2021-2022学年河南省安阳市高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年河南省安阳市高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2021—2022学年（下）高一年级英语期末考试
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How does the woman like to go to work?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bike.
2. Which part of the man's body hurts the worst?
A. His hands. B. His back. C. His knee.
3. How many cups of lemonade does the man want?
A. One. B. Three. C. Five.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A In a restaurant. B. In a supermarket. C. In a hospital.
5. What does the woman think of Andrew's painting now?
A. She likes its old style.
B. She likes it a lot now.
C. She appreciates its colours.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Parent and child.
C. Teacher and student.
7. Which month is it now?
A. February. B. May. C. June.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What instrument are the speakers listening to?
A. Violin. B. Erhu. C. Piano.
9. How old is the performer?
A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A book. B. A movie. C. A news story.
11. When did Amanda start going through the forest?
A. Four days ago. B. Two days ago. C. Yesterday.
12. What happened to Amanda?
A. She got lost. B. She ran away. C. She got hurt.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers probably?
A. At home. B. At a store. C. At a travel company.
14. What do we know about the woman's last gift?
A. She returned it. B. It wasn't used. C. Her father liked it a lot.
15. Who gave a camera as a Father's Day gift?
A. The woman. B. The man speaker. C. The woman's brother.
16. What is the woman's father interested in?
A. Travelling. B. Technology. C. Clothes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the main subject of the study?
A. Sitting for too long.
B. Watching TV or videos.
C. Dealing with health problems.
18. When was the study finished?
A. In 2001. B. In 2016. C. In 2017.
19. Which group has the highest number of TV watchers?
A. Children under 12. B. Teenagers. C. The elderly.
20. How does the speaker sound?
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Excited.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Following detailed discussions with all parties concerned, the OCA Executive Board announced that it has decided to put off the 19th Asian Games, which was scheduled to be held in Hangzhou from 10 to 25, September 2022. There are 40 sports including swimming, archery, athletics, badminton, baseball and softball, basketball, boxing, etc. During the competition days, athletes will compete for 482 gold medals. The first event on the schedule is men’s football.
The mascots (吉祥物) of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 are a group of robots. The three animated characters Congcong, Lianlian and Chenchen have become increasingly popular. They can be seen everywhere in Hangzhou. The mascots’ designs were inspired by Hangzhou’s three World Heritage sites, namely the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu Culture, the West Lake, and the Grand Canal.
The Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee has worked with Alipay to encourage the public to donate (捐献) one kilogram of “energy” they collected in a game known as “Ant Forest”. Through “Ant Forest” people exchange their actual daily footsteps for virtual energy, which can be used to plant real trees in China.
In order to promote “Zero-waste Asian Games”, Hangzhou is building zero-waste hotels for the Asian Cames. For example, Hangzhou International Expo Centre Hotel has built a set of drinkable water system to replace the bottled water supply in guest rooms. Based on the standard of two bottles of water for each room, the drinkable water system can save more than 500 bottles of mineral water per day and thus reduce a great number of plastic bottles in a year.
