2022-2023学年北京四十四中高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年北京四十四中高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了介绍你的基本信息；，表示你希望被录用，【答案】A、D、B、C，【答案】D、B、B、A，【答案】has imprved，【答案】which等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年北京四十四中高二（上）期中英语试卷

Aranza Delgado received an unexpected call from the shelter，Peewee's Pet Adoption World，800 miles away in Texas.She was so pleasantly (1) when learning her dog "Puppies" was picked up by a passerby after it went missing four years ago.Since he was(2)，the shelter called the chip company and got the name and telephone number of his(3).
However，Aranza had a limited window of time，and could only come to pick up Puppies one week later.Ernie Cochran，a volunteer of the shelter，replied that they were more than(4) to provide the dog with a place to stay for several more days.
"If we can get a dog back to his family，it's a wonderful thing，" thought Ernie.Ernie and the other locals teamed up with a plan to get Puppies back home as(5) as possible.
"Everybody has been amazing，from the shelter to the people who are helping me transport Puppies，" Aranza told Kris News.She was happy to be(6) with her old friend soon. "I didn't(7) how friendly everybody in Texas was and how helpful they've been.I've had a lot of(8).Actually，the lady that I've been in contact with is picking Puppies up tomorrow and she's going to (9) him overnight and then will send him back home."
Although she may never completely know what Puppies went through during the four years，Aranza hopes that her story (10) the kindness of Texans.
1.  A. surprised B. encouraged C. informed D. amused
2.  A. found B. adopted C. chipped D. abandoned
3.  A. owner B. shelter C. rescuer D. center
4.  A. grateful B. willing C. excited D. patient
5.  A. recently B. secretly C. early D. urgently
6.  A. connected B. reunited C. associated D. concerned
7.  A. understand B. forget C. admit D. realize
8.  A. requests B. troubles C. regrets D. messages
9.  A. leave B. keep C. feed D. see
10.  A. repays B. deserves C. inspires D. highlights
B
Read the post from Paul on the "Answers 4 U" website.


Read what Sarah writes in reply to Paul.



