人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration教案及反思

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration教案及反思，共30页。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking

Ⅰ.课标单词
1.单词拼写
①astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/n.宇航员;太空人
②rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/n.火箭;火箭弹
③launch /lɔːntʃ/v.发射;发起;上市
④data /ˈdeɪtə/n.资料;数据
⑤satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/n.人造卫星;卫星
⑥vehicle /ˈviːəkl/n.车辆;交通工具
⑦leap /liːp/n.跳跃;剧增;剧变;v.跳过;跃过
⑧ongoing /ˈɒnɡəʊɪŋ/adj.持续存在的;仍在进行的;不断发展的
2.根据英语释义选词填空
mankind, procedure, gravity, frontier, universe, giant, agency, orbit, desire
①orbit: a path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star,moon and so on
②mankind: all humans, thought about as one large group
③agency: a business or an organization that provides a special service on behalf of other businesses or organizations
④procedure: a way of doing sth.,especially the usual or correct way; the official or formal order in business or law
⑤gravity: the force that attracts objects in space towards each other
⑥giant: an unusually large person, animal or plant; very large or much stronger and more important
⑦universe: the whole of space and everything in it, including the earth, the planets and the stars
⑧desire: a strong wish to have or do sth.
⑨frontier: a line that separates two countries
3.词汇拓展
①mental/ˈmentl/adj.精神的;思想的 → mentally /ˈmentəli/adv.精神上;智力上;思想上
②intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的 → intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n.智力;才智;智慧
③determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/vt.查明;确定;决定→ determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
④disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/adj.失望的;沮丧的 → disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/vt.使失望
⑤independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ adj.独立的;自立的 → independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv.独立地;自立地　
⑥signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/vt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号;n.信号;标志→ sign /saɪn/ n.迹象;符号;记号;手势;指示牌
⑦succeed /səkˈsiːd/vt.& vi.成功;继承;继任→success /səkˈses/n.成功,胜利;成功的人或事物→ successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj.成功的;有成就的→ successfully/səkˈsesfəli/ adv.成功地;顺利地
Ⅱ.情境语块
1.become the first Chinese astronaut成为中国第一位宇航员
2.the selection procedure选拔的过程
3.benefit from China's space programme从中国的太空项目中获益
4.an airline pilot飞机飞行员
5.a training course/programme培训课程/计划
6.escape Earth's gravity摆脱地球引力
7.realise one's dream实现……的梦想
8.explore the universe探索宇宙
9.receive mental and physical training接受心理上和身体上的训练
10.with the development of aerospace science and technology 随着航空航天科技的发展

Ⅲ.情境佳句
1.
句型公式
be+adj.+enough+ to do sth.
教材原句
First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
尝试翻译
首先,你必须足够聪明以获得相关的大学学位。
2.
句型公式
make/let/have+宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句
These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died.
尝试翻译
这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但对宇宙探索的渴望从未消失。

3.
句型公式
not only...but also...
教材原句
Despite the difficulties,scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began,but also help us survive well into the future.
尝试翻译
尽管困难重重,科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源,而且能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。


Ⅰ.文本理解
Step 1　Reading for the main idea.
What's the main idea of each paragraph?
A.The development and achievements of modern space technology.
B.The strong determination of human beings for future space exploration.
C.An early mankind's desire to explore space.
D.Space exploration accidents happened in the past.
E.About the achievements China has made in a short time.
Para. 1:　C　 Para. 2:　A　 Para. 3:　D　  
Para. 4:　E　 Para. 5:　B　 
阅读技巧
　　在阅读时,当文章的主题句不是很明显的时候,我们就要反复、仔细地把整段文章多读几遍,抓住文章的关键词,弄清作者反复强调的意思,从而概括出文章的主旨大意和段落大意。
Step 2　Reading for the structure.
Fill in the following blanks with proper words.
Para. 1
People have always wanted to learn more about space and 1.make vehicles to carry people into space to find out the secrets of the 2.universe.
Para. 2
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt 3.travelling into space was an impossible dream. But after many experiments,scientists succeeded in making 4.rockets that could escape Earth's 5.gravity.
Paras. 3—4
In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the 6.first person to go into space.
In 1969,Neil Armstrong stepped onto the 7.moon.
In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully 8.orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.And China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it, which 9.signalled one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future.
Para. 5
Europe, the US, and China all have plans to 10.further study and explore space.