1. What can we learn about the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022?
A. There are three mascots designed for it.
B. It will last more than 18 days.
C. Swimming events will take place first.
D. More than 500 gold medals will be offered.
2. Why has the organizing committee worked with Alipay?
A. To raise some money.
B. To collect some energy.
C. To protect the environment.
D. To improve the local economy.
3. How will Hangzhou International Expo Centre Hotel reduce the waste?
A. By collecting the rubbish.
B. By donating bottled water.
C. By limiting the use of water.
D. By reducing the use of plastic.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了原定于2022年9月10日至25日在杭州举行的第十九届亚运会将会被推迟，同时文章介绍了此次亚运会的运动项目，吉祥物以及此次亚运会为保护环境所做的贡献。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The mascots (吉祥物) of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 are a group of robots. The three animated characters Congcong, Lianlian and Chenchen have become increasingly popular. (杭州2022年第19届亚运会的吉祥物是一组机器人。这三个动画人物琮琮、莲莲和宸宸越来越受欢迎。)”可知，杭州2022年第19届亚运会有三个吉祥物，故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee has worked with Alipay to encourage the public to donate (捐献) one kilogram of “energy” they collected in a game known as “Ant Forest”. Through “Ant Forest” people exchange their actual daily footsteps for virtual energy, which can be used to plant real trees in China.(杭州亚运会组委会与支付宝合作，鼓励公众捐献他们在“蚂蚁森林”游戏中收集的1公斤“能量”。通过“蚂蚁森林”，人们将日常生活中的实际脚印交换成虚拟能量，这些虚拟能量可以用来在中国种植真正的树木。)”可知，杭州亚运会组委会与支付宝合作，能鼓励人们将在游戏中收集的能量捐赠，进而可以在中国种植真正的树木，由此可推知，杭州亚运会组委会与支付宝合作的目的是为了保护环境，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For example, Hangzhou International Expo Centre Hotel has built a set of drinkable water system to replace the bottled water supply in guest rooms. Based on the standard of two bottles of water for each room, the drinkable water system can save more than 500 bottles of mineral water per day and thus reduce a great number of plastic bottles in a year.(例如，杭州国际博览中心酒店已经建立了一套饮用水系统，取代了客房中的瓶装水供应。根据每个房间两瓶水的标准，饮用水系统每天可以节省500多瓶矿泉水，从而在一年内减少大量的塑料瓶。)”可知，杭州国际博览中心酒店建立饮用水系统，取代了客房中的瓶装水供应，这样能每天节省500多瓶矿泉水，所以说，杭州国际博览中心酒店通过减少塑料的使用来减少浪费，故选D。
B
After the Wichita State University men’s basketball team beat the team from Tarleton State on Tuesday, one player took an unusual victory lap around the stadium. Dexter Dennis stayed after the game to help staff at Koch Arena clean.
Dennis helped lead the Shockers to success, but he didn’t show off. Instead, the soft-spoken college junior from Louisiana did something very humble. The video from the court shows him picking up rubbish in the stands. No one asked him to do it.
The video was shared on Twitter by Taylor Eldridge, who covers Wichita State athletics for The Wichita Eagle newspaper. “Dexter is a different kind of guy,” Eldridge tweeted. The video quickly circulated, which received more than 1.5 million views and tens of thousands of likes.
“Wasn’t in trouble or anything. Didn’t have to. He just wanted to help out the cleaning workers,” Eldridge wrote in another tweet.
“Cleanup can take up to three hours after every game,” Wichita State University Facilities Director David Gomez said. “Seeing a student athlete staying to help is inspiring.”
“We have several people who have been here for many years and I know for some of them, that’s probably the first time they’ve seen something like that happen,” said Gomez. “And I want to say thank you for leading and showing us that there are still people out there who recognize the hard work that’s done around here.”
“It’s crazy that someone who just played the game helps clean up the stadium,” Wichita State student and golfer Max Wojciechowski told KWCH.
Dennis refused KWCH’s offer for an interview and has not responded to CBS News, but did address the moment on Twitter. “Didn’t do it for attention,” Dennis tweeted.
He played for 30 minutes during the game, hitting three of four shots from the field and also entering the top 10 all time for career three-pointers in Shocker history, KWCH reports.
4. What attracted people’s attention about Dexter Dennis?
A. His basketball skills. B. His winning the match.
C. His special appearance. D. His cleaning the stadium.
5. What does the underlined word “circulated” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Lost attention. B. Raised doubts. C. Became popular. D. Got permission.
6. How did David Gomez react to Dexter Dennis’s behaviour?
A. He felt puzzled. B. He appreciated it.
C. He expressed his regret. D. He gave him a prize.
7. Which of the following best describes Dexter Dennis?
A. Caring and helpful. B. Creative and patient.
C. Smart and hardworking. D. Outgoing and humorous.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了大三学生Dexter Dennis在比赛后留下来帮助工作人员打扫体育场，这一行为引起了人们的关注。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Dexter Dennis stayed after the game to help staff at Koch Arena clean.( Dexter Dennis在比赛结束后留下来帮助科赫球馆的工作人员打扫卫生)”以及第二段中“The video from the court shows him picking up rubbish in the stands. No one asked him to do it.(球场上的视频显示他在看台上捡垃圾。 没有人要求他做这件事)”可知，Dexter Dennis打扫体育场的行为吸引了人们的注意。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“which received more than 1.5 million views and tens of thousands of likes”可知，这段视频迅速变得流行，点击量超过150万次，获得了数万个赞。故画线词意思是“变得流行”。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段““Cleanup can take up to three hours after every game,” Wichita State University Facilities Director David Gomez said. “Seeing a student athlete staying to help is inspiring.”(威奇托州立大学设施主任David Gomez说：“每场比赛后的清理工作可能需要长达3个小时。看到一个学生运动员留下来提供帮助是令人鼓舞的。”)”可知，David Gomez对Dexter Dennis的行为很欣赏。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Dexter Dennis stayed after the game to help staff at Koch Arena clean.( Dexter Dennis在比赛结束后留下来帮助科赫球馆的工作人员打扫卫生)”以及第二段“Dennis helped lead the Shockers to success, but he didn’t show off. Instead, the soft-spoken college junior from Louisiana did something very humble. The video from the court shows him picking up rubbish in the stands. No one asked him to do it.( Dennis帮助“震撼者”获得了成功，但他从不炫耀。相反，这位来自路易斯安那州的轻声细语的大三学生做了一件非常谦逊的事情。球场上的视频显示他在看台上捡垃圾。没有人要求他做这件事)”可推知，Dexter Dennis关心他人且乐于助人。故选A。
C
A recent scientific report says that more than one-fifth of the world’s reptiles (爬行动物) are faced with extinction. The main threat (威胁) to reptiles is the loss of their natural homes, as humans take over more and more natural areas.