11. What problem does Paul have？ ______
A. He worries about his career life.
B. He considers himself not creative.
C. He has difficulty understanding things.
D. He will fail his course however hard he works.
12. What can we learn from Sarah's reply？ ______
A. She doesn't get why Paul is afraid.
B. She believes each question has the right answer.
C. She thinks people should often reflect on their ideas.
D. She thinks people should think freely without fear of judgement.
13. From the passage we know that ______ .
A. Paul and Sarah are strangers
B. Paul and Sarah have the same idea
C. Paul and Sarah are college classmates
D. Paul and Sarah are from the same place
C
Will Gladstone remembers first learning about the blue-footed booby in his fifth grade science class.They are a symbol of the Galapagos Islands.
The blue-footed booby population in the Galapagos has fallen to a third of its size since the1960s.This fact stayed with Will，who grew up bird-watching with his dad around their hometown.Will had never been to the Galapagos，nor seen a blue-footed booby in person，but decided he wanted to help protect them.
A few days later，he came up with a plan：He could sell blue socks，the same color as the bird's feet，to raise money for protection efforts.Will set up his online site The Blue Feet Foundation in March 2016.The website was up for three months before Will and his younger brother Matthew sold their first pair of socks. "We reached out to a lot of people and they wouldn't take us seriously...because we were just kids."
But being "just kids" comes with its own strengths.They made an Instagram account for the foundation and started direct-messaging stars.Will says one of their biggest supporters is his longtime favorite hockey player，Kevan Miller.They have sold about 10，000 pairs of socks to customers in 46 countries，raising about ＄90，000 after costs.All profits go to the Galapagos Conservancy and the Charles Darwin Foundation，two research and protection organizations based in the Galapagos Islands.
Will's and Matthew's efforts are already having a beneficial effect.Their money was used for a blue-footed booby population survey in 2017 by a team of 10 researchers.The researchers report that they did see many more baby birds than in their previous study in 2012.
Three years after forming the foundation，Will got to visit the Galapagos on a weeklong school trip.And Will finally got to see a blue-footed booby in person. "I was crazily looking around and when l saw one，it was really cool，" Will said.
The brothers have won several awards for their work.But they each say the biggest award they've got is perseverance.
14. What inspired Will to protect the blue-footed booby？ ______
A. The drop of the birds' number. B. His trip to Galapagos Islands.
C. His experience of bird-watching. D. The symbolic meaning of the bird.
15. What did Will and Matthew do while people didn't take them seriously？ ______
A. They started The Blue Feet Foundation.
B. They asked protection organizations for help.
C. They reached out to their classmates and other kids.
D. They opened an account and contacted famous people.
16. The money Will and Matthew raised was used to ______ .
A. take care of more baby birds
B. do scientific research on the birds
C. attract people to watch the birds
D. award people who protect the birds
17. Which of the following words can best describe Will？ ______
A. Humorous. B. Generous. C. Determined. D. Creative.
D
Young students are often considered "digital natives，" with technology integrated into every aspect of their lives.While this can be an advantage in some situations，research has shown that the impact is not entirely positive—the Internet allows them to quickly find information at the cost of significant distraction in class.Without being attentive，students will be incapable of processing information，which means they're not going to be able to understand，analyse，criticise and come to some decision about the information.
When students can't seem to focus，a common idea among teachers is that short is good.Many teachers simply cut lessons into smaller pieces.Some teachers begin classes with mindfulness exercises when students need to concentrate.However，it turns out that any sort of "tech breaks" could the desires to come back to study.
Some teachers also choose to "meet students where they are" on platforms like YouTube.A 2018 study from Pearson found that students tended to stay away from physical books，preferring video as a source of information second only to teachers.By meeting students where they already engage and create，teachers can better catch attention.
However，while some educators are welcoming technology in the classroom，multiple studies have shown more traditional classrooms can be more successful.A 2014 study found taking notes in longhand helped students withhold information better than using a laptop.Researchers also point out switching between short teaching pieces too quickly could take valuable comprehension from the students.Students need time to engage with a topic before moving on.
Even many tech advocates find value in traditional methods and suggest an integrated learning.They agree teachers' authority remains vital and the face-to-face interaction between students and teachers is still the primary component in the classroom.Technology will be favoured only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.
Success is no longer about knowing the most.Instead，it's the ability to think critically and creatively，the very skills that digital media weakens by lowering attention spans.If you think of people who became successful in the tech world，it wasn't because they could code；it was because they could think.Digital natives will continue to eagerly adopt new media.Teachers have no choice but to upgrade themselves，not only to ensure students can access and take advantage of new technologies，but to educate students to succeed in a world constantly trying to distract them.
18. What result has technology brought to students？ ______
A. It urges them to process information.
B. It prevents them obtaining information.
C. It ruins their possible classroom distraction.
D. It damages their ability to digest information.
19. What does the underlined word "counteract" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______
A. Maintain. B. Motivate. C. Reduce. D. Replace.
20. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. Direct instruction takes priority in lessons.
B. Digital resources will weaken offline learning.
C. Small lessons can engage students in learning.
D. Laptop noting helps students gain knowledge better.
21. What is the main idea of the passage？ ______
A. Students need to learn to get rid of social media.
B. Teachers should progress to educate the young generation.
C. The benefits of technology on education outweigh its harm.
D. Traditional methods are favoured by both teachers and students.
E
Recently，environmentalists have encouraged us to buy local food.This reduces 'food miles'，that is，the distance food travels to get from the producer to the seller.They reason that the higher the food miles，the more carbon emissions（碳排放）.Buying local food，therefore，has a lower carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly.
However，the real story is not as simple as that.If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions，we must look at the whole farming process，not just transportation.According to a 2008 study，only 11% of carbon emissions in the food production process result from transportation，and only 4% came from the final delivery of the product from the producer to the seller.
In fact，imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food.Take apples，for example.In autumn，when apples are harvested，the best option for British people is to buy British apples.However，the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months，and this uses up a lot of energy.In spring，therefore，it is more energy-saving to import them from New Zealand，where they are in season.Heating also uses a lot of energy，which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain，where the tomatoes grow well in the local climate.
We must also take into account the type of transport.Transporting food by air creates about 50 times more emissions than shipping it.However，only a small number of goods are flown to foreign countries，and these are usually high value ，perishable（易腐烂的） goods which we cannot produce locally，such as seafood and out-of-season berries.Even then，these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food.For example，beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using human labour and natural fertilisers （肥料），unlike in Britain，where we use oil-based fertilisers and machinery.Therefore，the total carbon footprint is still lower.
It's also worth remembering that a product's journey does not end at the supermarket.The distance customers travel to buy their food，and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint.So driving a long way to shop for food will wipe out any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce.
Recently，some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles by labelling（标记）foods with stickers that show it has been imported by air.But the message this gives is too simple.Lots of different factors contribute to a food's carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled.
22. What can we learn about "food miles"？ ______
A. It influences how people deliver and transport food.
B. It will increase if people are encouraged to buy local food.
C. It is the key factor contributing to a food's carbon emissions.
D. It shows how far the food goes from farmland to supermarkets.
23. The author will probably agree that ______ .
A. transporting food by air is the most energy-saving type of shipping
B. storing local food creates more carbon emissions than importing food
C. human labour and natural fertilisers can increase the carbon footprint
D. growing out-of-season food takes less energy than importing food in season
24. What is the author's attitude towards cutting food miles to reduce carbon emissions？ ______
A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Confused. D. Doubtful.
25. What is the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Food miles：Is buying local food always better？
B. Carbon emissions：How to grow food in a greener way？
C. Transportation：Is delivering food creates carbon footprint？
D. Carbon footprint：What does importing food bring to environment？
Healthy See， Healthy Do Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach， and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy． But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases． The location of store displays （摆放） also influences our shopping choices． (1)
The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food． Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks． (2) A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves， for example． In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods．
(3) It has been working with more than 1，000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods． "We know that the stores are full of cues （暗示） meant to encourage consumption，" says Tamar Adjoian， a research scientist at the department， "Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products．"
Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas， so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study． (4) Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks．
Of the more than 2，100 shoppers they observed， just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area． Among those who did， however， customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines． (5) The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior．
The potential influence may seem small， but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers' eyes to nutritious， lower-calorie foods． Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City．

