Governments and car producers are doing everything they can to cut down the costs.In the end，the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.

（1）Gasoline provides cars with 　A　.
A.great power
B.fresh air
C.clean water
D.enough space
（2）According to Paragraph 3，we can infer that electric cars 　C　.
A.produce less pollution
B.will become more and more expensive
C.will become more popular
D.are more efficient than those using gasoline
（3）The structure of the passage may be 　B　.
A.
B.
C.
D.
（4）What would be the best title for the passage？ 　C　
A.How Do We Protect Our Planet？
B.What Are the Fuels' Differences？
C.What Is the Best Fuel for Cars？
D.How Do We Make Fuels for Cars？
【解答】（1）A 细节理解题。根据第二段Gasoline provides great power for cars.可知汽油给车提供动力。故选A。
（2）C 推理判断题。通读第三段，可得出的直接信息：1.电动汽车可以和用汽油的车一样效能好；2.电动汽车产生的污染少；3.价格比较贵。可以排除A、B和D选项。根据"Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010."可知自2010年以来电动汽车的花费变低，也有越来越多的地方提供充电，可以推断出电动汽车会越来越受欢迎。故选C。
（3）B 文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总结段，介绍车的三大动力来源：汽油、液体燃料和电；第二、三和四段分别介绍了汽油、电力以及其他液体燃料，第五和第六段是对液体燃料的展开介绍 ，第七段是总结段，故选B。
（4）C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了几种不同的"燃料"：汽油、电和其他液体燃料，并告诉我们环境友好型的以及价格合适的燃料最合适使用。故What Is the Best Fuel for Cars？是最佳标题，故选C。
18．（2020•重庆）Facial recognition technology （人脸识别技术） is widely used today．For example，police use it to search for bad guys．It's also used to unlock phones or doors．
Now，a similar technology，known as facial detection（探测），is entering a new field：the business of advertising（广告）．
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores．One facial detection system can judge a person's "happiness" or "fear" level．That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store．Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses．If so，sores can send advertisements for new glasses to him．
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards．Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings﹣from "very happy" to "very unhappy"．
Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices．
Some are against the idea of using such systems．Pam Dixon，the head of a privacy（隐私）group，is one of them．She thinks__▲__．For example，a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings．
However，one store testing the technology explained they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages．And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos．

（1）Facial detection technology can tell people's　B　 according to the passage．
A．weight
B．feelings
C．height
D．jobs
（2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the　C　？
A．nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B．it is very important to protect people's privacy
C．the strange actions may cause something unfair
D．businesses may use them to have more customers
（3）We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology　D　．
A．can detect buyers' names and record them
B．is put inside some large advertising boards
C．may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D．may need some time before being widely used
（4）The best title of the passage may be"　C　"．
A．Facial Recognition Technology Entering a New Field
B．Facial Recognition Technology Looking for Bad Guys
C．Facial Detection Technology Going into Advertising Field
D．Facial Detection Technology improving Buyers' Experience
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题．根据 段落3 Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores．One facial detection system can judge a person's "happiness" or "fear" level一种面部检测系统可以判断一个人的"快乐"或"恐惧"程度，可知可以判断人的感觉，故选B．
（2）C 内容理解题．根据For example，a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings."可知这个技术可以根据人的年龄和感受来抬高产品价格，这个行为相对来说是不公平的，所以第二题选C。
（3）D 细节推断题．根据 段落6 Some are against the idea of using such systems．和段落7 However，one store testing the technology explained they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages．And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos，可知这项技术存在争议，需要进一步完善才能广泛使用，故选D．
（4）C 题目归纳题．根据 段落2 Now，a similar technology，known as facial detection，is entering a new field：the business of advertising，结合文章内容，可知文章主要介绍了面部检测进入一个广告领域，故选C．
19．（2020•重庆）When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005，she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots worked but few showed interest．"But now，it's different，"says Nejat，"People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready．"
Nejat's robots are designed to fill an increasing need：care﹣giving for the old．The population of the people over age 80 will be 426 million in 2050，three times larger than that now．
Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer's disease（老年痴呆症）．They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding（提醒）the patients of taking their medicine．They can also play games with patients to keep them active．
Some have worried that care﹣giving robots might reduce（ 减少）human interaction（ 互动）and cause more humans to lose their jobs．"But the aim is to support human care，not to take the place of it，" says Brian Scassellati．He has tested robots with different patients，and found that daily interaction with robots can help children with autism spectrum disorder（ 自闭症障碍） improve social skills．
As a field grows，scientists aim to understand human﹣robot relationships better．Do robots offer advantages because they don't have feelings and don't give opinions？Will patients lose interest？
"One thing is clear，" Scassellati says，"Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future．"