Step 3　Reading for the details.
Choose the best answer according to the passage.　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 　　
1.Which satellite was launched by the USSR in 1957?
A.Shenzhou 5.
B.Sputnik 1.
C.Voyager 1.
D.The USSR's Soyuz 11.
答案　B
2.Who was the first person in the world to go into space?
A.Yang Liwei.　　B.Neil Armstrong.
C.Yuri Gagarin.　　D.Liu Yang.
答案　C
3.Who was the first man to orbit Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft?
A.Yang Liwei.　　B.Zhai Zhigang.
C.Fei Junlong.　　D.Jing Haipeng.
答案　A
4.In which satellites all the astronauts died during their missions?
A.The USSR's Soyuz 11 and America's Challenger.
B.Chang'e 4 and Jade Rabbit.
C.Challenger and Voyager 1.
D.Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 6.
答案　A
Ⅱ.难句突破
1.[图解难句]

[自我分析]这是一个主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词rockets。
[尝试翻译]经过多次试验,他们成功地制造出了能脱离地球引力的火箭。
2.[图解难句]

[自我分析]这是一个主从复合句。句中because引导表语从句。
[尝试翻译]这是因为尽管存在巨大的风险,人们仍然相信继续太空探索的重要性。
Ⅲ.文本复述
Step 1　Question Answering
　　根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.What did we know about scientists after many experiments?
After many experiments,scientists succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. 
2.Who became the first person to go into space in 1961?
In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person to go into space. 
3.What achievements have scientists achieved in modern space technology?
In 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon. In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth.China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab, which signalled one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future. 
4.What is the future of human space exploration?
Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore space.  
Step 2　Text Retelling
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。
　　After many experiments,scientists succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity.In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person to go into space.In 1969,Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon.In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth.China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab, which signalled one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future.Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore space.  