A． These foods give people more energy．
B． They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often．
C． And it may make or break some healthy eating habits．
D． The supermarkets began to offer nutritious， lower-calorie foods．
E． These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health．
F． They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter．
G． And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior．
26.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
28.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. What do you think of the party ______ last night？（ hold）
32. I hope one day I could live in a country ______ the sun always shines.
33. ______ with your parents can help them understand you better. （communicate）
34. Thanks to his teacher's help，Tom's English ______ greatly in the past few years. （improve）
35. Don't phone me between 10：00 and 11：30 tomorrow morning.I ______ a meeting then. （have）
(1)
(2)
36. Yuan Longping always worked deep into night， ______ for his experiment the next day. （prepare）
37. I planned to write about Mr. Chaplin, ______ films are still very popular among a large audience.
38. It is said that the old coins ______under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered. （bury）
39. People today watch TV more than they buy books， ______ is the reason why they understand visual information far better than written information.
40. ______ into a college or university in the UK，we must prove ourselves to have a strong ability in spoken and written English. （admit）
41.

wrap
highlight
influential
distraction
sensitive
feedback
ashamed
swallow
extinct
occasional

(1) She was deeply ______ of her rude behaviour at the party.
(2) To ______ means to make food or drink go down your throat into your stomach.
(3) Her skin is very ______ to the sun.So hats and sunscreen cream are very necessary.
(4) Jack feels that the constant noise is getting to be a ______ from what he is doing now.
(5) When you ______ something，you fold paper or cloth tightly around it to cover it completely.
(6) As the father of hybrid rice，Yuan Longping is one of the most ______ scientists in agriculture.
(7) If you say you ______ meet your friend，you mean you sometimes meet each other，but not often.
(8) When you are reading，it is important to ______ the key points with a marker so that it will be helpful for you to review what you have learnt.
(9) If you get ______ on your work or progress，it means someone tells you how well or badly you are doing，and how you could improve.
(10) If you say a species of animal or plant is ______ ，you mean it no longer has any living members，either in the world or in a particular place.
42. 代表我们班，我写信感谢你所有的帮助。 ______
43. 知道有许多人欣赏我所做的事真让我开心。 ______
44. 我们一来到岛上就迫不及待地开始探索。 ______
45. 在过去的20年里，路上汽车的数量增加了25%。 ______
46. 显然，人类活动已经对地球上所有其他物种产生了负面影响。 ______
47. 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，你得知首都博物馆将在寒假举办"古丝绸之路"展，目前正在招聘英文义务讲解员，你对此很感兴趣。请用英文给博物馆的负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1.介绍你的基本信息；
2.说明你的优势；
3.表示你希望被录用。
提示词：古丝绸之路 the Ancient Silk Road
讲解员 guide
答案和解析