（1）Nejat's robots are designed to 　C　．
A．work in the factory
B．make phone calls
C．take care of the old
D．knock on doors
（2）The writer starts the passage by 　B　．
A．telling two stories
B．comparing two facts
C．raising a question
D．giving an example
（3）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is 　A　．
A．what the robots can do
B．what serious problems the robots cause
C．what the old people can do
D．what the old people think of the robots
（4）According to Scasellati，we can infer that Nejat's robots 　C　．
A．will have feelings soon
B．can take the place of humans
C．should be produced more
D．won't give their own opinions
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段，Nejat's robots are designed to fill an increasing need：care﹣giving for the old．Nejat的机器人被设计来满足日益增长的需求：照顾老人．可知，Nejat的机器人主要是被设计来照顾老人的，故选C．
（2）B．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots worked but few showed interest．"But now，it's different，"says Nejat，"People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready．"她花了很多时间敲门让人们知道她的机器人是如何工作的，但很少有人表现出兴趣．"但现在，情况不同了，" Nejat说，"来自世界各地的人打电话来问我的机器人什么时候能准备好．"可知，作者是以人们对 Nejat机器人所表现出的不同的态度这二个事实来开始文章叙述的，故选B．
（3）A．段落大意题．根据文章第三段，Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer's disease（老年痴呆症）．They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding（提醒）the patients of taking their medicine．They can also play games with patients to keep them active．这种机器人对阿尔茨海默病患者尤其有用，它们可以帮助患者进行日常活动，从准备食物到提醒患者服药，还可以与患者玩游戏，让他们保持活力．可知，第三段主要讲述了这种机器人的作用以及对它们能做的事情进行了描述，故选A．
（4）C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段，"One thing is clear，" Scassellati says，"Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future．""有一点很清楚，"斯卡塞拉蒂说，"机器人可以为顾客提供护理，而且这种需求在未来会增加．"可知，在Scasellati看来，这种机器人在未来是会有很大市场的，即将会生产更多的这种机器人，故选C．
20．（2022•重庆）

Orangutans
Orangutans are nature lovers.They like hanging out in the tree.They spend 95% of their time up there in the tree.They sleep and eat in their nests（巢）.The nests are big enough for even a 10﹣year﹣old kid to play in.

Pigs
Pigs may not look so cute when they find mud（泥） holes.They like playing in the mud﹣it is like their natural playground.And when it is hot，they stay in the mud to cool themselves.They don't care how dirty they get.

Sea turtles
Sea turtle eggs are like ping﹣pong balls.After baby turtles break out of the eggs，they get themselves out of the sand and hurry to leave the beach for the sea.They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.
（1）In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passages？ 　C　
A.Sports.
B.Health.
C.Nature.
D.News.
（2）Orangutans like hanging out 　A　.
A.in the tree
B.on the beach
C.in the sea
D.in the mud
（3）On hot days，pigs like to play in the mud to 　D　.
A.look for food
B.learn skills
C.fall asleep
D.cool themselves
（4）Which of the following is true according to the passages？ 　B　
A.Sea turtles have eggs like soccer balls.
B.Baby sea turtles are good swimmers.
C.Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sea.
D.Baby sea turtles are safe on the beach.