板块一　语言知识

1.Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.(教材P38)
宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空装备,而且还要进行很多心理和身体方面的训练。
语言点1
　　mental adj.精神的;思想的
情境探究
①It is said that taking exercise is good for mental development.
据说锻炼对智力发展有好处。
②Long years of civil war in that African country affected people's physical and mental health.
在那个非洲国家,多年内战影响人们的身心健康。
③(2019天津)By delaying the development of mental and physical functioning problems, people can still be engaged in society in their senior years.
通过推迟心理和生理机能问题的发展,人们仍然可以在晚年参与社会。
归纳拓展
(1)mental development智力发展
physical and mental health身心健康
physical and mental condition身心状况
(2)physical adj.身体的;肉体的
(3)mentally adv.精神上;智力上;思想上
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①She came back from work exhausted,both physically and mentally (mental).
(2)完成句子
②教育的目的就是促进孩子们的身心健康。
The purpose of education is to promote children's physical and mental health. 
③我们应当多关注老年人的身心状况。
We should focus more on the physical and mental condition of the old. 
2.First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.(教材P39)
首先,你必须足够聪明以拿到有关(航空航天)的大学学位。
Paraphrase:Above all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
语言点2
　　first of all 首先;第一;最重要
情境探究
①From the first, they didn't trust us.
从一开始,他们就不相信我们。
②My son was very strong and didn't turn to me for help from first to last.
我的儿子很强大,自始至终未求助于我。
③My parents didn't understand what I meant at first. After knowing it, they both supported me.
我的父母最初不明白我的意思。后来知道以后,他们都支持我。
归纳拓展
from the (very)first从一开始
from first to last从头到尾;自始至终
at first起先;最初
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①First of all, you should improve your spoken English.
②At first,I didn't know the truth.
③Actually the country didn't help us from first to last.
(2)完成句子
④作为学生,最重要的是诚实。
As a student,first of all, we should be honest. 
语言点3
　　intelligent adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的
情境探究
①But they played out the closing minutes intelligently.
可是他们聪明地在最后几分钟完成了。
②We all believe that the artist is of high intelligence.
我们都相信那位艺术家具有高智商。
③(鲜活例句)With the development of modern technology, artificial intelligence has stepped into our daily life.
随着现代科技的发展,人工智能已经走进了我们的日常生活中。
归纳拓展
(1)a highly intelligent student一个非常聪明的学生
(2)intelligently adv.有智慧地;聪明地;有智力地
(3)intelligence n.智力;才智;智慧
of high intelligence高智商
artificial intelligence人工智能
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①We believe that all children are born with equal intelligence (intelligent).
②Although the task was hard, he solved it intelligently (intelligent) on his own.
③I think she is of high intelligence in science.
(2)完成句子
④苏珊是具有高智商的妇女。
Susan is a woman of high intelligence . 
3.After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. (教材P40)
经过多次试验,他们成功地制造出了能脱离地球引力的火箭。
语言点4
　　succeed vi.成功;继承;办成;做成;有成就 vt.继任;接替;随后出现
情境探究
①I'm sure that John will succeed him as chairman.
我确信约翰会接替他担任主席的。
②Who do you think will succeed to Mr. Li's company?
你认为谁会继承李先生的公司?
③The campaign against COVID-19 in China is a great success, which is highly praised by other countries in the world.
中国抗击新冠肺炎的战役是一个巨大的成功,获得了世界上其他国家的高度赞扬。
归纳拓展
(1)succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事
succeed sb. as...接替某人担任……
succeed to sth.继承(王位、公司等)
(2)success n.成功;成功的人或事
(3)successful adj.成功的
(4)successfully adv.成功地
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①He succeeded in passing (pass) the entrance examination and was admitted to Peking University.
②As a matter of fact, his father is a successful(succeed)doctor.
(2)完成句子
③我从来没有想到这么小的孩子能成功地解决这道难题。
I never thought such a little child could succeed in dealing with such a difficult problem. 
4.However,some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.(教材P40)
然而,一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。
语言点5
　　determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
情境探究
①Our football team were determined to win the game.
我们足球队的所有队员决心要赢得这场比赛。
②There is a determined look on her face.
她脸上的表情很坚定。
③I have determined on getting up early in order to catch the early bus.
我已经决定早起以便赶早班车。
④(2019天津)We are determined that our training should keep pace with the current development in education.
我们下定决心,我们的培训应该跟上当下教育的发展。
归纳拓展
(1)be determined to do sth.决心做某事
be determined that...决心……
(2)determine vt.查明;确定;决定
determine to do sth.决定/决心做某事
determine on(doing)sth. 决定(做)某事
(3)determination n.决心;决定
with determination坚决地
头脑风暴
　　你思考一下,“决心/决定做某事”还有哪些表达?
答案:decide to do sth.; make up one's mind to do sth.
词汇助记
　　He made up his mind to study abroad, so he was buried in books, and determined to improve his English.Finally, his efforts paid off. So if you determine/are determined to do something, be a determined person and go ahead.
他决定去国外学习,所以他就埋头看书,决心提高英语水平。最后,他的努力得到了回报。因此如果你决心做某件事,那么就成为一个坚定的人并前行吧。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①I have determined ongoing to the countryside after graduating from college.
②He is determined(determine)to take good care of his parents from now on.
③The determined(determine)expression on her face suggested that she wouldn't change her mind.
④Helen was a strong girl and she finally achieved her dream with great determination(determine).
(2)完成句子
⑤He is determined to make good use of(下定决心好好利用)this chance to learn more about Chinese culture. 
5....and on 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.(教材P40)
在1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
语言点6
　　the first+n./pron.+to do sth. 第一个做……的……
情境探究
①The girl is the best person to finish the whole work.
那个女孩是完成整个工作最好的人。
②He is always the last to leave the classroom.
他总是最后一个离开教室。
③(2018浙江)Friedman points out that the green economy is a chance to keep American strength.
弗里德曼指出,绿色经济是保持美国实力的一个机会。
归纳拓展
(1)中心词为序数词或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)不定式作后置定语的其他情况:
①中心词被the only,the very等修饰时。
②抽象名词ability,chance, attempt, promise,reason,time, way等后常用不定式作后置定语。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①She was the first person to think (think) of the idea. 
②I think he is the very person to be (be)equal to the position. 
(2)完成句子
③威廉是最不可能说谎的人。
William is the last person to tell a lie. 
6.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died.(教材P41)
这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但对宇宙探索的渴望从未消失。
语言点7
　　disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的
情境探究
①The fans were disappointed in/with the film star when they learned some negative news about him on the website.
当粉丝们在网站上得知了一些关于那位电影明星的负面新闻之后,他们对他特别失望。
②The teacher is disappointed at/about Tony's attitude towards study.
老师对托尼的学习态度感到失望。
③(鲜活例句)I am disappointed to find that she didn't tell the truth to our government.
我很失望地发现她并没有向政府说实话。
归纳拓展
(1)be disappointed in/with sb./sth.对某人/某事失望
be disappointed at/about sth.对某事失望
be disappointed to do sth.对做某事感到失望
(2)disappoint vt.使……失望
(3)disappointing adj.令人失望的
(4)disappointment n.失望
to one's disappointment令某人失望的是
词汇助记
　　The disappointing news that he failed the exam made him very disappointed.
他没有通过考试,这令人沮丧的消息让他感到非常失望。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①Although I was disappointed(disappoint)I couldn't keep the toys,I was somewhat proud to take them back.
②We were greatly disappointed to know(know)that she was absent.  
③The fans looked quite disappointedwhen they heard the disappointing result.(disappoint)
(2)完成句子
④使我感到失望的是,他的行为引起了我们之间的一些误会。
To my disappointment,his behaviour caused some misunderstanding between us. 
语言点8
　　desire n.渴望;欲望;vt.渴望;期望
情境探究
①I had a desire to win the game.
我渴望赢那场比赛。
②Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire for online learning.
我们的学生来自不同的背景,但都渴望网上学习。
③We always desire to live in peace with our neighbors.
我们一直期望同邻居和平相处。
归纳拓展
(1)have a desire to do有做……的渴望
have a desire for有……的渴望
(2)desire to do...渴望做……
desire that...希望……
误区警示
　　(1)desire that+主语+(should+)动词原形,意为“希望……”(desire 后的从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should 可以省略)。
(2)后跟名词性从句,从句谓语用“(should+) 动词原形”的动词:
一个“坚持”(insist);
两道“命令”(order,command);
四条“建议”(suggest,propose,advise, recommend);
五点“要求”(demand,desire,request, require,urge)
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①He desires to join(join)the army and devote himself to the country.  
②Several people have expressed a desireto see(see)the report.  
③Fashion is a competitive and hard business where people's desire for new ideas is hard to satisfy.
(2)完成句子
④在昨天的会议上,经理要求那个项目应当按时完成。
At yesterday's meeting,the manager desired that the project be finished on time. 
7.This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. (教材P41)
这是因为尽管存在巨大的风险,人们仍然相信继续太空探索的重要性。
语言点9
　　carry on 继续做;坚持干
情境探究
①After the meal, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion.
吃完饭后,经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。
②He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.
当他去执行秘密任务时,他给自己起了一个新名字以掩盖他自己的身份。
③He asked us to assist him in carrying through his plan.
他请求我们帮他顺利实现他的计划。
归纳拓展
(1)carry on sth.继续……;坚持……
carry on with sth.继续做某事
carry on doing sth.继续做某事
(2)carry out进行;贯彻;执行;实施
(3)carry through顺利实现;成功完成
(4)carry off赢得;成功地对付
学以致用
(1)用carry 相关短语的适当形式填空
①Although faced with so many difficulties,they still carry on with their research.  
②The support of her mother carried Jane Goodall through and she devoted herself to the study of chimps.
(2)完成句子
③史密斯教授不在的时候,这个队不得不继续进行下去。
The team will have to carry on without Professor Smith. 
语言点10
　　This/That is because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句)
情境探究
①The actual problem is how we can get the things we need.
真正的问题是我们怎样才能得到我们所需要的东西。
②He looks as if/though he's tired. So I ask him to have a rest.
他看起来好像累了。于是我让他休息一下。
③Their advantage is that they catch fish efficiently.
它们的优点是捕鱼效率高。
归纳拓展
(1)表语从句的引导词有:why, how, whether,where,what,when, because,as if/though等。
(2)that引导表语从句时,只起连接作用,不充当任何成分,也没有具体意义,但一般不能省略。
温馨提示
(1)who, what, which, whom, when, where, why, how等引导表语从句时,在句中不仅起连接作用,还可以在从句中作成分,有实际意义。
(2)that, whether引导表语从句时只起连接作用,不作成分。whether意为“是否”,不能换成if。
(3)主语是reason时,其后的表语从句不能用because和why引导,要用that引导。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①He fell asleep during the lecture. This was because he got bored with it.
②The reason why Henry missed the bus was that he got up late.
③Alice was too careless. That was why she failed in the examination.
(2)完成句子
④那正是坐在办公室的两个男人所说的话。
That is exactly what the two men sitting in the office are saying. 
8.It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space.(教材P41)
它环绕地球运行,上面有来自不同国家的宇航员,显示了人类在太空中的持续存在。
语言点11
　　on board 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
情境探究
①They were looking for someone on board who knew sign language.
他们正在寻找在飞机上懂手语的人。
②Our government is always taking people's safety on board.
我们的政府始终考虑人民的安全。
归纳拓展
(1)on board是介词短语,在句中可作表语或定语
the Board of Education教育委员会
(2)take sth. on board接受,采纳(建议、想法等);充分考虑
易混辨析
board/broad/abroad
board
n.板子;布告牌;黑板
v.登上(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
broad
adj.宽的;广阔的
abroad
adv.在国外;到国外
at abroad在国外　go abroad 去国外