The study, written by 52 scientists, is the first worldwide measurement of how threatened different species (物种) of reptiles are. The new report has shown some unhappy news — 21% of all reptile species are in danger of extinction. That’s over 1,800 species in all.
The main reason why these reptiles are dying out is that humans are taking over more and more of their habitats — the places where they naturally live. More land continues to be cleared to make room for cities and towns. Large areas of land are also being cleared so that they can be used as farmland. Logging — cutting down trees for wood — is another big threat to reptile habitat. Turtles and crocodiles are among the most threatened reptiles. Humans are a direct threat here, often killing these animals for their skin or meat.
Similar worldwide studies of birds and mammals (哺乳动物) were made more than ten years ago. The authors of the report say it was harder to collect the money needed to study reptiles. They believe that’s because furry or feathery animals like mammals and birds are more popular with most people. But even if reptiles aren’t considered cute, they play a very important part in nature’s food chains. One service performed by reptiles that humans should appreciate is helping control certain pests, like insects and rats.
We know what must be done to protect reptiles. Bruce Young, one of the leaders of the study, says, “We have all the tools we need.” Protecting natural areas is at the top of the list. Studies show that saving natural areas doesn’t just protect mammals or birds, but all kinds of animals, including reptiles. So the time is always right to do the right thing!
8. What is the top reason for reptiles’ dangerous situation?
A. The lack of food. B. People’s killing them.
C. The loss of their natural homes. D. People’s cutting down trees.
9. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A. Reptiles are prettier than mammals.
B. People care more about mammals than reptiles.
C. Mammals are more important than reptiles.
D. Reptiles are better protected than mammals.
10. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To share some good news. B. To teach some useful skills.
C. To call on people to take action. D. To give people some confidence.
11. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Reptiles Are at Risk of Dying Out.
B A New Report Showed Some Bad News.
C. What Should We Do to Protect Reptiles?
D. Why Reptiles Are in Danger?
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一篇研究，研究表明有相当一部分爬行动物濒临灭绝，主要原因在于自然栖息地的丧失；文章还指出爬行动物不如哺乳动物和鸟类受到人类关注，呼吁大家采取行动保护爬行动物。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“The main threat (威胁) to reptiles is the loss of their natural homes, as humans take over more and more natural areas.”（爬行动物的主要威胁在于，人类不断地占据自然区域，导致这些动物失去了自然栖息地。）可知，导致爬行动物面临险境的最大原因是失去了自然栖息地。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的前三句“Similar worldwide studies of birds and mammals (哺乳动物) were made more than ten years ago. The authors of the report say it was harder to collect the money needed to study reptiles. They believe that’s because furry or feathery animals like mammals and birds are more popular with most people.”（十多年前，世界各地均对鸟类和哺乳动物开展了类似的研究。该报告的作者称，筹集爬行动物研究资金会更加困难。他们认为这是因为像哺乳动物和鸟类这样毛茸茸或有羽毛的动物更受大多数人欢迎。）可知，和哺乳动物和鸟类相比，筹集用于研究爬行动物的资金会更难，而且爬行动物也不如哺乳动物和鸟类受欢迎，由此可知，人们更关心哺乳动物，而不是爬行动物。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We know what must be done to protect reptiles. Bruce Young, one of the leaders of the study, says, “We have all the tools we need.” Protecting natural areas is at the top of the list. Studies show that saving natural areas doesn’t just protect mammals or birds, but all kinds of animals, including reptiles. So the time is always right to do the right thing!”（我们知道必须要做什么来保护爬行动物。研究负责人布鲁斯·扬说：“所需工具齐全。”保护自然栖息地是首要任务。研究表明，保护自然栖息地不仅仅是保护哺乳动物或鸟类，而是应该保护含爬行动物在内的所有动物。所以只要是做正确的事情，任何时机都正确。）可知，最后一段强调要采取行动保护爬行动物，说明该段目的是呼吁人们采取行动。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章前三段介绍一项研究，研究表明，全球超过五分之一的爬行动物濒临灭绝，主要原因是自然栖息地的丧失——这是由人类活动造成的；第四段指出爬行动物不如哺乳动物和鸟类受到人类关注；第五段呼吁人们要一视同仁，在保护哺乳动物和鸟类的同时，也应采取行动保护爬行动物。所以A项“爬行动物面临灭绝危机”最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
Teamwork has been behind some of humans’ greatest achievements — the Beatles’ biggest hits, putting a man on the moon, and the smartphone.