1~10.【答案】A、C、A、B、C、B、B、D、B、D
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.surprised惊讶的；B.encouraged受到鼓舞的；C.informed有见识的；D.amused被逗乐的。句意：当她得知她四年前失踪的狗"Puppies"被路人捡到时，她感到非常惊讶。根据上文"an unexpected call"和"her dog 'Puppies' was picked up by a passerby after it went missing four years ago"可知，得知丢了4年的狗狗被找到，对于狗主人Aranza来说这是一件令人惊讶的事情。故选A项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.found发现；B.adopted收养；C.chipped给植入芯片；D.abandoned抛弃。句意：因为它被植入了芯片，收容所打电话给芯片公司，得到了它主人的名字和电话号码。根据下文"the shelter called the chip company"可推知，狗狗被植入了芯片，所以收容所通过芯片公司找到了它的主人。故选C项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.owner主人；B.shelter收容所；C.rescuer救助者；D.center中心。句意：因为它被植入了芯片，收容所打电话给芯片公司，得到了它主人的名字和电话号码。根据上文"It was an unexpected call for Aranza Delgado from the shelter"和"She was so pleasantly       when learning her dog "Puppies" was picked up by a passerby after it went missing four years ago."可知，收容所的电话打给了狗的主人，所以收容所找到的是狗主人的电话。故选A项。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.grateful感激的；B.willing乐意的；C.excited激动的；D.patient耐心的。句意：收容所的志愿者厄尼•科克伦回复说，他们非常愿意为这只狗提供一个地方，让它多住几天的。根据"Aranza had a limited window of time，and could only come to pick up Puppies one week later"和最后一段"the kindness of Texans"可推知，在得知Aranza要几周后才有时间去接狗狗时，善良的德州人Ernie肯定是愿意（willing）多照顾狗狗几天的。故选B项。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.recently最近；B.secretly秘密地；C.early提早，早；D.urgently迫切地。句意：厄尼和其他当地人一起计划尽快把小狗们带回家。根据上文"If we can get a dog back to his family，it's a wonderful thing"可知，Ernie会想办法尽可能快地把狗狗送还主人，as early as possible意为"尽可能早"。故选C项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.connected连接；B.reunited团聚；C.associated联想；D.concerned使忧虑。句意：她很高兴很快就能与老朋友重逢了。根据上文"Ernie and the other locals teamed up with a plan to get Puppies back home as       as possible."可知，Ernie正在想办法尽可能快地把狗狗送还Aranza，所以她很快就会和老朋友，Puppies，团聚了。故选B项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.understand理解；B.forget忘记；C.admit承认；D.realize意识到。句意：我没有忘记在德州的每个人都是多么的友好，他们是多么的乐于助人。根据语境可知，Aranza得到了德州人的帮助，所以她没有会记住他们的友善。故选B项。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.requests要求；B.troubles麻烦；C.regrets懊悔；D.messages信息。句意：我收到了很多信息。根据下文"Actually，the lady that I've been in contact with is picking Puppies up tomorrow and she's going to       him overnight and then will send him back home."可知，这是Aranza得到的狗狗回家途中的最新信息。故选D项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.leave离开；B.keep饲养，留下；C.feed喂；D.see看见。句意：事实上，我一直在联系的那位女士明天会去接小狗，然后照顾它一晚上，再把它送回家。根据"overnight"可知，这位女士会让小狗寄宿一晚。故选B项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.repays回报；B.deserves值得；C.inspires激励；D.highlights突显。句意：虽然她可能永远也不会完全知道小狗们在这四年里经历了什么，但阿兰莎希望她的故事能凸显出德州人的善良。根据上文可知，善良的德州人帮助Aranza找到丢了4年的狗狗并送回她身边，所以她想用这个故事来证明、来展示德州人的善良。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善良的德州人帮助Aranza找到丢了4年的狗狗，并把它送回Aranza身边的感人故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

11~13.【答案】B、D、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一个帖子里的but now I'm really anxious because I'm not a creative person at all! （但现在我真的很焦虑，因为我根本不是一个有创造力的人！）可知，保罗的问题是他认为自己没有创造力。故选B。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第二个帖子里的If you try an idea and other people laugh at your idea，that's their problem，not yours.（如果你尝试了一个想法，其他人却嘲笑你的想法，那是他们的问题，不是你的问题。）可知，她认为人们应该自由地思考，而不必害怕别人的评价。故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第一段的Read the post from Paul on the "Answers 4 U" website.（阅读保罗在"回答4 U"网站上发表的文章。）和第二个帖子里的I read your post and can completely relate to it.（我读了你的帖子，完全能感同身受。）可知，Paul在网上发文章求助，Sarah在网上回帖，因此他们是陌生人，故选A。
本文是一篇应用文，是一封网上的求助信和建议信。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