学以致用
(1)选词填空(board/broad/abroad)
①Many schools there have started using white boards and projectors in class.
②With many Chinese now traveling abroad for the Spring Festival,their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
③How did the soldier cross the broad river last night?
(2)完成句子
④有些船上甚至有土壤,海员可以种植庄稼提供食物。
Some of the ships even had earth on board so that the sailors could grow their own crops for food.  
9.China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. (教材P41)
2003年,杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功环绕地球飞行,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。
语言点12
　　independently adv.独立地;自立地
情境探究
①My son has worked independently since last year.
我的儿子从去年就已经独立工作了。
②As a member of your class, you should not be independent of it.
作为班级的一员,你不应该独立于班级之外。
③The country gained independence from the UK in 1960.
那个国家在1960年脱离英国获得独立。
归纳拓展
(1)work independently独立工作
(2)independent adj.独立的;自主的
be independent of/from不依赖……;独立于……之外
become independent变得独立
(3)independence n.独立
gain independence from脱离……获得独立
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①Not only my spoken English,but also my ability to live independently(independent)has been improved a lot.
②A study program abroad can teach students independence (independent)and important life skills.
③Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried living alone,but she didn't like it and moved back home.
(2)完成句子
④在二十世纪很多国家独立于帝国。
Many countries were/became independent from the empire in the 20th century.  
10.This signalled one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future. (教材P41)
这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。
语言点13
　　signal vt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号;n.信号;标志
情境探究
①The police seem to be signalling to us with their arms.
警察似乎正在用胳膊示意我们。
②The policeman spotted that I didn't fasten my seat belt and signalled me to stop.
警察发现我没系安全带,示意我停下。
归纳拓展
(1)signal to sb.示意某人;向某人发信号
signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事
(2)a danger signal危险信号
a warning signal警告信号
send out a signal发出信号
易混辨析
signal/sign/symbol/mark
signal
n.信号;暗号
sign
n.迹象;征兆;标牌
symbol
n.象征;标志
mark
n.标记;记号