Does video interaction damage the creative process that led to such achievements? Yes, according to new research published Wednesday that found it’s easier to come up with creative ideas in person.
It’s an answer many employers have been searching for over the past two years, as working from home has become normal during the COVID-19 pandemic.
“We firstly started the project in 2016 because we learned from managers that innovation was one of the biggest challenges with video interaction,” said Melanie Brucks, an author of the study.
Brucks said she spent four years exploring whether it really had any influence on people’s ability to produce new ideas. She organized 602 university students and divided them into pairs to work on tasks either in person or online. The tasks included coming up with new uses for everyday things. The performance of each pair was determined by how many ideas they came up with and the value of their ideas as ranked by student judges.
Researchers also found that virtual participants spent more time looking directly at their partner, rather than looking around the room. What’s more, she said pairs who were video-conferencing remembered less of their surroundings.
“This visual focus on the screen narrows cognition. In other words, people are more focused when interacting on video, which hurts the broad, expansive idea producing process. Objects in the room can inspire new ideas easier than trying to produce them in heart,” Brucks said.
Jay Olson, a scholar at MeGill University in Canada, said managers shouldn’t rush to get people back in the office or add more face-to-face meetings as a result of this research. “I wouldn’t want to see a company double their in-person meetings hoping to improve their innovation, if this also means doubling the commute time resulting in less happy — and perhaps less creative — employees.”
12. What have many employers been wondering?
A. What leads to creative ideas. B. What damages our creativity.
C. Whether video meetings influence creativity. D. Whether face-to-face meetings are more effective.
13. What were the university students asked to do in the experiment?
A. Find some solutions. B. Present new ideas.
C. Show artistic talents. D. Make everyday things.
14. What hurts people’s producing ideas according to Melanie Brucks?
A. Focusing on the screen. B. Communicating in person.
C. Looking around the room. D. Doubling the commute time.
15. What’s Jay Olson’s attitude to adding more in-person meetings?
A. Worried. B. Unsupportive. C. Uncaring. D. Hopeful.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了视频会议会影响创造力，介绍了研究开展的过程以及人们对此的看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Does video interaction damage the creative process that led to such achievements? (视频互动是否破坏了创造这些成就的过程？)”以及第三段“It’s an answer many employers have been searching for over the past two years, as working from home has become normal during the COVID-19 pandemic.(这是过去两年来许多雇主一直在寻找的答案，因为在新冠肺炎大流行期间，在家工作已经成为常态)”可知，许多雇主想知道视频会议是否会影响创造力。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The tasks included coming up with new uses for everyday things.(这些任务包括想出日常用品的新用途)”可知，大学生在实验中被要求提出新的想法。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This visual focus on the screen narrows cognition. In other words, people are more focused when interacting on video, which hurts the broad, expansive idea producing process.(这种对屏幕的视觉聚焦缩小了认知。换句话说，人们在与视频互动时更专注，这损害了广泛的想法产生过程)”可知，梅勒妮·布鲁克斯认为，盯着屏幕伤害了人们产生想法。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Jay Olson, a scholar at MeGill University in Canada, said managers shouldn’t rush to get people back in the office or add more face-to-face meetings as a result of this research.(加拿大梅吉尔大学学者Jay Olson说，根据这项研究，经理们不应该急于让员工回到办公室，也不应该增加更多面对面的会议)”可推知，Jay Olson不支持增加更多的面对面会议。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
996 is a term to describe working shifts that start from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week totalling 72 hours per week. An employee has to stay in the office until late in the evening.
___16___ Rather, it is an unwritten rule. The 996 work culture is most seen in big tech companies.
There are other forms of work culture, such as 8106 (from 8 am to 10 pm, 6 days per week), 997 (from 9 am to 9 pm, 7 days per week). However, the 007 work culture is the most striking. Under this work culture, an employee would have to work from 0 am to 0 pm 7 days per week. ___17___
Lying flat literally means “lying down and resting”. As an Internet buzzword, it means “I don’t want to fight”. To many people, it means not following the unwritten rules of fast-paced society, such as not buying a house nor a car, not marrying, not having children. ___18___ In the workplace, it is refusing to become a machine for others to make money.