14~17.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。由文章第二段The blue-footed booby population in the Galapagos has fallen to a third of its size since the1960s.This fact stayed with Will，who grew up bird-watching with his dad around their hometown.Will had never been to the Galapagos，nor seen a blue-footed booby in person，but decided he wanted to help protect them.（自20世纪60年代以来，加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的数量已下降到其数量的三分之一。这一事实一直伴随着Will，他和父亲一起在家乡观鸟长大。Will从未去过加拉帕戈斯，也没有亲眼见过蓝脚鲣鸟，但他决定要帮助保护他们。）可知，加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的数量减少的这件事让Will决定帮助它们。故选A。
（2）D.细节理解题。由文章第四段But being "just kids" comes with its own strengths.They made an Instagram account for the foundation and started direct-messaging stars.Will says one of their biggest supporters is his longtime favorite hockey player，Kevan Miller.（但"只是孩子"有其自身的优势。他们在Instagram上为该基金会注册了帐号，并开始了明星直销。威尔说，他们最大的支持者之一是他长期以来最喜欢的曲棍球运动员凯文•米勒。）可知，他们注册了该基金会帐号并联系明星来帮助。故选D。
（3）B.细节理解题。由文章第五段Their money was used for a blue-footed booby population survey in 2017 by a team of 10 researchers. （他们的资金被一个由100名研究人员组成的团队用于2017年的蓝脚鲣鸟数量调查。）可知，他们筹集的钱被用来做科学研究了。故选B。
（4）C.推理判断题。由文章最后一段The brothers have won several awards for their work.But they each say the biggest award they've got is perseverance.（兄弟俩的工作获得了好几个奖项。但他们都说，他们获得的最大奖项是坚持。）可知，Will很有决心，A.Humorous幽默的；B.Generous慷慨的；C.Determined有决心的；D.Creative有创造力的。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个名叫Will Gladstone的孩子保护加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

18~21.【答案】D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Without being attentive，students will be incapable of processing information，which means they're not going to be able to understand，analyse，criticise and come to some decision about the information.（如果注意力不集中，学生将无法处理信息，这意味着他们将无法理解、分析、批评并对信息做出决定。）可推知，互联网会让学生的注意力分散，注意力分散后就不能很好的去消化所获得的信息。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段Some teachers begin classes with mindfulness exercises when students need to concentrate.（当学生需要集中注意力时，一些老师开始上课时进行正念练习。）以及转折连词however可知前后为转折关系。根据划线所在句子的 any sort of "tech breaks"（任何形式的"技术突破"）和后面的the desires to come back to study（重返学习的欲望）可知，老师在上课是会想一些办法让学生集中注意力，但是，只要碰上和互联网有关的东西，就会降低孩子们学习的欲望，所以counteract的意思为"减少，降低"。A.Maintain维护；B.Motivate激励；C.Reduce减少；D.Replace取代。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段Even many tech advocates find value in traditional methods and suggest an integrated learning.They agree teachers' authority remains vital and the face-to-face interaction between students and teachers is still the primary component in the classroom. （甚至许多技术倡导者也发现传统方法的价值，并建议进行综合学习。他们同意教师的权威仍然至关重要，师生面对面的互动仍然是课堂的主要组成部分。）可知，在教学当中，我们应该遵循传统的方法，老师和学生面对面教学，老师对学生做出直接的指导应该在教学中占优先地位。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段Teachers have no choice but to upgrade themselves，not only to ensure students can access and take advantage of new technologies，but to educate students to succeed in a world constantly trying to distract them.（教师别无选择，只能自我提升，这不仅是为了确保学生能够接触和利用新技术，也是为了教育学生在一个不断试图分散他们注意力的世界中取得成功。）可知，这篇文章想要表达我们不可能避免网络或科技给学生们带来的害处，只有老师不断提升自己来教育年轻的一代，让他们在一个不断试图分散他们注意力的世界中取得成功。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述现在电子科技已经融入到了年轻学生的生活中，研究表明互联网让他们能够快速找到信息，而代价是课堂上的注意力严重分散。教师别无选择，只能自我提升，这不仅是为了确保学生能够接触和利用新技术，也是为了教育学生在一个不断试图分散他们注意力的世界中取得成功。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