【解答】（1）文章出处题。根据全文，本文主要介绍了大自然中三种动物的生活习性。故可能会在报纸的自然部分阅读这些段落。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Orangutans are nature lovers.They like hanging out in the tree.（猩猩是大自然的爱好者。他们喜欢在树上闲逛。）可知红毛猩猩喜欢在树上玩。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段And when it is hot，they stay in the mud to cool themselves.（天气热的时候，它们会呆在泥里凉快。）可知猪喜欢在泥泞中玩耍让自己凉快下来。故选D。
（4）细节判断题。根据第三段they get themselves out of the sand and hurry to leave the beach for the sea.They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.（他们从沙滩上爬出来，赶紧离开海滩去海边。他们在海里游泳24小时以躲避危险。）可知小海龟是很好的游泳运动员。故选B。
21．（2021•重庆）A new contact lens（隐形眼镜片）has been developed by scientists from America，Britain and China.It can check for illnesses at any time by examining chemicals in tears.A new sensor（感应器）is used to achieve his purpose.
Scientists hope that the improvement could help to deal with sudden medical events.Dr.Zhao Yunlong said， "COVID﹣19 has had a great influence on the scientific world.And we are doing research to help people deal with similar events in the future."
When introducing the new contact lens，Dr.Guo Shiqi，a researcher at Harvard，said，"In the past，the sensor was put between the layers（层）of the lens.It didn't have direct contact（接触）with tears，But our new sensor is smaller and smarter.I t can be fixed to a lens and keep direct contact with tears.What's more，it causes no discomfort to the eye.
The contact lens has not been put to the market，but researchers are quite sure that it will be welcomed.It is especially useful for the old and those who may experience sudden medical events.
As society develops，scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience（便利）for people.The contact lens is one of what they are researching on.Earlier，a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology.It can show the health information on the mobile phone.Steve Sinclair，head of the company，said， "We have to build something that helps you when you need it and stays of when you don't need it."

（1）According to Dr.Zhao Yunlong，they did the research because 　D　 .
A.they are experienced
B.they are asked to do so
C.they want to fight COVID﹣19
D.they want to help people
（2）The advantage of the new sensor is that 　C　.
A.it is put between lenses
B.it is much cheaper
C.it is smaller and smarter
D.it can be used for many years
（3）The writer writes the last paragraph by giving 　A　 .
A.an opinion and facts
B.an opinion and answers
C.a question and facts
D.a question and answers
（4）The best title of this passage probably is 　B　 .
A.Sensors：Science and Technology
B.Contact Lenses Care and Convenience
C.The Most Useful Product
D.Great Companies of Contact Lens
【解答】（1）D 细节理解题。根据And we are doing research to help people deal with similar events in the future.可知他们做这项研究的目的是为了在将来帮助人们应对类似的事件。故选D。
（2）C 细节理解题。根据"But our new sensor is smaller and smarter.It can be fixed to a lens and keep direct contact with tears.What's more，it causes no discomfort to the eye.但是我们的新传感器更小巧、更智能。它可以固定在镜片上，与眼泪直接接触，而且不会给眼睛带来不适"可知，新传感器的优点是更小、更智能。故选C。
（3）A 推理判断题。根据"As society develops，scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience（便利）for people.随着社会的发展，科学家们应该研发出更多为人们提供关怀和便利的产品"可知这是作者的观点；根据"a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology.It can show the health information on the mobile phone.一家加利福尼亚的公司研发了另一种使用LED技术的隐形眼镜，它可以在手机上显示健康信息"，可知这是陈述一个事实，故推断出作者是通过给出观点和事实展开最后一段，故选A。
（4）B 标题归纳题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了一种使用了更小、更智能的新型传感器的隐形眼镜片，这种隐形眼镜能够为人们在应对突发的医疗事件中提供关怀与便利，故最佳标题应是"隐形眼镜片关怀与便利"，故选B。
22．（2021•重庆）China has named the nation's first Mars rover（火星车）Zhu Rong.For all of us，Zhu Rong is a well﹣suited name.
In an ancient Chinese story，Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal.He rode on two dragons.When he had a big fight with Gong Gong，the god of water，Zhu Rong won.But after the fight，the human world came into complete darkness.Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.
"Zhu Rong is regarded as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture，" a space official said. "The first Mars rover was named Zhu Rong.The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country，and means to guide humans to continue exploration."
After leaving the earth last summer，Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May.In recent years，our country has sent up the world's first quantum satellite（量子卫星），and Chang'e﹣4 has made a soft landing on the moon.We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start building our own space station.