Some workers refuse to accept the 996 work culture. ___19___ Apart from working and sleeping, they are notable to do other activities as they are stuck at work and feel constantly tired and pressured. By “lying flat”, they are able to show their disagreement with the work culture.
___20___ Many of them feel that to get a good job and a good salary, it is necessary to work hard. They believe lying flat is not a solution for them.
A. They like working long hours.
B. It’s human nature to like living in comfort.
C. However, not all the young people like lying flat.
D. The 996 working system is not a formal policy in a company.
E. This means he or she would have to be available online all day.
F. They think they cannot balance their work and life at the same time.
G. And to some it means not consuming (消费) and having the lowest standard of living.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了公司996、007等工作制以及“躺平”的含义，还举出了人们对“躺平”的不同看法。
【16题详解】
下文“Rather, it is an unwritten rule.”（确切地说，这种工作制是不成文的规定。）为设空处提供更确切的信息，即996工作制是不成文规定，由此可知，前面讲的是D项“996工作制不是一项正式的公司政策。”下文的“it”指代的是D项的“996 working system”。所以D项符合题意。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Under this work culture, an employee would have to work from 0 am to 0 pm 7 days per week.”（在这种企业文化下，员工不得不从当日0点一直工作到次日0点，一周七天不休息。）讲的是007工作制所对应的员工具体工作时长，E项“这意味着员工一整天都得在线”则解释了上文提到的007工作制意味着什么，其中“be available online all day”与上文“work from 0 am to 0 pm”一致。所以E项符合题意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“To many people, it means not following the unwritten rules of fast-paced society, such as not buying a house nor a car, not marrying, not having children.”（对许多人而言，躺平意味着不遵循快节奏社会的这项不成文规定，比如不买房，不买车，不结婚生子。）讲的是躺平在许多人眼中的含义。下文“In the workplace, it is refusing to become a machine for others to make money.”（在工作语境下，躺平即拒绝成为为他人赚钱的机器。）讲的是躺平在工作语境下的含义。上下文讲的都是躺平的含义，说明设空处也是介绍躺平的含义，G项“对某些人而言，躺平意味着不消费，生活水平最低”介绍的是一部分人对躺平的理解，符合题意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“Some workers refuse to accept the 996 work culture.”（一些工作者拒绝接受996工作文化）指出有些人反对996加班文化，F项“他们认为自己无法同时平衡工作与生活”指出了上文有些人反对996的原因，其中“They”指代上文的“Some workers”，F项引出下文“Apart from working and sleeping, they are notable to do other activities as they are stuck at work and feel constantly tired and pressured.”（除了工作和睡觉以外，值得注意的是，他们还做其他活动，因为他们被困在工作中，经常感到疲惫和压力。）所以F项符合题意。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“Many of them feel that to get a good job and a good salary, it is necessary to work hard. They believe lying flat is not a solution for them.”（他们当中许多人觉得为了能够有高薪的好工作，必须得努力工作。他们认为躺平并不能解决他们的问题。）讲的是有些人认为躺平不能解决问题，而且努力工作是必要的，由此可知，设空处首先指出有些人反对躺平，下文是对设空处的具体阐述，则C项“然而，不是所有的年轻人都喜欢躺平的”符合题意。故选C项。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many people hold several jobs throughout their life. This is very ___21___ nowadays. But a man in Brazil has stayed at one ___22___ longer than anyone else in the world. Walter Orthmann, 100, ___23___ the Guinness World Record for working at the same company for 84 years and nine days.
Orthmann’s ___24___ started when he was just 15 years old. He ___25___ Industrias Renaux S.A. in 1938, working as a shipping assistant at the textile company.
As a child, he was always ___26___ to learn, but had to start working to help ___27___ his family, who lived in Brusque. There, Orthmann continued to love learning and got promoted to a sales position, and then a manager. The company has also ___28___ over the past 84 years, which ___29___ Orthmann the most important part of the business: Stay up-to-date and ____30____ to different contexts.
His record-breaking career was ____31____ by Guinness World Records on January 6, 2022. He said it was an ____32____, one he never imagined achieving. His professional ____33____ is to work in an area where you feel active.
Orthmann turned 100 years old on April 19 and ____34____ with coworkers, friends and family. He exercises every day and is also ____35____ fit. So, he still goes to his favorite place every day: the office.