In Chinese culture,red is the symbol of luck and happiness.
在中国文化中,红色是幸运和幸福的象征。
You can make a mark where you can't understand.
你可以在不明白的地方做个记号。
Chest pains can be a warning signal of heart problems.
胸部疼痛可能是心脏病的一种警示信号。
He walked up and down,a sure sign of becoming impatient.
他来回走动,很明显他变得不耐烦了。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①The far side of the moon is a rare quiet place that is free from interference from radio signals(signal)from Earth.
②In our class,when the bell rang,it was a signal for everyone to stand up.
③The judge signalled to a police officer that the man was led away.
(2)完成句子
④在大街拐角处,一名警察正在示意小学生先走。
At the corner of the street, a policeman is signalling the pupils to go first. 
11.Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe.(教材P41)
人类正在探索太空,希望了解更多关于宇宙的奥秘。
语言点14
　　in the hope of 抱着……的希望
情境探究
①Many young persons went abroad in the hope of finding a good chance to improve themselves.
很多年轻人是抱着找一个好的机会去提升自己的希望去国外的。
②She made remarks on the matter in the hope that she would be paid more attention by others.
她对那件事做了评论,是希望别人更多地关注她。
归纳拓展
(1)in the hope of希望……,of 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语
(2)in the hope that/in hopes that...希望…… ,that 引导同位语从句,进一步说明hope/hopes 的具体内容
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①She attended the match in the hope of being focused.
②The little boy finished his homework quickly in the hope that he could watch cartoons earlier.
(2)完成句子
③我写信给你是希望你借钱给我,因为我的钱就要用光了。
I am writing to you in the hope that you can lend me some money because mine is running out. 

12.Despite the huge risks though, people will always continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets. (教材P41)
尽管有巨大的风险,人们还是继续探索最后的边界,以便了解它的奥秘。
Paraphrase:Despite the huge risks though, people will always continue to explore this final frontier in order to learn its secrets.
语言点15
　　so as to (do sth.) 为了;以便
情境探究
①He worked extra hours so as to finish the task ahead of time.
他额外工作是为了提前完成任务。
②In order to find the missing child,the villagers have been doing all they could over the past five hours.
为了找到丢失的孩子,村民们在过去的五个小时里都在极力寻找。
③We must wear masks so as not to be infected by others.
我们必须戴口罩是为了不被别人感染。
归纳拓展
(1)so as to为了;以便
(2)so as to一般不放在句首,否定形式是so as not to
(3)in order to可以放在句首或句中,否定形式是in order not to
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①We have to set out early in the morning so as to get (get)to the company on time. 
②In order to get(get) a complete picture, further information is needed. 
(2)句型转换
③Robert got up early this morning so that he could catch the first bus.
→Robert got up early this morning so as to/in order to catch the first bus.  

板块二　课文对译


用适当的词句补全课文
SPACE:THE FINAL FRONTIER
“Are we alone? What's out there?” Looking up at the stars,people have always wanted to learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe①. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life②. 
[文本解读]首先以提问题的形式开头,吸引读者尽快阅读下文,一探究竟。
Before the mid-20th century,most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream. However,some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. After many experiments,they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. On 4 October 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards,the USSR focused on sending people into space,and on 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. Over eight years later,on 20 July 1969,American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon,famously saying,“That's one small step for [a]man,one giant③ leap for mankind.” Following this,many more goals were achieved. For example,America's NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space,and it still transmits data today.
[文本解读](1)本段以时间为线索,这有助于学生将碎片化的信息结构化、清晰化,使文章的内容更有张力。
(2)本段还通过举例说明了美国和苏联在太空探索领域取得了举世瞩目的成就。
Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong,accidents can still happen. All the astronauts on the USSR's Soyuz 11 and America's Challenger died during their missions.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed④,but the desire to explore the universe never died. This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks⑤. An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station. It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board,providing a continuous human presence in space. 
[文本解读](1)本段主要说明了尽管遇到了一些挫折和灾难,通往太空之路也充满艰险,但人类探索太空的决心不曾改变。
(2)本段中“These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed ”含有“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
China's space programme started later than those of Russia and the US,but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk,followed by⑥ the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. After that,China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it. This signalled⑦ one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future. More recently,China has sent Chang'e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. 
[文本解读](1)本段说明中国的太空探索计划虽然起步较晚,但是发展迅速,成就显著。
(2)本段运用了举例子和列数字等科普文的写作手法。
The future of space exploration⑧ remains bright. Europe,the US,and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties,scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began,but also help us survive well into the future.