22~25.【答案】D、B、B、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句This reduces "food miles"，that is，the distance food travels to get from the producer to the seller. （这减少了"食物里程"，即食物从生产者到销售者的距离。）可知，"食物里程"指食物从生产者到销售者的距离，由此可知，"食物里程"显示了食物从农田到超市有多远。故选D项。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段第四句However，the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months，and this uses up a lot of energy.In spring，therefore，it is more energy-saving to import them from New Zealand，where they are in season. （然而，我们在冬天或春天买的苹果已经冷藏了几个月，这消耗了很多能量。因此，在春季，从新西兰进口苹果更节能，因为新西兰正是盛产苹果的季节。）可知，作者列举苹果的例子告诉我们，储存当地的食物会消耗更多能量，产生更多的碳排放，相比之下，进口食物更节能，由此可知，作者可能会同意储存当地食物比进口食物产生更多的碳排放。故选B项。
（3）B.情感态度题。根据第一段第一句Recently，environmentalists have encouraged us to buy local food.This reduces "food miles"，that is，the distance food travels to get from the producer to the seller. （最近，环保主义者鼓励我们购买当地食物。这减少了"食物里程"，即食物从生产者到销售者的距离。）可知，文章第一段表明环保主义者认为减少食物里程可以减少碳排放；根据第二段第一句However，the real story is not as simple as that.If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions，we must look at the whole farming process，not just transportation. （然而，真实的故事并没有那么简单。如果我们的目标是减少碳排放，我们必须着眼于整个农业过程，而不仅仅是运输。）和第三段第一句In fact，imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food. （事实上，进口食品的碳足迹通常低于当地种植的食品。）可知，作者在下文否定了环保主义者的观点，作者认为要想减少碳排放，必须着眼于整个农业过程，而不仅仅是运输，有时，进口食品的碳足迹通常低于当地种植的食品，由此可推断出，作者对减少食物里程以减少碳排放持否定态度。A.Supportive.支持的；B.Negative.否定的；C.Confused.困惑的；D.Doubtful.怀疑的。故选B项。
（4）A.标题判断题。根据第一段第一句Recently，environmentalists have encouraged us to buy local food.This reduces "food miles"，that is，the distance food travels to get from the producer to the seller. （最近，环保主义者鼓励我们购买当地食物。这减少了"食物里程"，即食物从生产者到销售者的距离。）第二段第一句"However，the real story is not as simple as that.If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions，we must look at the whole farming process，not just transportation. （然而，真实的故事并没有那么简单。如果我们的目标是减少碳排放，我们必须着眼于整个农业过程，而不仅仅是运输。）可知，文章主要对"减少食物里程以减少碳排放"这一观点进行了讨论，作者认为，要想减少碳排放，不仅仅是减少食物里程，而是着眼于整个农业过程，考虑多方面因素，并举例告诉我们有时当地的储存食物比进口食物产生更多的碳排放，A选项"Food miles：Is buying local food always better？（食物里程：买当地食物总是更好吗？）能够概括文章要讨论的话题。故选A项。
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要对"减少食物里程以减少碳排放"这一观点进行了讨论，作者认为，要想减少碳排放，不仅仅是减少食物里程，而是着眼于整个农业过程，考虑多方面因素。
做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

26~30.【答案】C、G、E、F、B
【解析】1-5 CGEFB
1．C．细节理解题．根据前文"The location of store displays （摆放） also influences our shopping choices商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择"．可知此处应填"它可能会形成或打破一些健康的饮食习惯"．故选C．
2．G．细节理解题．根据前文"Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks研究发现，最常见的产品有甜味和咸味小吃"．可知此处应填"一些研究表明，简单地更换更健康的食物就能改变顾客的行为"．故选G．
3．E．细节理解题．根据下文"It has been working with more than 1，000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods该公司已与1000多名店主合作，鼓励他们订购和推广营养食品"．可知此处应填"这些发现引起了纽约市卫生局的注意"．故选E．
4．F．推理判断题．根据前文"Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas， so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own studyAdjoian和她的同事想知道这些发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的收银台区域，所以他们选择了布朗克斯的三家超市作为自己的研究对象"．可知此处应填"他们把糖果和饼干换成了收银台附近的水果和坚果"．故选F．
5．B．推理判断题．根据下文"The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior该研究结果发表在9月份的《营养教育与行为》杂志上"．可知此处应填"他们购买不健康食品的频率降低了40%"．故选B．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了空着肚子去杂货店，你可能会带着一些你不打算买的东西回家．但饥饿并不是额外购买的唯一原因．商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择．
此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

31.【答案】held
【解析】hold"举办"，与party之间是动宾关系，根据时间状语last night可知，为非谓语动词，用过去分词短语作后置定语。
故填：held。
你觉得昨晚举办的聚会怎么样？
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

32.【答案】where
【解析】句意：我希望有一天我能生活在一个阳光永远明媚的国家。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a country，指地点，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导。

33.【答案】Communicating
【解析】communicate with"与……交流"，句中缺少主语，用动名词短语Communicating with your parents作主语，单词communicating在句首，首字母大写。
故填：Communicating。
与你的父母沟通可以帮助他们更好地理解你。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