His 84-year-long career was perhaps achieved by his ability to live in the ____36____. “I don’t do much planning, nor do I ____37____ yesterday,” he said. “All I ____38____ is that you need to be ____39____ for what you have now. Here and now is what ____40____. So, let’s go to work!”
21. A. formal B. special C. common D. strange
22. A. hospital B. farm C. school D. company
23. A. set B. affected C. won D. noticed
24. A. interest B. job C. education D. struggle
25. A. led B. entered C. organized D. introduced
26. A. surprised B. stressed C. eager D. afraid
27. A. protect B. support C. comfort D. recognize
28. A. searched B. suffered C. changed D. recovered
29. A. taught B. awarded C. promised D. spared
30. A. refer B. turn C. move D. adapt
31. A. confirmed B. ignored C. provided D. considered
32. A. adventure B. order C. agreement D. honour
33. A. advice B. solution C. purpose D. decision
34. A. traveled B. celebrated C. competed D. argued
35. A. usually B. gradually C. mentally D. regularly
36. A. past B. present C. country D. society
37. A. imagine B. prepare C. experience D. regret
38. A. care about B. look into C. take over D. come across
39. A. anxious B. known C. thankful D. ready
40. A. exists B. counts C. remains D. indicates
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了巴西百岁老人84年在同一个公司工作，成“最强打工人”。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这在当今是很常见的。A. formal正式的；B. special特别的；C. common普遍的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“Many people hold several jobs throughout their life.”可知一辈子做几份工作是很常见的事情。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但巴西有一个人在一家公司工作的时间比世界上任何人都长。A. hospital医院；B. farm农场；C. school学校；D. company公司。根据后文“working at the same company for 84 years”可知，指在同一家公司工作。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年100岁的Walter Orthmann在同一家公司工作了84年零9天，创造了吉尼斯世界纪录。A. set设置；B. affected赢得；C. won赢得；D. noticed注意到。根据后文“the Guinness World Record”指创造吉尼斯世界纪录应用动词set。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Orthmann的工作在他15岁时就开始了。A. interest兴趣；B. job工作；C. education教育；D. struggle努力。根据后文“Industrias Renaux S.A. in 1938, working as a shipping assistant at the textile company”可知说明的是工作开始的时间。故选B。
25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1938年，他进入Industrias Renaux S.A.，在一家纺织公司担任航运助理。A. led带领；B. entered进入；C. organized识别；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“Industrias Renaux S.A. in 1938, working as a shipping assistant at the textile company”指进入Industrias Renaux S.A.这家公司。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，他总是渴望学习，但不得不开始工作，以帮养家糊口，他们住在布鲁斯克。A. surprised惊讶的；B. stressed焦虑的；C. eager渴望的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“to learn, but had to start working”可知他渴望学习，但不得不开始工作。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，他总是渴望学习，但不得不开始工作，以帮养家糊口，他们住在布鲁斯克。A. protect保护；B. support支持；C. comfort安慰；D. recognize识别。根据后文“his family”可知要工作养活家人，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。A. searched寻找；B. suffered遭受；C. changed改变；D. recovered恢复。根据后文“over the past 84 years”以及常识，公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。A. taught教学；B. awarded奖励；C. promised承诺；D. spared饶恕。根据后文“Orthmann the most important part of the business”指该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。A. refer涉及；B. turn转弯；C. move移动；D. adapt适应。根据上文“The company has also ____over the past 84 years”以及后文“to different contexts”指适应不同的环境，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年1月6日，吉尼斯世界纪录确认了他打破纪录的职业生涯。A. confirmed确认；B. ignored忽视；C. provided提供；D. considered考虑。根据下文“ by Guinness World Records”指吉尼斯世界纪录确认了他打破纪录的职业生涯。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说这是一种荣誉，一种他从未想过会获得的荣誉。A. adventure冒险；B. order命令；C. agreement协议；D. honour荣誉。根据后文“one he never imagined achieving”可知这是一种他从未想过会获得的荣誉。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的专业建议是在你感觉活跃的地方工作。A. advice建议；B. solution解决方案；C. purpose目的；D. decision决定。根据后文“to work in an area where you feel active”可知，在你感觉活跃的地方工作是他对工作的建议。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Orthmann在4月19日迎来了100岁生日，和同事、朋友和家人一起庆祝。A. traveled旅行；B. celebrated庆祝；C. competed竞争；D. argued争论。根据上文“Orthmann turned 100 years old on April 19”指庆祝一百岁生日。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他每天锻炼身体，精神也很健康。A. usually通常；B. gradually逐渐地；C. mentally心理；D. regularly定期地。根据上文“He exercises every day and is also”可知他身体健康，精神也很健康。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他长达84年的职业生涯可能是靠他活在当下的能力取得的。A. past过去；B. present目前；C. country国家；D. society社会。根据后文“for what you have now”可知他是个活在当下的人，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没有做太多的计划，也不后悔昨天，”他说。A. imagine想象；B. prepare准备；C. experience经历；D. regret后悔。上文提到他活在当下，所以不后悔昨天，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只关心你要对你现在所拥有的心存感激。A. care about关心；B. look into调查；C. take over接管；D. come across偶遇。上文提到了他不在乎的事情，后文是他所在乎的，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只关心你要对你现在所拥有的心存感激。A. anxious焦虑的；B. known已知的；C. thankful感谢的；D. ready准备好的。根据后文“for what you have now”指对现在拥有的心存感激。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此时此刻才是最重要的。A. exists存在；B. counts重要；C. remains仍然是；D. indicates表明。Orthmann认为要活在当下，所以此时此刻才是最重要的。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
For the fifth year in a row, Finland is the world’s ___41___(happy) country, according to World Happiness Report rankings based ___42___ (large) on life evaluations (评估) from the Gallup World Poll.