（1）What Zhu Rong brought from heaven to the world was 　A　 .
A.fire
B.wars
C.water
D.animals
（2）For China's space exploration，the name Zhu Rong symbolizes 　C　.
A.a big fight
B.complete darkness
C.light and hope
D.Chinese culture
（3）The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to" 　B　"
A.the earth
B.Mars
C.the moon
D.the sun
（4）According to the passage，we can infer that 　C　.
A.Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story
B.China has made great progress in space technology
C.the writer is proud of China's space technology
D.the official doesn't like the name Zhu Rong
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.可知然后他为世界从天国带来了火。故选A。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country，可知这个名字象征着太空探索的光明与希望；故选C。
（3）B.词义猜测题。通读全文，尤其是根据After leaving the earth last summer，Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May.可知祝融绕火星飞行了几个月，并于今年5月在它上面登陆。根据前文含义可知此处it指的是火星，故选B。
（4）C.细节判断题。根据We have made great progress in space technology 可知我们在航天技术上取得了巨大进步。因此可知B选项表述正确，故选C。
五．日常生活类阅读（共3小题）
23．（2021•重庆）

A map is a drawing of a place.The title tells you what place it is.The symbols of the map key stand for different places.A map shows the four directions.The letters N，S，E and W stand for north，south，east and west.Look!Walk west on the road，then turn left，and you can find the school.

（1）The picture above is a map of 　C　.
A.a country
B.a city
C.a town
D.a park
（2）On the map，you can find the following places EXCEPT 　A　.
A.a hotel
B.a school
C.a bank
D.a hospital
（3）If you want to go to the zoo，you can 　B　.
A.walk east on the road
B.walk west on the road
C.walk south on the road
D.walk north on the road
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据Green Town可知图片是格林小镇的地图，故选C。
（2）A.细节判断题。根据图片，可知图中有学校、医院、饭馆、动物园和银行，因此判断没有酒店，故选A。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据图片，可知左边是西，而人站的位置是东边，可知人要去动物园直走往西就到了，故选B。
24．（2022•重庆）Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun.What about free time with parents around？Some teenagers want free play without parents' supervision（监管）while parents and experts（专家）may think differently.
Lin Tao，a middle school student，thinks teenagers should be free to play."Last time I played with my parents around，I was nervous and just couldn't enjoy myself to the fullest，"Lin says."And my friend Chen Xiaoxin has similar experiences.Once，he went out to play with his classmates.Everyone felt uncomfortable with his mother's supervision."
Wang Min，a mother of a 14﹣year﹣old boy，thinks playtime needs supervision.She explains，"People usually say I like to control my kid，but that's not true.I am just worried that he will get into trouble.Some guys may have a bad influence on him，and some games like LARP（剧本杀）may mislead him.He might even get indulged in the stories and can't get back to real life."
Mr.Ma，a doctor of social studies，says it's understandable for teenagers to wish for freedom.Free play helps them to be independent.Parents can give them more space.They don't have to supervise them all the time.However，teenagers should find out the exact details（细节）about the activities before playtime.Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.

（1）According to the passage，free time is a good chance for teenagers to 　B　.
A.study hard
B.have fun
C.get into trouble
D.mislead parents
（2）Lin Tao supports his own idea by 　D　.
A.listing numbers
B.raising questions
C.comparing facts
D.giving examples
（3）The underlined words "get indulged in" in Para.（段落）3 probably mean 　A　.
A.get lost in
B.get interested in
C.be tired of
D.be proud of
（4）According to the passage，which of the following may Mr.Ma support？ 　D　
A.He Kai's parents are around every time he plays with his friends.
B.Feng Zhongfan's parents never ask him about whom he plays with.
C.Liu Xiang goes out without knowing anything about the activities.
D.Xie Hao talks to his parents about the exact details before playtime.
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun.（空闲时间是青少年娱乐的好机会。）可知空闲时间是青少年娱乐的好机会。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Lin Tao，a middle school student，thinks teenagers should be free to play."Last time I played with my parents around，I was nervous and just couldn't enjoy myself to the fullest，"Lin says."And my friend Chen Xiaoxin has similar experiences.Once，he went out to play with his classmates.Everyone felt uncomfortable with his mother's supervision."（中学生林涛认为青少年应该自由玩耍。"上次我和父母一起玩的时候，我很紧张，不能尽情享受，"林说。"我的朋友陈晓欣也有类似的经历。有一次，他和同学们出去玩。每个人都对母亲的监督感到不舒服。"）可知林涛举例说明支持自己的观点。故选D。
（3）词义理解题。根据第三段He might even get indulged in the stories and can't get back to real life.（他甚至可能.....故事，无法回到现实生活中。）可知 "get indulged in"的意思是"沉迷其中"故选A。
（4）细节判断题。根据最后一段However，teenagers should find out the exact details about the activities before playtime.Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.（然而，青少年应该了解确切的细节，关于游戏时间前的活动。然后，他们可以与父母沟通，共同决定是否可以单独出去玩。）可知马先生可能会支持谢浩在玩耍前向父母讲述了具体细节。故选D。
25．（2021•重庆）We have made a survey about the food we have in a day in our class.Here are the results.
According to the results，the doctor gave us the following suggestions.We should have more fruit and vegetables，and fewer smacks.A healthy diet（饮食）is important.