34.【答案】has improved
【解析】improve"提高"，根据时间状语in the past few years可知，要用现在完成时，主语English是不可数名词，助动词用has。
故填：has improved。
由于老师的帮助，汤姆的英语在过去几年中有了很大的进步。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

35.【答案】【小题1】will be having
【小题2】略
【解析】句中then指代前文中between 10：00 and 11：30 tomorrow morning，表示将来某一时刻正在发生的动作，要用将来进行时。
故填：will be having。
明天上午10点到11点半之间不要给我打电话。那时我要开会。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

36.【答案】preparing
【解析】prepare"准备"，与Yuan Longping之间是主谓关系，为非谓语动词，用现在分词短语作状语。
故填：preparing。
袁隆平经常工作到深夜，为第二天的实验做准备。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

37.【答案】whose
【解析】句意：我计划写一篇关于卓别林先生的文章，他的电影仍然很受广大观众的欢迎。分析可知，______ films are still very popular among a large audience为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mr. Chaplin，指人，先行词在从句中作定语，与films之间为所属关系，故应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。

38.【答案】had been buried
【解析】bury"埋葬"，与old coins之间是动宾关系，by the time意为"到...为止"，表示过去的时间，主句用过去完成时，而从句用一般过去时。
故填：had been buried。
据说，这些旧硬币被发现时已被埋在地下约100年了。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

39.【答案】which
【解析】前面的句子People today watch TV more than they buy books在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指事，要用关系代词which引导从句。
故填：which。
今天的人们看电视比买书多，这就是为什么他们对视觉信息的理解要比书面信息好得多。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

40.【答案】To be admitted
【解析】admit"允许进入"，be admitted to"加入，被接纳"，要用动词不定式短语作目的状语。
故填：To be admitted。
要被英国的学院或大学录取，我们必须证明自己有很强的英语口语和写作能力。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

41.【答案】【小题1】ashamed
【小题2】swallow
【小题3】sensitive
【小题4】distraction
【小题5】wrap
【小题6】influential
【小题7】occasionally
【小题8】highlight
【小题9】feedback
【小题10】extinct
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：她对自己在聚会上的粗鲁行为深感羞愧。分析可知，此处应用形容词作表语，结合句意表示"羞愧的"应用形容词ashamed。故填ashamed。
（2）考查动词。句意：吞咽意味着让食物或饮料顺着喉咙进入胃里。根据不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意表示"吞咽"应用动词swallow。故填swallow。
（3）考查形容词。句意：她的皮肤对阳光非常敏感。所以帽子和防晒霜是非常必要的。分析可知，此处应用形容词作表语，结合句意表示"敏感的"应用形容词sensitive。故填sensitive。
（4）考查名词。句意：杰克觉得持续不断的噪音会分散他现在的注意力。根据不定冠词a可知，此处应用可数名词单数形式，结合句意表示"分散注意力"应用名词distraction。故填distraction。
（5）考查动词。句意：当你包东西的时候，你要用纸或布紧紧地包住它，把它完全盖住。分析可知，此处应用动词作谓语，结合句意表示"包"应用动词wrap，结合语境及主句fold可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语you为第二人称，谓语动词应用原形。故填wrap。
（6）考查形容词。句意：作为杂交水稻之父，袁隆平是农业领域最有影响力的科学家之一。分析可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰后文名词scientists，结合句意表示"有影响力的"应用形容词influential。故填influential。
（7）考查副词。句意：如果你说你偶尔会遇到你的朋友，你的意思是你有时会遇到对方，但不是经常遇到对方。分析可知，此处应用副词修饰动词meet，结合句意表示"偶尔"应用副词occasionally。故填occasionally。
（8）考查动词。句意：当你阅读时，用记号笔突出重点是很重要的，这样有助于你复习所学内容。根据不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意表示"突出"应用动词highlight。故填highlight。
（9）考查名词。句意：如果你得到关于你的工作或进展的反馈，这意味着有人告诉你你做得有多好或有多差，以及你可以如何改进。分析可知，此处应用名词作宾语，结合句意表示"反馈"应用不可数名词feedback。故填feedback。
（10）考查形容词。句意：如果你说一种动物或植物灭绝了，你的意思是它在世界上或某个特定的地方不再有任何活着的成员。分析可知，此处应用形容词作表语，结合句意表示"灭绝的"应用形容词extinct。故填extinct。
（1）她对自己在聚会上的粗鲁行为深感羞愧。
（2）吞咽意味着让食物或饮料顺着喉咙进入胃里。
（3）她的皮肤对阳光非常敏感。所以帽子和防晒霜是非常必要的。
（4）杰克觉得持续不断的噪音会分散他现在的注意力。
（5）当你包东西的时候，你要用纸或布紧紧地包住它，把它完全盖住。
（6）作为杂交水稻之父，袁隆平是农业领域最有影响力的科学家之一。
（7）如果你说你偶尔会遇到你的朋友，你的意思是你有时会遇到对方，但不是经常遇到对方。
（8）当你阅读时，用记号笔突出重点是很重要的，这样有助于你复习所学内容。
（9）如果你得到关于你的工作或进展的反馈，这意味着有人告诉你你做得有多好或有多差，以及你可以如何改进。
（10）如果你说一种动物或植物灭绝了，你的意思是它在世界上或某个特定的地方不再有任何活着的成员。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
   一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
    当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