The Nordic country and ___43___ (it) neighbors Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Iceland all score very well on the measures the report uses ___44___ (explain) its findings. These measures include healthy life expectancy, GDP per capita, social support in times of trouble, and high social trust, generosity in a community ___45___ people look after each other and freedom to make key life ___46___(decision).
Denmark comes in at No. 2 in this year’s rankings, ___47___ (follow) by Iceland at No.3. Sweden and Norway are the seventh and the eighth respectively (分别地). Switzerland, the Netherlands and Luxembourg take places 4 through 6, ___48___ Israel coming in at No. 9 and New Zealand rounding out the top 10.
Another bright point in this year’s report is that worry and stress went down in the pandemic’s second year. “For the young, life satisfaction has fallen, while for those over 60, it has risen,” according to the report.
John Helliwell, one of the report’s three founding editors, admits that there’s a sense that crises bring out either the best ___49___ the worst in societies.
“But in general, people are too worried about the goodwill in the societies they live in, so when the actual disaster ____50____ (happen) and they see other people responding positively to help others, it will raise their opinion both of themselves and of their fellow citizens,” Helliwell said.
【答案】41. happiest
42. largely
43. its 44. to explain
45. where 46. decisions
47. followed
48. with 49. or
50. happens
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界幸福报告排行榜对世界幸福国家进行排名，并指出在疫情第二年人们的压力和担忧在降低，人们看到了社会的善意。
【41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：根据《世界幸福报告》的排名，芬兰连续第五年成为世界上最幸福的国家，该排名主要基于盖洛普世界民意调查的生活评估。the world’s是世界范围内的最幸福国家排名，所以需要形容词最高级happiest作定语，修饰名词country。故填happiest。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：根据《世界幸福报告》的排名，芬兰连续第五年成为世界上最幸福的国家，该排名主要基于盖洛普世界民意调查的生活评估。副词largely作状语，修饰非谓语动词based。故填largely。
【43题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在该报告用于表明调查结果的指标方面，北欧国家及其邻国丹麦、挪威、瑞典、和冰岛的得分都很高。neighbors为名词，用形容词性物主代词its指代“北欧国家的”，作定语。故填its。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：在该报告用于表明调查结果指标方面，北欧国家及其邻国丹麦、挪威、瑞典、和冰岛的得分都很高。分析句子成分the report uses (explain) its findings是measures的后置定语从句。在定语从句中explain用动词不定式做目的状语。故填to explain。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些措施包括健康的预期寿命、人均GDP、困难时期的社会支持、高度的社会信任、在人们相互照顾的社区中的慷慨以及作出关键人生决定的自由。空后的句子为限制性定语从句，community为先行词，表地点，且先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
【46题详解】
考查可数名词复数。句意：这些措施包括健康的预期寿命、人均GDP、困难时期的社会支持、高度的社会信任、在人们相互照顾的社区中的慷慨以及作出关键人生决定的自由。不止一个决定，用可数名词decision的复数形式。故填decisions。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在今年的排名榜上，丹麦位列第二，冰岛紧随其后，排名第三，瑞典和挪威分别排名第七和第八。分析句子成分可知comes作谓语，follow为非谓语，与逻辑主语Denmark是被动关系，follow用过去分词形式。故填followed。
48题详解】
考查介词。句意：瑞士、荷兰和卢森堡排在第四至第六名，以色列排在第九名，新西兰位列前十。“with+名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）”with复合结构，所以此空需要介词with。故填with。
【49题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：此项报告的三名创始编辑之一的约翰海利威尔认为感觉危机给社会要么带来最好的，要么带来最坏的。either…or为固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”。故填or。
【50题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但总体而言，人们太过担心他们所居住的社会的善意，所以当实际的灾难发生时，他们看到其他人在积极地做出回应来帮助其他人，这会提高他们对自己和他们同胞的看法。分析句子成分可知在when引导的时间状语从句中happen做谓语，主语为单数，时态为一般现在时。故填happens。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I, together with my parents, took the trip to Hangzhou to get relaxing. Shortly after we arrived at there, we went to the West Lake. The scenery there was so beautiful that it simply took their breath away. Then we pay a visit to Xixi National Wetland Park, what is China’s first national wetland park. With its clear water and peaceful environment, it attracts million of tourists from all over the world every year. How an unforgettable trip! Not only did it offer me a chance to get closely to nature, but it also enabled me learn some new knowledge.
