外研版英语九上 Module 12 知识点总结

Module 12 Save our world

一、重点短语

1. be a danger to 对……有危险/伤害

2. spread over cities and villages 遍及城市和乡村

3. divide …into… 把…分成…

4. clean up 打扫，清理

5. collect waste 收集废品

6. nice / good idea 好主意

7. save energy 节约能源

8. cause pollution 引发污染

9. turn off the lights 关灯

10. ask for sb. 找某人，求见某人

11. ask for sth. 要某物

12. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物

13. throw away 扔掉

14. be harmful to sb. /sth. = do harm to sb. /sth. 对某人/某物有害

15. do harm for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事有害

16. change...into = turn into把......变成......

17. tons of 大量的，许多的

18. make a change 作出改变

19. hope for sth. 期待/盼望某事

20. take steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事

21. make a policy for 为……制政策

22. try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事

23. protect the environment 保护环境 

二、固定结构

so many + 可数名词复数  这么多的……

so much + 不可数名词   这么多的……

What …do with…? / How … deal with…? 怎样处理…？

It’s no use doing sth. 做某事是没有用的

if possible = if it is possible 如果可能

such a short time 这么短的时间 

It’s no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的

三．重点句型：

1. It's wasteful to throw away glass, paper and metal. 扔掉玻璃，纸张和金属是很浪费（行为）。

2. And raises money to help students in poor areas. 并且钱帮助贫困地区的学生。

3. We can protect the air and the oceans, and help save our world. 我们就可以保护空气和海洋,帮助拯救我们的世界。

4. If we don't, the future is hopeless.如果我们不这样做，未来就没有希望了。

5. How green are you? 你环保意识怎样？

6. Do you care about protecting the environment and saving energy? 你关心环保和节能吗？

7. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment.

事实上，即使是最简单的日常小事也能对环境产生很大影响。

四．语法要点：

构词法：

1.前缀法

a.表示否定意义的前缀

un- unfair  unhappy,  unfinished,  undress

dis- disagree ,  disbelieve  dislike

in- , il-(在字母l前)，im- (在字母m,b,p前)，ir- (在字母r前) ： inaccurate，  illegible， impolite imbalance， irregular

mis- mistake  misbehave  mislead

b.表示其他意义的前缀

en- “使……”encourage  enrich  enlarge

inter- “相互” international  intercontinental

re- “再，又，重” recycle  rethink  retell 

tele- “远程的” telephone  telescope  telegraph

auto- “自动的”automobile  automatic

micro- “极小的，微小的” microcomputer,  microwave

self- “自己，本身” self-centered ,  self-confident , self-control

under- “在……下面，……下的，不足的” underground, underline, underestimate

2. 后缀法

a . 名词后缀

-er / or “表人或用具” farmer, baker, visitor, professor, cooker, container

-ese “某国(人)的”Chinese, Japanese

-ian “某国、某地人;精通……的人”musician, Asian, Russian, technician

-ist “某种主义或职业者”physicist, scientist, communist，socialist

-ess “表女性，雌性”hostess, actress, princess

-ment “行为或其状态”government, movement, achievement

-ness “性质，状态”illness, sadness, carelessness

-tion “动作，过程，结果”invention, organization, translation

-ance/ ence “抽象;行为、性质、状态”importance, appearance, absence, existence

-th “性质、情况” depth, warmth, truth

-ful “(满的)量”handful, spoonful, mouthful

-(a)bility “抽象、性质、状态”possibility, disability, reliability

-al “过程、状态”survival, arrival, approval

-y “性质、情况”modesty, delivery, honesty

-dom “处于……状态;性质”freedom, boredom

-age “状态，行为，身份及其结果”courage, storage, marriage

b. 动词后缀

-fy / ify “使得;变得” simplify, beautify, purify

-en “使成为;变得” shorten, deepen, sadden

-ize “使成为” apologize, realize, specialize

c. 形容词后缀

-able “可……的，具有……的”acceptable,  drinkable,  knowledgeable , reasonable

-al “与……有关的”physical, magical, political

-an “属于某地方的人”American African

-ern “方向”southern, northern, eastern

-ful/ less “(没)有……的”helpful, useful, homeless, hopeless

-ish “如……的;有……特征的”foolish childish selfish

-ive “有……倾向的”active attractive expensive

-en “由……制成的”golden wooden woolen

-ous “有(性质)的”famous, dangerous, poisonous

-ly “有……性质的”friendly yearly daily

-y “构成形容词”noisy dusty cloudy

d. 副词后缀

-ly “方式，程度” freely, truly, angrily

-ward(s) “向……” towards, forward, upwards

e. 数词后缀

-teen “十几” fifteen, eighteen, thirteen

-ty “整十位数” forty, fifty, sixty

-th “序数词” fifteenth, twentieth

3.合成法：由两个或者两个以上的词合成一个新词。

复合名词：fisherman :渔夫，classroom

复合代词：something, everyone

复合数词: fifty-five, sixty-one

复合动词: overcome

复合形容词:blackboard

复合副词:upstairs