太空:最后的边境
“我们是孤家寡人吗?地球外面有什么?”仰望星空,人们总是想更多地了解太空,科学家们在努力寻找答案。他们制造运载工具,把勇敢的人送到太空去发现宇宙①的秘密。他们也非常希望发现其他足够维持生命存在的②行星。
20世纪中叶以前,大多数人认为进入太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。然而,一些科学家下定决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次试验,他们成功地制造出了能脱离地球引力的火箭。1957年10月4日,苏联发射了“旅伴一号”卫星,并成功绕地球飞行。后来,苏联专注于把人送入太空,在1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。八年后,在1969年7月20日,美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球,其名言是:“这对一个人来说是一小步,对人类来说却是一大③步。”在此之后,又实现了更多目标。例如,美国国家航空航天局于1977年9月5日发射了“旅行者一号”以研究外太空,至今它仍在传输数据。
尽管科学家们试图确保一切正常,但事故仍时有发生。苏联的“联盟11号”和美国“挑战者号”上的所有宇航员,都在执行任务期间遇难。这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望④,但对宇宙探索的渴望从未消失。这是因为尽管存在巨大的风险,人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性⑤。国际空间站(的建立)就是航天事业持续发展的一个例子。它环绕地球运行,上面有来自不同国家的宇航员,使得人类能够持续在太空中开展工作。

中国的太空项目起步比俄罗斯和美国晚,但在短时间内取得了巨大的进展。2003年,杨利伟乘坐“神舟五号”飞船成功环绕地球飞行,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后,“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。随后⑥“玉兔号”月球车被送上月球,以研究其表面。在那之后, 中国发射“天宫二号”空间实验室进入太空,再发射“天舟一号”与之对接。这标志⑦着中国未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈出了一步。最近,中国发射了“嫦娥四号”,对月球背面进行测量和观察。
太空探索⑧的未来仍然是光明的。欧洲、美国和中国都已制订计划,进一步研究与探索火星和木星等行星。尽管困难重重,科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源,而且能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。


Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Kate is a very bright and intelligent (有智慧的)woman who can always find good ways to settle the difficult problems.
2.Jordan's super skills were impressive but the mental(精神的)strength that he showed made him unique.
3.After graduating from senior high school, he had the fortune to realize his dream of becoming an astronaut (宇航员).
4.As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the gravity(地球引力).
5.We set out to determine (查明) exactly what happened that night, and which brought about his mental disorder.
6.Going away to college has made me more independent(独立的)and intelligent.
7.However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe (宇宙) began with a “Big Bang”.
8.But many people fighting against climate change were disappointed(失望的)because they failed to hold down temperatures.
9.The athlete practiced very hard out of her strong desire (欲望)to earn glory for her country.
10.It signalled(预示着) the close-down of the theater.
Ⅱ.语境选词
first of all, make sure, succeed in, on board, carry on, in the hope of, be independent of, be disappointed at, be curious about, be related to
1.I come here in the hope of knowing more about the accident from you. 
2.They were curious about the immigrant who lived upstairs alone and wanted to pay a visit to him. 
3.She looked around to make sure that she was alone and then entered the nearby bar. 
4.A high percentage of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse, so the police are taking measures to fight against drugs. 
5.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on your super work? 
6.First of all, pay more attention to your health. 
7.Have the passengers been on board yet? The plane to Mexico is about to take off. 
8.We were disappointed at the news that he failed in the election of astronauts. 
9.It was important for me to be independent of my parents financially(经济上) and mentally. 
10.She was lucky and succeeded in entering a college to accept further study. 
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.尽管科学家们努力确保事情不出意外,但事故仍会发生。(try to do sth.)
Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong,accidents can still happen. 
2.最近,中国发射了嫦娥四号,以探测月球背面,进行测量和观测。(动词不定式作状语)
More recently,China has sent Chang'e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. 
3.他们也非常希望发现其他足够维持生命存在的行星。(定语从句)
They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. 
4.然而,一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。(be determined to do sth.)
However,some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. 
5.它环绕地球运行,上面有来自不同国家的宇航员,显示了人类在太空中的持续存在。(现在分词作状语)
It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board,providing a continuous human presence in space. 