【答案】1.the→a
2.relaxing→relaxed
3.去掉arrived后的at
4.their→our
5.pay→paid
6.what→which
7.million→millions
8.How→What
9.closely→close
10.在learn前加to

【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者和父母一起去杭州旅行的经历。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：我和父母一起去杭州旅游放松一下。take a trip to是固定短语，意为“去……旅行”，故将the改为a。
2.考查形容词。句意：我和父母一起去杭州旅游放松一下。根据语境可知，句子表示“我和父母去放松”，应用ed结尾的形容词relaxed修饰人的感觉，relaxed意为“放松的”，故将relaxing改为relaxed。
3.考查介词。句意：我们到达那里不久，就去了西湖。there是副词，前面不加介词，故去掉arrived后的at。
4.考查物主代词。句意：那里的风景美得让我们无法呼吸。通读全文可知，文章描述的是“我和父母”一起去旅游，因此此处表示“那里的风景美得让我们无法呼吸”，用“took our breath away”，故将their改为our。
5.考查时态。句意：然后我们参观了西溪国家湿地公园，这是中国第一个国家湿地公园。通篇时态是一般过去时，pay应改为过去式paid，故将pay改为paid。
6.考查定语从句。句意：然后我们参观了西溪国家湿地公园，这是中国第一个国家湿地公园。“is China’s first national wetland park”是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“Xixi National Wetland Park”是一个地方，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故将what改为which。
7.考查固定短语。句意：它清澈的水和宁静的环境，每年吸引了数以百万计的来自世界各地的游客。millions of是固定短语，意为“数以百万计的”，故将million改为millions。
8.考查感叹句。句意：这是一次多么难忘的旅行！分析可知，本句为感叹句，感叹句的结构为“What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！”或者“What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！”或者“How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语！”，根据文中的“an unforgettable trip”可知，应用what引导的感叹句，故将How改为What。
9.考查形容词。句意：它不仅给了我一个接近自然的机会，也让我学到一些新的知识。get close to是固定短语，意为“接近”，故将closely改为close。
10.考查不定式。句意：它不仅给了我一个接近自然的机会，也让我学到一些新的知识。enable sb. to do是固定短语，意为“使某人能够做某事”，故在learn前加to。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52. 本学期即将结束，你对你的同桌也有了一定的了解。请你以My Deskmate为题，写一篇英语短文，向你校英文报投稿。内容包括：
1.简要介绍你的同桌；
2.你对他（她）的评价。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Deskmate
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My Deskmate
The first day I came to high school, I met my deskmate. She was the first person I got to know in the school. So I counted on her so much. She was a very nice person and took me to look around the new environment.
She has one thing that impresses me so much, which is her tough spirit. When we worked in a group, sometimes I wanted to give up the task, because it was a little difficult to finish, but my deskmate would encourage me not to give up. She said we could finish. At last, we solved the problems. Now I won’t give up easily, because I remember what my deskmate has taught me.
I am so lucky to make friends with a nice person, and the things I learn from her will be very useful in my life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以My Deskmate为题，写一篇英语短文，向该校英文报投稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
友好的：nice→friendly
有时：sometimes→at times
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
有用的：useful→helpful
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：She was a very nice person and took me to look around the new environment.
拓展句：She was a very nice person, who took me to look around the new environment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] She has one thing that impresses me so much, which is her tough spirit. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Now I won’t give up easily, because I remember what my deskmate has taught me. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句和what引导的宾语从句)