（1）The favorite food in our class is 　D　 .
A.meat and fish
B.fruit and vegetables
C.grains
D.snacks
（2）The number of students who have milk and eggs is 　A　.
A 20
B.10
C 35
D.38
（3）The doctor thought we should have more 　A　 .
A.vegetables
B.meat
C.fish
D.snacks
【解答】（1）D.看图理解题。根据柱状图里的数据，可知，我们班最喜欢的食物是零食。故选D.
（2）A.看图理解题。根据柱状图里的数据，可知，有牛奶和鸡蛋的学生人数是20人。故选A.
（3）A.细节理解题。根据 According to the results，the doctor gave us the following suggestions.We should have more fruit and vegetables，and fewer smacks.可知，根据结果，医生给了我们以下建议：我们应该多吃水果和蔬菜，少吃零食。所以医生认为我们应该多吃点蔬菜。故选A.
六．健康环保类阅读（共3小题）
26．（2020•重庆）In China， each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to report．Where does the waste go？ People usually burn or bury（埋）it．On the other hand， we receive waste from some developed countries． We get useful materials from it．What about the useless part？ Still burned or buried．But is it a proper way？
Waste pollutes the environment， harms people's health and causes animals to die．It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development． We can't make money at the cost of the environment．We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations （一代人）．
China is getting really serious about waste now．
We are taking less waste from developed counties．From January 2018，China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country．And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made．Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．
China also tries to put waste into good use． One example is the waste electricity factories． They burn waste to make electricity in a green way， No harmful gases or water will get into the environment．
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting （分类）． Cities like Shanghai，Chongqing and Beijing have their own storing systems．More will join then soon．As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai，waste sorting is a new fashion （时尚）．More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste．

（1）The writer starts the passage by　C　．
A． telling stories
B． comparing numbers
C． raising questions
D． giving suggestions
（2）The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means"　B　" in Chinese．
A．可享受的
B．可持续的
C．可借鉴的
D．可复活的
（3）From the passage，we know that　D　．
A． waste does harm only to the environment
B． those who break the law may not be punished
C． China stops getting waste from developed counties
D． waste sorting starts to become popular in China
（4）The structure of the passage may be　A　．
（①＝Paragraph 1 ②＝Paragraph 2 ③＝Paragraph 3 ④＝Paragraph 4 ⑤＝Paragraph 5 ⑥＝Paragraph 6）