42.【答案】On behalf of our class，I am writing to thank you for all your help.
【解析】1.因指的是现在的事情，要用现在进行时；2.be writing to（正写信给）一般放在首句，开门见山，点出信件的类型；3.on behalf of代表；thank sb.for sth.因某事感谢某人。
故填：On behalf of our class，I am writing to thank you for all your help.
代表我们班，我写信感谢你所有的帮助。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

43.【答案】Knowing that a lot of people appreciate what I have done，I feel really delighted.
【解析】1.因指的是现在的事情，主从句都用一般现在时；2.what I have done是宾语从句，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，用现在完成时；3.I与know之间是主谓关系，用现在分词短语作状语；4.feel是连系动词，后接形容词delighted作表语。
故填：Knowing that a lot of people appreciate what I have done，I feel really delighted.
知道有许多人欣赏我所做的事真让我开心。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

44.【答案】As soon as we arrived on the island，we were eager to explore.
【解析】1.因事情已发生，主从句都用一般过去时；2.As soon as we arrived on the island是时间状语从句，as soon as"一……就……"，引导时间状语从句；3.be eager to"热切想做，渴望要做"，后接动词原形。
故填：As soon as we arrived on the island，we were eager to explore.
我们一来到岛上就迫不及待地开始探索。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

45.【答案】In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.
【解析】1.根据时间状语In the last 20 years要用现在完成时；2.the number of"……的数目"，谓语动词用单数形式；go up上升；增长。
故填：In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.
在过去的20年里，路上汽车的数量增加了25%。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

46.【答案】It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all the other species on Earth.
【解析】1.因表示的是一般事实，主从句都用一般现在时；2.it is clear that是一个句型，意为"显然……"；3.all the other species所有其他物种；on Earth地球上。
故填：It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all the other species on Earth.
显然，人类活动已经对地球上所有其他物种产生了负面影响。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

47.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam，
   I'm Li Hua，a Senior 2 student in Hongxing Middle School. （介绍自己的基本信息）Knowing that the Capital Museum will hold the "Ancient Silk Road" exhibition in winter vacation，and now is currently recruiting English volunteer guide，I am writing to apply for this position.【高分句型一】（提出申请）
   As a 16-year-old boy who is outgoing and respectful，I believe I am qualified for the position.【高分句型二】To begin with，I have attained a high level of fluency and accuracy in oral English.I have won many prizes in English speaking contests.What's more，I attended an English summer camp last year，so I am confident with my communication skills in English.Also，as a fan of Chinese ancient history，I know almost everything about the Silk Road.I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when I introduce the ancient Silk Road to foreign guests.（说明自己的优势）
   I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.Thank you for your consideration and I am looking forward to your reply.（希望被录用）
Yours，
LiHua
【解析】高分句型一
Knowing that the Capital Museum will hold the "Ancient Silk Road" exhibition in winter vacation，and now is currently recruiting English volunteer guide，I am writing to apply for this position.
翻译：得知首都博物馆将在寒假举办"古代丝绸之路"展览，目前正在招募英语志愿者导游，我写信申请这个职位。
分析：句子里，现在分词Knowing that the Capital Museum will hold the "Ancient Silk Road" exhibition in winter vacation，and now is currently recruiting English volunteer guide作原因状语。
高分句型二
As a 16-year-old boy who is outgoing and respectful，I believe I am qualified for the position.
翻译：作为一个外向、尊重他人的16岁男孩，我相信我能胜任这个职位。
分析：句子里，关系词who引导定语从句is outgoing and respectful。
提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型，命题人通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。提纲作文的选材范围很广，内容简单易懂，且多是考生熟悉的话题。这类题型的主要特点是要点明确范围具体。但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和词汇上的单调，甚至写出结构不完整的句子。