——————————————课时达标训练—————————————


Ⅰ.单句填空
1.With the help of his uncle, he succeeded(succeed) in getting the job at last.
2.I am determined(determine)to finish my Bachelor's degree.
3.My parents will be disappointed (disappoint) with me if I fail in the exam.
4.My desire(desire) for knowledge prompted me to buy the encyclopedia(百科全书).
5.The independent (independence) candidate is especially critical of the policy.
6.They come to camp, wanting to know what is like to be an astronaut (astronaut)
7.China's first cargo spacecraft Tianzhou 1 was launched (launch) into space on April 20, 2017.
8.Communication satellites (satellite) permit the exchange of live television programs between nations and continents.
9.(2019天津七校联考)I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News Agency (agency)last year.
10.According to experts, Jupiter, which orbits (orbit) the sun, is the largest planet in the solar system.
Ⅱ.同义替换
carry on, intelligent,so as to, above all,signal,be determined to, desire,independently
1.He always does many things on his own although he is only 15 years old.independently 
2.It was midnight but they still went on their work because they wanted to finish it as soon as possible.carried on 
3.First of all,we must decide when we will go to Hangzhou.Above all 
4.The young man is very smart and always does his job very well.intelligent
5.They got up very early in order to catch the first bus to a remote village.so as to 
6.When he was five years old,he made up his mind to become an astronaut. was determined to 
7.She has the plan to go to Hainan by herself.desire
8.At that time the police reminded us to be careful with the truck.signaled
Ⅲ.教材原句翻译
1.仰望星空,人们总是想更多地了解太空,科学家们在努力寻找答案。(分词短语作状语)
Looking up at the stars,people have always wanted to learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answers. 
2.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但对宇宙探索的渴望从未消失。(动词不定式作后置定语)
These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. 
3.这是因为尽管存在巨大的风险,人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。(This is because...)
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 
4.太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。(remain)
The future of space exploration remains bright. 
5.尽管困难重重,科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的,而且能帮助我们很好地生存到未来。(not only...but also...)
Despite the difficulties,scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began,but also help us survive well into the future. 




Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020广东普宁高一期中)
At first, the earth's surface layer (层) was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks. Then slowly, the rocks broke up into smaller and smaller pieces. Finally stones, pebbles (卵石) and grains of sand were formed. Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth. Their remains mixed with stones and pebbles formed soil. The outmost layer of the earth is soil.
There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break into smaller ones. Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. That leaves holes and cracks in the rock,which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.
The moving water of streams and rivers also helps to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with small pieces of rock. These rub the larger ones. Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.
The heat of the sun is also helpful to breaking up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot. If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, the cracks become bigger and wider, and finally break into smaller pieces.
1.According to the passage,soil　　　. 
A.forms very slowly
B.is a mixture of stones, pebbles and sand
C.makes up the layers of the earth
D.is becoming smaller and smaller
2.How many factors are mentioned in helping break up rocks?
A.Three.　　B.Four.
C.Five.　　D.More than five.
3.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.The remains of many plants and animals formed soil.
B.If a large rock never moves, it will never break up.
C.The changes in temperature will help to break up rocks.
D.Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks.
4.The best title for this passage should be　　　. 
A.Soil from Rocks
B.Ways to Break up Rocks
C.Soil on the Earth
D.Soil, Outmost Layer of the Earth
答案　
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了岩石破裂的四种方法。
1.A　推理判断题。第一段中提到岩石慢慢地破裂,成为小的石头,其后动植物遗体跟石头、卵石混合在一起,形成了土壤,可推知土壤的形成非常慢,故选A。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wind, water, heat and cold”以及文章内容可知,促进岩石破裂主要有四种方法,故选B。
3.B　细节理解题。根据文中的四种岩石破裂的方法可知,即使岩石不动,它也会碎,故选B。
4.B　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了岩石破裂的方法,因此标题与岩石碎裂有关,故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2019安徽师大附属中学期中)
Building the thinking habit is important because it helps you live with a purpose. How can we build the thinking habit? Here are some tips.
Be curious
Curiosity is powerful.　 1　 It also helps you recognize the ideas when they come. Curiosity is an important attitude to building the thinking habit. 
Read widely
If you want to come up with good ideas, you need to feed your mind with good ideas.
　2　This will give you fresh, new ideas. Don't just read in the fields you are familiar with. Read in other fields as well. 