【解答】（1）C．推理判断题．题目意为作者通过____的方式开始这篇文章，根据第一段What about the useless part？ Still burned or buried．But is it a proper way？可知作者提了几个问题，因此判断是通过提问的方式开始的，故选C．
（2）B．词义理解题．题目意为第二段划线单词"sustainable"的汉语意思是____，根据第二段We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations （一代人）．可知作者建议我们应该给后代留下干净的水和青山．因此判断垃圾阻碍我们的发展，即判断是可持续的发展，因此判断划线单词的含义为可持续的，故选B．
（3）D．推理判断题．题目意为从文中，我们可以知道____，根据最后一段As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai，waste sorting is a new fashion （时尚）．More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste．可知垃圾分类已经成为新的时尚，越来越多的人正在养成垃圾分类的习惯，因此判断在中国垃圾分类开始变得受欢迎，故选D．
（4）A．文章结构题．题目意为这篇文章的结构可能是_____，根据第一段Still burned or buried．But is it a proper way？可知本段主要是引出垃圾的问题，根据第二段Waste pollutes the environment， harms people's health and causes animals to die．可知本段主要讲了垃圾的危害，根据第三段China is getting really serious about waste now．可知本段以下主要讲了中国在处理垃圾方面采取的行动，四、五、六段分别是对第三段的具体说明，因此判断本文最好的结构是A．故选A．
27．（2020•重庆）
Protect the sea with us!
Volunteers from all over the world are welcome!
You will
help recycle plastics．
teach children how to protect the sea in local schools．
join in weekly beach clean﹣ups with local students and teachers．
You need
to be at least 18 years old．
to be able to speak Chinese．
to be interested in protecting the sea．
to be able to start work on Monday．
You can
have colorful activities．
have three meals a day．
stay in a beach room．
Join us now!
（1）Volunteers will teach children　A　．
A． how to protect the sea
B． how to write a letter
C． how to speak Chinese
D． how to play the piano
（2）Volunteers need to start work on　B　．
A． Sunday
B． Monday
C． Friday
D． Saturday
（3）Volunteers can　D　．
A． leave at any time
B．have a good pay
C． do some business
D． stay in a beach room
【解答】.细节理解题．
（1）A根据第一栏teach children how to protect the sea in local schools．可知志愿者教孩子们保护海洋．故选：A．
（2）B．根据第二栏to be able to start work on Monday．可知应该在星期一开始工作．故选：B．
（3）D．根据第三栏stay in a beach room．可知志愿者可以呆在海边的房子里．故选：D．
28．（2022•重庆）The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics.Many green actions made it possible，like providing environmentally friendly smart beds，using new energy（能源）cars，supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.
Take making ice as an example.China didn't use R507，a common material，to make ice because it isn't friendly enough to the environment.Through 18 months' hard work，China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.
A net of tubes runs under the ice.High﹣pressure liquid（液态） CO2 goes through them to create heat（热）exchange.The CO2 evaporates（蒸发）under the ice surface.The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle.This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all，it is much greener because there's no new CO2 produced.Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics，7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result，much less pollution was caused.
Beijing did so much more to save energy.Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials.As for the old ones，Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in.70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry.And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality（碳中和），and it has set new standards in green technologies.Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.

（1）How long did it take China to develop the CO2 direct cooling technology？ 　A　
A.18 months.
B.100 weeks.
C.15 days.
D.7 years.
（2）The writer writes Para.3 to show 　B　.
A.why the CO2 goes into another circle
B.how the new ice﹣making technology helped
C.how sporting places used the new technology
D.why the liquid CO2 runs through the net of tubes
（3）According to the passage，we can infer（推断）that 　B　.
A.all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future
B.the CO2 direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world
C.the high﹣pressure liquid CO2 will totally take the place of R507 soon
D.no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？ 　D　.
A.A New Green Ice﹣making Technology
B.Green Technologies Used in Sports
C.A Shared Future of Green Development
D.The Green Beijing Winter Olympics
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Through 18 months' hard work，China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.（经过18个月的努力，中国自主研发了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。）可知，中国研发二氧化碳直接冷却技术花了18个月。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据A net of tubes runs under the ice.High﹣pressure liquid（液态） CO2 goes through them to create heat（热）exchange.The CO2 evaporates（蒸发）under the ice surface.The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle.This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all，it is much greener because there's no new CO2 produced.Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics，7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result，much less pollution was caused.（冰下有一张管网。高压液态二氧化碳通过它们产生热交换。二氧化碳蒸发在冰面下。蒸发过程吸收热量，使表面的水变成冰。二氧化碳进入另一个循环。这项技术有助于更好更快地制冰。最重要的是，它更环保，因为不会产生新的二氧化碳。在冬奥会的15个冰上运动场所中，有7个使用了二氧化碳直接冷却技术来制冰。结果，造成的污染少了很多。）可知，作者写了第3段来说明新的制冰技术如何起作用。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据Through 18 months' hard work，China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.A net of tubes runs under the ice.High﹣pressure liquid（液态） CO2 goes through them to create heat（热）exchange.The CO2 evaporates（蒸发）under the ice surface.The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle.This technology helps to make ice better and faster.And above all，it is much greener because there's no new CO2 produced.Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics，7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result，much less pollution was caused.（经过18个月的努力，中国自主研发了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。冰下有一张管网。高压液态二氧化碳通过它们产生热交换。二氧化碳蒸发在冰面下。蒸发过程吸收热量，使表面的水变成冰。二氧化碳进入另一个循环。这项技术有助于更好更快地制冰。最重要的是，它更环保，因为不会产生新的二氧化碳。在冬奥会的15个冰上运动场所中，有7个使用了二氧化碳直接冷却技术来制冰。结果，造成的污染少了很多。可知，根据文章，我们可以推断二氧化碳直接冷却技术可能在世界上广泛使用。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics.Many green actions made it possible，like providing environmentally friendly smart beds，using new energy（能源）cars supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.（北京2022年冬季奥运会取得了巨大成功。中国履行了举办绿色奥运会的承诺。许多绿色行动使之成为可能，比如提供环保智能床，使用新能源汽车为运动场所提供100%清洁能源，以及重复利用雨水和雪水。）可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是：绿色北京冬奥会。故选D。
七．教育文化类阅读（共1小题）
29．（2022•重庆）
Welcome to our school farm!I'm Potato.