　　Read actively
Not only should you read widely, but you should also read actively. Find some ideas and think about how you can use them. My favorite way to do this is highlight the book I read. I will then put the actionable ideas in my idea journal. 　3　 
Keep an idea journal
When you find a good idea, don't just keep it in your mind. Instead, write it down to catch the idea.　4　 Keeping an idea journal makes you more alert to new ideas. You will quickly recognize them because you already have the habit of catching ideas. 
　5　 
Of course, it doesn't do you much good if you just write down ideas. Take time to read these ideas every now and then. In my case, I mark the ideas that I consider important and review them regularly. This often opens the way to new ideas.
A.Design your own ideas
B.Go over your ideas
C.In this way, others also benefit from your ideas.
D.One way to do that is to read.
E.Otherwise, the idea might be gone forever.
F.It makes you like finding new ideas.
G.This helps me get the most out of the book.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 
答案　
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了建立思考习惯的几种方法,包括保持好奇心、广泛阅读、积极阅读等。
1.F　根据上文 “Curiosity is powerful.”和下文 “It also helps you recognize the ideas when they come.”可知,这里在讲保持好奇心的好处,F项“它能使你喜欢寻找新的想法”符合语境,故选F。
2.D　根据小标题 “Read widely”和后文 “Don't just read in the fields you are familiar with. Read in other fields as well.”可知,这里讲的是如何提出好主意,D项“那样做的一个方法是阅读”符合语境,故选D。
3.G　本段讲的内容与积极地阅读有关,且提到“highlight the book”。再通过语境可知,G项“这帮助我从这本书中得到最大的收获” 符合语境。
4.E　根据小标题“Keep an idea journal”及空前的“When you find a good idea, don't just keep it in your mind. Instead, write it down to catch the idea.”可知,idea是本段的中心词,E项“否则这个主意就可能永远地消失了”符合语境,故选E。
5.B　本段讲的是记下这些想法之后要经常回顾,所以B项“回顾你的想法”符合语境,故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　I was seated beside a rather　1　 man in a long coat and a hat. He had his face covered by a newspaper. A young shy passenger　2　 him and asked for an autograph(亲笔签名). He provided it 　3　 and then continued getting his face beneath the newspaper. This lasted for minutes and then he put the　4　down. I turned to look and　5　 that the gentleman was Donald Sutherland, a famous Canadian　6　.  
Seeing him,I decided to make a　7　 about him.Then I said, “　8　 you're trying to be unknown, you should have done a rather poor job.” No answer,I had to 　9　 to look out of the window, thinking,“Well, this is going to be a long and boring flight.” When I heard him clear his throat,I turned back and saw his eyes fixed on mine.  
“Were you　10　 that I was a bad actor?”he said with a smile.“No...no...”I stammered (结结巴巴地说).“I'm going to　11　the great doctor Norman Bethune in Montreal this time. Well, just now I was 　12　 how to act the role out and trying to practice his words.” Then he laughed. 
In fact, Sutherland is a very　13　 and talkative man. Although we didn't 　14　 life-long friends, we did have a fairly pleasant three-hour 　15　 on the plane. 
1.A.reliable　　B.responsible
C.fashionable　　D.knowledgeable
2.A.sent for　　B.searched for
C.got close to　　D.kept up with
3.A.quickly　　B.finally　　C.seriously　　D.nervously
4.A.hat 　　B.coat 　　C.glasses 　　D.newspaper
5.A.admitted　　B.guessed　　C.realized　　D.announced
6.A.poet 　　B.actor 　　C.painter 　　D.director
7.A.joke 　　B.plan 　　C.wish 　　D.decision
8.A.If 　　B.Once 　　C.After 　　D.Although
9.A.give in　　B.calm down
C.turn around　　D.look around
10.A.predicting　　B.suggesting
C.imagining　　D.explaining
11.A.visit 　　B.play 　　C.thank 　　D.record
12.A.showing　　B.discussing
C.teaching　　D.considering
13.A.friendly　　B.outstanding
C.considerate　　D.independent
14.A.meet 　　B.mention 　　C.welcome 　　D.become
15.A.game 　　B.rest 　　C.chat 　　D.interview
答案　
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己曾经在飞机上偶遇著名的加拿大电影明星并与之愉快交谈的故事。
1.C　根据“in a long coat and a hat”以及后文提到他是演员的语境可知,这个人应该很时尚(fashionable),故选C。
2.C　根据“asked for an autograph”可知,一位害羞的年轻乘客走近(got close to)他,找他签名,故选C。
3.A　根据“continued getting his face beneath the newspaper”及后文内容可知,他要忙自己的事,所以很快地(quickly)签了名,故选A。
4.D　根据语境可知,他之前拿着报纸,现在应该是把报纸(newspaper)放下了,故选D。
5.C　根据“the gentleman was Donald Sutherland”可知,作者朝那人一看,意识到(realized)他就是唐纳德·萨瑟兰,故选C。
6.B　根据后文的“...I am a bad actor?”及后文他说自己要扮演白求恩可知,他是一个著名的演员(actor),故选B。
7.A　根据后文作者所说的话可知,作者是想跟他开个玩笑(joke),故选A。
8.A　此处的话并不是真的,再根据语境,故选A。
9.C　根据前文的“No answer”及后文的 “to look out of the window”可知,没有回话,作者只好转过身去(turn around)看着窗外,故选C。
10.B　根据语境可知,此处指“你是在暗示(suggesting)我是一个差劲的演员吗?”,故选B。
11.B　根据后文的“how to act the role out and trying to practice his words”可知,此处指扮演(play)白求恩这个角色,故选B。
12.D　根据语境可知,此处指考虑(considering)如何演好这个角色,故选D。
13.A　根据前文内容可知,一开始作者尝试与那位演员交流却碰了壁,作者应该会觉得那位演员不好相处,但现在作者发现他其实很友好(friendly),故选A。
14.D　根据语境可知,尽管作者与那位演员没有成为(become)长期的朋友,但他们的确有三个小时的愉快的交谈,故选D。
15.C　根据语境可知,尽管作者与那位演员没有成为长期的朋友,但他们的确有三个小时的愉快的交谈(chat),故选C。