Dry me in the sun for 2 hours.
Plant me about 20 cm deep in the ground.
Use the soil in No.6 box.
The best temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃.
After 2 or 3 weeks，a potato plant will rise out of the ground.
The potato plant will flower.
When the flowers die，carefully dig up the potato plant.Then you'll have your own potatoes.
（1）Dry me in the sun for 　A　.
A.2 hours
B.20 hours
C.8 days
D.15 days
（2）Plant me 　D　.
A.on the leaves
B.on the moon
C.in the hat
D.in the ground
（3）Carefully dig up the potato plant when 　C　.
A the soil is wet
B.the temperature is 15℃
C.the flowers die
D.you see the school farm
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Dry me in the sun for 2 hours.（让我在太阳底下晒两个小时。）可知是让我在太阳底下晒两个小时，故选：A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Plant me about 20 cm deep in the ground.（把我种在土壤里20厘米深的地方。）可知是把我种在土壤里，故选：D。
（3）细节理解题。根据When the flowers die，carefully dig up the potato plant.（等花凋谢了，小心地把马铃薯植株挖出来。）可知是当马铃薯的花凋谢时，小心地把它挖出来，故选：C。
八．文学作品类阅读（共1小题）
30．（2021•重庆）Build for yourself a strong box.Build each part with care；
When it strong as your hand can make it，
Put all your troubles there.
Hide there all thought of your failures.And each pain that you take；
Lock all your heartaches in it，
Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh

Tell no one else what's inside，Never share its secrets；
When you've dropped in your care and worry，
Keep them for ever there.Hide them from sight（视野）so completely；
That the world will never dream half；Cover the strong box safely，
Then sit on the lid and laugh.

（1）The material above is probably 　C　.
A.a story
B.a play
C.a poem
D.a letter
（2）What does the writer advise us to put in the box？ 　B　
A.Happy things.
B.Sad things.
C.Interesting things.
D.Boring things.
（3）According to the writer，we'd better keep these things in the box 　A　.
A.for ever
B.for a year
C.for a month
D.for a week
（4）After covering the box with the lid，we can sit on it and 　D　.
A.cry
B.share
C.dream
D.laugh
【解答】（1）C.理解判断题。根据文章结构和Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh，然后坐在盖子上笑等重复性语句可判断是一首诗，故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据Put all your troubles there.Hide there all thought of your failures.And each pain that you take；Lock all your heartaches in it，把你所有的烦恼都放在那里。把你所有的失败都藏在那里。还有你承受的每一次痛苦。把你所有的心痛都锁在里面，可知作者建议我们把不好的令人悲伤的事情都放进盒子里。故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据Tell no one else what's inside，Never share its secrets；不要告诉别人里面的东西，永远不要分享它的秘密；可知我们最好把这些永远放在盒子里。故选A。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh，然后坐在盖子上笑，可知盖上盒子后，我们可以坐在上面笑。故选D。